Europe



Economy of Europe - Economy of the European Union - Economies of EU member states, GDP, growth, deficit and unemployment since 2011 - List of the largest trading partners of the European Union, internal trade between the member states is aided by the removal of barriers to trade such as tariffs and border controls, and in the eurozone trade is helped by not having any currency differences to deal with amongst most members
Economic history of Europe - Companies of Europe

Arms production in Europe since the early modern period - Since 19th/20th century development of modern physics and chemistry linked with industrial revolution and history of technology - History of military technology and world wars - Weapons by country

Energy in Europe - Energy and energy policy in the European Union - 2009 Renewable Energy Directive, European Union directive requiring that 20% of the energy consumed within the European Union is renewable, target pooled among the member states
Fossil fuels in Europe and in the European Union: Fossil fuels in the European Union and fossil fuels by country - European countries by fossil fuel use (% of total energy)
September 2017: 28 September 2017: Governments of 11 European nations are providing subsidies totalling more than £80bn a year to fossil fuel industries, survey shows
December 2018: 19 December 2018: An EU deal to slowly phase out coal subsidies is 'completely inconsistent' with the bloc’s Paris climate agreement commitments, analysts say, after coal-dependent Poland in Katowice secured a loophole allowing countries another year to negotiate new 'capacity mechanisms' that would be exempted from the deadline
January 2019 subsidies for fossil fuel the same level as 2008: 23 January 2019: Subsidies for coal, oil and gas are not falling despite EU pledges to tackle climate change, as UK has biggest fossil fuel subsidies in the EU and along with the UK, France, the Netherlands, Sweden and Ireland all gave more to fossil fuels than to renewable energy, finds commission
Crude oil imports into the EU 2001-2014 and list of countries by oil imports: Crude oil imports into the EU 2001-2014 - List of countries by oil imports
Natural gas in Europe and imports of natural gas into the EU: Natural gas in Europe - Imports of natural gas into the European Union
November 2015: 28 November 2015: Russian regime's pipeline projects have run into trouble with the EU's anti-monopoly rules, as the dependence on a single source of gas is seen as threat to the EU's energy security
2017 energy import from Russia: In 2017, energy products accounted around 60% of the total EU's import from Russia
February 2019 Cyprus' discovery of natural gas offshore: 28 February 2019: Cyprus has hailed a significant discovery of natural gas offshore, highlighting the Mediterranean island’s prospective role as an alternative source of energy to Europe
Electric power in Europe and in the European Union: Electric power in Europe - Electric power in the European Union
Nuclear power in Europe and in the European Union: Nuclear power in the European Union - Nuclear energy policy by country in Europe
Renewable energy in Europe and in the European Union: Renewable energy in Europe - Renewable energy in the European Union

Transport in Europe - Transport and the European Union - Transport infrastructure in Europe
Aviation in Europe: Aviation in Europe - Environmental impact of aviation
2015: 16 November 2015: Huge variation in fuel efficiency between transatlantic airlines, with British Airways and Lufthansa emitting 51% more carbon dioxide than the cleanest flyers, as European parliament study suggests that aviation and shipping will continue to increase their share of global emissions, predicting that by 2050 aviation will account for 22% of the total, and shipping 17%
Rail transport in Europe: Rail transport in Europe
Road transport in Europe: Road transport in Europe - Public transport in Europe - Cycling in Europe
Water transport in Europe: Water transport in Europe
Tourism in Europe: Tourism in Europe - Tourism in Europe by country - Hospitality industry in Europe by country - Resorts in Europe by country
July 2019 Mallorca ports: 25 July 2019: Mallorca residents call for cruise ship limit of one a day in Palma, signing petition asserting that cruise tourism is ‘unsustainable and undesirable’
Water in Europe: Water in Europe - Rivers in Europe - Water supply in the European Union

Fishing in the European Union - Fishing in the North Sea
EU's common fisheries policy and 'Agriculture and Fisheries Council': Common Fisheries Policy is the fisheries policy of the European Union - Agriculture and Fisheries Council, one of the configurations of the Council of the European Union and is composed of the agriculture and fisheries ministers of the European Union member states, its competencies include the Common Agricultural Policy and the Common Fisheries Policy
August 2018 fishermen's clash over shellfish: 29 August 2018: UK scallop fishermen clashed with French rivals in Channel, trying to protect stocks of the shellfish - 29 août 2018: La Commission européenne appelle à un accord 'à l'amiable' après des affrontements entre marins français et anglais sur la coquille Saint-Jacques

Agriculture in Europe - European Union and agriculture
April 2016 agriculture's crucial role for planet’s future: 28 April 2016: Agriculture will play a crucial role in addressing the planet’s most pressing challenges, whether on food production, health or the preservation of the environment, special report shows
May 2019 EU subsidies to climate-intensive livestock farms: 22 May 2019: The EU is disregarding the climate emergency by continuing to give out billions of euros in subsidies to climate-intensive livestock, meat and dairy farms, which have shown no drop in emissions since 2010, at the same time as promising to cut emissions, say campaigners
November 2019 EU’s agricultural policy should be overhauled urgently to stop decline in wildlife: 5 November 2019: The EU’s common agricultural policy should be overhauled urgently to stop the intensification of farming practices that is leading to a steep decline in wildlife, scientists from across the bloc have urged, including five organisations representing more than 2,500 experts
Forestry in Europe: Forestry in Europe
March 2019 forests threatened by biodiversity collapse: 4 March 2019: Europe’s forests threatened by biodiversity collapse, warn campaigners

List of the largest trading partners of the European Union - the EU is the largest exporter in the world and as of 2008 the largest importer of goods and services, internal trade between the member states is aided by the removal of barriers to trade such as tariffs and border controls
Treaties entered into by the European Union
EU free trade agreements
EU/Africa and the Middle East economic and trade relations: European Union/Africa and the Middle East relations
2016: 15 September 2016: Major European oil companies and commodity traders including Dutch Trafigura, Vitol and British BP are exploiting weak fuel standards in African countries to export highly polluting fuels that they could never sell at the pumps in Europe, according to a new report - 6 December 2016: Five west African countries Nigeria, Benin, Togo, Ghana and Ivory Coast have announced measures to end the practice of European oil companies and traders exporting 'African quality' diesel, highly polluting fuels that could never be sold in Europe - 7 December 2016: Africa's crackdown on tax avoidance project designed to improve audit capacities and ensure multinationals observe local tax laws
EU/The Americas economic and trade relations: European Union/The Americas relations
EU/Asia-Pacific economic and trade relations: European Union/Asia-Pacific relations - The EU is China's largest trading partner, and China is the EU's second largest trading partner, mostly of industrial and manufactured goods, between 2009 and 2010 alone EU exports to China increased by 38% and China's exports to the EU increased by 31%, however there are sources of tension, such as human rights and the EU's arms embargo on China
Since 1972: Since 1972 European Union-ASEAN relations refers to bilateral foreign relations between the two organizations, the European Union EU and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN
EU/Central Asia economic and trade relations: European Union/Central Asia relations

Banking and banks in Europe: List of banks in Europe
Banking in the European Union: Banking in the European Union
2017: 18 June 2017: Though hard Brexit may exempt UK, banks, accountants and law firms that facilitate offshore tax schemes face a Europe-wide crackdown, according to a leak of draft legislation by the European commission - 12 October 2017: Billions of dollars of public money was sunk in new fossil fuel projects by the world’s major development banks in the year after the Paris climate change deal was agreed, according to campaigners who are calling for the banks to halt their financing of coal, oil and gas

Economic history of Europe and business cycles: Economic history of Europe and business cycles - Since 2007 Great Recession in Europe - Great Recession worldwide following the financial crisis since 2007 - European debt crisis affecting the countries of the eurozone since early 2009, when a group of 10 central and eastern European banks asked for a bailout - Causes of the European debt crisis
June/July 2011: 20. Juni 2011: EU Einigung am 20. Juni 2011 auf "Europäischen Stabilitätsmechanismus" ESM ab 2013 - 20. Juni 2011: Besorgnis des IWF über Europas Schuldensituation - 26. Juni 2011: Chinas Staatsfonds steht zu Euro-Investitionen - 11. Juli 2011: EU-Justizkommissarin will Macht der Rating-Agenturen brechen
August 2011: 12. August 2011: Belgien, Frankreich, Griechenland, Italien und Spanien verfügen Verbote sog. 'Leerverkäufe' im Börsenhandel, teils nur befristet - 25. August 2011: Frankreich, Italien und Spanien verlängern Verbot von sog. 'Leerverkäufen', d.h. insoweit von Spekulation auf den Ruin eben dieser Länder
September 2011: 28. September 2011: Strengere Regeln für Euro-Stabilitätspakt verabschiedet - 29. September 2011: Spanien und Italien verlängern Verbot von 'Leerverkäufen'
October 2011: 27 October 2011: EU leaders agree to a last-minute deal on eurozone debts and reducing Greek debts - 31 octobre 2011: Le taux de chômage dans la zone euro a atteint 10,2% de la population active en septembre 2011
November 2011: 4 November 2011: Greek eurozone crisis and G20 meeting - current events - Lessons to learn: - Chapter: The form of value - Chapter: Productive and unproductive labour
December 2011: 8 December: European countries face eurozone crisis summit in Brussels still without any idea to disempower banks and to democratise credit - 9 December 2011: Brussels summit rejects EU wide treaty change
January/February 2012: 14 January 2012: EU criticises Standard&Poor's ratings downgrade of nine eurozone countries - 31 January 2012: Eurozone unemployment hits new record at the end of 2011 reaching a rate of 10,4 per cent - 21 février 2012: L'Eurogroupe approuve le plan d'aide de 130 milliards d'euros à la Grèce - 23. Februar 2012: Laut Konjunkturprognose der EU-Kommission rutschen die Euro-Länder in Rezession von 0,3%
April/May 2012: 2 avril 2012: Le taux de chômage dans la zone euro est à son plus haut depuis 1999 et a atteint 10,8% de la population active en février 2012 - 2 May 2012: For all 17 nations in the eurozone, the jobless rate rose again to 10.9%, the highest since the euro was formed in 1999 - 16. Mai 2012: EU-Parlament und EU-Finanzminister vor Verhandlungen zu Eigenkapitalregeln für Banken
June 2012: 1 June 2012: Eurozone unemployment at 11%, in the 27-nation EU the jobless rate 10.3%, up from 10.2% - 10 June 2012: Spanish bank bailout request welcomed - 29 June 2012: Eurozone agrees to use its bailout fund to support struggling banks directly
July/August 2012: 2 July 2012: Unemployment in the eurozone hit 11.1% in May while the downturn in its manufacturing sector continued - 25 July 2012: Libor fixing to become criminal offence, EU justice commissioner Viviane Reding says - 2 August 2012: ECB's Draghi reaffirms promise to do 'whatever it takes' to save euro - 14 August 2012: Eurozone economy shrinks by 0.2% - 31 August 2012: Unemployment across the 17-nation eurozone hit a record 18 million in July
September/October 2012: 6 September: ECB's Mario Draghi unveils bond-buying euro debt plan - 1 October: Unemployment in the eurozone hit a fresh high of 18.2 million in August - 8 October: Eurozone unlocks $650bn crisis rescue fund - 13 October: The EU has been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, which is worth a million euros, for six decades of work in advancing peace in Europe - 18 October: EU Brussels summit to focus on eurozone crisis - 19 October: At the EU Brussels summit compromise deal reached on eurozone bank supervisor - 23 October: The European Commission has backed plans from 10 countries to launch a financial transactions tax - 31 October: Eurozone unemployment jumps to fresh high of 18.49 million in September, unemployment rate up to 11.6% (a year earlier 10.3%)
November/December 2012: 6 November: The European Court of Auditors said there were errors in allocating about 5bn euros from the 2011 EU budget - 7 November: Eurozone jobless to peak near 12% in 2013,the EU autumn forecasts says - 30 November: Unemployment in the eurozone hit a record high in October, with more than 170.000 extra jobs lost and youth joblessness at almost 24 per cent, as the economy slumped into recession - 13 December: Eurozone agrees ECB banking supervision rules
January/February 2013: 8 January 2013: Eurozone unemployment reaches new high in 2012, as more than 26 million people are now unemployed across the EU - 28 February 2013: EU agrees to cap banker bonuses
April/May 2013: 2 April 2013: The euro area seasonally-adjusted unemployment rate was 12.0 % in February 2013 - 15 mai 2013: Selon une première estimation de l'Eurostat, le Produit intérieur brut de la zone euro s'est replié de 0,2% au premier trimestre - 31 May: One in four youths is jobless as unemployment across the eurozone reaches record of 19.38 million people or 12.2%
September-November 2013: 27 septembre: Le budget UE 2013 accuse un trou de 20 milliards d'euros - 12 November: EU agreement on 2014 budget, including 135.5 billion euros in payments and 142.6 billion euros in commitments
2014: 1 January 2014: European labour market opens for Romanians, Bulgarians - 5 June: As the eurozone economy is only growing at 0.2%, ECB slashes interest rate to 0.15%
26 October 2014: Twenty-four European banks fail European Banking Authority financial stress tests
2015: 22 January 2015: ECB president Mario Draghi pledges €60bn monthly top-up until September 2016 in quantitative easing move to save currency bloc - 20 February: Eurozone ministers gather for crucial Greece talks - 19 March: EU leaders set for crunch Greek talks at Brussels summit - 20 March: EU summit in Brussels demands Greece produce economic blueprint quickly - 20 March: EU offers funds to Greece in return for urgent reforms - 24 March: Greece promises list of reforms by next Monday to unlock cash and avoid default - 29 June 2015: Turmoil hits the financial world after capital controls imposed in Greece and banks are shut for a week, triggering a new phase of the eurozone crisis - 23 September: Volkswagen crisis and Chinese economy fears weigh on markets - 13 November 2015: The eurozone economy slowed in the three months to September 2015 as exports to large developing economies weakened
July 2017: 28 July 2017: Economic confidence across the eurozone has inched up to its highest level in a decade, as countries beat UK with solid growth in Q2
August 2018: 14 August 2018: The eurozone economy has shrugged off growing trade tensions to grow faster than previously estimated in the three months to the end of June, as GDP was also up 0.4% in the 28 EU countries
Mai 2019: 12 mai 2019: Les inégalités ont augmenté dans l'Union européenne ces dernières décennies, en particulier dans l'ancien bloc de l'Est, selon une étude
June 2019: 3 June 2019: Manufacturers in the eurozone hit by an even sharper slowdown than Britain on back of Brexit uncertainty, as UK survey found that the seven-month delay to Brexit had been followed by a reduction in domestic and overseas orders and led to some companies diverting supply chains away from the UK, while weak production led to a second month of job losses

Demographics of Europe: Demographics of Europe - Demographics of Europe, as of 2010 Europe's population within the standard physical geographical boundaries was 740 million according to the United Nations - Demographics of the European Union, as of 2014 the population of the EU of 28 member states is about 507.4 million people
Ethnic groups in Europe: Ethnic groups in Europe - Ethnic groups in Europe by region - Ethnic groups in Europe by country
African diaspora in Europe and immigration: African diaspora in Europe by country - African immigration to Europe
Jews and Judaism in Europe: History of the Jews in Europe, stretching back over two thousand years - Jews and Judaism in Europe - Jews and Judaism in Europe by country
Kurdish diaspora in Europe: Kurdish diaspora in Europe - European people of Kurdish descent - Kurdish people by country of citizenship
23 October 2019 Syrian Kurdish man set himself on fire outside the UN: 23 October 2019: Syrian Kurdish man, who resides in Germany, set himself on fire outside the UN refugee agency headquarters in Geneva, then tried to enter the UNHCR building, and was flown by helicopter to the specialised burns unit at the university hospital in Lausanne
Middle Eastern diaspora in Europe: Middle Eastern diaspora in Europe by country
Romani in Europe: Romani in Europe by country
European history and society by country: European society by country - History of Europe

Social class in Europe
Mai 2019: 12 mai 2019: Les inégalités ont augmenté dans l'Union européenne ces dernières décennies, en particulier dans l'ancien bloc de l'Est, mais le fossé entre riches et pauvres reste moins gigantesque que dans d'autres régions du monde, selon une étude
Labor in Europe - Labour in the European Union
Trade unions in Europe - Trade unions in the European Union
List of federations of trade unions in Europe - European trade union federations
Since 1973: Since 1973 European Trade Union Confederation - European Trade Union Confederation by country
European labour law - Since 1989 Community Charter of the Fundamental Social Rights of Workers - Co-determination - European Employment Strategy

Human rights in Europe: Human rights in Europe - European Network of National Human Rights Institutions - Human rights by country - List of Human Rights organisations
Since 1791 emancipation: Timeline of emancipation, i.e. years when legal equality was 'granted' to Jews, since 1791 in France - Année d'obtention de l'égalité des droits pour les Juifs en Europe
1794 first general abolition of slavery: Abolitionist movement to end slavery and first general abolition of slavery on 4 February 1794 in France - Timeline of abolition of slavery and serfdom
2015 EU parliament accused of 'hiding away' proof of torture by Assad regime: 19 June 2015: European parliament accused of 'hiding away' proof of torture by Assad regime, after MEPs decided against holding a major public exhibition of photographs documenting torture and abuse in Syrian Assad regime institutions, deeming the images too provocative, 'disturbing and offensive', wanting to host only cultural events and exhibits
2016 international refugee crisis and EU officials: 12 March 2016: As thousands of desperate refugees remain trapped at border camp between Greece and Macedonia and as 'Europe is on the cusp of a largely self-induced humanitarian crisis' according to UN, USA Assistant Secretary of State for European and Eurasian Affairs Victoria Nuland visits the refugee camp in Idomeni, but there is no European official walking around the muddy fields and talking with aid agency workers, refugees and migrants, because European officials prefer hotels in Moscow, Tehran, Vienna, Brussels and after all Geneva, talking and laughing with war criminals and perpetrators - 15 March 2016: Macedonia forcibly ('they hit everyone – women, children, men') returns thousands of exhausted refugees to Greece, after desperate men, women and children fled Greek camp a day earlier - 15 March 2016: Seeing Macedonian authorities sending people back in trucks to Greece late at night, dropping children off shivering, wet and disoriented, 'Save the Children' criticizes 'the wholly inadequate response of European leaders to this crisis, which treats people like bargaining chips and leaves them stranded with no safe plan for their future' - 14 juillet 2016: Des migrants violentés par des forces hongroises à la frontière hongroise avec la Serbie
2017 violence in Spain: 1 October 2017: Muted response from EU leaders over police crackdown in Catalonia, as Belgian PM Michel and senior MEP Verhofstadt among the few national leaders to denounce violence and human right groups also condemn the violence
January 2019 HRW report: 17 January 2019: Migration used to stoke fear in the EU, justify abusive policies, and block meaningful reform in 2018, even as arrivals at borders decreased, according to HRW in its report 2019, saying in 2017/2018 that xenophobic populists hostile to human rights shaped politics even when they failed to win at the ballot box, and European governments seemed determined to keep migrants away at all costs
June 2019 demanded prosecution of the EU for the deaths of thousands of migrants who drowned in the Mediterranean: 3 June 2019: The EU and member states should be prosecuted for the deaths of thousands of migrants who drowned in the Mediterranean fleeing Libya, according to a detailed legal submission to the international criminal court ICC
November 2019 EU democracy is under threat: 4 November 2019: According to the YouGov poll of 12,500 people in Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Slovakia, published by George Soros’s Open Societies Foundations, majorities between 51% and 61% in six countries - including Germany - feel democracy is under threat, 30 years after the fall of the Berlin Wall, but also demonstrating 'that where the establishment has failed citizens, civil society is perceived as a trustworthy counterpart'

European Court of Human Rights - Cour européenne des droits de l'homme - Site officiel
European Court of Human Rights judgments: List of European Court of Human Rights judgments
Since 1999 cases of Russian military abuses brought forward by Chechen civilians: Since 1999 cases of Russian military abuses brought forward by Chechen civilians against Russia in the course of the Second Chechen War, with 104 rulings to date as of April 2009 (including regarding the cases of torture and extrajudicial executions)
January 2014 Saudi torture remains unpunished: 14 January 2014: Four Britons, who say they were beaten and tortured by 'Mabahith', have been told by the European court of human rights they cannot sue Saudi Arabia in the UK courts over torture
May 2014: 12 May 2014: European Court of Human Rights orders Turkey to pay Cyprus over invasion
June 2014: 13 June 2014: Ukraine filed a lawsuit at the European Court of Human Rights concerning the kidnapping by terrorists of orphans from Snizhne
July 2014: 24 July 2014: Poland broke human rights convention on suspects held by the CIA, ECHR finds for Abu Zubaydah and Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri, who argued they were tortured by USA agents in a Polish forest prison
September 2014: 24 September 2014: Russia's FSB spy agency’s interception of data including texts and emails challenged by Russian journalist and now examined by European Court of Human Rights
2015: 14 April 2015: ECHR postpones Ukraine's lawsuit against Russia over the actions of the Russian regime in Donbas and Crimea for six months at Russian request - 3 December 2015: Ukrainian citizens have filed 700 complaints to the ECHR against the Russian Federation in connection with military actions in Donetsk and Luhansk regions and the occupation of Crimea, as the court is expected to make the first ruling on these complaints in the near future
January 2016: 13 January 2016: ECHR to rule on prison term for Russian activist Kashapov, who was arrested in December 2014 for criticizing Crimea annexation by Russian regime in 2014
21 May 2016: 21 May 2016: Australian law firm wants compensation from Russian regime for MH17 crash and its President Putin on behalf of families of victims of July 2014 catastrophe, the relevant application was submitted on 9 May 2016 to the European Court of Human Rights - 21 mai 2016: Les familles des victimes du vol MH17 de la Malaysia Airlines, abattu alors qu'il survolait l'Ukraine en 2014, poursuivent en justice la Russie et son président Poutine auprès de la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme
31 May 2016: 31 May 2016: Russian regime must pay editor for breaching freedom of expression rights of Yelena Mikhaylovna Nadtoka, editor-in-chief of the newspaper Vecherniy Novocherkassk, who was found guilty in 2004, in a breach of her rights under article 10 of the European convention, of causing insult to a politician, ECHR rules saying that the newspaper’s article sought to complain of corruption on the part of the mayor of Novocherkassk, which was a subject of public interest
October 2016: 11 October 2016: Chess master Garry Kasparov wins a case against Russian regime at the European Court of Human Rights for unlawful arrest in 2007 and violation of his right to attend a rally in Samara he missed as a result of his detention in Moscow
January/February 2017: 26 January 2017: 'Among the Council of Europe member, the majority of judgments defining at least one violation of the European Convention on Human Rights in 2016 was delivered against Russia (222 judgments)', followed by Turkey with 77 judgments, the ECHR says - 10 February 2017: Ukrainian librarian Natalya Sharina held under house arrest in Russia since October 2015, has taken her case to the European court of human rights
April 2017: 13 April 2017: Russian authorities failed to take sufficient steps to stop the 2004 Beslan school siege in North Ossetia in which more than 330 people were killed, the European court of human rights has ruled
June 2017: 20 June 2017: Russian law '2013 federal statute' encourages homophobia and discrimination, the European court of human rights has ruled, in a sharply worded rebuke to the Russian regime
September 2017: 25 September 2017: Portuguese schoolchildren from the area struck by the country’s worst forest fires are seeking crowdfunding, supported by the NGO Global Legal Action Network, to sue 47 European countries, alleging that the states’ failure to tackle climate change threatens their right to life
October 2017: 10 October 2017: A group of members of the Catalan Parliament have taken Monday's Catalan plenary suspension imposed by the Spanish Constitutional Court to the European Court of Human Rights
March 2018: 20 March 2018: Turkey acted illegally by detaining journalists Mehmet Altan and Sahin Alpay who were arrested in the wake of the military coup attempt in July 2016, the European Court of Human Rights has ruled, saying there had been a violation of personal liberty and security under Article 5/1 of the European Convention
May 2018: 25 May 2018: A group of 270 relatives of the Dutch victims of flight MH17 downed in July 2014 in Russian-occupied Donbas will lodge a complaint against Russia with the European Court of Human Rights ECHR
July 2018: 18 July 2018: Investigative journalist Anna Politkovskaya’s murder inquiry in Russia was 'inadequate and violated human rights’, as those who commissioned the killing have not yet been identified, the European Court of Human Rights ruled, ordering Russia to pay 20,000 euros in damages to relatives of murdered journalist
July 2018: 18 July 2018: European Court of Human Rights found that Russia had violated five articles of the European Convention on Human Rights in its arrest and conviction of the Pussy Riot protest group in 2012, sentencing three members to two years in prison after performing a protest song in a Moscow cathedral
November 2018 Alexei Navalny arrests case: 13 November 2018: Russian opposition politician Alexei Navalny was stopped at the border and barred from leaving Russia as he was about to travel to a court hearing at the European Court for Human Rights in France - 15 November 2018: Russia’s repeated arrests of opposition leader Alexei Navalny since 2012 are politically motivated, the European court of human rights ECHR has ruled, in a sharp rebuke of the Russian regime's authorities
April 2019: 9 April 2019: The European court of human rights has ruled that Russia violated the rights of the opposition leader Alexei Navalny by placing him under house arrest in 2014 and imposing other restrictive measures
August 2019 Magnitski case: 27 août 2019: La Cour européenne des droits de l'Homme a reconnu coupable la Russie pour la mort de l'avocat anti-corruption Sergueï Magnitski
September 2019 Russian Crimea annexation case: 11 September 2019: The Russian state directed and ran the military coup in Crimea and its subsequent annexation in 2014, Ukraine has told the European court of human rights

Since 2007 European Center for Constitutional and Human Rights ECCHR, an independent, nonprofit non-governmental organization focusing on legal issues and the enforcement of human rights by holding state and non-state actors responsible for egregious abuses
June 2018 legal claim against Italy: 29 June 2018: After Italian officials allegedly met with Syria's top military adviser, legal claim against Italy filed by ECCHR at the European commission alleging violation of EU rules

Asylum and right of asylum in Europe: Asylum in the European Union - Right of asylum in the European Union
Immigration to Europe: Immigration to Europe
2014-2016 International and European refugee and migrant crisis: 2014-2016 International and European refugee and migrant crisis - Border barriers constructed during the European migrant crisis
2014: 29 September 2014: A record 3,072 people had died attempting to reach Europe during the first nine months of 2014, the International Organisation for Migration says, urging the world’s governments to engage to stop this violence against desperate migrants
2015: During the first half of 2015, large numbers of Syrian refugees crosses into Europe, reaching 313 thousands - UNHCR applications across Europe by early August 2015 - 19 September 2015: In the international refugee crisis European neighbours turn ugly in a chaotic series of border confrontations and diplomatic disputes, as thousands fleeing war are blocked and shunted between Croatia, Hungary, Serbia and Slovenia and UN warns European unity at risk
Since 2015: Since 2015 Border barriers constructed during the European refugee and migrant crisis - Since June 2015 Hungarian border barrier - 28 November: Soldiers in Macedonia have begun erecting a metal fence on the country's southern border with Greece
2016: 30 January 2016: More than 52,000 refugees and migrants crossed the eastern Mediterranean to reach Europe in the first four weeks of January, more than 35 times as many as in the same period 2015 - 10 mars 2016: Après la fermeture de la route des Balkans aux migrants, la Grèce doit être soutenue, a déclaré la conseillère fédérale de la Suisse Simonetta Sommaruga à la réunion des ministres de l'intérieur et de la justice de l'UE
June 2018 EU to triple spending to €5bn a year targeting refugees and migrants: 12 June 2018: Unable to tackle causes of refugee crises, EU to triple spending to €5bn a year targeting refugees and migrants, as new border infrastructure, including scanners, automated number plate recognition systems, mobile laboratories for sample analysis, the establishment of teams of sniffer dogs, will be prioritised
June 2018 sharp fall in number of people seeking asylum in EU: 18 June 2018: The EU’s asylum office counted 728,470 applications for international protection in 2017, a 44% reduction on the 1.3m applications the previous year, after more than 1 million people entered the EU in 2015, many fleeing the war in Syria
July 2019 EU states' progress on plans to redistribute refugees: 23 July 2019: UNHCR and the International Organization for Migration said in a joint statement 'the crucial role played by NGOs must be acknowledged (and) they should not be criminalised nor stigmatised for saving lives at sea', as 14 EU states made progress on plans to redistribute refugees rescued in the Mediterranean, while eight said they would actively take part, including Croatia, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Lithuania, Luxembourg, and Portugal
31 December 2019 belief in Europe shattered: 31 December 2019: When photographer Alice Aedy first covered the refugee crisis in 2016 she believed Europe would respond with humanity to images of families seeking shelter and safety, now saying 'we have not only failed, we have broken promises'

Causes of refugee crises include war and civil war, human rights violations, environment and climate crises, economic hardship
Since 2011 Syrian refugees due to Assad's, Iranian and Russian war against the Syrian people: Migrant motives in the European refugee and migrant crisis since 2014/2015 - primarily credited to the inundation of refugees due to political and social conflicts in regions such as Syria, the greatest number of refugees fleeing to Europe originate from Syria due to Assad's, Iranian and Russian war against the Syrian people
2016: 2008-2016 List refugees and total population of concern by UN region, includes 21,288,728 people in Africa in 2016, 31,168,078 people in Asia in 2016, 8,061,269 people in Latin America in 2016, and 6,210,994 people in Europe in 2016
June 2018: 5,645,518 total registered Syrian refugees on 7 June 2018, according to UNHCR
4 July 2019: 5,625,871 registered Syrian refugees on 4 July 2019, as Assad's, Iranian and Russian murderous war against the Syrian people continues in its ninth year and as Russia and Assad regime step up murderous airstrikes against civilians in Idlib province on 22 July 2019

Culture in Europe: Culture in Europe and Languages in Europe - Languages in the European Union - List of endangered languages in Europe
Education in Europe and Education in the European Union: Education in Europe - Education in the European Union - Educational policies and initiatives of the European Union
European Schools: European Schools, private-authority sponsored schools controlled jointly by the governments of the Member States of the EU and regarded as public institutions to provide a multilingual and multicultural education for nursery, primary and secondary level pupils
History of science and science and technology in Europe: History of science - Science and technology in Europe
European Union and science and technology, European Research Area: European Union and science and technology - European Research Area - Scientific Committee on Health and Environmental Risks
European Space Agency ESA: European Space Agency ESA, an intergovernmental organisation dedicated to the exploration of space since 1975, with 22 member states and headquartered in Paris, having worldwide staff of about 2,000 and an annual budget of about €5.25 billion in 2016
October 2016: 20 October 2016: Hopes are fading for Schiaparelli lander, part of the ExoMars 2016 mission jointly operated by ESA with the Russian regime's space agency Roscosmos, after mission control lost contact - 28 October 2016: ESA released images of its doomed Mars lander, showing a giant crater caused by impact, and scattered components
July 2018 water 'lake' revealed on Mars: 25 July 2018: Using Marsis, a radar instrument on board the European Space Agency's Mars Express orbiter, researchers have found evidence of an existing body of liquid water on Mars
August 2018 'Aeolus': Since 22 August 2018 Atmospheric Dynamics Mission 'Aeolus' Earth observation satellite - 23 August 2018: ESA launched a rocket from French Guyana to put a satellite into orbit as part of what company Arianespace called the world’s first space mission to map the Earth’s wind on a global scale, as Aeolus will boost climate research and weather forecasting, particularly in data blindspot of the tropics
Health and healthcare in Europe: Health in Europe by country - Health and healthcare in Europe, provided through a wide range of different systems run at the national level as most European countries have universal health coverage - Health and the European Union - Health-EU Portal is an official web portal of the Health and Consumers Directorate-General that facilities the access of public-related health information to EU citizens
October 2016: 17 October 2016: Use of some of the strongest antibiotics available to treat life-threatening infections has risen to record levels on European farms across the major countries of the EU, according to new data from the European Medicines Agency
September 2018: 11 September 2018: Air pollution is now 'the biggest environmental risk' to public health in Europe but governments are failing to adequately deal with the crisis, the EU Court of Auditors has found
Health disasters in Europe by country, health crises healthcare and environmental issues: Health disasters in Europe by country and by health crises
Pesticides, chemical herbicides in the European Union: Pesticides in the European Union - Environmental impact of pesticides - Health effects of pesticides (non-Hodgkin lymphoma, leukemia, neurological problems, birth defects, fetal death, neurodevelopmental disorder and more) may be acute or delayed in those who are exposed - Pesticide residue refers to chemicals and pesticides that may remain on or in food, especially derivatives of chlorinated pesticides, exhibit bioaccumulation which could build up to harmful levels in the body as well as in the environment, persistent chemicals can be magnified through the food chain and have been detected in a wide range of products - Pesticide toxicity to bees> - Insecticides - Chemical herbicides since the early 20th century, a result of research conducted in both the UK and the USA during World War II into the potential use of agents as biological weapons
Genetic engineering: Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification - Genetically modified organism
EU's Scientific Committee on Health and Environmental Risks: Scientific Committee on Health and Environmental Risks, providing the European Commission with the scientific advice on questions relating to the toxicity and ecotoxicity of chemicals, biochemicals and biological compounds whose use may have harmful consequences for human health and the environment - European Food Safety Authority - Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety - Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks
2015: 23 March 2015: The UN’s International Agency for Research on Cancer says that three pesticides, the herbicide glyphosate – the active ingredient in USA's Monsanto's Roundup – and the insecticides malathion and diazinon, were 'probably' carcinogenic and two others, which have already been outlawed or restricted, were 'possibly' so
2016: 4 March 2016: Several brave EU countries including France, the Netherlands and Sweden could scupper plans by the European commission to approve the relicensing of a weedkiller glyphosate, a key ingredient in herbicides such as USA's Monsanto’s multibillion-dollar brand Roundup, linked to cancer by the World Health Organisation

Media and media freedom in Europe and the EU: European media
Media freedom in Europe - Media freedom, censorship and repression in Russia - Media freedom in the EU - Censorship in Europe - Since 2015 European Centre for Press and Media Freedom
Since the early 1990s assaults on journalists in Russia: Since the early 1990s assaults on journalists, denial of entry and deportation of foreign journalists in Russia
Since 2008 Media in Russia regulated by Roskomnadzor: Roskomnadzor 'Federal Service for Supervision of Communications, Information Technology and Mass Media' re-established in Russia in May 2008
2014/2015: 17 June 2014: Ukrainian lawmakers call on the International Federation of Journalists, the European Federation of Journalists, the Association of European Journalists, and the Reporters without Borders regarding the information aggression of the Russian media against Ukraine - 11 September 2015: A group of European newspaper editors, includign papers in Hungary and Slovakia, united in an appeal to the EU to take decisive action to deal with the international refugee crisis
October 2017 assassination of Caruana Galizia: 16 October 2017 assassination of Caruana Galizia - 16/17 October 2017: Maltese investigative journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia, who led the Panama Papers investigation into corruption in Malta, exposed the island nation’s links to offshore tax havens through the leaked Panama Papers, and who filed a police report two weeks ago saying she was receiving threats, was killed Monday when a bomb exploded in her car in Mosta
February 2018 murder of Slovak investigative journalist Ján Kuciak: February 2018 murder of Slovak investigative journalist Ján Kuciak and Martina Kušnírová - 28 February 2018: A vigil has been held in Slovakia for journalist Jan Kuciak whose death police believe is likely linked to his work as a reporter of the news website Aktuality.sk focused mainly on investigating tax fraud of businesspeople connected to Slovak politicians - 28 February 2018: Slovakian journalist Ján Kuciak was investigating political corruption linked to an Italian mafia group at the time of his murder, according to a summary of his 'last investigation' published on Wednesday
April 2018: 13 April 2018: Hungarian journalists admit role in forging anti-migrant 'atmosphere of fear' ahead of Victor Orbán’s election victory this week, as the 'Guardian' spoke to several employees of the taxpayer-funded MTVA network to hear the inside story of how its channels pumped out government messaging, and at times false stories, with the goal of winning support for Orban's anti-immigration message
August 2019 Monsanto's 'intelligence center' targeted journalists and activists: 8 August 2019: Monsanto operated a 'fusion center' to monitor and discredit journalists and activists, and targeted a reporter who wrote a critical book on the company, documents reveal, as records reviewed by the Guardian show Monsanto adopted a multi-pronged strategy to target Reuters journalist Carey Gillam who investigated the company’s weedkiller and its links to cancer
European newspapers: Newspapers in Europe
Broadcasting in Europe: Broadcasting in Europe - Radio in Europe - Television in Europe
Internet in Europe: Internet in Europe - European news websites
Since 2004 history of internet censorship in Russia: Internet censorship in Russia - Since 2004 history of internet censorship in Russia
August 2018: 3 August 2018: EU is to launch an EU-wide initiative to combat voter manipulation through social media, as concerns grow about the issue ahead of European parliament's elections 2019 and as EU'S justice commissioner Vera Jourová says national governments needed to coordinate their efforts to tackle fake news and the misuse of personal data in micro-targeted political advertising
Journalism in Europe: Journalism in Europe - European Federation of Journalists - Journalism organisations in Europe
Investigative journalism: Investigative journalism
Since 2003 Global Investigative Journalism Network GIJN: Since 2003 Global Investigative Journalism Network - GIJN website
Since 2006 Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project OCCRP: Since 2006 Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project - OCCRP website
Since 2010 Bureau of Investigative Journalism TBIJ: Since 2010 Bureau of Investigative Journalism
Since 2015 European Investigative Collaborations EIC: Since 2015 European Investigative Collaborations, investigative journalism work from European media Falter (Austria), Mediapart (France), El Mundo (Spain), Politiken (Denmark), Le Soir (Belgium), Der Spiegel (Germany), L'Espresso (Italy), NRC Handelsblad (Netherlands), Dagen Nyheter (Sweden), Nacional (Croatia), Expresso (Portugal), The Black Sea (Romania - European Investigative Collaborations EIC website
Since 2015 'Football Leaks': Since September 2015 'Football Leaks', revealing transfer fees, wages, contract and corruption information - Since 2015 'Football Leaks' website, initially created by Rui Pinto, and the largest leak in the history of sports revealing 'murky' financial transactions in the world of European professional football and exposes the tax tricks employed by some of the continent's biggest stars, refers to the series of investigations published in December 2016 and November 2018 by media partners of the European Investigative Collaborations
March 2019: 5 March 2019: Portuguese Rui Pinto, who was detained in Hungary on a European arrest warrant issued by Portuguese authorities and linked to the Football Leaks website, is set to be extradited to Portugal after spending time under house arrest in Hungary, a court said on Tuesday, a move his lawyers oppose as they defend him as a 'whistleblower' and not a criminal

Council of Europe: Council of Europe
Since 1949: Since 1949 Council of Europe treaties - Treaties entered into by the European Union
May 1949: May 1949 Statute of the Council of Europe creating the council, the original signatories were Belgium, Denmark, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and United Kingdom, as of 2013 it has been ratified or acceded to by 47 European states, nearly all European states with the exception of Belarus and Vatican City
1950: November 1950 European Convention on Human Rights
1961: October 1961 European Social Charter, the basic rights set out in the Charter are housing, health, education, labour rights, full employment, reduction of working hours, equal pay for equal work, parental leave, social security, social and legal protection from poverty and social exclusion, free movement of persons and non-discrimination, also the rights of migrant workers and that of the persons with disabilities
1979: September 1979 Berne Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats
2005: 2005 Council of Europe Convention on the Prevention of Terrorism, also into force since June 2007 in Albania, Bulgaria, Romania, Russia, Slovakia and Ukraine, as of July 2016 it has been ratified by 35 states - International conventions related to terrorism and counter-terrorism cases, including the 1971 Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Civil Aviation, the 1997 International Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings and the 1999 International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism
The Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe PACE made up of 324 parliamentarians from the national parliaments of the Council of Europe's 47 member states - Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe, the Council of Europe's decision-making body comprisiong the Foreign Affairs Ministers of the member states, in collaboration with the Parliamentary Assembly it is the guardian of the Council's fundamental values, and monitors member states' compliance with their undertakings
'Venice Commission' advisory body of the Council of Europe, composed of independent experts of constitutional law and created in 1990 after the fall of the Berlin wall, at a time of urgent need for constitutional assistance in Central and Eastern Europe
2014 Russia stripped of voting rights: 11 April 2014: Russian lawmakers stripped of voting rights at Council of Europe over Russian regime's annexation of Crimea - 6 May 2014: Ukraine dominates Council of Europe meeting, but Russian regime rules out holding a second international meeting in Geneva
May-September 2014: 12 May 2014: European Court of Human Rights orders Turkey to pay Cyprus over invasion - 24 July 2014: Poland broke human rights convention on suspects held by the CIA, ECHR finds for Abu Zubaydah and Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri, who argued they were tortured by USA agents in a Polish forest prison - 24 September 2014: Russia's FSB spy agency’s interception of data including texts and emails challenged by Russian journalist and now examined by European court of human rights
2015: 18 March 2015: PACE report highlights Russian orchestration of east Ukraine conflict
2016: 7 January 2016: Council of Europe urges Poland’s president not to sign controversial media law that threatens press freedom - 29 February 2016: 'Venice Commission' publishes a draft opinion on the state of law in Poland, with a warning that democracy might be in peril in the country
April 2016: 15 April 2016: European Council has stressed the need to re-open Crimea to regular monitoring to safeguard the human rights of 2.5 million people - 22 April 2016: The Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe calls for release of all prisoners in Donbas, punishment of those responsible
September 2016: 13 September 2016: Ukrainian side may suspend the membership in PACE if the powers of the Russian delegation are recognized, in spite of the illegitimate nature of the elections to the State Duma of Russia on the territory of annexed Crimea, Ukraine says
October 2016: 10 October 2016: The Council of Europe awards its Václav Havel human rights prize to the Iraqi activist Nadia Murad, who was an Islamic State terrorists' captive before becoming the face of a campaign to protect her Yazidi people - 12/13 October 2016: Russia claimed guilty by PACE resolution of aggression and responsible for crimes in occupied Ukrainian territories, also calling 'legal remedies for human rights violations on the Ukrainian territories outside the control of the Ukrainian authorities' - 14 octobre 2016: Un attaché parlementaire turc du Conseil de l'Europe et membre de du parti AKP du président Erdogan a vandalisé une œuvre d'art, une caricature représentant Mahomet avec une bombe à la place du turban, exposée au siège de l'organisation européenne à Strasbourg
January 2017: 27 January 2017: Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe condemns Russia for its terrorist activities in Ukraine, as 'the deputies of all PACE political groups, except the united left, have condemned the actions of the Russian special services aiming to assassinate member of the Parliament of Ukraine Anton Gerashchenko'
April 2017: 26 April 2017: Pace votes to restart monitoring Turkey putting the country back on a watchlist over 'serious concerns' about democracy and human rights, a process it had relaxed in 2004, putting pressure on the EU to reassess relations with Ankara
October 2017: 11 October 2017: PACE passes resolution to lift political sanctions against Russian regime, rejecting amendments proposed by the Ukrainian delegation
17 May 2019 Germany and France support Putin regime: 17 May 2019: Russia will remain in the Council of Europe after ministers at the human rights organisation, put under pressure by Germany and France, voted in favour of the Putin regime, pretending to end a bitter dispute following the illegal annexation of Crimea in 2014, remaining illegal in 2019, as Ukraine reacted angrily to the decision, saying 'this is not diplomacy, this is a surrender'
24 May 2019: 24 May 2019: The Council of Europe’s parliamentary assembly rejected the creation of a political grouping of anti-human-rights European parties as nationalist movements look to make gains in this week’s European Parliament elections
25 June 2019: 25 June 2019: Ukrainian president Zelensky says he is disappointed by the decision of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe PACE to reinstate the voting rights of the Russian Federation's delegation - 25 June 2019: Ukraine walks out of Europe human rights body as Russian regime returns
26 June 2019 and European corruption: 26 June 2019: Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe PACE is reportedly set to lift remaining sanctions from the murderous Russian regime after it became known that PACE committees had considered the question of the powers of Russia's delegation and recommended they should be reinstated with simultaneous cancellation of the remaining restrictions left after the Assembly passed a respective resolution, in order to get regime's contribution to the council’s annual budget, as Ukraine's Iryna Herashchenko said 'money turned out [to be] more important than principles'
October 2019 serious concerns about the police investigation into the killing of the Maltese journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia: 16 October 2019: Pieter Omtzigt, a special rapporteur for the Council of Europe, has raised serious concerns about the police investigation into the killing of the Maltese journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia, saying 'individual officers may be doing their best, but the approach of the police force as a whole, and of the politicians responsible for it, does not match the prime minister’s promise to leave no stone unturned'

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe OSCE: Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe OSCE - Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe - OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media - OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights
OSCE ministerial council meetings
2013: 20th OSCE Ministerial Council in Kyiv, Ukraine, 5/6 December 2013 - 5 décembre 2013: Lors du sommet à Kiev de l'OSCE Didier Burkhalter a appelé l'Ukraine à surmonter les divisions Est-Ouest et à respecter les manifestants
2014: 21 March 2014: OSCE to send observers to Ukraine as quickly as possible, Russian Putin regime says no Crimea mandate - 18 April: Ukraine OSCE peacemakers say they need more help and another 350 monitors to make Geneva deal work - 22 April: OSCE mission arrives in Sloviansk - 22 April: Antiterrorist center in Ukraine's east ensures work of OSCE mission - 24 April: OSCE chief monitor Apakan concerned about escalating violence in Donetsk region - 24 April: OSCE's Guldimann says Geneva accords helped stop escalation, confirming plans to increase the OSCE mission up to 500 monitors - 25 April: Ponomarev's pro-Russian separatists, who captured Vice journalist Simon Ostrovsky, hold OSCE military observers captive after their bus was seized - 3 May: All OSCE observers captured in Sloviansk released through joint efforts, FM Deshchytsia says adding that terrorists there are listening only to Russia - 7 May: At a meeting with OSCE Chairman Didier Burkhalter in Moscow, Putin calls on Ukrainian separatists to reschedule May 11 'referendum', adding that presidential elections in Ukraine, scheduled for May 25, are a step in the right direction - 27 May: The OSCE SMM loses contact with monitors near the city of Donetsk - 29 May: Pro-Russian separatists in Slovyansk claim to be holding four OSCE observers - 30 May: A second group of 5 OSCE observers went missing a day after pro-Russian separatists announced they were holding a four-member team of OSCE monitors - 12 June: OSCE wants to participate in negotiations with terrorists, as there is still no contact with kidnapped groups of observers in southeastern Ukraine - 13 June: The Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar people calls on UN, OSCE to protect civilians in Crimea - 27 June: Release from captivity of OSCE group of four observers confirmed but Luhansk-based team has not yet been released - 29 June: Pro-Russia separatists release second Ukraine OSCE monitor group - Trilateral Contact Group on Ukraine since June 2014
July-December 2014: 3 July: Trilateral contact group proposed to resume before July 5 to reach a ceasefire in eastern Ukraine, controlled by OSCE observers - 1 August: Trilateral contact group in Minsk agree on release of hostages in eastern Ukraine - 10 September: Donetsk region waiting for 250 more OSCE observers - 20 September: Memorandum on ceasefire in Donbas signed in Minsk, concerning a security zone and the withdrawal of all foreign mercenaries - 4 October: OSCE observers admit to carrying armed pro-Russian separatists in their car - 8 October: OSCE mission in eastern Ukraine expanded to 92 people - 27 October: OSCE praises democratic manner of elections and firmness of Ukrainians - 31 October: OSCE outraged at Russian actor Porechenkov's shooting in Donetsk at the positions of Ukrainian forces in a helmet with the inscription 'Press' - 8 December 2014: Ukrainian president Poroshenko urges OSCE to promote ceasefire in Donbas tomorrow - 26 December: Following the recent meeting in Minsk, OSCE vows to help deliver Ukrainian humanitarian aid to Donbas - 31 December: After meeting in Luhansk including OSCE no statements made
2015: 5 January 2015: OSCE doubles its mission in Donbas - 13 January: Situation in Donbas gets worse, OSCE says - 31 January: Situation in Donbas deteriorates rapidly impacting civilians, OSCE says - 1 February: OSCE blames pro-Russian separatists for failed Ukraine talks in Minsk - 15 February: Russian-backed militants refuse to allow monitors from the OSCE to reach the encircled town of Debaltseve after a ceasefire took effect on Sunday - 17 February: OSCE reports ceasefire is not holding fully in Donetsk city, Debaltseve and Luhansk - 17 February: OSCE observers not allowed inspecting 19 trucks from the so-called Russian 'humanitarian convoy' in Luhansk - 18 February: OSCE calls on Russian-backed militants to immediately stop offensive - 7 March: OSCE urged to double the number of its observers in Ukraine to 1,000 - 19 March: Poroshenko's peace plan should be used along with Minsk accords, OSCE says - 26 March: OSCE reported continuing clashes near the village of Shyrokyne east from Mariupol - 9 April: OSCE mission ascertains that Ukrainian side withdraws heavy weapons at all visited locations - 30 April: Trilateral Contact Group on Ukraine starts video conference, as Ukraine's Leonid Kuchma wants Minsk subgroups to start work soon - 4 May: Trilateral contact group may meet in Minsk on May 6 - 5 May: OSCE records nearly 700 explosions, using heavy mortars and machine guns, artillery and tanks, near Donetsk airport and Shyrokyne village during the past weekend - 6 May: The leaders of the so-called 'DPR' and the 'LPR' Zakharchenko and Plotnytsky have decided not to take part in the Trilateral Contact Group meeting in Minsk on 6 May - 7 May: In Minsk Trilateral Contact Group agreed to send observers from each subgroup to the contact line in Donbas - 7 May: OSCE observers have no access to checkpoints on border with Russia, also claiming that use of Grad multiple rocket launcher systems by Russian-backed militants is alarming - 8 May: Tripartite Contact Group agrees on four fundamental issues of further cooperation, Ukraine's Iryna Herashchenko says - 7 August: The Trilateral Contact Group on settlement of the situation in Donbas will meet in Minsk on 26 August, Ukraine's Iryna Herashchenko says - 9 August: Four OSCE cars destroyed in arson attack in militant-occupied Donetsk overnight - 13 August: OSCE at the Russian checkpoints of Gukovo and Donetsk reports that dumper trucks continue transporting coal from Donbas to Russia - 26 August 2015: Ukraine and representatives of Russian-led militant groups have tentatively agreed to abide by the ceasefire agreed in February starting on the beginning of the school year September 1 - 9 September: Trilateral Contact Group's working group on political issues will meet in Minsk on September 15-16, OSCE representative Martin Sajdik says - 24 September: The risk of new escalation in Donbas remains, OSCE says, as too many weapons remain in the territory - 30 September: Ukraine contact group agrees to pullback more weapons from the front line in Donbas, leaving Ukraine still not in control of its territory and border with Russia, as a 40th Russian truck convoy arrives in east Ukraine - 16 October 2015: British delegation to the OSCE requests the Russian delegation to explain the presence of Russian Buratino Multiple Rocket Launcher in militant-controlled area in Donbas - 19 November: The ceasefire situation in Ukraine's two war-torn regions remains unstable, according to OSCE
2016: 2 February 2016: Ukraine's military spokesmen accuse OSCE monitors of failing to respond to the increased number Russian-backed militant attacks - 22 March 2016: OSCE human rights chief raises concerns over Russian regime's Savchenko verdict, calling for release to Ukraine - 7 May 2016: OSCE monitors in Ukraine report the presence of seven T-72 tanks in the militant-occupied city of Luhansk, which is a violation of Minsk agreement - 11 May: Militant 'parades' in occupied territories in eastern Ukraine violate Minsk deal, OSCE says - 20 May: OSCE ready to send an armed police mission to help conduct elections in eastern Ukraine - 28 May: OSCE monitors to Ukraine's Ertugrul Apakan condemns violence against watchdog in east, after monitors came under fire and had a drone shot down - 2 June: Russian-backed separatists block OSCE from occupied Luhansk in eastern Ukraine - 2 June: OSCE's Martin Sajdik expresses concern about the shelling of the Special Monitoring Mission representatives working in Donbas and ceasefire violations which led to the military and civilian casualties - 25 June 2016: Monitors of the OSCE in Donbas are facing systemic obstacles to prevent them from carrying out their duties, which mostly occur in the areas not controlled by the Ukrainian authorities, OSCE says - 4 July 2016: OSCE slams Russia's violations of human rights in Crimea - 4 August 2016: OSCE's Hug says, that Minsk contact group ignores numerous ceasefire violations, promoting unpunishment - 16 September 2016: Minsk Group fails to agree on withdrawal of forces in Donbas as Ukraine categorically opposes the alteration of the demarcation line and changing Mink agreements to satisfy Russian proxies - 19 October 2016: OSCE monitor says most of restrictions are in separatist-held areas of eastern Ukraine, adding that 'impunity for violations and interference in the OSCE mandate is an open invitation to commit more', ahead of 'Normandy Four' meeting in Berlin to discuss the Minsk agreements - 11 November 2016: The conflict in eastern Ukraine is on the brink of a major escalation as the security situation deteriorated sharply over the past week, the OSCE warns - 18 November 2016: Triliteral contact group in Minsk discusses only modalities of the probable election in Russia-occupied Donbas, not a certain draft bill on it, Verkhovna Rada's Iryna Herashenko says, as OSCE warns about a possible attack on Mariupol, also reporting the biggest number of ceasefire violations along the frontline in Donbas in 2016 - 2 December 2016: Russia's deliberate escalation in Donbas makes Minsk ineffective, USA Ambassador Baer says
July 2017: 9 July 2017: OSCE PA condemns Russian aggression in Ukraine
April 2018: 2 April 2018: Ukraine reports three attacks on OSCE drones in Russian-occupied Donbas since Easter truce, one of the drones was downed near Miusynsk

Crime in Europe
Racism in Europe: Racism in Europe - 2015 Signatory countries of the United Nations 'International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination'
From the 15th through to the 19th centuries Portuguese, Spanish, British, Dutch and French Atlantic slave trade and slavery in their empires: From the 15th through to the 19th centuries Portuguese, Spanish, British, Dutch and French slavery in their empires and Atlantic slave trade across the Atlantic Ocean bringing millions of enslaved Africans from the central and western parts of Africa to the Americas to be sold at markets
1683 'code noir' and expelling of Jews by French colonial forces: In 1683, the Jews were expelled from Haiti and all of the other French colonies, due to the 'Code Noir', which not only restricted the activities of free black people, but forbade the exercise of any religion other than Roman Catholicism (it included a provision that all slaves must be baptized and instructed in the Roman Catholic religion), and in turn ordered all the Jews out of France's colonies
Since 1799 Napoleonic wars, war crimes and restoration of slavery: 1803–1815 Napoleonic Wars, total war, millions of Napoleonic wars casualties, leading to an ongoing period of reaction, including the restoration of slavery, nationalism and chauvinism worldwide
1802-1804 resistance to slavery, repression and French atrocities in Haiti: In 1802, when it became apparent that the French under Napoleonic rule intended to re-establish slavery in Haiti black cultivators revolted in the summer of 1802, Leclerc's successor Vicomte de Rochambeau fought an even more brutal campaign, waged a near-genocidal campaign against the Haitians, killing everyone who was black, importing about 15,000 attack dogs from Jamaica, who had been trained to savage blacks and mulattoes, also drowning blacks - In 2005 French historian Claude Ribbe accused Napoleon of having used sulphur dioxide gas for the mass execution of more than 100,000 rebellious black slaves when trying to put down slave rebellions in Saint-Domingue (now Haiti) and Guadeloupe, saying Napoleon was racist, instituted slavery, and was the first man in history that 'asked himself rationally the question how to eliminate, in as short a time as possible, and with a minimum of cost and personnel, a maximum of people described as scientifically inferior'
Since 1884 German colonial rule in Africa, forced labour under German rule during 1939-1945 World War II and German politics of extermination and starvation: 1884-1914 German colonial rule in Africa was an expression of nationalism highlighting racist views of mankind and characterized by the use of repressive violence - Forced labour under German rule during World War II - Extermination through labour - 'Hunger Plan' developed by Nazi Germany during World War II to seize food entailing the death by starvation of millions of Slavs following the 1941 invasion of the Soviet Union
2001 Durban conference acknowledgement of the slave trade and slavery as crime against humanity: 3 October 2001: The August/September 2001 anti-racism conference in Durban says that slave trade and slavery was and is 'a crime against humanity'
Since 2001/2006 France's recognition of slavery as a crime against humanity: On 10 May 2001, the French Senate adopted a law that recognized the trade of slaves as a crime against humanity, in 2006 May 10 was held to be a national date of commemoration of the abolition of slavery, a legislation resulting from Christiane Taubira's lifelong efforts to promote the historical and cultural heritage of French overseas territories
1933-2019: 1 March 2019: Former head of the British army Dannatt has called on the government to pay compensation to African veterans of the Axis powers' (German, Italian and Japanese empires) second world war who were paid three times less than their white counterparts, as black people in Nazi Germany since 1933 were considered to be an inferior race and, along with Romani people, were subject to the antisemitic and racial Nuremberg Laws under a supplementary decree
July 2019: 3 July 2019: Black MEP Magid Magid, who represents Yorkshire and the Humber for the Green party, and former lord mayor of Sheffield, claims he was asked to leave the European parliament building in Strasbourg by an official on his first day
Antisemitism in Europe: Antisemitism in Europe - Timeline of antisemitism - Holocaust denial in the European Union
Since the Middle Ages: Anti-Semitism in Europe became increasingly prevalent in the Late Middle Ages - 23 February 2015: From Notre Dame to Wittenberg, in Europe the fine art of anti-Semitism is on public display at many of the continent’s most visited landmarks
15th-19th century 'Limpieza de sangre': 15th-19th century 'Limpieza de sangre' racist legislation, referred to those who were considered pure 'Old Christians', without recent Muslim or Jewish ancestors, or within the context of the empire (New Spain and Portuguese India) usually to those without ancestry from the Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Asia, or Africa
1492-1968 Alhambra Decree against Jews and Spanish Inquisition: Alhambra Decree 1492-1968 - Spanish Inquisition 1478-1834
Nineteenth, twentieth and twenty-first century: History of antisemitism in the 19th, 20th and 21th century
1938-1945 antisemitism in Germany and the Holocaust in Germany and German occupied Europe and North Africa: Since the middle ages antisemitism in Germany and the Holocaust in Germany and German occupied Europe 1938-1945 - The Holocaust in Germany, also referred to as the Shoah, was a genocide in which some six million European Jews were killed by Adolf Hitler's Nazi Germany, and the World War II collaborators with the Nazis, also outside Europe under Axis occupation, in North Africa's 'Italian Libya', in Tunisia under Vichy-France rule etc. - The Holocaust by country
Since 1939 Jewish Archive in Francoist Spain: Jewish Archive in Francoist Spain 1939-1975 - instructions of the Francoist 'Directorate of General Security' the provincial governors of Spain assembled records of all Jews who lived in Spain, whether or not they were Spanish, recording 6,000 Jews living in Spain, that were handed to Heinrich Himmler's SS in Germany in 1941 and were included in Adolf Eichmann's Jewish Population Census, tabled at the Wannsee Conference, chaired by Reinhard Heydrich, in January 1942
Since 1938 Jewish resistance in German-occupied Europe: Jewish resistance in German-occupied Europe - Jewish resistance in German-occupied Europe by country
2014/2015: 22 July 2014: After anti-Semitic protests and violence in their countries over the conflict in Gaza three EU foreign ministers pledge to fight 'acts and statements that cross the line to anti-Semitism' - 26 July 2014: European anti-Semitism is focus as Jewish groups, senators meet in Washington - 7 August 2014: Antisemitism on rise across Europe as attacks go beyond Israel-Palestinian conflict, experts say - 16 January 2015: European Jewish Congress demands that the EU ramp up it’s efforts to protect its Jewish citizens - 25 January 2015: Jewish leaders call for Europe-wide legislation outlawing antisemitism - 27 January 2015: Steven Spielberg raises alarm on persistent and surged anti-Semitism in Krakow speech
April 2018: 11 April 2018: Feelings of insecurity are widespread among European Jews as a result of the resurgence of the extreme right, a heated anti-Zionist discourse on the left and radical Islam, according to a global study of antisemitism
May 2018: 14 May 2018: After the German Nazis adopted the phrase 'The Jews are our misfortune', in 2018 a banner with the colors of the Israeli flag that said 'The state Israel is our misfortune' was held by neo-Nazis in Dortmund, expressing their alleged solidarity with Palestinians by waving PLO flags against both the opening of the USA embassy in Jerusalem and the founding of the State of Israel, as EU foreign policy chief appears to side with anti-Semitic Iranian regime
30 May 2018: In Italy, poll indicates, 25% 'unwilling’ to have a Jew in the family, in Britain 23%, in Austria 21%, in Germany 19%, and the mostly Catholic nations of Spain, Portugal and Ireland also had high non-acceptance levels at 13, 18 and 18 percent, respectively
November 2018: 27 November 2018: More than a quarter of respondents believe Jews have too much influence in business and finance, while over a third say they have no substantial knowledge of the Holocaust, a recent CNN poll conducted in seven European countries - Austria, Britain, France, Germany, Hungary, Poland and Sweden - found
January 2019: 23 January 2019: The EU had given more than €5 million to at least 10 NGOs that promote boycotts against Israel, saying the EU insists it will defend 'free speech' after Israeli urged the EU to make any financial aid to NGOs contingent on an explicit commitment to opposing boycotts of Israel
27 January 2019: 27 January 2019: After in December 2018 a major European report found nearly 90% (56-95% depending on country) of European Jews feel that anti-Semitism has increased in their home countries over the past five years, and almost 30% say they have been harassed at least once in the past year, 12% of respondents maintain the scale of the Holocaust genocide is inflated, 12% of respondents maintain the scale of the genocide is inflated12% of respondents maintain the scale of the genocide is inflated, UK survey says, and common anti-Semitic statements are related to comparisons between Israelis and the Nazis with regard to the Palestinians and suggestions that Jews 'exploit Holocaust victimhood for their own purposes'
February 2019, increase in anti-Semitic incidents in 2018: 13 February 2019: After France and UK, Germany reports increase in anti-Semitic incidents in 2018, as the number of anti-Semitic crimes increased from 1,504 in 2017 to 1,646, with the number of cases considered violent almost doubling
March 2019: 7 March 2019: Aalst's Vismooil’n group behind anti-Semitic carnival float at Belgium’s most celebrated carnival, added in 2010 to UNESCO’s list of events, and mayor Christoph D’Haese are not sorry, as Pascal Soleme calls the float, which featured anti-Semitic depictions of Jews with money bags and rats, a 'celebration of humor', saying 'people who got offended live in the past'
22 November 2019 Church of England report admits Christian anti-Semitism helped lead to Holocaust: 22 November 2019: In a major report the Church of England admitted that centuries of Christian anti-Semitism helped lead to the Holocaust, as England’s established church cited 'the attribution of collective guilt to the Jewish people for the death of Christ and the consequent interpretation of their suffering as collective punishment sent by God' as being among the ideas that 'contributed to fostering the passive acquiescence if not positive support of many Christians in actions that led to the Holocaust'
Nationalism and fascism in Europe: Nationalism in Europe - Nationalist movements in Europe - White nationalism in Europe - White supremacy in Europe - Fascism in Europe - Nazi parties by country
20th-century National Socialism (Nazism) in Germany and collaborating states: National Socialism, also commonly known as Nazism, is the ideology and set of practices associated with the 20th-century German Nazi Party, Nazi Germany, and collaborating organizations and states - Italian Fascism - Austrofascism - Fascism in Spain
Nationalist, racist and fascist parties and politics in Europe: List of active nationalist parties in Europe - List of nationalist organizations - List of far-right political parties by country - List of fascist movements by country - Right-wing populism and political parties by country - Far-right politics in different countries
Since 1945 white nationalist, racist and fascist organizations in Germany: List of white nationalist organizations in Germany - Neo-Nazism in Germany and Europe
Since 1945 Neo-Nazism in Germany: Neo-Nazism in Germany - Neo-Nazism by continent
Neo-Nazism in Europe: Neo-Nazism in Europe
2004-2009 'European National Front': 2004-2009 'European National Front' coordinating structure of European nationalist parties, including National Democratic Party of Germany
2015: 21 March 2015: EU far-right parties set to gather in St. Petersburg for Russian forum, as Russian regime courts EU far-right, neo-Nazi movements
2016: 24 June 2016: UK vote sparks EU referendum demands of anti-immigration and racist parties
2017: 21 January 2017: Far-right party leaders from France, Germany, Italy and the Netherlands meet in the German city of Koblenz on Saturday to present their vision for Europe that would dismantle the European Union - 4 June 2017: Far right raises £50,000 to target boats on refugee rescue missions in Mediterranean - 7/8 September 2017: Invited by German AfD's von Storch, who called on European border guards to use firearms to deter illegal immigrants, including women and children, and speaking at Berlin's Spandau Citadel British promoter of 'Brexit' Nigel Farage receives a standing ovation from German neo-Nazi linked AfD party, as he whipped up anti-EU sentiment
March 2018: 5 March 2018: Russian networks worked to boost xenophobic and neo-fascist discourse in Italy ahead of elections, according to Spanish newspaper 'El País'
26 March 2018: French to charge two men with anti-Semitic murder of 85-year-old Holocaust survivor Mireille Knoll who had managed as a child to evade the notorious 1942 roundup of over 13,000 Jews in Paris during World War II, as fewer than 100 of those who were detained at the so-called Vel d’Hiv cycling track and then sent to the Nazi-Germany's death camps survived - 27 March 2018: Family members of Mireille Knoll, who was stabbed to death and set on fire in her Paris apartment, told Israeli media she had known one of her assailants, a Muslim neighbor, since he was seven years old, as police admits that Mireille Knoll had previously called police and complained that the neighbor had threatened to kill her
June 2018 Neonazis in Volgograd: 21 June 2018: English football supporters have caused outrage by singing an anti-Semitic song and throwing Nazi salutes in a local pub before England's World Cup match in Volgograd, where more than a million Soviet soldiers died to stop the German assault since 1941, 75 or 77 years ago
June 2018 Nazi Heinrich Himmler's daughter employed by BND: 29 June 2018: Germany’s foreign intelligence service BND employed the daughter of top Nazi Heinrich Himmler in the early 1960s, although she never renounced her father or Nazism, remained active in far-right extremism all her life, fought to defend her father’s reputation and aided in the defense of SS members and Nazi war criminals
April 2019: 19 April 2019: The World Jewish Congress urges European governments and lawmakers to take measures against a series of planned neo-Nazi gatherings over the weekend to mark Adolf Hitler’s birthday, saying events were scheduled across the continent, including a two-day conference by a fascist group in Bulgarian capital Sofia, a hiking and picnic trip in Ukraine, a rock concert in Italy, two conventions in Germany and a handful of gatherings in France
17-20 July 2019 neo-Nazis weapons cache in Italy: 17 July 2019: Italian police seized an air-to-air missile, machine guns and rocket launchers from neo-Nazis during raids sparked by an investigation into Italians who took part in the Russian-backed insurgency in eastern Ukraine, a huge haul of weapons that authorities said was almost without precedent - 20 juillet 2019: L'enquête sur l'arsenal néonazi s'étend à la Suisse
1 September 2019 neo-Nazi linked German AfD party make big gains: 4 September 2019: Anti-immigration and neo-Nazi linked AfD, the third-biggest party in the 2017 German general election, main opposition, and able to mobilise several hundred thousand people who had never voted before, overtakes German Left, Greens and SPD in Saxony and German CDU, Greens and Left in Brandenburg in state elections
7/8 September 2019 CDU, SPD and FDP elected neo-Nazi to head local authority: 8 September 2019: All representatives, including representatives of the CDU, SPD and FDP, of the Ortsbeirat of Altenstadt-Waldsiedlung had voted neo-Nazi Deputy NPD state chairman Stefan Jagsch as their head
Pan-European nationalism: Pan-European nationalism - Nationalisme européen - List of nationalist organizations
Since 2002: 'Le Bloc identitaire – Le mouvement social européen' ist ein Zusammenschluss von regionalen Gruppen in Frankreich und benachbarten frankophonen Regionen wie der Romandie und der Wallonie seit 2002, um eine angebliche 'europäische Identität' gegen kulturelle 'Überfremdung' etwa durch muslimische Einwanderung zu verteidigen
'Mouvance identitaire' en Europe, des groupes qui se proclament également identitaires, tels que l'Identitäre Bewegung en Allemagne, partiellement reliée à 'Pegida', et en Autriche, qui se réclame de la mouvance identitaire, ou 'Nordiska Förbundet' en Scandinavie, 'Causa Identitária' au Portugal, 'l’Union Nationaliste & Identitaire Suisse', Génération Identitaires Flandre et Mouvement Nation en Belgique, en Italie
Use of chemical weapons in Europe, since 1899 prohibited under the Hague Convention: Use of chemical weapons by country and in Europe, since 1899 prohibited under the Hague Convention
Since 1914 Germany's use of chemical weapons: Chemical warfare, following Germany's earliest uses of chemical weapons in October 1914, when shells containing the irritant dianisidine chlorosulfonate were fired at British troops near Neuve-Chapelle in France
Since 1939 during World War II use of poison gas by Nazi Germany: Since 1939 during World War II millions of Jews and other victims were gassed by Nazi Germany with carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide (including Zyklon B), remaining the deadliest use of poison gas in history
March 2018 'novichok' poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal: 4 March 2018 poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal with a 'novichok' nerve agent
June 2018 Amesbury 'novichok' poisonings: 30 June 2018 Amesbury poisonings with a 'novichok' nerve agent of the same kind used in the poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal in Salisbury
September 2018: 5/6 September 2018: Two Russian nationals Alexander Petrov and Ruslan Boshirov named and charged by British police and prosecutors over the novichok poisoning of Sergei and Julia Skripal in March in Salisbury, as Britain to lay out case against Russian regime at UN with PM Theresa May saying suspects were GRU officers, pointing to Putin, explicitly blamed by security minister Ben Wallace - 6 September 2018: Russia has come under a sustained barrage of almost universal condemnation as nations lined up at the UN security council to decry its role in the Salisbury chemical weapons attacks - 7 September 2018: Sergei Skripal, poisoned in Britain with 'novichok' nerve agent, appears to have been working in recent years with intelligence officers in Spain, a country locked in a pitched battle with Russian organized crime groups, some with ties to the Russian government
Terrorism in Europe and in the EU: Terrorism in Europe - Terrorism in the European Union - Reactions to terrorist attacks
Nationalist, fascist, nazi and neo-nazi terrorism in Europe: Nationalist, fascist, nazi and neo-nazi terrorism in Europe - Nationalist terrorism in Europe - Far-right politics in different countries - Terrorism in Europe by country
Since August 1914 German 'strategic' bombing during World War I and later: Since August 1914 German 'strategic' bombing during World War I - April 1937 bombing of Guernica, an aerial bombing of the Basque town of Guernica carried out by Franco's allies, the Nazi German Luftwaffe's Condor Legion and the Fascist Italian Aviazione Legionaria, causing hundreds of civilian victims - World War II 'strategic' bombing conducted by Germany
Islamic terrorism in Europe 2014–present
March 2012 Toulouse and Montauban terror attacks: 11-22 March 2012 Toulouse and Montauban terror attacks committed by Mohammed Mera, targeting French Army soldiers and children and a teacher from a Jewish school in the cities of Montauban and Toulouse
May 2014 Jewish Museum of Belgium shooting: 24 May 2014 Jewish Museum of Belgium shooting
January 2015 Charlie Hebdo and Hypercacher Kosher Supermarket terror attack in Paris: January 2015 Charlie Hebdo terror attack in Paris - January 2015 Hypercacher Kosher Supermarket siege and terror attack in Paris - January 2015 Île-de-France attacks - January 2015 killing of police officer Clarissa Jean-Philippe in Paris
International reactions to the January 2015 Charlie Hebdo shooting - 17 January 2015: Europe on high alert following anti-terror raids and arrests of suspected Islamist militants - 19 January: Manhunts, death threats as Europe on high terror alert
13/14 November 2015 Paris attacks: 13/14 November 2015 Paris attacks, a series of shootings and explosions in and around Paris - 13/14 novembre 2015: Sept attaques à Paris font plus d'une centaine de morts - 13/14 novembre 2015: Attentats du 13 novembre 2015 en Île-de-France, réactions internationales
March 2016 Brussels bombings: 22 March 2016 Brussels bombings, three explosions occurred in Brussels, two of which were at the Brussels Airport and one on the metro system - 23 March: After attacks at Zaventem airport and Maelbeek metro station in Brussels killed at least 31 people and injured up to 230, el-Bakraoui brothers named as 'Islamic State' suicide bombers - 25 March: Following suicide bombings in Brussels, some arrests linked to suspected wider network that plans, planned and asssisted terror attacks made in French and Belgian police raids
14 July 2016 terrorist attack in Nice: 14 July 2016 terrorist attack in Nice - 15 July 2016: 84 people were killed and about 100 more injured when armed Tunisian Mohamed Lahouaiej-Bouhlel drove a truck at full speed into a crowd who had gathered to watch the Bastille Day fireworks in Nice - 21 juillet 2016: L'enquête sur la tuerie du 14-juillet à Nice révèle une préparation ancienne et des complicités multiples
December 2016 Berlin Christmas market truck attack: 19 December 2016 Berlin Christmas market truck attack
March 2017: 22 March 2017 terrorist attack on Westminster Bridge, in Parliament Square and within the grounds of the Palace of Westminster in central London
April 2017: Attentat du 20 avril 2017, sur l'avenue des Champs-Élysées à Paris Karim Cheurfi, né le 31 décembre 1977 à Livry-Gargan, armé d'une kalachnikov tire sur un fourgon de policiers, tuant un de ces derniers en blessant deux autres et touchant une passante, avant d'être abattu
May 2017: 22 May 2017 Manchester Arena bombing - 23 May 2017: More than twenty people, including children, were killed and dozens injured when a man detonated a bomb at a pop concert by USA's Ariana Grande
June 2017: 3 June 2017 London attacks - 4 June 2017: The three assailants who killed seven people and injured over 40 others, reportedly shouting 'this is for Allah', in a terror attack were shot dead by British police within eight minutes of the stabbing and car-ramming spree in London, UK's general election campaigning suspended
August 2017 Barcelona vehicle-ramming attack: 17 August 2017 Barcelona vehicle-ramming attack, when a van was driven into pedestrians in Las Ramblas, killing 13 and injuring at least 100 - Domestic and international reactions to the 2017 Barcelona attack
August 2019 alleged 1980s agreement between French authorities and the Abu Nidal terror organization: 10 August 2019: After an alleged agreement between French authorities and the Abu Nidal terror organization in the 1980s following the 1982 anti-Semitic terror attack in Paris's Jewish quarter, established that authorities would not arrest the organization's members as long as it refrained from committing attacks on French soil, the agreement paid off in the form of quiet for a few years, while the group continued to commit attacks in Italy, Austria, and Greece, killing and wounding hundreds of people in dozens of countries, including plane hijackings, shootings in a synagogue and in embassies
Organized crime in Europe: Organized crime groups in Europe - Gangs in Europe - Organized crime by nation - People murdered by organized crime
2015: 7 August 2015: Five men charged with murder of 200 migrants in Mediterranean who died when the boat they were travelling to Europe on capsized
2017: 16 October 2017 Murder of Daphne Caruana Galizia
2018: 22/25 February 2018 Murder of Ján Kuciak - 9 March 2018: Protests in Slovakia and Europe against sleaze in public life following the murder of journalist Ján Kuciak, calling for foreign experts to join the team investigating the killings
December 2018: 5 décembre 2018: Quelque 90 personnes appartenant à la 'Ndrangheta, la mafia calabraise, ont été arrêtées mercredi matin lors d'un vaste coup de filet international dans plusieurs pays d'Europe et d'Amérique latine, selon la police italienne
Corruption in Europe and the European Union: Corruption in Europe - Perception of corruption in Europe
2015: 15 April 2015: Lack of control over lobbyists threatens to undermine European democracies, Transparency International says calling for tight new regulation
2016: 22 April 2016: The Isle of Man and Gibraltar among a group of 22 jurisdictions that signed up to a new information-sharing initiative of Europe’s five largest economies Germany, Britain, France, Italy and Spain in response to 'Panama Papers' revelations, to tackle criminals that use corporate secrecy to hide corruption, money laundering and tax evasion
Since 17 May 2019 'Ibiza affair': Since 17 May 2019 Ibiza affair, an ongoing political scandal in Austria involving FPÖ's Heinz-Christian Strache, the Vice-Chancellor of Austria, FPÖ's Johann Gudenus and both the Austrian Freedom Party and Austria's political landscape in general - 20 May 2019: Politicians from political parties across Europe have called on voters to shun the neo-Nazi linked polical organisations in this week’s European elections after Austria’s vice-chancellor resigned over a video sting that showed him offering public contracts in exchange for financial and campaign backing
EU bi-annual Anti-Corruption Report: EU bi-annual Anti-Corruption Report - 3 February 2014: The true cost of corruption in the EU is at least 120bn euros annually, the Home Affairs Commissioner Cecilia Malmstrom says presenting the first EU-wide anti-corruption report
Corruption in the Media: Overview of Corruption in the Media - 16 March 2015: Corruption in the media is killing ethical journalism, European Federation of Journalists EJN says - 17 March 2015: The conflict of interest between advertiser power and journalism revealed by Peter Oborne, who walked out of Britain's Daily Telegraph accusing the management of censoring stories about HSBC bank and tax evasion, is just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to corruption inside media
White collar crime, tax evasion, tax avoidance, money laundering, fraud etc. in Europe: Fraud in the European Union - White-collar criminals by nationality
2013: 4 February 2013: European police said Monday that they had uncovered a vast criminal network involved in fixing hundreds of matches, including Champions League and World Cup qualifiers - 2013 European horse meat contamination scandal - 21 février 2013: La viande chevaline en lieu et place du bœuf déjà décelée en 2003, pour Eurofins le scandale actuel n’est pas une surprise
2015: 20 May 2015: Regulators announce penalties against British Barclays, JP Morgan, Citigroup, Royal Bank of Scotland, Switzerland's UBS and USA's Bank of America Merrill Lynch, called 'the cartel', for manipulating the foreign exchange markets 2007-2013
2016: 18 August 2016: The President of European Olympic Committees and Olympic Committee of Ireland Patrick Hickey arrested for illegal tickets sale in Rio de Janeiro, at least six more persons could be involved in the plot
July 2017: 25 July 2017: Almost 40% of corporate investments channelled away from authorities and into tax havens travel through the UK or the Netherlands, according to a study of researchers at the University of Amsterdam, showing the importance of developed countries cleaning up their financial sectors
September 2018: 20 September 2018: The European commission has described the €200bn money-laundering case at Denmark’s Danske Bank as 'the biggest scandal' in Europe, after Danske Bank's Borgen has resigned admitting that the vast majority of €200bn flowing through its Estonian branch was money-laundered cash flowing illegally out of Russia, the UK and the British Virgin Islands
November 2019 12 EU countries blocked a proposed new rule against tax avoidance: 28 November 2019: Twelve EU countries, Ireland, Luxembourg and Malta, have blocked a proposed new rule that would have forced multinational companies to reveal how much profit they make and how little tax they pay in each of the 28 member states
Women's rights and abuse of women in Europe: Women in Europe - Women's rights in Europe - 6 March 2014: FRA report reveals extensive abuse of women in European Union
Human trafficking in Europe: Human trafficking in Europe - Human trafficking by country
Drugs and illegal drug trade in Europe: Drugs by country - Illegal drug trade and international drug routes - Since February 2004 European law on drug precursors
Drugs and doping cases in sport in Europe: Drugs in sport by country - Sportspeople in doping cases by nationality
July 2019 anti-doping police operation: 9 July 2019: A Europe-wide police operation has led to the seizure of tons of steroids, 234 arrests, the dismantling of 17 crime groups and the closure of nine underground labs
European Union, global and mass surveillance, abuse and crimes: European Union, global and mass surveillance, abuse and crimes - Global surveillance can be traced back to the middle of the 20th century and the United Kingdom/USA Agreement, later expanded to create the 'Five Eyes alliance' - Global surveillance disclosures 2013–present
2015: 30 April 2015: EU's Jean-Claude Juncker expects that German government gets to the bottom of Brussels spy scandal after Germany reportedly snooped on the EU and France at Washington's behest
Police brutality and torture in Europe: Police brutality in Europe - Torture in Europe
2016: 3 November 2016: European migration policies have led to the alleged torture, abuse and illegal deportation of asylum seekers arriving by boat to Italy, according to dozens of migrant testimonies published for the first time

Law in Europe: Law in Europe and by country
Courts in Europe: Courts in Europe
Law enforcement in Europe: Law enforcement in Europe - Law enforcement agencies in Europe
Europol: Since 1998 Europol, the law enforcement agency of the EU to handle criminal intelligence and combat serious international organised crime and terrorism through cooperation between competent authorities of EU member states - Since 2002 European Confederation of Police, the umbrella organization of 33 trade unions from 26 European countries, which represent a total of more than 500,000 police officers, as its goals include enhancing the efficiency of police work under democratic control, the creation of norms for the qualifications of police employees, the preservation of the civil status of police officers, and the prevention of the privatization of police duties - Since 2002 Eurojust, an agency of the EU dealing with judicial co-operation in criminal matters among agencies of the member states, seated in The Hague
July 2019 anti-doping police operation: 8 July 2019: 3.8 million doping substances and fake medicines seized worldwide, according to Europol, saying 17 organised crime groups involved in the trafficking of counterfeit medicines and doping material dismantled as 33 countries, Interpol, the Joint Research Centre, the European Anti-Fraud Office, the World Anti-Doping Agency joined forces in the Europol-coordinated operation 'Viribus' for a massive crackdown on the trafficking of doping materials and counterfeit medicines - 9 July 2019: A Europe-wide police operation has led to the seizure of tons of steroids, 234 arrests, the dismantling of 17 crime groups and the closure of nine underground labs, in the largest operation of its kind ever conducted

Environment of Europe: Environment of Europe - Environment of the European Union
Air pollution in the EU: Air pollution in the European Union - Air quality and EU legislation
September 2018: 11 September 2018: Air pollution is now 'the biggest environmental risk' to public health in Europe but governments are failing to adequately deal with the crisis, the EU Court of Auditors has found
February 2019: 19 February 2019: Majority of European firms have no CO2 reduction targets and only one in three firms have climate goals set to go beyond 2025, report finds
March 2019: 12 March 2019: The number of early deaths caused by air pollution is double previous estimates, and dirty air is killing 800,000 people a year in Europe, according to new research, published in the European Heart Journal, urging the phasing out of fossil fuel burning
October 2019 little progress on tackling air quality in Europe: 16 October 2019: Little progress has been made on tackling air quality in Europe despite public outcry in many countries, according to European Environment Agency research that found levels of fine particulate matter stalled after decades of reductions
December 2019 despite the scale of shipping emissions they are not part of European emissions reduction targets: 9 December 2019: Greenhouse gas emissions from shipping equal the carbon footprint of a quarter of passenger cars in Europe and stand in the way of countries meeting the Paris agreement, new analysis reveals, but despite the scale of shipping emissions from both container and cruise ships in Europe, they are not part of European emissions reduction targets
Climate and climate change in Europe: Climate of Europe - Climate change in Europe
August 2017: 4 August 2017: Deaths from weather disasters could increase 50-fold in Europe by the start of the next century if no action is taken to reduce greenhouse gas emissions or protect citizens, researchers are warning
July 2019: 25 July 2019: Climate crisis blamed as temperature records broken in three EU nations
Water in Europe: Water in Europe - Rivers in Europe - Water supply and sanitation in the European Union
August 2018: 2 August 2018: Freshwater fish are suffocating in rivers across Europe during the heatwave
Environmental issues by country: Environmental issues by country
Since 2014 diesel emissions scandal: Since 2014 International diesel emissions scandal, raising awareness over the high levels of pollution being emitted by diesel vehicles built by a wide range of carmakers, including BMW, Citroen, Fiat, Ford, Hyundai, Jeep, Mazda, Mercedes, Peugeot, Renault, Volkswagen group and Volvo - 28 February 2018: 'Dieselgate' - a timeline of Germany's car emissions fraud scandal
2016: 8 December 2016: Amid mounting frustration in Brussels over what EU officials see as governments colluding with the powerful car industry, the European Commission is wielding its biggest available stick in an attempt to force nations to clamp down on diesel cars spewing health-harming nitrogen oxide pollution
2017: 15 May 2017: The global human health impact of the diesel emissions scandal has been revealed by new research showing a minimum of 38,000 people a year die early due to the failure of diesel vehicles to meet official limits in real driving conditions, as most of the deaths are in Europe, where highly polluting cars are the main culprit, and in China and India
February 2018: 22 February 2018: 'We can't just stop breathing', a global scandal, made in Germany
May 2018: 4 May 2018: Former VW boss Winterkorn can avoid USA jail by staying in Germany, after indictment says that Winterkorn conspired with other VW employees to defraud the USA, commit wire fraud, and violate the country's Clean Air Act - 17 May 2018: The European Commission sent six countries, including Germany, France and the UK, to Europe’s highest court ECJ for breaching EU standards for nitrogen dioxide limits and for failing to meet EU air quality standards, in a long-running process of crimes, denials and shady tricks
September 2018: 17 September 2018: Three years after the Dieselgate scandal erupted, number of highly polluting diesel vehicles pumping out toxic emissions on Europe’s streets still growing and has risen to 43 million - 19 September 2018: EU probes German car makers including BMW, Daimler, Volkswagen and Audi for suspected collusion to cheat emission tests
November 2018: 27 November 2018: Air pollution from roads causes at least €70bn in health damage every year in the EU, with diesel fumes responsible for three-quarters of the harm, according to a new report, finding the vast majority of the costs were borne by taxpayers through government-funded health services
Waste in Europe: Waste in Europe - Waste in the European Union
Food waste in the European Union: Food waste in the European Union
2016: 13 July 2016: Action to cut food waste gains momentum across Europe, after France’s ban on supermarkets throwing away unwanted food has led to greater calls for laws on food waste
Pesticides, chemical herbicides in the European Union: Pesticides in the European Union - Environmental impact of pesticides - Health effects of pesticides (non-Hodgkin lymphoma, leukemia, neurological problems, birth defects, fetal death, neurodevelopmental disorder and more) may be acute or delayed in those who are exposed - Pesticide residue refers to chemicals and pesticides that may remain on or in food, especially derivatives of chlorinated pesticides, exhibit bioaccumulation which could build up to harmful levels in the body as well as in the environment, persistent chemicals can be magnified through the food chain and have been detected in a wide range of products - Pesticide toxicity to bees> - Insecticides - Chemical herbicides since the early 20th century, a result of research conducted in both the UK and the USA during World War II into the potential use of agents as biological weapons
2017 Egg contamination scandal: July/August 2017 Egg contamination scandal in EU's Netherlands, Belgium and Germany - 3 August 2017: Millions of eggs are being recalled from shops and warehouses in Germany, the Netherlands and Belgium after they were found to contain high levels of a toxic insecticide banned from use in the production of food for human consumption - 12 August 2017: Scandal involving eggs contaminated with insecticide spread to 15 EU countries, Switzerland and as far away as Hong Kong, as the European Commission calls for a special meeting on the growing crisis
Genetic engineering: Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification - Genetically modified organism
Environmental policy of the European Union: Environmental policy of the European Union
2000: December 2000 Water Framework Directive, EU directive which commits European Union member states to achieve good qualitative and quantitative status of all water bodies
2015: 28 October 2015: EU caves in to auto industry pressure for weak emissions limits and test procedure, which will allow car manufactures to emit more than twice legal limit of NOx
2017: 6 January 2016: New European data reveal that modern diesel cars produce 10 times more toxic air pollution than heavy trucks and buses, due to the much stricter testing applied to large vehicles in the EU, according to the researchers behind the report
May 2018: 17 May 2018: Paris, Brussels, Madrid, suffering from high levels of dangerous nitrogen oxides emmissions caused in part by diesel vehicles, seek to annul EU legislation that eased car emmission limits
December 2019 despite the scale of shipping emissions they are not part of European emissions reduction targets: 9 December 2019: Greenhouse gas emissions from shipping equal the carbon footprint of a quarter of passenger cars in Europe and stand in the way of countries meeting the Paris agreement, new analysis reveals, but despite the scale of shipping emissions from both container and cruise ships in Europe, especially France, Germany, UK, Spain, Sweden and Finland, they are not part of European emissions reduction targets
European Climate Change Programme: European Climate Change Programme

Natural disasters in Europe
European windstorms: European windstorms
2007 Kyrill storm: Kyrill (storm) 2007
2013 St. Jude storm, Cyclone Bodil and Orkan Dirk: St. Jude storm October 2013 - Cyclone Bodil December 2013 - 5 December 2013: European storm turns deadly, threatens huge tidal surge - Orkan Dirk 23. - 25. Dezember 2013
October 2017 Hurricane Ophelia: October 2017 Hurricane Ophelia
October 2017 storm Herwart: Oktober 2017 Sturmtief Herwart - 30 October 2017: At least six people have died in Germany, Poland and the Czech Republic as a result of storm Herwart, while fallen trees and damage to railway lines have left thousands of travellers stranded
2017–2018 UK and Ireland windstorm season: 2017–2018 UK and Ireland windstorm season - January 2018 Storm Eleanor
2017–2018 Western Europe windstorm season: 2017–2018 Western Europe windstorm season - 3 janvier 2018: La tempête Eleanor (Burglind), quatrième de la saison, a causé plusieurs accidents, tuant une personne en France et perturbant le trafic - 18. Januar 2018 Sturmtief Friederike - 19 January 2018: Deadly gales halt trains and flights across north-west Europe
2018–19 European windstorm season: 2018–19 European windstorm season since September 2018
22 December 2019 storms Elsa and Fabien: 22 December 2019: Storms Elsa and Fabien leave nine people dead across Europe, namely in Spain, Portugal and France, as the region braced for more violent winds and heavy rain
Floods in Europe: Floods in Europe
2002 European floods: 2002 European floods
2005 European floods: 2005 European floods
2009 European floods: 2009 European floods
2010 Central European floods: 2010 Central European floods
2011 European floods: 2011 European floods
2013 European floods: 2013 European floods - 3 juin 2013: Des inondations et des glissements de terrain provoqués par des pluies diluviennes dans plusieurs pays d'Europe ont fait quatre morts et au moins huit disparus, et des centaines de personnes ont été évacuées
May 2014 Southeast Europe floods: May 2014 Southeast Europe floods, causing over 2,000 landslides across the Balkan region and spreading damage across many towns and villages
May/June 2016 European floods: May/June 2016 extreme flooding began after several days of heavy rain in central Europe, mostly Germany and France, but also Austria, Belgium, Romania, and Moldova
October 2018 mediterranean floods: 11 October 2018: The search continues for missing people following flash flooding events in Spain, Italy, and France
Since 4 October 2018 European floods: Since 4 October, 2018, heavy floods have affected Europe, in the Italian region of Calabria and Sardinia, in Spain and Mallorca, in Southwest France, in some parts of Portugal and the United Kingdom, at the end of the month Italy was struck again by heavy floods and strong winds
Weather events in Europe: Weather events in Europe
2010/2011 European winter: Winter of 2010–11 in Europe
March 2013 extreme weather events in Europe: March 2013 extreme weather events in Europe
February/March 2018 European windstorms: February/March 2018 European windstorms and the 'Beast from the East'
February 2018: 28 février 2018: La vague de froid qui s'est abattue ces derniers jours sur l'Europe avait fait une quarantaine de morts, dont de nombreux sans-abri
Januar 2019 Schneefälle in Mitteleuropa: Januar 2019 Schneefälle in Mitteleuropa
Cold waves in Europe: Cold waves in Europe
Early 2012 European cold wave: Early 2012 European cold wave
January 2017 European cold wave: January 2017 European cold wave - 8 January 2017: Heavy snowfall and below-freezing temperatures cause death and chaos across Europe - 11 January 2017: Cold snap in large parts of Europe causes hardship especially among migrants, the homeless and the elderly
2018 European cold wave: 28 février 2018: La vague de froid qui s'est abattue ces derniers jours sur l'Europe avait fait une quarantaine de morts, dont de nombreux sans-abri
Heat waves in Europe: Heat waves in Europe
2003 European heat wave: 2003 European heat wave
2006 European heat wave: 2006 European heat wave
2017 European heat wave: Hitze und Unwetter in Europa 2017 - 2 August 2017: Alert in Europe over rising temperatures, with more than 40 degrees in some regions
2018 European heat waves: 2018 European drought and heat wave, a period of unusually hot weather that has led to record-breaking temperatures and wildfires in many parts of Europe during the spring and summer of 2018, part of a larger heat wave affecting the northern hemisphere - 27 July 2018: The heatwave searing northern Europe was made more than twice as likely by climate change, according to scientists - 3 août 2018: La canicule tue deux personnes en Espagne, un ouvrier d'origine nigériane, qui travaillait sur un chantier d'autoroute près de Murcie, et un senior qui entretenait son jardin potager à Murcie - 6 August 2018: Heat kills thousands of fish in River Rhine, as Europe is in the throes of a heat wave that is impacting life in many different ways - 6 August 2018: Swiss aid drought-hit farmers, pull dead fish from Rhine - 19 octobre 2018: Faute de pluie, le Rhin à son plus bas historique, nombreuses répercussions économiques
June/July 2019 European heat wave: Since 24 June 2019 European heat wave, a period of unusually hot weather affecting Southwestern to Central Europe, which led to record-breaking temperatures for the month of June for many places in Europe - 23 juillet 2019: Le mercure va grimper jusqu'à 43 degrés jusqu'à vendredi sur l'ensemble de l'Europe occidentale - 26 July 2019: All-time temperature records tumble again as heatwave sears Europe and Paris displays a temperature of 42.5C
August 2019: 2 August 2019: With wildfires raging around the world, hot July 2019 across the globe and record-shattering European heatwave likely a result of the human-driven climate crisis, according to new data from the World Meteorological Organization, following the warmest ever June - 2 August 2019: Heatwaves amplify near-record levels of ice melt in northern hemisphere, as glaciers retreat on Greenland fjords and Alpine peaks
Wildfires in Europe: Wildfires in Europe
2017: 18 juillet 2017: De violents incendies de forêt font rage depuis plusieurs jours dans le sud de l'Europe, notamment au Portugal, en France, en Italie et en Croatie où les flammes ont atteint la banlieue de Split, la deuxième ville du pays
Earthquakes in Europe: Earthquakes in Europe
Earthquakes in Greece
Earthquakes in Italy - 2009 L'Aquila earthquake - 2012 Northern Italy earthquakes
Earthquakes in Russia
Earthquakes in Spain - 2011 Lorca earthquake
Earthquakes in Yugoslavia




European Union: European Union
Treaties and law of the European Union: Treaties of the European Union - European Union law
1992 Maastricht Treaty created the European Union, led to the creation of the single European currency, and has been amended by the treaties of Amsterdam, Nice and Lisbon
2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe was signed in Rome on 29 October 2004 but was replaced by the Treaty of Lisbon following the French European Constitution referendum in 2005 and the Dutch European Constitution referendum in 2005
Common values of the European Union's member states: Common values of the European Union's member states are human dignity, freedom, democracy, equality, the rule of law, respect for human rights, minority rights, free market, member states support the principles of pluralism, non-discrimination, tolerance, justice, solidarity, equality of the sexes
Since 2007/2009 Treaty of Lisbon amends the two treaties which form the constitutional basis of the European Union - Since 2000 Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union

Human rights in Europe and in the European Union - European Network of National Human Rights Institutions - Human rights by country
2015/2016: 2015/2016 'Human Rights Watch' European Union report examining migration and asylum, discrimination and intolerance, counterterrorism, Croatia, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Netherlands, Poland, Spain, UK
European Convention on Human Rights and Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union: Since 1950/1953 European Convention on Human Rights, international treaty to respect and protect human rights and fundamental freedoms in Europe - Since 2000 Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, its legal status was uncertain until the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon on 1 December 2009
European Court of Human Rights: European Court of Human Rights

Citizenship of the European Union: Citizenship of the European Union - Citizens’ Rights Directive
November 2015: 15 November 2015: Calls across Europe for tightening of borders grow louder after Paris Islamic State's terror attacks
October 2018 OECD's blacklist: 16 October 2018: Europe’s security is being put at risk by so-called 'golden passport' schemes that have allowed states to sell citizenship or residency to potentially dangerous individuals, EU justice commissioner Vera Jourová warns, after Malta and Cyprus were named in OECD's blacklist of 21 nations operating passport schemes that are deemed to pose a high risk of tax evasion and after the two EU member states have already sold citizenship to hundreds of individuals from Russia, China and the Middle East

Freedom of movement for workers in the European Union: Freedom of movement for workers in the European Union

European Union's internal market: European Union's internal market

The right of asylum in the EU, asylum and immigration: Asylum in the European Union - Right of asylum in the European Union - European Asylum Curriculum EAC is an EU Member State initiative intending to enhance the capacity and quality of the European asylum process as well as to strengthen practical cooperation among the European asylum/immigration systems - European Asylum Support Office, agency to strengthen EU Member States practical cooperation on asylum, enhance the implementation of the Common European Asylum System CEAS, and support Member States under particular pressure - Since 1990 Dublin Regulation, a EU law that determines the EU Member State responsible to examine an application for asylum seekers seeking international protection under the Geneva Convention and the EU Qualification Directive, within the European Union
Immigration to Europe
2014-2016 International and European refugee and migrant crisis: 2014-2016 International and European refugee and migrant crisis - Border barriers constructed during the European migrant crisis
2014: 29 September 2014: A record 3,072 people had died attempting to reach Europe during the first nine months of 2014, the International Organisation for Migration says, urging the world’s governments to engage to stop this violence against desperate migrants
2015: During the first half of 2015, large numbers of Syrian refugees crosses into Europe, reaching 313 thousands - UNHCR documents 'Syria Regional Refugee Response' November 2015 - 19 September 2015: In the international refugee crisis European neighbours turn ugly in a chaotic series of border confrontations and diplomatic disputes, as thousands fleeing war are blocked and shunted between Croatia, Hungary, Serbia and Slovenia and UN warns European unity at risk - 21 September 2015: As ministers of EU member states, divided over how to distribute the influx of refugees, are meeting for more talks, at least 13 refugees drowned off the coast of Turkey, the latest to perish as they try to escape brutal conflicts, known by Europeans and others since many years - 3 November 2015: Russian airstrikes in Syria send thousands more refugees to Europe, as UNHCR reports 30% in increase in refugees since Russia began bombing Syria - 14 November 2015: Islamic State's terror attacks in Paris have increased fears amongst the refugees, many fleeing from Islamic State terrorists in Iraq and Syria and Assad's, Russia's and Iran's war crimes, that more borders will shut and that they will not be welcomed so readily by European communities - 18 décembre 2015: 2015 marquée par un nombre record de réfugiés et une vague sans précédent de migrants via la mer Méditerranée, dont une grande majorité venait de Syrie
2016: 3 January 2016: A drowned two-year-old boy becomes Europe's first known refugee casualty of 2016 after the crowded dinghy he was travelling in hit rocks off Greece’s Agathonisi island - 18 June 2016: MSF rejects EU funding in protest at the way Europe has responded to the refugee crisis - 30 August 2016: Tens of thousands migrate through Balkans since route declared shut in springtime - 3 November 2016: European migration policies have led to the alleged torture, abuse and illegal deportation of asylum seekers arriving by boat to Italy, according to dozens of migrant testimonies published for the first time
April 2019 emigration and immigration: 1 April 2019: Southern and eastern European countries are more concerned about emigration than immigration, according to a wide-ranging survey of attitudes in 14 EU countries

Causes of refugee crises and EU's failure: Causes of refugee crises
2017 EU's 'out of sight' policy: 9 July 2017: Europe’s shameful response to the growing refugee crisis and its 'out of sight, out of mind’ attitude represents its failure of policy

The European Parliament, the directly elected parliamentary institution of the EU, composed of 751 members - Politics and elections of the European Parliament - Political groups of the European Parliament
2013: 6 February 2013: After catches have declined from 8.07 million tonnes in 1995 to just 4.94 million tons in 2010, the EU parliament has pushed for a drastic reform of fishing policy in a landmark vote seeking to end decades of overfishing - 16 avril 2013: Le Parlement européen freine le plan de lutte de l'UE contre le réchauffement climatique - 23 octobre: En réaction aux révélations d'espionnage le Parlement européen demande la suspension d'un accord avec les USA sur les données bancaires
January 2014: 9 January 2014: NSA and GCHQ activities appear illegal, says EU parliamentary inquiry, demanding end to indiscriminate collection of personal data by British and US agencies
May 2014 European Parliament election: European Parliament election 22–25 May 2014 - 27 May 2014: Far-right parties sweeping EU vote should serve as warning sign
September-November 2014: 18 September: In a resolution the European Parliament urges EU member states to cancel South Stream agreement and disconnect Russian banks, reaffirming also the prospect of Ukraine as a EU member - 27 November: EU parliament approves resolution calling on the EU to consider ordering search engines to separate their commercial services from their businesses
2015: 10 March: EU Parliament calls in fraud squad over National Front suspicions - 26 March: European Parliament has overwhelmingly voted for providing Ukraine with EUR 1.8 bln in macro-financial aid - 15 April 2015: During its plenary session of the European Parliament an unprecedented number of members took the stage and showed their solidarity to the Armenian nation, supporting a resolution to recognize the Armenan Genocide during WW I, despite undermining by German SPD-Schulz - 9 June 2015: MEPs advocate for extension and strengthening of sanctions against Russia during the debate on EU-Russia relations - 10 June: European Parliament's TTIP vote, and even debate over controversial dispute mechanism allowing big companies to bypass national courts, postponed by a margin of just two votes - 19 June 2015: European parliament accused of 'hiding away' proof of torture by Assad regime, after MEPs decided against holding a major public exhibition of photographs documenting torture and abuse in Syrian Assad regime institutions, deeming the images too provocative, 'disturbing and offensive' - 1 July: European parliament will allow a collection of photographs documenting alleged torture by Syrian Assad regime forces to be displayed in public on the legislature’s grounds, reversing an earlier decision
2016: 28 April 2016: European MPs urge governments to carry out airdrops of food and medicines to relieve starving Syrian civilians trapped in areas that are besieged by Assad’s forces - 27 September 2016: Investigative journalists discuss 'Panama papers' in EU Parliament as EU seeks to develop plans to tackle widespread tax abuse through anonymous offshore companies - 26 October 2016: 'Spain signed the EU statement on war crimes Russia in Aleppo last week, today helps refuel the fleet en route to commit more', European parliament's Guy Verhofstadt says, as Spain plans to let Russian warships refuel en route to Syria - 27 October/13 December 2016: Yazidi women, who escaped Islamic State terrorists' slavery and now advocate Yazidi community rights, win Sakharov prize and will receive the price on 13 December at noon in Strasbourg
2017: 18 January 2017: Berlusconi ally Tajani elected head of European parliament, following pact with Guy Verhofstadt’s liberals and cements centre-right’s dominance of top EU jobs - 28 février 2017: Une commission du Parlement européen a approuvé mardi un rapport d'enquête sur le scandale des moteurs diesel truqués de Volkswagen, qui dénonce 'la mauvaise gestion' de la Commission et des Etats membres après le scandale - 14 March: Polish MEP who said women must earn less than men because they are weaker, smaller and less intelligent has been handed unprecedented penalties by the European parliament - 4 July 2017: Jean-Claude Juncker accuses MEPs of failing to show respect for a small country describing the European parliament as ridiculous after only a few dozen MEPs turned up to a debate dedicated to assessing Malta’s six months in the EU presidency chair, also overshadowing the debate on the refugee and migrant crisis since 2014, as the EU still struggles in 2017 to forge a common response to the thousands and thousands of people arriving from north Africa and the Middle East or dying in the Mediterranean
2018: 27 March 2018: Members of European parliament raise concerns about cronyism and conflicts of interest at hiring of Juncker successor, as Eurosceptics already seized on the affair - 25 October 2018: Opponent of Russian regime's annexation of his native Ukrainian Crimea region Oleg Sentsov, imprisoned in Russia, has been awarded this year’s European Parliament Sakharov prize for freedom of thought
March 2019 Syria democracy protests outside the European Parliament: 14 March 2019: Demonstrators and activists gathered outside the European Parliament in the Belgian capital Brussels to demand the release of detainees from the prisons and detention centers of the Assad regime
May 2019 European Parliament election: 23-26 May 2019 European Parliament election - 2019 European Parliament election by country
26-28 May 2019: 26 May 2019: EU election results 2019 across Europe as voters boost Greens and far right and as centre left and right lose out, according to 'The Guardian' - 28 May 2019: Europe’s Greens, big winners in Sunday’s European elections, will use their newfound leverage in a fractured parliament to push an agenda of urgent climate action, social justice and civil liberties
15/16 July 2019 back-room candidate in the sign of field marshals: 15/16 July 2019: As 'Field marshal' Haftar’s forces supporting France and therefore involved in the 2 July 2019 Tajoura migrant center airstrike by Khalifa Haftar’s forces, that may amount to a war crime, according to the United Nations, Germany's Hitler-general 'Field marshal' Erwin Rommel supporting and whitewashing Minister of Defence Ursula von der Leyen, the back-room policy's candidate by a group of EU leaders led by Emmanuel Macron, narrowly backed as next European Commission president by MEPs
September 2019 EU parliament criticises UK's government: 12 September 2019: EU parliament is to criticise the British government’s treatment of EU citizens living in the UK and insist it will refuse to ratify a deal that fails to include an Irish backstop and provisions that tie the UK into EU standards after Brexit

European Commission and Politics of the European Union
2012: 3 October 2012: EU nuclear reactors need repair according to a leaked draft-report by the European Commission - 22 November 2012: EU nations face tough budget summit - 23 November: EU leaders warn budget deal far off - 13 décembre: Accord à l'arrachée sur la supervision des banques européennes
2013: 8 February 2013: EU leaders in Brussels edged towards a 2014-2020 budget deal that would fix the bloc's ceiling for overall spending at €960 billion - 15 March 2013: EU summit begins amid anti-austerity protests - 14 mai: Réunion des Européens pour avancer sur l'évasion fiscale - 30 May: The European Commission gives major economies France and Spain extra time to trim their deficits as it laid down economic targets - 28 juin: L'UE veux concentrer sur 2014 et 2015 6 milliards d'euros de crédits budgétaires, afin de financer un mécanisme garantissant à de jeunes chômeurs de retrouver un emploi, un stage, une formation ou un apprentissage, et approuve le projet de budget 2014-2020 - 24 octobre 2013: Sommet de l'UE dominé par Lampedusa et l'espionnnage américain - 25 octobre: Initiative franco-allemande pour réglementer le renseignement - 25 octobre: Face à l'immigration aucune précision de l'UE n'est toutefois prévue avant juin 2014 - 8 November: EU executive backs trade chief caught in tax-fraud case - 12 November: EU agreement on 2014 budget, including 135.5 billion euros in payments and 142.6 billion euros in commitments - 4 December: EU fines eight banks record 1.7 bn euros for rate fixing - 19 December: EU agrees on banking union ahead of summit
2014: 3 February 2014: Corruption in Europe costs the EU economy at least 120bn euros annually, the European Commission says - 28 May: After European Parliament election EU leaders agree to review priorities to win back public support - 28 June: EU promised to address Britain's concerns about the future of the EU after nominating Jean-Claude Juncker as the next European Commission president - 15 July: Jean-Claude Juncker elected European Commission president - 24 October: EU agrees to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 40% by 2030 and to 27% targets for renewable energy market share and increase in energy efficiency improvement - 24 October: EU finance ministers are to convene an emergency meeting after the disclosure of a demand for some countries to contribute billions more to the EU budget - 19 December: EU summit backs an investment plan aimed at kickstarting Europe's stalling economy, decision of new sanctions against Russia over its annexation of the Crimea reportedly not taken
2015: 9 March 2015: EU chief Juncker plans European army saying that 'with its own army, Europe could react more credibly to the threat to peace in a member state or in a neighbouring state' - 23 April 2015: EU to restore rescue operations after latest Mediterranean migrant boat disasters - 23 April: EU summit to offer resettlement to only 5,000 refugees - 23 April: Rights group condemns proposed EU refugees plan as 'totally inadequate' - 5 May 2015: Britain should get a fair deal in the EU but cannot impose its agenda on the bloc's other 27 members, EU's Jean-Claude Juncker answers after UK's Cameron has said he wants to be able to limit an influx of people from other EU states to Britain - 19 May: EU foreign ministers approve naval force to tackle people smugglers - 17 June: EU plan for refugee crisis in jeopardy as countries struggle to agree - 18 June: Greece's future in EU at stake as ministers gather for talks - 18/19 June: After eurozone finance ministers talks with Greece's Varoufakis failed, more emergency meetings and an EU emergency summit on Monday announced - 22 June: EU meeting in Brussels as Greece's Tsipras again demands debt relief and markets surge on hopes of last-minute deal - 23 June: Eurozone politicians in Brussels cautiously welcome new reform proposals by Greece as a possible basis for an agreement, saying that there is still a lot of work to be done to reach deal this week - 25 June: No deal reached in Greek debt crisis after another long night of talks, despite creditors' ultimatum, ahead of another crunch eurogroup meeting and then the EU leaders summit tonight - 26 June: Talks between eurozone finance ministers resume on Saturday as Greece has to make its €1.6bn payment to the International Monetary Fund on Tuesday - 30 June: EU's Juncker makes last-minute offer to Greece but Tsipras unmoved - 30 June: Hopes of last-minute deal on decision day for Greek PM Tsipras, as Greece faces deadline for reaching deal with creditors and making €1.6bn IMF payment, otherwise it will lose €7.2bn bailout funds - 6 July: European politicians will meet for crisis talks and the ECB faces a crucial decison over whether to its funding freeze after Greece's referendum 'no' vote - 7 July: Eurozone finance ministers and leaders meet in new efforts to find a common way out of Greek crisis - 8 July: Unless Greek government presents convincing details entailing more austerity as the basis for its third bailout in five years, all 28 national EU leaders are to gather in Brussels on Sunday in emergency session to discuss how to contain the fallout from Greece’s financial collapse - 8 July: After months of Greek government's second-rate theatre Europe has five days to find a shift - 9 July: Greek government seeks new EU loan to avert 'Grexit' and economic collapse, urged to deliver a detailed economic package - 10 July: After it has submitted a package of tough austerity measures Tsipras' government urges MPs to back bailout plan - 11 July: Eurozone creditors meet to discuss latest Greek proposals and to decide, after PM Tsipras received backing from his MPs - 12 July: Eurozone ministers will resume talks on Sunday after failing to reach agreement tonight on Greece’s request for a third bailout - 13 July: After Eurozone agreed that Greece should receive a new aid programme, several national parliaments must give their approval, including the Greek parliament - 16 July: ECB and Eurogroup consider next steps after Greek parliament's 'Yes' vote - 17 July: Eurozone's national votes on the Greek bailout 2015 - 17 July: German MPs debate Greek bailout - 17 July: EU agrees €7bn loan as Germany backs new Greek bailout talks - 15 August: Eurogroup’s approval of a third bailout for Greece means the country’s place in the Eurozone is not under threat, EU's Jean-Claude Juncker says - 19 August: Eurozone finance ministers and ESM agree 86-billion-euro bailout deal for Greece - 9 September 2015: Saying the response to this crisis should be the first priority of the EU, Jean-Claude Juncker gives details of a quota plan to resettle 160,000 refugees in the European refugee and migrant crisis - 14 September: EU interior ministers are gathering in Brussels for emergency talks on how to tackle the mounting refugee crisis a day after Germany reintroduced borders - 15 September: EU ministers can’t agree on what to do with 120,000 refugees, as Czech Republic, Slovakia and others oppose common plans to help desperate people and take strain off Greece, Italy and others - 21 September: Eastern Europe foreign ministers to meet in Luxembourg to discuss international refugee and migrant crisis - 22 September: EU ministers to discuss binding quotas, as Hungarian army given power to block refugees and Central European states resist refugee quotas - 22/23 September: European ministers adopt refugee relocation plan in Brussels - 23 September: EU summit amid resentment over quota deal in refugee crisis - 24 September: EU emergency talks with pledge of hundreds of millions of euros to help transit countries, as European council president Tusk criticises 'open doors and windows' policy - 24 September: EU without common policy on refugee crisis, as some politicians open their mouth widely and border disputes worsen - 15 October: EU summit issues today include Ukraine ceasefire, the refugee and migrant crisis, the economy, climate change, and efforts to support countries like Turkey to tackle refugee crisis - 16 October: EU offers Turkey 'action plan' on migration crisis - 26 October: EU and Balkans agree plan for 100,000 places in reception centres for refugees and a 17-point plan to manage the flow of refugees in the Balkans, including more shelter, border registration and increased naval operations - 20 November: EU ministers agree tighter border checks as Paris death toll rises to 130 - 5 December: Home affairs ministers push forward passenger data changes to store the names and credit card information of all passengers on flights into and out of the EU - 17 December 2015: Migrant crisis tops agenda of final EU summit of 2015
2016: 13 January 2016: European commission launches unprecedented inquiry in response to controversial Polish legislation that puts more power into the hands of the government - 26 January: Schengen scheme on the brink after Amsterdam EU talks - 18/19 February 2016: EU summit in Brussels without invited Turkey but with special rights demanding UK's Cameron who will 'walk away' from talks if no EU deal - 20 February: Following EU summit deal Cameron takes Brussels plan to cabinet - 2 March: EU's Schengen members urged by European Commission to lift border checks to save passport-free zone - 4 March 2016: Several brave EU countries including France, the Netherlands and Sweden could scupper plans by the European commission to approve the relicensing of a weedkiller glyphosate, a key ingredient in herbicides such as USA's Monsanto’s multibillion-dollar brand Roundup, linked to cancer by the World Health Organisation - 7 March: International refugee and migrant crisis summit of EU and Turkey in Brussels - 7/8 March: 'One in, one out', the EU's simplistic answer to the refugee crisis, not even settled as decision delayed until a summit next week to flesh out the details of Turkey's new demands - 8 March 2016: UN refugee agency has concerns over the deal reached between the EU and Turkey that would see refugees sent back to Turkey, where some nationalities lack protection - 10 mars 2016: Après la fermeture de la route des Balkans aux migrants, la Grèce doit être soutenue, a déclaré la conseillère fédérale de la Suisse Simonetta Sommaruga à la réunion des ministres de l'intérieur et de la justice de l'UE - 17 March: EU member states and Turkey meet in Brussels to discuss a plan to stop migrants and refugees coming to Europe - 18 March: Deal between the EU and Turkey to stem the flow of refugees and migrants to Europe is hanging in the balance, over a decades-long dispute about the divided island of Cyprus - 18 March: EU's deal with Turkey means all those arriving in Greece from Sunday can expect to be returned to Turkey - 20 March: Greece delays sending refugees back to Turkey under EU deal saying they are waiting for extra personnel to implement the deal and will struggle to enforce it - 6 April: EU to set out proposals for overhaul of European asylum rules - 8 April: EU 'will toughen plans to make firms disclose offshore tax bills' in the wake of the Panama Papers - 23 April 2016: EU finance ministers agree to propose joint list of tax havens and approve plan to automatically exchange data on shell company owners - 27 April: Tusk rejects Tsipras request for EU summit on Greece bailout - 25 mai: Les ministres des Finances de la zone euro se sont engagés à alléger à terme la dette grecque si certaines conditions sont réunies - 13 July 2016: European officials have finalised plans to create a common EU asylum system and refugee resettlement scheme, which critics believe will be a further betrayal of refugee rights - 30 August: More tax deals involving some of the world's biggest companies from Amazon to Starbucks in the European commission's sights after EU's ruling against USA's 'Apple', the biggest blow dealt by Brussels so far in a long-running battle against multinationals and their tax avoidance - Informal EU meeting of the 27 heads of state or government on 16 September 2016 in Bratislava - 29. Oktober 2016: EU-Kommissar CDU-Oettinger nennt Chinesen bei Vortrag in Hamburg 'Schlitzaugen' und spricht von 'Kommunisten'-Blockade der Wallonie bei den CETA Verhandlungen zwischen Canada und der EU - 30 October 2016: German EU commissioner CDU-Oettinger accused of racism after remarks about Chinese, calls for his resignation follow failure to apologise for remarks
2017: 1 January 2017: EU's Jean-Claude Juncker spent years in his previous role as Luxembourg’s prime minister secretly blocking EU efforts to tackle tax avoidance by multinational corporations, leaked documents reveal - 27 September 2017: The Swedish truckmaker Scania, which is owned by Volkswagen, has been fined €880m by the European commission for price fixing - 25 octobre 2017: La Commission européenne a annoncé qu'aucun vote des Etats membres n'a eu lieu sur le renouvellement de la licence du glyphosate, après elle a abaissé sa proposition à une période d'utilisation réduite entre cinq et sept ans - 5 December 2017: EU named and shamed 17 countries in its first ever tax haven blacklist and put a further 47 on notice, including British overseas territories and the crown dependencies of Jersey, Guernsey and the Isle of Man - 15 December 2017: EU to force firms to reveal true owners in wake of Panama Papers, but anti-corruption campaigners criticise failure to include trusts in corporate ownership requirements
June 2018: 29 June 2018: According to the text signed at the EU summit, the 28 member states call on the Russian regime to recognize responsibility for the shooting down of the Malaysian Boeing 777 flight MH17, which was downed in the Donetsk region on 17 July 2014 - 30 June 2018: Cracks emerged Friday in Europe’s hard-fought summit deal on migration, as EU President Donald Tusk warned there was no guarantee it would work and France and Austria ruled themselves out of hosting migrant centres, as 'Medecins Sans Frontieres' said agreement aimed to turn away even the most vulnerable people from Europe’s shores, and the bodies of three babies were recovered and around 100 people were missing after a migrant boat sank off the coast of Libya on Friday
September 2018: 19 septembre 2018: Migrants et Brexit au menu des 28 à Salzbourg
May 2019 EU sanctions against cyberwarfare to cope with impunity: 17 mai 2019: Le conseil des ministres de l'UE a annoncé des 'mesures restrictives comprennent l'interdiction de voyager vers l'UE et le gel des avoirs' pour sanctionner les responsables de cyberattaques menées depuis l'extérieur de l'UE
July 2019: 3 July 2019: Lawmakers in the European Parliament and from across Germany's political spectrum slammed a proposal to make German Defense Minister CDU Ursula von der Leyen (CDU) the next European Commission president, saying her nomination failed to meet pre-electoral promises to respect the lead candidate process and the results of the European elections, calling the nomination a 'classic victory of backroom politics over democracy' and a 'farce' - 3 July 2019: Von der Leyen faces an investigation into suspected wrongdoing surrounding the use of outside consultants, including accusations that von der Leyen’s office circumvented public procurement rules in granting contracts worth millions of euros to the firms, as testimony from key witnesses appear to confirm suspicions of systematic corruption at the ministry
July 2019 von der Leyen, EU commission, arms exports and parliamentary investigative commission: 3 July 2019: Lawmakers in the European Parliament and from across Germany's political spectrum slammed a proposal to make German Defense Minister CDU Ursula von der Leyen the next European Commission president, saying her nomination failed to meet pre-electoral promises to respect the lead candidate process and the results of the European elections, calling the nomination a 'classic victory of backroom politics over democracy' and a 'farce' - Since April 2018 von der Leyen promoted CDU-led German government's decisions on arms exports to Saudi Arabia and Turkey - In 2019 a parliamentary investigative commission was installed after the Federal Court of Auditors complained that rules of government procurement had been ignored when giving external consultancies in von Leyen's ministry from 2015 to 2016 and it turned out documents were destroyed to cover this up - 3 July 2019: Von der Leyen faces an investigation into suspected wrongdoing surrounding the use of outside consultants, including accusations that von der Leyen’s office circumvented public procurement rules in granting contracts worth millions of euros to the firms, as testimony from key witnesses appear to confirm suspicions of systematic corruption at the ministry
September 2019 von der Leyen's 'Protecting the European way of life': 13 September 2019: CDU von der Leyen's 'Protecting the European way of life' from migrants is a gift to the neo-Nazis, as CDU and neo-Nazi linked AfD find common ground in 18 German towns
EU Directorate-General for Competition: Directorate-General for Competition, responsible for establishing and implementing a coherent competition policy for the European Union, having a dual role in antitrust enforcement, an investigative role and a decision-making role - European Commissioner for Competition
July 2018: 18 July 2018: Google has been hit with a landmark €4.34bn fine by the EU over 'serious illegal behaviour' to secure the dominance of its search engine on mobile phones since 2011
Budget of the European Union: Budget of the European Union
Common Agricultural Policy of the EU: Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union
2015: 27 July 2015: Demonstrations of French farmers against cheap imports and falling prices prevent over 400 trucks from bringing in agricultural goods from Germany and Spain as president insists government is 'by their side'
Common Fisheries Policy of the EU: Common Fisheries Policy of the EU
December 2019 with new EU-commission fish populations will continue to be over-exploited: 18 December 2019: With new EU-commission, Europe’s fish populations will continue to be over-exploited despite a longstanding 2020 deadline for setting fishing quotas at sustainable levels, after ministers from across the EU forced through higher limits than scientists advised
Regional policy of the EU: Regional policy of the European Union
History of the euro, European Central Bank, European Stability Mechanism and Banking Union: History of the euro - The European Central Bank is the central bank for the euro and administers monetary policy of the Eurozone, which consists of 18 EU member states - The Eurogroup meeting of the finance ministers of the eurozone exercises political control over the currency and related aspects of the EU's monetary union such as the Stability and Growth Pact - Eurozone
The European System of Central Banks is composed of the European Central Bank and the national central banks of all 28 European Union Member States
2012: European Stability Mechanism since 2012 - 2012 Banking Union in the EU is the transfer of responsibility for banking policy from the national to the EU level, initiated in 2012 as a response to the Eurozone crisis
2010-2012: 30 June 2015: Only a small fraction of the €240bn total bailout money Greece received in 2010 and 2012 found its way into the government’s coffers to soften the blow of the 2008 financial crash and fund reform programmes, as most of the money went to the banks that lent Greece funds before the crash
2014: 19 August 2014: The Single Resolution Mechanism implements in participating Member States the EU's Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive, the framework for the recovery and resolution of credit institutions and investment firms found to be in danger of failing - 4 November 2014: Single Supervisory Mechanism, granting the European Central Bank a supervisory role to monitor the financial stability of banks based in participating states, starting from 4 November 2014
2015: 19 June 2015: ECB staves off collapse of Greek banking system with emergency funding, as Greece's PM Tsipras sides with Putin regime in Moscow for financial support, saying 'we are ready to go to new seas to reach new safe ports' - 6 July: ECB decides to maintain the emergency liquidity assistance keeping Greek banks afloat at the level set on June 26 adjusting the collateral demanded from Greek banks in return for the assistance - 16 July: ECB hands Greece extra €900m in emergency funds as eurozone finance ministers scramble to assemble €7bn bridging finance to keep Greek economy afloat
2018: 19 February 2018: The reputation of the European Central Bank is under the spotlight after the detention of its policymaker Ilmars Rimsevics over bribery allegation, who is questioned on charge relating to bank accused of doing business with North Korea
European Investment Bank
Banking in the European Union: Banking in the European Union
2010-2012: 30 June 2015: Only a small fraction of the €240bn total bailout money Greece received in 2010 and 2012 found its way into the government’s coffers to soften the blow of the 2008 financial crash and fund reform programmes, as most of the money went to the banks that lent Greece funds before the crash
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development since 1991
2015: 2 July 2015: Lidl supermarket chain owned by one of Germany’s wealthiest families given almost $1bn in public development funding over past decade by World Bank, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and others as it expands into eastern Europe
2017: 18 June 2017: Though hard Brexit may exempt UK, banks, accountants and law firms that facilitate offshore tax schemes face a Europe-wide crackdown, according to a leak of draft legislation by the European commission

Social movements and protests in the European Union
Since 2000: Crisis situations and unrest in Europe since 2000
2003: 15 February 2003 Anti-War Protest was a coordinated day of protests across the world in which people in more than 600 cities expressing opposition to the imminent Iraq War, some of the largest protests took place in Europe
2011: 2011 'Occupy Wall Street' locations worldwide - 15. Oktober 2011: 'Occupy Wall Street' kommt nach Europa (Deutschland, England, Frankreich, Italien, Schweiz, Spanien)
2012: 11 February 2012: Tens of thousands in co-ordinated protests across Europe opposing a controversial 'anti-piracy' agreement - 12 February 2012: Europeans in many countries protest against controversial EU internet pact 'ACTA' - 26. Februar 2012: Erneut Demonstrationen von Zehntausenden in ganz Europa gegen 'ACTA' - 19 May 2012: 20.000 march at Frankfurt 'Occupy' protest rally - 14 November 2012: General strikes in Spain and Portugal will spearhead the day of action called by European unions and joined by activists as anger over governments' tight-fisted policies boils over - 14 November: Workers across the European Union have staged a series of protests and strikes against rising unemployment and spending cuts
2013: 27 February 2013: French writer (Occupy movement), diplomat, member of the French resistance during World War II and concentration camp survivor, Stéphane Hessel has died at the age of 95 - 1 June 2013: Thousands protest Europe crisis in Madrid on Saturday in a string of demonstrations across Europe
2015: 13 September 2015: Tens of thousands of Europeans hit the streets in several countries on Saturday to show solidarity with huge numbers of refugees entering the continent amid the international refugee and migrant crisis - 10 October 2015: Hundreds of thousands of people marched in Berlin on Saturday to oppose planned free trade deal TTIP between the EU and the USA that is claimed to be anti-democratic and to threaten food safety and environmental standards, smaller protests were also held in other EU cities, including Amsterdam - 19 October 2015: Thousands of people demonstrated in the capitals of France, Spain and Italy on Sunday in solidarity with Israel, as the wave of violence in Israel and the Palestinian territories continued unabated - 19 December: Marking International Migrants Day, Greeks and migrants took to the streets of Athens calling on European leaders to stop erecting fences and to open the borders for refugees and migrants fleeing countries torn by war and poverty
2016: 28 February 2016: Protests against Russian aggression in Ukraine in European countries France, Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain have taken place on 28 February 2016, two years after Russian regime forces began their invasion of Crimea - 19 March: Thousands of people marched in London, Athens, Barcelona, Vienna, Amsterdam and several Swiss cities voicing their support for refugees and migrants on Saturday, the day after the EU and Turkey sealed a deal designed to tackle the international refugee and migrant crisis - 24 mars 2016: Plus de 200 membres d'ONG et associations d'aides aux réfugiés ont manifesté jeudi sur l'île de Lesbos devant le hotspot de Moria contre sa transformation en centre de détention pour les réfugiés et migrants, dans le cadre de l'accord UE-Ankara - 18 April 2016: Thousands of people, including victims and their families, walked through central Brussels on Sunday in a 'march against terror and hate', almost one month after 'Islamic State' terrorists' attacks
October 2016: 5 October 2016: Demonstrators gathered in Brussels near the headquarters of the EU Council and the European Commission to protest against the brutal attacks by the Assad and Russian forces on the liberated areas in Syria, especially in Aleppo, calling for saving Aleppo and stopping the indiscriminate bombardment of civilians, slamming the international community’s 'dubious' silence over the continued bombing and mass forced displacement of civilians by the Assad regime and its allies - 22 octobre 2016: Quelque 6000 personnes ont manifesté ce samedi à Amsterdam contre le CETA et pour déclarer leur soutien à la Wallonie
December 2016: 14 December 2016: Protests and vigils were held in cities across the world including Ankara, Beirut, Istanbul and Paris on Tuesday and Wednesday to show solidarity with civilians in eastern Aleppo and to denounce the international community’s inaction over the atrocious crimes being committed against civilians by the Assad regime and its Hezbollah, Iranian and Russian allies - 15 December 2016: Global outcry condemns Russian regime for Aleppo tragedy, as condemnation of the Syrian dictator Assad and his allies Russia and Iran has intensified in capitals across Europe including Berlin, where after all hundreds have demonstrated blaming Russian regime and its support of Assad for the unfolding tragedy - 18 December: Doctors, nurses and medics have staged a protest outside Parliament in London against Russian, Iranian and Assad's attacks on their professional colleagues trying to save lives in Syria as thousands of people in Germany and in France were protesting against Assad's ongoing war in Syria
2017: 5 February 2017: From London and Paris to New York and Washington, thousands of people took to the streets to protest USA president Trump’s travel ban amid a fierce legal battle over the order
December 2017: 7 December 2017: Nearly 50,000 people marched through the European quarter of Brussels on Thursday night in support of Catalan independence and the region’s ousted president Carles Puigdemont, who has avoided arrest in Spain by taking refuge in Belgium - 17 December 2017: Ahead of International Migrants Day on 18 December and calling for more facilities to accommodate asylum seekers, migrant charities, rights advocates and concerned citizens marched along the French Riviera, also calling on authorities to allow migrants to enter France from Italy - 31 December 2017: Iranian regime opponents held demonstrations Saturday in France and Germany to show support for opposition groups who have held rallies inside their country in recent days
February 2018 protests against Assad's Rif Dimashq bombing campaign: 23 February 2018: Demonstrations were held in European cities and capitals to show solidarity with the people of the Damascus suburb of eastern Ghouta which is under a ferocious bombing campaign by regime forces who are backed by Russian air force
March 2018: 2 March 2018: Tens of thousands of Slovaks marched in a national rally to honor journalist Jan Kuciak and his girlfriend, who were shot dead as Kuciak was working on a story about the influence of the Italian mafia in Slovakia, as similar marches were being held in some 25 towns and cities across the country and in cities abroad, including London, Paris and Brussels
May 2018: 29 May 2018: Critics note that protest includes no mention of the nearly 4,000 Palestinians who have died in the Syrian conflict since 2011, mostly at the hands of Assad and his allies in their war against the Syrian people, as demonstrators outside the meeting place in Brussels of EU foreign ministers protest deaths, including many Israelis, related to hostilities between Israel and Palestinians since 2008
August 2018: 10 August 2018: Almost 400 Ryanair flights scheduled for Friday have been grounded because of pilot strikes, as employees in Ireland, Germany, Sweden, Belgium and the Netherlands are staging a 24-hour walkout over pay and conditions
November 2018: 24 November 2018: Tens of thousands of people rallied across Europe on Saturday protesting violence against women, with more than 30,000 turning out in Paris
8/9 February 2019: 9 February 2019: Several thousand supporters of an exiled Iranian opposition group marched through Paris on Friday, calling for an end to Iran’s clerical regime 40 years after the regime's seizure of power and months after European authorities thwarted regime-backed plot to bomb event
March 2019: 30 March 2019: Irish people took part in a number of demonstrations on the Irish border along a number of border crossing points in Counties Cavan, Donegal, Fermanagh, Louth, Monaghan and Tyrone in opposition to Brexit, also setting up a mock checkpoint in Carrickcarnon, which was manned by protesters dressed as customs officers and carrying anti-Brexit placards and EU flags
July 2019 Syrian refugees hunger strike: 5 July 2019: More Syrian refugees in Europe are joining a hunger strike, as activists gathered in Paris on Thursday, holding signs that demonstrated solidarity with the victims of the Assad regime and Russian brutal bombing campaign, and as French government itself is involved in the July 2019 Tajoura migrant center massacre and airstrikes by warlord Haftar's forces, backed by Egypt, France, Russia and the United Arab Emirates
20 July 2019 protest against neo-Nazi party in Kassel: 20 July 2019: Thousands of people have staged a counterprotest against a planned demonstration by a neo-Nazi party in Kassel, several weeks after the murder of Walter Lübcke, one of the city's prominent pro-migrant politicians

European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of member states of the European Union - Law enforcement in Europe - Judiciary of the European Union - Relationship between the European Court of Justice and European Court of Human Rights - European Union and the International Criminal Court
Primacy of European Union law: Primacy of European Union law, an EU law principle that when there is conflict between European law and the law of Member States, European law prevails, the norms of national law have to be set aside - Conflict of laws
Schengen Information System: Schengen Information System
EU Directorate-General for Competition: Directorate-General for Competition, responsible for establishing and implementing a coherent competition policy for the European Union, having a dual role in antitrust enforcement, an investigative role and a decision-making role - European Commissioner for Competition
2017: 24 July 2017: Germany's largest car maker Volkswagen AG has asked Europe's antitrust watchdog to scrutinize decades of coordination efforts by the country's main auto manufacturers amid growing concern they might have breached antitrust regulations
Anti-fraud Office in Europe: European Anti-fraud Office
2015: 3 June 2015: European Anti-Fraud Office says it received 1,417 allegations of fraud in 2014 and recommended that the EU tries to claw back 900 million euros lost because of suspected fraud
2018: 5 January 2018: Secret report by the EU’s antifraud office calls on EU officials in Brussels to take 'appropriate measures' over a farm and hotel owned by Czech PM Andrej Babiš’s Agrofert and alleged 'irregularities'
Data protection in the EU and Europe:
Since 1995/1998 Data Protection Directive: Since 1995/1998 Data Protection Directive is a EU directive which regulates the processing of personal data within the EU and an important component of EU privacy and human rights law - National data protection authorities are authorities tasked with information privacy. In the European Union and the EFTA member countries their status was formalized by the Data Protection Directive - List of national data protection authorities in the European Economic Area, Europe and some other countries
Since 1996 'Article 29 Working Party' advisory body: Since 1996 Article 29 Working Party, an advisory body made up of a representative from the data protection authority of each EU Member State, the European Data Protection Supervisor and the European Commission
Since 2004 European Data Protection Supervisor: Since 2004 European Data Protection Supervisor, an independent supervisory authority whose primary objective is to ensure that European institutions and bodies respect the right to privacy and data protection when they process personal data and develop new policies - EU Commission Data Protection Officer is a position in the European Commission responsible for independently ensuring the application of data protection
Since 2016/2018 General Data Protection Regulation: Since 2016/2018 General Data Protection Regulation, a regulation in EU law on data protection and privacy for all individuals within the EU and the European Economic Area, also addressing the export of personal data outside the EU and EEA, aiming primarily to give control to citizens and residents over their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business by unifying the regulation within the EU - Comité européen de la protection des données, établie 2018

European Court of Justice - Statute of the Court of Justice of the European Union - List of members of the European Court of Justice
List of European Court of Justice rulings: List of European Court of Justice rulings by subject - Court of Justice of the European Union case law
July 2012: 12. Juli 2012: Der Europäische Gerichtshof hat in einem wegweisenden Urteil die Rechte von Bauern und kleinen Agrargemeinschaften gegenüber internationalen Saatgutkonzernen gestärkt
April 2014: 8 April 2014: EU Court of Justice rejects requirement to keep data of telecom users and declares the Data Retention Directive invalid
October 2015: 6 October 2015: USA digital data storage systems do not provide sufficient privacy from state surveillance, the European court of justice has ruled
March 2017: 14 March 2017: Employers may bar staff from wearing visible religious symbols, the European Court of Justice rules in its first decision on the issue of women wearing Islamic headscarves at work, saying that ban on visible wearing of political, philosophical or religious sign does not constitute direct discrimination
July 2017: 26 July 2017: European court of justice rules that the Palestinian Islamist movement Hamas should remain on the EU terrorism blacklist, finds that the lower court's 2014 ruling was based on media reports, not legal reasoning, and refers the case back
July 2017: 28 July 2017: European court of justice has ordered Poland to immediately halt large-scale logging in the ancient, protected and Unesco-listed Bialowieza forest, one of many cases that has pitted the nationalist, eurosceptic government in Warsaw against the bloc
September 2017: 6 September 2017: EU's Court of Justice has dismisses complaints by Slovakia and Hungary about EU migration policy, dealing a blow to the Hungarian PM Orbán and his allies in central Europe over the bitterly contested policy of refugee quotas
May 2018: 17 May 2018: The European Commission sent six countries, including Germany, France and the UK, to Europe’s highest court ECJ for breaching EU standards for nitrogen dioxide limits and for failing to meet EU air quality standards, in a long-running process of crimes, denials and shady tricks

General Court EGC, a constituent court of the Court of Justice of the European Union, hearing actions taken against the institutions of the European Union by individuals and member states, although certain matters are reserved for the European Court of Justice, decisions of the General Court can be appealed to the Court of Justice, but only on a point of law

Foreign relations of the European Union - History of colonialism - Emigration from Europe - Asylum in the European Union - Immigration to Europe - Illegal immigration to Europe
2014-2018 World War I centenary: First World War centenary 2014-2018 - 14 January 2014: Diaries from British soldiers describing life on the frontline during World War One are being published online by the British National Archives - 16 January 2014: How countries across Europe will mark centenary - 26 June 2014: Ahead of a summit in Brussels European prime ministers and presidents attend first world war ceremony in Ypres joining a minute of silence at the Menin Gate to remember the millions who died in the war - 5 August 2014: European politicians in the industrial town of Liege commemorated the 100th anniversary of the beginning of World War I by warning of lessons to be learned in the face of today's many crises, including Ukraine
2014-2020 World War II 75th Anniversary Commemoration: 75 years later the British website 'World War II Today' continues to follow the war through to August 1945 - Aftermath of World War II - Aftermath of World War II by country - Aftermath of the Holocaust - Jewish resistance in German-occupied Europe by country
2011-2018 the West failed to prevent one Syrian chemical attack after another: 8 April 2018: Haaretz' Anshel Pfeffer describes how the West failed to prevent one Syrian chemical attack after another, saying that in the history of war, no war crime has been so well documented and so predictable to those who had it in their power to prevent it from recurring
October 2019 EU people see overseas aid as 'a major priority': 23 October 2019: Results from Eurobarometer, the EU’s polling organisation, found that almost 90% of people thought helping people in developing countries should be a priority of the EU and national governments, as also two-thirds of British people see overseas aid as 'a major priority'
Foreign trade of the EU: List of the largest trading partners of the European Union
European Union free trade agreements: Traité de libre-échange signé par l'Union européenne - Accord de libre-échange de l'Union européenne et accords en cours - Accord de libre-échange de l'Union européenne et accords en cours de négociation
European Union free trade agreements, negotiations concluded, but not signed: European Union free trade agreements, negotiations concluded, but not signed
June 2019 European Union–Mercosur Free Trade Agreement: June 2019 European Union–Mercosur Free Trade Agreement, a free trade agreement on which the EU and Mercosur reached agreement in principle in 2019, announced at the 2019 G20 Osaka summit after twenty years of negotiations
Third-country relations of the EU: Third-country relations of the European Union
List of diplomatic missions of the EU and European External Action Service since 2010: List of diplomatic missions of the European Union - Since 2010 European External Action Service - European External Action Service (Website) - News service and press releases
European Union/Afghanistan relations: European Union/Afghanistan relations
Since 2001: Since 2001 military involvement in Afghanistan by EU member states, as 25 of the EU members contribute to the 43-nation NATO-led ISAF mission, also making a considerable contribution in other areas
Since June 2016: United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union following June 2016 referendum - 1839 to 1842 British East India Company's invasion of Afghanistan, the 'First Anglo-Afghan War'
2016: 3 October 2016: The EU has signed an agreement with the Afghan government allowing its member states to deport an unlimited number of the country’s asylum seekers, and obliging the Afghan government to receive them
September 2019: 8 September 2019: EU's special envoy for Afghanistan said presidential elections must be held in the country this month as Afghanistan needs a political leadership that has received a renewed democratic mandate from its citizens, amid rising number of Taliban terror attacks in the summer 2019
European Union/Africa and the Middle East relations: European Union/Africa and the Middle East relations - The EU's relations with Africa - Immigration to Europe - African immigration to Europe
2009: 2009 Mediterranean Sea migrant shipwreck
2011: 2011 Mediterranean Sea migrant shipwreck
2012: September 2012 Baradan Bay, Turkey migrant boat disaster - December 2012 Lesbos, Greece migrant boat disaster
2013: October 2013 Mediterranean Sea migrant shipwreck - 4 octobre 2013: Le naufrage d’un navire de migrants clandestins au large de Lampedusa soulève la question de la gestion des flux migratoires par l’Europe - 8 octobre: Les Européens sont appelés mardi à montrer une plus grande solidarité après la tragédie de Lampedusa - 8 October: EU pushes for sea patrols in wake of migrant shipwreck - 9 octobre: Barroso et Letta accueillis mercredi sur l'île de Lampedusa, par les huées et les insultes d'habitants - 11/12 October: Dozens of people died on Friday when a boat carrying around 250 migrants capsized between Sicily and Tunisia, a week after the 3 October 2013 migrant shipwreck - 13 October 2013: The shipwreck off Malta on October 11 that claimed the lives of more than 30 migrants revealed yet another facet of Syria's humanitarian nightmare - the largest displacement of people in decades - 25 October: Nearly 700 refugees including dozens of Eritreans have been rescued off Sicily in five operations, as leaders grapple with the issue of illegal immigration at a EU summit - 29 November: Six people believed to be Syrians dead as immigrant boat trying to reach Greece sinks off Turkey
2014: 13 May 2014: At least 14 people were killed and 200 went missing after a boat packed with migrants sank near Italy - 20 January 2014: EU to send troops to Central African Republic to stop clashes - 2 April 2014: Africans and Europeans hold crisis talks at EU-Africa summit on the escalating violence in the Central African Republic - 20 June: At a UNHCR conference marking World Refugee Day Malta's Helena Dalli says that Europe has 'a lot to do to make up for the damage it had caused' - 14 September: At least 15 Gaza migrants killed as boat capsizes in Mediterranean - 26 September: Almost 300 mostly Syrian rescued refugees refuse to disembark in Cyprus demanding to be taken to Italy - 29 September: Migrants trying to reach more prosperous countries have died at a rate of eight every day for the past 14 years, the majority of them trying to get to Europe, according to IOM - 20 October: Ebola tops EU meeting in Luxembourg with warnings crisis is at 'tipping point' - 31 December: Italy's navy has taken control of a ship adrift in the Adriatic Sea with hundreds of mainly Syrian migrants on board
Since 2014 International and European refugee and migrant crisis: Since 2014 International and European refugee and migrant crisis - During the first half of 2015, large numbers of Syrian refugees crosses into Europe, reaching 313 thousands - UNHCR documents 'Syria Regional Refugee Response'
2015: 1 January 2015: Catastrophe avoided as runaway ship with 768 people on board on a collision course with Italy's rocky shoreline stopped by Gallipoli's coastguard - 2 January 2015: Sierra Leone-flagged vessel, second in four days to be abandoned by crew in rough seas with 450 migrants on board, being towed to Italy - 3 January 2015: People smugglers likely raked in more than US$1.0 million from the hundreds of desperate 'ghost ships' migrants abandoned off the coast of Italy, IOM says - 3 January: After 'ghost ship' Ezadeen rescued in Mediterranean, 360 Syrians emerged - 20 January 2015: EU to launch anti-terror projects with Muslim nations - 9 February: At least 29 migrants die of hypothermia after Italian coastguard rescue with small patrol boats - 17 March: EU to name new special envoy Fernando Gentilini to Mideast peace process - 16 April: EU under pressure over migrant rescue operations in the Mediterranean after 400 lives lost in latest incident - 17 April: Muslim migrants had thrown 12 Christians overboard during a recent crossing from Libya, police says, and an aid group says another 41 people were feared drowned in a separate incident - 19 April: EU plans urgent talks after up to 700 African migrants feared dead when boat capsizes near Libya - 20/21 April: EU emergency meeting results in decision to boost maritime patrols in Mediterranean, broaden search-and-rescue mandate and to launch military operations against migrant-smugglers in Libya, as UN refugee agency, after speaking to survivors of the disaster, confirms 800 migrants died in the shipwreck off Libya on Sunday - 12 May: Many would-be migrants to EU die unrecorded, study of Free University of Amsterdam says - 21 May: After Italian PM Renzi described people-smugglers as 'the slave traders of the 21st century', leading migration experts have denounced plans for military action against Libyan smugglers as reminiscent of the actions of countries that enabled the 16th to 19th century British, French etc. slave trade - 30 May: EU naval mission rescues more than 4,200 migrants in Mediterranean in 24 hours - 6/7 June 2015: More than 2000 migrants rescued from people traffickers in Mediterranean, as operations go on - 16 June: Italian police forcibly remove migrants stranded near French border - 26 June: Agreeing a plan to share out the care of people fleeing war and poverty in north Africa and the Middle East, EU meeting finally reaches deal on resettling 60,000 asylum seekers securing exemptions for Hungary, Bulgaria, while the UK has opted out of the scheme - 1 July 2015: The sea route to Europe, the Mediterranean passage in the age of refugees
July-December 2015: 10 July: Twelve migrants have died after their overcrowded rubber dinghy sank off the coast of Libya, the Italian Coast Guard said, while some 823 were rescued in the latest events - 18 July: Impoverished Greece flooded by new wave of migrants - 25 July: As long as the bloody civil war in Syria continues with no end in sight, the number of refugees who see the perilous journey to Europe as their last chance for a future will continue to rise - 1 August: Migrants trying to sail from Turkey to Greece are increasingly reporting being attacked by gunmen trying to prevent them from reaching Europe - 6 August: Over 200 migrants attempting the perilous journey across the Mediterranean were feared to have drowned after their overcrowded fishing boat capsized off Libya - 12 August: Up to 50 migrants reportedly went missing after a large rubber dinghy sank in the Mediterranean, while more than 1,500 were picked up from other vessels in the past 24 hours - 18 August: Macedonia becomes another frontline of Europe's refugee crisis - 19 August: Nearly 110,000 migrants were tracked entering the EU in July by irregular means, official data show, setting a record as the influx continues, notably of Syrians reaching Greek islands from Turkey - 23 August: Italy's coastguard coordinated the rescue of around 3000 migrants in the Mediterranean after receiving distress calls from more than 20 overcrowded vessels drifting in waters off Libya - 26 August: Bodies of about 50 migrants found in hull of boat rescued off Libyan coast - 27/28 August: Discovery of dozens of dead migrants in an abandoned refrigerated lorry found on an Austrian motorway near the Hungarian border shocks Europe - 28 August: Up to 200 bodies discovered floating off the coast of Zuwara, one of Libya’s main people-smuggling hubs, in the latest tragedy of the European migration and refugee crisis - 2 September: Migrant and refugee flows continue as countries on Schengen border say they are doing everything they can - 3 September: People rush into Budapest Keleti railway station and try to board trains following the blocking and a re-opening of the station and an ongoing confusion in deeply divided EU, now waiting for a special meeting of EU ministers on September 14 - 10/11 September 2015: European countries inside and outside the EU bitterly divided over their responses to the tens of thousands of refugees heading west and north - 16 September 2015: Refugees and migrants head for Croatia to avoid Hungarian fence - 17 September: Refugees and migrants accumulate at Hungarian border with Serbia after EU-member Hungary brings in tough new measures, using use tear gas and water cannons and detaining dozens - 17 September: Thousands of refugees enter Croatia after Hungary's crackdown
October-December 2015: 2 October 2015: In the paupers’ section of Lesbos cemetery, volunteers, strangers, Israeli and Palestinian activists attend funerals for unidentified migrant victims, including kids, who drowned in the Aegean Sea - 7 October: EU military operation against refugee and migrant traffickers in the Mediterranean begins - 17 October 2015: EU-member Hungary closes its border with Croatia using barbed wire to block the path of desperate refugees and migrants to get to northern Europe, as dictator Assad, Russian, Iranian and Hezbollah terrorists commit more war crimes in Syria - 29 October: Horrendous scenes reported after worsening weather caused boats to capsize in the Aegean Sea, killing at least 11 refugees and migrants, including several children - 30 October: Two boats reportedly sink off Greece, leaving at least 22 people dead - 2 November 2015: As 218,000 migrants and refugees crossed the Mediterranean to Europe in October 2015, the coming winter is already threatening to expose thousands to harsh conditions - 4 November 2015: Unicef's Marie-Pierre Poirier informs the media after she has completed a one week mission in Macedonia, Serbia and Croatia, amid rising numbers of refugees, women and children on the move and bad weather - 11 November 2015: Over 800,000 refugees and migrants reached Europe after crossing the Mediterranean Sea since the start of the year, IOM says - 11 novembre 2015: Quatorze réfugiés et migrants, dont sept enfants, sont morts noyés mercredi à l'aube au large de la Turquie lors du naufrage de leur embarcation qui se dirigeait vers l'île grecque de Lesbos - 12 November: Sweden and Slovenia became the latest European nations to tighten borders as African leaders warned their EU counterparts at a summit in Malta against building a 'fortress' Europe and as the European Commission is setting up a €1.8-billion 'trust fund' for Africa - 24 November: EU countries' development money being spent on tackling refugee crisis and border security rather than fighting poverty and inequality, European NGO confederation says - 6 December: As thousands of people continue to arrive at the Greece-Macedonia border daily, small numbers of refugees and migrants who had been denied entry into Macedonia have opted to go back to Athens - 19 December: Eighteen refugees and migrants drown after boat sinks off Turkey's southwestern coast - 23 diciembre: Más de 40 muertos en el Egeo en cuatro días, la mitad de ellos niños
Januar-March 2016: 22 January 2016: At least 15 migrants including eight children drowned when their boats capsized off the Greek islands of Kalolimnos and Farmakonisi - 28 janvier 2016: 24 réfugiés et migrants dont dix enfants sont morts noyés lors d'un nouveau naufrage jeudi matin au large de l'île grecque de Samos en mer Egée, tandis que onze sont portés disparus - 30 January 2016: More than 52,000 refugees and migrants crossed the eastern Mediterranean to reach Europe in the first four weeks of January, more than 35 times as many as in the same period 2015 - 30 January: At least 10,000 unaccompanied child refugees have disappeared after arriving in Europe, 5,000 in Italy alone, according to the EU’s criminal intelligence agency - 31 January 2016: Ten children were among at least 37 migrants who drowned in the Aegean Sea after their boat capsized as they attempted the crossing from Turkey to Greece, 75 people were rescued - 2 February 2016: Nine migrants, including two babies drowned off Turkish coast, as more than 62,000 refugees and migrant arrivals reported in Greece last month - 8 February 2016: At least 27 refugees, including 11 children, drowned after a boat trying to reach the Greek island of Lesbos capsized two miles off the Turkish coast - 13 February 2013: Over 80,000 refugees and migrants have already arrived in Europe since the beginning of 2016, the majority of those arriving in January 2016 were women and children making up nearly 58%, over 400 have died trying to cross, according to UNHCR's Melissa Fleming - 17 February: Croatia sends over two hundred migrants and refugees including women and children from Afghanistan, Iraq, Iran, Pakistan and Syria back to Serbia, now at a UNHCR centre in the border town of Sid - 23 February: Thousands of refugees stranded in Greece amid tightened border control by Macedonia - 26 February: Two refugees tried to commit suicide at a makeshift refugee camp at a central square in the city of Athens amid growing frustrations over border closures which have left tens of thousands stranded in the country - 28 February: Humanitarian challenges mounting at Greek/Macedonian border, as refugees continue to pour into the area but Macedonia is refusing to allow them to pass, and UN's Ban Ki-moon urges European countries to keep borders open for refugees - 1 mars 2016: Depuis janvier 2016 plus de 130'000 personnes ont rejoint l'Europe par la Méditerranée, selon le HCR qui dénonce l'incapacité de l'Europe, au bord d'une crise humanitaire, 'à trouver des solutions' - 2 mars 2016: La Macédoine a laissé passer sur son territoire environ 170 réfugiés alors que côté grec 10'000 migrants continuaient d'attendre, selon les autorités locales grecques - 5 March: Refugees and migrants stranded at Greece-Macedonia border face another day of frustration - 6/7 March 2016: Refugee 'bottleneck' in Greece leads to warning of humanitarian crisis, as EU-Turkey summit to focus on stemming flow of refugees and migrants to Europe - 9 March 2016: Slovenia and Croatia ban transit of refugees to other European countries - 10 March: At least five migrants dead after boat sank off Turkish coast attempting to reach Greek Island of Lesbos, the Turkish Coast Guard rescued 9 people - 11 March: Thousands of refugees and migrants, many already ill, trapped at border camp between Greece and Macedonia, facing food shortages and unsanitary conditions as rains continue to pour down on flimsy tents and an already waterlogged ground - 12 March: Around 1,100 refugees remain stranded in a refugee camp on the Macedonian side of the Serbian border, another 500 are stranded in the no-man's land between the two countries - 12 March 2016: A video shows Turkish coastguard using sticks against a boat full of refugees and migrants as they sail to Greece in the Aegean Sea - 12 March 2016: As thousands of desperate refugees remain trapped at border camp between Greece and Macedonia and as 'Europe is on the cusp of a largely self-induced humanitarian crisis' according to UN, USA Assistant Secretary of State for European and Eurasian Affairs Victoria Nuland visits the refugee camp in Idomeni, but there is no European official walking around the muddy fields and talking with aid agency workers, refugees and migrants, because European officials prefer hotels in Moscow, Tehran, Vienna, Brussels and after all Geneva, talking and laughing with war criminals and perpetrators - 13 March 2016: Relentless rain and biting cold turn despair into suffering for thousands of refugees and migrants stranded on Greece's border with Macedonia and in the so-called no man's land - 14 March 2016: At the Idomeni camp on the Greek-Macedonian border, conditions are getting worse after heavy rains in recent days have turned much of the ground into a swamp - 15 March: Macedonia reportedly sent back to Greece about 1,500 migrants and refugees, who crossed the border hiking for hours along muddy paths and forded a rain-swollen river to get around the border fence where they were detained by Macedonian forces - 19 March: Refugees and migrants at the Greek border camp of Idomeni say they are as determined as ever to reach Western Europe and appear undeterred by an accord between Turkey and the EU aimed at stemming the flow of people from the Middle East and North Africa - 21 March: Lebanon blocks refugees arriving from Europe - 22 March 2016: UNHCR has stopped transporting refugees and migrants arriving on Lesbos from Turkey to a reception facility as their subsequent freedom of movement is no longer guaranteed, a UNHCR spokesman says, referring to last week's EU-Turkey deal - 24 mars 2016: Plus de 200 membres d'ONG et associations d'aides aux réfugiés ont manifesté jeudi sur l'île de Lesbos devant le hotspot de Moria contre sa transformation en centre de détention pour les réfugiés et migrants, dans le cadre de l'accord UE-Ankara - 26 mars: es autorités grecques ont commencé à évacuer des réfugiés et migrants bloqués dans le camp d'Idomeni à la frontière avec la Macédoine - 27 March 2016: Hundreds take part in protest at Macedonia border as Greece tries to evacuate overwhelmed Idomeni camp and hundreds of hopeful refugees return to Greece’s overwhelmed Idomeni camp following rumours
April-June 2016: 2 April 2016: Protests of migrants and refugees in Greece mount before EU-Turkey migrant deal takes effect and as UNHCR warns against immediate refugee returns to Turkey - 3 April 2016: 50,000 migrants in Greece in turmoil over their fate as EU deal set to come into effect - 4 April: First boats returning migrants and refugees from Greece arrive in Turkey - 6 April 2016: Refugees block Greece-Macedonia border crossing to protest deportation - 8 avril: Les migrants retenus sur les îles grecques de Lesbos et de Chios vivent dans des conditions 'effroyables', selon un rapport - 8 April: Greece ferries migrants to Turkey under EU pact - 9 April: Five migrants, four women and one child, drown off Greek island of Samos after boat capsized - 10 April: Macedonian police use teargas on migrants at Greek border in Idomeni - 11 April: At least 260 people were hurt on Sunday when Macedonian police fired tear gas at refugees and migrants and hundreds were treated by medical units also for wounds caused by plastic bullets and for other injuries, according to 'Doctors Without Borders' - 13 avril 2016: La police macédonienne a tiré des gaz lacrymogènes et des grenades assourdissantes mercredi contre des migrants qui manifestaient le long de la barrière de la frontière macédonienne à Idomeni - 16 April 2016: 'Only those who see the eyes of those small children that we met at the refugee camps will be able to immediately recognize, in its entirety, the bankruptcy of humanity and solidarity that Europe has shown these last few years to these, and not only these, people', Church of Greece's Ieronymos II says at Moria Refugee Camp in Lesbos - 16 avril 2016: Le pape rentre de Grèce avec 12 réfugiés syriens - 16 avril 2016: L'association européenne SOS Méditerranée annonce avoir secouru 116 migrants ce samedi - 20 April 2016: Up to 500 migrants might have drowned in Mediterranean tragedy, UNHCR says - 1 May 2016: Ninety-nine refugees and migrants are believed to have drowned in two separate incidents off the coast of Libya over the weekend - 13 May 2016: At least 800 migrants were rescued off the coast of Sicily on Thursday, among them at least 150 Syrians, the Italian coast guard and the UN refugee agency said - 20 May 2016: The EU-Turkey migration deal has been thrown further into chaos after an independent authority examining appeals claims in Greece ruled against sending a Syrian refugee back to Turkey, potentially creating a precedent for thousands of other similar cases - 24 mai 2016: L'évacuation du camp de réfugiés et migrants comptant 8400 personnes à Idomeni à la frontière greco-macédonienne a commencé, en présence de nombreuses forces policières - 28 May 2016: The Italian navy recovers the bodies of 45 people who drowned on Friday, while dozens of others are still missing in the third major tragedy in the Mediterranean in as many days, as Russian regime's Putin and Greece's Tsipras sign several economic deals on Friday during the war criminal's visit to Greece aimed at reinforcing a relationship with his accessory - 31 mai 2016: Près de 205'000 réfugiés et migrants sont arrivés par la mer en Europe depuis janvier tandis que 2500 d'entre eux périssaient, selon OIM et HCR - 3 June 2016: Hundreds of people were rescued from a migrant boat that capsized south of the Greek island of Crete on Friday, but it is feared that many more are missing
July/August 2016: 2 juillet 2016: Près de 71'000 migrants sont arrivés en 6 mois en Italie, selon le ministère italien de l'Intérieur - 7 juillet 2016: Les équipes de pompiers italiens ont récupérées les corps de 217 migrants morts noyées dans le naufrage d'un chalutier en avril 2015 - 14 juillet 2016: Des migrants violentés par des forces hongroises à la frontière hongroise avec la Serbie - 19 juillet: Plus de 2500 migrants embarqués sur des bateaux bondés ont été recueillis mardi au large des côtes libyennes - 25 juillet 2016: Les corps de 87 migrants morts noyés en tentant de gagner l’Europe ont été retrouvés depuis vendredi sur une plage de Sabrata, une ville côtière dans l’ouest de la Libye - 29 juillet: Plus de 3400 migrants ont été secourus vendredi au large des côtes libyennes, selon les gardes-côtes italiens - 31 juillet: Cinq migrants sont morts en Méditerranée dimanche au large de la Libye, selon les garde-côtes italiens, qui ont coordonné le sauvetage de plus de 6'500 personnes depuis jeudi - 2 août 2016: Plus de 4'000 migrants et réfugiés ont perdu la vie sur la route de la Méditerranée depuis le début de l'année, selon OIM - 5 August 2016: More than 100 migrants have broken through police barriers at the Italian border town of Ventimiglia and made their way into France, as France's Hollande and Italy's Renzi applaud Iranian, Russian and Syrian Assad regime in Rio de Janeiro - 30 August: Startling images have emerged of refugees being rescued off the coast of Libya, showing what has become an everyday occurrence in the southern Mediterranean Sea over the past three years
September 2016: 2 septembre 2016: Un an après la publication de la photo du petit Syrien Ayan gisant sur une plage, environ 500'000 enfants auraient été exploités par des passeurs depuis début 2015 parmi les demandeurs d'asile en Europe, selon l'Unicef
October 2016: 4 October 2016: About 6,055 refugees and migrants trying to reach Europe rescued from sea in a single day, as at least nine people died and a pregnant woman and a child had been taken by helicopter to a hospital in Lampedusa - 6 October 2016: EU launches tough border force to curb refugee and migrant crisis - 26 octobre 2016: Cette année, ce ne sont pas moins de 3800 réfugiés et migrants qui ont perdu la vie en tentant de rallier l'Europe - 27 October: About 100 people are feared missing after a boat sank off the coast of Libya, amid mounting evidence that already dangerous conditions are worsening for migrants crossing the Mediterranean sea to get to Europe
November 2016: 2 November 2016: As 60% of Gambia's population live in poverty, as Gambians represent the fourth-largest group of arrivals to Italy, as Gambian president Jammeh dismisses the economic worries of Gambian migrants and as Gambia’s information minister critizises the lack of action by European nations to protect migrants, the goalkeeper of Gambia’s national women’s football team dies crossing the Mediterranean - 3 November 2016: At least 239 dead in two refugee and migrant boat shipwrecks off Libya in Mediterranean, survivors tell UN on Italian island of Lampedusa - 17 November 2016: About 100 people are feared to have drowned off the coast of Libya after their smuggler abandoned them on the high seas without a motor, increasing the Mediterranean death toll this year to an unprecedented 4,700
December 2016: 23 December 2016: About 100 people are missing and feared dead after two boats capsized off Italy, increasing the estimated death toll among migrants in the Mediterranean this year to at least 5,000, according to UN agencies
January 2017: 10 January 2017: Thousands of refugees are enduring freezing temperatures in flimsy tents across Greece as a result of the arctic blast that has swept across Europe - 24 January 2017: Thousands of refugee children sleeping rough in sub-zero Serbia, says UN - 25 January 2017: Cold weather reignites fears for refugees poorly sheltered in Greece - 30 janvier 2017: Plus de 1360 migrants ont été secourus dans des conditions souvent difficiles depuis vendredi, et trois retrouvés sans vie, à bord d'une douzaine d'embarcations parties de Libye
March 2017: 2 March 2017: European countries have accepted less than 10% of the 160,000 refugees they promised to move to safety from unsanitary and cramped camps in Italy and Greece, leading the European commission to warn it will 'accept no more excuses' - 24 mars 2017: Au moins 11 personnes sont mortes noyées vendredi après le naufrage d'un bateau de migrants au large de la Turquie, huit personnes ont été secourues et trois étaient toujours portées disparues
April 2017 EU 'leaving migrants to drown': 14 April 2017: More than 2,000 refugees and migrants trying to reach Europe reportedly plucked from the Mediterranean on Friday in a series of dramatic rescues as one person was found dead - 15 April 2017; EU 'leaving migrants to drown' say rescuers who saved 2,000 from Mediterranean in single day - 28 April 2017: Frustration mounts among locals on Chios island, where refugees feel like prisoners with no hope of getting to mainland Europe
May 2017: 9 May 2017: The final toll of dead and missing from two refugee shipwrecks off Libya at the weekend has risen to 245, according to UNHCR
June 2017: 5 June 2017: EU commits 50 million euros to combat terrorism in West Africa
July 2017 EU accused of 'wilfully letting refugees drown': 4 juillet 2017: Plus de 100'000 migrants et réfugiés sont arrivés depuis janvier 2017 en Europe en traversant la Méditerranée, selon OIM - 29 July 2017: EU accused of 'wilfully letting refugees drown' as NGOs face having rescues suspended in the Mediterranean
August: 2017: 25 August 2017: European countries including Germany, France, the Netherlands, Norway and the UK are poised to begin the process of returning refugees to Greece, as migrants seeking reunification with their family members, mostly in Germany, step up protests in Athens
September 2017: 1 September 2017: At least 8,500 people have died or disappeared while attempting to cross the Mediterranean since the death of three-year-old Syrian boy Alan Kurdi, whose body washed ashore in Turkey in 2015 - 11 September 2017: A clampdown on Europe’s eastern borders has forced refugees and migrants to choose more dangerous routes as the death toll in the Mediterranean continues to rise despite a drop in the overall number of arrivals, according to the UN, as more than 22,500 migrants have reportedly died or disappeared globally since 2014, according to the IOM - 29 September 2017: Greece is experiencing a dramatic rise in the number of refugees and migrants entering the country, exacerbating already deplorable living conditions on island camps
October 2017: 25 October 2017: Emergency response teams from Israel, Jordan and the Palestinian Authority, as well as Spain, Italy and France, gathered in Israel to learn how to work together and to overcome the common enemy 'natural disasters' as part of an exercise sponsored by the European Union
November/December 2017: 29 November 2017: 5th African Union - European Union summit in Abidjan, youth, unemployment, migration, terrorism on agenda - 17 December 2017: Libya’s coastal guard has rescued more than 250 illegal migrants trying to leave the North African country in small boats bound for Italy, according to officials - 17 December 2017: Ahead of International Migrants Day on 18 December and calling for more facilities to accommodate asylum seekers, migrant charities, rights advocates and concerned citizens marched along the French Riviera, also calling on authorities to allow migrants to enter France from Italy
January/February 2018: 6 janvier 2018: Au moins 25 personnes sont mortes noyées au large de la Libye dans le naufrage d'une embarcation transportant jusqu'à 150 migrants - 4 février 2018: Repérés par un bateau espagnol, les corps de près d'une vingtaine de migrants noyés ont été repêchés entre l'Espagne et le Maroc
March/April 2018: 17 mars 2018: Au moins 14 personnes, dont quatre enfants, se sont noyées dans la nuit dans le naufrage dans le sud-est de la mer Egée d'un bateau, selon la police grecque - 22 avril 2018: Onze migrants morts en mer, 263 secourus au large de la Libye
3 June 2018: 3 June 2018: Dozens drown and rescuers save at least 60 lives after vessel with about 180 people onboard sank off Tunisia coast
11 June 2018 SOS Mediterraneee rescue ship denied entry to Italy and Malta: - 11 June 2018: Migrants stranded at sea, as Italy and Malta close doors and new populist Italian government refuses to open port to SOS Mediterraneee rescue ship carrying 629 people, including 123 unaccompanied minors and seven pregnant women, amid fight with Maltese government over who is responsible for asylum seekers, as farther west in the Mediterranean Spain’s maritime rescue service saved 334 migrants and recovered four bodies from boats it intercepted trying to reach Europe, and as UN says at least 785 migrants have died crossing the sea so far this year - 12 June 2018: Spanish FM Borrell attacks 'ostrich politics' in row over rescued migrants, saying the new government was 'banging its fist on the table' ahead of a meeting of European leaders to discuss migration and asylum at the end of June, as 'MSF welcomes the important gesture of humanity from Spain to disembark in Valencia'
12 June 2018 EU to triple spending to €5bn a year targeting refugees and migrants: 12 June 2018: EU to triple spending to €5bn a year targeting illegal migration
14 June 2018: 14 juin 2018: Une soixantaine de Syriens à bord d'un bateau ont été secourus au large de l'île méditerranéenne de Chypre, a annoncé jeudi la police chypriote
16 June 2018: 16 June 2018: Italy bars two more refugee ships from ports
17 June 2018: 17 June 2018: Aquarius migrants arrive in Spain after rough week at sea
22 June 2018: 22 June 2018: Around 220 migrants drowned off Libya in two days, bringing to at least 1,000 the number to die this year on the main migratory route linking Africa and Europe, according to the UN - 22 juin 2018: Avant le mini-sommet européen sur les migrations, l'Italie maintient sa ligne dure envers les ONG aidant les migrants en danger
27 June 2018: 27 juin 2018: Le 'Lifeline', qui attendait depuis une semaine un port d'accueil, attendu à Malte avec 233 migrants
30 June 2018: 30 juin 2018: Un bateau d'une ONG a secouru 59 migrants au large de la Libye, et après le refus de l'Italie de l'accueillir, il fait cap vers Barcelone
July 2018: 3 July 2018: More than 200 migrants have drowned at sea in the Mediterranean in the past three days, taking the death toll for the year to more than 1,000 and prompting fears that human traffickers are taking greater risks because of a crackdown imposed by the Italian government and the Libyan coastguard - 16 juillet 2018: Les centaines de migrants qui restaient bloqués sur des navires ont finalement pu débarquer dans la ville sicilienne Pozzallo, grâce à l'engagement de pays européens voisins - 18 July 2018: Proactiva Open Arms, a Spanish rescue group, accused both a merchant ship sailing in international waters and the Libyan coastguard of abandoning three people in the Mediterranean, including a woman and a toddler who died, after the coastguard intercepted a boat carrying 160 people heading for Europe - 28 juillet 2018: Selon l'OIM au moins 1500 migrants ont déjà péri en Méditerranée en 2018 - 29 July 2018: 334 migrants rescued by Spanish coastguard - 31 July 2018: Italian 'Asso 28', an oil rig support vessel, allegedly broke international law by returning 108 people rescued from Mediterranean to Tripoli
August 2018: 11 août 2018: Le navire humanitaire Aquarius géré par SOS Méditerranée et Médecins Sans Frontières a secouru vendredi 141 personnes au large des côtes libyennes lors de sa première mission depuis qu'il a repris la mer - 15 août 2018: Le navire humanitaire Aquarius est arrivé mercredi à Malte où il a été finalement été autorisé à accoster après avoir erré plusieurs jours en Méditerranée avec 141 migrants épuisés à son bord - 18 août 2018: Un navire des garde-côtes italiens était bloqué depuis 48 heures au large de Lampedusa avec à bord 177 migrants secourus entre Malte et l'île italienne et que personne ne veut laisser débarquer - 21 August 2018: Standoff in Italian port as Salvini refuses to let refugees disembark - 26 August 2018: Prosecutors in Sicily open an inquiry over Interior Minister Salvini's refusal to allow over 100 rescued migrants off the coastguard ship Diciotti for 'illegal confinement, illegal arrest and abuse of power', as church, tiny Albania and Ireland agree to take the 140 migrants
September 2018: 3 September 2018: Fewer people are making the journey across the Mediterranean to Europe, but the proportion of those losing their lives while trying has risen sharply, UN says - 6 September 2018: Arrest of Syrian 'hero swimmer', who saved 18 refugees in 2015 by swimming their waterlogged dingy to the shores of Lesbos with her Olympian sister, and now accused of people smuggling, espionage and membership of a criminal organisation, puts European refugee crisis in a further spotlight - 10 septembre 2018: Plus de 100 migrants ont péri au début du mois dans le naufrage de deux embarcations au large des côtes libyennes, selon MSF - 25 September 2018: Aquarius with 58 people onboard cannot disembark in Marseille, says French minister, after Panamanian authorities revoked the Aquarius vessel’s registration in a move described by Médecins Sans Frontières and SOS Méditerranée, which operated the vessel, as 'a major blow” to its humanitarian mission', claiming that Panama was forced to revoke the registration after coming under pressure from the Italian government
December 2018: 28 December 2018: 308 mostly African migrants rescued in the Mediterranean sea off the coast of Libya one week ago by charity group arrive in Spain, after entry was refused by several European countries including Malta and Italy, although a mother and her newborn baby were airlifted to Malta by helicopter
January 2019: 9 January 2019: The EU has been strongly criticised over the increasingly dangerous state of the EU-sponsored Moria camp on the island of Lesbos, where a 24-year-old man from Cameroon was found dead in the early hours of Tuesday as temperatures fell below freezing - 14 janvier 2019: 'Proactiva Open Arms' a affirmé que l'État espagnol empêchait son bateau de prendre la mer pour aller secourir des migrants en Méditerranée
February 2019: 12 February 2019: The deflagging of the 'Aquarius', the last migrant rescue ship in the Mediterranean, represents a dark moment in European history, setting a dangerous precedent for states to flout international humanitarian laws, according to HRAS
24 February 2019: 24 February 2019: The African Union is seeking opposition against EU’s latest blueprint for stemming migration, claiming it would breach international law by establishing 'de facto detention centres' on African soil, trampling over the rights of those being held
March 2019: 10 mars 2019: Le corps d'une fillette manifestement victime du naufrage d'un bateau transportant des migrants a été retrouvé sur une plage de l'île de Lesbos en Grèce, selon Ana, et plus de 200 candidats à l'exil sont morts depuis le début de l'année en mer Méditerranée, la plupart d'entre eux en essayant de se rendre en Italie, selon OIM
20 March 2019: 20 March 2019: Italian authorities have ordered the seizure of charity rescue ship Mare Jonio after volunteers rescued about 50 people including children off Libya on Tuesday and rescuers defied Italy’s Salvini order not to bring refugees and migrants to Italy
April 2019: 11 April 2019: Desperate Syrians are still trying to make the dangerous crossing from Turkey to Greece, with many drowning before they reach their destination reports Zaman Al Wasl, as Syrian child saved by Turkish coast guard
8 May 2019 UNHCR warning: 8 May 2019: UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency is calling for refugees and migrants in detention centres in conflict areas in Tripoli to be immediately evacuated to safety, after an airstrike hit a target less than 100 metres away from Tajoura detention centre, where over 500 refugees and migrants are being detained
10/25 May 2019: 10 May 2019: As many as 70 people trying to reach Europe from Libya have drowned after their vessel capsized in the deadliest such incident in the Mediterranean since January - 25 May 2019: A Maltese armed forces patrol boat picked up more than 200 migrants from two dinghies in the Mediterranean and fetched them to Malta on Saturday, a spokesman said
June 2019 rescue of 40 refugees: 29 June 2019: After 16 days of stalemate, the 40 migrants who were rescued off the Libyan coast disembarked in the Italian island of Lampedusa on Saturday, after the ship's German captain Carola Rackete, who said the situation on board the ship was dire and that she was forced to break the blockade to protect the lives of the migrants aboard, finally entered the Italian port on Friday but was arrested by police, for saving lives - 30 June 2019: Captain Carola Rackete defends her decision to force rescue boat into Italian port, saying act of 'disobedience' in Lampedusa was necessary to avert tragedy, adding that 'from a legal standpoint, these were people fleeing a country at war [and] the law bars you from taking them back there', as 'Sea-Watch' says being 'proud of our captain'
2 July 2019: 2 July 2019: Italian judge orders release of ship captain Carola Rackete who rescued refugees
3 July 2019 airstrike by warlord Haftar's forces: 3 July 2019: An airstrike apparently by Haftar's militias that hit a detention center for migrants near the Libyan capital early Wednesday, killing at least 44 people and wounding more than 130, raises further concerns about EU's policy of partnering with Libyan militias to prevent migrants from crossing the Mediterranean, which often leaves them at the mercy of brutal traffickers or stranded in squalid detention centers near the front lines - 3 July 2019 Tajoura migrant center airstrike and massacre by warlord Haftar's forces, backed by Egypt, France, Russia and the United Arab Emirates, after UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency, on 8 May 2019 called for refugees and migrants in detention centres in conflict areas in Tripoli to be immediately evacuated to safety, after an airstrike hit a target less than 100 metres away from Tajoura detention centre, where over 500 refugees and migrants are being detained
4/5 July 2019 boat capsized: 4 July 2019: More than 80 people trying to reach Europe from Libya are feared dead after their boat capsized off the coast of Tunisia, according to the UN migration agency - 5 July 2019: One of only four survivors after an inflatable raft carrying more than 80 people capsized off the coast of Tunisia has recounted his ordeal as 54 rescuees from a separate shipwreck headed to Malta
7/8 July 2019: 7 July 2019: 41 refugees and migrants disembarked overnight at the port of Lampedusa after Italian-flagged charity vessel Alex that rescued them off Libya defied an attempt by Italy’s Salvini to close ports to NGO boats - 7 July 2019: German NGO Sea-Eye said that its rescue vessel Alan Kurdi operating in the central Mediterranean would head to Malta due to deteriorating conditions on board after being denied access to Italian territorial waters - 8 July 2019: Dozens of refugees and migrants aboard Alan Kurdi rescue ship disembark in Malta
9 July 2019: 9 juillet 2019: Le navire humanitaire 'Alan Kurdi' a secouru des dizaines de migrants, qui se trouvaient en détresse au large de la Libye
14 July 2019: 14 July 2019: More bodies found in Tunisia migrant ship sinking
18 July 2019: 18 juillet 2019: Entendue jeudi par la justice sicilienne, la capitaine du Sea-Watch Carola Rackete demande aux pays européens d'accueillir les réfugiés secourus en mer - 18 juillet 2019: La réunion de plusieurs ministres de l'Intérieur de l'UE à Helsinki n'a pas abouti à un accord sur la migration
25/26 July 2019: 25 July 2019: Up to 150 people are feared to have died in a shipwreck off the coast of Libya, while another 150 were rescued and are being returned to Libya, according to UNHCR - 26 July 2019: Dozens of bodies found after migrant boat capsizes off Libya
4 August 2019: 4 August 2019: Migrant rescue ship with 40 people arrives in Malta after EU deal - 4 août 2019: Après un accord de répartition a été conclu entre plusieurs pays de l'Union européenne, le gouvernement maltais a donné son accord au débarquement des migrants
11 August 2019: 11 August 2019: Ocean Viking rescue ship picks up 251 migrants, according to Doctors Without Borders and SOS Mediterranee, which operate the new migrant rescue ship, saying the mainly Sudanese men and adolescents were picked up off the coast of Libya during three rescue missions
16 August 2019 rescued refugee reports: 16 août 2019: Un Ethiopien secouru lundi dans un état critique sur un petit canot parti de Libye 11 jours plus tôt a raconté à Malte l'enfer à bord et la mort lente de ses 14 compagnons de voyage
20 August 2019: 20 août 2019: Un bateau militaire espagnol va être envoyé pour récupérer les migrants secourus par le bateau de l’ONG Proactiva Open Arms, actuellement stationné près de l’île italienne de Lampedusa, où ils ont interdiction de débarquer
September 2019 Italy breaks from era of hardline immigration measures: 14 September 2019: Italy's new government says migrants can disembark from rescue boat
29 September 2019: 29 September 2019: A boat with more than 50 people on board has capsized off the Libyan coast, the UN said on Saturday
7 October 2019: 7 October 2019: At least nine people have died when a migrant boat capsized near the island of Lampedusa as they were about to be rescued, 22 people were saved, according to Italian Coast Guard
European Union/Americas relations: European Union/Americas relations
April 2019 European spies sought lessons from dictators’ brutal ‘Operation Condor’: 15 April 2019: British, West German and French intelligence agencies sought advice from South America’s 1970s campaign of terror against opposition, wanting to learn about 'Operation Condor', a secret programme in which the dictatorships of Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, Bolivia, Peru and Ecuador conspired to kidnap and assassinate opposition members, according to a newly declassified CIA document
European Union/Armenia relations: European Union/Armenia relations
Since 2009 'Eastern Partnership' initiative: Since 2009 'Eastern Partnership' initiative of the EU with the post-Soviet states of Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine
April 2015 European Parliament's recognition of the Armenan Genocide during WW I committed by Turkey: 15 April 2015: During its plenary session of the European Parliament an unprecedented number of members took the stage and showed their solidarity to the Armenian nation, supporting a resolution to recognize the Armenan Genocide during WW I
European Union/Asia relations: Since 1996 Asia–Europe Meeting ASEM, an Asian–European political dialogue forum to enhance relations and various forms of cooperation between its partners including the European Union EU and the European Commission, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN and individual countries - Asia-Europe Foundation ASEF
Asia-Europe relations since antiquity: Chronology of European exploration of Asia since antiquity
October 2018: 24 October 2018: Ancient Greek trading ship dating back more than 2,400 years, preserved by the oxygen-free waters and therefore world’s oldest intact shipwreck, found in Black Sea
European Union/Balkan (Western Balkans) relations: European Union/Balkan (Western Balkans) relations
July 2017: 11 July 2017: The EU has long supported its partners in the Western Balkans on their respective integration paths, and the European Council reaffirmed its unequivocal support for the European perspective of the Western Balkans on 9 March 2017
April 2019: 30 April 2019: Monday’s Berlin Summit on the Western Balkans ended without a hoped-for breakthrough in restarting EU-mediated talks between Kosovo and Serbia, as next meeting on the issue will only be held at the start of July
European Union/Belarus relations: European Union/Belarus relations
2012/2013: 11 August 2012: EU backs Sweden in Belarus row - 17 October 2013: EU helping prop up Belarus president Lukashenko, says opposition, calling for broader sanctions from Brussels
2015: 21 November 2015: EU temporarily suspended package of sanctions on Belarus despite lack of change in Minsk regime
European Union/Bosnia and Herzegovina relations: Accession of Bosnia and Herzegovina to the European Union
2016: 15 February 2016: Bosnia and Herzegovina applied for EU membership
European Union/Brazil relations: European Union/Brazil relations
July 2007 summit meeting between the EU and Brazil: 4 July 2007 summit meeting between the EU and Brazil in Lisbon, as Brazil was granted special partnership status with the EU
December 2018: 18 December 2018: Brazil’s indigenous leader Sônia Guajajara has called on the EU to impose trade sanctions to prevent ecological disaster and a 'social extermination', after Jair Bolsonaro has terrified indigenous communities by promising to take every centimetre of their land, designate rights activists as 'terrorists' and carve a motorway through the Amazon, which could deforest an area larger than Germany
June 2019 European Union–Mercosur Free Trade Agreement: 28 juin 2019 accord de libre-échange entre le Mercosur et l'Union européenne
August 2019 Free Trade Agreement and Brazil fires: 23 août 2019: l'Irlande et la France menacent de ne pas ratifier l'accord de libre-échange entre l'Union européenne et le Mercosur si le Brésil ne protège pas la forêt amazonienne
European Union/Canada relations: European Union/Canada relations - Canada–Europe relations - 18 October 2013: The EU and Canada reached a free-trade agreement
2016: 13 October 2016: Canada's Trudeau warns EU over CETA reluctance, presuming to say that its failure to ratify CETA deal with Canada will undermine the block’s 'usefulness', as German court gives no free ticket for CETA’s approval - 22 October: Wallonia continues to have concerns about threat of an independent court system to settle disputes between states and foreign investors, which critics say may be used by multinationals to dictate public policy, following CETA’s approval - 27 octobre: La Belgique est parvenue à arrêter une position commune sur CETA, que pourrait permettre aux Européens de signer cet accord, malgré un calendrier incertain - 27 October: CETA debate continues - 30 October: Trudeau off to sign EU trade deal after plane returns briefly with mechanical issues - 30 October: EU and Canada sign free trade deal
European Union/Chad relations: European Union/Chad relations
2016: 16 May 2016: Chadian torture documentary at Cannes film festival sheds light on one of Africa’s least-known mass killings, as some 40,000 people were murdered during Habré’s eight-year reign of terror between 1982 and 1990, while the west looked the other way
European Union/PR of China relations: European Union/PR of China relations
2013/2014: 5 juin 2013: Les panneaux solaires chinois taxés par Bruxelles à partir du 6 juin à 11,8%, plus tard à 47,6% en moyenne si la Commission ne parvient pas à trouver un accord avec Pékin - 27 July 2013: EU deal with China over solar-panel dispute and minimum prices - 1 May 2014: European countries have approved billions in transfers of weapons and military-ready technology to China, AFP investigation shows
2016: 4 December 2016: The grim truth of Chinese factories producing the west’s Christmas toys, as undercover investigation by China Labor Watch exposes low wages, hazardous chemicals and overtime beyond legal limits
2017: 29 January 2017: China must investigate a harrowing account of torture by a detained lawyer and release several political prisoners, the EU has demanded in a rare statement amid a deteriorating human rights situation under president Xi Jinping - 2 June 2017: EU and China vow to keep fighting global warming joining states around world in show of solidarity after Trump’s announces USA pullout from climate accord
November 2019 European Commission said violence in response to the escalating protests in Hong Kong unacceptable: 18 November 2019: The European Commission said that violence in response to the escalating anti-government protests in Hong Kong was unacceptable and called on the authorities to keep their action 'strictly proportionate'
December 2019 EU parliament calls for China sanctions over Uighur treatment: 20 December 2019: Members of the European Parliament have called for 'targeted sanctions' against Chinese regime's officials over the treatment of detained Uighur Muslims
European Union/Egypt relations: European Union/Egypt relations - 29 July 2013: EU's Ashton arrives in Cairo for talks Monday amid crisis - 21 August: Interim PM al-Beblawi says his country could live without aid from the USA as Washington and the EU review ties with Cairo after arrest of Islamist chief
European Union and France: European Union and France - The 'Inner Six' Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands and West-Germany were the six founding member states of the European Communities
Since 2002 tax haven Monaco: Tax haven Monaco's absence of a personal income tax has attracted to it a considerable number of wealthy 'tax refugee' residents who derive the majority of their income from activity outside Monaco - 24 October 2002 Franco-Monégasque treaty greatly increases Monaco’s ability to conduct it own foreign relations, alleging that the Principality is an independent and sovereign State - Franco-Monégasque economic and political ties, including an agreement that French citizens with less than five years of residence in Monaco and companies doing more than 25% of their business outside the country would be taxed at French rates
2016: 26 May 2016: The EU, France and Monaco
2017: 31 janvier 2017: Marine Le Pen est accusée d'avoir rémunéré des cadres du Front national avec l'argent du Parlement européen
European Union and Germany: Germany and the European Union
Representation of the European Commission in Germany
2016 Holocaust survivors in Europe: 5 May 2016: Tens of thousands of Holocaust survivors are spending the final years of their lives in financial hardship while waiting for governments across Europe to compensate them for property stolen during the Nazi era
February 2019 clean air benchmarks: 5 February 2019: Germany's CSU Scheuer’s claim that 'increasing voices' in medical profession were casting doubt on the science behind clean air benchmarks provoked a strong response from the EU environment commissioner Karmenu Vella, who said if the limits were changed they would only be made stronger - Since 2001 Clean Air for Europe
April 2019 EU worries about recession risks in Italy and German slowdown: 5 April 2019: EU worries about recession risks in Italy, German slowdown
European Union/Honduras relations: European Union/Honduras relations
2016: 20 April 2016: The daughter of murdered environmental leader Berta Cáceres has called for a suspension of European aid to Honduras and investment in its hydro projects until the country complies with human rights norms
European Union/Hungary relations: European Union/Hungary relations
2015: 22 May 2015: Amid growing unease over constitutional changes made by Hungary’s rightwing government, EU's Jean-Claude Juncker welcomed Hungarian PM Orban at Riga summit, greeting him with 'Hello, dictator' - 24 June 2015: Hungary defies EU rule on asylum seekers - 31 August 2015: Condemned by many EU officials, Hungary continues construction of border fence with Serbia directed against desperate refugees
July 2018: 19 July 2018: European Commission sent a formal letter of notice to Hungary, the first step of an infringement procedure, over the government’s 'Stop Soros' law, threatening aid workers and human rights advocates working with asylum-seekers with up to a year in prison
September 2018: 15 September 2018: Hungary vows to challenge the European Parliament vote, paving the way for sanctions, as most Hungarians think the parliament’s decision to trigger Article 7 disciplinary procedures against Hungary was fair, according to an Euronews poll
European Union/India relations: European Union/India relations - 20 March 2013: EU foreign policy chief Ashton defends Italy's breach of trust over two marines on trial for murder in India
European Union/Iran relations: European Union/Iran relations
Since 2011: EU restrictive measures against Iran, since 2011, the EU has also adopted restrictive measures related to Iranian regime's violations of human rights
2013/2014: 7 September 2013: EU court strikes down sanctions imposed on seven Iranian companies despite reported links to Iran’s illicit nuclear activities - 20 January 2014: EU and USA suspend sanctions against Iran after IAEA confirmed Iran's regime has begun halting sensitive nuclear activities - 8/9 March 2014: EU's Catherine Ashton visits Iran for first time, nuclear issue on agenda - 9 March: EU's Catherine Ashton, on visit in Tehran and meeting Rohani and Zarif, told by Israel's Netanyahu to ask Iran about its Gaza-bound arms boat - 25 November 2014: The EU extended a freeze on certain sanctions against Iran after negotiations aimed at curbing the country's nuclear programme were prolonged by seven months
2015: 3 April 2015: IAEA welcomes that Iran is set to allow the agency more access to its nuclear sites in a framework agreement on Iran's nuclear program reached in Lausanne E3+3 and Iran negotiations on Thursday - 28 October 2015: Former Iran leader Akbar Rafsanjani tells state-run news agency country pursued nuclear weapon, in contravention of repeated assurances by the regime that its enrichment program is and always has been peaceful
2016: 8 March 2016: EU expresses support for Iranian women resistors struggling against government oppression - 25 April 2016: French-Iranian citizen Afshar who left Iran in 2009 after facing espionage charges has been sentenced to six years in jail following her return to the country to visit her critically ill mother - 16 May 2016: French Foreign Ministry staffer Nazak Afshar with dual citizenship awaits appeal on prison sentence in Iran - 11 July 2016: Iran indicts three dual nationals including British-Iranian Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe, who has been held in solitary confinement, reports say - 19 July 2016: Iranian regime defends international deal's secret document easing nuke program restrictions, as FM Zarif says paper obtained by AP that shows Iran will be able to get within 6 months of a bomb in a decade is a 'matter of pride’ - 28October 2016: EU’s foreign policy chief Mogherini in Tehran to meet once again smiling child killers and shake bloody hands
2017: 29 July 2017: USA and European allies Britain, France and Germany urged Iran to halt all ballistic missile activity after regime tested a satellite-launch rocket in what USA denounced as a 'provocative' act - 4 August 2017: Amnesty International urges EU's Federica Mogherini to use a visit to Iran to demand that Iranian regime immediately release all imprisoned human rights activists - 13 August 2017: Israel's Mossad chief Cohen noted that in the two years since the signing of the Iran nuclear deal, known formally as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, Tehran regime has not abandoned its desire to develop nuclear weapons, and that the agreement 'only reinforced that trend and strengthened Iranian aggression in the region'
November 2017: 2 November 2017: Iran’s trade with the EU stood at €13.1 billion in the eight months ending August 2017, almost double compared with the same period of last year, as Iran-Germany trade increased in 2017 by 19% and Israeli Chief Rabbi Yitzhak Yosef says that a genocide is being perpetrated in Syria by the Assad regime and its allies, insisting that there is a moral responsibility to stop the bloodshed of civilians
January 2018: 4 January 2018: To repulse Trump, the Iranian regime needs the Europeans, remaining silent so far in response to the killing of protesters during the 2017/2018 series of protests, as the Iranian theocratic regime spends billions on proxy wars throughout the Mideast
May 2018: 9 May 2018: As Iranian lawmakers vow response 'US and Zionists will regret’, burning a piece of paper representing the nuclear deal and shouting 'Death to America!', France's, Germany's and the UK's governments vow, in a show of unity against the USA on Tuesday, to uphold the Iran nuclear deal, despite USA president’s decision to withdraw from it saying that his administration 'will be instituting the highest level of economic sanction' against the Iranian regime
15 May 2018: Zarif, minister of the Iranian regime committing war crimes together with the Assad and Putin regime, gave an upbeat assessment after a 'good and constructive' meeting with EU's Mogherini, as USA hits Iran’s central bank officials with terror sanctions for helping terrorist group Hezbollah
July 2018: 2 July 2018: Belgium, France and Germany have detained six people, including an Iranian diplomat posted in Vienna, over an alleged plot to bomb a weekend rally by an exiled Iranian opposition group in France, as Iranian regime's Rouhani arrived in Bern on his visit to Switzerland and Austria that regime said was of 'crucial importance' for 'cooperation' between the regime and Europe, telling Swiss president that Israel is 'illegitimate' at a joint press conference
August 2018: 23 August 2018: The European Union agreed 18 million euros ($20.6 million), as part of a wider package of 50 million euros, in aid for Iran on Thursday - 24 August 2018: Israel's PM Benjamin Netanyahu slams the European Union’s financial support package for Iran as a 'big mistake' and said it was like a 'poison pill to the Iranian people and to the efforts to curb Iranian aggression in the region and beyond the region', as Iranian regime attempted to conduct a terror attack on European soil just weeks ago - 25 August 2018: USA slams EU for sending 'wrong message’ with 'aid package' meaning European taxpayers' money for the Iranian regime, as new envoy for Iran says 'more money in the hands of the Ayatollah means more money to conduct assassinations' in Europe
September 2018: 25 September 2018: EU said its members would set up a payment system to allow oil companies and businesses to continue trading with the Iranian regime in a bid to evade sanctions, siding with its state-sponsored terrorism and war once again, as Iran video threatens missile strikes on UAE and Saudi Arabia, also threatening Israel - 27 September 2018: Israel had identified a 'secret atomic warehouse' in Tehran, containing nuclear equipment and radioactive material, according to Israeli PM Netanyahu, calling for new sanctions against Iran and accusing European leaders of 'appeasement' for opposing them
October 2018: 2 October 2018: France blames Iranian regime for foiled bomb attack near Paris in June, saying Iranian ministry of intelligence, which is part of Rouhani’s government, ordered attack on opposition MEK
January 2019: 9 January 2019: EU hit Iran’s intelligence services with sanctions after accusing Iranian regime of being behind plots to assassinate regime opponents on Dutch, Danish and French soil - 31 January 2019: France, Germany and UK expected to launch payment mechanism letting Iranian regime bypass USA sanctions, as Iranian demonstrators since months criticize continued regime's spending of billions of dollars on regional proxy wars and support for terrorist groups, as USA warns it will pursue any company breaching sanctions, and some days after Iran general Hossein Salami said regime aims to wipe Israel off the 'global political map'
April 2019: 2 April 2019: Britain, France and Germany accused Iran of developing missile technology in contravention of a UN resolution, drawing attention to regime’s ballistic missile efforts and their potential relevance for a nuclear weapons program, and called for a full UN report on recent activities, according to a letter released Tuesday
May 2019: 9 May 2019: Despite nuke deal, European firms have been reluctant to work with Iran - 9 May 2019: European powers reject Iran’s ‘ultimatums’ on nuclear deal
July 2019 'wake-up call' to Europe: 2 July 2019: A day after Iranian regime said it had breached an agreed-upon limit on its stocks of low-enriched uranium, which Israeli PM Benjamin Netanyahu described as a 'significant step' toward building a nuclear weapon, urging Europe to scrap 2015 deal and reimpose punishing sanctions on Iran, Israel’s foreign minister calls the Iranian move a 'wake-up call' to Europe
16 July 2019 Iranian threats: 16 July 2019: Iran's ayatollah Ali Khamenei vows response to Britain's 'piracy' and 'will not leave such evil deeds unanswered', saying country will retaliate over the seizure of an Iranian oil tanker in Gibraltar
8 August 2019 INSTEX Bernd Erbel defended Iranian regime’s ballistic missiles: 8 August 2019: Head of EU-Iran trade entity INSTEX and ex-diplomat Bernd Erbel, who gave pair of interviews to journalist who claimed ‘Holocaust industry’ inflates number of victims and reportedly defended Iranian regime’s ballistic missile program, has pulled out of the job
September 2019 Britain to join USA-led naval mission: 13 September 2019: Britain's decision to join a USA-led naval mission in the Gulf has delayed European efforts to set up a maritime force to ensure safe shipping in the Strait of Hormuz separate from USA patrols
24 September 2019 Britain, France and Germany blame Iran for attacks on oil facilities: 24 September 2019: Britain, France and Germany joined the USA in blaming Iran for attacks on key oil facilities in Saudi Arabia, as the Iranian foreign minister tried to invalidate the substantiated assessment through his prophetic revelation 'if Iran were behind this attack, nothing would have been left of this refinery'
December 2019 EU countries encouraging bloody Iranian regime: 1 December 2019: Encouraging bloody Iranian regime, more European countries including Belgium, Denmark, Finland, the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden join Iran sanctions-busting mechanism, amid Khamenei's and Rouhani's bloody crackdown on opposition movement and protests, amid regime's backed bloody crackdowns in Iraq and Lebanon, and as Iranian regime's involvement in Assad's and Russia's war against the Syrian people completes its 9th year - 1 December 2019: Report of Iranian regime's brutal crackdown in Shiraz, after an internet blackout hid the regime’s response to unrest over raising fuel prices, interviews with activists and an analysis of social media posts reveal what happened
December 2019 UK, Germany and France slam Iran for working on nuclear-capable missiles: 5 December 2019: UK, Germany and France slam Iran for working on nuclear-capable missiles, also accusing Iranian regime in UN letter of proliferating ballistic missile technology in the region, also citing social media footage of a previously unseen flight test of a new Shahab-3 medium-range ballistic missile
European Union/Iraq relations: European Union/Iraq relations - 13 August 2014: EU allows states to arm Iraqi Kurds but fails to reach a joint stance on arming Kurds fighting IS terrorists - 15 August: EU backs supply of arms to Kurdish fighters against Islamic terrorists in Iraq, insisting that deliveries should be approved by the new government in Baghdad
European Union/Israel relations: European Union/Israel relations
2013/2014: 8 November 2013: A fifth of Jewish respondents in an EU survey said they had experienced an anti-Semitic incident in the past 12 months, the EU Fundamental Rights Agency says - 26 novembre: Accord UE-Israël sur la coopération scientifique - 9 March 2014: EU's Catherine Ashton, on visit in Tehran and meeting Rohani and Zarif, told by Israel's Netanyahu to ask Iran about its Gaza-bound arms boat - 17 July 2014: EU leaders say on 'rapid' deterioration and escalation of Gaza-Israel conflict since June (!) that 'Israel has right to protect itself but it must act proportionately' - one rocket for one rocket etc.? - 18 July: Israel working to ensure EU foreign ministers don’t mix settlements with Gaza at upcoming meeting - 26 July: USA's John Kerry in Paris to meet with European foreign ministers to promote a cease-fire in Gaza
2015: 19 May 2015: EU's Federica Mogherini heads to Mideast to reboot peace talks, wanting a more active role for the EU in seeking peace between Israel and the Palestinians and saying that Israeli-Palestinian status quo is not an option - 21 May: The Palestinians, not Israel, walked out of USA-led negotiations 2013/2014, Israel's Hotovely tells EU's Mogherini
2016: 10 February 2016: EU and Israel said in talks to restore ties hurt by the EU’s new labeling guidelines for West Bank and Golan Heights products
December 2017: 11 December 2017: Fending off widespread international criticism, Israeli PM Netanyahu says in Brussels that recognizing Jerusalem as his country’s capital made peace possible, rather than distancing the prospect of an agreement with the Palestinians, as EU's Mogherini insists the city will have to be a shared capital, condemns attacks on Jews worldwide
May 2018: 10 May 2018: EU, British PM back Israel’s right to defend itself from Iranian strikes, as Israeli PM Netanyahu says Iran rocket fire #crossed a red line and we reacted accordingly’, also urging the international community to unite and cut Iranian regime's 'tentacles of evil' spreading in Syria - 25 May 2018: Israel calls on EU to end funding to pro-boycott groups, saying some of the groups have links to terror groups while receiving EU money, adding that the financial support violates the EU’s stated policy that it opposes boycotts against the Jewish state - 29 May 2018: EU condemns ‘unacceptable indiscriminate attack’ on Israel from Gaza, as European envoy highlights mortar shell that fell outside kindergarten, saying 'I know the resilience of communities in southern Israel'
June 2018: 6 June 2018: As Israeli PM Netanyahu ends his visit to Germany, France, UK, diplomatic source quoted as saying there is 'widespread agreement' on ending Iranien regime's military presence in Syria
September 2018: 27 September 2018: Israel had identified a 'secret atomic warehouse' in Tehran, containing nuclear equipment and radioactive material, according to Israeli PM Netanyahu, calling for new sanctions against Iran and accusing European leaders of 'appeasement' for opposing them
November 2018: 29 November 2018: Ring of Roman governor Pontius Pilate who crucified Jesus found in Herodion site in West Bank, as name of the man who ordered Jesus crucified and ran his trial, the ancient infamous Roman governor of Jerusalem, Pontius Pilate, has been deciphered on a bronze ring found in excavations
January 2019: 23 January 2019: Israeli ministry accused the EU of funding organizations that support the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions movement to the tune of millions, urging the EU to make any financial aid to NGOs contingent on an explicit commitment to opposing boycotts of Israel, as EU insists it will defend 'free speech'
July 2019 UN's and EU's wrong world: 26 July 2019: France, the Netherlands, Denmark, Ireland, Luxembourg and Malta joined Saudi Arabia, Iran, China, Russia, and Venezuela and 29 other nations in supporting UN resolution accusing only Israel of women’s rights violations, ignoring the world’s worst abusers of women’s rights and refusing to pass a single resolution on the situation of women in Saudi Arabia and Iran
European Union/Italy relations: Italy and the European Union
2016 Italy obstructs EU's opposition to Russian war crimes: 21 October 2016: EU fails to agree on threatening Russia with sanctions over Aleppo as push by Britain, France and Germany to address Syrian bombing campaign lacks unanimous support at Brussels summit, as a UK-backed plan ran into opposition from Italy
March 2018 Italy receives Assad’s head of secret services Ali Mamlouk: 30 March 2018: Italy receives Assad’s head of secret services Ali Mamlouk in violation of EU legislative acts against the Assad regime
October 2018 disputed populist government's budget: 23 October 2018: EU and Italy face off over populist government's budget, 'openly and consciously going against commitments made', as EU warns 'debt weights too heavy and you end up having no freedom at all'
April 2019 EU worries about recession risks in Italy and German slowdown: 5 April 2019: EU worries about recession risks in Italy, German slowdown
European Union/Japan relations: European Union/Japan relations - 7 octobre 2013: Airbus signe sa première grosse commande avec le Japon
European Union/Kenya relations: European Union/Kenya relations
2018: 19 January 2018: EU criticised for its ‘poor response’ after indigenous herder Robert Kirotich was killed during a forced eviction for a water conservation project it funds in Kenya
European Union/North Korea relations: European Union/North Korea relations - EU-Democratic People's Republic of Korea DPRK relations (EU website)
Since 2006 EU restrictive measures against North Korea: Since 2006 EU restrictive measures against North Korea, the EU has implemented the restrictive measures imposed through resolutions of the UN Security Council and has reinforced them through its own measures, targeting the DPRK's weapons of mass destruction and ballistic missile-related programmes
European Union/South Korea relations: European Union/South Korea relations
Since 2001 Europe–Korea Foundation: Since 2001 Europe–Korea Foundation, the philanthropic arm of the European Union Chamber of Commerce in Korea EUCCK, an NGO and a separate entity financially independent from the EUCCK
Since 2009/2011 European Union–South Korea Free Trade Agreement: Since 2009/2011 European Union–South Korea Free Trade Agreement
European Union/Lebanon relations: European Union/Lebanon relations
2013: 22 July 2013: EU to decide on blacklisting Hezbollah - 22 July 2013: EU ministers have agreed to put the military wing of Lebanese group Hezbollah on the EU terror list, now facing visa ban and asset freezes
2014: 17 December 2014: After an EU court's decision, body led by EU foreign Policy chief Federica Mogherini releases statement saying that the EU upholds the 'Quartet principles' that bans engagement with Hamas until it forswears terrorism - 21 March 2014: Lebanon blocks refugees arriving from Europe
July 2017: 10 July 2017: Dutch and French activists call for an international investigation into the death of Syrian refugees under torture in Lebanon and for holding perpetrators to account
February 2019: 25 February 2019: The United Kingdom announced that it plans to blacklist Lebanon’s Hezbollah as a terrorist organization in its entirety, including its political wing, saying that it could no longer distinguish between the two branches, as Israel applauds decision and urges EU to follow in their footsteps
European Union/Libya relations: European Union/Libya relations
2014-2016 International and European refugee and migrant crisis: 2014-2016 International and European refugee and migrant crisis
2016: 19 April 2016: Libya offered security help by European Union as UN-backed PM Fayez Seraj appeals for aid to fight 'Islamic State' terrorists and rebuild country - 24 mai 2016: Quelque 550 migrants qui tentaient de rejoindre l'Europe par la mer ont été arrêtés mardi au large des côtes libyennes - 29 May 2016: UNHCR says it is now certain that last week was the deadliest since April 2015 as more than 700 refugees and migrants feared dead in three Mediterranean sinkings and as rescue teams describe shocking scenes
2017: 27 February 2017: NGO rescues off Libya encourage traffickers, the head of the EU border agency Frontex Leggeri says, calling for rescue operations to be re-evaluated and adding that NGOs work ineffectively with security agencies - 9 September 2017: German NGO Sea-Eye resumes migrant rescue operations off Libya
September 2017: 25 September 2017: European leaders are embracing Libyan general Khalifa Haftar, a former CIA asset, who has ordered his soldiers to commit war crimes, according to new evidence that has been analysed by senior legal experts
December 2017: 12 December 2017: European leaders stand accused by rights group of being knowingly complicit in the torture and exploitation of thousands of migrants and refugees by the EU-financed Libyan coastguard and officials running the country’s detention camps
July 2018: 20 July 2018: Libya rejects EU plan for refugee and migrant centres, after Italy in June proposed reception and identification centres in Africa as a means of resolving divisions among European governments
January 2019: 21 January 2019: The EU’s support for Libya’s anti-migrant policies is contributing to a cycle of 'extreme abuse', including arbitrary detention, torture, sexual violence, extortion and forced labour, according to Human Rights Watch
March 2019: 27 mars 2019: Fin des bateaux de l'UE au large de la Libye
8 April 2019: 8 April 2019: UK urges France to condemn Haftar’s assault on Tripoli, as EU foreign ministers are meeting in Brussels to condemn an assault on Tripoli by the Libyan warlord Khalifa Haftar and call for all sides to revert to UN-led political discussions about the riven country’s future, after UK-led moveto pass a security council statement condemning Haftar at the UN on Sunday was blocked by Russia
12 April 2019 Libyan protests: On 12 April 2019 people protested on the streets of Tripoli and Misrata opposing warlord Haftar's military attack on Tripoli, rejecting support for the attack by France, the UAE, and Saudi Arabia, with Misrata protestors burning a French flag
24 April 2019: 24 avril 2019: Le président français Macron joue gros dans le conflit libyen pour avoir offert une légitimité internationale au conducteur de guerre Khalifa Haftar, qui bouscule aujourd'hui tous les efforts de paix avec son offensive sur Tripoli
June 2019 Libya’s peace initiative: 17 June 2019: Libya’s UN-recognised government in Tripoli has sought to break the deadlock in the country’s civil war by launching a peace initiative which will include a national peace forum followed by simultaneous parliamentary and presidential elections to be held by the end of the year
July 2019 airstrike and massacre by warlord Haftar's forces: 3 July 2019 Tajoura migrant center airstrike and massacre by warlord Haftar's forces, backed by Egypt, France, Russia and the United Arab Emirates, after UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency, on 8 May 2019 called for refugees and migrants in detention centres in conflict areas in Tripoli to be immediately evacuated to safety, after an airstrike hit a target less than 100 metres away from Tajoura detention centre, where over 500 refugees and migrants are being detained - 3 July 2019: Air raid blamed on the forces of the warlord Khalifa Haftar on Libya detention centre was predictable, and EU officials have long been aware of the risks in Libya, where migrants have faced atrocious mistreatment at the hands of militias, while Europe’s governments have prevented the sailing of migrant boats to Italy and elsewhere - 5 juillet 2019: Malnutrition, enlèvements, travail forcé, torture - des ONG présentes en Libye dénoncent les conditions de détention des migrants piégés dans ce pays, conséquence selon elles de la politique migratoire des pays européens conclue avec les Libyens
10 July 2019 France admits Haftar military support: 10 juillet 2019: La France a admis que les missiles découverts dans un QG du maréchal libyen Khalifa Haftar près de Tripoli lui appartenaient
12 July 2019 rights groups urge EU to save lives: 12 July 2019: EU foreign ministers gathering in Brussels on 15 July 2019, should issue a clear call to Libyan authorities to close their migrant detention centres, Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International, and the European Council on Refugees and Exiles said, also urging ministers to make a commitment on behalf of EU states to facilitate the evacuation of detainees to safe places, including outside of Libya and to EU member states
14 July 2019: 14 July 2019: Migrants and refugees in Libya are still in peril, as Europe’s 'business as usual’ approach is making things worse, even after the UN’s human rights agency begged for action, the British 'Independent' says
24 July 2019: 24 July 2019: The Libyan navy on Wednesday rescued 38 migrants attempting to cross the Mediterranean on a dinghy in distress off Ras Agedir, a town about 177 km west of Tripoli, before the migrants were transferred to the Tajoura detention center that was bombed earlier this month by Khalifa Haftar’s forces
5/6 August 2019 another murderous airstrike by French-backed Haftar: 5 août 2019: Au moins 42 civils ont été tués dans une frappe aérienne contre une ville du sud de la Libye, selon Ibrahim Omar, membre du conseil municipal de Morzouk, en accusant les forces de Khalifa Haftar, en ajoutant qu'un bâtiment gouvernemental où étaient réunies plus de 200 personnes, des notables et doyens de la ville pour régler des différends sociaux, a été visé par trois frappes, et en affirmant que les bombardements ont aussi fait plus de 60 blessés dont 30 dans un état grave - 6 August 2019: Libyan Ministry of Interior strongly condemned the brutal air attack on Murzuq town southwest of Libya, calling on the international community and the UN mission to assume their responsibilities towards the behavior of illegal armed groups and to investigate the war crimes committed by Haftar, after the UN Security Council reaffirmed Monday the call on all Libyan parties to commit to a ceasefire and rapidly to return to a UN-mediated political process
6 August 2019 MSF International demand EU to act: Europe must act now to end preventable deaths in Libya and at sea, according to MSF International, saying 'it seems that Europe’s leaders consider people drowning as an acceptable price to pay in order to stem the flow in the Central Mediterranean'
17 August 2019 Haftar's torture and executions: 17 August 2019: 12 prisoners of war, showing signs of torture and abuses, have been executed by Khalifa Haftar’s infamous Al-Kaniyat militia group after their detention in different frontlines in southern Tripoli, as two other civilians abducted by the same group in Qarabulli town east of Tripoli had the same fate, according to ministry
20 November 2019 EU condemns bombing of food factory in Tripoli: 20 November 2019: EU condemns bombing of food factory in Tripoli, without mentioning French support for Haftar's war
14 December 2019 European Parliament calls on the EU to condemn Haftar and prevent a bloodbath in Libya: 14 December 2019: The European Parliament expressed its deep concern on the ongoing attacks of Haftar's militants on the south of Tripoli, calling on the European Union and the international community to condemn the threats of Haftar and take the necessary measures to prevent a bloodbath in Libya
28 December 2019 Italy wants no-fly zone in Libya for immediate cessation of hostilities: 28 December 2019: Italian PM Giuseppe Conte outlined the establishment of a no-fly zone to stop indiscriminate aerial attacks especially committed by Haftar's forces supported by Russia's Putin and France's Benalla-Macron, for resolving the Libya conflict, saying Italy fully supports the initiative for a Libya conference early next year in Berlin
European Union and Malta: Malta and the European Union
March 2003 Maltese European Union membership referendum: 8 March 2003 Maltese European Union membership referendum
April 2018: 18 April 2018: Following Tuesday’s launch of the Daphne Project, a collaboration between international media organisations, politicians across Europe have demanded that Malta’s chief of police broaden the investigation into the murder of Daphne Caruana Galizia so that it pursues more aggressively those 'with a motivation for silencing' the anti-corruption journalist
3 December 2019: EU mission tells Malta PM to quit immediately over Caruana Galizia case, saying Muscat has made serious errors over investigation into journalist’s murder
European Union/Middle East relations: European Union/Middle East relations - EU/Bahrain relations - EU/Iraq relations - EU/Iran relations - EU/Israel relations - EU/Jordan relations - EU/Lebanon relations - EU/Morocco relations - EU/Palestinian territories relations - EU/Syria relations - EU/Turkey relations - EU/Yemen relations
October/November 1991 Madrid Middle East Conference: October/November 1991 Madrid Conference, a peace conference hosted by Spain and co-sponsored by the USA and the Soviet Union and an attempt to revive the Israeli–Palestinian peace process through negotiations, involving Israel and the Palestinians as well as Arab countries, including Jordan, Lebanon and Syria
Since 2002 'Quartet on the Middle East': Since 2002 'Quartet on the Middle East'
Since 2003 Euro-Mediterranean Parliamentary Assembly: Since 2003 Euro-Mediterranean Parliamentary Assembly
Since 2010 Euro-Mediterranean free trade area: Since 2010 Euro-Mediterranean free trade area including the European Union, Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Palestinian territories and Tunisia
2011-2018 the West failed to prevent one Syrian chemical attack after another: 8 April 2018: Haaretz' Anshel Pfeffer describes how the West failed to prevent one Syrian chemical attack after another, saying that in the history of war, no war crime has been so well documented and so predictable to those who had it in their power to prevent it from recurring
May 2018 Iran’s nuclear archive: 5 May 2018: European intelligence officials briefed in Israel on Iran’s nuclear archive
13/14 February 2019 Warsaw Middle East Conference: 13/14 February 2019 Warsaw Conference, hosted by Poland and the USA the issues of the event include 'terrorism and extremism, missile development and proliferation, maritime trade and security, and threats posed by proxy groups across the region' of Middle East and especially 'Iran’s influence and terrorism in the region' - 14 February 2019: '60 foreign ministers and representatives of dozen of governments, an Israeli PM and the foreign ministers of leading Arab countries stood together and spoke with unusual force, clarity and unity against the common threat of the Iranian regime', Israel's Netanyahu says in Warsaw - 14 February 2019: Israel's Netanyahu on Thursday called on Arab states to continue normalizing relations with Israel, as the Iranian regime, vowing to revenge, once again tries to blame Israel and the USA for an attack reportedly claimed by Jaish ul-Adl
15 February 2019 EU, Syria and Iranian regime: 15 February 2019: Syrian Coalition's Dima Moussa says that the international consensus among participants in the Warsaw Conference, which considered the Iranian regime the biggest threat in the Middle East, should be followed by tough, practical measures twisting the arms of this state sponsoring cross-border terrorism, including steps leading to the isolation of the Iranian regime and ending its interference in the affairs of countries of the region
May 2019 Gaza rocket fire on Israel: 4/5 May 2019: European leaders strongly condemn Gaza rocket fire on Israel, as one Israeli man and eight Palestinians were killed and three Israelis were wounded so far since tensions ratcheted up along the border
June 2019 economic peace conference in Bahrain: 26 June 2019: EU nations sent lower level officials from their foreign or finance ministries instead of senior politicians to the economic peace conference in Bahrain sponsored by the USA, as EU special representative for the Middle East peace process, Susanna Terstal, came to the conference as an observer
3/4 November 2019 Israelis 'sent back to the crazy reality' and EU's friendly condemnation: 3 November 2019: Gaza rocket that hit home in southern Israel reminds residents that no one is safe, as Rina Cohen, whose house was hit, says 'it’s frustrating, once you start feeling optimistic, you get sent back to the crazy reality' - 4 November 2019: French Resistance hero Yvette Lundy, who provided fake papers to Jews fleeing Nazis, survived the concentration camps, liberated by the Soviet army in April 1945, and went on to teach reconciliation, giving talks to French as well as German students, dies at 103, as Mayor of Epernay Franck Leroy praised her 'incredible commitment to the duty of remembrance' - 4 November 2019: EU condemns rocket fire from Gaza, saying 'unacceptable and must stop immediately’
25 December 2019 Aviv Kohavi says Israel alone in fight against aggressive Iran and its proxies: 25 December 2019: Israel's IDF Chief of Staff Aviv Kohavi lamented that Israel is alone in the fight against Iran and its proxies in the Middle East, as the Islamic Republic grows increasingly aggressive in the region
European Union/Moldova relations: European Union/Moldova relations - 1 July 1998: EU-Moldova Partnership and Cooperation Agreement - Delegation of the EU to Moldova since 2005 - 29 April 2014: Moldova keen to join the European Union in 2019 - 28 June: EU signs association agreements with Moldova, Ukraine and Georgia
European Union/New Zealand relations: European Union/New Zealand relations
Trade relations: New Zealand/European Union trade relations, as the EU is New Zealand's third-largest trading partner, after China and Australia, and New Zealand is the EU's 50th, and as New Zealand's exports is dominated by agricultural goods, while the EU's exports is dominated by manufactured goods
European Union/Palestinian relations: European Union/Palestinian territories relations - 17 July 2014: EU leaders say on 'rapid' deterioration and escalation of Gaza-Israel conflict since June (!) that 'Israel has right to protect itself but it must act proportionately' - one rocket for one rocket etc.? - 26 July: USA's John Kerry in Paris to meet with European foreign ministers to promote a cease-fire in Gaza - 6/7 August 2014: European countries propose EU mission to open Gaza crossing with a plan for the rehabilitation of Gaza, which calls for its demilitarization but at the same time demands Israel ease the blockade of the enclave - 15 August 2014: EU offers to oversee Gaza border crossings and to work to prevent illegal arms flows, insisting on a durable truce and an disarmament of terrorist groups in the Strip - 18 December 2014: A European Parliament resolution to recognize 'Palestine' as a state only in principle linking the recognition with the resumption of Israeli-Palestinian peace talks, passed with 498 votes - 7 April 2015: EU increases aid for Palestinian refugee camp Yarmouk in Syria
2015: 19 May 2015: EU's Federica Mogherini heads to Mideast to reboot peace talks, wanting a more active role for the EU in seeking peace between Israel and the Palestinians and saying that Israeli-Palestinian status quo is not an option - 20 May: In visit with EU foreign minister Mogherini, Palestinian Abbas repeats demand for Israeli settlement freeze, release of prisoners and sets preconditions for peace process - 27 October 2015: In Brussels meeting with EU foreign policy chief Federica Mogherini, PA president Abbas cites disappointment among young generation, feeling of hopelessnes, fearing deterioration amid wave of terror attacks - 27 October 2015: EU's Mogherini urges Abbas and Netanyahu to meet Quartet ‘in days’, saying Israeli-Palestinian conflict will only get worse with each round of violence
4 November 2019 EU condemns rocket fire from Gaza: 4 November 2019: EU condemns rocket fire from Gaza, saying 'unacceptable and must stop immediately’
12 November 2019 EU calls for an immediate end to the firing of rockets from Gaza: 12 November 2019: EU calls for an immediate end to the firing of rockets from Gaza toward Israeli civilians, saying targeting of Israeli civilians with rockets is ‘unacceptable’
European Union and Poland: European Union/Poland relations
2003/2004: 2003 Polish European Union membership referendum, accession approved by 77.6% of voters - 2004 Accession of Poland to the European Union
2016: 13 January 2016: European commission launches unprecedented inquiry in response to controversial Polish legislation that puts more power into the hands of the government
July 2017: 23 July 2017: EU will hit Poland with deadline to reverse curbs on judicial freedom - 26 July 2017: EU executive to start legal action against Poland over judiciary reform - 20 December 2017: The European commission triggers process that could see Poland stripped of voting rights in Brussels, over legal changes that the EU claims threaten the independence of the judiciary
September 2018: 18 September 2018: Poland was banned Monday from the EU body representing the member states’ judicial institutions after controversial Polish government reforms, saying recent reforms mean the country cannot guarantee the independent delivery of justice
European Union and Romania: European Union and Romania
August 2018: 15 August 2018: Political science team says Eastern European countries such as Romania are experiencing a return to authoritarianism some 30 years after the Prague Spring uprising as the ruling government tightens its grip on power - 17 August 2018: EU authorities are facing calls to defend the rule of law in Romania, a week after more than 400 people were injured in mass protests against corruption and changes to the judicial system
European Union/Russia relations: European Union/Russia relations
Russia in the European energy sector - Documented examples of energy sector incidents
30 October 2013: European Union to probe allegations of Russia spying during G20 summit - 29 November: Russia cannot 'veto' its ties with East Europe nations, European Union says - 16 December: European countries bordering Russia's territory of Kaliningrad say they are worried at reports that Moscow has put nuclear-capable missiles there - 10 December 2013: European Commission Vice-President Viviane Reding has said she will 'definitely not' attend the Winter Olympics in Sochi because of Russia's treatment of minority groups
2014: Since March 2014, the EU has progressively imposed restrictive measures against Russia, adopted in response to the Russian illegal annexation of Crimea and the deliberate destabilisation of Ukraine
Since March 2014: Cyprus, France, Greece, Hungary, Italy and Slovakia are among the EU states most skeptical about the EU sanctions against Russia and have repeatedly called for review of sanctions
March-December 2014: 11 March: EU tells Russia to start Ukraine talks or face sanctions - 13 March: EU agreed on a framework for sanctions on Russia - 17 March: USA and EU expected to announce sanctions against Putin regime after Crimean referendum on joining Russia - 21 March: EU drafts plans for much more substantive sanctions if Putin presses ahead with Russian territorial expansion - 29 March: Russia reportedly retaliated against sanctions imposed by Western countries over its annexation of Crimea - 11 April: USA accuses Russia after Putin warning on gas supplies to Europe - 11 April: EU demands Russia honour its gas commitments - 17 April: European Parliament votes to impose tougher sanctions on Russia due to its military aggression against Ukraine - 27 May: EU awaits constructive steps from Russia after Ukrainian elections - 28 May: EU should make Russia take its mercenaries from Ukraine, Poland's Donald Tusk says - 17 July: USA and EU significantly strengthened sanctions on Russian regime over Ukraine, with USA for the first time directly targeting Russia's banking, military and energy sectors - 25/26 July: EU expands Russian oligarch sanctions blacklist in wake of MH17 crash and broad economic measures against regime are looking increasingly likely - 29 July: EU governments agree to impose sweeping sanctions on Russian regime, targeting state-owned banks, imposing an arms embargo, restricting sales of sensitive technology and the export of equipment for the country's oil industry - 16 August: EU wants Russia not to cover military aggression with humanitarian situation, calling on its regime to put an immediate stop to the flow of arms, military advisers, armed personnel, and to withdraw its forces from the border - 18 August: In a meeting of foreign ministers of France, Germany, Russia, Ukraine, discussing in a difficult conversation the situation in eastern Ukraine, some progress reportedly achieved - 12 September: New EU sanctions against Russia targeting Russian oil firms, defence companies and banks over the crisis in Ukraine enter into force - 16 October: Candidate countries for EU membership join EU sanctions against Russia - 17 October: Putin under pressure from EU leaders to commit to fragile peace plan for eastern Ukraine as violence continues to spread across region despite ceasefire - 18 October: Ukraine-Russia peace hopes rise as gas deal edges closer - 30 October: Recognition of illegal Donbas 'elections' reportedly to strengthen EU sanctions against Russia - 17 December: EU insists on implementation of all points of the Minsk agreements, Federica Mogherini says in Kyiv demanding full respect for Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity
2015: 11/12 January: Meeting of foreign ministers a few days before possible east Ukraine summit, as Russia doesn't prove ceasefire commitment and violence spikes in region - 29 January: EU to debate fresh Russia sanctions - 30 January: EU extends sanctions against Russia - 6 February 2015: France's Hollande and Germany's Merkel in truce talks in Ukraine and Russia as TV report from Debaltseve shows 'a town almost too dangerous to live in' due to Russian weapons - 7 February: France, Germany and Russia agree to draft Ukraine peace plan that would also include proposals from Ukraine`s President Poroshenko - 8 February: German chancellor Angela Merkel 'disappointed' by Russian attitude but says proposal for demilitarised zone to end conflict is 'worth trying' - 9 February: Normandy format foreign ministers representatives to meet today in Berlin to prepare Minsk meeting on Wednesday - 16 February: More EU sanctions on Russia come into effect on Monday over Russian regime's intervention in east Ukraine - 20 February: France and Germany promise fresh sanctions on Russian regime if the second peace deal brokered in Minsk to end the conflict in Ukraine is not observed - 26 February: EU calls Russia responsible for Nadia Savchenko's state of health - 4 March 2015: Britain, France, Germany, Italy, EU head Donald Tusk and USA called for a 'strong reaction' from the international community to any major violation of a ceasefire in eastern Ukraine as they seek to further pressure Russia over the conflict - 8 March: EU divisions exposed as Russia evades sanctions - 12 March: EU leaders want to tackle Russian 'disinformation' on Ukraine war - 17 March: EU nations called to maintain economic sanctions on Russian regime over its annexation of Crimea and support for separatists until Minsk II ceasefire agreement has been fully implemented - 17 March: Let's not repeat the Munich betrayal of 1938, write Czech and Slovak public intellectuals in an open letter to representatives of EU, France, Germany, U.K., and USA with an appeal to provide more assistance to Ukraine in order to help itself to defend against the Russian aggression - 20 March: EU's Russia sanctions extended to end-2015, EU president Donald Tusk says after a summit in Brussels - 2 April: EU condemns as 'a blatant violation of the right to freedom of expression' the closure of the Crimean Tatar ATR TV, following searches of its premises and attacks on its journalists in the past weeks - 14 April: 'Normandy Four' call on the withdrawal of even more weaponry in Donbas - 20 April: EU will officially complain that Gazprom was hindering competition in Central and Eastern European gas markets - 31 May: EU criticises Russian entry ban on 89 European politicians, including outspoken critics of Russian regime, and military leaders, similar to a list for USA citizens - 4 June: Fighting near Maryinka in eastern Ukraine is the most serious violation of the Minsk agreements by Russian-backed separatists, EU says - 5 June: EU extends sanctions against occupied Crimea for another year, as Germany's Angela Merkel says Russia's participation in G7 not possible without return of Crimea to Ukraine, and Canada's Stephen Harper says that Putin regime cannot be allowed to return to G7 because there 'really is no point in having a dialogue' - 22 June: EU prolongs sanctions against Russian regime over aggression in Ukraine - 30 July 2015: Six more states - Montenegro, Albania, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, as well as Ukraine - support the extension of sanctions against Russia until 31 January 2016 - 12 August: The EU notes that the sharp deterioration of the situation in Donbas, which is connected with the attacks of pro-Russian separatists on the positions of Ukrainian militaries, contradicts the Minsk agreements - 16 September: The European Union does not recognize and condemns the electoral processes conducted by Russia in the temporarily occupied territory of Crimea - 12 October: EU foreign ministers urge Russian regime to halt its military intervention in Syria and call for protection of civilians to become an international priority, saying that Assad bore the greatest responsibility for the 250,000 dead and linking 'the systematic targeting of civilians by the regime' to 'mass displacements' - 3 December 2015: EU plans to extend economic sanctions against Russia for another six months - 15 December: EU foreign ministers indicate need to extend Russian sanctions
February-June 2016: 9 February 2016: West must condemn Russian action in Syria and the bombardment, activists say in letters to British newspaper - 28 February 2016: Several European diplomats have paid tribute to the slain Russian opposition leader Boris Nemtsov, visiting the spot in Moscow where the Putin regime critic was gunned down - 7 March 2016: EU to extend sanctions against Russia until 15 September - 7 March 2016: European Union's Foreign Policy Chief Federica Mogherini calls for Nadiya Savchenko's immediate, on humanitarian grounds, release and all other illegally detained Ukrainian citizens - 9 March: Members of the European Parliament urge EU to impose personal sanctions against Russia's Putin and 28 others - 18 March: Russian takeover of Crimea remains 'direct challenge to international security', EU's Federica Mogherini says, warning of worsening human rights situation in the occupied Black Sea region - 26 May: EU officials insist restrictions against Russian regime are to remain unless the Minsk protocol is fully implemented - 21 June: EU extends sanctions against Russia for another six months
May 2016 Europe a Russian gangster playground: 12 May 2016: How Europe became a Russian gangster playground
October 2016: 17 October 2016: Mogherini rules out EU sanctions on Russia over Syria - 18 October 2016: The European Union's 28 foreign ministers on Monday condemned Russia's air campaign in Syria, saying it may be guilty of war crimes and that Russian atrocities in Syria should be referred to the International Criminal Court, also vowing to impose more sanctions on Bashar al-Assad's regime, after France and Britain pushed hard for the support of all the bloc's 28 governments, hoping that a unified chastisement of Russia would help bring an end to Russian- and Iranian-backed regime's offensive and France's foreign minister said that the EU had a moral obligation to act and 'to stop the massacre of the population of Aleppo' - 18 October 2016: Syrian opposition states that EU credibility at stake as Russia’s war crimes continue unchallenged, saying that in addition to the imposition of sanctions on the Assad regime, the EU needs to take restrictive measures against Russian regime - 21 October 2016: EU fails to agree on threatening Russia with sanctions over Aleppo as push by Britain, France and Germany to address Syrian bombing campaign lacks unanimous support at Brussels summit
February-June 2017: 28 February 2017: The European Parliament has called on the international community to increase pressure on Russia due to unlawful criminal prosecution of Ukrainian citizens on political grounds - 27 March 2017: European Union calls 'on the Russian authorities to abide fully by the international commitments it has made, including in the Council of Europe … to uphold these rights and to release without delay the peaceful demonstrators that have been detained', after tens of thousands of protesters took to the streets across Russia on Sunday - 14 June 2017: Nord Stream 2 project, that involves piping gas directly from Russia to Germany through the Baltic sea, is unaffected by sanctions and its progress means that Europe is excoriating the Putin regime diplomatically while at the same time promising to inflate the same regime with billions of gas dollars - 19 June 2017: EU prolongs for one year restrictive measures against Russia over Crimea annexation
November/December 2017: 25 November 2017: The EU is stepping up its campaign to counter disinformation and fake news from Russia by spending more than €1m a year on its specialist anti-propaganda unit East Stratcom taskforce - 21 December 2017: EU prolongs economic sanctions against Russia, targeting the energy, financial, defence sectors and the area of dual-use goods, by six months until 31 July 2018
March 2018 Russian poisoning in Salisbury: 19 March 2018: EU backs Britain in wake of Russian poisoning in Salisbury, after UK foreign secretary Boris Johnson stated 'we actually have evidence within the last 10 years that Russia has not only been investigating the delivery of nerve agents for the purpose of assassination, but has also been creating and stockpiling novichok'
20 March 2018: EU's Jean-Claude Juncker and USA's Trump have broken ranks with western disapproval for Russia's Putin, issuing their congratulations to the former KGB spy for his electoral success even as diplomats were flown out of the UK in retribution for the Salisbury nerve agent attack, and as Mikhail Khodorkovsky, who became Russia’s richest man during the dissolution of the Soviet Union when he owned the Yukos oil company, recognises that if Russia's Putin wants him dead 'no amount of security measures can prevent that' delivering the message 'that you can’t escape from the special services' - 22 March 2018: Europe needs a collective defence strategy to counter Russia, Guy Verhofstadt says - 23 March 2018: EU recalls ambassador from Russia as leaders back May over Salisbury - 23 March 2018: At least 10 EU nations to expel Russian diplomats in response to the use of a nerve agent in Salisbury, described as an 'attack on European sovereignty' - 26 March 2018: Countries across Europe and allies of the UK, including Australia and the USA, have announced the expulsion of dozens of Russian regime's diplomats in a common response to the 'novichok' nerve agent attack in Salisbury
April 2018: 2 April 2018: Ukraine's former president Viktor Yushchenko says in an interview he hopes Europe will wake up to the threat posed by Russia in the wake of the poisonings in Salisbury
Calls to boycott the soccer World Cup in Russia 2018: 12 April 2018: A number of EU member states may announce a diplomatic boycott on the World Cup 2018 in Russia, according to RFE/RL's correspondent in Brussels Rikard Jozwiak - 18 April 2018: Dozens of members of the European Parliament have signed a letter calling on EU governments to boycott the soccer World Cup tournament in Russia this summer, citing Russian Putin regime's 'mockery' of European values
May 2018 EU calls on Russia to acknowledge responsibility for MH17: 25 May 2018: The EU has called on Russia to acknowledge its responsibility for the downing of Malaysia's flight MH17 over occupied Donbas on 17 July 2014, after the Netherlands' government has begun to take steps to hold Russia accountable for the downing of the MH17 flight
June 2018: 11 June 2018: The European Parliament will hold a debate and vote on a resolution related to violation of human rights in Russia - 14 June 2018: EU Parliament has overwhelmingly passed a resolution calling on Russian authorities to release Ukrainian filmmaker Oleh Sentsov and all the other 'illegally detained Ukrainian citizens' in Russia and Russia-annexed Crimea 'immediately and unconditionally', as political groups in the chamber also wanted to include a call for an EU diplomatic boycott of the soccer World Cup that kicks off in Russia on 14 June 14, followed by a call on 'the EU to make a statement to condemn human rights violations in Russia and the attempt to hide them under the cover of the FIFA World Cup' - 18 June 2018: EU extends sanctions against Russia over Crimea annexation by one year
August 2018: 21 August 2018: UK's FM Jeremy Hunt is to urge the EU to stand shoulder to shoulder with the USA administration by imposing more comprehensive sanctions against Russia, saying Vladimir Putin has made the world 'a more dangerous place', and that after a chemical weapons attack in England, the EU should apply more pressure to protect western democracy
November 2018: 28 November 2018: Germany, France against new anti-Russian sanctions, reportedly seeking to continue their 'diplomatic efforts' amid Russian escalation and conflict at the Sea of Azov
January 2019: 21 January 2019: EU ambassadors have approved personal sanctions against four Russians, including A. Mishkin ('Alexander Petrov') and A. Chepiga ('Ruslan Boshirov'), for complicity in the poisoning of Sergei Skripal and his daughter Yulia with the novichok military grade nerve agent in Salisbury, according to RFE/RL's Rikard Jozwiak
March 2019: 30 March 2019: The European External Action Service EEAS says the EU does not recognize Russian legislation in the occupied Crimea and the city of Sevastopol and expects the immediate release of 23 Crimean Tatars, illegally detained during searches
May 2019 sanctioned Andrei Pavlov travels widely in Europe: 24 May 2019: Europe is under pressure to review its border controls, after it emerged that Andrei Pavlov sanctioned over his alleged role in Russia’s biggest ever tax fraud has visited member states more than 70 times in the past four years
June 2019 EU demands cooperation in MH 17 criminal investigation: 21 juin 2019: Les dirigeants de l'UE ont joint leurs voix jeudi à la pression internationale sur la Russie en l'exhortant à 'coopérer pleinement' à l'enquête sur le crash du vol MH17, abattu en 2014 au-dessus de l'est de l'Ukraine par un missile russe
European Union/Saudi-Arabia relations: European Union/Saudi-Arabia relations
June 2015: 8 June 2015: EU vows to make 'every effort' to free Saudi blogger Badawi - 29 October 2015: Saudi Arabia urged by EU lawmakers to free blogger Raif Badawi sentenced to 10 years in prison and 1,000 lashes for insulting Islam, as he wins the EU’s Sakharov prize for human rights - 16 décembre 2015: Ensaf Haidar a reçu le prix Sakharov pour la liberté de l'esprit du Parlement européen au nom de son mari Raef Badaoui, détenu en Arabie saoudite pour 'insulte' envers l'islam
Since October 2018 European reactions to the assassination of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi: European reactions to the assassination of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi - 21 October 2018: As international condemnation grows over the 2 October 2018 disappearance of Saudi Arabian journalist Jamal Khashoggi in the Saudi consulate in Istanbul and later admitted assassination, EU's foreign policy chief calls it a 'shocking violation' of international conventions
October/November 2018: 22 October 2018: Germany halts arms exports to Saudi Arabia after Khashoggi’s death, urging other EU member states to do the same - 24 October 2018: The United Kingdom, France and Spain to maintain arms sales to Saudi Arabia, despite growing pressure in the wake of the killing of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi, as French president Macron says 'the sales of arms have nothing to do with Khashoggi case' - 24 October 2018: Need to keep jobs grounds for continuation of arms sales to Saudi Arabia, argues Spanish president Sánchez, after earlier this year the King of Spain and the heir to the Saudi throne met in Madrid, which led to a deal in which the bloody dictatorship agreed to buy five warships from Spain for two billion euros - 19 November 2018: Germany gives European entry ban to 18 Khashoggi killing suspects including the members of the 15-strong death squad, after France's Macron, the British and Spanish kingdoms denied to suspend arms sales
December 2018: 14 December 2018: Turkish president says audio tape of the murder of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi has been shared with USA, Germany, France and Canada, revealing further details, after Turkey said this week that the international community should seek out justice for Khashoggi under international law
April 2019: 12 April 2019: France and the UK should join German bonesaw Saudi arms embargo
European Union/Serbia relations: Since 2007 accession of Serbia to the EU, the process of the Republic of Serbia being admitted to the EU as a member state and it is on the current agenda for future enlargement of the EU
April 2019: 30 April 2019: Monday’s Berlin Summit on the Western Balkans ended without a hoped-for breakthrough in restarting EU-mediated talks between Kosovo and Serbia, as next meeting on the issue will only be held at the start of July - 30 avril 2019: 20 ans après leur conflit armé, la Serbie et le Kosovo ont accepté lundi de reprendre leurs pourparlers, avec une nouvelle rencontre prévue début juillet à Paris
European Union/Sudan relations: 13 May 2016: Sudan and the European Union
2017: 28 February 2017: The EU is facing calls to rethink its cooperation with Sudan on migration flows after scores of refugees were whipped, fined, jailed and deported from Khartoum last weekend following a peaceful protest over a huge rise in visa processing fees
European Union/Switzerland relations: European Union/Switzerland relations - 10 February 2014: Swiss voters back limit on immigration - 10 février 2014: Le vote sur l'initiative UDC contre l'immigration intéresse la presse européenne - 15 February: Swiss vote on immigration boosts far-right parties through Europe
European Union/Syria relations: European Union/Syria relations
2013: 27 May 2013: EU to discuss arms embargo on Syria, ending this week either helping Syrian opposition or the Assad regime - 28 May: EU ends arms embargo on Syrian opposition, maintaining stiff economic sanctions against Assad's regime - 7/8 September: European Union blames Bashar Assad for chemical weapons attack in Damascus, calls the attack in Damascus a war crime and a crime against humanity, adding that a strong response is essential to make clear there is no impunity - 13 octobre 2013: Après le naufrage au sud de Malte qui a coûté la vie à des dizaines de migrants en majorité syriens, le Premier ministre maltais Muscat a déploré que la 'Méditerranée soit en train de devenir un cimetière' - 17 October: Syrian refugees stranded at Milan rail hub - 20 October: A boatload of 254 Syrian and Egyptian migrants including 94 minors landed in Italy on Sunday after a perilous voyage through rough seas from Egypt - 13 December 2013: EU failing Syria refugees, human rights group says
2014: 11 April 2014: With all doors rapidly closing shut, tens of thousands of refugees from war-torn Syria end up in the EU's poorest state Bulgaria - 26 June: Thousands of Syrian children risking death to reach Europe, report says - 25 July: Reluctance to arm moderate rebels increases extremists’ influence, Syrian Coalition's Nasr al-Hariri says - 7 April 2015: EU increases aid for Palestinian refugee camp Yarmouk in Syria
Since 2014 International and European refugee and migrant crisis: Since 2014 International and European refugee and migrant crisis - During the first half of 2015, large numbers of Syrian refugees crosses into Europe, reaching 313 thousands UNHCR applications across Europe by early August 2015
2015: 16 April 2015: EU's Federica Mogherini stresses the importance of achieving a political transition in Syria through a peaceful solution that guarantees the departure of Bashar al-Assad - 20 April 2015: Syrian Coalition regrets the ongoing failure of the international community to find a solution for the problem of displaced Syrians who are drowning in the Mediterranean Sea while trying to seek refuge in Europe - 25 May 2015: 2,157 Syrians, 75 percent of whom are women and children, drowned in the Mediterranean sea since 2011 while trying to escape to Europe, rights group's report claims - 24 June: Syrian Coalition's al-Maleh has set off on a tour of several European capitals to raise the Syrian issue again on the levels of human rights, pushing for opening international investigation into Assad’s crimes - 1 July: European parliament will allow a collection of photographs documenting alleged torture by Syrian Assad regime forces to be displayed in public on the legislature’s grounds, reversing an earlier decision - 15 July 2015: A yearlong analysis by the FBI has concluded that the torture photographs of Syrian political prisoners are authentic, providing powerful new evidence to support charges of the Assad regime’s extensive human rights violations - 29 August 2015: The Syrian Coalition calls upon the international community to shoulder its humanitarian and ethical responsibilities towards the Syrian people and to work on ending the Syrian refugees’ crisis - 2 September: Young Syrian boy found lying face-down on a beach near Turkish resort of Bodrum was one of at least 12 Syrians who drowned attempting to reach Greece - 4 September: Abdullah Kurdi, the father of two children who drowned with their mother as they attempted to reach Greece from Turkey, is preparing to take their bodies back to Kobani in Syria for burial - 6 September: A newborn baby boy found dead on Greek island of Kos after his parents reached the shores in a boat, as Greece is struggling to cope with a wave of refugees from the war in Syria and as refugees and migrants clash with police on another Greek island - 17 October 2015: EU-member Hungary closes its border with Croatia using barbed wire to block the path of desperate refugees and migrants to get to northern Europe, as dictator Assad, Russian, Iranian and Hezbollah terrorists commit more war crimes in Syria - 20 October: At a meeting with the EU reprehensive Lara Scarpetta, the Syrian Coalition’s political committee stressed that the Russian airstrikes are exclusively targeting civilians and rebel fighters allowing ISIS to extend its territory, urging the EU to take firm stand of the Russian aggression and to increase humanitarian aid to Syrian refugees - 6 November: Syrian Coalition submitted a memorandum to the EU containing a legal study on the unlawfulness of the Russian aggression on Syria, documenting war crimes and crimes against humanity committed by Assad and Russia - 16 December: Syrian Coalition calls on EU to condemn the continued indiscriminate use of violence by the Assad regime and Russia carried out by its aircrafts against civilians in Syria - 19 December: UN refugee chief Guterres calls for 'massive resettlement' of Syrians in Europe
2016: 16 January 2016: New UN chief for refugees Filippo Grandi says he hopes Europe's refugee and migration crisis will be solved soon if the necessary political decisions are made - 6 February 2016: European Commission 'extremely worried', USA's Obama administration 'deeply concerned' about the worsening humanitarian crisis due to Assad regime's barbaric onslaught, backed by the Russian regime, the Iranian regime and foreign militias - 9 February 2016: West must condemn Russian action in Syria and the bombardment, activists say in letters to British newspaper - 13 February 2016: While Western leaders are not criminally responsible for the deaths of 470,000 Syrians so far murdered by the Assad regime since 2011, his helpers from Iran and Hezbollah and the Russian fighter jets bombing from high, it has happened on their watch and to a large degree through their inaction, Israeli newspaper 'Haaretz' says - 15 February: Lithuanian president Dalia Grybauskaite calls for responding to Russia’s violations of international law in Syria and Ukraine, warning that failing to respond to Russia’s actions will put Europe’s security at risk - 21 April 2016: During a meeting between the Syrian Coalition and European External Action Service's officials, Anas al-Abdah says any solution that does not lead to Assad’s departure is doomed to fail - 27 April 2016: EU's Mogherini rules out political future role for Assad in Syria - 23 May 2016: Syrian Coalition calls on EU to salvage political process through reviving the cessation of hostilities agreement and playing a more active role in Syria - 27 May 2016: Syrian Coalition's Bahra calls for EU pressure on Russia to accelerate political solution - 14 June 2016: Russia’s continued aggression on Syria disrupts Geneva negotiations, Syrian Coalition says in Brussels, meeting with European officials to discuss stepping up efforts to reach a political solution - 17 June: EU promises to respond to the Syrian opposition’s requests to step up its engagement on the political track of the Syrian file and create conditions for a substantive resumption to the Geneva talks ending to the monopoly of the USA and Russian regime over the solution in Syria - 28 June 2016: Syrian HNC's Basma Qadamani calls on the EU to impose sanctions on Russian companies involved in the delivery of arms shipments to the Assad's regime which uses them to indiscriminately bomb liberated areas across Syria - 19 juillet 2016: Près de 60 civils, dont 11 enfants, morts et des dizaines de blessés mardi dans des raids de la coalition menée par les Etats-Unis près du village d'al-Toukhar tenu par Daech dans la province d'Alep, selon l'OSDH - 19 July 2016: As at least 500 civilians were killed in aerial attacks by the Assad regime and Russia forces on Aleppo and its countryside between 11-19 July mainly directed on the rebel-held areas, Syrian Coalition's Yahya says that the Syrian people lost confidence in the international community as more get killed every day - 20 July: Syrian Coalition's Anas Alabdah sent a letter to the foreign ministers of the USA-led coalition in the wake of the horrific massacres committed in the town of Manbij by aircrafts which claimed the lives of over 125 civilians, calling for suspension of the coalition’s airstrikes
October 2016: 11 October 2016: As British MPs debate the war in Syria and possible ways to end the bloodshed, in contrast to other European parliaments like the German that not by hazard never discussed Assad's war against the Syrian people since 2011, the medics and rescue teams of east Aleppo are going about their grim daily task of picking through rubble left by airstrikes and patching up survivors - 18 October 2016: The European Union's 28 foreign ministers on Monday condemned Russia's air campaign in Syria, saying it may be guilty of war crimes and that Russian atrocities in Syria should be referred to the International Criminal Court, also vowing to impose more sanctions on Bashar al-Assad's regime, after France and Britain pushed hard for the support of all the bloc's 28 governments, hoping that a unified chastisement of Russia would help bring an end to Russian- and Iranian-backed regime's offensive and France's foreign minister said that the EU had a moral obligation to act and 'to stop the massacre of the population of Aleppo' - 18/19 October 2016: Syrian opposition states that EU credibility at stake as Russia’s war crimes continue unchallenged, saying that in addition to the imposition of sanctions on the Assad regime, the EU needs to take restrictive measures against Russian regime, and that 'it is unacceptable that some member nations of the European Union continue to defend Russia against credible action and lighten pressure on it despite their ability to immediately stop the disaster occurring in eastern Aleppo' - 19 October 2016: Russian convoy of warships, including an aircraft carrier carrying fighter bombers, passes Britain, monitored by governments and politicians, since nearly 6 years concerned about their discussion threads with brutal criminals and Russian, Iranian and Assad terrorists and not about the victims, on its way to Syria where it is thought they will participate in a final assault on the besieged city of Aleppo, where children are coming as body parts to surviving doctors in out bombed hospitals - 21 October 2016: EU fails to agree on threatening Russia with sanctions over Aleppo as push by Britain, France and Germany to address Syrian bombing campaign lacks unanimous support at Brussels summit - 26 October 2016: 'Spain signed the EU statement on war crimes Russia in Aleppo last week, today helps refuel the fleet en route to commit more', European parliament's Guy Verhofstadt says, as Spain plans to let Russian warships refuel en route to Syria - 26 October 2016: First European lawsuit to target Assad regime for its involvement in the disappearance of two French nationals in Syria in 2013, as Syrian Coalition urges Syrian nationals holding a second European nationality to lodge complaints against the Assad regime for the war crimes and crimes against humanity its forces are committing against their loved ones in Syria
November 2016: 30 November 2016: Syrian Coalition's Fahd calls upon the European Union to intervene urgently to save the lives of hundreds of thousands of civilians currently trapped in eastern Aleppo, also calling on the EU to play a more effective role commensurate with its position in the international community - 30 November 2016: 'As Assad’s forces, backed by the Russians, make their final move on Syria’s second city, the world can only count the cost of a humanitarian and military disaster it failed to stop', the British newspapter Guardian says
December 2016: 1 December 2016: Syrian Coalition's Anas Abdah urges 15-member group of friends of the Syrian people as well as to international and regional organizations to press for stopping the brutal bombing campaign by the Assad regime and Russia air forces - 14 December 2016: Syrian Coalition's Abdul Ilah Fahd calls upon the European countries and the USA to take urgent, concrete action to stop the massacres being committed by the Assad regime and its Russian and Iranian allies in besieged eastern Aleppo - 15 December 2016: ‘More than words are needed to save civilians’, the mayor of east Aleppo Brita Hagi Hasan says as he arrives in Brussels to address the EU summit, wanting European countries to send monitors to ensure thousands of residents trying to flee the besieged Syrian city make it out safely - 16 December 2016: EU leaders condemn Russia and Iran over Aleppo carnage, as German chancellor accuses the Kremlin and Tehran of 'crimes' that 'must be avenged'
January/February 2017: 4 January 2017: European Parliament's Dutch MP Marietje Schaake criticizes the failure of European countries to stand by the Syrian people in the war that has been waged on them by the Assad regime since 2011, calling the situation in Syria is 'a disgrace to our current generation' - 16 January 2017: After nearly six years of Assad's ongoing war against the Syrian people, European Union foreign ministers in Brussels discuss to continue discussions on the EU's role in supporting a full ceasefire and a genuine political transition in Syria - 14 February 2017: Syrian National Coalition calls on the EU to assume a more active role in pushing forward the negotiations for a political solution in Syria - 21 February 2017: Demanding support of the the EU and the USA, the Syrian Network for Human Rights calls for a preliminary prosecution of the users of chemical weapons in mandated regional tribunals
April 2017: 5 April 2017: Syrian Coalition sent letters to 26 countries and international organizations, including the UN, the EU, and the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, explaining the repercussions of the chemical attack by the Assad regime against civilians in the town of Khan Sheikhoun in rural Idlib on Tuesday - 26 April 2017: French intelligence has proof that Assad forces were behind Khan Sheikhoun sarin attack
May 2017: 8 May 2017: Syrian Coaltion's Riad Seif stresses need to develop relations with the EU in meeting with EU foreign affairs advisor Lara Scarpitta - 9 May 2017: Almost four years ago, Italian forces ignored a sinking ship full of Syrian refugees and let more than 250 including 60 children drown, says leaked audio - 17 May 2017: EU's Federica Mogherini said that the entire EU 'is united behind the goal of a political solution to the war, and the means to achieve it' as she stressed accountability for war crimes as key to resolving the conflict in Syria and as Syrian Coalition's Nazir Hakim warned that international inaction towards the Assad regime’s use of chemical and non-conventional weapons against the Syrian people risks creating security threats affecting the whole world - 29 May 2017: Syrian Coalition's Riad Seif met with Netherlands Special Envoy for Syria Gerard Steeghs and Renko Verheij to discuss the latest developments in Syria, urging support for basic services projects, as France's Macron hosts Russia's war criminal Putin in Versailles - 30 May 2017: EU extends sanctions on Assad regime for another year, adds 3 ministers to list
June 2017: 5 June 2017: In Brussels Syrian Coalition calls for greater EU role in Syria to curb regime violence, saying that Europe has failed to take action to end the crimes of the Assad regime, Russia and Iran - 22 June 2017: Meeting with a delegation of British diplomats and talking about the need to support the Syrian Interim Government SIG to be able to provide services to civilians in the liberated areas, to administer the liberated areas and restore security and stability, the Syrian Coalition says that the international community should have courage to admit failure to protect Syrians instead of inventing excuses
July 2017: 10 July 2017: Dutch and French activists call for an international investigation into the death of Syrian refugees under torture in Lebanon and for holding perpetrators to account - 17 July 2017: EU imposes sanctions against 16 additional persons of the Assad regime, including 8 high-ranking military officials and 8 'scientists', for their role in the development and use of chemical weapons against the civilian population
October 2017: 9 October 2017: EU Officials reportedly urging Syrian opposition to accept war criminal Assad remaining, pursuing 'normalization' with Assad through the diplomatic and security fields - 11 October 2017: USA urges allies to sanction Hezbollah and disrupt its activities, as Iran-backed group has been heavily involved in the crimes against the Syrian people - 28 October 2017: Human Rights Watch has urged the international community to slap sanctions on the Assad regime after UN investigators blamed Assad regime forces for a sarin gas attack that killed dozens back in April 4
January/February 2018: 23 January 2018: About 10,900 persons reportedly killed by the International Coalition’s warplanes in 40 months including thousands of civilians including hundreds of children and women - 21 February 2018: France says that the bombings on eastern Ghouta by the Assad regime and its allies targeting 'inhabited areas and civilian infrastructure, including medical facilities ... constitute a serious violation of international humanitarian law' - 22 February 2018: Germany's Angela Merkel calls for end to 'massacre' in Syria, condemning the Syrian regime for targeting 'its own people', 'the killing of children, the destruction of hospitals' - 25 February 2018: The response to years of atrocities enacted by the Syrian Assad regime and his allies has been shameful, European, North American countries and their allies should reconsider their policy and change their response to brutality and impunity, the director of foreign policy at the Centre for European Reform Ian Bond says
March 2018: 16 March 2018: Members of the European Parliament have called for the establishment of a Syrian war crimes tribunal and the referral of Syria to the International Criminal Court as attacks by the Assad regime continue to cause mounting civilian casualties in many areas across Syria, particularly in eastern Ghouta, as rights group slams seven years of 'catastrophic failure’ of the international community in Syria - 17 March 2018: Syrian Kurds call the EU to condemn Turkey
April 2018: 4 April 2018: British, French, German and USA's joint statement marking the first anniversary of the chemical massacre in Khan Shaykhun, as Russian-backed Assad regime forces carry out raids on areas in Idlib province, amid increased aerial bombardments - 25 April 2018: As an EU donor conference aims to raise up to $6bn to help Syrians displaced both inside and outside the country, head of the UN’s humanitarian task force for Syria Jan Egeland warns Idlib could be next Syrian disaster zone in 'marathon of pain', now lasting 'two years longer than the second world war' - 25 April 2018: Donor conference for Syrian refugees falls $5bn short of UN target - 30 April 2018: SNHR documents in a report the deaths of 64 civilians, including 12 children, at the hands of regime forces and their Russian allies in the two weeks since the USA-British-French military strike, that has done little to stem the flow of civilian deaths
May 2018: 2 May 2018: In a documenting report SNHR says that the Assad regime and its backers killed dozens of civilians across Syria in April 2018, adding at a meeting that brought together seven European countries, that accountability for war crimes in Syria is essential to bring an end to 'hopelessness and exhaustion that have afflicted the Syrian society' - 13 May 2018: As SOHR says that about 85% of more than half a million people killed in Syria since 2011 were civilians killed by Assad, his Iranian, Hezbollah and Russian allies, and after Europe has done nothing to end the war crimes, German chancellor Angela Merkel, receiving a peace award from Franciscan monks, says on 12 May 2018 that Europe needs to do more to end the war in Syria, while neo-Nazi linked 'Alternative for Germany' speaks at Catholic Convention in the city of Münster
9 September 2018: 9 September 2018: As Putin incites more atrocities in Syria, Europe is exposed as craven, the Guardian's Nick Cohen says
10 September 2018 price of non-intervention in Assad's war unacceptably high: 10 September 2018: Foreign affairs committee report says the price of non-intervention in Assad's seven-year war has been unacceptably high in terms of lost lives, increased Russian and Iranian influence and severe consequences for Europe
March 2019 Europe’s role crucial: 1 March 2019: Assad can still be brought to justice and Europe’s role is crucial, British Guardian's Natalie Nougayrède Says
July 2019 seized Iranian supertanker violated sanctions: 4 July 2019: Gibraltar detains Syria-bound supertanker with Iranian oil, as Panamanian-flagged carrier is believed to be in violation of EU sanctions against war-ravaged Assad regime - 5 July 2019: Nearly 30 British troops working with the Gibraltarian police have helped seize Iranian supertanker suspected of carrying 2m barrels of oil to Syria off the coast of Gibraltar, in a dramatic manoeuvre Spain said had been conducted at the request of the USA, as Iranian regime responded by summoning Britain’s ambassador to its foreign ministry to explain what it described as an 'illegal seizure', which had been earlier described by the UK as enforcing the EU’s sanctions regime against Syria
July 2019: 9 July 2019: Britain has agreed to deploy additional special forces in Syria alongside France to allow the USA to withdraw its ground troops from the ongoing fight against the remaining Isis forces in the country
September 2019: 23 September 2019: Syrian Negotiations Commission's delegation met the EU foreign policy chief Federica Mogherini on the sidelines of UN General Assembly meetings in New York, discussing the humanitarian catastrophe unfolding in Idlib resulting from the brutal bombardment being carried out by Assad regime and Russia forces in northwestern Syria
21/22 October 2019 'Europe cannot simply be an onlooker' in the current Syria situation: 22 October 2019: Expected to be put forward at the meeting of NATO defense ministers, scheduled from October 24-25, Germany's Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer said that she would table a plan for an internationally managed safe zone to be established in northern Syria, pointing out that 'Europe cannot simply be an onlooker' in the current Syria situation, as SPD and Greens contradict, saying the proposition damages 'Deutschlands Ruf als zuverlässigen Partner'
24 October 2019: Mazloum Abdi, head of the Syrian Democratic Forces, welcomed a German proposal for an international force to establish a security zone in the north of the country
5 November 2019 ex-UN Syria envoy says he quit to avoid having to shake Assad's hand: 5 November 2019: Saying EU’s failure to address Syria crisis led to Brexit vote, ex-UN Syria envoy Staffan de Mistura says he quit to avoid having to shake Assad's hand
10 November 2019 Kurdish leaders warn EU over Islamic State terrorists: 10 November 2019: Kurdish leaders tell EU to get tough with Turkey or face Islamic State terrorist fighters, also saying the West should investigate Turkey's alleged use of chemical weapons against the Kurds
29 December 2019 EU demands an end of Assad's and Putin's crimes against civilians: 29 décembre 2019: L'Union européenne a appelé Damas et ses alliés à mettre un terme à 'l'escalade de la violence' et aux 'bombardements indiscriminés' de civils dans le nord-ouest de la Syrie. Elle a aussi exigé 'un accès humanitaire rapide, sûr et sans entrave'
European Union/Thailand relations: European Union/Thailand relations
April 2016: 28 April 2016: EU-Thailand relations after the military coup in May 2014, as country’s key fishing and fruit industries have come under the spotlight from Brussels, whilst human rights activists and lawyers allege a crackdown on any dissent to the junta
January 2019: 10 January 2019: EU under fire after lifting threat to ban Thai seafood imports over illegal fishing as campaigners claim Thailand has failed to address labour abuses
European Union/Togo relations: Relations entre le Togo et l'Union européenne
European Union/Tunisia relations: The European Union is Tunisia's first trading partner with a total trade amounting to approximately €20.6 billion in 2012 - Association Agreement with the EU since July 1995
2018: 12 February 2018: Growing unemployment, dwindling wages and tax hikes in Tunisia trigger rise in illegal migration and concerns over terrorism, as downturn drives European exodus
June 2018: 3 June 2018: Dozens drown and rescuers save at least 60 lives after vessel with about 180 people onboard sank off Tunisia coast
European Union/Turkey relations: European Union/Turkey relations - accession to the European Union fraught with obstacles by Turkey - 22 October 2013: The EU has agreed to resume long-running talks on Turkey’s membership, scheduled for November 5 - 7 June: Turkey must investigate the excessive use of force by police against anti-government protesters, EU Enlargement Commissioner Stefan Fuele says in Istanbul
2015: 15 April 2015: Turkey's Erdogan says Turkey would disregard the European Parliament's vote later on Wednesday on the 1915 mass killings of Armenians - 6 October 2015: EU and Turkey join forces to thwart Russia's Syria intervention - 11 novembre 2015: Quatorze réfugiés et migrants, dont sept enfants, sont morts noyés mercredi à l'aube au large de la Turquie lors du naufrage de leur embarcation qui se dirigeait vers l'île grecque de Lesbos - 30 November 2015: EU has offered Turkey three billion euros to help Syrian refugees in Turkey in return for Turkish help in stemming migrant flows
2016: 19 February 2016: EU and Turkey to hold special summit on the international refugee and migrant crisis in early March - 6/7 March 2016: Refugee 'bottleneck' in Greece leads to warning of humanitarian crisis, as EU-Turkey summit to focus on stemming flow of refugees and migrants to Europe - 23 March: Turkey prepares list of 25,000 Syrian refugees to send to Europe in 'exchange' for refugees and migrants to be returned from Greece to Turkey - 24 April 2016: After facing judge and arrest ('Police at the door. No joke') over tweets deemed critical of president Erdogan, Dutch journalist Ebru Umar blocked from leaving Turkey, a country wanting accession to the EU - 6 May 2016: Visa-free travel deal between the EU and Turkey on the brink of collapse, after Erdogan insisted he would not change Turkey’s anti-terrorism laws, a key condition of the agreement because used in the country to prosecute journalists and government critics - 20 May 2016: The EU-Turkey migration deal has been thrown further into chaos after an independent authority examining appeals claims in Greece ruled against sending a Syrian refugee back to Turkey, potentially creating a precedent for thousands of other similar cases - 18 July 2016: European politicians urge Turkey's government to respect rule of law after failed coup
24 novembre 2016: Les députés du Parlement européen demandent le gel des négociations d'adhésion avec la Turquie et dénoncent le recul des droits de l'homme et la répression 'disproportionnée' en cours depuis le coup d'Etat manqué
2017: 13 March 2017: Turkey threatens to re-evaluate a key deal to halt the flow of migrants to Europe in a dramatic escalation of its diplomatic row with EU member states, as Erdogan defies pleas from Brussels to tone down his rhetoric, repeating accusations of European 'nazism' and support of terrorism and suspends high-level political contacts with the Netherlands - 18 April 2017: European Commission calls on Turkey to investigate alleged irregularities in Sunday's referendum boosting the powers of Turkish president Erdogan, also urging him to show restraint after his narrow victory
March 2018: 17 March 2018: Syrian Kurds call the EU to condemn Turkey - 16/17 March 2018: At least 16 casualties, including 2 pregnant women, and more injured people in a massacre by Turkish forces targeting the only hospital in Afrin city, as Turkish forces try to break into the city from its north - 17 March 2018: More than 150,000 people reportedly displaced in the last few days from Syria’s Afrin town
July 2019 EU will sanction Turkey over gas drilling: 16 July 2019: EU agrees to sanction Turkey over gas drilling off Cypriot coast despite repeated warnings - 16 July 2019: Turkey says EU funding cuts won’t affect drilling off Cyprus, accusing bloc’s FMs of being ‘prejudiced and biased’ for sanctions in protest of Turkish operations in occupied waters
11 October 2019 Sweden demands EU weapons embargo against Turkey: 11 October 2019: Sweden will push for a EU weapons embargo against Turkey at an EU foreign ministers meeting on Monday, as FM Ann Linde condemnded Turkey's military offensive in northeastern Syria, saying 'it violates international law, destabilises the situation and risks having great humanitarian consequences'
17 October 2019 German arms exports to Turkey rising: 17 October 2019: German arms exports to Turkey at 14-year high, data shows, despite an EU resolution to limit arms sales to Turkey's regime, on track to top the list of countries buying German weapons
18 October 2019 Europe demanded to stop war against Kurds: 18 October 2019: An appeal to Europe to stop Turkish war against Kurds
European Union/Ukraine relations: European Union/Ukraine relations
2012/2013: 3. Mai 2012: Die EU-Kommission boykottiert die EM in der Ukraine - Plan on Priority Measures for European Integration of Ukraine for 2013 - 24 novembre: Des dizaines de milliers d'Ukrainiens manifestent pour un rapprochement avec l'UE - 28 November: Eastern Partnership Summit in Vilnius in the shadow of Ukraine’s decision to scrap deal with the EU following pressure from Moscow - 29 novembre: L'Europe ne convainc pas le gouvernement de l'Ukraine de se tourner vers l'Ouest - 30 November: Tear gas fills Kiev's Liberty Square as critics of president's decision to block EU trade deal are dispersed by force - 1 December: Yanukovych government's bloody crackdown leads to call for sanctions - 10 décembre: Attendue à Kiev, Ashton redoute un 'déraillement' de la crise - 12 December: Ukraine diplomatic battle heats up over Yanukovych EU agreement claim
2014: 20 February 2014: EU and US consider sanctions against Yanukovich after Kiev crackdown - 21 février: Face aux violences à Kiev l'Union européenne annonce les premières sanctions - 24 February: European nations scramble to support Ukrainian democracy - 24 February 2014: USA and European allies warn Putin regime against Ukraine grab amid break-up fears - 4 March: USA-Europe rifts surfacing as Putin regime tightens Crimea grip and EU ministers spare trade sanctions - 5 March: EU offers Ukraine $15 billion, but help hinges on IMF deal - 6 March: EU leaders to hold emergency talks to decide how strongly they should respond to Russia's troop deployment in Ukraine's Crimea region - 6/7 March: USA and EU impose sanctions for Russia's 'violation of sovereignty' of Ukraine and warn Russia to seek a diplomatic solution - 17 March: USA and EU expected to announce sanctions against Putin regime after Crimean referendum on joining Russia - 21 March: EU signs landmark association agreement with Ukraine - 7 April: Ukraine's president to address parliamentary assembly of the Council of Europe over pro-Russian threats to the democratic institutions and attacks in eastern Ukraine - 17 April: EU to launch free trade with Ukraine on 1 November 2014 - 24 April: All persons illegally detained by armed groups in Eastern Ukraine must be immediately released and separatists must immediately hand in arms, EU says - 24 April: EU recognizes the right of the Ukrainian authorities to take security measures to protect the sovereignty of the state - 2 May: Ukraine, EU, Russia fail to agree on price for Russian gas for Ukraine - 8 May: Unauthorized local referenda have no democratic legitimacy and can only lead to further escalation in Ukraine, EU's Maja Kocijancic says - 13 May: EU has officially announced that it will not recognize 'illegal and illegitimate referenda' of separatists in Donetsk and Luhansk regions of Ukraine - 13 May: EU gives Ukraine 1 bln euros in macro-financial aid - 14 May: Pro-Russian separatists kill seven Ukrainian soldiers in a bloody ambush questioning new Europe push for Ukraine talks - 15 May: EU opens market for Ukrainian goods and services with about 98% of duties nullified - 23 June: EU to send security mission to Ukraine - 24 June: EU completed technical preparations for signing association deal with Ukraine on June 27 - 28 June: Ukraine signs historic trade and economic pact with EU - 12 July: EU imposes sanctions on A. Borodai, leader of Donetsk 'republic', and 10 others, facing travel bans and asset freezes, as clashes continue in east - 26 July: EU sends advisers to assist the Ukrainian government in imposing the rule of law in rebel areas - 18 August: In a meeting of foreign ministers of France, Germany, Russia, Ukraine, discussing in a difficult conversation the situation in eastern Ukraine, some progress reportedly achieved - 12 September: Expressing support for all defenders of Ukraine's sovereignty, EU Commissioner Stefan Fule asks Ukrainian authorities to support residents of Donbas - 7 October: EU sends in drones to save Ukraine truce - 18 October: Ukraine-Russia peace hopes rise as gas deal edges closer - 22 October: Ukraine to get about EUR 2 bln in EU financial assistance - 29 November: EU acts against pro-Russia separatists and their political parties with more sanctions
2015: 10 February 2015: A meeting of representatives of 'Norman Quartet' in Berlin has yielded 'some tangible results' for the negotiations of the leaders of the four states in Minsk on February 11 concerning eastern Ukraine, Ukraine's Andriy Melnyk says - 11 February: Ukraine's president Poroshenko to address EU summit on Thursday, EU's Donald Tusk says adding that the summit will assess the situation in Ukraine, relations with Russia and discuss 'appropriate actions' - 12 February: Ceasefire for eastern Ukraine agreed in Minsk - Minsk II - on 11/12 February 2015 Ukraine, Russia, France and Germany agreed in Minsk to a package of measures to alleviate the ongoing war in the Donbass region of Ukraine - 13 February: In Brussels European worries voiced about potential escalation of fighting before truce on Sunday - 17 February: French, Ukrainian presidents and German chancellor discussed ceasefire violations on telephone stressing that OSCE observers must have free access to the Donbas conflict zone, also calling Russia's Putin to withdraw heavy weapons from the frontline - 19 February: Ukraine and EU agree on immediate response to further Russian-backed aggression against Ukraine after brutal seizure of Debaltseve - 25 February: Partnership with Ukraine determined priority in new EU energy strategy - 3 March: New talks of the 'Normandy Four' in Berlin on March 6 suggested - 19 March: EP International Trade Committee approves allocation of EUR 1.8 billion to Ukraine - 21/22 May: 4th Summit of Eastern Partnership begins, as the EU's approach to the eastern partnership including Ukraine is high on agenda in Riga - 22 May: EU leaders and their colleagues of six former Soviet republics concluded Riga summit by issuing a joint declaration on maintaining their 'Eastern Partnership', but EU membership of eastern partners not considered in Riga - 21 September: EU's Federica Mogherini says Donbas elections must be organised by Ukraine - 3 October: France's Hollande and Germany's Merkel address the press after so-called 'Normandy Four' Paris summit, saying France, Germany, Russia and Ukraine had agreed that local elections in eastern Ukraine planned by Russia-backed separatists on 18 October could not go ahead, as Ukraine's president Poroshenko and Russia's Murder-Putin leave Ukraine ceasefire talks in Paris without comment - 26 October: Ukraine's local elections are democratic, EU says - 9 November: EU foreign affairs chief Federica Mogherini due in Ukraine for talks, saying that Ukraine remains top priority of the European agenda and re-affirming the EU's committment to sanctions on Russia - 12 November: An IMF mission and EU's commissioner for trade Cecilia Malmström in Kyiv to discuss Ukraine-EU free trade zone
2016: 1 February 2016: Ukraine's Petro Poroshenko urges Europe to keep sanctions in place until Russia 'gets out of Donbas' - 14 February: EU's Mogherini supports anti-Russian sanctions until Minsk deal fully implemented - 28 May: Representatives of the EU and the UN Development Programme have signed an agreement with the governors of Donetsk and Luhansk regions to allocate EUR 10mln for the restoration of effective management and development of local communities - 30 September 2016: EU Commissioner for Trade Cecilia Malmström announces additional market access preferences for Ukraine - 15 October 2016: Ukrainian president Poroshenko believes that Russia will not terminate its policy of aggression until the world is united to stop Russian Putin regime, calling 'to make every effort to unmask the manifestation of Russian aggression wherever we only can – in Donbas, in the case of the downed MH17, and in Aleppo', emphasizing the importance of solidarity of the whole world in this issue and further extension of sanctions against Russia - 20 October 2016: 'Normandy Four' states agree to develop a 'road map' of the implementation of the Minsk agreements till November, Ukrainain president says, and Ukraine should regain control of its eastern border with Russia at the end of Minsk - 17 November 2016: EU states give conditional approval to visa-free travel for Ukraine
2017: 10 May 2017: The EU will announce the simplification of the visa regime with Ukraine in a few days, according to EU's Federica Mogherini also saying the EU would never recognize the illegal annexation of Crimea by Russia
February 2018: 28 February 2018: The EU, EU Member States, the European Parliament and International Organizations were today in Brussels briefed on the dire humanitarian situation faced by 4.4 million conflict-affected people in eastern Ukraine
April 2018: 3 April 2018: Former Ukrainian president Viktor Yushchenko urges Europe to unite and wake up to Russia's 'medieval policy', following the Salisbury poisoning using 'novichok' - 3 April 2018: 'Normandy Four' summit reportedly may take place without Russia in May to discuss deployment of a UN peacekeeping mission in Donbas - 29 April 2018: Ukraine calls on international community to put more pressure on Russia over escalation in Donbas
June 2018: 13 June 2018: EU Parliament supported the European Commission's proposal to allocate the fourth package of macro-financial assistance to Ukraine, amounting to EUR 1 billion
February 2019: 9 February 2019: Two EU states Denmark, Sweden and Switzerland allocate aid for Donbas, aiming to help the population affected by aggression and hostilities and marking the beginning of efforts to resolve key issues in Donetsk and Luhansk regions
18 June 2019: 18 June 2019: In an interview with a German newspapter Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelensky calls for tougher sanctions against the Russian Federation to liberate the occupied Ukrainian territories, namely Crimea and parts of Donbas
25 June 2019: 25 June 2019: Ukrainian president Zelensky is disappointed by the decision of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe PACE to reinstate the voting rights of the Russian Federation's delegation, saying he 'tried to convince Mr. Macron and Mrs. Merkel that the return of the Russian delegation to the PACE is possible only after Russia fulfills the Assembly's fundamental requirements. It is a pity that our European partners haven't heard us' - 25 June 2019: Ukraine walks out of Europe human rights body as Russian regime returns
August 2019 EU against Russia's return to G7: 22 August 2019: EU against Russia's return to G7 world leaders' talks, official says
European Union/United Kingdom relations: European Union/United Kingdom relations
Since 1975: June 1975 United Kingdom European Communities membership referendum - Euroscepticism in the United Kingdom - United Kingdom and the euro
2014/2015: 9 January 2014: NSA and GCHQ activities appear illegal, says EU parliamentary inquiry, demanding end to indiscriminate collection of personal data by British and USA agencies - 2 June 2014: British PM Cameron accused of blackmail and threats as he tries to stop Jean-Claude Juncker becoming president of the European commission - 24 October 2014: EU demand for extra £1.7bn from UK prompts emergency meeting as PM Cameron says the demand is 'unacceptable' - 16 December 2015: Flirting with leaving the EU 'very dangerous', John Major says
2016: 15 mai 2016: Pour défendre une sortie de l'Europe l'ex-maire de Londres et chef de file du camp pro-Brexit Boris Johnson compare l'UE à Hitler
June 2016 'Brexit': 23 June 2016 UK EU membership referendum - United Kingdom withdrawal from the European Union - 24 June 2016: We want Britain out as soon as possible, EU parliament leader says after UK 'Brexit' voting - 25 June 2016: Emergency meetings as EU pushes for UK to act on leave vote
March 2017: 25 March 2017: Britain’s decision to leave the EU has been described by the Italian PM Paolo Gentiloni as 'closed nationalism' that belongs in the past, during a summit in Rome, where prime ministers and presidents reaffirm commitment to unity - 29 March 2017: Leaked European parliament resolution and EU response to article 50 takes tough line on transitional deal with the UK
April 2017: 10 April 2017: In a letter to Holyrood signed by 26 MEPs as well as members of national and regional parliaments in Germany, Ireland, Greece, Spain and Belgium, European politicians say that Scotland would be 'most welcome' to rejoin the EU as a full member if it voted for independence - 28 April 2017: Europe could allow a united Ireland to join EU after Brexit
May 2017: 27 May 2017: We need deal with the EU to combat terror, experts tell UK prime minister Theresa May
Since 19 June 2017 Brexit negotiations: Brexit negotiations between the United Kingdom and the European Union - UK's invocation of Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union - EU negotiating directives for Brexit - 20 June 2017: UK caves in to EU demand to agree Brexit divorce bill before trade talks - 23 June 2017: UK plan for EU citizens' rights is vague and inadequate, EU officials say, as May urged by campaign groups to match EU's offer on rights of Britons living in Europe - 8 December 2017: 'Progress' in Brexit talks announced after May's dash to Brussels
2 August 2018 EU worries about its future: 2 August 2018: UK's Brexit proposals threaten future of EU, EU negotiator says, as British PM May is cutting short the first leg of her holiday to meet France’s president Macron at the medieval fortress Fort de Brégançon on a Mediterranean islet, built in 1483 as part of the French monarchy's coastal defence efforts
November 2018: 20 November 2018: British PM May is to travel to Brussels to finalise a proposed Brexit deal in a meeting with the European commission president ahead of crucial European and British decisions - 25 November 2018: EU backs Theresa May's deal in Brussels, marking 'moment of deep sadness’, as Brexiters accuse May of betrayal after giving way to Spain’s demands over the future of Gibraltar, a disputed British overseas territory of the iberian peninsula, and as Brexiter Boris Johnson in a provocative speech warns at DUP conference in Belfast that the UK is 'on the verge of making a historic mistake'
February 2019: 24/25 February 2019: Brexit could be delayed until 2021, as EU reportedly determined to avoid uncertainty of three-month extension requests - 12 March 2019: Saying EU ‘has done everything it can', EU warns no-deal Brexit likely after UK Parliament shoots down May again
3 July 2019 Black MEP asked to leave: 3 July 2019: Black MEP Magid Magid, who represents Yorkshire and the Humber for the Green party, and former lord mayor of Sheffield, claims he was asked to leave the European parliament building in Strasbourg by an official on his first day
August 2019 EU citizens demand clarity on their status: 20 August 2019: Citizens from other EU member states living in Britain have called on the government to provide more clarity urgently on their status in the event of a sharp end to free movement following a no-deal Brexit
9 October 2019 Brexit talks come to a halt: 9 October 2019: Brexit talks in Brussels between EU and the UK come to a halt, as both sides confirm that no further negotiations are scheduled
15 October 2019 EU's Barnier demands UK's answer: 15 October 2019: EU's Barnier has set UK's Johnson a midnight deadline to concede to European Union demands and agree to a customs border in the Irish Sea or be left with nothing to take to the Commons, as Republic of Ireland says 'big step forward' needed today for deal to be agreed at EU summit
17 October 2019 Democratic Unionist party's refusal: 17 October 2019: UK PM announces 'great deal that takes back control’ despite refusal of DUP to back agreement
23 October 2019 EU leaders back call to grant Brexit delay: 23 October 2019: European leaders back call to grant Brexit delay to end of January 2020
28 October 2019 Brexit extension to 31 January agreed: 28 October 2019: EU agrees Brexit extension to 31 January
November 2019 EU launches legal action against UK: 14 November 2019: EU launches legal action after UK fails to nominate commission candidate
European Union/United Nations relations: European Union/United Nations relations
Since 1961 WEOG: Since 1961 Western European and Others Group WEOG with 28 member states, one of five unofficial Regional Groups in the UN that act as voting blocs and negotiation forums formed since 1961 to encourage voting to various UN bodies from regional groups - List of members of the UN Security Council and members of Regional Groups
2014/2015: 8 April 2014: UN urges full inclusion of Roma people in decision-making in Europe, marking International Romani Day
2015/2016: 12 May 2015: EU urges UN to back its plan to confront the Mediterranean migrant crisis by using military force against smugglers - 27 May: Europe must do more to help migrants crossing the Mediterranean, UN's Ban Ki-moon says ahead of a visit to Brussels, as a planned EU naval operation awaits approval, adding that any approach should also look at the 'roots' of the problem in countries of origin - 17 September 2015: Hungary's treatment of refugees is shocking and unacceptable, UN secretary general Ban Ki-moon says - 17 November 2015: UN blasts Hungary for 'disgusting' demonisation of refugees - 22 November 2015: UNHCR, UNICEF and IOM criticise the newly imposed restrictions in the Balkans, saying that profiling of refugees and migrants on the basis of nationality is creating an increasingly untenable situation
2016: 27/28 February: UN's Ban Ki-moon urges European countries to keep borders open for refugees, as humanitarian challenges mount at Greek/Macedonian border and as refugees continue to pour into the area but Macedonia is refusing to allow them to pass following refusals of other European countries - 8 March 2016: The UN high commissioner for refugees Filippo Grandi questions the legality of an outline deal struck by the EU and Turkey saying he is very concerned that a hasty EU deal with Turkey could leave Syrian refugees unprotected and at risk of being sent back to a war zone
European Union and the International Criminal Court: European Union and the International Criminal Court
European Union/USA relations: European Union/USA relations
2012/2013: 13 December 2012: European Court of Human Rights rules that Khaled el-Masri was an innocent victim of extraordinary rendition, torture and ill-treatment by US CIA-agents - 7 June 2013: Europeans call for answers over US web spying - 8 June 2013: European Union concerned by US surveillance revelations showing the US government organising a huge dragnet of Internet and phone data, tapping servers of nine Internet giants - 30 June: US bugged European Union offices, computer networks, according to cited secret NSA documents calling the EU a 'target' - 30 June: Angry European Union demands answers over alleged US bugging - 2 July 2013: Amid reports that the US did not spare even its allies and friends from its spying operations, USA President Obama responds that all nations spy on each other - 4 July 2013: EU seeks dual talks on US surveillance, free trade deal - 6 septembre: Le secrétaire d'Etat américain John Kerry part pour l'Europe pour vanter auprès de ses homologues de l'UE le projet de frappes contre le régime d'Assad - 24 October: Immigration and US spying to dominate EU summit - 25 October: EU leaders warn USA 'spying' and damaged trust could harm fight against terror - 29 octobre 2013: Les Etats-Unis face à la colère des Européens visés par les opérations d'espionnage de l'administration Obama - 2 November: Europe's spies reportedly work together on mass surveillance - 20 December: GCHQ and NSA targeted charities, Germans, Israeli PM and EU chief
2014/2015: 9 January 2014: NSA and GCHQ activities appear illegal, says EU parliamentary inquiry, demanding end to indiscriminate collection of personal data by British and US agencies - 26 March 2014: EU-USA summit in Brussels - 20 January 2015: Rights group calls on European countries to admit CIA cooperation and to detail their roles in operations involving torture - 23 October 2015: EU appears to have broken a promise to reinforce environmental protections in a leaked draft negotiating text submitted in the latest round of TTIP talks in Miami
TTIP and TiSA: 'Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership TTIP' is a proposed trade agreement between the European Union and the USA - Trade in Services Agreement TiSA is a proposed international trade treaty between 23 Parties, including the EU and the USA
2016: 3 mars 2016: Des ONG portent plainte contre Monsanto et l'Autorité européenne de sécurité des aliments pour distorsion d'analyses afin de prouver l'innocuité du pesticide glyphosate - 13 April 2016: Whistleblowers fear prosecution under new European Trade Secrets law - 1 May: Leaked negotiating texts for TTIP deal between Europe and the USA show USA's attempts to lower or circumvent EU protection for environment and public health, Greenpeace says - 20 September: Far-reaching global trade deal 'Trade in Services Agreement Tisa' being negotiated in secret could threaten the goals of the Paris climate deal by making it harder for governments to favour clean energy over fossil fuels, a leak of the latest negotiating text shows
2017: 2 February 2017: European parliament’s main political parties are making an unprecedented attempt to block USA's Trump’s likely choice as ambassador to the European Union from EU buildings, who said 'I helped bring down the Soviet Union', 'so maybe there’s another union that needs a little taming' - 3 February 2017: Arriving at a summit in Malta French president Hollande described recent comments by the USA's Trump as unacceptable and warned there would be no future for Europe’s relations with the USA 'if this future isn’t defined in common' - 3 February: Europeans critizise USA's Trump over his anti-EU rhetoric, accusing him of a lack of respect, as Theresa May’s attempts to position herself as a bridge with the new USA president were roundly rejected at a summit in Malta
June 2018: 1 June 2018: EU opens WTO case against Trump's steel and aluminium tariffs
European Union/Venezuela relations: European Union/Venezuela relations
January/February 2019: 31 January 2019: EU parliament recognizes Guaido as Venezuelan interim president - 4 February 2019: EU countries recognise Juan Guaidó as interim Venezuelan leader after deadline for Maduro to call presidential elections expired - 7 février 2019: L'Union européenne, huit pays européens et cinq d'Amérique latine se réunissent dans la capitale uruguayenne pour tenter de trouver une issue négociée à la crise au Venezuela - 18 février 2019: Cinq députés européens qui se rendaient au Venezuela à l'invitation de Juan Guaido, reconnu par leurs pays respectifs comme président, ont dénoncé dimanche le refus des autorités vénézuéliennes de les laisser entrer - 24 février 2019: L'UE a condamné les actes de violence et le recours à des groupes armés par le régime au pouvoir au Venezuela pour empêcher l'entrée de l'aide humanitaire dans ce pays
European Union/Vietnam relations: European Union/Vietnam relations
October 2018 EU-Vietnam trade and investment agreements: 17 October 2018: EU-Vietnam trade and investment protection agreements
March 2019 children trafficking: 7 March 2019: Thousands of children trafficked from Vietnam to the UK are being abused and exploited in transit through Europe because governments are 'passing the buck' on their protection, research has found
June 2019 free-trade deal with Vietnam: 30 June 2019: Following deal with South American bloc 'Mercosur', EU has signed a landmark free-trade deal with Vietnam, the first of its kind with a developing country in Asia, paving the way for tariff cuts on almost all goods
Transatlantic relations and Nato: Transatlantic relations - North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO
2013: 2 September 2013: NATO's secretary-general Rasmussen claimed he had seen evidence convincing him Assad regime was behind the deadly chemical weapons attack near Damascus and said it would send a dangerous signal to dictators if the world did not respond firmly
2014: 2 March 2014: NATO meets on Ukraine, says Russia risks destabilizing Europe - 15 March: NATO's Anders Fogh Rasmussen says a planned referendum in Ukraine's Crimea region would violate international law - 16 March: Hackers calling itself 'cyber berkut' in Russian rather than Ukrainian brought down several public NATO websites with cyber-attacks on Saturday - 29 March: Norway's Stoltenberg to become next NATO chief - 1 April: NATO to bolster its military presence in eastern Europe as it sees no sign that Putin regime is withdrawing tens of thousands of troops from the Ukrainian border - 2 April: NATO suspends cooperation with Russia over its annexation of Crimea and will draft measures to strengthen its defences and reassure Eastern European countries - 8 April: NATO's chief warned Russian regime that it would be committing a historic mistake if it intervened further in Ukraine, urging it to step back after pro-Kremlin militants seized government buildings in several cities in the east - 10 April: As Russian military amassing near Ukraine border are 'ready to go,' NATO's Europe commander says USA troops may be sent to alliance member states in Eastern Europe now feeling at risk - 11 April: NATO satellite photos show Russian military build-up near Ukraine - 15 May: Russia has not taken one single step to fulfill its Geneva commitments of April 17, NATO's Rasmussen says - 24 July: NATO continues to see evidence of weapons being moved into Ukraine from Russia since the downing of Malaysian MH17 airliner - 8 August: NATO ready to help Ukraine reform defense - 20/21 September: NATO's General Breedlove hopeful about Saturday's announced agreement saying that Ukraine ceasefire is 'in name only' and Russian forces still operating in Ukraine - 24 September: Situation in Ukraine will be a priority for new NATO secretary general Stoltenberg in October - 30 September: Over half of Ukrainians see Ukraine in NATO, poll says - 1/2 October 2014: Taking up office as NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg says that NATO wishes to achieve a constructive relationship with Russia but that the prerequisites for such a relationship are currently not present, adding that the crisis in Ukraine, caused by Russia’s military intervention, is a major challenge to Euro-Atlantic security and that Russia remains in breach of international law - 30 October: Nato jets intercept Russian warplanes following 'unusual level of air activity' over Atlantic, North Sea, Baltic and Black Sea - 2 December: NATO, Ukraine concerned about build-up of Russia's military presence in Black Sea - 3 December: NATO steps up actions to deal with Ukraine crisis, announcing the establishment of an interim spearhead force
2015: 22 January 2015: NATO confirms Russian troops shift to Ukraine - 5 February: Russian-backed separatists trying to occupy new territories in Donbas, NATO's Jens Stoltenberg says - 7 February: Nato's Philip Breedlove not ruling out delivery of weapons and military equipment by member states to Ukraine - 20 February: Ceasefire in Ukraine observed 'in name only' and Russian regime has created a formidable army in eastern Ukraine, says Nato's Philip Breedlove, as leaders of France, Germany, Ukraine and Russia speak on the phone once again and discuss the crumbling ceasefire once more - 9 March: Nato's Philip Breedlove warns that Russian army is still in Ukraine despite Minsk peace deal - 21 March: NATO ready to consider Ukraine's bid for membership, if Ukraine decides to submit it - 24 April: No third party has the right to interfere in a decision for membership, Nato says, repeating that it is ready to consider Ukraine's bid - 23 June: USA pledges support for NATO rapid response force to protect Europe - 23 November: Today Inter-Parliamentary Council Ukraine-NATO will discuss the escalation of the security situation in Ukraine, as well as challenges created by Russia by its hybrid warfare technology faced by NATO Member States and its partner countries, and will consider further political and practical support to counter Russian aggression in Ukraine - 1 December 2015: NATO invites Montenegro to join security alliance
2016: 31 May 2016: Defence spending by Europe's NATO states reportedly set to rise for the first time in nearly a decade, figures show, as fears over Russian aggression and the migrant crisis in the Mediterranean stoke anxiety over security across the continent - 22 June 2016: Nato's Jens Stoltenberg says UK staying in the EU is key to fighting terrorism
2017: 25 May 2017: Video shows Montenegro PM at Nato photocall in the new headquarters in Brussels pushed aside by USA's Trump
February 2018: 1 February 2018: 'The silence of the Nato members is unacceptable when one of their members is killing civilians by the dozens', Afrin's Syrian Democratic Council's Ilham Ahmad says after Turkish regime’s assault, criticized as illegal under international law also by German lawmakers, has killed dozens of civilians, including women and children, wounded several hundred, and led thousands of locals and displaced refugees to flee - 2 February 2018: Syrian Kurds outraged over Turkish and allied Islamic forces' mutilation of female fighter Barin Kobani, who took part in a USA-backed campaign to drive the Islamic State terrorists from the northern town of Kobani
March 2018: 18 March 2018: NATO eyes changes at July summit in Brussels after novichok nerve agent attack in Salisbury blamed on a 'more aggressive' Russian regime showing 'a pattern we’ve observed for some years'
April 2018: 14 April 2018: All NATO allies have expressed their full support for last night's military actions to degrade the Syrian regime's chemical weapons capability, according to Jens Stoltenberg
11/12 July 2018 Brussels NATO Summit: 11/12 July 2018 Brussels NATO Summit - 10/11 July 2018: Europe worries as USA's Trump heads to NATO Summit ahead of his upcoming sit-down with 'Novichok'-Putin, as Trump slams German government, saying 'Germany is a captive of Russia', and as European politicians and energy experts believe Nord Stream 2 will make Europe dependent on Russian gas
October 2018: 2 October 2018: NATO accuses Russia of violating nuclear treaty - 24 October 2018: Jens Stoltenberg says European NATO-members are unlikely to deploy new nuclear weapons on their soil in response to the alleged Russian breach of medium-range missiles treaty - 24 October 2018: Nato allies to meet over USA plan to leave nuclear missile treaty
November 2018: 29 November 2018: Ukrainian president Poroshenko is urging NATO to deploy naval ships to the Sea of Azov amid a standoff with Russia, as USA calls on European allies to consider further sanctions against Russia
August 2019: 2 August 2019: Key international nuclear disarmament INF treaty has formally collapsed amid mutual recriminations between the west and Russia, and with Nato pledging to boost Europe’s military defences
20 November 2019 NATO foreign ministers gathering in Brussels: 20 November 2019: NATO foreign ministers are gathering in Brussels to prepare a leaders’ summit in two weeks amid tensions over France's Macron’s complaints about the 'brain death' of the alliance

Common Security and Defence Policy of the EU, involving the deployment of military or civilian missions for peace-keeping, conflict prevention and strengthening international security in accordance with the principles of the UN Charter - European External Action Service, the diplomatic service and foreign and defence ministry of the EU, led by the High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, who is also President of the Foreign Affairs Council and Vice-President of the European Commission, and carries out the EU's Common Foreign and Security Policy, including the Common Security and Defence Policy - Since 2004 EU Military Staff
Defence forces of the European Union - Since 1992/1995 European Corps (Eurocorps), an intergovernmental military corps of approximately 1,000 soldiers stationed in Strasbourg in France, with five countries participating in the corps as member nations and five associated nations - Since 2005/2007 EU Battlegroup, a military unit adhering to the Common Security and Defence Policy of the European Union
History of the EU's defence policy: History of EU's Common Security and Defence Policy
June 2018: 25 juin 2018: La France et 8 autres pays européens vont lancer lundi un nouveau mécanisme de coopération européenne de défense




Albania - Geography of Albania - History of Albania - Battle of Kosovo 1389 - Albanian resistance during World War II - People's Socialist Republic of Albania 1944-1992 - History of post-Communist Albania - Demographics of Albania
Economy of Albania: Economy of Albania - main industries are perfumes and cosmetic products, food and tobacco products, textiles and clothing, lumber, oil, cement, chemicals, mining, basic metals, hydropower - Companies of Albania by industry
List of oil and gas fields in Albania - Patos-Marinza Oil Field
Mines in Albania
Agriculture in Albania: Agriculture in Albania - main agricultural products are tobacco, figs, olives, wheat, maize, potatoes, vegetables, fruits, sugar beets, grapes; meat, honey, dairy products, and traditional medicine plants
Infrastructure in Albania: Infrastructure in Albania - Energy in Albania - Transport in Albania
Tourism in Albania: Tourism in Albania - Visitor attractions in Albania - World Heritage Sites in Albania
Taxation in Albania: Taxation in Albania
Politics of Albania: Politics of Albania - Constitution of Albania 1998
Political parties and trade unions in Albania: Political parties in Albania - Socialist Party of Albania - Socialist Movement for Integration - Trade unions in Albania
Elections, government and politics in Albania: Elections in Albania
June 2013 Albanian parliamentary election: Albanian parliamentary election 23 June 2013 - 23 June 2013: After shooting in the northwestern Lac region, in which an opposition activist was killed and a Democrat candidate wounded, the main opposition PS and the ruling coalition claim victory in the deeply polarised country - 26 June: Rama's left-of-centre coalition captured 84 seats in the 140-member parliament to 56 for Democratic party's coalition
December 2013: 29 December 2013: The Albanian parliament adopted 2014 budget of 3.25 billion euros, with a public deficit estimated at 6.6% of GDP
June 2017 Albanian parliamentary election: 25 June 2017 Albanian parliamentary election - 25 June 2017: Albania’s Socialist Party looked set to win Sunday’s parliamentary vote, an exit poll showed, which would give the ruling party a mandate to push judicial reforms vital for membership of the EU
Social movements and protests in Albania: Protests in Albania
2011: 2011 Albanian opposition demonstrations
2015: 18 December 2015: Thousands of opposition protesters have gathered in front of Albania's parliament demanding the resignation of the government as rampant corruption allegedly driving Albanians to seek asylum in Western Europe
2018: 27 January 2018: Thousands take part in anti-government protests, accuse PM Edi Rama's administration of corruption and links to organised crime
March 2019: 17 March 2019: Albanian police used tear gas to disperse a crowd trying to break into the parliament on a day of anti-government demonstrations across the Balkans
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Albania: Albanian society
Demographics and ethnic groups in Albania: Demographics of Albania - Ethnic groups in Albania
Albanians: Albanians
Aromanians in Albania: Aromanians, Latin ethnic group native to the southern Balkans
Greeks in Albania: Greeks in Albania
Jews in Albania: History of the Jews in Albania dates back about 2,000 years - The Holocaust in Albania consisted of murders, deportations and crimes against humanity committed against Jews, Slavs, Roma and other minorities in Albania by German, Italian and Albanian collaborationist forces while the country was under Italian and German occupation during World War II
Romani people in Albania: Romani people in Albania
Serb minority in Albania: Serb minority in Albania
Human rights and freedom of religion in Albania: Human rights in Albania - Freedom of religion in Albania
Languages and culture of Albania: Culture of Albania - Languages of Albania
Education in Albania: Education in Albania
Health in Albania: Health in Albania
Albanian media: Albanian media
Crime in Albania: Crime in Albania
Corruption in Albania: Corruption in Albania - Political scandals of Albania
Organised crime in Albania: Organised crime in Albania
Gangs in the Albanian civil war of 1997: Gangs in the Albanian civil war of 1997
List of massacres in Albania since 1943: List of massacres in Albania since 1943 - 9 July 1943 Massacre of Borovë
Albanian law: Albanian law - Constitution of Albania - Legal history of Albania
Judiciary of Albania: Judiciary of Albania
Courts in Albania
Law enforcement in Albania: Law enforcement in Albania
Foreign relations of Albania: Foreign relations of Albania
Treaties of Albania: Treaties of Albania
Albania/Bulgaria relations: Albania/Bulgaria relations
Albania/PR of China relations: Albania/PR of China relations - Albania in the Chinese Sphere 1958-1978 - Sino-Albanian split 1978
Albania/EU relations: Albanian EU accession bid 2009
Albania/Germany relations: Albania/Germany relations - Albania during World War I 1914-1918 - Principality of Albania 1914-1917, 1920-1925 - Albania under Italy and Nazi Germany 1939-1944 - National Liberation Movement in World War II - Albanian resistance during World War II
Albania/Italy relations: Albania/Italy relations - Italian protectorate over Albania 1917–1920 - Italian invasion of Albania 1939 - Albania under Italy and Nazi Germany 1939-1944 - National Liberation Movement in World War II - Albanian resistance during World War II
Albania/Kosovo relations: Albania/Kosovo relations
Albania/Republic of Macedonia relations: Albania/Republic of Macedonia relations - Demographic history of Macedonia and Albania - Ideology of 'Greater Albania' - Insurgency in the Republic of Macedonia 2001 - 2012 Republic of Macedonia inter-ethnic violence - Smilkovci lake killings 2012
Albania/Serbia relations: Albania/Serbia relations
Albania/Turkey relations: Albania/Turkey relations - Albanian Declaration of Independence from the Ottoman Empire on 28 November 1912
Albania/USA relations: Albania/USA relations
Environment of Albania: Environment of Albania - Climate of Albania - Biodiversity of Albania
Environmental issues in Albania: Environmental issues in Albania, includung air and water pollution, waste and deforestation
Conservation in Albania: Conservation in Albania - Protected areas of Albania - Institute for Environmental Policy in Albania
Water in Albania: Water in Albania - Rivers of Albania
Natural disasters in Albania: Natural disasters in Albania
Floods in Albania: Floods in Albania
2009–2010 Albania floods: 2009–2010 Albania floods refer to several periods of major flooding in the northern regions of Albania around Shkodra, Lezhë and Durrës
November 2019 Albania earthquake: 26 November 2019 Albania earthquake - 26 November 2019: A strong earthquake shook Albania early Tuesday, killing at least six people, injuring 300 and collapsing buildings, with an epicenter 30 kilometers northwest of the capital Tirana


Austria - Geography of Austria - History of Austria - Demographics of Austria
Economy of Austria: Economy of Austria - main industries include construction, machinery, metals, vehicles and parts, food, lumber and wood processing, paper and paperboard, communications equipment, chemicals, tourism - List of companies of Austria
Mining in Austria: Mining in Austria
Energy in Austria: Energy in Austria
Fossil fuels in Austria: Fossil fuels in Austria - Petroleum in Austria - Oil and gas companies of Austria
Electricity in Austria: Electricity in Austria, in 2010 28.5% came from fossil fuels, 68.6% from hydropower and the remainder from other sources
Hydroelectric power stations in Austria: Hydroelectric power stations in Austria
Solar and wind power in Austria: Solar power in Austria - Wind power in Austria
Agriculture in Austria: Agriculture in Austria, agricultural and forestry output is heavily concentrated in field crops, meat, and dairy products, with most of it coming from animal husbandry
Water in Austria: Water in Austria
Rivers and lakes of Austria: Rivers of Austria - List of rivers of Austria by draining - List of lakes of Austria - List of dams and reservoirs in Austria
Danube: Danube, Europe's second-longest river and located in Central and Eastern Europe
Water transport in Austria: Water transport in Austria
Tourism in Austria: Tourism in Austria - Tourist attractions in Austria - Austria–Slovenia border
September 2019: 6 September 2019: German tourist sued for complaints about hotel's Nazi portraits in the Tyrolean Alps last August
Banking in Austria: Banking in Austria - Banks of Austria - Hypo Group Alpe Adria - bank scandal - 14 December 2009: Austria nationalises ailing Hypo Group Alpe Adria
April 2013 banking secrecy: 8. April 2013: Nach Luxemburg beginnt auch in Österreich das Bankgeheimnis zu bröckeln
Economic history of Austria and economic cycles: Economic history of Austria
Labor in Austria: Labor in Austria - Labour disputes in Austria - Trade unions in Austria
Taxation in Austria: Taxation in Austria
Politics of Austria: Politics of Austria - Political parties in Austria - Trade unions in Austria
Elections and politics in Austria: Elections in Austria
2008: 28 September 2008 Austrian legislative election
2010: 25 April 2010 Austrian presidential election - 10 October 2010 Viennese state election
2013: 3 March 2013 Carinthian state election - 3 mars 2013: En Carinthie les différents instituts de sondages donnent autour de 32% (contre 28,8% en 2009) au candidat social-démocrate Peter Kaiser contre seulement autour de 21% au gouverneur sortant de l'Etat régional - Landtagswahl in Niederösterreich 2013
September 2013 Austrian legislative election: 29 September 2013 Austrian legislative election - 29 septembre: Ouverture des bureaux de vote pour 6,4 millions d'électeurs qui doivent renouveler les 183 députés de leur Conseil national - 29 septembre: La coalition sortante des sociaux-démocrates et conservateurs remporte la majorité absolue, forte poussée de l'extrême droite
2014 European Parliament election: Austria European Parliament election 25 May 2014
2015 Styrian and Vienna election: 31 May 2015 Styrian state election, Social Democrats win Styrian state election, securing 29.29% of the vote despite Freedom party gains - 11 October 2015: Social Democrats win Vienna election, securing 39.5% of Sunday’s vote, ahead of the Freedom party on 31%
24 April 2016 Austrian presidential election: 24 April 2016 Austrian presidential election - 25 April 2016: Far-right and anti-immigration 'Freedom' party's Norbert Hofer takes 36% of the vote as candidates from the two governing parties fail to make runoff
April 2016: 28 April 2016: Austrian MPs to bring in some of Europe’s most stringent asylum legislation, days after a far-right politician won the first round of the country’s presidential elections
May 2016: 9 May 2016: Faymann quits as Austrian chancellor - 21 May 2016: Far-right Austrian presidential candidate Hofer accused of lying over Jerusalem terror incident
22 May Austrian presidential election second round - 23 mai 2016: Alexander Van der Bellen, former Green party leader, elected president in Austria in narrow defeat for far right
July 2016: 1 juillet 2016: Après un coup de théâtre sans précédent de l'invalidation du résultat de l'élection présidentielle par la Cour constitutionnelle les Autrichiens vont retourner aux urnes pour élire un président
December 2016 new second round of Austrian presidential election: 4 December 2016 new second round of Austrian presidential election - 5 December 2016: Austria’s voters have resoundingly rejected anti-immigration and eurosceptic Hofer’s bid to become EU’s first far-right president, instead electing former leader of the Green party Van der Bellen who said he would be an 'open-minded, liberal-minded and above all a pro-European president', a result greeted with relief
January 2017: 30. Januar 2017: SPÖ und ÖVP stimmen neuem Regierungspakt zu
October 2017 Austrian legislative election: 15 October 2017 Austrian legislative election - 16 October 2017: Stoking concerns about a record influx of migrants into Europe following the failure of the international community to tackle crises in the Middle East and Africa, Austria's 'People’s Party' got 31.4% of the vote, the 'Freedom Party' came in second with 27.4% and the 'Social Democratic Party of Austria', which now governs in coalition with 'People’s Party', got 26.7% - 24 October 2017: Austria’s Sebastian Kurz on Tuesday agreed to hold coalition talks with the FPÖ, potentially rekindling an alliance previously dubbed a 'pact with the devil' by the media
December 2017: 15/16 December 2017: Having Nazi roots and campaigning on an anti-immigrant platform Austria’s anti-immigration FPOe and the OeVP agreed a coalition deal - 20 December 2017: Rise of 'Freedom Party' founded in 1956 by a former SS officer raises fears Austria hasn’t learned from Nazi past
January/February 2018: 11 January 2018: The Jewish Community of Vienna, which represents most Jews in Austria, continues long-standing policy of boycotting the 'Freedom Party' with its Nazi roots, as Israel also rejects meetings with party ministers - 24 January 2018: FPÖ candidate for state office Udo Landbauer was a member of student fraternity whose songbook contains Nazi lyrics - 21 Februar 2018: Austrian Jewish students disrupted cabinet minister Fassmann’s speech at a conference on anti-Semitism over the fact that Kurz government includes politicians from the 'Freedom Party' known for anti-Semitic and racist incidents involving its members and leaders
Since 17 May 2019 Ibiza affair: Since 17 May 2019 Ibiza affair, an ongoing political scandal in Austria involving FPÖ's Heinz-Christian Strache, the Vice-Chancellor of Austria, FPÖ's Johann Gudenus and the Austrian 'Freedom Party' FPÖ in general, causing the collapse of the Austrian governing coalition - 20 May 2019: Austria’s Jewish community's Oskar Deutsch said that the downfall of far-right party leader and Vice Chancellor Heinz-Christian Strache validated his community’s policy of avoiding the faction, due to the party’s alleged failure to distance itself from its neo-Nazi past, and as official Israel had also avoided contact with party members
26 May 2019 European Parliament election in Austria: 26 mai 2019 élections européennes en Autriche
27-31 May 2019: 27 mai 2019: Le chancelier autrichien Sebastian Kurz a été renversé par une motion de censure adoptée par les principaux partis d'opposition, dix jours après le scandale de l'Ibizagate qui a fait exploser la coalition qu'il avait formée avec l'extrême droite - 31 May 2019: Austria gets its first female chancellor, for now as constitutional court president Brigitte Bierlein named as interim premier
September 2019 Austrian legislative election: 29 September 2019 Austrian legislative election in the second half of the year, called as a result of 2019 Ibiza affair and the breakup of the ruling ÖVP–FPÖ coalition in May 2019 - Opinion polling for the 2019 Austrian legislative election
November 2019 three people arrested in connection with FPÖ-Strache video: 20 November 2019: Austrian prosecutors say three people have been arrested in connection with a video that triggered the collapse of the government earlier this year
Social movements, criticism and protests in Austria: Protests in Austria
2009: 2009 student protests in Austria
2013: 2 February 2013: Nine protesters have been arrested for civil disorder in demonstrations against a right-wing ball in Vienna's imperial Hofburg Palace - 20 April 2013: Austrians disagree with their government over the need to maintain the country's banking secrecy, according to polls which showed a majority in favour of lifting the controversial measure
2015: 31 January 2015: Austrian police hold 38 people as thousands protest outside controversial palace ball in Vienna
September 2015: 1 September 2015: About 20,000 people took to the streets of Vienna on the eve of 1 September to demonstrate against ill-treatment of refugees, after the bodies of 71 people were found on Austria’s A4 motorway in an abandoned truck last week and as the European refugee and migrant crisis escalates - 1 September 2015: Along with several hundred citizens wanting to pay respect to refugees, Vienna and Austrian officials hold memorial for 71 refugees found dead in an abandoned lorry
2016: 1 May 2016: Around 80,000 people on May Day in Vienna greeted SPÖ's Faymann with loud boos and calls to step down, following the ruling coalition’s handling of the refugee and migrant crisis, rising unemployment and disastrous defeat in presidential ballot
December 2017 protest against ÖVP/Freedom party deal: 18 December 2017: Thousands protest as natioalist ministers enter government in Austria, following a deal of ÖVP with the 'Freedom party' founded after the second world war by former members of the Nazi party
January 2018 'Never Again' protest: 13/14 January 2018: Thousands of Austrians gathered to protest against the new coalition government, which includes the FPO founded by former Nazis, with a march in Vienna, carrying placards reading 'Never Again' and chanting slogans such as 'Don't Let Nazis Govern'
June 2018: 30 juin 2018: Plus de 80'000 personnes ont manifesté samedi face à la volonté du gouvernement d'étendre à 12 heures par jour et à 60 par semaine la durée maximale autorisée de travail
October 2018: 4 octobre 2018: Plusieurs milliers de personnes ont manifesté à Vienne pour ressusciter les 'manifestations du jeudi' de l'année 2000 contre le premier gouvernement de coalition entre ÖVP et FPÖ
December 2018: 16 December 2018: Thousands of protesters in Vienna braved snow and icy temperatures Saturday to protest Austria’s ruling coalition between the conservatives and xenophobic FPOe a year after they came to power
Austrian society, demographics, culture and human rights: Austrian society - Human rights in Austria - Legal history of Austria
Demographics of Austria: Demographics of Austria - Austrians - Ethnic groups in Austria - Ethnic groups in Vienna
History of the Jews in Austria: History of the Jews in Austria begins with exodus of Jews from Palestine under Roman occupation - History of the Jews in Vienna - History of the Jews in Salzburg
Romani people in Austria: Romani people in Austria
Arabs in Austria: Arabs in Austria, the people from Arab countries, particularly Lebanon, Syria, the Palestinian Territories, Iraq, Jordan
Filipinos in Austria: Filipinos in Austria
Hungarians in Austria: Hungarians in Austria
Serbs in Austria: Serbs in Austria
Turks in Austria: Turks in Austria
Immigration and refugees in Austria: Immigration to Austria - Immigrants to Austria
2014-2016: 2014-2016 International and European refugee and migrant crisis
Since 2015 Austrian border barrier: Austrian border barrier is a border barrier constructed between November 2015 and January 2016 by Austria on its border with Slovenia, as a 'response' to the international and European refugee and migrant crisis
2015: 15 mai 2015: La Croix-Rouge a vivement critiqué la création de camps de tentes pour les demandeurs d'asile en Autriche, annoncé par le gouvernement - 28 August 2015: More than 70 migrants were found dead in an abandoned lorry on Austria’s A4 motorway between Neusiedl and Parndorf, registered to a Romanian citizen from the Hungarian city of Kecskemét - 29 August 2015: Three young children are recovering in hospital in Braunau from severe dehydration after police in Austria stopped a truck with 26 refugees and migrants from Syria, Afghanistan and Bangladesh inside - 31 August: Austria toughens border controls in trafficking clampdown - 1 September 2015: Hundreds of refugees arrive from Hungary in Vienna and ran towards the next trains heading for Germany - 5 September: A first bus carrying refugees who have been stranded in the Hungarian capital reached the Austrian border early Saturday, after Austria and Germany agreed to take in refugees - 5 September: Austrians greet thousands off Hungarian buses - 7 September: As Thousands of refugees arrive by foot, buses, and trains to Vienna, Austrians offer food and water to arriving refugees - 10 September: Thousands more migrants stream into Austria from Hungary - 20 September 2015: Around 13,000 people entered Austria on Saturday, according to the Red Cross, after being shunted through Croatia, Hungary and Slovenia and forced away from these EU members - 23 October: As thousands more refugees and migrants have crossed from Slovenia to Austria, travelling for days from the Serbian border with Croatia, Austrian officials ask EU for more assistance to tackle refugee crisis
2016: 18 February 2016: Austria's announcement to limit the number of refugees allowed to enter its territory receives a sharp rebuke from the European commission which branded the move 'plainly incompatible' with international law
2017: 4 July 2017: Austrian troops to stop refugees and migrants crossing border with Italy
2018: 2 mars 2018: Cinq migrants, quatre Iraniens et un Pakistanais, abandonnés dans le froid par des passeurs ont été secourus vendredi sur une autoroute du sud-est de l'Autriche où ils marchaient pour certains pieds nus
Culture and languages of Austria: Culture of Austria - Languages of Austria - Austrian German - Vienna culture
Music in Austria: Music in Austria
Viennese classical period of music: Viennese classical period of music in the 18th and 19th century - Musical development - 1732-1809 Joseph Haydn, born in Rohrau - 1756-1791 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, born in Salzburg - 1770-1827 Ludwig van Beethoven, born in Bonn - 1797-1828 Franz Schubert, born in Vienna
Education in Austria: Education in Austria - Education in Austria by state
Schools in Austria: Schools in Austria
Universities and colleges in Austria: Universities and colleges in Austria
Museums in Austria: Museums in Austria - Museums in Austria by state - Museums in Austria by city
History museums in Austria: History museums in Austria - Archives in Austria
Since 3 May 1975 Mauthausen Museum: Since 3 May 1975 Mauthausen Museum, 30 years after the Mauthausen–Gusen concentration camp's liberation by the USA army - Mauthausen–Gusen concentration camp complex consisted of the Mauthausen concentration camp east of Linz, plus a group of nearly 100 further subcamps located throughout Austria and southern Germany
Since 1991 Jewish Museum Hohenems: Since 1991 Jewish Museum Hohenems, a regional museum in Austria that deals with the Jewish presence Hohenems, surrounding regions, and elsewhere in Europe, also covering - since there is no longer a Jewish community in Hohenems and it is no Jewish life left there - the Diaspora and Israel and with questions of the future of the European immigration society
2 May 2019: 2 May 2019: A majority of Austrians are unaware of the magnitude of the Holocaust and the number of Jews murdered, while concurrently downplaying their country’s role in the genocide, according to a study released on Israel’s Holocaust Remembrance Day, as Holocaust survivors before March of the Living warn amid surge of anti-Semitic incidents around the world
Health in Austria: Health in Austria
Healthcare in Austria: Healthcare in Austria
Hospitals in Austria: Hospitals in Austria - List of hospitals in Austria by city
'Steinhof' and 'Am Spiegelgrund' hospitals and Nazi regime's euthanasia programme: 'Steinhof' hospital in Vienna - during the Second World War, some 700 children were tortured and murdered in the hospital - Dr Heinrich Gross (SPO) became the head prison doctor in 'Am Steinhof' hospital in 1955, ill-famed for his proven involvement in the killing of at least nine children with physical, mental and/or emotional/behavioral characteristics considered 'unclean' by the Nazi regime under its Euthanasia Program as Gross was head of the Spiegelgrund children's psychiatric clinic for two years during World War II, and as his role in hundreds of other cases of infanticide remained unclear - Am Spiegelgrund clinic - Action T4 euthanasia centres
April 2002: 29 April 2002: The remains of the last two of almost 800 children and babies killed in Vienna in the Nazi regime's euthanasia programme, who had been kept ntil recently in the cellar of the Spiegelgrund children's clinic in Vienna, where they died and where, until the early 90s, they remained under the supervision of Dr Heinrich Gross (SPO), who is alleged to have murdered them were laid to rest during a joint funeral and memorial service at Vienna central cemetery yesterday
April 2018: 19 April 2018: Austrian Dr Hans Asperger, after whom Asperger syndrome is named, was an active participant in the regime of National Socialism, assisting in the Third Reich’s euthanasia programme and supporting the concept of racial hygiene by deeming certain children unworthy to live, according to a study by medical historian Herwig Czech, following eight years of research
Media of Austria: Media of Austria
Newspapers in Austria: Newspapers in Austria
Broadcasting in Austria: Radio in Austria - TV in Austria
Internet in Austria: Internet in Austria
Crime in Austria: Crime in Austria
Austrian National Socialism: Austrian National Socialism, formed at the beginning of the 20th century taking a concrete form on 15 November 1903 when the German Worker's Party DAP was established in Austria with its secretariat stationed in the town of Usti nad Labem in the Czech Republic, its political organization DNSAP banned in early 1933 revived and made part of the German NSDAP after the German annexation of Austria in 1938
Antisemitism in Austria: Antisemitism in Austria - The Holocaust in Austria during World War II - Nazi concentration camps in Austria - März 1945 Massaker von Rechnitz - 13 July 2017: 'My aunt had a dinner party, and then she took her guests to kill 180 Jews' in March 1945, journalist Sacha Batthyany reveals more than 60 years later
Antisemitism and Neo-Nazism in contemporary Austria: Antisemitism in contemporary Austria - Neo-Nazism in Austria
2015: 11 February 2015: Call to kill Jews is legal criticism of Israel, Austrian prosecutor says - 4 April 2015: Anti-Israel protesters call 'Kill the Jews' in Vienna as Bosnian soccer fans join pro-Palestinian rally
2016: 20 octobre 2016: Un policier autrichien a été condamné à neuf mois de prison avec sursis pour avoir crié 'Heil Hitler' à un automobiliste lors d'un contrôle routier
2018 anti-Semitic hate speech incidents: 16 February 2018: Anti-Semitic hate speech incidents in Austria at all-time high, according to watchdog Forum Against Anti-Semitism, saying expression of hatred towards Jews has become more 'socially acceptable'
May 2019: 27 May 2019: Photos of Holocaust survivors on exhibit in Vienna vandalized for 3rd time
Corruption in Austria: Corruption in Austria
December 2010 Rampant corruption in Austria<: 10 December 2010: Rampant corruption in Austria
June-September 2013: 14 June 2013: Vienna prosecutors this week charged nine people, including the deputy governor of the Austrian National Bank, over suspected bribes and kickbacks for banknote contracts with Azerbaijan and Syria - 14. September 2013: Haftstrafen für verdeckte Parteienfinanzierung der Telekom Austria in der Höhe von 960.000 Euro an das von Haider gegründete 'Bündnis Zukunft Österreich' im Herbst 2006
Since 17 May 2019 FPÖ's Ibiza affair: Since 17 May 2019 Ibiza affair, an ongoing political scandal in Austria involving FPÖ's Heinz-Christian Strache, the Vice-Chancellor of Austria, FPÖ's Johann Gudenus and the Austrian 'Freedom Party' FPÖ in general, causing the collapse of the Austrian governing coalition - 27 mai 2019: Dans une vidéo tournée en caméra cachée, l'on peut voir le dirigeant nationaliste Heinz-Christian Strache se montrait disposé à se compromettre avec un intermédiaire russe en échange de financements
Human trafficking in Austria: Human trafficking in Austria
Roman Catholic Church sex abuse cases in Austria: Roman Catholic Church sex abuse cases in Austria - Sexual abuse scandal in Vienna archdiocese
Political scandals in Austria: Political scandals in Austria
2011 cash for influence scandal - 9 August 2012: Former Austrian interior minister and Euro MP, Ernst Strasser, has been charged in Vienna with corruption
Law and legal history of Austria: Austrian law - Legal history of Austria - Constitutional history of Austria - Constitution of Austria - Federal Constitutional Law is the centerpiece of the constitution of the Republic of Austria
Courts in Austria: Courts in Austria
September/December 2019 Innsbruck court and Nazi photo in guesthouse: 7 September 2019: An Austrian court in Innsbruck has ruled that a German tourist who took exception to a World War II portrait showing a soldier and NSDAP member in Wehrmacht uniform wearing insignia with a swastika in a guesthouse, had no right to complain about it on travel sites, saying there had been 'a photo of a Nazi grandpa hanging in the hall' - 16 December 2019: After researching the identity of the two men in the photographs at the German National Archives in Berlin in May 2019, guest found proof that both of the men had in fact joined the Nazi party, in 1941 and 1943 respectively, forcing the ignorant Innsbruck court to decide to lift the gagging order, now saying the two men’s party membership and the clearly visible swastika amounted to sufficient proof to back up the guest’s complaint that the hotel had 'uncritically venerated a former Nazi family member'
Law enforcement in Austria: Law enforcement in Austria
Foreign relations of Austria: Foreign relations of Austria
Wars involving Austria and military history of Austria: Wars involving the Habsburg Monarchy - Wars involving Austria - Military history of Austria
Treaties of Austria: Treaties of Austria - United Nations Charter and since 1955 Austrian membership - Treaties entered into by the European Union
1955 Austrian State Treaty: Austrian State Treaty signed on 15 May 1955 by France, the United Kingdom, the USA, the Soviet Union and the Austrian government - 26 October 1955 Austria's Declaration of Neutrality - the Soviet Union would not have agreed to the State Treaty if Austria had not committed itself to declare its neutrality
Austia's membership in international organisations: Austia's membership in international organisations
Austria/European Union relations: Austria/European Union relations - Euroscepticism in Austria
1994 EU membership referendum: 1994 Austrian European Union membership referendum
Austria/United Nations relations: Austria/United Nations relations
1972-1981: United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim 1972-1981 - The International Committee of Historians and Waldheim's involvement with the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany 1941-1945, his knowledge of Nazi war crimes - 2 May 2001: CIA knew about Waldheim's Nazi past long before he was appointed UN secretary general
Immigration to Austria and border barrier: Immigration to Austria - Immigrants to Austria
Since 2014 European and international refugee and migrant crisis: Since 2014 European and international refugee and migrant crisis - Austrian border barrier
Bilateral relations of Austria: Bilateral relations of Austria
Austria/Belgium relations: Austria/Belgium relations
1914-1918 Habsburg Monarchy and World War I: 1914-1918 World War I
Since 1938 Austria part of Nazi Germany and World War II 1939-1945: 1938 annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany - 1939-1945 World War II - Axis powers
Austria/Bosnia and Herzegovina relations:
1878-1914: Austro-Hungarian campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878 - Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina 1878-1918 - Bosnian Crisis of 1908–1909 - Austria-Hungary announced the annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina - Since 1908 Austro-Hungarian 'Schutzkorps' militia's persecution of Serbs the first large-scale persecution of people in Bosnia and Herzegovina because of their ethnicity
1914-1918: 28 June 1914 Assassination in Sarajevo - Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo - July Crisis 1914 - Austria-Hungary's Serbian Campaign (World War I) 28 July 1914 – 3 November 1918 - World War I 1914-1918 - World War I casualties
2014-2018: First World War centenary 2014-2018 - 28/29 June 2014: Sarajevo marks 100 years since Franz Ferdinand was assassinated following Austro-Hungarian annexation, as divisions still run deep
Austria/Brazil relations: Austria/Brazil relations
Since 1940, 1951-1967 Austrian protection of Nazi war criminal Stangl: 1 July 2017: Austrian-born SS commandant of the Sobibór and Treblinka, since 1940 superintendent of the T-4 Euthansia Program at the Euthanasia Institute at Schloss Hartheim, commandant of Sobibor from March 1942 until September 1942, when he was transferred to Treblinka, always dressed in white riding clothes, since 1951 in Brazil where he was given an engineering job, since 1959 working at a Volkswagen AG factory, for years his responsibility in the mass murder of men, women and children had been known to the Austrian authorities, but Austria did not issue a warrant for Stangl’s arrest until 1961, it took another six years before he was tracked down by Nazi hunter Simon Wiesenthal and arrested in Brazil
Austria/Czech Republic relations: Austria/Czech Republic relations - Austrian Empire
Austria/France relations: Austria/France relations
1792-1797 War of the First Coalition against the French Revolution: 1792-1797 War of the First Coalition, the wars that several European powers fought against the French First Republic founded on 21 September 1792 during the French Revolution
1914-1918 Habsburg Monarchy and World War I: 1914-1918 World War I
Since 1938 Austria part of Nazi Germany and World War II 1939-1945: 1938 annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany - 1939-1945 World War II - Axis powers
1955 Austrian State Treaty: Austrian State Treaty signed on 15 May 1955 by France, the United Kingdom, the USA, the Soviet Union and the Austrian government
Austria/Germany relations: Austria/Germany relations - History of the Holy Roman Empire 962–1806 - Military history of the Holy Roman Empire - Wars involving the Holy Roman Empire
Austrian Empire 1804–1867 - Military history of Austria
1914-1945: July Crisis 1914 - 5/6 July 1914 Hoyos Mission and 'Blank cheque' in Berlin - World War I 1914-1918 - German occupation 1938: "Anschluss" - The Holocaust in Austria during World War II - Nazi concentration camps in Austria
2012-2013: 12 October 2012: Vienna will erect first monument to remember the thousands of people executed by the Nazis for deserting or refusing to serve in the military during World War II - 10 mars 2013: Des historiens exhument le passé nazi de l'orchestre philharmonique de Vienne - 12 mai 2013: Plus de 10.000 personnes venues de plus de 50 pays ont commémoré dimanche le 68e anniversaire de la libération du camp de concentration nazi de Mauthausen
2014: 24. Oktober 2014: Denkmal für die Verfolgten der NS-Militärjustiz als zentrale österreichische Gedenkstätte für Deserteure des NS-Regimes am Wiener Ballhausplatz von Bundespräsident Heinz Fischer der Öffentlichkeit übergeben
2015: 5. Mai 2015: Nach Berichten, daß der BND dem USA-Geheimdienst NSA beim Ausspionieren österreichischer Behörden geholfen habe, erstattet Österreich Strafanzeige
June 2018: 16 juin 2018: L'exécutif autrichien a demandé à l'Allemagne des explications après de nouvelles allégations visant les services secrets allemands, accusés d'avoir espionné un grand nombre d'institutions et d'entreprises en Autriche, dont des ambassades et organisations internationales
Austria/Hungary relations: Austria/Hungary relations - Hungarians in Austria - History of the Hungarians in Vienna
1867-1918: Austria-Hungary 1867-1918
1914-1918: World War I 1914-1918
Austria/Israel relations: Austria/Israel relations
History of the Jews in Austria: History of the Jews in Austria
1938-1945: The Holocaust in Austria - Nazi concentration camps in Austria
2014: 24 July 2014: Israeli footballers assaulted by pro-Palestinians during match in Bischofshofen
Austria/Italy relations: Austria/Italy relations
1848/1849 First Italian War of Independence and first aerial bombing of cities by the Austrians against Venice: First Italian War of Independence 1848-1849 following Revolution of 1848 in the Italian states - Republic of San Marco 1848-1849 reconquered by Austrian troops following a long siege and an Austrian bombardment 1849 - 1849 First aerial bombing of cities by the Austrians against Venice
1914-1918 World War I: Austria-Hungary's and Germany's campaign against Italy in World War I 1914-1918 - Deutscher Giftgaseinsatz und Massenmord an Italiern entschied im Herbst 1917 die Schlacht bei Kobarid (19. Mai 1998)
2016: 2 avril 2016: L'Autriche envoie l'armée à la frontière italienne contre un afflux de migrants et de réfugiés cherchant à gagner le nord de l'Europe - 27 April 2016: Austria plans Italian border fence to control refugee and migrant flow, as Italy says Brenner Pass restrictions would be illogical and against EU rules
2017: 4 July 2017: Austrian troops to stop refugees and migrants crossing border with Italy, as Brussels urged Europe to help Italian authorities manage an 'unprecedented' arrival of people from north Africa
Austria/Poland relations: Austria/Poland relations
Since 1772 partitions of Poland conducted by Austria, Prussia and Russia: Since 1772 partitions of Poland conducted by the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia and Habsburg Austria
1938-1945 relationship between Austria and Poland and Axis powers' war crimes: Relationship between Austria and Poland, that started at 1920 disappeared at 1938, following the Anschluss which Nazi Germany, and until 1945 relationship went tense due to German invasion of Poland, thus sparked the World War II, and Austria participated in the occupation of Poland and had committed many crimes against Polish people under the banner of Nazi Germany
Nazi war crimes in Poland and convicted Austrian Nazis: Nazi war crimes in Poland - Austrian Nazis convicted of war crimes - Late 1930s—1945 Austrian member of the SS Gustav Franz Wagner, a starter deputy commander of the Sobibór extermination camp in German-occupied Poland, where more than 200,000 Jews were gassed during Operation Reinhard, known as 'The Beast' due to his brutality, sentenced to death in absentia after the war, but escaped with Franz Stangl to Brazil where he lived undisturbed until he was exposed by Simon Wiesenthal and arrested on 30 May 1978, but extradition requests from Israel, Austria, and Poland were rejected by Brazil's Attorney General Henrique Fonseca de Araújo, father of the current Brazilian chancellor Ernesto Araújo who was appointed by President Jair Bolsonaro in January 2019, the BBC interviewed Wagner in 1979
Austria/Russia relations: Austria/Russia relations
2016: 20 December 2016: Austrian Freedom Party's Heinz-Christian Strache, the Austrian party founded by former Nazis, signed a cooperation agreement with Russian Vladimir Putin's United Russia party and met with Michael Flynn, President-elect Donald Trump's nominee for national security adviser at Trump Tower in New York (USA)
Austria/Serbia relations: Austria/Serbia relations
Serbs in Austria: Serbs in Austria, there are between 200,000 and 300,000 people of Serbian descent living in Austria
1788–1792 Habsburg-occupied Serbia: 1788–1792 Habsburg-occupied Serbia
1908-1909 Bosnian crisis (Annexation crisis): 1908-1909 Bosnian crisis, also known as the Annexation crisis, when Austria-Hungary announced the annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, territories formerly within the sovereignty of the Ottoman Empire, sparking protestations from all the Great Powers and Austria-Hungary's Balkan neighbours, Serbia and Montenegro
July 1914: 23 July 1914: Austrian Ultimatum to Serbia - July 1914 preparations for the Austro-Hungarian ultimatum, content and Serbian response - 28/29 July 1914: Austria has declared war upon Serbia and Austro-Hungarian troops reportedly invaded Serbia by crossing the River Save at Mitrovitz
28 July 1914 - 1918 Austria-Hungary's Serbian Campaign: 28 July 1914 – 3 November 1918 Serbian Campaign of World War I, from late July 1914, when Austria-Hungary invaded the Kingdom of Serbia until the war's conclusion in November 1918, after the disintegration of Austria-Hungary, Allied and Serbian victory, and Serbian troops re-entering Belgrade on 1 November 1918
October 1914 trials of the Sarajevo assassins in Sarajevo and punishment: Arrest, prosecution, October 1914 trials of the Sarajevo assassins in Sarajevo and punishment, following the 28 June 1914 assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo
April 1941 invasion of Yugoslavia by the Axis powers: April 1941 invasion of Yugoslavia, a German-led attack on the Kingdom of Yugoslavia by the Axis powers which began on 6 April 1941 during World War II
April 1941 German bombing of Belgrade: 'Operation Retribution', the April 1941 German bombing of Belgrade, the capital of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, in retaliation for the coup d'état that overthrew the government that had signed the Tripartite Pact
1941-1945 occupation of Yugoslavia by the Axis powers, war crimes and resistance: 1941-1945 occupation of Yugoslavia by the Axis powers, resistance and Allied victory - Axis war crimes in Yugoslavia - Nazi war crimes in Serbia
2014-2018: First World War centenary 2014-2018 - 28/29 June 2014: Sarajevo marks 100 years since Franz Ferdinand was assassinated following Austro-Hungarian annexation, as divisions still run deep
Austria/Slovenia relations: Austria/Slovenia relations
Austria-Slovenia border: Austria–Slovenia border - Austrian border barrier constructed between November 2015 and January 2016 by Austria on its border with Slovenia against refugees from Syrian and some other countries in the international and European refugee and migrant crisis
2015: 4 November 2015: Austria has put up barbed wire at a border crossing with Slovenia used by hundreds of refugees and migrants despite chancellor's pledge
Austria/Switzerland relations: Austria/Switzerland relations - Duchy of Austria 1156–1453 - House of Habsburg originally from Aargau - Growth of the Old Swiss Confederacy 1291-1516 - Swiss Confederacy, reformation, Thirty Years' War 1618-1648 and recognition of independence of Switzerland from the 'Holy Roman Empire' - The Congress of Vienna 1814/1815 re-established Swiss independence, European powers agreed to permanently recognise Swiss neutrality - During both World War I 1914-1918 and World War II 1939-1945 Switzerland's 'neutrality' allowed the growth of the Swiss banking industry
Austria/Syria relations: Austria/Syria relations
2016: 15 January 2015: The Syrian community in Austria calls on the Austrian Government to cut off economic relations with the Assad regime and to expel its ambassador to Vienna
Austria/Turkey relations: Austria/Turkey relations - Turks in Austria
1529: 1529 Siege of Vienna, first attempt by the Ottoman Empire to capture the city of Vienna
1683: Battle of Vienna on 12 September 1683 after the city of Vienna had been besieged by the Ottoman Empire for two months
1683-1699: Great Turkish War 1683-1699 between the Ottoman Empire and several contemporary European powers joined into 'Holy League'
1787–1791: Austro-Turkish War 1787–1791 - Decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire 1828–1908
1914-1918: Austrian and Ottoman empires allies during the First World War
2017: 5. März 2017: Bundeskanzler Christian Kern hat sich für ein EU-weites Verbot von Wahlkampfauftritten türkischer Politiker ausgesprochen und wirft Erdogans Regime vor, 'Menschenrechte und demokratische Grundrechte mit Füßen' zu treten
Austria/Ukraine relations: Austria/Ukraine relations - Austro-Hungarian Empire 1867-1918 - a big portion of West Ukraine (Galicia and Carpathia) were part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, today consisting of Lviv Oblast, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ternopil Oblast, Chernivtsi Oblast and Zakarpattia Oblast
1914-1918: World War I 1914-1918 - during the war Ukraine was occupied by the Central powers military force including the Austrian military that drove Bolsheviks out of the country
1918: Februar 1918 Treaty of Brest-Litovsk - Ukraine–Central Powers
2015: 1 May 2015: An Austrian court refuses to extradite Ukrainian tycoon in gas trading and chemicals Dmytro Firtash to the USA over corruption charges, indicted in 2013 along with a member of India's parliament and four others
Austria/United Kingdom relations: Austria/United Kingdom relations
Environment of Austria: Environment of Austria - Natural history of Austria
Protected areas of Austria: Protected areas of Austria
Environmental issues in Austria: Environmental issues in Austria, including waste disposal, pollution, noise, sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide levels, as well as emissions by the iron, steel, and ceramics industries
Water in Austria: Water in Austria - Rivers of Austria - List of rivers of Austria by draining - Danube, Europe's second-longest river and located in Central and Eastern Europe - List of lakes of Austria
Natural disasters in Austria: Natural disasters in Austria
Floods in Austria: Floods in Austria
June 2009 European floods: June 2009 European floods
May/June 2013 European floods: May/June 2013 European floods
May-June 2016 European floods: May-June 2016 European floods
Avalanches in Austria: Avalanches in Austria


Belarus - Geography of Belarus - History of Belarus - Demographics of Belarus
Economy of Belarus: Economy of Belarus - main industries include petrochemicals, potash, foodstuffs, timber, metal-cutting machine tools, tractors, trucks, earthmovers, motorcycles, televisions, synthetic fibers, fertilizers, textiles, radios, refrigerators - List of companies of Belarus - Companies of Belarus by industry ?risis of 2011 - 4. Juni 2011: Putin hilft Lukaschenko mit 3 Mrd. $ - 5. August: Weißrussischer Staatsbetrieb 'Belaruskali' erhält 2 Mrd. Dollar Kredit von 'Deutscher Bank' und russischer 'Sberbank'
Energy in Belarus: Energy in Belarus
2016: 9 August 2016: 30 years after world’s worst nuclear accident at Chernobyl, Belarus, which saw a quarter of its territory contaminated in the disaster, is building its first energy plant powered by the atom, as neighbouring countries denounce 'Soviet-style secrecy’ over accidents during energy site’s construction
Agriculture in Belarus: Agriculture in Belarus - products include grain, potatoes, vegetables, sugar beets, flax, beef, milk
Banking in Belarus: Banking in Belarus
Economic history of Belarus and economic cycles: Economic history of Belarus
Labor and trade unioms in Belarus: Labor in Belarus - Trade unions in Belarus
Politics of Belarus: Politics of Belarus
2010 Presidential election: Presidential election 2010
2012 Parliamentary election: Parliamentary election 23 September 2012 - 23 September: Belarus is holding parliamentary elections without the country's main opposition parties, after a boycott was called on the grounds of election irregularities and illegal detentions - 24. September 2012: Nach 'Parlamentswahl' Opposition voraussichtlich ohne Mandat - 24 September 2012: Western observers of parliamentary election say the election was 'not competitive from the start'
2015: 16 April 2015: Belarus imposes ‘social parasite’ law to fine unemployed, now facing an unemployment tax from the government - 29 August 2015: Belarusian opposition call on their supporters to boycott October's presidential poll, saying it has already been rigged - 24 September: At a rally in the Belarusian capital Minsk opposition leader Statkevich calls for presidential election boycott since opposition figures were barred from running
October 2015 Belarusian presidential election: 11 October 2015 Belarusian presidential election - 12 October: Lukashenko wins fifth term - 13 October: Belarusian presidential election fell short of democratic standards, international monitors say
September 2016 Belarusian parliamentary election: 11 September 2016 Belarusian parliamentary election - 12 September 2016: Anna Konopatskaya of the United Civil Party became the first opposition parliamentarian in Belarus in 20 years
November 2019 Belarusian parliamentary election: 17 November 2019 Belarusian parliamentary election - 17 November 2019: Belarus’ authoritarian president has disdainfully brushed off concerns that Sunday’s parliament election, from which many opposition figures have been excluded, would be regarded as neither free nor fair
Social movements and protests in Belarus: Belarusian democracy movement
2010 election crackdown and protests: December 2010 election crackdown
2011/2012 Belarusian protests and regime's violence: 2011 Belarusian protests - 14. Mai 2011: Andrej Sannikow zu 5 Jahren Straflager verurteilt - 20. Mai: Weitere Haftstrafen für Opposition - EU-Sanktionen? - 30. Juni 2011: Erneut Festnahmen von zahlreichen Demonstranten und Reportern - 3 July 2011: Violence and arrests in a crackdown on anti-government protests - 7. Juli 2011: Wieder Festnahmen bei Protesten in Minsk und anderen Städten - 13. Juli 2011: Polizei in Minsk prügelt Demonstranten - 20. Juli 2011: Klatschen gegen das Regime in Weißrußland - 8. Oktober 2011: Angesichts der Wirtschaftskrise fordern Demonstranten Neuwahlen von Präsident und Parlament - 13 March 2012: Belarus added to web censorship blacklist - 25. März 2012: Tausende bei regierungskritischer Kundgebung - Freilassung politischer Gefangener und demokratische Reformen gefordert - 23. Juni 2012: Der Journalist Andrzej Poczobut wegen angeblicher Präsidentenbeleidigung verhaftet
2015 opposition protest: 11 October 2015: Hundreds of opposition protesters marched in the capital Minsk on the eve of a presidential election, as opposition leaders say Belarusian presidential election is a sham
2016 opposition protest: 12 September 2016: Several hundred people have gathered in Minsk in protest of the parliamentary elections on Sunday, saying new vote must be held and demanding that the resignation of Lukashenko
Since February 2017 Belarusian protests: Since February 2017 Belarusian protests - 17 March 2017: 'Basta' and 'we are not slaves', these are the most popular slogans brandished at the Belarusian protests, which have seen thousands take to the streets and more than 100 people detained in a government crackdown - 23 March 2017: Human rights organisations have called on Belarusian authorities to drop all charges immediately against writers, publishers and journalists who have been arrested following a wave of nationwide protests, demanding the cancellation of the newly introduced Presidential Decree No. 3, which imposes a tax on the unemployed
March 2018 opposition protesters arrested: 25 March 2018: Scores of protesters were arrested Sunday in the capital of Belarus as supporters of the country’s repressed opposition tried to hold a march to mark the 100th anniversary of the short-lived Belarusian People’s Republic of 1918-19, seen by the opposition as the foundation of an independent Belarus
7 December 2019 protesters rally against closer Russia ties: 7 December 2019: More than 1,000 people took to the streets of Belarus to protest against closer ties with Russian regime as Putin hosted Belarusian Alexander Lukashenko in the Russian city of Sochi
Society, demographics, languages, culture and human rights in Belarus: Belarusian society
Human rights in Belarus: Human rights in Belarus
Persecution of political dissidents and extrajudicial use of judiciary: Government-sponsored hostage-taking in Belarus - Persecution of political dissidents, Extrajudicial use of judiciary, Harassment and censorship of independent media, Authorities interfere in trade-union elections and independent trade-union leaders have been dismissed from their positions
2013 HRW report: 29 November 2016: As Belarus remains highly repressive, with the authorities suppressing virtually all dissent and severely impeding freedoms of association and assembly, the EU has good reason to maintain its sanctions and press for an end to abuses, Human Rights Watch says
2016 Belarus executions: 12 October 2016: Belarus resumes executions after EU sanctions dropped, as human rights report details abuse used to extract confessions in only European country to use death penalty
Regions and districts of Belarus: 6 regions of Belarus and the city of Minsk - Geography of Belarus by region - Districts of Belarus
Brest Region: Brest Region and administrative center Brest city
Minsk Region: Minsk Region with its administrative center Minsk
Vitebsk Region: Vitebsk Region, located near the border with Russia
Cities and towns in Belarus: List of cities and towns in Belarus by region
Minsk: Minsk, situated on the Svislac and the Nyamiha Rivers, has a special administrative status as the capital of Belarus and is also the administrative centre of Minsk Region (voblasc) and Minsk District (rajon), with a population of 1,982,444 inhabitants in January 2018 - History of Minsk - Economy of Minsk, the economic capital of Belarus with industrial and services sectors which serve the needs not only of the city, but of the entire nation, as Minsk's contributions form nearly 46% of Belarusian budget
Timeline of Minsk: Timeline of Minsk since the Middle Ages
1793 Russian annexation: Since 1793, following partitions and partial annexations by the Russian Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia that ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Russia annexed the Minsk Voivodeship, ending a semi-independent duchy at least since 1067
1898 Russian Social Democratic Labour Party founded in Minsk: 1 March 1898 Russian Social Democratic Labour Party founded in Minsk, illegal for most of its existence as at the end of the 1st Party Congress all nine delegates were arrested by the Imperial Russian Police, the 2nd Congress was held in Brussels and London in 1903
Early 20th century Minsk a centre for the worker's movement: In the early years of the 20th century, Minsk was a major centre for the worker's movement within Belarus, and also one of the major centres of Belarusian national revival, along with Vilnia
June 1914 Minsk teachers institute founded: Minsk teachers institute (Minsk State Pedagogical University) founded in Minsk on 22 June 1914, opening in November 1914
1915 Minsk battle-front city of German empire's World War I: By 1915, Minsk became a battle-front city of German empire's World War I and its eastern front
February 1918 German empire's occupation of Minsk and military rule: February 1918 German imperial forces occupied Minsk and Belarus remained under German military rule during 1918 until the defeat of the aggressor
June 1941 German empire's bombing of Minsk in World War II: June 1941 German empire's bombing of Minsk in World War II, as much as 85% of the city's buildings and the entire infrastructure was destroyed, more than 1,000 people were killed
1941-1945 Nazi Germany's 'Reichskommissariat Ostland': 1941-1945 Nazi Germany's 'Reichskommissariat Ostland' occupation regime
Since July 1941 Minsk Ghetto: Since July 1941 Minsk Ghetto, created soon after the German invasion of the Soviet Union, one of the largest in Belorussian SSR, and the largest in the German-occupied territory of the Soviet Union, housing close to 100,000 Jews, most of whom perished in The Holocaust - 1942-1943 Maly Trostinets extermination camp on the outskirts of Minsk in 'Reichskommissariat Ostland'
Since 1944 Belarusian Great Patriotic War Museum in Minsk: Since October 1944 Belarusian Great Patriotic War Museum in Minsk after the liberation of Minsk from the Nazi invaders, making it the first World War II museum to open during the course of the war
Since 1946 Minsk Tractor Works: Since 1946 Minsk Tractor Works
Since 1948 Minsk State Linguistic University: Since 1948 Minsk State Linguistic University, specializing in 18 foreign languages
Since 1991 Minsk Belarusian capital: 1991 city of Minsk becomes capital of Republic of Belarus
Gomel: Gomel, the administrative centre of Gomel Region and with 526,872 inhabitants in 2015 the second-most populous city of Belarus
History of Gomel: History of Gomel
Grodno: Grodno city in western Belarus, located on the Neman close to the borders of Poland and Lithuania, with 365,610 inhabitants in 2016
History of Grodno: History of Grodno
Since November 1941 Grodno Ghetto: Grodno Ghetto, a World War II ghetto established in November 1941 by Nazi Germany in the city of Grodno for the purpose of persecution and exploitation of Jews in Western Belarus
Brest: Brest (formerly Brest-Litowsk), a city with a population 347,576 inhabitants in 2018 at the border with Poland opposite the Polish city of Terespol, where the Bug and Mukhavets rivers meet
History of Brest: History of Brest
March 1918 Treaty of Brest-Litovsk: March 1918 Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Since 1941 Brzesc Ghetto: Brzesc Ghetto (Ghetto in Brest), a World War II Jewish ghetto created by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland in December 1941, six months after the German troops had overrun the Soviet-occupied zone of the Second Polish Republic under the codename Operation Barbarossa, less than a year after the creation of the Ghetto most of approximately 20,000 Jewish inhabitants of Brzesc were murdered, over 5,000 were executed locally at the Brest Fortress
Vitebsk: Vitebsk, the capital of the Viciebsk Region, with 342,381 inhabitants in 2004
History of Vitebsk: History of Vitebsk
Since July 1941 Vitebsk Ghetto and Ghetto massacre of October 1941: Since July 1941 Vitebsk Ghetto, created soon after the German invasion of the Soviet Union and immediately after the Nazis took control of the town on 11 July 1941
Demographics and ethnic groups in Belarus: Demographics of Belarus - Ethnic groups in Belarus
History of the Jews in Belarus: History of the Jews in Belarus
Since 1941 The Holocaust in Belarus, Nazi Germany crimes in Belarus: Since 1941 The Holocaust in Belarus, the Nazi Germany crimes committed during World War II on the territory of Belarus against Jews
Culture of Belarus: Culture of Belarus
Jewish culture in Belarus: Jewish culture in Belarus
Languages of Belarus: Languages of Belarus - Belarusian language
Women in Belarus: Belarusian women
1926-1944 Belarusian resistance fighter Zinaida Martynovna Portnova tortured and murdered on 15 January 1944: 1926-1944 Zinaida Martynovna Portnova, a Belarusian teenager and partisan, who joined the Belarusian resistance movement after invading Nazi troops hit her grandmother while they were confiscating the cattle, was tortured and murdered on 15 January 1944, 25 years after the murder of Rosa Luxemburg - List of female Heroes of the Soviet Union
1872-1946 Belarusian-Israeli pathologist and scientist Sophia Getzowa: 1872-1946 Sophia Getzowa, a Belarusian-Israeli pathologist and scientist, who carried out widely cited research on the thyroid, identifying solid cell nests in 1907, later worked as a pathologist in Jerusalem, where she would become the first female professor in 1927, collaborating with a wide range of European scientists
1910-2001 politician Nadezhda Grekova: 1910-2001 Nadezhda Grekova, a Soviet Belarusian politician and the chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Belorussian SSR 1938-1947
'Tell the Truth' member Tatsiana Karatkevich: Tatsiana Karatkevich, born 1977 in Minsk, is a Belarusian politician and member of the civic campaign 'Tell the Truth'
Children in Belarus: Belarusian children
1926-1944 Belarusian resistance fighter Zinaida Martynovna Portnova tortured and murdered on 15 January 1944: 1926-1944 Zinaida Martynovna Portnova, a Belarusian teenager and partisan, who joined the Belarusian resistance movement after invading Nazi troops hit her grandmother while they were confiscating the cattle, was tortured and murdered on 15 January 1944, 25 years after the murder of Rosa Luxemburg
Education in Belarus: Education in Belarus
Schools in Belarus: Schools in Belarus
Colleges and universities in Belarus: Universities and colleges in Belarus
Health in Belarus: Health in Belarus
Healthcare in Belarus: Healthcare in Belarus
Belarusian media: Belarusian media - Media in Belarus by city - Propaganda in Belarus
Censorship and harassment of media in Belarus: Censorship in Belarus - Harassment and censorship of independent media
2010 Reporters Without Borders report: Reporters Without Borders ranked Belarus 154th in 'Press Freedom Index 2010'
October 2015: 9 October 2015: Journalists in Belarus face fines and arrest as they attempt to provide an alternative to pro-Lukashenko state channels
Newspapers in Belarus: Newspapers in Belarus
Broadcasting in Belarus: Radio in Belarus - TV in Belarus - Sports broadcasting contracts in Belarus
Internet in Belarus: Internet in Belarus
Crime in Belarus: Crime in Belarus
Corruption in Belarus: Corruption in Belarus
Antisemitism in Belarus, German occupations since 1915 and 1941 and German crimes against humanity: Antisemitism in Belarus - Nazi war crimes in Belarus - Since 1941 The Holocaust in Belarus, Nazi Germany's genocide committed during World War II on the territory of Belarus against Jews
February 2019 WWII mass grave: 22 February 2019: A mass grave containing bones from hundreds of bodies with gunshot wounds to their skulls, human remains belonging to men, women and children as well as clothes, shoes and other personal items, were discovered during construction atop what used to be the ghetto of Brest in present-day Belarus, as Nazi Germany forces killed three million civilians in Belarus, of whom 800,000 were Jewish
Capital punishment in Belarus: Capital punishment in Belarus
Human trafficking in Belarus: Human trafficking in Belarus
Law and legal history of Belarus: Belarusian law - Legal history of Belarus - Constitution of 3 May 1791 - 20th century Constitutions of Belarus - Amendments of the Constitution of Belarus and 1996 and 2004 Belarusian referendums
Courts and Supreme Court of Belarus: Court System of Belarus - Supreme Court of Belarus
2017: 27 August 2017: Belarus court clears way for luxury apartments to be built on top of Jewish cemeteries
Law enforcement in Belarus: Law enforcement in Belarus
Foreign relations of Belarus: Foreign relations of Belarus
Treaties of Belarus: Treaties of Belarus
Belarusian membership in international organisations: Belarusian membership in international organisations
2012: 6. Juli 2012: UN-Menschenrechtsrat ernennt Sonderberichterstatter zur Prüfung der Menschenrechtslage in Weissrussland
Bilateral relations of Belarus: Bilateral relations of Belarus
Belarus/European Union relations: Belarus/European Union relations - 11 August 2012: EU backs Sweden in Belarus row - 17 October 2013: EU helping prop up Belarus president Lukashenko, says opposition, calling for broader sanctions from Brussels
Belarus/Germany relations: Belarus/Germany relations - Belarus in World War II - Military history of Belarus during World War II - Occupation of Belarus by Nazi Germany - Nazi war crimes in Belarus - The Holocaust in Belarus - Minsk Ghetto - Maly Trostenets extermination camp
Belarusian resistance during World War II: Belarusian resistance during World War II
2012 German support against opposition in Belarus: 24. August 2012: Von 2008-2011 Schulung von Polizei und Miliz des Innenministeriums Weißrußlands in Deutschland für Einsätze gegen Demonstranten, sog. 'Rädelsführer' etc., auf Veranlassung der Regierung Merkel
February 2019 WWII mass grave: 22 February 2019: A mass grave containing bones from hundreds of bodies with gunshot wounds to their skulls, human remains belonging to men, women and children as well as clothes, shoes and other personal items, were discovered during construction atop what used to be the ghetto of Brest in present-day Belarus, as Nazi Germany forces killed three million civilians in Belarus, of whom 800,000 were Jewish
Belarus/Lithuania relations: Belarus/Lithuania relations
Belarus/Russia relations: Belarus/Russia relations
Pipelines, gas and engery disputes: Yamal–Europe pipeline - 2004 Russia–Belarus gas dispute - 2007 Russia–Belarus energy dispute
2009 Russian ban of Belarusian dairy products: 2009 Russian ban of Belarusian dairy products
2014 Russia and 'Eurasian Economic Union': Eurasian Economic Union will go into effect on 1 January 2015 if treaty is approved by each country - Eurasia - continental landmass of Europe and Asia - 29 May 2014: Ex-Soviet trade bloc treaty 'Eurasian Economic Union', uniting Russian, Kazakh, Belarusian economies into market, signed in Moscow
April 2015 Lukashenko refuses to attend 'Victory Day Parade in Mocow' with Chinese regime's Xi Jinping and North Korea's dictator Kim Jong Un: 19 April 2015: Belarus' Lukashenko refuses to attend Victory Day Parade in Mocow on May 9 as Chinese regime's Xi Jinping and North Korea's dictator Kim Jong Un are the most high-profile leaders to attend
October 2015 Belarus doesn't want to host a Russian military air base: 7 October 2015: Belarus doesn't want to host a Russian military air base, Lukashenko says following protests against his rule and reported Russian plans to beef up military presence
24 December 2019 Belarus' Lukashenko warns Putin against forceful merger: 24 décembre 2019: Le président bélarusse Loukachenko a mis en garde mardi les autorités russes contre une union sous la contrainte entre son pays et la Russie, qui discutent depuis des années d'une hypothétique fusion en un seul Etat
Belarus/Sweden relations: Belarus/Sweden relations - 3. August 2012: Weissrussland verweist den schwedischen Botschafter, der sich mit Oppositionspolitikern getroffen haben soll, des Landes - 8 October 2015: Svetlana Alexievich wins 2015 Nobel prize in literature
Belarus/Syria relations: Belarus/Syria relations
2017: 15 September 2017: Belarus seen quietly helping Assad boost missile program, as analyst Ronen Solomon links Belarusian regime to Syrian Assad regime's military facility allegedly bombed by Israel this month
Belarus/Ukraine relations: Belarus/Ukraine relations - Belarus–Ukraine border - 1991 Belavezha Accords
2016: 26 August 2016: Independence of Ukraine and Belarus is only way to develop bilateral relations, Belarus FM during the opening ceremony of a residential complex of the Belarusian Embassy to Ukraine
Environment of Belarus: Environment of Belarus
Protected areas of Belarus: Protected areas of Belarus - Forests of Belarus
Environmental issues in Belarus: Environmental concerns and current issues in Belarus
Since 1986 legacy of Chernobyl Disaster: Since 1986 legacy of pollution the Chernobyl Disaster
Water in Belarus: Water in Belarus


Belgium - Belgique - Geography of Belgium - History of Belgium - Demographics of Belgium
Economy of Belgium: Economy of Belgium - main industries include engineering and metal products, motor vehicle assembly, transportation equipment, scientific instruments, processed food and beverages, chemicals, basic metals, textiles, glass, petroleum - Companies of Belgium - Companies of Belgium by industry
Energy in Belgium: Energy in Belgium
2016: 3 January 2016: Belgian ageing nuclear reactor Doel 1 shut down on Saturday again, just three days after it was restarted
Banking and Financial Services and Markets Authority of Belgium: Financial Services and Markets Authority - Banks in Belgium
2011/2012: 10 October 2011: Belgian government will take full control of the Belgian arm of Franco-Belgian Dexia bank - 9 November 2012: France and Belgium agree to pump a further 5.5bn euros into bank Dexia, after it reported another large loss
Agriculture in Belgium: Agriculture in Belgium - Agriculture in Flanders - the 5 most important agricultural products in 2013 are pork (1.46 billion euros), dairy products (844 million euros), beef (712 million euros), vegetables (602 million euros) and ornamental horticulture products (512 million euros)
Politics of Belgium: Politics of Belgium - Constitution of Belgium, dating back to 1831
Regions, provinces and communities of Belgium: Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium - Provinces of Belgium - Belgium includes three regions, two of these regions, the Flemish Region or Flanders, and Walloon Region, or Wallonia, are each subdivided into five provinces, the third region, the Brussels-Capital Region, is not divided into provinces - Bilingualism in Belgium - Language legislation in Belgium
Political parties and trade unions in Belgium: Political parties in Belgium - Trade unions in Belgium
Elections and politics in Belgium: Elections in Belgium
2010: Belgian general election 13 June 2010 - 2010–2011 Belgian government formation
2010-2013: 8. Juli 2011: Belgiens designierter Premier Elio Di Rupo gibt im Juli 2011 auf - 8 October: Belgian parties strike key reform deal to end political crisis - 21 novembre: Le socialiste Elio di Rupo, Premier ministre pressenti, a presenté sa démission - 27 November: Belgian leaders agree on federal budget - 13 juillet 2012: Le Parlement belge a adopté à 106 voix contre 42 le projet de loi 'scindant' l'arrondissement de Bruxelles-Hal-Vilvorde
Belgian provincial and municipal elections, 14 October 2012 - 14/15 October: Local elections have resulted in widespread gains for the Flemish Nationalist Party, which wants to divide the country - 15 octobre: Le chef des indépendantistes flamands, vainqueur des municipales à Anvers en Belgique, a lancé un appel au Premier ministre Elio Di Rupo pour qu'il négocie avec lui une réforme de l'État ouvrant la voie à une confédération
2014: 13 February: Parliament in Belgium has passed a bill allowing euthanasia for terminally ill children without any age limit, by 86 votes to 44
May 2014 Belgium Federal and regional elections: Belgian federal election 25 May 2014 - Belgian regional elections 25 May 2014 - 26 May 2014: First estimates give 33% of the vote in Flanders to the New Flemish Alliance
May 2014 Belgium European Parliament election: Belgium European Parliament election 25 May 2014
May-October 2014: 2014 Belgian government formation - 8 October: The Francophone liberal Charles Michel will become Belgium’s PM
December 2018: 19 December 2018: Belgian PM Michel resigns after he lost support of key coalition partner, the nationalist New Flemish Alliance, when backing UN bid to improve coordination on migrants, and after the parliament rejected Michel's appeal for its support for a minority administration, now bracing for a snap election in January
May 2019 Belgian federal election: 26 May 2019 Belgian federal election
May 2019 European Parliament election in Belgium: 26 May 2019 European Parliament election in Belgium
May 2019 Belgian federal election: 26 May 2019 Belgian federal election
October 2019 Sophie Wilmès new PM: 28 October 2019: Sophie Wilmès was appointed as the new PM of Belgium, becoming the first female premier in the country's history
Social movements, trade unions and protests in Belgium: Protests in Belgium
2011: 2. Dezember 2011: In Brüssel gewerkschaftliche Großdemonstration von Zehntausenden gegen Sparpolitik
2012-2014: 30 January 2012: Strike set to bring Belgium to a halt - 30 January: Some 2.000 steel workers protested plans to lay off 1.300 workers at several ArcelorMittal plants in Liege, wanting the regional government to intervene - 8 March 2013: Hundreds of Belgian steel workers have blocked a border crossing near the Belgian city of Liege to protest against planned job cuts by ArcelorMittal - 15 December 2014: Air, train links cut as national strike begins against the new government's austerity policies
2016: 17 avril 2016: Des milliers de personnes ont rendu hommage, dimanche à Bruxelles, aux 32 morts des attentats du 22 mars
December 2017: 7 December 2017: Nearly 50,000 people marched through the European quarter of Brussels on Thursday night in support of Catalan independence and the region’s ousted president Carles Puigdemont, who has avoided arrest in Spain by taking refuge in Belgium
2018: 26 février 2018: Quelque 10'000 personnes ont manifesté dimanche à Bruxelles dans le froid pour témoigner leur solidarité avec les migrants et exiger du gouvernement belge une politique migratoire 'plus humaine'
Society, demographics, human rights and culture in Belgium: Belgian society
Human rights in Belgium: Human rights in Belgium
Minority and employees' rights in Belgium: Minority and employees' rights in Belgium
Demographics of Belgium: Demographics of Belgium - Belgians - Belgian people by ethnic or national origin - Immigrants to Belgium
Flemish people: Flemish people
Walloons: Walloons are French-speaking people who live in Belgium, principally in Wallonia
History of the Jews in Belgium: History of the Jews in Belgium - History of the Jews in Antwerp - Great Synagogue of Europe is the main synagogue in Brussels - 16 January 2015: Jewish schools in Belgium close amid terror threat
Afro Belgians: Afro Belgians are Belgian citizens and members of the Black African community in Belgium
Culture and languages of Belgium: Culture of Belgium - Languages of Belgium
Flemish culture
Walloon culture - Ars nova, music which flourished in France and the Burgundian Low Countries in the Late Middle Ages until the death of the composer Guillaume de Machaut in 1377
Architecture, art and literature in Belgium: Belgian architecture - Art of Belgium - Belgian literature
Music of Belgium: Music of Belgium - Burgundian School, group of composers mainly in the 15th century in what is now northern and eastern France, Belgium, and the Netherlands - Franco-Flemish Music 14th-16th century
Education in Belgium: Education in Belgium
Science and technology in Belgium
Health in Belgium: Health in Belgium
Healthcare in Belgium: Healthcare in Belgium
Belgian media: Belgian media
2015: 15 January 2015: Four bookshops in Brussels receive letters warning of reprisals if they distribute first issue of French satirical weekly Charlie Hebdo since last week's terror attacks in Paris
Crime in Belgium: Crime in Belgium
Belgian people convicted of child sexual abuse and Belgian rapists: Belgian people convicted of child sexual abuse - Belgian rapists
Belgian murderers of children and Belgian serial killers: Belgian murderers of children - Belgian serial killers
1995-1996 child and serial killer Marc Dutroux: Belgian serial killer and child molester Marc Dutroux, convicted of having kidnapped, tortured and sexually abused six girls from 1995 to 1996
Since 1995 Criticism of police investigations of Dutroux's crimes and 1998 Parliamentary investigation: Since 1995 Criticism of police investigations of Dutroux's crimes and allegations of cover-up - 1998 Parliamentary investigation's report concluded that Dutroux profited from corruption, sloppiness and incompetence
2004 Dutroux's trial: 2004 Dutroux's trial, some seven and a half years after his initial arrest - 23 June 2004: Marc Dutroux sentenced to life in prison for a series of child kidnappings, child rapes and murders that prompted sweeping police reforms and a crackdown on child sex crimes, Dutroux's ex-wife, Michelle Martin sentenced to 30 years in prison for the starving deaths of two girls
2012 release of the jailed ex-wife of child killer Marc Dutroux: 28 August 2012: The jailed ex-wife Michelle Martin of child killer Marc Dutroux released from prison by Belgium's highest court as relatives of the pair's victims express outrage over the decision, after in 2004 Michelle Martin was sentenced to 30 years in prison for the starving deaths of two girls
Racism in Belgium: Racism in Belgium
2002: 18 July 2002: Belgium confronts its colonial demons
2017: 15 August 2017: Decades after Belgium ended its colonial rule in Congo, and a century after the atrocities committed in Congo Free State, Belgians are slowly beginning to reconcile with this troubled history - 17 October 2017: As Belgium confronts the identity crisis of its disillusioned minorities and homegrown terrorism, its genocidal colonial legacy remains tucked away from the public discourse, confined to art, culture and religion
Antisemitism in Belgium: Antisemitism in Belgium
1940-1945 The Holocaust in Belgium during the German occupation: The Holocaust in Belgium during the German occupation of Belgium - German Nazi concentration camps in Belgium
Antisemitism in contemporary Belgium: Antisemitism in contemporary Belgium
July 1980 Antwerp summer camp attack: July 1980 Antwerp summer camp attack on a group of 40 Jewish children - Said Al Nasr convicted in Belgium in 1980, for throwing two hand grenades into a group of Jewish children waiting for a bus in Antwerp on 27 July 1980
1981 Antwerp bombing: 1981 Antwerp bombing, a truck bomb exploded outside a Portuguese Jewish synagogue in the centre of Antwerp, three people were killed and 106 wounded
May 2014 Jewish Museum of Belgium shooting: May 2014 Jewish Museum of Belgium shooting - 24 May 2014: Three people were killed and one badly injured when a gunman attacked the Jewish Museum in the centre of Brussels - 25 May 2014: An Israeli couple and two museum workers killed in the terror attack at the Jewish Museum in Brussels - 25 May: Israel's Netanyahu offers to aid Belgium probe of Jewish Museum attack - 27 May: Some 2,000 people gather for silent vigil at the site of Jewish Museum attack - 1 June 2014: The Frenchman Nemmouche arrested Friday for the triple murder in Brussels Jewish Museum found in possession of a video in which a man believed to be him is heard claiming responsibility for the attack
July 2014: 16 July: Antwerp rally attended by some 500 people amid wave of anti-Semitic attacks in Western Europe against Israel's Protective Edge calls for 'slaughter of Jews'
August 2016: 25 August 2016: Belgian government-funded Catholic Sint-Jozefs Institute secondary school stated pride in and support for retired teacher Descheemaeker who had published anti-Semitic caricatures, and who recently won a cash prize at Iran’s Holocaust mockery cartoon competition
February 2018: 12 February 2018: Belgian police detain refugee for anti-Semitic hate crimes, filmed destroying at least 20 mezuzahs and vandalizing Jewish institutions in Antwerp
August 2018: 9 August 2018: Jewish couple in Belgium targeted with death threats
December 2018: 21 December 2018: Belgian soccer fans sing chant about burning Jews
March 2019: 7 March 2019: Aalst's Vismooil’n group behind anti-Semitic carnival float at Belgium’s most celebrated carnival, added in 2010 to UNESCO’s list of events, and mayor Christoph D’Haese are not sorry, as Pascal Soleme calls the float, which featured anti-Semitic depictions of Jews with money bags and rats, a 'celebration of humor', saying 'people who got offended live in the past'
Terrorism and massacres in Belgium: Terrorism in Belgium - List of massacres in Belgium
1914-1918: German war crimes in World War I in Belgium
1940-1945: May 1940 at least 86 civilians killed by the German Wehrmacht known in Belgium as the Vinkt Massacre, the first of several German massacres in World War II in Belgium
1980: Said Al Nasr convicted in Belgium in 1980, for throwing two hand grenades into a group of Jewish children waiting for a bus in Antwerp on 27 July 1980
1981 Antwerp bombing: 1981 Antwerp bombing, a truck bomb exploded outside a Portuguese Jewish synagogue in the centre of Antwerp, three people were killed and 106 wounded
1985: 1985 kidnapping of the Belgian-French family Houtekins-Kets by Palestinian terrorists and the Libyan government from their yacht Silco in the Mediterranean, the Belgian part of the family was held for almost five years of captivity in Libya, but were freed after the liberation of Abu Nidal terrorist Said Al Nasr
Since 1988: Since 1988 'Soldiers of the Right' terror organization claimed three assassinations in Brussels and more terror attacks worldwide - 6 May 1996: List of terrorist attacks for which there have been public accusations of Iranian government involvement since July 1979, according to the Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan
2011: 14 décembre 2011: À Liège une fusillade d'un homme armé a fait au moins cinq morts et plus de 100 blessés
May 2014 Jewish Museum of Belgium shooting: May 2014 Jewish Museum of Belgium shooting
March 2016 Brussels bombings: 22 March 2016 Brussels bombings, three explosions occurred in Brussels, two of which were at the Brussels Airport and one on the metro system - 22 March 2016: Multiple casualties after airport and metro blasts in Brussels - 23 March: After attacks at Zaventem airport and Maelbeek metro station in Brussels killed at least 31 people and injured up to 230, el-Bakraoui brothers named as 'Islamic State' suicide bombers - 24 March: Raising awkward questions for Belgium’s intelligence services, Turkey’s Erdogan says that Belgium ignored Turkey’s warnings that Ibrahim el-Bakraoui was a foreign fighter - 24 March: As names of victims of Tuesday’s suicide bombings emerge, and as survivors reveal the horror of the blasts and narrow escapes, investigations and search for suspects continue - 25 March: Following suicide bombings in Brussels, some arrests linked to suspected wider network that plans, planned and asssisted terror attacks made in French and Belgian police raids - 26 March: Search for suspects in Belgium continues, as a series of raids and arrests reveal more links with the November Paris killings and a new French plot, and as reports reveal that suspects Ibrahim and Khaled El Bakraoui were on USA terror watch list as of last year - 28 March: Three men held as part of 13 raids in Brussels, Mechelen and Duffel at weekend charged with terrorist activity, as anti-immigrant demonstrators trample the memorial in Place de la Bourse in Brussels for victims of last week’s suicide bombings - 9 April: Belgian police detain two key suspects in the Islamic State attacks on Paris and Brussels
August 2016: 6 August 2016 Charleroi attack - 6 August 2016: Female police officers were assaulted and injured in Charleroi on Saturday afternoon by an attacker reportedly shouting in Arabic, who was then shot in the machete attack
June 2017: On 20 June 2017 a small blast occurred at Brussels Central Station in Brussels - 21 June 2017: Soldiers shoot suspected terrorist dead at Brussels railway station
August 2017: 25 August 2017 Brussels attack - 25 August 2017: A man who attacked and injured two soldiers with a knife in Brussels reportedly shouting 'Allahu Akbar' shot dead by the army - 27 August 2017: Islamic State terrorists says Brussels attacker belonged to group
May 2018: 29 May 2018 Liège attack - 29 May 2018: A gunman has killed two police officers and a passerby before being shot dead in the centre of the Belgian city of Liège, as the anti-terrorist crisis centre says terrorism could not be excluded
Counter-terrorism in Belgium: Counter-terrorism in Belgium
2015: January 2015 anti-terrorism operations in Belgium, including operation in Verviers against Islamist radicals and operations in Brussels, the nearby communes of Schaerbeek, Sint-Jans-Molenbeek, Vilvoorde, and Zaventem - 15 January 2015 Belgian anti-terrorist operation against Islamists - 15 January 2015: Casualties in Belgium police anti-terror raid in Verviers
Judiciary and court system in Belgium: Judiciary and court system in Belgium
Constitutional Court of Belgium: Constitutional Court of Belgium
Law enforcement in Belgium: Law enforcement in Belgium
Local and Federal Police in Belgium: Local Police in Belgium - Federal Police
Police brutality in Belgium: Police brutality in Belgium
Foreign relations of Belgium: Foreign relations of Belgium
Belgian colonial empire and relations with former colonies: Belgian colonial empire - Belgium/Former colonies relations
Treaties of Belgium: Treaties of Belgium
Belgian membership in international organisations: Belgian membership in international organisations
Belgium, Brussels and the EU: Brussels and the European Union
Belgium/United Nations relations: Belgium/United Nations relations
Foreign involvement in the killing of Patrice Lumumba: Foreign involvement in the killing of Patrice Lumumba in January 1961
Bilateral relations of Belgium: Bilateral relations of Belgium
Belgium/Austria relations: Belgium/Austria relations
1914-1918 Habsburg Monarchy and World War I: 1914-1918 World War I
Since 1938 Austria part of Nazi Germany and World War II 1939-1945: 1938 annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany - 1939-1945 World War II - Axis powers
Belgium/D.R. of the Congo relations: Belgium/D.R. of the Congo relations
Since 1885 Belgian atrocities, Red Rubber system and forced labour in the 'Congo Free State': 1885-1908 Atrocities in the 'Congo Free State' - Red Rubber system and forced labour
Belgium/Ecuador relations: Relaciones Bélgica/Ecuador
Belgium/France relations: Belgium/France relations - 8 septembre 2012: Vive la Belgique! Le patron français de l'empire du luxe LVMH Bernard Arnault sollicite la nationalité belge
Belgium/Germany relations: Belgium/Germany relations
Belgium/Israel relations: Belgium/Israel relations
Belgium/Palestinian territories relations:
Belgium/Syria relations: Belgium/Syria relations
Belgium/Ukraine relations: Belgium/Ukraine relations
Belgium/United Kingdom relations: Belgium/United Kingdom relations
1814-1918 Congress of Vienna, World War I, German invasion of Belgium, British reaction and allied forces: 1814-1815 Congress of Vienna - Since August 1914 German invasion of Belgium - 1914-1918 World War I
Environment of Belgium: Environment of Belgium - Climate of Belgium
Global warming in Belgium: Global warming in Belgium
Natural disasters in Belgium: Natural disasters in Belgium
May-June 2016 European floods: May-June 2016 European floods


Bosnia and Herzegovina - Geography of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Taxation in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Taxation in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Politics and elections in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Elections in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Social movements and protests in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Protests in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Bosnia and Herzegovina society - Human rights in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Education in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Education in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Health in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Health in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina media: Bosnia and Herzegovina media
Law enforcement in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Law enforcement in Bosnia and Herzegovina - Bosnian Police
Crime in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Crime in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnian Mafia: Bosnian Mafia
Human trafficking in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Human trafficking in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnian War 1992-1995, war crimes, prosecutions and legal proceedings (ongoing): Bosnian War, prosecutions and legal proceedings - War crimes in the Bosnian War
Foreign relations of Bosnia and Herzegovina: Foreign relations of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina/European Union relations: Accession of Bosnia and Herzegovina to the European Union
Environment of Bosnia and Herzegovina: Environment of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Environmental issues of Bosnia and Herzegovina: Environmental issues of Bosnia and Herzegovina


Bulgaria - Geography of Bulgaria - History of Bulgaria - Demographics of Bulgaria
Water in Bulgaria: Water in Bulgaria
Transport in Bulgaria: Transport in Bulgaria
Banking and banks of Bulgaria: Banks of Bulgaria - Bulgarian National Bank
Economic history of Bulgaria and business cycles: Economic history of Bulgaria
May 2014 Bulgaria European Parliament election: Bulgaria European Parliament election 25 May 2014
May 2019 European Parliament election in Bulgaria: 26 May 2019 European Parliament election in Bulgaria
Protests in Bulgaria: Protests in Bulgaria
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Bulgaria: Bulgarian society - Human rights in Bulgaria
Demographics and ethnic groups in Bulgaria: Demographics of Bulgaria - Ethnic groups in Bulgaria
Turks in Bulgaria: Turks in Bulgaria
Romani people in Bulgaria: Romani people in Bulgaria
History of the Jews in Bulgaria: History of the Jews in Bulgaria
Immigration to Bulgaria: Immigration to Bulgaria
Education in Bulgaria: Education in Bulgaria
Health in Bulgaria: Health in Bulgaria
Crime in Bulgaria: Crime in Bulgaria
Corruption in Bulgaria: Corruption in Bulgaria
Human trafficking in Bulgaria: Human trafficking in Bulgaria
Organized crime in Bulgaria: Organized crime in Bulgaria - Bulgarian mafia
Terrorism in Bulgaria: Terrorism in Bulgaria
July 2012 Burgas bus bombing: July 2012 Burgas bus bombing
Judiciary of Bulgaria: Judiciary of Bulgaria
Law enforcement in Bulgaria: Law enforcement in Bulgaria
Foreign relations of Bulgaria: Foreign relations of Bulgaria
Treaties of Bulgaria: Treaties of Bulgaria
Immigration to Bulgaria: Immigration to Bulgaria
Since 2014 international and European refugee and migrant crisis: Since 2014 International and European refugee and migrant crisis
Bulgaria's membership in international organisationsBulgaria's membership in international organisations
Bulgaria and the European Union: Bulgaria and the European Union - Bulgaria and the euro
Bilateral relations of Bulgaria: Bilateral relations of Bulgaria
Bulgaria/Afghanistan relations: Bulgaria/Afghanistan relations
Bulgaria/Germany relations: Bulgaria/Germany relations
1939-1945 World War II and Anti-Comintern Pact: World War II and Anti-Comintern Pact
Bulgaria/Lebanon relations: Bulgaria/Lebanon relations
Bulgaria/Romania relations: Bulgaria/Romania relations
Bulgaria/United Kingdom relations: Bulgaria/United Kingdom relations
19 October 2019 Bulgaria soccer coach quits after racist chants Nazi: 19 October 2019: Bulgaria soccer coach quits after racist chants Nazi salutes at England match
Bulgaria/USA relations: Bulgaria/USA relations
Environment and environmental issues in Bulgaria: Environment of Bulgaria - Environmental issues in Bulgaria
Protected areas of Bulgaria: Protected areas of Bulgaria
Natural disasters in Bulgaria: Natural disasters in Bulgaria
Floods in Bulgaria: Floods in Bulgaria
2014 Bulgarian floods: June 2014 Bulgarian floods


Croatia - Geography of Croatia - History of Croatia - Croatian War of Independance
Demographics of Croatia
Water transport in Croatia: Water transport in Croatia
Tourism in Croatia: Tourism in Croatia
May 2019 European Parliament election in Croatia: 23-26 May 2019 European Parliament election in Croatia
Protests in Croatia: Protests in Croatia
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Croatia: Croatian society
Regions and cunties of Croatia: Regions of Croatia - 20 Counties of Croatia
Cities and towns in Croatia: Cities and towns in Croatia
Demographics of Croatia: Demographics of Croatia
Ethnic groups in Croatia: Ethnic groups in Croatia
Immigration to Croatia: Immigration to Croatia
2014/2015 International and European refugee and migrant crisis: 2014/2015 International and European refugee and migrant crisis
2015: 16 September 2015: First refugees head for Croatia after Hungary's border crackdown - 18 September 2015: As Croatia closes border crossings with Serbia and police stand guard in front of refugees and migrants, Hungary builds border fence with Croatia - 18 September: Croatia fails to cope with refugee and migrant influx, as refugees wait for the trains that never come - 27 September 2015: Record migrant arrivals in Croatia as crisis deepens - 5 October: Refugees and migrants continue to cross from Serbia to Croatia in their thousands - 19 October 2015: Thousands of refugees trying to make their way to western Europe have rushed over Serbia’s border to Croatia after they were stranded for days in dangerous and deteriorating conditions, 'the last person to go was a young boy without a leg, and we helped him cross in a wheelchair', UNHCR's Melita Sunjic reports, as UN's Ban Ki-moon says, refugees are fleeing difficult hardships they can't bear by themselves
December 2019 brutal policing persists at Croatia’s borders: 22 December 2019: ‘Blood on the ground’ at Croatia’s borders as brutal policing persists
Education in Croatia: Education in Croatia
Health in Croatia: Health in Croatia
Healthcare in Croatia: Healthcare in Croatia
Sport in Croatia by sport: Sport in Croatia by sport
Media of Croatia: Media of Croatia
Newspapers in Croatia: List of newspapers in Croatia
Internet in Croatia: Internet in Croatia
Law and legal history of Croatia: Law of Croatia - Legal history of Croatia
Judiciary of Croatia: Judiciary of Croatia
Law enforcement in Croatia: Law enforcement in Croatia
Foreign relations of Croatia: Foreign relations of Croatia
Croatia/Bosnia and Herzegovina relations: Croatia/Bosnia and Herzegovina relations
Croatia/Israel relations: Croatia/Israel relations -
Croatia/Serbia relations: Croatia/Serbia relations
1914-1945 Croatia and Serbia in World War I and World War II: 1914-1945 Croatia and Serbia in World War I and World War II
1991-1995 Croatian War of Independence: 1991-1995 Croatian War of Independence
Environmentalism in Croatia: Environmentalism in Croatia
Water supply and sanitation in Croatia: Water supply and sanitation in Croatia


Cyprus - Modern history of Cyprus - Northern Cyprus - Demographics of Cyprus
Water transport in Cyprus: Water transport in Cyprus
Poverty in Cyprus: Poverty in Cyprus
Elections and politics in Cyprus: Elections in Cyprus
May 2011 Cypriot legislative election: Cypriot legislative election May 2011
24 February 2013: Cyprus president-elect Nicos Anastasiades pledged after his poll victory on Sunday to work for an early EU bailout accord to rescue the island from bankruptcy - 18 mars: Le Parlement chypriote se réunit pour examiner le plan de sauvetage européen qui a exigé que tous les dépôts bancaires soient taxés - 20 March: Emergency meeting after Cyprus MPs reject bank levy - 21 March: Cypriot president to present 'Plan B' rescue package - 21 March: European Central Bank issues ultimatum to Cyprus - 22 March 2013: Finance Minister Sarris back from Russia without reaching an agreement - 23 March: Parliament, in a late-night session, backed the first three of eight measures advanced by the government - 25 mars: Le plan de sauvetage conclu entre le gouvernement chypriote et la troïka comprend une taxe sur les dépôts de plus de 100.000 euros et la fermeture de la deuxième banque du pays - 26 March: Closed since March 16 to avert run on deposits Cyprus banks to remain closed until Thursday - 28 March: Temporary limits on daily withdrawals will remain in place as Cyprus reopens banks amid protests - 29 March: Cypriot president rules out leaving eurozone
May 2019 European Parliament election in Cyprus: 26 May 2019 European Parliament election in Cyprus
Social movements and protests in Cyprus:
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Cyprus: Cypriot society - Human rights in Cyprus
Demographics of Cyprus: Demographics of Cyprus
Women in Cyprus: Women in Cyprus
Education in Cyprus: Education in Cyprus
Healthcare in Cyprus: Healthcare in Cyprus
Internet in Cyprus: Internet in Cyprus
Foreign relations of Cyprus: Foreign relations of Cyprus
Treaties of Cyprus: Treaties of Cyprus
Membership of Cyprus in international organisations: Membership of Cyprus in international organisations
Bilateral relations of Cyprus: Bilateral relations of Cyprus
Cyprus/Egypt relations: Cyprus/Egypt relations
Cyprus/Germany relations: Cyprus/Germany relations
Cyprus/Greece relations: Cyprus/Greece relations
Cyprus/Israel relations: Cyprus/Israel relations
Cyprus/Russia relations: Cyprus/Russia relations
Cyprus/Turkey relations: Cyprus/Turkey relations
1974 Turkish invasion of Cyprus: 1974 Turkish invasion of Cyprus
Cyprus–Turkey maritime zones dispute: Cyprus–Turkey maritime zones dispute
Cyprus/United Kingdom relations: Cyprus/United Kingdom relations
1914–1960 British Cyprus: British Cyprus 1914–1960
Cyprus/USA relations: Cyprus/USA relations
Environment of Cyprus: Environment of Cyprus - Climate of Cyprus
Protected areas of Cyprus and Paphos Forest: Protected areas of Cyprus - Paphos Forest


Czech Republic - Geography of the Czech Republic - History of the Czech lands - Demographics of the Czech lands
Fossil fuels in the Czech Republic: Fossil fuels in the Czech Republic
Renewable energy in the Czech Republic: Renewable energy in the Czech Republic
Tourism in the Czech Republic: Tourism in the Czech Republic
Taxation in the Czech Republic: Taxation in the Czech Republic
Political parties in the Czech Republic: Political parties in the Czech Republic
Trade unions in the Czech Republic: Trade unions in the Czech Republic
Elections and politics in the Czech Republic: Elections in the Czech Republic
May 2010 Czech legislative election: 28/29 May 2010 Czech legislative election
October 2012 Czech Senate election: Czech Senate election, October 2012
May 2019 European Parliament election in the Czech Republic: 24-25 May 2019 European Parliament election in the Czech Republic
Social movements and protests in the Czech Republic: Protests in the Czech Republic
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in the Czech Republic: Czech society - Human rights in the Czech Republic
Cities in the Czech Republic: Cities and towns in the Czech Republic
Demographics in the Czech Republic: Demographics of the Czech lands
Ethnic groups in the Czech Republic: Ethnic groups in the Czech Republic
Immigration to the Czech Republic: Immigrants to the Czech Republic
Women in the Czech Republic: Women in the Czech Republic
Education in the Czech Republic: Education in the Czech Republic
Health in the Czech Republic: Health in the Czech Republic
Healthcare in the Czech Republic: Healthcare in the Czech Republic
Czech media: Czech media
Newspapers in the Czech Republic: Newspapers published in the Czech Republic
Internet in the Czech Republic: Internet in the Czech Republic
Crime in the Czech Republic: Crime in the Czech Republic
Corruption in the Czech Republic: Corruption in the Czech Republic
Racism in the Czech Republic: Racism in the Czech Republic
Human trafficking in the Czech Republic: Human trafficking in the Czech Republic
Judiciary and courts of the Czech Republic: Judiciary of the Czech Republic - Courts of the Czech Republic
Supreme Court of the Czech Republic: Since 1993 Supreme Court of the Czech Republic
Law enforcement in the Czech Republic: Law enforcement in the Czech Republic
Foreign relations of the Czech Republic: Foreign relations of the Czech Republic
Treaties of the Czech Republic: Treaties of the Czech Republic
Czech Republic's participation in international organizations: Czech Republic's participation in international organizations
Bilateral relations of the Czech Republic: Bilateral relations of the Czech Republic
Czech Republic/Austria relations: Czech Republic/Austria relations
Czech Republic/P.R of China relations: Czech Republic/P.R of China relations
Czech-Chinese trade relations:Czech Republic/P.R of China trade relations
Czech Republic/France relations: Czech Republic/France relations
Czech Republic/Germany relations: Czech Republic/Germany relations
1938-1945 Czech resistance to Nazi occupation: Czech resistance to Nazi occupation 1938-1945
Czech Republic/Poland relations: Czech Republic/Poland relations
Czech Republic/Slovakia relations: Czech Republic/Slovakia relations
Czech Republic/United Kingdom relations: Czech Republic/United Kingdom relations
Environmentalism in the Czech Republic: Environmentalism in the Czech Republic
Natural disasters in the Czech Republic: Natural disasters in the Czech Republic
May/June 2013 European floods: May/June 2013 European floods


Denmark - Geography of Denmark - History of Denmark - Demographics of Denmark
Water supply and sanitation in Denmark: Water supply and sanitation in Denmark
Economic history of Denmark and economic cycles: Economic history of Denmark - Income inequality in Denmark
Since 2001 Danish property bubble: Danish property bubble of 2000s
Since 2008 Great Recession in Europe: Since 2008 Great Recession in Europe - Denmark
Employment in Denmark: Employment in Denmark
Unemployment benefits in Denmark: Unemployment benefits in Denmark
Taxation and budget in Denmark: Taxation in Denmark - Budgets of Danish government
Elections and politics in Denmark: Elections in Denmark - Danish EU membership referendum 2011
May 2019 European Parliament election in Denmark: 26 May 2019 European Parliament election in Denmark
Constitution, social movements and protests in Denmark: Constitution of Denmark - Social and political movements in Denmark - Protests in Denmark
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Denmark: Danish society - Human rights in Denmark - Freedom of speech and freedom of the press in Denmark
Faroese Dane: Faroese Dane
2014/2015 European refugee and migrant crisis: 2014/2015 European refugee and migrant crisis
Museums in Denmark: List of museums in Denmark
Economy, history and culture of Copenhagen: Economy of Copenhagen - History of Copenhagen - Culture in Copenhagen
Education in Denmark: Youth in Denmark
Health care in Denmark: Health care in Denmark
Crime in Denmark: Crime in Denmark
Corruption in Denmark: Corruption in Denmark
Tax evasion and avoidance in Denmark: Elements of income tax evasion and avoidance in Denmark
Human trafficking in Denmark: Human trafficking in Denmark
Law enforcement in Denmark: Law enforcement in Denmark
Courts of Denmark: Courts of Denmark
Police of Denmark: Police of Denmark
Foreign relations of Denmark: Foreign relations of Denmark
Treaties of Denmark: Treaties of Denmark
Bilateral relations of Denmark: Bilateral relations of Denmark
Denmark/Germany relations: Denmark/Germany relations
1943-1945 arrests and deportations of Danish Jews: Arrests and deportations of Danish Jews 1943-1945
Denmark/Iran relations: Denmark/Iran relations
Denmark/Norway relations: Denmark/Norway relations
Denmark/Poland relations: Denmark/Poland relations
Denmark/Sweden relations: Denmark/Sweden relations
Denmark/Syria relations: Denmark/Syria relations
Denmark/Ukraine relations: Denmark/Ukraine relations
Denmark/USA relations: Denmark/USA relations
Geography and Kingdom of Denmark: Geography of Denmark - Kingdom of Denmark
Forests of Denmark: Forests of Denmark
Water in Denmark: Water in Denmark
Environmental issues and environmentalism in Denmark: Environmental issues in Denmark - Environmentalism in Denmark
Natural disasters in Denmark: Natural disasters in Denmark
Weather events in Denmark: Weather events in Denmark
Faroe Islands: Faroe Islands, politically associated with the Kingdom of Denmark, but self-governing since 1948
Ports and harbours and water transport in the Faroe Islands: Ports and harbours of the Faroe Islands - Water transport in the Faroe Islands
Demographics and society of the Faroe Islands: Demographics of the Faroe Islands - Faroese society
Education in the Faroe Islands: Education in the Faroe Islands
Health in the Faroe Islands: Health in the Faroe Islands
Political parties on the Faroe Islands: List of political parties on the Faroe Islands
Elections in the Faroe Islands: Elections in the Faroe Islands
August 2019 Faroese general election: 31 August 2019 Faroese general election
Faroese law: Faroese law
Greenland: Greenland
Geography of Greenland: Geography of Greenland
Climate of Greenland: Climate of Greenland
Greenland ice sheet and ice cap climate: Greenland ice sheet - Ice cap climate
Water in Greenland: Water in Greenland
History of Greenland: History of Greenland
Economy of Greenland: Economy of Greenland
Education in Greenland: Education in Greenland
Health in Greenland: Health in Greenland


Éire (Republic of Ireland) - History of Ireland - Geography of Ireland - Demographics of the Republic of Ireland
Companies of the Republic of Ireland by industry: Companies by industry in the Republic of Ireland by industry
Agriculture in the Republic of Ireland: Agriculture in the Republic of Ireland
Fishing in Ireland: Fishing in Ireland
Transport in Ireland: Transport in Ireland
Water transport in the Republic of Ireland: Water transport in the Republic of Ireland
Rail transport in the Republic of Ireland: Rail transport in the Republic of Ireland
Road transport in the Republic of Ireland: Road transport in the Republic of Ireland
Irish economic history, economic cycle and crises: Economic history of the Republic of Ireland
Taxation in the Republic of Ireland: Taxation in the Republic of Ireland
Elections and politics in the Republic of Ireland: Elections in the Republic of Ireland
2008/2009 Fallout of the Irish government budget 2009: Fallout of the 2009 Irish government budget
May 2019 European Parliament election in Ireland: 24 May 2019 European Parliament election in Ireland
Social movements and protests: Protests in Ireland
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Ireland: Irish society - Human rights in Ireland
Provinces and counties of Ireland: 4 provinces of Ireland (Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster) no longer serve administrative or political purposes, but function as historical and cultural entities - Counties of Ireland, in 2019 there are 26 county level, 3 city level and 2 city and county entities – the modern equivalent of counties corporate – that are used to demarcate areas of local government in the Republic of Ireland - In the Republic of Ireland local government functions are mostly exercised by thirty-one local authorities, termed County, City, or City and County Councils - Local Government Reform Act 2014 - Local electoral areas for elections to local authorities in Ireland - There are currently 40 multi-member constituencies, that elect 158 TDs (members of parliament), to Dáil Éireann, Ireland's house of representatives, by means of the single transferable vote, to a maximum term of five years
Towns and villages in the Republic of Ireland by county: Towns and villages in the Republic of Ireland by county
History of Dublin to 795: History of Dublin to 795
Timeline of Dublin: Timeline of Dublin since 841
1919-1921 Irish War of Independence: 1919-1921 Irish War of Independence
1940-1941 German bombing of Dublin and of the Irish state: 1940-1941 German bombing of Dublin and of the Irish state in World War II
Economy of Cork: Economy of Cork
Economy of Limerick: Economy of Limerick
Demographics and ethnic groups in Ireland: Demographics of the Republic of Ireland - Ethnic groups in Ireland
History of the Jews in Ireland: History of the Jews in Ireland
Immigration to the Republic of Ireland: Immigration to the Republic of Ireland
Women and women's rights in Ireland: Women in Ireland - Women's rights in Ireland
Children's rights in Ireland: Children's rights in Ireland
Health in the Republic of Ireland: Health in the Republic of Ireland
Healthcare of the Republic of Ireland: Healthcare in the Republic of Ireland
Media of the Republic of Ireland: Media of the Republic of Ireland
Internet in the Republic of Ireland: Internet in the Republic of Ireland
Since the 1930s abuse in the state childcare system: Since the 1930s abuse in the state childcare system in Ireland
Bon Secours Mother and Baby Home contoversies: Bon Secours Mother and Baby Home contoversies
2017 Tuam care home mass grave of babies and children: 3 March 2017: Mass grave of babies and children found at Tuam care home in Ireland
Crime in the Republic of Ireland: Crime in the Republic of Ireland
Corruption in Ireland: Corruption in Ireland
Law and legal history of the Republic of Ireland: Law of the Republic of Ireland - Law and legal history in the Republic of Ireland
Judiciary of the Republic of Ireland: Judiciary of the Republic of Ireland
Law enforcement in the Republic of Ireland: Law enforcement in the Republic of Ireland
Foreign relations of Ireland: Foreign relations of the Republic of Ireland
Treaties of Ireland: Treaties of Ireland
Bilateral relations of the Republic of Ireland: Bilateral relations of the Republic of Ireland
Ireland/Australia relations: Ireland/Australia relations - Irish Australian
List of uprisings by Irish people against English and British claims of sovereignty in Ireland since 1534 (ongoing) - Irish republicanism based on the conviction that all of Ireland should be an independent republic - Irish Rebellion of 1798 against British rule in Ireland lasting from May to September 1798 influenced by the ideas of the American and French revolutions - 1848 Young Irelander Rebellion led by the Young Ireland movement, part of the wider democratic revolutions of 1848 that affected most of Europe - Easter Rising during Easter Week 1916 was mounted by Irish republicans to end British rule in Ireland and establish an independent Irish Republic while the Kingdom was heavily engaged in World War I - Irish War of Independence between the Irish Republican Army and the British Government and its forces 1919-1921 - Anglo-Irish Treaty 1921 - Irish Free State 1922-1937 - Gaelic revival
Ireland/USA relations: Ireland/USA relations - Irish Americans
Natural disasters in Ireland: Natural disasters in Ireland
Weather events in Ireland: Weather events in Ireland


France - Geography of France - Gaul during the Iron Age inhabited by Celtic tribes, encompassing present day France, Luxembourg, Belgium, most of Switzerland, parts of Northern Italy, of the Netherlands and of Germany - Gallic Wars and expansion of the Roman Empire over the whole of Gaul 58–52 BC - Frankish Kingdom 481–843 during Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages - History of France - Early modern France 1453–1789 - French colonial empire 1534-1980 - French Revolution 1789-1799 marking the global decline of absolute monarchies and organized religions and replacing them with democracies and republics, and Napoleon until 1815 - France in the twentieth century, post World War II period 1945-present - Demographics of France
Shipbuilding companies of France: Shipbuilding companies of France
Car manufacturers of France: Car manufacturers of France
Tractor manufacturers of France: Tractor manufacturers of France
Chemical companies of France: Chemical companies of France
Clothing companies of France: Clothing companies of France
French bicycle industry: French bicycle industry
Construction and civil engineering companies of France: Construction and civil engineering companies of France
Housing in France: Logement en France
Energy and energy companies of France: Energy in France - Energy companies of France
Fossil fuels and oil companies of France: Fossil fuels in France - Oil companies of France
November 2011 France needs to upgrade all nuclear reactors: 17 November 2011: France needs to upgrade all nuclear reactors
French wine: French wine
Water pollution in France: Water pollution in France
Transport in France by city: Transport in France by city - Transport in Paris
Foreign trade of France: Foreign trade of France
Banking in France: Banking in France
Since 2010 Bank of France controversy: Since 2010 Bank of France controversy
Since 2010 BNP Paribas controversies: BNP Paribas controversies since 2010
Since 2006 Crédit Agricole controversies: Crédit Agricole controversies since 2006
Since the early 1990s Société Générale controversies: Société Générale controversies since the early 1990s
Since 2010 Groupe BPCE controversy: Groupe BPCE controversy since 2010
Since 2010 Crédit Mutuel controversy: Since 2010 Crédit Mutuel controversy
Late 2000s recession in Europe and France: Late 2000s recession in Europe: France
Chômage en France: Chômage en France
Inégalités de revenu en France: Inégalités de revenu en France
Poverty in France: Poverty in France
French Armed Forces: French Armed Forces
France and weapons of mass destruction: France and weapons of mass destruction
Since 1954 nuclear weapons program of France: Nuclear weapons program of France - List of nuclear weapons tests of France
Barracuda class nuclear attack submarine: Barracuda class, a nuclear attack submarine for the French Navy
Military budget in France: Military budget
Intelligence agencies of France: List of intelligence agencies of France
Taxation and budget in France: Taxation in France - Budget of France
June 1960 amendment concerning French colonies in Africa and French pressure: 4 June 1960 adopted amendment to the constitution concerning the independence of 'African Member States of the French Community' - 1960 independance of 13 African countries from France during the 'Year of Africa', as France exerted pressure to remain within the French sphere of influence, particularly in economic terms, and French companies thus accepted arrangements, because they would remain well-positioned to profit from the newly independent countries - 1960 is referred to as the 'Year of Africa' because of a series of events that took place during the year, mainly the independence of 17 African nations, that highlighted the growing Pan-African sentiments in the continent, a culmination of African independence movements and the subsequent emergence of Africa as a major force in the UN
Political parties and trade unions in France: Political parties of France - Trade unions in France
Parliament of France: French Parliament
Government of France: Government of France
Elections and politics in France: Elections in France
Élections cantonales mars 2011: Élections cantonales mars 2011
January-May 2016: 27 January 2016: French minister Christiane Taubira resigns after fallout over controversial plan to strip people convicted of terrorism of their French citizenship - 1 février 2016: Christiane Taubira n'a pas abandonné le débat sur la déchéance de nationalité pour autant et va publier un livre-réquisitoire - 10 February 2016: French MPs vote in favour of in 2012 elected president Hollande’s heavily contested package of measures to change the French constitution enshrining 'emergency powers' - 10/11 February: French FM Fabius steps down questioning the USA’s commitment to resolving the crisis in Syria, saying its 'ambiguous' policy was contributing to the problem, as Hollande brings Greens and former PM Ayrault to government in cabinet reshuffle - 4 mai 2016: François Hollande à son plus bas niveau historique
June 2017 French legislative election: 11 and 18 June 2017 French legislative election - 12 June 2017: Amid concerns over low turnout of just 48.71%, 'La République En Marche' party and its allies take 32,32% of vote in first round, ahead of 'Les Républicains' and its allies on 21.56%, the anti-EU 'Front National' on 13.20%, followed by 'La France Insoumise' and its allies on 11,02%, the 'Socialist party', that took just 9.51% of the vote with its allies, and 'Europe Écologie Les Verts' on 4.3% - 18/19 June 2017: Tempered by a record low turnout of 42.64% and as abstention particularly high in low-income areas reopens the debate about France’s social divide, the French voting system and legitimacy, Macron’s party and its ally has won a large majority in the French parliament, taking 350 out of 577 seats, handing him a relatively free rein to implement his plans to change French labour law and overhaul unemployment benefits and pensions
September 2017 French Senate election: 24 September 2017 French Senate election
Since 18 July 2018 Benalla-Macron affair: Since 18 July 2018 Benalla affair, a political and judicial case involving Alexandre Benalla, who served as a security officer and deputy chief of staff to Emmanuel Macron - 19 July 2018: France’s public prosecutor has opened a preliminary inquiry after Benalla, one of Emmanuel Macron’s top security officers, was filmed hitting and stamping on a young man at the edge of a Paris demonstration on 1 May while illegally dressed as a police officer, as it emerged that Benalla had continued to take part in other high-profile presidential security operations and MPs suggest there had been a cover up - 20 July 2018: French politicians insisted on a parliament inquiry into how Macron's security officials could have appeared wearing a police armband and visor, committing violence among real police officers without being stopped, as second bodyguard Vincent Crase who worked for Macron also featured wearing a police armband, violently dragging, shaking and raising his hand against young man - 23 July 2018: Macron under pressure to say why aide's brutality went unreported - 25 July 2018: Saying 'Alexandre Benalla has never had the nuclear codes, ... neither has Alexandre Benalla ever been my lover', Emmanuel Macron - after keeping Benalla’s assaults quiet for more than two months - wants to take the blame over Benalla scandal, caused by hate against the national and international labour movement
December 2018: 2 December 2018: French government to hold emergency meeting after central Paris saw its worst unrest in a decade on Saturday afternoon as masked protesters fought running battles with police, set fire to cars, banks and houses and burned makeshift barricades on the edges of demonstrations against rising fuel taxes and living costs, as peaceful protestors complained that the use of teargas had begun very early in the morning, and as Alexandre Benalla's foster-father Macron said he would 'never accept violence' - 4 December 2018: French government reportedly 'to suspend fuel tax increase' following protests - 10 December 2018: In a long-awaited address on television, Macron tried to talk the protesters out of further action, promising a rise in the minimum wage and tax concessions, saying he had heard and understood protesters’ anger and indignation, which he said was 'deep and in many ways legitimate' - 11 December 2018: Macron’s appeal to French from behind gold desk reportedly leaves 'gilets jaunes' protesters unimpressed, as a record 23 million people tuned in - 16 décembre 2018: L'ex-collaborateur déchu de l'Élysée Alexandre Benalla a de nouveau été mis en examen le 29 novembre pour des violences commises en marge du défilé du 1er mai à Paris - 16 décembre 2018: Le premier ministre Philippe a concédé que l'Exécutif n'avait 'pas assez écouté les Français' et 'fait des erreurs' dans la gestion de la gestion de la crise des 'gilets jaunes'
February 2019: 1 février 2019: 'Nous sommes un peuple violent, depuis des siècles et des siècles. La France n'est pas la Suisse', s'exprime Macron dans une 'discussion au coin du feu' - 1 février 2019: Le Conseil d'Etat français est resté sourd aux demandes de la Ligue des droits de l'homme contre les violences policières et l'usage du LBD à l'origine de nombreuses blessures graves, utilisée plus de 9200 fois depuis le début du mouvement de contestation sociale - 10 février 2019: Une enquête judiciaire a été ouverte après qu'un manifestant a eu la main déchiquetée par une grenade samedi à Paris - 20 February 2019: A French senate committee has recommend prosecuting Alexandre Benalla, the former security aide of the French president Macron, for perjury following a seven-month investigation into his violent conduct during a street protest
May 2019 European Parliament election in France: 26 May 2019 European Parliament election in France
August 2019 victims of 1982 anti-Semitic attack demand parliamentary inquiry: 9 August 2019: Families of the victims of the 1982 terrorist attack on Paris’ Jewish quarter and Jo Goldenberg’s restaurant are demanding a parliamentary inquiry into an alleged secret pact of French intelligence with the perpetrators, after ex-French spy chief Yves Bonnet now, in 2019, admitted the 1980s pact with Fatah terrorists, following the August 1982 bombing and shooting attack by the Abu Nidal Organization - Since 28 August 1982 'Irish of Vincennes' political scandal following the 9 August 1982 terrorist attack in Paris, when a secret police anti-terrorist cell established by president François Mitterrand arrested three Irish nationals in Vincennes, proudly proclaiming a victory against 'international terrorism', until in 1983 the case fell apart and the suspects were exonerated when it was revealed that weapons and other evidence used against the three had been planted by the arresting officers, who then lied to the courts with the support of the executive - 17 June 2015: Suspects, including the mastermind al-Abassi of the 1982 bomb attack on a Jewish restaurant in Paris, were identified 32 years later thanks to statements from Abu Nidal group members to whom French judges guaranteed anonymity
2 September 2019 France canvasses Iranian regime: 2 September 2019: Once again France hosts Iranian regime officials, presenting offers including a $15 billion credit line for oil 'pre-purchases' to threatening Iranian regime, also praising terror group Hezbollah's Sunday missile attack on IDF targets, as regime's diplomats travel to France and Russia to reinforce regime's Friday deadline for Europe to offer it a way to sell its crude oil on the global market, and as Yad Vashem marks 80th anniversary of start of World War II with online exhibit, describing the progression of the war and exploring the lives of Europe’s Jewish communities with many unable to comprehend the impending horror the war would bring, following European and American retreat in the face of getting stronger nazism and fascism
November 2019 France pledges millions to stop deadly domestic violence: 25 November 2019: France pledges millions to stop deadly domestic violence
8 December 2019 pensions overhaul to go ahead despite huge protests: 8 December 2019: France pensions overhaul to go ahead despite huge protests
Social movements and protests in France: Protests in France - Political movements in France
2013: 5 janvier 2013: Lors d'une rencontre avec une délégation des salariés de Petroplus à Val-de-Reuil (Eure), Hollande a exclu une reprise du site par les pouvoirs publics - 25 March 2013: Paris police used tear gas and batons to fight hundreds of thousands of people protesting against a draft law allowing same-sex couples to marry and adopt children - 5 mai 2013: Grande manifestation anti-austérité du Parti de Gauche à Paris - 6 June: Protests held in France after left-wing student Clement Meric beaten to death by a group of far-right militants - 10 septembre: Entre 155 000 et 360 000 personnes ont participé aux quelque 180 rassemblements organisés en France pour protester contre la première réforme des retraites - 17 October: Paris students protest against the deportation of foreign pupils following the high-profile eviction of a 15-year-old Roma girl - 1 décembre 2013: Face aux récentes attaques contre la ministre Christiane Taubira, plusieurs milliers de personnes se sont rassemblées à Paris pour dire non à toutes formes de discrimination - 3 décembre: Soirée contre la haine au Théâtre du Rond-Point à Paris
2015: 9 January 2015: Thousands of people took to the streets in France and other countries again Thursday to condemn the killing of 12 people by terrorists at Paris-based satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo - 11 January: As police hunt suspected accomplice more than 700,000 people took to the streets of France in solidarity with terror victims ahead of Paris march - 11 January: An estimated 3.7 million people across France march in solidarity with terror victims, all ages, nations and religions showing their support for the Republic's 'liberté, égalité, fraternité' - 2 March: As Russians march in mourning for murdered opposition leader Nemtsov in Moscow, in Paris about 100 people gathered to remember Nemtsov, asking for an international investigation to be opened and carrying posters reading 'I am Boris' - 24 May 2015: About 3,000 protesters gathered in Paris to protest against the USA biotechnology giant Monsanto and its genetically modified crops and pesticides - 5 septembre: Plus de 10000 personnes se sont rassemblées samedi dans toute la France, et notamment à Paris, pour l’accueil des réfugiés - 22 novembre 2015: Plus de 10.000 manifestants 'contre la barbarie' à Toulouse, une semaine après les attentats de Paris - 2 December 2015: A court in Paris fines a woman €1,000 for refusing to have her fingerprints taken at a rally where clashes erupted between protesters and security forces ahead of 2015 UN climate summit
2016: 26 January 2016: Day of protest as taxi drivers, teachers, farmers and air traffic controllers among employees taking industrial action across France - 27 February: Angry French farmers heckle Hollande at agricultural fair amid rising tensions in agricultural sphere over competition from big industry and neighbouring countries in Europe's single market - 9 March 2016: French students take to the streets to protest far-reaching labour-law reforms as labour unions pledge to hold about 150 marches and protests nationwide - 24 mars 2016: Les manifestations contre le projet de loi travail, présenté en Conseil des ministres, ont rassemblé jeudi plusieurs milliers de jeunes et salariés à Paris, Lyon, Bordeaux, Toulouse, Grenoble ou encore Besançon, à l'appel de sept syndicats et organisations de jeunes, une vidéo montrant un policier frappant un jeune fait le buzz - 31 March 2016: Hundreds of thousands of workers and high-school students joined protest marches across France to challenge plans to loosen the country's protective labour laws that unions say favour businesses
January/February 2017: 21 January 2017 Women's March in cities around the world, including Bordeaux, Marseille, Paris and Toulouse, to promote women's rights and to address racial inequities, workers' issues, and environmental issues - 18 février 2017: 4000 à 5000 personnes selon les organisateurs, se sont réunies samedi à Paris à l'appel notamment d'associations antiracistes et de syndicats, pour protester contre les violences policières après le viol à la matraque présumé d'un jeune noir, Théo, au cours d'une interpellation - 19 février 2017: Des manifestations contre la 'corruption' en politique se sont déroulées dimanche à Paris et ailleurs en France, une première depuis les accusations d'emplois fictifs visant le candidat de droite à la présidentielle François Fillon et la candidate d'extrême droite Marine Le Pen
December 2018: 3 décembre 2018: Une vieille dame, qui a été atteinte par une grenade lacrymogène tirée lors des manifestations des 'gilets jaunes' à Marseille, est morte à l'hôpital - 7 December 2018: French high school students in Paris made to kneel with hands on heads by police, as protests at nearly 300 schools against stricter university entrance requirements have added to recent unrest - 8 December 2018: Over 350 detained and police accused to use teargas against protesters, as Paris braces for ‘yellow vest’ protest violence, and tens of thousands of police took position around France, fearing worsening violence in a new round of anti-government protests - 9 December 2018: 'Protesters' faced off with French riot police in Paris, hurling projectiles, torching cars, vandalising shops, restaurants and newsstands, also damaging a social movement which stands up for an increase to the minimum wage, lower taxes, higher salaries, cheaper energy, better retirement benefits and help for hard-pressed households, certainly without ability to replace torched cars - 9 December 2018: Uniting green and yellow vest protesters, people took to the streets in Paris on Saturday to demand that global leaders take action on climate change
January 2019: 5 janvier 2019: Les 'gilets jaunes' continuent la mobilisation dans plusieurs villes de France, pour défier le gouvernement - 6 janvier 2019: Lors des rassemblements des 'gilets jaunes' à Toulon, un officier de police a été filmé en train de frapper plusieurs personnes, pour le procureur de la République c'était un acte 'proportionnel' - 6 janvier 2019: Des centaines de femmes 'gilets jaunes' se sont rassemblées dimanche dans plusieurs villes, souhaitant donner une image pacifique du mouvement au lendemain d'une mobilisation nationale aussi marquée à la fin par de nouvelles violences - 8 January 2019: Former French boxing champion who was filmed punching police officers during a gilets jaunes protest and who handed himself in to police, has said in a video that he had 'boiled over' after being teargassed alongside his wife on his eighth Saturday protest, also saying 'I reacted badly', adding that he had seen the 'repression' of the police towards protesters - 11 janvier 2019: Manifestation des 'gilets jaunes' interdite à Bourges - 12 janvier 2019: Des dizaines de milliers de 'gilets jaunes' sont de nouveau attendus samedi partout en France contre la politique sociale et fiscale du gouvernement - 12 January 2019: Police use water cannon and teargas on Paris protesters, as at least 84,000 demonstrators turned out across France, according to officials, and as in Bourges, a town of 66,000 people (chosen because of its central location) about 6,700 gilets jaunes gathered despite a ban on protests in its historical centre
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in France: French society
1802-1804 resistance to slavery, repression and French atrocities in Haiti: In 1802, when it became apparent that the French under Napoleonic rule intended to re-establish slavery in Haiti black cultivators revolted in the summer of 1802, Leclerc's successor Vicomte de Rochambeau fought an even more brutal campaign, waged a near-genocidal campaign against the Haitians, killing everyone who was black, importing about 15,000 attack dogs from Jamaica, who had been trained to savage blacks and mulattoes, also drowning blacks - In 2005 French historian Claude Ribbe accused Napoleon of having used sulphur dioxide gas for the mass execution of more than 100,000 rebellious black slaves when trying to put down slave rebellions in Saint-Domingue (now Haiti) and Guadeloupe, saying Napoleon was racist, instituted slavery, and was the first man in history that 'asked himself rationally the question how to eliminate, in as short a time as possible, and with a minimum of cost and personnel, a maximum of people described as scientifically inferior'
Since 1945 French Indochina War and since 1930/1931 use of torture in Vietnam: French Army practiced torture in Vietnam since 1930 and during its Indochina War since 1945
Timeline of Paris: Timeline of Paris
March 2018 protest against the stabbing of Holocaust survivor Mireille Knoll: 27 March 2018: Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo, actitivsts and politicians call for all the city's residents to march Wednesday in memory of Holocaust survivor Mireille Knoll, who was stabbed to death in an apparent anti-Semitic attack, as politicians across the political spectrum pledge to attend - 28 March 2018: Several thousand people took part in a silent march in Paris on Wednesday and in other large French cities including Lyon, Marseille and Strasbourg in memory of Mireille Knoll who survived the Holocaust but was stabbed to death last week, in what is being investigated as an antisemitic attack, raising questions about France’s failure to tackle resurgent antisemitism after in 2017 Orthodox Jewish Sarah Halimi was beaten and thrown out of the window of her home in Paris
11 November 2019 mothers call on Macron to use gangland profits to revive communities: 11 November 2019: Marseille's mothers call on Macron to use gangland profits to revive communities
Since 2015 Lyon Metropolis: Since 2015 Lyon Metropolis
Timeline of Grenoble: Timeline of Grenoble since 43 BCE
Demographics of France: Demographics of France
Ethnic groups in France: Ethnic groups in France
French people by ethnic or national origin: French people - French people by ethnic or national origin
Jews and Judaism in France and history: Jews and Judaism in France - History of the Jews in France
Since 1007 persecutions of Jews in the Kingdom of France: Since 1007 widespread persecutions of Jews in France instigated by the King of France
Since 1799/1804 Napoleon Bonaparte's 'First French Empire' and the Jews in France: Since 1799/1804 Napoleon Bonaparte's 'First French Empire' and the Jews in France
African immigration to France: African immigration to France
2013-2015: 15 October: Roma in France get access to more jobs (increased from 150 to 291) - 29 January 2013: A group of Roma children near Lyon have been forced to attend classes at a police station after local schools refused to take them in - 3 avril: Expulsés d'un terrain près de Lyon, une cinquantaine de Roms attaquent la préfecture du Rhône en justice pour la contraindre à leur trouver un hébergement d'urgence - 13 mai: Deux femmes et un enfant ont péri dans la nuit dans l'incendie d'une usine désaffectée de Lyon dans lequel vivaient environ 200 Roms - 23 July 2013: French MP Bourdouleix faces legal action after he allegedly said 'Hitler didn't kill enough of' the Roma people - 17 octobre: L'expulsion du pays de Leonarda, une collégienne rom kosovare, a mis de nouveau au jour les dissensions au sein de la majorité, y compris dans le gouvernement - 14 novembre: Jean-Marie Le Pen condamné pour ses propos selon lesquels 'comme les oiseaux', les Roms voleraient 'naturellement' - 4 January 2015: Outrage as Leclerc, mayor of Paris suburb Champlan, refuses burial of Roma baby
2016: 5 February 2016: Tens of thousands Syrians flee joint Russian-Iranian-Assad offensive on Aleppo as regime forces fully encircle countryside north of major city and Russian airstrikes mount to 250 a day - 13 février 2016: Le Premier ministre français Valls ne veut pas aller plus loin que le quota de 30'000 réfugiés en France et a d'ailleurs rencontré CSU Horst Seehofer, l'une de ces voix critiques parmi les alliés de la chancelière allemande - 13 February 2016: French PM Valls rejects permanent quota system for refugees, saying 'We won't take any more' - 28 February 2016: The first purpose-built camp in France to provide proper, humanitarian-standard shelter to refugees who are currently sleeping rough is to open near the port of Dunkirk next month, after the local Green mayor Damien Carême approached Médecins sans Frontières and asked the organisation to construct temporary shelters, saying he was exasperated by what he deemed to be the inaction of the French Socialist government
2018: 8 janvier 2018: La France a enregistré un niveau 'historique' de demandes d'asile en 2017, alors que le gouvernement prépare une loi sur l'immigration déjà à l'origine de débats animés - 11 January 2018: Anger grows at French president over migration law plans, sharing close views with Austria's Kurz on European issues including migration - 17 January 2018: NGOs accuse Macron, who campaigned for president last year as a champion of open borders, of betraying France’s long tradition of offering sanctuary, also accusing the police in Calais of trying to drive out migrants by 'exhaustion' - 24 mars 2018: Une migrante nigériane, qui a souhaité finir sa grossesse auprès de sa soeur en France mais était bloqué par les gendarmes français qui l'ont juste déposée en pleine nuit devant la gare de Bardonnecchia, est morte la semaine dernière dans un hôpital de Turin, son bébé Israel est né par césarienne juste avant
Statistics of the nine most prominent mother tongues in France: Statistics of the nine most prominent mother tongues in France
Language policy in France: Language policy in France
Architecture and arts in France: Architecture in France - Arts in France - French literature
Music of France: Music of France
Music history of France: French music history
Women and women's rights in France: Women in France - Women's rights in France
1791 Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen: Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen 1791
Islamic dress controversy in France: Islamic dress controversy in France
Violence against women in France: Violence against women in France
Protection de l'enfance en France: Protection de l'enfance en France
Colleges and universities in France: Universities and colleges in France
Health in France: Health in France
Health care and hospitals in France: Health care in France - Hospitals in France - Hospitals in France by region
Athletics, swimming, water sports, skiing and gymnastics in France: Athletics in France - Swimming in France - Water sports in France - Sailing in France - Skiing in France - Gymnastics in France
Handball, basketball, ice hockey and tennis in France: Handball in France - Basketball in France - Volleyball in France - Ice hockey in France - Tennis in France
2016: 9-11 June 2016 Marseille riots before and after UEFA Euro 2016 football match between England and Russia - 11/12 June 2016: Reports from Marseille suggest an England supporter is fighting for his life after an attack from Russian fans ahead of their Euro 2016 match on Saturday evening - 12 June 2016: Violence in Nice as Northern Ireland and Poland fans attacked by local hooligans - 12 June 2016: Russian hooligans reportedly approached the violence, which occurred before and after England’s opening Euro 2016 game in Marseille, with 'military organisation', well equipped and disguised, as Uefa opens disciplinary proceedings against Russia’s football union - 13 June 2016: German hooligans attack Ukraine fans in Lille also showing fascist symbolism at UEFA Euro 2016 - 13 June 2016: Notorious far-right activist Alexander Shprygin who has been photographed giving a Nazi salute is travelling with the official Russian FA delegation at Euro 2016 and was in Marseille at the weekend as clashes erupted between Russian and English fans - 14 June: Russia handed suspended '2016 UEFA European Football Championship' disqualification, confirmed by UEFA - 16 June: Dozens arrested in Lille after England and Russia foot supporters clash and more people are hospitalised - 18 June: Senior UK government officials fear the violence unleashed by Russian hooligans at Euro 2016 was sanctioned by Vladimir Putin’s regime and are investigating links with his regime as a significant number of those involved in savage and highly coordinated attacks on England fans and others in Marseille and Lille have been identified as being in the 'uniformed services' in Russia
Cycling and cycle racing in France: Cycling in France - Cycle racing in France
Hate speech laws in France: Hate speech laws in France
History of French journalism: History of French journalism
Since 1789 newspapers of the French Revolution: List of journals appearing under the French Revolution
Newspapers in France: Newspapers in France
Internet in France: Internet in France
Internet censorship in France: Internet censorship in France
2013 censorship of Wikipedia in France: 2013 censorship of Wikipedia in France
Telecommunications in France: Telecommunications in France
Crime in France: Crime in France
French war crimes: French war crimes
Since 1799 Napoleonic wars, casualties and war crimes: 1803–1815 Napoleonic Wars, total war, millions of Napoleonic wars casualties, leading to an ongoing period of restoration, reaction, nationalism and chauvinism worldwide - In 2005 French historian Claude Ribbe accused Napoleon of having used sulphur dioxide gas for the mass execution of more than 100,000 rebellious black slaves when trying to put down slave rebellions in Saint-Domingue (now Haiti) and Guadeloupe, saying Napoleon was racist, instituted slavery, and was the first man in history that 'asked himself rationally the question how to eliminate, in as short a time as possible, and with a minimum of cost and personnel, a maximum of people described as scientifically inferior' - 25. Januar 2006: Daß Napoleon Bonaparte ein überzeugter Rassist war, der schwarze Franzosen vergasen ließ, rüttelt an den Grundfesten der 'Grande Nation' der französischen Kolonialherren
Since 1930/1931 and since 1945 French use of torture in Vietnam: French Army practiced torture during its Indochina War in Vietnam since 1945
Antisemitism in France: Antisemitism in France
1940-1944 Vichy France, French Nazi collaborators and history of Jews in Vichy France: Vichy France 1940-1944 - French Nazi collaborators - Histoire des Juifs sous le régime de Vichy
Timeline of deportations of French Jews to death camps: Timeline of deportations of French Jews to death camps
2014 French payment of $60 million for Holocaust victims deported by state rail company: 5 December 2014: France to pay $60 million for Holocaust victims deported by state rail company to Nazi death camps
2017 Céline praised by Emmanuel Macron: 31. Dezember 2017: Von Louis-Ferdinand Céline, so Emmanuel Macron im Interview mit Michel Houellebecq im Mai 2017, könne man lernen, die Sorgen des 'Mannes auf der Straße' ernstzunehmen, Macron erwähnt allerdings nicht, daß Céline in seinen Schriften 'dem Mann auf der Straße' den Nationalsozialismus empfiehlt und z.B. Ernst Jünger auffordert mit seiner Kompanie die Juden abzuschlachten 'und keinen übrig zu lassen' - In his 1937 antisemitic pamphlet 'Bagatelles pour un massacre' Céline campaigned for an alliance between France and Nazi Germany, writing 'Who is the true friend of the people? Fascism is. Who has done the most for the working man? The USSR or Hitler? Hitler has. Who has done the most for the small businessman? Not Thorez but Hitler
Holocaust denial in France: Holocaust denial in France
France's 'National Front': France's 'National Front'
Racism and Antisemitism in 21st-century France: Antisemitism in 21st-century France
2015: 7 January 2015: Unidentified individuals started a fire inside a synagogue in Garges near Paris and drew a swastika on its wall - January 2015 Hypercacher terrorist attack in Paris - 3 February 2015: Anti-terror patrol soldiers stabbed outside Jewish cultural center in Nice - 15 February 2015: Several hundred tombs desecrated with Nazi swastikas and anti-Semitic slogans at the Jewish cemetery of Sarre-Union near the German border a day after a deadly shooting at Copenhagen synagogue - 19 February 2015: The French are becoming more racist and intolerant towards ethnic and religious minorities including both Muslims and Jews, according to a Council of Europe report this week - 28 February 2015: Paris killer asked victims if they were Jewish before firing, transcript shows - 10 April: After defending Petain's cooperation with Nazi Germany and his past comment that Nazi gas chambers were a 'detail of history', France's National Front founder Le Pen rebuffs daughter's call to quit - 27 April 2015: Front National founder Jean-Marie Le Pen allegedly kept €2.2m in hidden Swiss bank account - 2 May 2015: Two Jewish residents of Paris were assaulted on the street Friday by a gang of about 40 people - 25 November 2015: A Belgian court finds French Dieudonne guilty of hate speech, incitement to hatred and Holocaust denial
March 2018 murder of Mireille Knoll: 23 March 2018 murder of Mireille Knoll, officially described as a hate crime - 25 March 2018: Holocaust survivor Mireille Knoll’s body found burnt, stabbed in Paris apartment, who had previously reported that a neighbor threatened to burn her, according to BNVCA and French media - 26 mars 2018: Deux hommes ont été placés en garde à vue et le parquet de Paris a retenu le caractère antisémite dans l’enquête sur le meurtre de Mireille Knoll, qui avait rescapée de la rafle des Juifs du Vel d’Hiv’ de juillet 1942 en s’enfuyant de Paris avec sa mère - 27 March 2018: Family members of Mireille Knoll, who was stabbed to death and set on fire in her Paris apartment, told Israeli media she had known one of her assailants, a Muslim neighbor, since he was seven years old, as police admits that Mireille Knoll had previously called police and complained that the neighbor had threatened to kill her
Toulouse and Montauban shootings March 2012: March 2012 Toulouse and Montauban shootings - 20 March 2012: Police say same gun and scooter used in attack on Jewish school in Toulouse that left four dead and soldier shootings - 20. März 2012: Tausende an Schweigemarsch in Paris nach den tödlichen Schüssen in einer jüdischen Schule in Toulouse - 21 mars: Opération en cours contre le suspect de la tuerie de Toulouse - 22 March: Siege of alleged gunman in Toulouse enters second day - 22 March: French gunman who shot dead 3 Jewish children killed in siege in Toulouse - 25 March 2012: Several thousand people have marched silently through Paris urging unity and tolerance of all religions and cultures after deadly shootings of Jewish schoolchildren - 28 March: Vigilance call after French Jews hit by new attacks
Clément Méric assassiné le 5 juin 2013: Clément Méric, membre de l’Action antifasciste, assassiné à Paris, le 5 juin 2013 - 6 juin 2013: Agressé par un groupe de plusieurs militants d'extrême droite JNR, le militant du Parti de Gauche Clément Méric en état de mort cérébrale - 6 juin 2013: Clément Méric, le militant antifasciste agressé par des skinheads, est mort - 8 June: Five skinheads to face court after assassination of Clement Meric - 14 September 2018: Two skinheads convicted over 2013 death of anti-fascist activist Clement Méric, as Méric’s mother Agnes says 'what is needed is to continue to fight against the breeding grounds of the extreme right', and several hundred anti-fascists gathered in Paris for the verdict, chanting 'Clement! Clement! We do not forget, we do not forgive'
January 2015 Charlie Hebdo terrorist attacks in Paris: January 2015 Charlie Hebdo terrorist attack in Paris - January 2015 Île-de-France attacks - January 2015 killing of police officer Clarissa Jean-Philippe in Paris - January 2015 Hypercacher terrorist attack in Paris - Worldwide protests against the terror attacks in Paris, 'Je suis Charlie' solidarity movement with the victims and reactions of governments to the terror attacks - 7 January: Worldwide vigils as French authorities seek terrorists who stormed the Paris office of satirical newspaper Charlie Hebdo, killing 12 people - 8 January: Arrests made as police hunt for suspects of Charlie Hebdo shooting - 9 January: France to host international 'anti-terrorism' meeting in the wake of the Charlie Hebdo massacre in Paris - 9 January: Search for terrorists continues as Charlie Hebdo announces to print 1 million copies next week - 10 January: Two hostage standoffs end with four hostages killed in Paris kosher grocery, three terrorists dead and four more hostages badly hurt - 12 February 2015: 'Islamic State' terror group confirms widow of Paris kosher grocery shooter in Syria - 9 March: Four people including a policewoman arrested over suspected links to Paris kosher market terrorist
13/14 November 2015 Paris attacks: 13/14 November 2015 Paris attacks, a series of shootings and explosions in and around Paris - 14 Novemer 2015: Gunmen kill at least 120 people in terror attacks in Paris, injuring some 200 people - 15 November: French national suicide bomber Ismael Omar Mostefai in Paris attacks identified, who had been flagged as a possible security threat in 2010, as investigation spreads across Europe - 16 November: French police carry out raids as investigations across borders continue - 17 November: France calls for EU help following Paris attacks - 18 November: Police in St-Denis arresting suspects, two suspects dead in ongoing raid, including a woman who detonated an explosive device - 19 November: Raids in Brussels linked to Stade de France suicide bomber as latest evidence points to wider conspiracy of primarily young Europeans - 20 November: Three people died during the Wednesday night raid in St-Denis, where the alleged ringleader of the Paris attacks Abaaoud was killed, prosecutor says - 21 November: Raids and Paris attacks investigations across borders continue as three suspects arrested in Turkey - 23 November: UK's Cameron visits Paris offering support, also offering French use of RAF Cyprus base for attacks against IS terrorists - 24 November: 'Belt of explosives' found south of Paris in town of Montrouge
July 2016: 14 July 2016 terrorist attack in Nice - 15 July 2016: 84 people were killed and about 100 more injured when a suspected armed French-Tunisian man drove a truck at full speed into a crowd who had gathered to watch the Bastille Day fireworks in Nice - 15 July 2016: After attack in Nice France mourns and investigates again - International reactions to the 14 July 2016 terrorist attack in Nice - 17 juillet: Un feu d'artifice tiré dans la nuit depuis le Grand hôtel de Saint-Jean-Cap-Ferrat 48 heures après l'attentat commis sur la Promenade des Anglais, a suscité une vague d'indignation sur Twitter - 21 juillet 2016: L'enquête sur la tuerie du 14-juillet à Nice révèle une préparation ancienne et des complicités multiples - 22 July 2016: Five suspects formally charged over Bastille day's truck attack in Nice that killed 84 people - 22 July: Authorities in Nice refuse a request from French anti-terror police to delete surveillance camera images of Bastille day's deadly truck attack, amid growing questions over the scale of the police presence at the time and after interior minister Cazeneuve acknowledged that only lightly armed local police were guarding the entrance to the pedestrian zone on the Nice beachfront
Police violence and abuses in France: Police abuses in France
1961 Paris massacre: Paris massacre of 1961
Riots in France: Riots in France
June 2016 UEFA Euro riots in France: UEFA Euro 2016 riots in France
Since August 1982 'Irish of Vincennes' political scandal following anti-Semitic attack: Since 28 August 1982 'Irish of Vincennes' political scandal following the 9 August 1982 terrorist attack in Paris, when a secret police anti-terrorist cell established by president François Mitterrand arrested three Irish nationals in Vincennes, proudly proclaiming a victory against 'international terrorism', until in 1983 the case fell apart and the suspects were exonerated when it was revealed that weapons and other evidence used against the three had been planted by the arresting officers, who then lied to the courts with the support of the executive - 9 August 1982 Goldenberg restaurant attack, a bombing and shooting attack on a Jewish restaurant in Paris's Marais district carried out by the Abu Nidal Organization - 17 June 2015: Suspects, including the mastermind al-Abassi of the 1982 bomb attack on a Jewish restaurant in Paris, were identified 32 years later thanks to statements from Abu Nidal group members to whom French judges guaranteed anonymity - 9 August 2019: Families of the victims of the 1982 terrorist attack on Paris’ Jewish quarter and Jo Goldenberg’s restaurant are demanding a parliamentary inquiry into an alleged secret pact of French intelligence with the perpetrators, after ex-French spy chief Yves Bonnet now, in 2019, admitted the 1980s pact with Fatah terrorists
Accusation d’emplois fictifs au MoDem, le Mouvement démocrate de François Bayrou - 8 juin 2017: L'affaire des collaborateurs de députés du Parlement européen contamine de plus en plus les alliés centristes de l'entourage de Macron - 9 juin 2017: Une dizaine de salariés du MoDem ont également été employés par des eurodéputés MoDem et rémunérés comme assistants parlementaires, dont deux ministres en exercice, selon Franceinfo - 20 June 2017: French defence minister Sylvie Goulard, who is second minister to go in 24 hours, steps down over allegations her MoDem party misused European funds - 21 June 2017: Two more ministers quit Macron administration amid funding inquiry, bringing the number of ministers to leave to four - François Bayrou, Marielle de Sarnez, Richard Ferrand and Sylvie Goulard - in just 48 hours
Violence against women and rape in France: Violence against women in France - Viol en France
Child abuse and sexual abuse in France: Child abuse in France - Child sexual abuse in France
Judiciary of France: Judiciary of France
Wars involving France: Wars involving France
Resistance to the French colonial empire: Resistance to the French colonial empire
1793 slave rebellion in Guadeloupe: 1793 slave rebellion in Guadeloupe
French Polynesia: French Polynesia
Réunion: Réunion
Treaties of France: Treaties of France
French membership in international organisations: French membership in international organisations
Since 1945 France and the United Nations: France and the United Nations
France and NATO: France and NATO
1966-2009 French withdrawal from NATO: 1966-2009 French withdrawal from NATO
November 2019 Macron criticised over Nato 'brain death' claims: 7 November 2019: France's Macron criticised by USA and Germany over Nato 'brain death' claims
August 2019 G7 summit in Biarritz: 24-26 August 2019 G7 summit in Biarritz
24 August 2019 G7 emergency talks over Amazon wildfires crisis: 24 August 2019: G7 leaders to hold emergency talks over Amazon wildfires crisis
Foreign relations of France by continent and country: Foreign relations of France by continent - Bilateral relations of France
France/Africa relations: France/Africa relations
France/Algeria relations: France/Algeria relations
1830-1962 rule in Algeria: 1830-1962 French rule in Algeria
Since 1960 French nuclear test site Reggane: France and weapons of mass destruction - France and nuclear weapons
France/Americas relations: France/Americas relations
From the 16th through to the 19th centuries French, British, Dutch, Portuguese and Spanish Atlantic slave trade: From the 16th through to the 19th centuries French, British, Dutch, Portuguese and Spanish Atlantic slave trade across the Atlantic Ocean bringing millions of enslaved Africans from the central and western parts of Africa to the Americas to be sold at markets
Since 1799 France's Napoleon restored slavery: Since 1799 France's Napoleon restored slavery
France/Angola relations: France/Angola relations
Since 1975 French support of Unita in the Angolan Civil War 1975-2002: Since 1975 USA's agency CIA activities in Angola, participating in the Angolan Civil War 1975-2002, hiring and training USA, British, French and Portuguese private military contractors, and training rebels to fight against the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola - Unita received support from several states including France, Morocco, North Korea, Saudi Arabia, and the USA, as USA governments 'explicitly encouraged' other governments to aid Unita, in 1983 the USA and South African apartheid regime agreed to ship weapons from the Honduras, Belgium and Switzerland to South Africa and then to Unita in Angola, the USA also traded weapons with South Africa for intelligence on the civil war - 1975–1976 'Operation Savannah' was the South African apartheid regime's military covert intervention in the Angolan War of Independence, and the subsequent Angolan Civil War
France/Argentina relations: France/Argentina relations
France/Asia relations: France/Asia relations
1887-1954 'French Indochina': 1887-1954 'French Indochina'
France/Belgium relations: France/Belgium relations
France/Benin relations: France/Benin relations
Ajashe/Hogbonu in the 16th century renamed to 'Porto Novo' for Portuguese and European slave trade: Ajashe/Hogbonu in the 16th century renamed to Porto Novo by the Portuguese, meaning 'New Port', and originally developed as a port for the slave trade
February-October 1890 First Franco-Dahomean War: February-October 1890 First Franco-Dahomean War
1892-1894 Second Franco-Dahomean War: 1892-1894 Second Franco-Dahomean War
August 1960 Dahomey's independence from France: On 1 August 1960 Dahomey declared independence from France
France/Brazil relations: France/Brazil relations
France-Brazil economic relations: France-Brazil economic relations
France/Burkina Faso relations: France/Burkina Faso relations
France/Cameroon relations: France/Cameroon relations
Since 1947 Union of the Peoples of Cameroon: Since 1947 Union of the Peoples of Cameroon
France/Chad relations: France/Chad relations
France-Chad trade relations: France-Chad trade relations
France/Republic of the Congo relations: France/Republic of the Congo relations
France/Comoros relations: France/Comoros relations
1841-1975 French colonial rule of the Comoros: 1841-1975 French colonial rule of the Comoros
May 1977 Afars and Issas independence referendum: May 1977 Afars and Issas independence referendum
France/Egypt relations: France/Egypt relations
France/Equatorial Guinea relations: France/Equatorial Guinea relations
2014-2018: First World War centenary 2014-2018 - World War I memorials - 12 octobre 2013: Les commémorations du centenaire de la Première Guerre mondiale, qui devraient se prolonger sur cinq ans, ont été partiellement dévoilées à Blois - 11 November 2013: France remembers the Armistice that marked the end of World War I in 1918 after four years of bloody conflict that cost millions of lives - 29 mai 2016: Bayeux a commémoré le centenaire de la bataille de Verdun, conçue par le commandant en chef de l'Armée allemande général Erich von Falkenhayn comme une bataille d'attrition pour 'saigner à blanc l'Armée française' sous un déluge d'obus - 8 November 2018: 'The only thing we will remember from Petain is that he was, in the name of the French people, struck with national indignity during his trial in July 45', CRIF's Francis Kalifat says, after Macron praised WWI general Petain who later collaborated with Nazis
France/Greece relations: France/Greece relations
France/Haiti relations: France/Haiti relations
1625-1809 Colony of France Saint-Domingue: Colony of France Saint-Domingue 1625-1809
Since 1804 external debt of Haiti: External debt of Haiti, one of the main factors that has caused the country's persistent poverty, after the slaves declared themselves free and the country independent in 1804 and France, with the complicity of its allies, demanded that the newly formed country pay the French government and French slaveholders the modern equivalent of US $21 billion dollars for the 'theft' of the slaves' own lives and the land that they had turned into profitable sugar and coffee-producing plantations, this independence debt was financed by French banks and the American Citibank, and finally paid off 143 years later, in 1947 - The Haiti indemnity controversy culminated in an agreement by Haiti to a 1825 gold demand by France for a FRF 150 million indemnity to be paid by the Republic of Haiti in claims over property lost through the Haitian Revolution, delivered to the country by 12 French warships armed with 528 cannons, in return for diplomatic recognition
France/India relations: France/India relations
France/Iran relations: France/Iran relations
2012/2013: 19 février 2012: Téhéran stoppe ses ventes de pétrole à la France et au Royaume-Uni - 8 novembre 2012: La France demande des explications à Téhéran sur la mort d'un blogueur emprisonné - 14 novembre 2012: La justice iranienne a annoncé l'arrestation de 'plusieurs personnes' à la suite de la mort en détention du blogueur Sattar Beheshti - 15 June 2013: As jubilant supporters took to the streets of Teheran to celebrate a victory of the Iranian people and the dawning of a new era, France and Britain acknowledged Hassan Rohani’s election as Iran’s next president, looking ahead to establishing a relationship with him - 15 octobre 2013: La France doute des bonnes intentions à l’égard des négociations sur le nucléaire iranien - 9 November 2013: France’s FM Fabius accused by Iranian regime of defending Israel after he said that Israel’s 'concerns' needed to be taken into consideration in nuclear talks
France/Iraq relations: France/Iraq relations
France/Israel relations: France/Israel relations
France/Italy relations: France/Italy relations
France/Ivory Coast relations: France/Ivory Coast relations
France/Japan relations: France/Japan relations
France/Jordan relations: France/Jordan relations
France/Korea relations: France/Korea relations
France/North Korea relations: France/North Korea relations
France/South Korea relations: France/South Korea relations
France/Laos relations: France/Laos relations
1893–1945, 1946–1953 French 'Protectorate' of Laos: French Protectorate of Laos 1893–1945, 1946–1953
France/Lebanon relations: France/Lebanon relations
France/Libya relations: France/Libya relations
Since 1989 UTA Flight 772 bombing, trial and Libyan compensation: 19 September 1989 UTA Flight 772 bombing, investigation, trial and Libyan compensation
Since 2007 alleged Libyan influence in the French elections: Alleged Libyan influence in the 2007 French elections
April 2019 France’s double game in Libya: 17 April 2019: France’s double game in Libya
13-20 April 2019 Libyan protests against Haftar's offensive and backers: 13 April 2019: Thousands of Libyans came out to demonstrate in Tripoli and Misrata against the war on Tripoli waged by Khalifa Haftar, calling for a civilian state and objecting to possible military rule with placards not only denouncing Haftar but also his French, UAE and Saudi backers - 15 April 2019: Some foreign states unified by aim of Libyan instability, Libyan government spokesperson says - 15-20 April 2019: Civilian casualties and displacement expected to increase in Libya due to continued use of air strikes and heavy artillery, UN report says - 20 April 2019: Libyans accuse France of backing Tripoli assault, as protesters demonstrated in the Libyan capital Tripoli against the offensive by military strongman Haftar
21 September 2019 Haftar's airstrikes on Murzuq: 21 September 2019: Haftar's forces conduct 4 airstrikes on Murzuq
France/Mali relations: France/Mali relations
France/Middle East relations: France/Middle East relations
France/Monaco relations: France/Monaco relations
France/Morocco relations: France/Morocco relations
1912-1956 French 'protectorate' of Morocco: French 'protectorate' of Morocco 1912-1956
France/Norway relations: France/Norway relations
France/Pakistan relations: France/Pakistan relations - Pakistanis in France
France/Russia relations: France/Russia relations
1812 French invasion of Russia: French invasion of Russia 1812
Russian 'Fancy Bear' and French elections 2016–2017: Russian 'Fancy Bear' and French elections 2016–2017
France/Rwanda relations: France/Rwanda relations
1994 Role of France in the Rwandan Genocide: Role of France in the Rwandan Genocide 1994
France/Saudi-Arabia relations: France/Saudi Arabia relations since 1926
France/Senegal relations: France/Senegal relations
1659 French conquest of Senegal: French conquest of Senegal 1659 - Ndar (Saint-Louis)
1895-1958 French West Africa: French West Africa 1895-1958
1960 Independence of Senegal: 1960 Independence of Senegal
France/Singapore relations: France/Singapore relations
France/Spain relations: France/Spain relations
17th century France/Spain relations: 17th century France/Spain relations
18th century France/Spain relations: 18th century France/Spain relations
July 1808 Battle of Bailén: July 1808 Battle of Bailén
19th century Latin American revolutions and wars of independence: Following the French invasion of Spain during the early 19th century, American opposition against Spanish rule in Spanish America with the aim of political independence, as after the restoration of rule by Ferdinand VII in 1814 and his rejection of the Spanish liberal constitution of 1812, social and political movements hardened their stance toward Spanish colonialism and they increasingly sought political independence - During the late 18th and early 19th centuries Latin American revolutions and wars of independence, resulting in the creation of a number of independent countries in Latin America following the American and French Revolutions, which had profound effects on the British, Spanish, Portuguese, and French colonies in the Americas
1939-1946 Camp de Gurs: 1939-1946 Camp de Gurs
21th century France/Spain relations: 21th century France/Spain relations
France/Switzerland relations: France/Switzerland relations
France/Syria relations: France/Syria relations
August/September 2013: 27 August: President Hollande says that France was 'ready to punish' those behind last week's deadly chemical attack in Syria - 30 August: President François Hollande says that the UK parliamentary vote against taking military action against Assad regime would not affect France’s will to act alongside the United States in 'punishing' Assad regime for a chemical weapons attack - 1 September: Obama stalls on Syria, upping pressure on Hollande - 2 September: Assad forces carried out a 'massive and coordinated' chemical attack on August 21 near Damascus posing a major threat to national and global security, according to a declassified French intelligence report - 2 September: France calls for coalition to act against Assad regime - 7 September 2013: International support is growing for a strong response to the chemical weapons attack by the Syrian regime, France's foreign minister Fabius said during a joint press conference with USA counterpart Kerry - 9 September 2013: Assad regime must commit immediately to destruction of chemical arms, French foreign minister says - 10 September 2013: France says that a Russian proposal to have Assad hand over his chemical weapons arsenal was acceptable only if it came after a UN Security Council resolution spelling out consequences if he failed to comply - 13 September 2013: After reports that UN report will confirm Syria chemical weapons use, French, USA and British foreign ministers will meet in Paris on Monday for talks on Syria and a UN Security Council resolution - 20 September 2013: France suggests it is ready to give weapons to Syria's opposition in a 'controlled framework' - 29 septembre 2013: Appel de parlementaires PS et EELV à une aide militaire aux forces de l'opposition en Syrie
2014/2015: 13 May: France calls on United Nations to refer Syrian War to International Criminal Court - 27 February 2015: France and Britain dismissed any suggestion of restoring relations with Bashar al-Assad, saying this would likely end all hope of a political transition - 5 March: French President Hollande receives Syrian Coalition delegation in Paris - 16 March 2015: After speaking to USA's John Kerry on the phone France's FM Fabius says, the French position on the Syrian crisis had not changed and that 'the solution is a political transition (which) must both preserve regime institutions - not Mr Bashar al-Assad - ... and include the opposition of course' - 23 May 2015: A majority of 55% of French people are in favour of a military intervention by France in Syria, poll says - 27 September 2015: France launches first airstrikes against Islamic State terrorists in Syria, as French president says 'civilian populations must be protected against all forms of violence, ... also against the murderous bombings of Bashar al-Assad' - 29 September: In New York, Syrian Coalition's Khoja and France's Hollande agree on Syria without Assad, as Khoja explains the regime’s brutal practices against civilians, most notably using barrel bombs which account for nearly 95% of the overall civilian deaths in Syria, and as France will discuss with its partners in the coming days a proposal by Turkey and the Syrian opposition for a no-fly zone in northern Syria - 30 September: France is investigating Bashar al-Assad over alleged crimes against humanity, also examining claims of torture and kidnapping by Assad's forces and opened 'on the basis of indications received from the foreign ministry' on 10 September - 8 October: France will support establishing safe zones in Syria - 24 October 2015: France's FM Fabius announced that Paris will host foreign-minister level talks on Syria on 27 October, adding that Russia's foreign minister Lavrov will not be part of the talks and reiterating that Bashar al-Assad could not be part of any solution in Syria
2016: 13 February 2016: While Western leaders are not criminally responsible for the deaths of 470,000 Syrians so far murdered by the Assad regime since 2011, his helpers from Iran and Hezbollah and the Russian fighter jets bombing from high, it has happened on their watch and to a large degree through their inaction, Israeli newspaper 'Haaretz' says - 1 April 2016: France accuses Syrian Assad regime of violating ceasefire, saying that airstrikes in south-east Damascus were intended to terrorise people and undermine international peace efforts - 11 June 2016: Photos of 1,000 Syrian detainees out of hundreds of thousands of detainees currently in Assad’s prisons will be raised by Syrian and French activists at the 'Place de la Bastille' in Paris - 10 October 2016: Saying that France is 'committed as never before to saving the population of Aleppo’ and that he will ask the international court of justice to investigate possible war crimes in Syria French FM Ayrault also says that President Hollande will take into account the situation in Syria's Aleppo when deciding whether to see Russia's Putin when he visits Paris on 19 October - 26 October 2016: First European lawsuit to target Assad regime for its involvement in the disappearance of two French nationals in Syria in 2013, as Syrian Coalition urges Syrian nationals holding a second European nationality to lodge complaints against the Assad regime for the war crimes and crimes against humanity its forces are committing against their loved ones in Syria - 21 November 2016: At a meeting with French FM Jean-Marc Ayrault Syrian Coalition's Hijab stresses that the brutal onslaught on Aleppo by Assad and its Russian and Iranian allies are war crimes and crimes against humanity, calling upon the international community to assume its duty to stop Assad and Russia’s massacres in Syria - 1 December 2016: Head of Aleppo provincial council Brita Haji Hasan and French FM Ayrault calling to save Aleppo - 2 December 2016: The Syrian civil defense was awarded the Franco-German Prize for Human Rights and the Rule of Law a few days after receiving the Alternative Nobel Prize honoring their humanitarian role in relief work, as French FM Ayrault condemns the attacks that target civilians and hospitals in Aleppo, adding that systematic war crimes are being committed in the war-torn city and that the international community often ignores these crimes, as Syrian Coalition's Abdah calls for urgent action to save the people of Aleppo from the ongoing genocide, warning of an unprecedented humanitarian disaster that will have serious political, humanitarian consequences for the Syrian people and the peoples of the region
2017: 9 January 2017: Syria's war criminal al-Assad on Sunday received a number of members of the French National Assembly, headed by Thierry Mariani - 22 June 2017: France's Macron breaks with previous French policy in support of the struggle for freedom and democracy also in Syria, saying that 'nobody has shown me a legitimate successor' to Syria's dictators Hafez al-Assad 1970-2000 and Bashar al-Assad since 2000 - 3 juillet 2017: Des intellectuels et spécialistes français et syriens reprochent au président français son revirement à propos de Bachar el-Assad, qu'ils qualifient d'erreur d'analyse majeure - 20 September 2017: During meeting with French president, opposition leader Hijab ties a successful solution to the Syrian crisis with the prosecution of Assad - 26 December 2017: French rights groups and associations are seeking to coordinate their efforts to condemn the Assad regime at European and international judicial institutions, such as the European Court and the International Criminal Cour
France/Tunisia relations: France/Tunisia relations
1881-1956 French conquest and 'protectorate' of Tunisia: French conquest of Tunisia 1881 - French 'protectorate' of Tunisia 1881-1956
France/Turkey relations: France/Turkey relations
France/Ukraine relations: France/Ukraine relations
France/United Kingdom relations: France/United Kingdom relations
1803-1815 Napoleonic Wars: 1803-1815 Napoleonic Wars tragedy
2016: 1 March 2016: Calais camp is razed by French authorities with nowhere for most refugees to go - 20 June 2016: France’s first Shakespearean-style theatre near Condette in northern France built as tribute to Anglo-French friendship vandalised - 26 juillet 2016: Un migrant éthiopien a été tué aux abords de la 'Jungle' de Calais lors de rixes, qui ont également fait six blessés, et ont éclaté 'à proximité du camp opposant des migrants africains (Soudanais, Erythréens, Ethiopiens) et afghans' - 24 September 2016: Up to 1,000 unaccompanied minors will be left to fend for themselves when the bulldozers move in Calais refugee camp and French authorities hope Britain will honour pledges and rescue minors - 23 October 2016: Despite concerns about the safety of thousands of children and vulnerable adults living there, French officials are expected to press ahead with plans to start dismantling the Calais refugee camp on Monday - 27 October 2016: Charities fear for safety of unregistered minors as French officials try to declare camp's clearout complete and fires ravage camp - 5 November 2016: Nearly all of the children who stayed in the now demolished Calais camp for refugees have a mental health condition such as post-traumatic stress disorder or depression, according to 'Citizens UK', which is supporting scores of children dispersed around France - 19 November 2016: Child refugees sent from the demolished Calais 'jungle' to supposedly safe welcome centres across France claim they have been pressed into forced labour
France/USA relations: France/USA relations - French American
2013/2014: 12 April 2013: Hopi Native American masks sold at Paris auction amid protest - 1 juillet: Le 'Guardian' a affirmé que la France, l'Italie et la Grèce figuraient parmi les 38 'cibles' surveillées par la NSA - les Européens exigent des explications - 2 July: France tells USA to stop spying ‘immediately’ - 22 octobre: À la suite des révélations sur l’espionnage des Français par le NSA, le président Hollande a fait part de sa colère et de son incompréhension à Obama - 25 October 2013: Germany and France demand 'no-spy' agreement with USA - 11 février 2014: Washington et Paris 'amis pour toujours', se félicite Hollande en visite d’État outre-Atlantique sans first lady - 10 April 2014: Maryland adjourned for the year Monday without voting on legislation that would have prohibited rail company SNCF from winning the $2.37 billion commuter rail contract, until it paid reparations to people it transported during the Holocaust - 30 May 2014: BNP Paribas faces fine of more than $10bn to settle charges that it violated US sanctions against Iran and other countries - 22 June: Alstom agrees to General Electric's bid to acquire its energy business - 1 July 2014: BNP Paribas pleads guilty to pay $9 billion after violating USA sanctions against Sudan, Cuba and Iran
1939-1945 World War II, France stayed in Indochina tolerated by Japan: France stayed in Indochina during 1939-1945 World War II, tolerated by the Japanese Army
France/Yemen relations: France/Yemen relations
Forests of France: Forests of France
Water pollution in France: Water pollution in France
Fauna of France and endangered species: Fauna of France - List of birds of Metropolitan France
Natural disasters in France: Natural disasters in France
Windstorms and weather events in France and Europe: Weather events in France - European windstorms
Floods in France: Floods in France
Heat waves in France:
2003 heat wave in France: 2003 heat wave in France
August 2012 heat wave in France: Canicule en France métropolitaine d'août 2012
June/July 2019 heat wave in France: 2019 heat wave in France
Wildfires in France: Wildfires in France


Germany - Geography of Germany - Demographics of Germany
History of Germany: History of Germany
Second 'careers', protection of Nazi murderers (ongoing):
2011: 26 September 2011: Wanted Nazi Walter Rauff was German 'Bundesnachrichtendienst' spy between 1958-1962 - Walter Rauff: Gas van engineering and mass murder - Word War II: German gas vans in concentration camps, in Poland, Baltic states, Soviet Union, Serbia and North Africa - 27. September 2011: Bislang geheimgehaltene Akten des BND belegen, daß Walter Rauff wegen seiner Tätigkeit im Reichssicherheitshauptamt (Entwicklung und Einsatz von Gaswagen) 1958 vom BND eingestellt wurde - 27. September 2011: Deutscher Verfassungsschutz läßt eigene NS-Vergangenheit untersuchen, schon 2011 - CIA-Akten 2006: Aufenthaltsort Adolf Eichmanns dem BND und CIA bereits 1958 bekannt - BND-Akten: Aufenthaltsort Eichmanns sogar schon 1952 bekannt - 30 November 2011: Investigators have found that in 2007 the German Intelligence Service BND destroyed files of 250 employees who had been in the Nazi SS or Gestapo
2012/2013: 15 juillet 2012: Le criminel nazi Laszlo Csatary retrouvé à Budapest - 18 July: Csatary, accused of organising the deportation to their deaths of some 16,000 Jews arrested in Hungary - 7 May 2013: Living in Baden-Wuerttemberg since 1983, the alleged former guard at the Nazi death camp Auschwitz Hans Lipschis arrested on charges of complicity in the mass murder of prisoners - 28 June: Germany's Federal Administrative Court blocks full release of Nazi Eichmann files - 23 July 2013: The Nazi-hunting Simon Wiesenthal Center launches German poster campaign seeking information on the last perpetrators of the Holocaust still at large nearly 70 years on - 29 July 2013 and its truth: The murderer SS-Priebke and free man in 2013 said, that the victims - from 14 year old boys (today 83) to 75 year old men - were, in his view at the time, terrorists - 2 September: Germany tries 92-year-old member of the Nazi Waffen SS Siert Bruins for Nazi war crime - 26 September: Former Auschwitz guard Hans Lipschis, 93, to be tried as part of drive to round up last surviving members of Nazi regime - 15 October 2013: Angry protests mark funeral of Nazi war criminal SS officer Erich Priebke in Italy
2015: 23. Februar 2015: Ein 94-jähriger ehemaliger SS-Sanitäter im Vernichtungslager Auschwitz-Birkenau soll sich vor dem Landgericht Neubrandenburg wegen Beihilfe zum Mord in mindestens 3.681 Fällen verantworten - 31 March 2015: Following Germany's refusals of extradition to Denmark and protection by German governments and authorities, volunteer in the SS Viking Division and Denmark’s highest-ranking Nazi Soren Kam died a free man last week in Kempten after he fled to CDU/CSU-Germany in 1956 and obtained citizenship, despite conviction in Denmark to have been involved in the murder of Danish anti-Nazi newspaper editor Carl Henrik Clemmensen - 20/21 April 2015: SS 'accountant of Auschwitz' Gröning goes on trial in Germany charged with complicity in the murder of 300,000 Holocaust victims - 15 July: Former SS officer Oskar Groening known as the Bookkeeper of Auschwitz sentenced to four years in prison - 16 July 2015: SS officer Oskar Gröning escaped prosecution in Britain nearly 70 years ago because of the USA’s desire, according to newly discovered UNWCC documents also revealing that the entire judicial process against Germans accused of committing war crimes was closed down after political intervention from above - 1 August 2015: Germany shelves Nazi crimes probe of SS-commander Michael Karkoc now living in USA, who commanded a unit in the SS-led Ukrainian Self Defense Legion accused of burning villages filled with women and children, based on wartime documents, testimony from other members of the unit and Karkoc’s own Ukrainian-language memoir
24 July 2019 former SS soldier Karl Muenter charged: 24 juillet 2019: Suite à la plainte de familles de victimes du massacre de 86 civils à Ascq, commis dans la nuit du 1er au 2 avril 1944 par des SS y compris Karl Münter, ce l'ancien SS, qui a assuré que le chiffre de 6 millions de juifs assassinés par les nazis était exagéré lors d'un entretien à la chaîne publique ARD diffusé le 29 novembre 2018, qui a estimé que les victimes d'Ascq étaient aussi responsables de leur mort, est enfin mis en accusation maintenant pour incitation à la haine, après en mars 2018, le Parquet allemand avait en effet annoncé l'abandon des poursuites parce que le suspect avait déjà été condamné à mort par contumace par un tribunal militaire en France en 1949 et qu'il ne pouvait donc être jugé une seconde fois pour ces mêmes faits
Engineering companies of Germany: Engineering companies of Germany
Automotive industry in Germany: Automotive industry in Germany
Since 2008 worldwide 'Volkswagen' defeat device and emissions scandal: Volkswagen emissions scandal - in September 2015 'Volkswagen' admitted to illegally using installed software to change emissions test results for 11 million of its diesel engine cars sold between 2009 and 2015 - 20 September 2015: Volkswagen orders external investigation after USA regulators found cars gave inaccurate data on toxic emissions - 22 September 2015: Calling for a 'Europe-wide' investigation in the Volkswagen emissions scandal, France’s finance minister Sapin says, 'what we are dealing with is making sure people avoid being poisoned by pollution' - 28 September: Prosecutors reportedly launch inquiry into former 'Volkswagen' boss Winterkorn - 2 October: Volkswagen emissions testing scandal is deepening, with the Paris prosecutor announcing a preliminary inquiry - 9 October: Carmaker VW says half of models involved in emissions scandal may need complex, costly repairs such as a new fuel tank - 15 October: Volkswagen is to recall 8.5m diesel cars across the EU after German authorities rejected its proposals for a voluntary scheme in the emissions scandal - 3 November 2015: VW reveals CO2 emissions problem in 800,000 vehicles - 5 November: The deepening crisis at Volkswagen has hit sales hard, with the first signs emerging that the emissions-rigging scandal is putting customers off
Since 1914 Germany, weapons of mass destruction and history: Germany, weapons of mass destruction and history - Since 1914 Chemical weapons in World War I
Chemical industry of Germany: Chemical industry of Germany
Monsanto legal cases: Monsanto legal cases
Renewable energy in Germany: Renewable energy in Germany
Fishing in Germany: Fishing in Germany
Water supply and sanitation in Germany: Water supply and sanitation in Germany
Foreign trade of Germany: Foreign trade of Germany
Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank
Economic history and economic cycles in Germany: Economic history of Germany since 1945
Labor and labor relations in Germany: Labor in Germany - German labour law - Trade unions in Germany
1996: 14. Juni 1996: Die deutsche 'Wehrmacht' in der Realisierung der Welteroberungs- und Versklavungspläne des national-sozialistischen Deutschlands katapultierte das NS-Mordsystem mit Waffengewalt über die deutschen Grenzen hinaus bis nach Stalingrad und Narvik, an den Nordrand der Sahara und die Küste des Atlantiks, ihren territorialen Eroberungen übrigens immer hart auf dem Fuße ein Vernichtungsapparat, dessen Radius stets identisch mit dem Radius der Wehrmachtsfront war, die daher an der physischen Auslöschung der Opfer selbst dann mitverantwortlich und mitschuldig gewesen wäre, wenn die Massen-, Serien- und Völkermorde ohne ihre Beteiligung stattgefunden hätten, in die sie aber tief involviert war (Ralph Giordano in einem offenen Brief an den CDU-Minister Volker Rühe mit der Aufforderung, Erwin Rommel aus der Bundeswehr-Tradition zu entfernen)
Since 1955 list of generals of the German 'Bundeswehr', mostly former Nazi 'Wehrmacht' officers: List of generals of the German 'Bundeswehr', mostly former Nazi 'Wehrmacht' officers - 1940-1945 Adolf Heusinger devient chef de la section des opérations ('Operationsabteilung') à l’OKH et participe aux décisions opérationnelles et stratégiques, les crimes de guerre de la Wehrmacht - Heinrich Trettner 1907-2006, rejoint la Légion Condor et sert comme adjudant et officier d'opérations du Generalmajor Hugo Sperrle et Wolfram Freiherr von Richthofen durant la Guerre civile d'Espagne, ensuite un Generalleutnant allemand qui a servi au sein de la Heer dans la Wehrmacht pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale et de 1964 à 1966 Inspecteur général de la Bundeswehr (Generalinspekteur der Bundeswehr)
German military personnel: German military personnel
Nazi tradition of intelligence agencies and list of intelligence agencies in Germany (see also 'crime in Germany', explained further below): List of intelligence agencies of Germany
Military budget of Germany: Military budget of Germany
Taxation in Germany: Taxation in Germany
Federal budget of Germany: Federal budget of Germany
Elections and politics in Germany: Elections in Germany - Political parties in Germany
September 2013 German federal election: German federal election 22 September 2013 - 22 septembre 2013: Les Allemands ont voté en masse dimanche matin pour les élections législatives qui devraient confirmer Angela Merkel - 23 September: Germany's CDU/CSU wins by a landslide but faces tough coalition choices - 23/24 September: 'This morning I stood in front of my wardrobe and I thought red is no good, bright green is no good, blue was yesterday, what are you going to do?' CDU chancellor Merkel said - 17 octobre 2013: Merkel tente un rapprochement avec les sociaux-démocrates - 27 November: CDU/CSU and SPD reach deal on forming a coalition - 14 décembre 2013: Feu vert des sociaux-démocrates à la 'grande coalition' dans un référendum interne - 18 December: Angela Merkel elected to a third term as chancellor in a vote in the German lower house of parliament
2014: 14 February 2014: German minister Friedrich quits over Edathy's suspected involvement in child pornography - 17 February: German grand coalition dispute over SPD lawmaker's child porn probe as commentators are asking whether Merkel's third government can rule in its current state
May 2014 German European Parliament election: German European Parliament election 25 May 2014
2015: 7 May 2015: German defense ministry official tried to get MAD intelligence service on the urging of the manufacturer of assault rifles G36 Heckler&Koch to cover up negative reports about this rifles used by the Bundeswehr - 13 October 2015: Anti-refugee protesters create a gallows for Angela Merkel over her open-door refugee policies as housing for those who have fled the Middle East are daubed in racist graffiti - 17 October 2015: Henriette Reker, running for the office of the Mayor of Cologne, was seriously wounded by an assailant with a knife while shouting against refugees - 19 October 2015: Henriette Reker who was stabbed in the neck in an attack over her work with refugees elected the first female mayor of the western city of Cologne - 7 November 2015: Just two days after resolving a coalition row over how to handle the record influx of refugees, row over their status reopened by the CDU/CSU interior minister saying Syrian refugees would receive a modified status and be barred from having family members join them
December 2016: 1 December 2016: The first time German government admits that Ramstein military base in Rhineland-Palatinate plays a central role in the USA’s illegal drone war missions around the world, killing almost 5,000 people in Pakistan, Yemen, and Somalia as well as more than 13,000 in the war in Afghanistan, as the large majority of the victims are innocents such as women, children, and old people according to Ramstein campaign - 2 December 2016: Opposition parties accuse the coalition government of overstepping its authority in order to block USA whistleblower Edward Snowden's trip to Germany after the Federal Court of Justice ruled in November that the government must allow a parliamentary committee in Berlin to question Snowden, who in 2013 leaked details of the USA National Security Agency's global surveillance practises
May 2019 European Parliament election in Germany: 26 May 2019 European Parliament election in Germany
September 2019 Brandenburg state election: 1 September 2019 Brandenburg state election
North Rhine-Westphalia (Nordrhein-Westfalen): State elections in North Rhine-Westphalia
September 2019 Saxony state election: 1 September 2019 Saxony state election
Social movements and protests: Protests in Germany
2015: 5 January 2015: Thousands take to the streets in Berlin, Stuttgart, Cologne and Dresden to oppose racism and xenophobia - 10 January: Tens of thousands of people rally in Dresden against racism and xenophobia - 12 January: 'Anti-Islamisation' Pegida marchers were outnumbered by tens of thousands counterdemonstrators across the country, with 30,000 people in Leipzig, 20,000 in Munich, in Dresden and other cities - 13 January: Rally to condemn the Paris jihadist attacks and take a stand against Islamophobia draws 10,000 people in Berlin - 19 April: Thousands in Germany protest against Europe-USA trade deal that they fear will erode food, labour and environmental standards - 10 October 2015: Hundreds of thousands of people marched in Berlin on Saturday to oppose planned free trade deal TTIP between the EU and the USA that is claimed to be anti-democratic and to threaten food safety and environmental standards - 19 October 2015: Demonstrations in Berlin to protest against Russia’s aggression on Syria
2016: 16 January 2016: Thousands of protesters in Berlin call for organic farming, which is done without pesticides, synthetic fertilizers, without the use of antibiotics for livestock and GMO feed, also protesting against corporate agriculture as well as the pending TTIP free trade agreement between the EU and the USA - 11 avril 2016: Environ 45'000 salariés de la sidérurgie ont manifesté pour dire leurs inquiétudes quant à leur avenir, dans un secteur soumis à la concurrence féroce des acteurs chinois - 24 April 2016: Tens of thousands of opponents of a proposed transatlantic trade deal poured onto German streets Saturday on the eve of a visit by USA's Obama - 29 avril 2016: Plusieurs débrayages ont eu lieu dans toute l'Allemagne pour réclamer de meilleures conditions de travail et une augmentation de salaires pour une vaste branche fourre-tout qui recouvre l'automobile, les industries électriques, la métallurgie, et emploie 3,4 millions de personnes
June/July 2017: 27 June 2017: Greenpeace, Oxfam and other organizations, preparing protests against the G20 summit in July, demand solutions and cooperation to combat famines, inequality, climate change, wars and displacements, not provided by present G20 policy, and call for developing democracy, strengthening parliaments, creating transparency, enabling effective public participation in important decisions, also in Germany and Hamburg, that will host Putin, Xi Jinping, Trump and Erdogan in July - Proteste und Gegenveranstaltungen gegen den G20-Gipfel in Hamburg am 7./8. Juli 2017 - zahlreiche Bündnisse und Initiativen organisieren Veranstaltungen um Alternativen zum beim G20 vertretenen Wirtschaftssystem aufzuzeigen - 7 July 2017: New York city mayor Bill De Blasio, one of Trump's sharpest critics, will take part in protests against the G20 summit in Hamburg and will be a keynote speaker on Saturday at a rally for human rights and democracy
Society, demographics, languages, human rights, religion, racism and antisemitism in Germany: German society
Human rights in Germany: Human rights in Germany
Subdivisions of Germany: Subdivisions of Germany
Municipalities, cities and towns in Germany: Municipalities of Germany - List of cities and towns in Germany
History of Baden-Württemberg: History of Baden-Württemberg
History of Brandenburg, Prussia and Berlin: History of Prussia - History of Brandenburg
18 January 1871 Berlin becomes capital of the German Empire: Since 18 January 1871 Berlin becomes capital of the newly unified German Empire
Since October 1990 German reunification, unified Berlin designated capital: 3 October 1990 German reunification, unified Berlin designated capital of the 'Federal Republic of Germany'
Jews and Judaism in Berlin: Jews and Judaism in Berlin
History of Hesse: History of Hesse
History of North Rhine-Westphalia: History of North Rhine-Westphalia
History of cities in North Rhine-Westphalia: History of cities in North Rhine-Westphalia
History of Saxony: History of Saxony
History of Saxony-Anhalt: History of Saxony-Anhalt
Demographics and ethnic groups in Germany: Demographics of Germany - Ethnic groups in Germany - Immigrants to Germany
History of the Jews in Germany since the Early Middle Ages: History of the Jews in Germany since the Early Middle Ages
Jewish German history and antisemitism in Germany: Jewish German history - Antisemitism in Germany
October 2012 memorial in Berlin to Roma and Sinti victims: 24 October 2012: Long-delayed memorial in Berlin to Roma and Sinti victims of the Nazis
Arabs in Germany: Arabs in Germany
Assyrians/Syriacs in Germany: Assyrians/Syriacs in Germany
Italians in Germany: Italians in Germany
Russians in Germany: Russians in Germany
Spaniards in Germany: Spaniards in Germany
Turks in Germany: Turks in Germany
Immigration and refugees in Germany: Immigration to Germany
Since 2014 International and European refugee and migrant crisis: Since 2014 International and European refugee and migrant crisis
2016: 29 January 2016: Germany tightens refugee policy, announcing to close its border to Algerians, Tunisians and Moroccans and also to prevent migrants from bringing their families to join them for two years, as Finland joins Sweden in deportations - 5 February 2016: Tens of thousands Syrians flee joint Russian-Iranian-Assad offensive on Aleppo as regime forces fully encircle countryside north of major city and Russian airstrikes mount to 250 a day - 6 November 2016: Ahead of 2017 federal elections the German CDU-led interior ministry reportedly wants to stop migrants ever reaching Europe’s Mediterranean coast by picking them up at sea and returning them to Africa - 18 November 2016: Survivors of the SS St. Louis, the trans-Atlantic liner carrying nearly 1,000 Jewish refugees from Germany in 1939, rejected by the USA and Cuba and forced to return to Europe, urge world to treat immigrants 'as family'
Music in Germany and history: Music in Germany - History of music in Germany
Religion and history of religion in Germany: History of religion in Germany - Religion in Germany
Christianity and antisemitism: Christianity and antisemitism - Medieval antisemitism
Antisemitism in Germany and Europe: Antisemitism in Germany - Antisemitism in Europe
Religious disaffiliation (Kirchenaustritte): Kirchenaustritte in Deutschland
Women and women's rights in Germany: Women in Germany - Women's rights in Germany
2016: 5 janvier 2016: Entre 200 et 300 personnes se sont rassemblées devant la cathédrale de Cologne pour appeler à plus de respect envers les femmes - 2016 New Year's Eve sexual assaults and robbery in Germany - 8 January 2016: German police have identified 18 asylum-seekers among 31 suspects in connection with crimes committed in Cologne at New Year, as government spokesman tells reporters that there are 9 Algerians, 8 Moroccans, 5 Iranians, 4 Syrians, 2 Germans and one person each from Iraq, Serbia and the USA among the suspects - 11 May 2016: Women's rights activists say that while government plans to allow women to compare their salaries against peers were a good start, more still needs to be done - 12 May 2016: Green party politician and first Muslim woman Muhterem Aras elected with a large majority as president (speaker) of Baden-Württemberg's state legislature
Childhood and children's rights in Germany: Childhood in Germany - Children's rights in Germany
Universities and colleges in Germany: Universities and colleges in Germany by state
History museums in Germany: History museums in Germany
Since 1997 Documentation and Cultural Centre of German Sinti and Roma: Since 1997 Documentation and Cultural Centre of German Sinti and Roma was established in Heidelberg
Health disasters in Germany: Health disasters in Germany
Drugs in Germany: Drugs in Germany
Professional sports in Germany: Professional sports in Germany and 'Bundesliga'
Sports broadcasting contracts in Germany: Sports broadcasting contracts in Germany
Football hooliganism and riots in Germany: Football hooliganism and riots in Germany
Freedom of press and censorship in Germany: Freedom of press in Germany - Censorship in Germany
March 1914 German newspapers beat the war drums: March 1914: German newspapers beat the war drums
Sports broadcasting contracts in Germany: Sports broadcasting contracts in Germany
Crime in Germany: Crime in Germany
Racism in Germany: Racism in Germany
Since 17th century German colonialism in Africa and worldwide since 19th century: Since 1680 German colonization of Africa - Since 1884 German colonial empire -
Persecution of black people in Nazi Germany: Persecution of black people in Nazi Germany
July 2014: 18 July: Anti-Semitic slogans chanted at Berlin protest against Israel's Gaza operation - 21. Juli: Eine anti-israelische Kundgebung in Berlin von palästinensischen und politischen Gruppen wie dem Hochschulverband der Partei 'Die Linke' ist am Samstag mit antisemitischen Parolen und dem versuchten Angriff auf ein Ehepaar aus Jerusalem eskaliert - 21 July: Germany's Jewish community is shocked by an 'explosion of evil and violent hatred of Jews' shown by protesters at anti-Israel demonstrations across the country chanting 'gas the Jews' and other anti-Semitic slogans during some pro-Gaza protests - 21 July: As wave of anti-Semitic rallies hits cities across Germany and anti-Israel protester chanted in Dortmund and Frankfurt 'Hamas Hamas Juden ins gas', Jewish community braces itself ahead of Friday’s Iranian-sponsored Al Quds Day March
2015: 5 January 2015: A 26-year-old Israeli was beaten by a group of seven men on a Berlin subway car after he filmed them singing an anti-Semitic song and refused to delete the video - 27 January 2015: Auschwitz survivors gather for memorial 70 years after liberation - 17 February: Jewish cemetery in the northern German city of Oldenburg vandalized, targeted over the past few years by right-wing extremists - 28 June 2015: Berlin’s philharmonic’s new conductor met by anti-Semitism in German press, as NDR website calls Russian-born Kirill Petrenko, philharmonic’s first Jewish conductor, 'the tiny gnome, the Jewish caricature' - 16 November 2015: Ursula Haverbeck after calling the Holocaust in a statement broadcast on television outside of the trial of former SS guard Oskar Groening 'the biggest and most sustainable lie in history', sentenced to 10 months in jail
Since 19th century timeline of Nazism and since 1919 NSDAP's rise to power: Since 19th century timeline of Nazism in Germany - Since 1919 Adolf Hitler's rise to power
1914-1918 World War I and German Empire since 1871: World War I 1914-1918 and German Empire since 1871 - German war crimes in World War I
15 January 1919 SPD-linked ordered assassination of Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht: 15 January 1919 ordered assassination of Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht - German army officer Pabst, who ordered the executions of Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg in 1919 as well as summary executions of many other Communist Party of Germany members, was never brought to justice even in the later Federal Republic of Germany, became an industrialist and eventually Director of Rheinmetall Borsig in Berlin, later settled in Switzerland, where he took a post with the arms manufacturer Oerlikon and following World War II, Pabst took some involvement in the activities of the neo-Nazi Bruderschaften, small groups that existed across Europe and which attempted to co-ordinate their political activism, later returned to Germany in 1955, settling in Düsseldorf, and there became involved with neo-Nazis - In 1962 in an interview and in his memoirs, Pabst maintained that he had talked in 1919 on the phone with SPD-Noske in the Chancellery, and that SPD-Noske and SPD-Ebert had approved of his assassination actions, never challenged, especially since neither the Reichstag, the Bundestag nor the courts in Germany until today ever examined the case
1918-1933 Political violence in Germany: 1918-1933 Political violence in Germany
Persecution of black people in Nazi Germany: Persecution of black people in Nazi Germany
German war crimes in World War II, crimes of the Wehrmacht and the Holocaust: German war crimes in World War II - War crimes of the Wehrmacht - The Holocaust
Nazi tradition of intelligence agencies and list of intelligence agencies in Germany: List of intelligence agencies of Germany - Bundesnachrichtendienst BND's Nazi tradition
1946: Gehlen Organization established in June 1946 by USA occupation authorities consisted of members of the 12th Department of the former 'Foreign Armies East', numerous former SS, SD and Wehrmacht officers and carried the name of Wehrmacht Major general Reinhard Gehlen, head of the German military intelligence in the Eastern Front during World War II - Agency 114 of the Bundesnachrichtendienst BND was a main entrance for former Nazis - 26 September 2011: Wanted Nazi Walter Rauff was German 'Bundesnachrichtendienst' spy between 1958-1962 - Walter Rauff: Gas van engineering and mass murder - In 1965 'Butcher of Lyon' SS-Hauptsturmführer Klaus Barbie was recruited by the BND, his initial monthly salary of 500 Deutsche Mark was transferred in May 1966 to an account of the Chartered Bank of London in San Francisco in the USA, which recruited him in 1947 as an agent for the USA Army Counter Intelligence Corps CIC, and he made at least 35 reports to the BND headquarters in Pullach - 27. September 2011: Bislang geheimgehaltene Akten des BND belegen, daß Walter Rauff wegen seiner Tätigkeit im Reichssicherheitshauptamt (Entwicklung und Einsatz von Gaswagen) 1958 vom BND eingestellt wurde - CIA-Akten 2006: Aufenthaltsort Adolf Eichmanns dem BND und CIA bereits 1958 bekannt - BND-Akten: Aufenthaltsort Eichmanns sogar schon 1952 bekannt
Since 1945 neo-Nazism in Germany: Chauvinism, fascism and neo-Nazism in Germany - Neo-Nazism
Nazi terrorism since 1945, Nazi party 'NPD' and neo-Nazi linked AfD in German parliaments: Todesopfer rechtsextremer Gewalt in Deutschland nach 1945
11. April 1968 Attentat auf Rudi Dutschke: 11. April 1968 Attentat auf Rudi Dutschke in West-Berlin
September 1991 Riot of Hoyerswerda: Riot of Hoyerswerda September 1991
August 1992 Riot of Rostock-Lichtenhagen: Riot of Rostock-Lichtenhagen August 1992
1992 Mordanschlag von Mölln: Mordanschlag von Mölln 1992
1999 Hetzjagd in Guben: Hetzjagd in Guben 1999
Since 1990th to 2011 'National Socialist Underground' terrorist group: 'National Socialist Underground' terrorist group's serial murders - Neonazi-Mordserie bis 2011
2011: 12. November 2011: Mordserie an Ausländern und Polizistin von seit 90er Jahren bekannten Neonazis - 13 November 2011: Police made a second arrest after the discovery of evidence linking a Nazi group to 10 murders - National Socialist Underground - November 2011: Rolle des 'Verfassungsschutzes' und der Polizei bei der vieljährigen neonazistischen Mordserie - 20 November 2011: The German government agrees 'to compensate' families of victims of neo-Nazi group questioning itself how the organization could have slipped under the radar when it was known to the authorities since 15 years - 24. November 2011: Haftbefehl gegen weiteren Neonazi und Produzenten eines Propagandavideos - 29 November: Police - now investigating neo-Nazi organization - arrest another suspect accomplice and former official in the extreme-right NPD party - 30. November 2011: Mehr als 800 Waffenfunde bei Neonazis - Verbindungen auch in die Schweiz - 1 December: German authorities seek public help in neo-Nazi investigation - 9 December: German interior ministers now seek ban on neo-Nazi NPD - 18. Dezember 2011: Gelder des thüringischen 'Verfassungsschutzes' für Neo-Nazi Terrororganisation
2012: 1. Januar 2012: 'Verfassungsschutz' hatte schon 1999 Informationen über den Aufenthaltsort und die Verbrechen der Neonazi-Terroristen, hat aber nicht zugegriffen - Seit Januar 2012 Untersuchungsausschuss zur Terrorgruppe Nationalsozialistischer Untergrund - 26. Januar: Offenbarungseid eines verlogenen Staates - deutscher Bundestag setzt Neonazi-Untersuchungsausschuß ein - 27. Januar: Neonazis werden auch in Bayern aggressiver - 1. Februar 2012: Weiterer mutmasslicher Neonazi-Helfer in Düsseldorf festgenommen - 13. März 2012: Zahlreiche Festnahmen bei polizeilicher Aktion gegen die kriminelle Vereinigung 'Aktionsbüro Mittelrhein' und deren 'Braunes Haus' - 27 March 2012: 'Germany's new breed of neo-Nazis pose a threat', British TV report says - 30. Mai: Von fünf mutmasslichen Helfern der Rechtsterroristen sind nur noch zwei in Haft - 15. Juni 2012: Bundesgerichtshof hebt Haftbefehl gegen weiteren mutmaßlichen Helfer der rechtsterroristischen NSU auf - 28. Juni 2012: 'Verfassungsschutz' vernichtete im November 2011 Akten über seine Verbindung zu Naziterroristen nach Aufforderung zu deren Übermittlung - 29 June 2012: German secret service destroys files on neo-Nazi terrorist gang the National Socialist Underground - vital information was shredded on the day it was due to be handed to federal prosecutors - 2 July: German domestic intelligence agency chief H. Fromm quits over murders - 4. Juli: Hinterbliebene von Opfern der Zwickauer Neonazi-Zelle haben Strafanzeige gegen Mitarbeiter des 'Verfassungsschutzes' eingereicht - 11 Juli: Die sogenannten Ermittlungspannen bei der Mordserie der Zwickauer Neonazi-Zelle kosten nach H. Fromm, Th. Sippel ('Verfassungsschutz'-Chef in Thüringen) einen dritten 'Verfassungsschutz'-Chef (R. Boos in Sachsen) den Posten - 15. Juli 2012: Staatlicher Offenbarungseid auf Raten - weitere Einzelheiten zum 'Verfassungsschutz' - 23. Juli: Verhaftung nach Hausdurchsuchung wegen Betriebs eines rechtsextremen Internetradios - 23. August: NRW verbietet drei Neonazi-'Kameradschaften' in Dortmund, Hamm und Aachen - Beschlagnahme von Waffen, Datenträgern und Propagandamaterial auch der NPD - 11 September: Military intelligence agency MAD says it knew of the murder suspect’s Mundlos far-right links years before he joined the neo-Nazi terror cell - 14. September: Polizei im Zwielicht - Nazimord-Helfer und Sprengstoffbeschaffer als 'Informant' und 'Vertrauensperson' von 2000-2011 in Diensten des Berliner Landeskriminalamts - der Name des Amts verpflichtet - 23. September: Der langjährige V-Mann der Berliner Polizei Thomas S. gibt Sprengstoffbeschaffung für die Neonazi-Terrorzelle zu - 17. Oktober: Im Bundesamt für 'Verfassungsschutz' sind nach Enttarnung der Neonazi-Terrorzelle NSU neben den bereits publik gewordenen Fällen weitere 284 Akten vernichtet worden - 22. Oktober: Edathy legt dem BDK-Vorsitzenden Schulz wegen dessen Beleidigung des parlamentarischen Ausschusses Rücktritt nahe - 1. November: Kenan Kolat fordert eine Debatte darüber, wie es zu der Mordserie der Naziterroristen kommen konnte - 8 November: Federal prosecutors charge neo-Nazis with murders of 10 people, mostly immigrants and a police officer - 14. November 2012: Beim Berliner 'Verfassungsschutz' schon 2010 rechtswidrige Vernichtung von Akten zum Rechtsextremismus - weiterer Rücktritt, diesmal einer 'Verfassungsschutz'-Chefin in der zuvorkommenden Hauptstadt - 22. November 2012: NRW-Innenminister SPD-Behrens schließt 2004 entgegen den Ermittlungen rechtsterroristische Täterschaft aus - 23. November 2012: Bundespräsident Gauck lehnt Treffen mit den Opferfamilien der NSU-Morde ab und schlägt Bitte der Türkischen Gemeinde für ein persönliches Treffen zum Jahrestag der Aufdeckung der NSU-Mordserie aus
2013: 3. Februar 2013: Bundesinnenministerium verweigert dem NSU-Untersuchungsausschuss Auskünfte über einen wichtigen V-Mann im Umfeld der Zwickauer Terrorzelle - 16. Februar 2013: Aysen Tasköprü, Schwester des ermordeten Süleymann Tasköprü aus Hamburg und Nebenklägerin im NSU-Mordprozess lehnt Bundenspräsident Gaucks Einladung ab und begründet ihre Ablehnung in einem Schreiben, mit welchem sie überfällige Antworten verlangt - 26 Mart 2013: Almanya’da sekizi Türk 10 kisiyi öldüren neonazi terör örgütü NSU’nun yargilanacagi davada Münih Yüksek Eyalet Mahkemesi - 2. April 2013: 50 'Verfassungsschutz' V-Leute im NSU-Umfeld identifiziert, schwerste Straftaten, hohe Honorare des Staates (fünf- bis sechsstellig) und oftmals ohne Strafverfolgung - 2. April: Celal Özcan erklärt. daß 'Hürriyet' immer wieder beim OLG München angerufen und um eine Vorabinformation gebeten habe, wann die Akkreditierungsfrist beginnen würde - 'die Verfahrensweise ist ungerecht und nicht akzeptabel' - 2. April: Statt das Anliegen, die Teilnahme türkischer Medien und der Botschaft am NSU-Prozeß vor dem Münchner OLG zu gewährleisten, als Vorsitzender des Auswärtigen Ausschusses nach Kräften zu unterstützen, maßt sich CDU-Polenz von der Kiesinger/Filbinger/Globke-CDU an, die 'türkische Politik' 'dringend zu warnen' - vor dem Zustand eines Landes, dessen Behörden den Naziterror sogar finanziell gefördert haben (ein Grund, sich zu schämen, zu entschuldigen und die Lehren zu ziehen), und welchen auch dieser CDU/CSU-Politiker mit herbeigeführt hat und nun selbst offenbart - 4 April: A Turkish newspaper complains to Germany's highest court over German neo-Nazi trial access - 12 avril: La Cour constitutionnelle allemande a ordonné au tribunal de Munich d'accorder des places supplémentaires aux médias étrangers pour couvrir le procès de néonazis jugés à partir de mercredi pour des meurtres racistes - 15 avril: Le procès de néo-nazis allemands accusés de meurtres racistes est reporté au 6 mai - 25 April: The German lower house, the Bundestag, refuses to back a ban of the neo-nazi party NPD
2015: 13 January: Some 25,000 'anti-Islamisation' protesters marched through the streets of Dresden on Monday - 21 January 2015: The leader of far-right and anti-Muslim movement Pegida resigned after a photo of him posing as Hitler and reports that he called refugees 'scumbags' - 11 February 2015: German refugee centres face drastic rise in extremist attacks - 23 Februar 2015: Bachmann wieder im Pegida-Vorstand - 9 March 2015: Village of Tröglitz mayor Markus Nierth quits over neo-Nazi protest after neo-Nazis were given permission to demonstrate outside his home over his support of asylum seekers - 29. März 2015: Zeugin und Ex-Freundin von Florian H. tot, der im Herbst 2013 im Auto verbrannte bevor er im NSU-Ausschuß aussagen konnte - 4 April 2015: Asylum seekers' accommodation set on fire in suspected far-right arson attack in village of Tröglitz - 22 April 2015: Germany grapples with attitudes to asylum seekers - 6 May 2015: Police detained four people suspected of setting up a right-wing extremist group that was planning bomb attacks on Muslims and refugees, as a separate investigation began into arsonists who damaged a shelter for asylum-seekers - 30 July 2015: A worrying rise of fire bombings and violent attacks on asylum-seekers has marred German attempts to integrate desperate refugees from Syria, Eritrea and also people from the Balkans, as in the past 25 years in Germany 75 people have been murdered in rightwing extremist attacks - 23 August 2015: The outbreak of violence by right-wing radicals against refugees followed a demonstration of some 1,000 people in Heidenau, near Dresden against the roughly 250 refugees - 26 August: Two new attacks hit refugee centres in Leipzig and Parchim - 17 October 2015: Mayoral candidate Henriette Reker, responsible for taking charge of refugees in her city, stabbed in Cologne in a racist attack wounding four other people and linked to migrants policy - 19 October 2015: At the anniversary of the Pegida rallies in Dresden on 19 October 2015 keynote speaker Pirinçci tries to stir up hatred against refugees in Europe and Germany saying 'KZs sind ja leider derzeit außer Betrieb' - 22 October 2015: In the first three quarters of 2015 there were a total of 461 attacks across Germany against asylum seekers’ homes believed to have been driven by xenophobic motives, including scores of arson attacks - 7 December: Germany's constitutional court to hear case on banning neo-Nazi NPD in March 2016 - 22 December 2015: A German town council member of the National Democratic party has been given only a suspended sentence over a tattoo bearing a notorious Nazi concentration camp slogan and a rendering of Auschwitz
2016: 11 January 2016: Two Pakistanis and a Syrian man were injured in attacks by gangs of people in Cologne, German police said late on Sunday - 11 January 2016: Gangs attacked groups of foreigners in four separate incidents on Sunday in Cologne, after attackers reportedly arranged via Facebook to go on 'manhunt' of foreigners after assaults on women on New Year’s Eve - 12 January: Over 200 masked anti-refugee supporters, carrying placards with racist overtones, went on a rampage in the German city of Leipzig on Monday night, throwing fireworks, breaking windows and vandalising buildings, police says - 20 February 2016: A video showing a mob of people in Saxony chanting hate slogans at a bus full of visibly shaken refugees has sparked outrage among German social media users - 20 février: Tollé après la diffusion de vidéos montrant en Saxe des policiers évacuant brutalement un bus de demandeurs d'asile qui refusent de gagner leur foyer, effrayés par des manifestants anti-réfugié - 21 February: A fire that destroyed a hotel being converted into a shelter for refugees in Saxony's city of Bautzen was cheered and celebrated by onlookers, police say treating the incident as suspected arson - 8 March 2016: Congo-born priest Ndjimbi-Tshiende in Germany's Bavaria quits over death threats he received since speaking out in defence of refugees and after he was fed up with xenophobic utterances from prominent CSU local politicians Sylvia Boher and Johann Haindi - 19 April 2016: In diesem Jahr sind in Deutschland bereits mehr als 300 Straftaten gegen Asylunterkünfte verübt worden - 11. Mai 2016: Mobiltelefon des mittlerweile toten Neonazis 'Corelli', V-Mann des sogenannten 'Verfassungsschutzes', aufgetaucht, welches 2012 (!) bei der Aufnahme in ein 'Zeugenschutzprogramm' der NSU-Untersuchung übergeben wurde und auf dem sich zahlreiche Bild-Dateien und Kontakte befinden - 6 July 2016: Anti-immigration party AfD plunged into a leadership crisis over Holocaust denial and antisemitic views expressed by one of its MPs - 13 July 2016: A group of young men left a black man bloodied and unconscious after he tried to stop them harassing some Somalis in Munich - 16 August 2016: Berlin authorities must cancel contracts with Pewobe company that runs nine homes for asylum seekers after leaked emails showed managers including a former DVU member joking about executing refugees, suggesting to invest a €5,000 donation from BMW in 'a small guillotine for children' and joking that disposing of the bodies would require a 'large-volume crematorium' - 27 September 2016: Police suspect a 'xenophobic motive’ after two improvised explosive devices detonated outside a mosque and congress centre in Dresden on Monday - 7 October: A group of young people in eastern Germany's Sebnitz threatened three Syrian refugee children with a knife and hit them before chanting right-wing slogans, police said - 20 October 2016: Police officer dies from injuries after being shot by Neo-Nazi 'Reichsbürger' extremist - 23 October 2016: As police and fire officers tried to persuade a Somali boy not to jump, onlookers were spending a long time, watching and calling on the migrant teen to leap from an apartment block in German town of Schmoelln and to suffer fatal injuries - 31 October 2016: Two weeks after a 'Reichsbürger' Neo-Nazi killed an officer during a police raid, German police are investigating within their own ranks for links to the extremist movement with the largest number of cases in Bavaria and Saxony-Anhalt
January/February 2018: 2 janvier 2018: La responsable du parti Alternative pour l'Allemagne a vu son tweet retiré des réseaux sociaux après avoir comparé les réfugiés à des 'hordes de barbares' - 22 February 2018: Germany's AfD set to embrace anti-Islam and neonazi-linked Pegida, as latest INSA poll this week showed the AfD on 16%, overtaking the SPD for the first time - 22 February 2018: A German-Russian dual national has been arrested and accused of 'politically motivated' attempted murder after he attacked three asylum seekers with a knife in Heilbronn - 27 February 2018: In a vote on Monday night, the local council in southwestern Germany's Herxheim near Heidelberg decided by 10 votes to 3 that a Nazi-era bell, complete with the inscription 'Everything for the Fatherland - Adolf Hitler', should continue to hang in the local church, as councilors said the bell, which also bears a swastika, should serve as a force for reconciliation and a memorial against violence and injustice
Terrorism in Germany: Terrorism in Germany
In the wake of the hostage-taking, public criticism of the Olympic Committee's decision to continue the games, but about 80,000 people who filled Munich's Olympic Stadium for a West German football match carried noisemakers, waved flags, and when several spectators unfurled a banner reading '17 dead, already forgotten?' security officers removed the sign and expelled those responsible from the grounds, the remaining members of the Israeli team withdrew from the Games and left Munich after a memorial service with the notorious Brundage - Accusation of German foreknowledge of the attack, revealed since 2012 - 1 December 2015: In 1992 the lawyer Mr. Zeltzer and Ms. Spitzer, the widow of the fencing coach Andre Spitzer, pressured the German government into releasing the file, which included the photographs 1972 Munich Olympic massacre's victims - 2 December 2015: Horrific new details emerge about the 1972 Munich Olympics massacre, as Israeli athletes were beaten until their bones snapped and one man was castrated by Palestinian terrorists
May 1993 Solingen arson attack: 28 May 1993 Solingen arson attack
22 July 2016 Munich shooting: 22 July 2016 Munich shooting - 22 July 2016: Munich police warned people to avoid public places as they hunted for the shooter who opened fire at a shopping mall, killing at least eight people and wounding others - 23 July: 18-year-old German-Iranian from Munich kills 9 people then himself in Munich terror rampage - 23 July: Munich attack reports, live updated by British newspaper - 24 July: 18-year-old Ali Sonboly from Munich, who killed nine people mostly teenagers including three children from Turkey, three ethnic Albanians from Kosovo and at least one Greek teenager, was reportedly obsessed with mass killings, played computer shooting games and was interested in the Neo-Nazi terrorist Anders Breivik, who murdered 77 mostly young people on 22 July 2011 targeting an AUF camp, and whose face was used by Sonboly as his profile picture on the WhatsApp messaging service - 24 July: Police arrest a 16-year-old Afghan youth on suspicion of a connection to the killing of nine people by Sonboly, as authorities confirmed that the gunman had written a manifesto before the attack without revealing any details about its content, and that he spent more than a year planning the attack and was able to buy a handgun on the dark web - 27. Juli 2016: Der Münchner Todesschütze Sonboly hat es Presseberichten zufolge als 'Auszeichnung' empfunden, am einem 20. April wie Adolf Hitler geboren worden zu sein, war als Deutsch-Iraner stolz darauf Arier zu sein, habe Araber und Türken gehasst und ihnen gegenüber 'Höherwertigkeitsgefühle' gehegt - 27 July: Police investigate Sonboly's targeting of people of foreign origin, saying the gunman was racist and a rightwing extremist
Political violence in Germany: Political violence in Germany
June 2019 murder of pro-refugee German politician Walter Lübcke: 2. Juni 2019 gewaltsamer Tod des Regierungspräsidenten des Regierungsbezirks Kassel Walter Lübcke - 9 June 2019: After neo-Nazi linked accounts on social media celebrated Lübcke’s death, drawing condemnation from across the political spectrum, detectives investigating the death of German politician Walter Lübcke have questioned a man in connection to the suspected murder - 17 June 2019: Identified only as Stephan E, with links to neo-Nazi groups, who once planted a pipe bomb outside a home for asylum seekers, is a suspect in the murder of German politician Lübcke, according to security sources - 26 June 2019: Stephan Ernst, a 45-year-old German man with a string of convictions for violent anti-migrant crime, has confessed to murdering a pro-refugee German politician Walter Lübcke
Murder victims in Germany: Murder victims in Germany
Human trafficking in Germany: Human trafficking in Germany
Violence against women in Germany: Violence against women in Germany
Rape in Germany: Rape in/a> Germany
October 2018 Freiburg gang rape, aftermath and trial: Oktober 2018 Gruppenvergewaltigung in Freiburg
Catholic Church sexual abuse scandals in Germany: Catholic Church sexual abuse scandals in Germany
Political corruption and crimes: Political corruption
Since 1945 Nazi tradition of intelligence agencies of Germany: List of intelligence agencies of Germany - Gehlen Organization established in June 1946 by USA occupation authorities consisted of members of the 12th Department of the former 'Foreign Armies East', numerous former SS, SD and Wehrmacht officers and carried the name of Wehrmacht Major general Reinhard Gehlen, head of the German military intelligence in the Eastern Front during World War II - Agency 114 of the Bundesnachrichtendienst BND was a main entrance for former Nazis - 26 September 2011: Wanted Nazi Walter Rauff was German 'Bundesnachrichtendienst' spy between 1958-1962 - Walter Rauff: Gas van engineering and mass murder - NZZ 27. September 2011: Bislang geheimgehaltene Akten des BND belegen, daß Walter Rauff wegen seiner Tätigkeit im Reichssicherheitshauptamt (Entwicklung und Einsatz von Gaswagen) 1958 vom BND eingestellt wurde - CIA-Akten 2006: Aufenthaltsort Adolf Eichmanns dem BND und CIA bereits 1958 bekannt - BND-Akten: Aufenthaltsort Eichmanns sogar schon 1952 bekannt - 30 November 2011: Investigators have found that in 2007 the German Intelligence Service BND destroyed files of 250 employees who had been in the Nazi SS or Gestapo
Since 1975 'Flick-Affäre' (not finished): Flick-Affäre seit 1975 (nicht abgeschlossen)
2007 Polizistenmord von Heilbronn: Polizistenmord von Heilbronn 25. April 2007
2011: Christian Wulff Kredit- und Medienaffäre seit 2011 - "Wulff-Affäre" seit 2011 - Wiki-Internetseite "WulffPlag" - 13 December 2011: German President Wulff denies lying over loan - 20. Dezember: Christian Wulff und das Geld seiner Freunde - verheimlichter Privatkredit, Anzeigenfinanzierung im Wahlkampf, Gratisurlaube - AFP 29. Dezember: Anzeigen gegen Stuttgarter BW-Bank wegen ungewöhnlich zinsgünstigem Kredit für Christian Wulff - 1. Januar 2012: Wulff unterschrieb BW-Bank Kredit erst unter öffentlichem Druck, macht schriftlich über die zeitliche Abfolge falsche Angaben und erreicht nur, daß die niedersächsischen Grünen weitere Aufklärung verlangen und eine Vorteilsannahme prüfen - 2. Januar: Wulffs bundespräsidiale Drohanrufe Mitte Dezember beim Chefredakteur der Bild-Zeitung und beim Vorstandsvorsitzenden der Axel Springer AG zwecks Unterdrückung von Presseberichten zu seinem Fehlverhalten bestätigt - 4 January: Germany's President Wulff rejects resignation calls despite his threats against newspapers - 5 January: Christian Wulff rejects a request of the 'Bild' newspaper to allow publication of a voicemail contradicting an account given by Wulff in a television interview on Wednesday - 7. Januar: Demonstration "Shoe for you, Mr. President" gegen Wulff am Samstag vor dem Schloß Bellevue - 10. Januar: Wulff verweigert die von ihm zugesagte Herausgabe der Antworten zu seiner Kredit- und Medienaffäre - 19. Januar: Razzia bei Olaf Glaeseker - bis Dezember Wulff-Vertrauter (Wulff: "Mein Faktotum") und Sprecher - wegen des Verdachts der Bestechung und Bestechlichkeit - 16. Februar: Staatsanwaltschaft Hannover beantragt Aufhebung von Wulffs Immunität wegen des Verdachts der Vorteilsannahme und -gewährung - 16 February: Prosecutors seek to lift President Wulff's immunity over the escalating scandal and the suspicion that he improperly accepted benefits - 17 February 2012: German president Wulff announces resignation amid allegations that he received financial favours before becoming head of state - 12 avril 2013: L'ancien président Christian Wulff inculpé pour corruption - 27 August 2013: Ex-German president Wulff to be tried on accepting unfair advantages - 14 November: German ex-President Wulff goes on trial over 'favours'
Since 1999 'Überwachungsaffäre der Deutschen Telekom': Überwachungsaffäre der Deutschen Telekom (seit 1999)
Computer crime, cyber spying and industrial espionage: Computer crime - Cyber spying - Industrial espionage - Cyber-attacks - Computer security
Corruption, white collar crime and scandals in Germany: Corruption in Germany
Arson in Germany: Arson in Germany
Since 1945 Holocaust trials: Since 1945 Holocaust trials
1942 - April 2017: 18 April 2017: The once-inaccessible archive of the UN war crimes commission, that was closed in the late 1940s and its use of the records was effectively suppressed, as West Germany was transformed into a pivotal ally at the start of the cold war and as many convicted Nazis were granted early release after the anti-communist USA senator Joseph McCarthy lobbied to end war crimes trials, is being opened by the Wiener Library in London with a catalogue that can be searched online - 23 April 2017: Citing recently released UN documents that show the Allies were aware of the scale of the Holocaust in 1942, Israeli PM Netanyahu says in a speech marking Holocaust Remembrance Day that this new research assumed the 'terrible significance' that 'the powers knew and did not act', adding that global indifference persisted and is persisting, as evidenced by the horrors in Biafra, Cambodia, Rwanda, Sudan and Syria
Judiciary and courts in Germany: Judiciary of Germany
Courts in Germany: Courts in Germany
Nazi tradition of intelligence agencies and list of intelligence agencies in Germany: List of intelligence agencies of Germany - Bundesnachrichtendienst BND's Nazi tradition
Foreign relations of Germany: Foreign relations of Germany
German membership of international organisations: German membership of international organisations
Since 1957 Germany and the European Union: Germany and the European Union
Foreign relations of Germany by continent and bilateral relations: Foreign relations of Germany by continent and countries - Bilateral relations of Germany
Germany/Afghanistan relations: Germany/Afghanistan relations
Germany/Africa relations: Germany/Africa relations
Germany/Albania relations: Germany/Albania relations
Germany/Algeria relations: Germany/Algeria relations
Germany/Angola relations: Germany/Angola relations - German campaign in Angola 1914-1915 during World War I
Germany/Armenia relations: Germany/Armenia relations
April 2015: 15 April 2015: Armenian genocide should be called what it was and the German government has a special responsibility, because German officers were among the accessories and accomplices, the Central Council of Jews in Germany says - 17 April 2015: Turkey has never accepted the term genocide for its war crime against Armenians, even though historians have demolished its denial of responsibility for up to 1.5 million deaths - 17 April 2015: SPD-Steinmeier avoids to say 'genocide' for genocide of Armenians, because his party supported World War I from German beginning to end and therefore the war crimes - 17 April 2015: SPD-Schulz disassociates himself from European Parliament's resolution recognizing the Armenan Genocide, because his party supported World War I from German beginning to end and hence the war crimes
Germany/Argentina relations: Germany/Argentina relations
Germany/Austria relations: Germany/Austria relations
Germany/Bangladesh relations: Germany/Bangladesh relations
Germany/Belarus relations: Germany/Belarus relations
Belarusian resistance during World War II: Belarusian resistance during World War II
Germany/Belgium relations: Germany/Belgium relations
5–16 August 1914 Battle of Liège: 5–16 August 1914 Battle of Liège, the opening German aggression in its invasion of Belgium and the first battle of World War I, the length of the siege of Liège may have delayed the German invasion of France by 4–5 days, railways needed by the German armies in eastern Belgium were closed for the duration of the siege and German murderous troops did not appear in strength before Namur until 20 August - On 6 August 1914 the German Army Zeppelin Z VI bombed the Belgian city of Liège, killing nine civilians, followed by night raids on Antwerp on 25 August and 2 September - Super-heavy howitzer developed by the German armaments manufacturer Krupp were used to destroy the Belgian forts at Liège, Namur, and Antwerp, and the French fort at Maubeuge, applauded by the German press and declared a 'Wunderwaffe' (wonder weapon)
1914-1918: German war crimes since 1914 German invasion and 1914-1918 occupation of Belgium against 1839 Treaty of London - 1839 Treaty of London - the European powers recognized and guaranteed the independence and neutrality of Belgium, article VII required Belgium to remain perpetually neutral, and by implication committed the signatory powers to guard that neutrality in the event of invasion - In August 1914, Ebert led the Social Democratic Party to vote almost unanimously in favour of war loans - German war crimes World War I - Chemical weapons in World War I - April/May 1915 Second Battle of Ypres - Germany used the first time poison gas on a large scale on the Western Front - By 1916 the German Empire had become a military dictatorship under the control of Hindenburg and Ludendorff - The total number of military and civilian casualties in World War I was over 38 million, over 17 million deaths and 20 million wounded, including about 11 million military personnel and about 7 million civilians, the Allies lost about 6 million military personnel while the so-called Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and Turkey) lost about 4 million, at least 2 million died from diseases and 6 million went missing, presumed dead
Germany/Brazil relations: Germany/Brazil relations
Germany/Bulgaria relations: Germany/Bulgaria relations
1939-1945 World War II and Anti-Comintern Pact: World War II and Anti-Comintern Pact
Germany/Burundi relations: Germany/Burundi relations
1939-1945 Burundi and German empire's World War II: Ruzagayura famine during World War II
1972 and 1993 Burundi genocide: Burundi genocide 1972 and 1993
1993-2005 Burundian Civil War: Burundian Civil War 1993-2005
Germany/Cameroon relations:
1911-1916 'Neukamerun': a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neukamerun">1911-1916 'Neukamerun' was the name of Central African territories ceded by France to Germany in 1911
Germany/Canada relations: Germany/Canada relations
Germany/Chile relations: Germany/Chile relations
Germany/PR of China relations: Germany/PR of China relations
1899-1901 Boxer rebellion: 1899-1901 Boxer rebellion
Germany/Czech Republic relations: Germany/Czech Republic relations
Germany/Denmark relations: Germany/Denmark relations
1943-1945 arrests and deportations of Danish Jews: Arrests and deportations of Danish Jews 1943-1945
Germany/Egypt relations: Germany/Egypt relations
Germany/Eritrea relations: Germany/Eritrea relations
Germany/Ethiopia relations: Germany/Ethiopia relations
Germany/Finland relations: Germany/Finland relations
April 1918 Battle of Helsinki, German invasion and starvation as a weapon in warfare: April 1918 Battle of Helsinki, as the German empire invaded Helsinki despite the opposition of Finnish White Army leader Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim who wanted to attack the capital city with his own troops, but the Germans including their Ebert/Scheidemann supporters had their own interest in taking Helsinki as quickly as possible and then moving further east towards the Russian border - April-May 1918 Battle of Lahti - Baltic Sea Division comprising two army brigades from the German Eastern Front, as Germany aimed in 1918 to establish a chain of satellite states in eastern Europe in order to provide raw materials for German industry and food products - Hunger as A Weapon of War in Eastern Europe during the period of World War I - Detachment Brandenstein, unit assigned to cut the railway between Helsinki and Viipuri
1939-1945 Finland's cooperation with Nazi Germany and military history of Finland during World War II: Finland sided with Nazi Germany - World War II and Anti-Comintern Pact - Military history of Finland during World War II 1939-1945
Germany/France relations: Germany/France relations
1914-1918 World War I: World War I 1914-1918 - First Battle of the Marne September 1914 - The Battle of Verdun from 21 February – 18 December 1916 was one of the largest battles of World War I, after the German 5th Army attacked the defences of the Région Fortifiée de Verdun and those of the Second Army garrisons on the right bank of the Meuse, intending to rapidly capture the Côtes de Meuse - In 1916 the German strategy was to inflict mass casualties on the French, to weaken the French Army to the point of collapse, therefore the Germans planned to use a large number of heavy and super-heavy guns to inflict a greater number of casualties than French artillery - In 1980, J. Terraine gave 750,000 Franco-German casualties in 299 days of Verdun battle, E.R. Dupuy and T.N. Dupuy gave 542,000 French casualties in 1993, H. Heer and K. Naumann calculated 377,231 French and 337,000 German casualties - German war crimes World War I - Chemical weapons in World War I - List of French villages destroyed in World War I - French World War I casualties
May/June 1940 German invasion of France during World War II and war crimes: German invasion of France May/June 1940 during World War II - Hitler's general Erwin Rommel and Nazi invasion of France and Belgium 1940, in 1961 the biggest German military barracks named 'Generalfeldmarschall-Rommel-Kaserne' - Hitler's general Heinz Guderian and Nazi invasion of France and Belgium 1940, after 1945 he advised on the re-establishment of military forces in West Germany - Hitler's quartermaster general of the German 'Wehrmacht' 1939-1944 - Allied casualties of the second German assault and war crime within 26 years include 85,310 French soldiers murdered (including 5,400 Maghrebis), 12,000 missing, 120,000 wounded and 1,540,000 prisoners (including 67,400 Maghrebis) - German Military Administration in France 1940-1944 - Vichy France 1940-1944 - German war crimes World War II - Oradour-sur-Glane in Nazi occupied France was destroyed on 10 June 1944, when 642 of its inhabitants, including women and children, were massacred by a German Waffen-SS company - French World War II casualties
Since July 1945 Place de la Bataille-de-Stalingrad in Paris: Depuis 7 juillet 1945 Place de la Bataille-de-Stalingrad située dans les 10e et 19e arrondissements de Paris, qui commémore la ville de Russie où les armées soviétiques remportèrent une victoire décisive sur l'armée allemande du 17 juillet 1942 au 2 février 1943, commandée par 'Generalfeldmarschall' Paulus et 'Generalfeldmarschall' Manstein, après la guerre accusé et jugé coupable de crimes de guerre et contre les civils, y compris son commandement à ses troupes de participer aux opérations d'épuration à Simferopol en novembre 1941, aidant au massacre de 11 000 civils Juifs, mais en 1955 le criminel de guerre devient conseiller pour la nouvelle Armée de l'Allemagne de l'Ouest, la Bundeswehr - 'Generalfeldmarschall' Manstein's war crimes, involvement in the Holocaust, and 1949 trial in Hamburg
1914-1918/2014-2018: First World War 1914-1918 centenary 2014-2018 - World War I memorials - 12 octobre 2013: Les commémorations du centenaire de la Première Guerre mondiale, qui devraient se prolonger sur cinq ans, ont été partiellement dévoilées à Blois - 11 November 2013: France remembers the Armistice that marked the end of World War I in 1918 after four years of bloody conflict that cost millions of lives - 29 mai 2016: Les africains, qui se sont battus dans les tranchées, et le centenaire de la bataille de Verdun de la première guerre mondiale déclarée par l'Allemagne - 29 mai 2016: Bayeux a commémoré le centenaire de la bataille de Verdun, conçue par le commandant en chef de l'Armée allemande général Erich von Falkenhayn comme une bataille d'attrition pour 'saigner à blanc l'Armée française' sous un déluge d'obus - 29 mai 2016: Cannes commémore le centenaire de la bataille de Verdun, la plus terrible bataille que l'humanité ait connue - 29 mai 2016: Cent ans après l'enfer de Verdun, François Hollande et Angela Merkel commémoraient la bataille de Verdun, une journée placée sous le signe de l'Europe dans un contexte difficile - 1 July 2016: Battle of the Somme centenary commemorations in France and in the United Kingdom - 1 juillet 2016: Près de 600 enfants - 300 Britanniques et 300 Français - doivent participer à la célébration à Thiepval pour célébrer le centenaire de la bataille de la Somme, la plus meurtrière de la Grande Guerre
Germany/Gabon relations: Germany/Gabon relations
June 1940: Le 7 juin 1940 les assassins de la 7e division blindée allemande sous les ordres d'Erwin Rommel, qui séparent alors les Africains des Européens, exécutent sommairement le capitaine N'Tchoréré, qui refuse d’être considéré comme un 'Untermensch', un 'sous-homme' - 1940 Execution of prisoners in France by Nazi Germany and by Rommel's 7th Panzer division alongside troops from 5th Panzer division, committing numerous atrocities against French and especially French-African soldiers, Rommel himself ordered the execution of one French officer, who did not have a gun - 27. Juli 2009: Die 'Wehrmacht' des nationalsozialistischen Deutschlands verletzte systematisch - in Deutschland jahrzehntelang geleugnet und verdrängt - die Genfer Kriegskonvention und verübte z.B. 1940 aus rassistischen Motiven Kriegsverbrechen, die der Historiker Raffael Scheck anhand von Dokumenten beschreibt, die belegen wie Wehrmachtseinheiten innerhalb nur eines Monats, zwischen dem 24. Mai und dem 24. Juni 1940 mindestens 3.000 schwarze Soldaten Frankreichs ermordeten, obwohl die sich bereits ergeben hatten oder verwundet waren und nicht mehr im Kampf standen
Germany/Georgia relations: Germany/Georgia relations
Germany/Greece relations: Germany/Greece relations
1941-1945 Invasion of Greece by Germany and Italy and occupation: Invasion of Greece by Germany and Italy 1941 - Axis occupation of Greece 1941-1945
Nazi war crimes and the Holocaust in Greece: Nazi war crimes in Greece - The Holocaust in Greece - Haidari concentration camp
1967-1974 Support for the Greek military dictatorship: Support for the Greek military dictatorship 1967-1974
Germany/Hungary relations: Germany/Hungary relations
Since 1936 Anti-Comintern Pact and World War II 1939-1945: World War II and Anti-Comintern Pact
Military history of fascist Kingdom of Hungary 1920–46 during World War II: Military history of fascist Kingdom of Hungary 1920–46 during World War II
Hungarian resistance movement of World War II: Hungarian resistance movement of World War II
Jewish ghettos in Nazi-occupied Hungary: Jewish ghettos in Nazi-occupied Hungary
Germany/Indonesia relations: Germany/Indonesia relations
Trade and investment: Trade and investment
February 2019 SPD congratulations to the Iranian regime: 21 February 2019: Congratulations to the Iranian regime, that seeks the destruction of the Jewish state, by SPD politicians including Germany's social democratic FM Heiko Maas, who appeared in a photograph shaking hands with Iran's FM Javad Zarif at the weekend Munich Security conference, Germany's deputy FM SPD-Annen, who celebrated Iranian regime's seizure of power in its embassy in Berlin, and German president SPD-Steinmeier, who sends 'congratulations to the most dangerous regime in the world', condemned by Simon Wiesenthal Center's Abraham Cooper according to 'The Jerusalem Post' - 26 February 2019: Germany’s Central Council of Jews joins criticism of German president over Iran telegram, as Josef Schuster says that 'routine diplomacy appears to have overtaken critical thinking', also rejected as 'shocking' by Human Rights Watch’s Wenzel Michalski
Germany/Iraq relations: Germany/Iraq relations
Germany/Israel relations: Germany/Israel relations
History of the Jews in Germany: History of the Jews in Germany
Since 1882 Aliyah (immigration of Jews from the diaspora to the land of Israel): Aliyah - immigration of Jews from the diaspora to the land of Israel since 1882
1914-1918: 2 August 1914 Ottoman German Alliance in SPD supported World War I - On 14 November 1914 Ottoman Empire declares an Islamic holy war on behalf of the Ottoman government, urging his Muslim followers to take up arms against Britain, France, Russia, Serbia and Montenegro in World War I - 1914-1918 German military commanders to the Ottoman Empire during the First World War were Otto Liman von Sanders, Goltz, Kress von Kressenstein, and more, compare the 'League of German Asian Warriors' affiliated to the NSDAP after the Nazi takeover of power in 1933 - 1914-1918 World War I Middle East's combatants were on the one hand the Central Powers, the Ottoman Empire (including Kurds, Persians and some Arab tribes), and on the other hand, the British (with the help of Jews, Greeks, Assyrians and the majority of the Arabs), the Russians and the French from the Allies of World War I, main campaigns include, the Sinai and Palestine Campaign 28 January 1915 – 30 October 1918, the Mesopotamian Campaign 6 November 1914 – 14 November 1918, and the Persian Campaign December 1914 – October 1918
The Holocaust: Holocaust - 30 January 2014: In a speech to the Reichstag on 30 January 1939 Hitler makes first call for Jews’ annihilation - German war crimes
2013: 8 April 2013: Thousands from across the globe marched solemnly at the former Nazi Auschwitz-Birkenau death camp to honour the six million Jews killed in the Holocaust during World War II - 18 avril 2013: Condamnés à mourir dans des chambres à gaz, les derniers jeunes juifs du ghetto de Varsovie 1943, ont au moins voulu choisir leur mort et mourir au combat, l'arme à la main, se souvient Simcha Rotem - 14 June 2013: Israeli PM Benjamin Netanyahu, visiting the former Nazi death camp at Auschwitz, says the Jewish state would act - alone if necessary - to prevent a repetition of the Holocaust - 27 June: German court dismisses bid to release full Eichmann files - 9 November 2013: Holocaust survivors, citizens and politicians will marks Nazi pogrom of November 1938 with vigils and tributes to the victims
2014: 28 March 2014: Palestinian students visit Auschwitz in first organized visit in a program, that aims to teach Israeli and Palestinian students about the other side's suffering in effort to study how empathy could facilitate reconciliation - Yom HaShoah 28 April 2014 - 13 July: About 1,000 demonstrators, most of them Palestinian, hold unregistered march protesting Israel's Operation Protective Edge - 16 July: Following its German sister company’s lead, the Dutch branch of Europe’s TUI travel giant has called off all tours of Israel due to the rocket fire there - 18 July: Anti-Semitic slogans chanted at Berlin protest against Israel's Gaza operation - 21. Juli: Eine anti-israelische Kundgebung in Berlin von palästinensischen und politischen Gruppen wie dem Hochschulverband der Partei 'Die Linke' ist am Samstag mit antisemitischen Parolen und dem versuchten Angriff auf ein Ehepaar aus Jerusalem eskaliert - 21 July: Germany's Jewish community is shocked by an 'explosion of evil and violent hatred of Jews' shown by protesters at anti-Israel demonstrations across the country chanting 'gas the Jews' and other anti-Semitic slogans during some pro-Gaza protests - 21 July: As wave of anti-Semitic rallies hits cities across Germany and anti-Israel protester chanted in Dortmund and Frankfurt 'Hamas Hamas Juden ins gas', Jewish community braces itself ahead of Friday’s Iranian-sponsored Al Quds Day March - 24 July: As death toll in the Gaza/Israel conflict rises, officials indicate that ceasefire may take time - 24 July 2014: Parents in Gaza and Israel do not want their children to grow up to kill or be killed in a senseless war that has no end - 30 July: In Israel, 79-year-old Holocaust survivor worries about her Gazan daughter
2017: 25 April 2017: Visiting Israel German FM Sigmar Gabriel says that it would be 'regrettable' if PM Benjamin Netanyahu were to refuse to meet him due to his planned meeting with groups critical of the Israeli army, but insists that he will not change his plans - 26 April 2017: German FM Gabriel met with groups after defying to cancel the meeting, shortly after the meeting one of the groups, B’Tselem co-funded by the FordFoundation, called on the international community to punish Israel for the continued occupation of the West Bank - 10 July 2017: Six people including a number of former senior public officials, suspected of corruption in the potentially fraudulent purchase of naval vessels, questioned as part of the ongoing investigation into the 'submarine affair', in which PM Netanyahu’s personal lawyer David Shimron is suspected of attempting to sway multi-billion-shekel deals in favor of the German shipbuilder ThyssenKrupp, which he represented in Israel
Germany/Italy relations: Germany/Italy relations
1936/1937 Anti-Comintern Pact and 1939-1945 World War II: 1936/1937 Anti-Comintern Pact and 1939-1945 World War II
29 June 1944 Civitella massacre of 244 civilians by german soldiers of the 'Wehrmacht', never charged in Germany: 29 June 1944 massacre of 244 civilians in Civitella was done by german soldiers of the 'Wehrmacht', never charged in Germany
Since 1945 'Schrank der Schande', 'Armadio della vergogna', 'LA MEMORIA': - LA MEMORIA - Armadio della vergogna - Schrank der Schande (staatlich versteckte Akten über deutsche Kriegsverbrechen)
2012/2013: 19 December 2012: At the presentation of a report by Italian and German historians on German war crimes against Italians, Italy presses Germany on conviction of former Nazis - 29 July 2013 and its truth: The murderer SS-Priebke and free man in 2013 said, that the victims - from 14 year old boys (today 83) to 75 year old men - were, in his view at the time, terrorists - 15 October 2013: Angry protests mark funeral of Nazi war criminal SS officer Erich Priebke in Italy - 16 October: Italy marked the 70th anniversary of the round-up and deportation of Jews from Rome's ghetto on Wednesday, amid turmoil over the burial of Nazi war criminal Erich Priebke and his Holocaust-denying final statement - 18 October: 90-year-old former Nazi soldier Alfred Stork sentenced in absentia by a military court in Rome which found him guilty of taking part in the execution of at least 117 Italian officers on the Greek island of Cephalonia - 19 October 2013: Nazi war criminal Priebke to be buried in 'secret location' in Italy
Germany/Japan relations: Germany/Japan relations
1939-1945 World War II and Japanese and German war crimes: 1939-1945 World War II - Japanese war crimes - German war crimes in World War II - War crimes of the Wehrmacht
Germany–Korea relations: Germany–Korea relations
Germany/North Korea relations: Germany/North Korea relations
Germany/South Korea relations: Germany/South Korea relations
Germany/Kuwait relations: Germany/Kuwait relations
Germany/Lebanon relations: Germany/Lebanon relations
Germany/Libya relations: Germany/Libya relations
1936-1945 and German invasion of North Africa 1941: World War II North African campaign 1940-1943 and German invasion
Germany/Lithuania relations: Germany/Lithuania relations
Resistance in Lithuania during World War II: Resistance in Lithuania during World War II
Germany/Luxembourg relations: Germany/Luxembourg relations
1959 Germany/Luxembourg Compensation Agreement for Victims of the Nazi Regime on paying DM 18 million: 1959 Germany/Luxembourg 'Bilateral Compensation Agreement for Victims of the Nazi Regime' on paying DM 18 million
Germany/Luxembourg economic and financial relations: Business in Luxembourg - Economy, finance and companies of Luxembourg
Germany/Malta relations: Germany/Malta relations
Since January 1941 German intervention: Since January 1941 German intervention
Germany/Mozambique relations: Germany/Mozambique relations
Germany/Namibia relations: Germany/Namibia relations
Germany/Netherlands relations: Germany/Netherlands relations
Germany/New Zealand relations: Germany/New Zealand relations
1914-1918: Military history of New Zealand in World War I
Germany/North Macedonia relations: Germany/North Macedonia-Yugoslavia relations
The Holocaust in Macedonia 1941-1945: The Holocaust in Macedonia 1941-1945
Germany/Norway relations: Germany/Norway relations
German occupation and the Holocaust in Norway: Jewish deportees from Norway during World War II - The Holocaust in Norway
1945-2007 NSDAP/CDU-Filbinger scandal: NSDAP/CDU-Filbinger-Affäre (1945 bis 2007) - Justizmorde als NS-Richter - 'Furchtbare Juristen' (mit dem Untertitel 'Die unbewältigte Vergangenheit unserer Justiz') behandelt die Verbrechen der deutschen Justiz in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus und die durch Übernahme von NS-vorbelasteten Juristen in den Staatsdienst der Bundesrepublik Deutschland verhinderte gerichtliche Aufarbeitung ebendieser Verbrechen - 1. September 2009: Österreichs Nationalratspräsidentin Prammer fordert eine 'lückenlose Rehabilitation' der Opfer der NS-Militärjustiz - Opfer der NS-Militärjustiz sind Personen, die von Militärgerichten (einschließlich Feldgerichten und Ersatzgerichten) in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus verurteilt wurden, während des Zweiten Weltkrieges haben Militärrichter etwa 30.000 Todesurteile gefällt
Germany/Palestinian territories relations: Germany/Palestinian territories relations
World War I 1914-1918 started by the German and Austrian empires: World War I 1914-1918 started by the German and Austrian empires
1908-1922 Defeat and dissolution of the Ottoman Empire: Defeat and dissolution of the Ottoman Empire 1908-1922
Germany/Papua New Guinea relations: Germany/Papua New Guinea relations
1884-1919 'Kaiser-Wilhelmsland': 'Kaiser-Wilhelmsland' 1884-1919
Germany/Peru relations: Germany/Peru relations
Germany/Poland relations: Germany/Poland relations
Since 1772 Prussian Partition: Since 1772 Prussian Partition
Since 1885 mass deportation of Poles by the German Empire: Since 1885 mass deportation of Poles from territories controlled by the German Empire
Aftermath of the First World War: Aftermath of the First World War
1940 German mass murder 'Außerordentliche Befriedungsaktion' in Poland: 1940 German 'Außerordentliche Befriedungsaktion' in Poland, a second stage of the Nazi German campaign of violence and mass murder during World War II aimed to eliminate the intellectuals and the upper classes of Polish society across the territories slated for eventual annexation, as most of the killings were arranged in a form of mass disappearances from multiple cities and towns upon the German arrival, and in the spring and summer of 1940, more than 30,000 Poles were arrested by the Nazi authorities in German-occupied central Poland, about 7,000 of them including community leaders, professors, teachers and priests were subsequently massacred secretly at various locations including at the Palmiry forest, the others were sent to German concentration camps
Germany/Portugal relations: Germany/Portugal relations
Germany/Romania relations: Germany/Romania relations
History of the Jews in Romania and the Holocaust: History of the Jews in Romania and the Holocaust in Romania - June 1941 Iasi pogrom
Germany/Russia relations: Germany/Russia relations
17 July 1944: 17 July 1944 Red Army reaches the Russian border, as some of the 57,000 German PoWs march through the streets of Moscow to demonstrate the success of the Red Army, amongst those captured 19 German Hitler-generals, before symbolically cleaning the streets afterwards - July 1944 Field Marshal von Rundstedt, at the time Commander-in-Chief in the West, had told Fuhrer HQ that it was 'time to make peace’ and Field Marshal Erwin Rommel, injured on the 17th July thanks to resistance against Nazi-Germany, sent his last report on the battle in France - Since 1941 German war crimes in the East under Field Marshal von Rundstedt's command, as Army Group South actively participated in the policies outlined in the Hunger Plan, the Nazi racial starvation policy, by 'living off the land', denying food supplies to Soviet prisoners of war and civilians, and as Rundstedt shared the general German Army prejudice against the 'Ostjuden', and killings took place with the knowledge and support of the German Army
Resistance movement against the Axis occupation of the Soviet Union during World War II: Soviet partisans, resistance movement that fought a guerrilla war against the Axis occupation of the Soviet Union during World War II
2014: 14 March: Germany warns Putin regime of further EU sanctions if it doesn't step back in its intervention in Ukraine - 14 April 2014: Senior French and German officials have warned that the surge in nationalism fueling the crisis in Ukraine, where separatists in the East are seeking to join Russia, echoes the ideas that led to World War I - 27 April: A German-led eight-member group of OSCE military observers accused of being NATO spies by Ponomarev, the self-proclaimed 'people's mayor' of Slovyansk, remains in captivity - 29 April: The German government has sought to distance itself from the country's former chancellor Gerhard Schroeder after he was reported to have partied with Russia's Putin despite tension over the crisis in Ukraine - 4 August: Germany suspends military exports of Rheinmetall to Russia
2016: 27 March 2016: Regarding how Putin's aggression in eastern Ukraine is portrayed in the media around the world, German journalist and former Moscow bureau chief of Focus magazine shares his thoughts in Ukrainian TV-interview on the impact of Russian influnce in the German media - 22/23 June 2016: 75 years after Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941, Ukraine's intelligence reports dozens of flights of Russian assault and reconnaissance drones, as Russian-backed separatist forces launched 46 attacks on Ukrainian troops in eastern Ukraine killing one Ukrainian soldier and injuring eleven overnight - 30 August 2016: As Russian regime's brutality in Syria and Ukraine continues and escalates, Germany's Merkel says 'I'm interested in lifting sanctions from Russia' - 20 October 2016: As French president Hollande uses the phrase 'war crimes', France and Germany allege to press Russian Putin regime to extend a pause in air strikes in Syria and halt the 'criminal' bombardment of civilians, Reuters reports
2014-2018 First World War centenary: First World War centenary 2014-2018 - World War I memorials
Germany/Saudi-Arabia relations: Germany/Saudi-Arabia relations
Germany/Senegal relations: Germany/Senegal relations
June 1940: Le 7 juin 1940 les assassins de la 7e division blindée allemande sous les ordres d'Erwin Rommel, qui séparent alors les Africains des Européens, exécutent sommairement le capitaine N'Tchoréré, qui refuse d’être considéré comme un 'Untermensch', un 'sous-homme' - 27. Juli 2009: Der Historiker Raffael Scheck beschreibt anhand von Dokumenten, wie Wehrmachtseinheiten innerhalb nur eines Monats, zwischen dem 24. Mai und dem 24. Juni 1940, kurz nach der Kapitulation Frankreichs, mindestens 3.000 schwarze Soldaten Frankreichs ermordeten, obwohl die sich bereits ergeben hatten oder verwundet waren und nicht mehr im Kampf standen - 1940 Execution of prisoners in France by Nazi Germany and by Rommel's 7th Panzer division alongside troops from 5th Panzer division, committing numerous atrocities against French and especially French-African soldiers, Rommel himself ordered the execution of one French officer, who did not have a gun
Since 1940: On 20 June 1940 Senegalese poet, politician, and cultural theorist Léopold Sédar Senghor was taken prisoner by the Germans in la Charité-sur-Loire and finally interned at Front Stalag 230 reserved for colonial troops, German soldiers wanted to execute him and the others the same day they were captured, but they escaped this fate by yelling Vive la France, vive l'Afrique noire!, and after French officer told the soldiers that executing the African prisoners would dishonour the Aryan race - 16 juin 2011: Le poète sénégalais Léopold Sédar Senghor raconte dans un rapport son internement au sein des camps de troupes coloniales de 1940 à 1942 - 21 juin 2011: Le sort des tirailleurs sénégalais pendant la campagne de France en mai-juin 1940, et leur massacre par l'armée régulière allemande
Germany/Slovakia relations: Germany/Slovakia relations
1939-1945 Resistance in German-occupied Czechoslovakia: Resistance in German-occupied Czechoslovakia
History of the Jews in Slovakia, the Slovak Republic 1939-1945 and the Holocaust: History of the Jews in Slovakia - The Slovak Republic and the Holocaust
1944-1946 anti-Jewish violence in Slovakia and Eastern Europe: Anti-Jewish violence in Slovakia and Eastern Europe 1944–46
August-October 1944 Slovak National Uprising: August-October 1944 Slovak National Uprising
Germany/Somalia relations:
Germany/Spain relations: Germany/Spain relations
1936-1939: 1936-1939 German involvement in the Spanish Civil War following the military coup of July 1936 against the Spanish democracy, with German dictator Hitler immediately sending in powerful air and armored units to assist General Franco and fascist Spain
1915 Neutral Swedish ship torpedoed without warning by German submarine: 13 March 1915: First neutral ship Swedish S.S. 'Hanna' torpedoed without warning and sunk by German submarine
Humanitarian efforts during World War II: Sweden's humanitarian efforts during World War II
2011/2012 tax evasion amnesty: 22. September 2011: Amnestie für Steuerbetrüger - neu ausgehandeltes Steuerabkommen mit der Schweiz auf anonymer Grundlage - 30. März 2012: SPD-geführte Bundesländer verweigern die Zustimmung zum Steuerabkommen zwischen Deutschland und der Schweiz - 31 March: Swiss authorities issue arrest warrants for 3 German tax inspectors doing their duty to chase German tax cheats - 1. April: Scharfe Kritik an Schweizer Justizbehörde und ihrer Haftbefehle gegen bundesdeutsche Steuerfahnder wegen deren Einsatz gegen Wirtschaftskriminalität - auch CDU-Finanzminister Schäuble in der Kritik - 11 July: France, Germany tax evasion inquiries target Swiss bank (Credit Suisse and UBS) clients - 11 August: Accusations that Swiss banks (UBS etc.) are helping German citizens dodge taxes grow - 12. August: Vorwurf organisierter Kriminalität Schweizer Banken - 25 September: Efforts by German inspectors to trace tax evader's money in Switzerland are causing tensions between the two nations - 23 November 2012: Germany's upper house rejects deal with Switzerland to tax German assets held in Swiss bank accounts - 12 December 2012: The Swiss-German tax deal designed to regularise the estimated €200bn of undeclared German assets hidden in Swiss bank accounts has finally collapsed
2015: 23 January: German companies reportedly helped the Syrian Assad regime (father and son Bashar) and Iraqi Saddam regime produce chemical weapons programs - 10 March 2015: A delegation of Syrian women attended the World Conference for Women held in Berlin and organized by the Iranian opposition - 8 June 2015: Despite Western sanctions, Assad's military forces and militias in possession of munitions from Germany, China, Egypt, Russia and USA (including cluster munitions used against many Syrian cities), leaked report claims - 20 August 2015: Syrian Coalition calls for sit-in in Berlin on 2nd anniversary of Ghouta chemical massacre, to show solidarity with August 2015 Douma massacre victims, to pay homage to the victims of the 2013 Ghouta massacre and to all victims of Assad’s war on the Syrian people, and to decry the international silence and passiveness - 14 September: First Syrians halted minutes after German checks begin enforcing again asylum rules, that had been relaxed for those fleeing brutal civil war - 10 October: Syrian Coalition and the Syrian community in Germany call to join the demonstration in Berlin on 17 October to protest against the Russian invasion of Syria and Putin’s support for the dictator Assad - 19 October 2015: Demonstrations in Berlin to protest against Russia’s aggression on Syria - 3 December 2015: Evidence of oil and food transactions, including items imported from Russia, between the Assad regime and Islamic State terrorists reported by German Foreign Ministry and Syrian officer - 4 December: German parliament backs plan to join USA-led anti-Isis military campaign and to provide support staff and reconnaissance jets, but Germans will not actively engage in combat
Germany/Tanzania relations: Germany/Tanzania relations
Germany/Togo relations:
Germany/Tunisia relations: Germany/Tunisia relations
Germany/Turkey relations: Germany/Turkey relations
Since 2 August 1914 Ottoman–German alliance: Since 2 August 1914 Ottoman–German alliance
1914-1918 World War I: On 14 November 1914 Ottoman Empire declares an Islamic holy war on behalf of the Ottoman government, urging his Muslim followers to take up arms against Britain, France, Russia, Serbia and Montenegro in World War I - 1914-1918 German military commanders to the Ottoman Empire during the First World War were Otto Liman von Sanders, Goltz, Kress von Kressenstein, and more, compare the 'League of German Asian Warriors' affiliated to the NSDAP after the Nazi takeover of power in 1933 - 1914-1918 World War I Middle East's combatants were on the one hand the Central Powers, the Ottoman Empire (including Kurds, Persians and some Arab tribes), and on the other hand, the British (with the help of Jews, Greeks, Assyrians and the majority of the Arabs), the Russians and the French from the Allies of World War I, there were five main campaigns, the Sinai and Palestine Campaign 28 January 1915 – 30 October 1918, the Mesopotamian Campaign 6 November 1914 – 14 November 1918, the Caucasus Campaign 24 October 1914 – 30 October 1918, the Persian Campaign December 1914 – October 1918, and the Gallipoli Campaign 25 April 1915 – 9 January 1916
2015: 27 April 2015: German government reportedly knew Ukraine flight dangers before MH17 crash in July 2014 - 7/8 May 2015: Amid deep divisions over Russian regime's aggession against Ukraine, Poland's president is leading international commemorations in Gdansk marking the 70th anniversary of the end of World War II, Ukraine's Poroshenko pays tribute to those killed in World War II and UN's Ban Ki-moon demands to protect future generations from war and conflict - 8 May 2015: UN's Ban Ki-moon and Ukraine's Poroshenko lay flowers at World War II memorial in Kyiv - 22 June 2015: Ukrainian President Poroshenko lays wreath in Kyiv to mark anniversary of Nazi invasion and in memory of World War II victims - 1 August 2015: Germany shelves Nazi crimes probe of SS-commander Michael Karkoc now living in USA, who commanded a unit in the SS-led Ukrainian Self Defense Legion accused of burning villages filled with women and children, based on wartime documents, testimony from other members of the unit and Karkoc’s own Ukrainian-language memoir - 12 August 2015: Researchers open 'neglected chapter' of Ukraine's Holocaust history, as investigation led by Patrick Desbois reveals that killings in western Ukraine were not carried out using the industrialised methods of Auschwitz and other death camps, but instead Jews were rounded up and shot, one by one, sometimes kicked or beaten to death, and no records were kept
Germany/United Kingdom relations: Germany/United Kingdom relations
Germany/USA relations: Germany/USA relations
1933/1998/2007: From 1931 to 1945 in the Brown House in Munich, funds for renovation of this NSDAP party headquarters provided by industrialist Fritz Thyssen, Hitler kept a life-size portrait of Henry Ford next to his desk, since Ford and Adolf Hitler admired each other's achievements - In July 1938 Henry Ford received the highest medal Nazi Germany could bestow on a foreigner, and James D. Mooney, vice-president of overseas operations for General Motors, received a similar medal - 30 November 1998: Major USA car companies Ford and General Motors scrutinized for alleged Nazi collaboration over their business dealings with Nazi Germany, embroiled in a debate that 'GM was an integral part of the German war effort' - 30 November 2006: How General Motors helped jump-start the Third Reich’s military machine - 5 May 2007: Hitler’s carmaker - the inside story of how General Motors helped mobilize the Third Reich
2013: 19 June 2013: Obama's arrival in Berlin, calling in his speech at Brandenburg Gate for a one-third reduction of the United States' and Russia's nuclear stockpiles - 30 June: US taps half a billion phone calls, emails and text messages in Germany in a typical month and has classed its biggest European ally as a target similar to China, according to secret US documents - 17 July 2013: German military reportedly knew about US surveillance programme - 21 July: Germany's two main intelligence services reportedly used NSA programme to spy on citizens - 3 August: German intelligence agency BND providing the National Security Agency of the USA with vast amounts of data about the telecommunications information it has obtained - 11 August: Germany intensively targeted by US surveillance programs, countries of greatest interest to the US are China, Russia, Pakistan, Iran, North Korea and Afghanistan, according to a document from the Snowden archive - 13. September: Verfassungsschutz spionierte für US-Geheimdienste - Maaßen stimmte zu - 17 October: The US Federal Reserve orders German Commerzbank to fix money-laundering measures - 23 October: Obama tells Merkel US is not monitoring her communications but did not deny reports that US intelligence in the past have listened to calls of Angela Merkel - 25 October 2013: Action wanted from US President Barack Obama, not just apologetic words, Angela Merkel says after EU talks dominated by allegations that the NSA had accessed tens of thousands of French phone records and monitored Angela Merkel's mobile phone - 27 October 2013: Since 2002 War-Merkel's phone reportedly tracked by US - 27 October: Obama was personally informed of mobile phone tapping against Merkel since 2010, according to USA intelligence sources - 31 October: German MP Hans-Christian Stroebele meets Edward Snowden in Moscow and says, he is willing to come to Germany to assist investigations into US surveillance - 6 November: Merkel's government wants Edward Snowden to give evidence in Moscow, not Berlin
2015: 3 May 2015: German PM Merkel joins Holocaust survivors to mark the liberation of Nazi concentration camp in Dachau by USA soldiers 70 years ago, thanking the camp's survivors for their work in telling their eyewitness stories of the horrors they experienced - 27. Januar 2012: Um als Zeitzeuge bei Schulbesuchen über seine persönliche Erinnerung an die NS-Zeit zu berichten, reist Abba Naor jedes Jahr nach Deutschland, da er - nachdem er in München auf der Polizeiwache in der Ettstraße einen deutschen Polizisten wiedererkannt hatte, der als Wachmann im Ghetto Kaunas Juden Flaschen auf die Köpfe gestellt hatte, um sie herunterzuschießen - heute in Israel lebt - 4 May 2015: German PM Merkel defends German intelligence cooperation with USA spy agency, also claiming once more that it is not acceptable for friendly nations to spy on each other and promising that her office will provide 'full details' about intelligence cooperation - 7 May 2015: German secret service BND reduces cooperation with NSA after NSA fails to provide clear reasons for each request for surveillance of individuals or organisations - 2 July: Germany summons USA ambassador after WikiLeaks publishes what it says is evidence of NSA eavesdropping on ministers - 8. Juli 2015: NSA hörte laut Wiki-Leaks Regierungsumfeld von Kohl bis Merkel schon seit den 1990er-Jahren ab - 16 July 2015: SS officer Oskar Gröning escaped prosecution in Britain nearly 70 years ago because of the USA’s desire, according to newly discovered UNWCC documents also revealing that the entire judicial process against Germans accused of committing war crimes was closed down after political intervention from above
2016: 14 September 2016: Bayer AG to buy Monsanto in a $66 billion all-cash takeover creating world's largest seed and pesticide company and making Europe home to the biggest player in GM crops even though it is mostly opposed to genetic technology applied to agriculture - 18 November 2016: Survivors of the SS St. Louis, the trans-Atlantic liner carrying nearly 1,000 Jewish refugees from Germany in 1939, rejected by the USA and Cuba and forced to return to Europe, urge world to treat immigrants 'as family' - 30 November 2016: Die deutsche Bundesregierung muss offiziell einräumen dass Ramstein schon lange wichtiger Dreh- und Angelpunkt für USA-Drohneneinsätze ist und ist durch ihre Kenntnis der Rolle der Basis mit beteiligt an völkerrechtswidrigen sogenannten extralegalen Tötungen und Morden an unschuldigen Zivilisten durch Drohneneinsätze
Germany/Vietnam relations: Germany/Vietnam relations
Air pollution in Germany: Air pollution in Germany
Water supply and sanitation in Germany: Water supply and sanitation in Germany
Natural disasters in Germany: Natural disasters in Germany
Floods in Germany: Floods in Germany
2002 European floods: 2002 European floods
Weather events and storms in Germany: Weather events and storms in Germany
2003 European heat wave: 2003 European heat wave
Wildfires in Germany: Wildfires in Germany


Greece - Geography of Greece - Demographics of Greece
Mining in Greece: Mining in Greece - Mines in Greece
Greek wine: Greek wine
Since 2009 timeline of the Greek economic and political crisis:
June-December 2011: 3 June 2011: Greece to get next aid tranche in July - 13. Juli 2011: Griechische Wirtschaft schrumpft stärker als erwartet - 22. Juli: Einigung der Euroländer auf Griechenland-Hilfspaket im Volumen von 109 Mrd. am 21. Juli - 12 August: Greek economy shrank by 6,9% in the second quarter 2011, year-on-year - 21. August: Griechische Wirtschaft schrumpft - Staatseinnahmen schrumpfen - Staatsausgaben steigen - Wieder Hilfsforderung der Regierung - 1. September: Griechenlands Wirtschaft schrumpft nach eigener Beurteilung alarmierend und Verschuldung gerät außer Kontrolle - 8. September: Griechische Wirtschaft schrumpft drastisch - Regierung veröffentlicht Liste der größten Steuerschuldner, die Staatsfirma OSE an erster Stelle mit 1,26 Mrd. Euro Steuerschuld, außerdem die staatlichen Athener Verkehrsbetriebe, 13 Fußball-Proficlubs etc. - 3 October: Greece to miss budget deficit targets in 2011 and 2012 - 15. November: Neue Regierung Papademos bekämpft Steuerhinterziehung - 24. November: Eine halbe Million Griechen mittlerweile ohne Einkommen - 29 novembre: L'Eurogroupe valide le versement d'un prêt de 8 milliards d'euro à la Grèce
July-December 2012: 9 August: Jobless rate climbed to 23.1 per cent in May from 22.6 per cent in April - almost 55 per cent of Greeks aged 15-24 are out of work - 13 August: The economy contracted by 6.2% in the second quarter - 25 September: Greece says it would need as much as 15bn euros if it were given a two-year extension to its bailout - 1 October: Economy will contract by 6.5% this year and in 2013 it will shrink for a sixth year, Greek government says - 11 October: Unemployment in Greece hit a record 25.1% in July, with the level among young people reaching 54.2% - 8 November: Parliament approves austerity package to secure aid from lenders - 12 November: Parliament adopts a 2013 budget that includes salary and pension cuts which the government has pledged would guarantee the release of foreign aid needed to stave off insolvency - 13 November: Greece's international lenders have agreed to give the country two more years to make the cuts demanded of it - 21 November: PM Samaras says the future of his country is in the balance after EU ministers fail to reach rescue deal - 27 November: Eurozone and IMF agree Greek bailout deal - 13 December 2012: Greece bailout funds due for payment after the government had bought back 31.9bn euros of bonds at 33.8% of their face value
June 2015: 3 June: Greece receives a bailout proposal and PM Tsipras heads to Brussels for crucial talks with EC - 4 June: Greece says it will bundle together €1.6bn of debt payments due to IMF and settle up on 30 June - 4 June: Unemployment stops declining as data for the adjusted Greek jobless rate pointed to 25.6% in March 2015 - 11 June: Unemployment has started climbing again in Greece, as it gained half a percentage point to reach 26.6% in the first quarter of the year, from 26.1% in the last quarter of 2014 - 11/12 June: IMF walks out of Greece bailout talks due to a lack of progress in narrowing key differences with Tsipras government - 14 June: Greece's latest reform package, ignoring latitudes, dismissed as incomplete, differences in fiscal terms amount to €2bn a year in permanent budget savings, EU's Sunday talks halted after less than an hour in Brussels - 17 June: Bank of Greece warns of 'uncontrollable crisis' without bailout deal - 19 June: Greek bank deposit outflows topped 1 bln euros in one day on Thursday, with the pace of withdrawals gaining speed since talks between the government and its creditors collapsed in last days - 23 June: ECB continues to fund banks, outflow eases - 27 June: Greeks lined up at automated teller machines to withdraw cash on Saturday after PM Tsipras called a referendum on EU aid proposals, hoping that ECB will further ensure stability of Greece's banks in its controversial financial support - 28 June: By not providing any more emergency liquidity assistance, the ECB is putting huge pressure on the Greek banking sector - 28 June: Greek banks shut for a week as capital controls imposed - 29 June 2015: Turmoil hits the financial world after capital controls imposed in Greece - 30 June: The bank shutdown in Greece and the imposition of capital controls have led to a halt in trade across the country
July/August 2015: 1 July 2015: Consumption apparently down 70%, tourism drying up and companies face struggle to pay for wholesale food ahead of 5 July referendum, as bank closures take their toll on businesses across Greece - 6 July: The number of business start-ups in Greece declined by 20% in the first half of 2015 on an annual basis, as 68% of new enterprises were one-person companies - 6 July: Local lenders are now just a step away from serious solvency problems after the ECB decided to increase the haircut on the collateral they use to draw liquidity - 23 July 2015: Greek economy will sink back into recession at a rate of 2.5% this year, with unemployment starting to rise again, IOBE says - 3 August 2015: Bank and finance shares collapse by as much as 30% as bourse reopens after five-week shutdown - 3/4 August: Manufacturing data reveals economy in shock, as Greek stocks fall for 2nd day - 10 August: Capital controls blamed for a new 15-year high in dismissals for July 2015 - 18 August: Unemployed increased by 2% in July 2015 - 28 August: Greece’s GDP shows 1.6% growth for the second quarter of 2015
2015: 6 June 2015: State debts have increased by 1.1 billion euros in the first four months of the year 2015, tax rebates, increasing revenue shortfalls (1 billion euros in May), and exhaustion of the state’s cash reserves illustrate the crumbling of the 2015 budget - 29 June: The imposition of measures restricting financial transactions accompanied by a total freeze in the payments of citizens’ obligations to the state, while there was also an impact on the payment of pensions and private sector salaries - 6 August 2015: As talks continue over proposed €86bn third bailout, Greek treasury says tax revenues fell 8.5% in a year, and public spending fell 12.3% - 21 August: Unpaid taxes grow at a slower pace in July 2015 - 9 October 2015: 'Tax evasion and smuggling are worth between 15 and 20 billion euros a year', Alternate Finance Minister Alexiadis says, as the SDOE is currently investigating 38,000 cases involving 1.3 million people and businesses - 25 November: In an effort to help the country raise tax revenues Germany gives Greece the names of more than 10,000 citizens suspected of dodging taxes with holdings in Swiss banks - 23 December: Following the delivery to authorities of a detailed list of thousands of individuals with suspect deposits by a HSBC whistleblower, large-scale tax evaders will be given one last chance to pay their dues to the state, Greek PM Tsipras says
June 2011: 7. Juni 2011: Griechenland - IWF setzt EU unter Druck - 8. Juni 2011: Entgegen Abmachung ziehen deutsche Banken Kapital aus Griechenland ab - 9. Juni: Griechische Regierung stimmt Sparprogramm von 78 Mrd. Euro zu - 15. Juni: Griechen tragen ihre Wut auf die Straße - 16. Juni 2011: Papandreou will Regierung umbilden - Griechenlandkrise: Nicht den Bock (Nea Dimokratia, Goldman Sachs etc.) zum Gärtner machen - 16. Juni 2011: Griechenlandkrise zieht Börsenkurse nach unten - 17. Juni 2011: Regierungsumbildung am 17. Juni - Venizelos jetzt Finanzminister - 19. Juni 2011: Abstimmung über Vertrauensfrage Papandreous am 21. Juni - 20. Juni 2011: Druck der EU auf Griechenland - Konjunkturhilfe möglich? - 20. Juni 2011: Zunehmende Ablehnung des Rettungsprogramms laut Umfrage - 22. Juni 2011: Papandreou gewinnt Vertrauensfrage - 22 June 2011: Greek government survives confidence vote - 22. Juni 2011: Regierung legt beschlossene Sparpläne in der kommenden Woche Parlament vor - 24. Juni: Eindringliche Kritik in der EU am Versuch der 'Nea Dimokratia', von der Krise zu profitieren - Im EU-Parlament Unterstützung für Vorschlag der Konjunkturhilfe - 24. Juni: Erste Einzelheiten des Sparprogramms - Steuern, Kampf gegen Steuerhinterziehung, Verkauf von Staatsbesitz - 28. Juni: Zweitägiger Streik und entscheidende Parlamentsdebatte zum Rettungspaket 28./29. Juni - 28 June: Greece protest turns violent - 29. Juni: Griechisches Parlament stimmt für Sparmaßnahmen - 30 June: Parliament passes second austerity vote (155 to 136 votes)
February 2012: 9. Februar 2012: Regierungskoalition einigt sich auf Sparmaßnahmen zu Lasten der Bevölkerungsmehrheit (Renten- und Lohnkürzungen, Entlassungen, weniger medizinische Versorgung) - Streiks und Demonstrationen - 9 February 2012: Greek austerity plans not ready, say eurozone ministers - 10 February: Eurozone ministers set three tough new conditions for the bailout deal for Greece - 11 February: Greece's cabinet approves fresh austerity measures demanded by the eurozone and IMF - 12 February: Tens of thousands protest as MPs debate cuts on Sunday afraid of bourses on Monday - 13 February: Papademos' coalition approves cuts in the night expelling 43 MPs amidst most violent protests since 2008 - 13 February: General elections announced for April 2012, hours after parliament approved new austerity cuts and protests raged in Athens - 19 February: Greeks rally against austerity steps
May 2012 Greek legislative election: Greek legislative election 6 May 2012 - 6. Mai: Ca. 9,7 Millionen Bürger sind zur Parlamentswahl aufgerufen - 7 mai: La 'Nouvelle Démocratie' prend la tête des élections législatives, le 'Syriza' remporte 15,5% à 17% des voix, devant le 'Pasok' - 8 mai: Premiers efforts échoué le président va confier la tâche de former un gouvernement à la coalition de la gauche radicale - 9 May: Syriza's Tsipras to meet Greece's pro-bailout parties - 10 May: Now Pasok's Venizelos in third bid for Greece coalition - 12 May: Greek socialist leader fails in bid to form government - 13 May: Greek president in last-ditch coalition effort - 14 May: The Democratic Left party in Greece says it will not join pro-bailout parties in a coalition without Syriza party - NZZ 16. Mai: Griechenland sieht neuen Neuwahlen im Juni entgegen - 17 May: Greece gets senior judge Pikrammenos as caretaker Prime Minister until next vote June 17
8 septembre: Des milliers de manifestants contre les nouvelles mesures de rigueur réclamées à la Grèce par l'UE et le FMI - 26 September: Main unions say they will bring Greece to a standstill today to protest against widespread austerity cuts - 26 September: Clashes erupted in the Greek capital after at least 50.000 people marched to protest against austerity cuts
November 2012: 1 November: As trial begins Costas Vaxevanis insists he was doing his job while ministers responsible for vetting the list for possible tax evasion did nothing for two years - 1/2 novembre: Le journaliste Costas Vaxevanis qui a publié la liste de la banque HSBC a été acquitté - 2 octobre: Le gouvernement grec fragilisé par l'affaire de la 'liste Lagarde' - 3 November: Rail system shut down by strike as workers protest against deeper government austerity measures - 6 November: 48-hour general strike across public and private sectors in protest at a proposed new wave of spending cuts - 7 November: Thousands of Greeks flood central Athens as parliament is due to pass an austerity package to win aid from lenders - 8 novembre: Malgré deux jours de grève générale et de manifestations le Parlement grec approuve de justesse un nouveau plan d'austérité
June/July 2015: 19 June 2015: Several thousand demonstrators chanting 'Europe! Europe!' rallied in front of parliament in Athens calling for Greece to keep the euro, as the country edged nearer to a default - 26 June 2015: Greek PM Alexis Tsipras calls referendum in July on bailout terms to settle before July - 28 June: With deputies from the far-right Golden Dawn voting with the Tspipras government and pro-European opposition parties voting against Greek Parliament approves referendum on 5 July - 28 June: EU executive publishes offer that Greek PM Tsipras rejected - 1 July: PM Tsipras reportedly concedes ground to get new deal with EU and ECB - 2 July: Greek government and creditors hunker down before Sunday referendum - 3 July: Thousands on the streets of Athens to support Communist Party, which staged an anti-government rally in front of the Greek parliament, saying Sunday referendum will not change things for the better - 3 July: Latest poll shows narrow lead for 'Yes' vote ahead of Sunday referendum decision, after finance minister said he will resign if Greek referendum votes yes to accept troika’s debt-bailout terms - 3 July: PM Tsipras urges people to vote no in Sunday’s referendum as capital controls bite and vital tourism industry sees tens of thousands cancel holidays in Greece - 4 July: Ipsos poll puts Greek 'Yes' camp narrowly ahead
July 2015 Greek economy referendum: 5 July 2015 Greek economy referendum - 1 July 2015: Greece's July 5 referendum does not meet guidelines drawn up by the Council of Europe, notably one recommending that voters have at least two weeks to make their minds up, the human rights watchdog says - 5 July: Split Greece teeters on the brink with referendum, facing fincance minister Varoufakis' so-called terrorists - 6 July: Finance minister Varoufakis resigns, after Greece has delivered a resounding 'No' to its creditors and European participants expressed 'preference' for his absence throughout negotiations ahead of an emergency eurozone summit on Tuesday - 8 July: Unless Greek government presents convincing details entailing more austerity as the basis for its third bailout in five years, all 28 national EU leaders are to gather in Brussels on Sunday in emergency session to discuss how to contain the fallout from Greece’s financial collapse - 8 July: After months of Greek government's second-rate theatre Europe has five days to find a shift - 10 July: Tsipras' government urges MPs to back bailout plan after it has submitted a package of tough austerity measures in an attempt to reach a €53.5bn bailout and avoid Grexit - 11 July: After PM Tsipras received backing from his MPs, Eurozone creditors meet to discuss latest Greek proposals and to decide - 13 July: After Eurozone agreed that Greece should receive a new aid programme, several national parliaments must give their approval, including the Greek parliament - 14 July: Greek PM Tsipras meets mutinous MPs as bailout vote looms, and eurozone is battling to find a way to provide 'bridge financing' to help Greece meet its short-term funding demands - 14 July: Parliament to vote as IMF warns Greece needs extra debt relief above bailout - 16 July: ECB and Eurogroup consider next steps after Greek parliament's 'Yes' vote - 17 July: Greek PM Tsipras has sought to rid his government of leftists who oppose further austerity, reshuffling his cabinet barely 48 hours after dissidents said 'No' - 18 July: Greece’s banks will reopen on Monday - 20 July: Greece’s bank branches are open for the first time in three weeks, but capital controls are still in place - 21 July: Chances of Greek bailout rest on MPs' vote on Wednesday on two laws, a banking reform law and an overhaul of Greece’s civil code - 23 July: Greek parliament approves next phase in bailout reforms and measures required to qualify for €86bn in loans - 23 July: As creditors return to Athens, Tsipras grapples with domestic challenges - 25 July: Greece edges closer to third bailout as it formally requests IMF help - 27 July: Talks between Greek government and technical teams representing Greece’s lenders began in Athens on Monday - 29 July: EU's Moscovici optimistic on third Greek bailout talks - 29 July: Former finance minister Varoufakis may face criminal charges over secret currency plan to establish an alternative currency in the event of the country leaving the eurozone - 31 July: Following talks on reforming the tax system and labour market regulations, negotiatons with EU and IMF continue in Athens to thrash out details of €86bn bailout
August 2015: 3 August: Greece and its lenders agree that pension reforms will affect only those who retired after the end of June - 5 August: Syriza' Nikos Filis urges to unite behind new funding agreement, saying the country wants a full bailout immediately rather than a bridge loan - 10 August: Greece reportedly closes in on third bailout deal after significant concessions made concerning spending cuts, public sector reforms and privatisations - 11 August: Following an agreement between Greece and lenders overnight, Greece closer to clinching €86bn bailout deal - 11 August: As bailout deal reached with creditors PM Tsipras calls emergency sessions of parliament to vote on measures, which will see further spending cuts imposed - 14 August: Greek parliament approves bailout deal despite government rebellion in all-night session, as figures from Finland, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands suggest growth in the eurozone will miss 0.4% in 2015 and as Eurozone finance ministers will soon be heading for a eurogroup meeting to sign off the €85bn Greek bailout deal - 17 August: PASOK refuses to back Tsipras in any confidence vote - 20 August: Greek PM resigns to trigger snap elections likely on 20 September
2016: 15 January 2016: Thousands take to the streets of the Greek capital to protest against planned pension reforms, as lawyers, doctors and others in professional attire joined the protest - 4 February 2016: Greece grinds to a halt in general strike over pension reforms - 12 February: Angry Greek farmers clash with riot police in Athens then paraded their tractors outside parliament, in their first big protest in the capital against pension reform plans after weeks of road blockades - 7 April: Greek public sector workers strike over pension reforms - 6 mai: Les Grecs sont en grève générale avant le vote de réformes visant à augmenter les rentrées fiscales et réduire les dépenses consacrées aux retraites - 9 May: With the backing of its 153 MPS Greece’s leftist-led coalition approves toughest measures yet worth €5.4bn in budget savings amid rioting - 22 May: Supported by 152 deputies Greek parliament approves a fresh round of austerity incorporating €1.8bn in tax increases, amid hopes the move will lead to much-needed debt relief when eurozone finance ministers meet this week - 3 October 2016: Greek police fire teargas at pensioners during Athens protest against Tsipras's austerity policy
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Greece: Greek society - Human rights in Greece
Demographics, ethnic groups and minorities in Greece: Demographics of Greece - Ethnic groups in Greece - Minorities in Greece
1941-1944 occupation of Greece by Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany and the Holocaust in Greece: 1941-1944 occupation of Greece by Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany - The Holocaust in Greece
African immigrants to Greece: African immigrants to Greece
Arabs in Greece: Arabs in Greece
Armenians in Greece: Armenians in Greece
Slavic speakers of Greek Macedonia: Slavic speakers of Greek Macedonia
2014: 1 April 2014: Migrants and asylum-seekers detained in Greece forced to endure deplorable conditions, often with devastating effects on their health, MSF says
2015: Rhodes Shipwreck 20 April 2015 - 5 June 2015: The numbers of migrants arriving on Greece's islands has increased sixfold since last year, piling more pressure on the cash-strapped government's services, UN says - 7 July: 19 people feared dead after people smuggler's boat capsizes off Greek islands of Agathonisi and Farmakonisi, as more than 68,000 migrants – mainly Syrian, Afghan and Iraqi refugees – have risked the short trip from Turkey to the Greek islands in the first half of 2015 - 27 July: As the people arriving in their thousands on Greek shores are refugees, not migrants and as Europe turns its back, the compassionate crisis response of local Greek volunteers, despite harsh austerity, puts the international community to shame - 11 August 2015: Greek police use fire extinguishers and batons to disperse desperate refugees, including young children, to Kos who were protesting about the length of time it was taking to process their paperwork, as large parts of the humanitarian response in Greece have been carried out by volunteers rather than the Putin-bootlicker government, unable to deal with the unprecedented influx, the majority of whom are from Syria and Afghanistan - 12 August: Volunteers help register migrants on the Greek island of Kos - 16 August: Hundreds of Syrian migrants on the Greek island of Kos begin boarding a passenger ship that is to house and process them, in a bid to ease sometimes chaotic conditions onshore - 17 August: Almost 500 Syrian refugees board floating reception center at Kos - 19 August: The unprecedented spike in refugee arrivals on Greek shores is pushing the resort island of Lesbos to 'breaking point', with some 2,000 people landing there every day, as Greece has seen around 160,000 migrants land on its shores since January - 24 August: One dead, six missing after refugee boat capsizes off Lesvos and as some 2,500 refugees, mostly from Syria, are expected to disembark from the Eleftherios Venizelos at Piraeus - 30 August: A 17-year-old migrant was killed during a shootout at sea between Greek port police and human smugglers - 6 September: A newborn baby boy found dead on Greek island of Kos after his parents reached the shores in a boat, as Greece is struggling to cope with a wave of refugees from the war in Syria, as refugees and migrants clash with police on another Greek island, and as the mayor of Lesbos' main town warns the island would boycott 20 September general election if the government does not address the situation immediately - 8 September: More clashes on Greek island of Lesbos, transformed by the sudden influx of 20,000 refugees and migrants, mostly from Syria, Iraq and Afghanistan in the escalating international crisis - 15 September: At least 22 refugees, including four children, died Tuesday morning when their boat sank off the coast of Turkey as they were trying to reach the Greek island of Kos - 24 September: More than 2,500 mainly Syrian and Afghan refugees, soaked and exhausted, reached the Greek island of Lesbos within hours on Wednesday - 30 September 2015: More refugees arrive in Greece from Syria, as a refugee reports that 'Assad's army are dropping missiles and bombs on us and on civilians, so I have to escape from Syria' - 16 October: Seven people have drowned including a baby and three children after their wooden boat and a coast guard vessel crashed during a migrant rescue operation off the island of Lesbos - 18 October: 12 refugees including children drown off Turkish coast, twenty-three people rescued as they try to reach Greek island of Lesbos - 24 October 2015: As Russian airstrikes push more migrants to flee to EU before borders shut and sea gets rougher, more Syrians risk deadly crossings to Greece after more than 502,000 refugees and migrants have entered Greece since the beginning of this year - 30 October 2015: Greece's Tsipras says he feels 'ashamed' amid migrant border chaos and deaths at sea - 1 November 2015: Eleven refugees, including six children, drowned on Sunday off the Greek island of Samos, adding to a string of migrant boat tragedies since Monday off the Greek islands of Lesbos, Kalymnos and Rhodes in which more than 60 people have drowned, at least 28 of them children, the vast majority Syrian refugees, women and children braving winter storms in a bid to meet men who made the journey earlier - 11 novembre 2015: Quatorze réfugiés et migrants, dont sept enfants, sont morts noyés mercredi à l'aube au large de la Turquie lors du naufrage de leur embarcation qui se dirigeait vers l'île grecque de Lesbos - 20 November: Video released by the Turkish Institute of Public Diplomacy appears to show a man on board a Greek coastguard vessel attempting to sink an inflatable raft, carrying Syrian refugees and migrants in Aegean sea with a lance, slowly taking water before it is rescued by the Turkish vessel - 22 November: Concerns are mounting in Greece that the country could have to deal with thousands of trapped refugees and migrants, after border crossings to Balkan nations to the north were abruptly closed, newly imposed restrictions in the Balkans criticised by UNHCR and UNICEF - 6 December: As thousands of people continue to arrive at the Greece-Macedonia border daily, small numbers of refugees and migrants who had been denied entry into Macedonia have opted to go back to Athens
2016: 12 March 2016: Despite six years of economic hardship in Greece, ordinary people have shown astonishing generosity in helping the 42,000 refugees and migrants stranded in their country, on the islands of Lesbos, of Kos, in Athens, in Idomeni and elsewhere - 28 May 2016: Protests grow as Greece's Tsipras administration moves refugees to derelict warehouses 'not fit for animals', as missing refugees after the closure of Idomeni including an undefined number of unaccompanied minors are thought to be living on the streets of Greek cities, hiding in forests or to have been taken by smugglers and as refugees heading for Europe are continuing to make the journey fraught with danger from north Africa across the Mediterranean - 19 September 2016: Thousands of refugees detained at Moria camp, one of Greece’s biggest refugee camps, on the island of Lesbos, have fled the facility amid scenes of mayhem after fires rapidly swept through the facility - 18 November 2016: Dozens of people have been driven out of a refugee camp on the Greek island of Chios after two successive nights of attacks by a far-right group
Central Greece Region: Central Greece Region
Culture and languages of Greece: Culture of Greece - Languages of Greece
Art in Greece: Greek art - Modern Greek art
Science in Ancient Greece: Ancient Greek science - Ancient Greek medicine
Ancient Greek architecture and sculpture: Ancient Greek architecture - Ancient Greek sculpture
Health in Greece: Health in Greece
Newspapers in Greece: Newspapers in Greece
Internet in Greece: Internet in Greece
EPT - Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation - 12 June 2013: Greek state TV and radio were gradually pulled off the air late Tuesday, hours after the government said it would temporarily close all state-run broadcasts and lay off about 2,500 workers as part of a cost-cutting drive - 12 June: Journalists fired from Greece's state TV and radio have refused to leave the broadcaster's headquarters, continuing Internet programming - 13 juin: Grève générale de 24 heures après la fermeture de la radiotélévision - 15 June: Greek PM Samaras offers to partially reinstate state broadcaster ERT after its dramatic shutdown this week sparked protests and criticism - 17 June: Greek top administrative court overturns closure of state broadcaster EPT, saying EPT could resume transmission until a new national media body is set up - 30 June: The EPT TV complex has turned into a unique experiment in self-rule where staff are working for free but with more passion than ever - 7. November: Frühere staatliche TV und Rundfunkanstalt EPT, nach Entlassung im Juni aller 2500 Mitarbeiter in eigener Regie weitergeführt, wurde von der Polizei geräumt - 9 November: Greek police, protesters scuffle at shut public broadcaster
Ancient Greek religion and mythology: Ancient Greek religion - Ancient Greek religion and mythology
Christianity in Greece: Christianity in Greece
Crime in Greece: Crime in Greece
18 September 2013 Pavlos Fyssas stabbed to death: Death of Pavlos Fyssas 18 September 2013 - 18 September 2013: Greek Golden Dawn member arrested over murder of leftwing musician and anti-fascist activist Pavlos Fyssas - 23 septembre: La Grèce fait la chasse aux policiers soupçonnés de collusion avec Aube dorée - 25 September: Thousands of Greeks on the streets to denounce the murder of a musician stabbed to death by a member of the far-right Golden Dawn, as a government inquiry presented evidence of widespread infiltration of security forces by Golden Dawn - 26 septembre: Attaque contre un journal accusé de soutenir des néonazis, ne causant que des dégâts matériels - 28 September: Greek police arrested several members of Golden Dawn, including its leader Mihaloliakos, on charges of founding a criminal organisation - 30 septembre: Des témoignages d'ex-militants d'Aube dorée et un rapport judiciaire mettent au jour de nombreuses 'actions criminelles' du parti néonazi grec - 1 octobre: Des responsables du parti néonazi Aube dorée devant la justice pour 'participation à une organisation criminelle' - 3 octobre: Le chef du parti néonazi placé en détention provisoire - 3 octobre: Un 3e député du parti Aube dorée en détention provisoire
Racism in Greece: Racism in Greece
Antisemitism in Greece: Antisemitism in Greece
Judiciary and judicial system of Greece: Judiciary of Greece - Judicial system of Greece
Since 1834 Supreme Civil and Criminal Court of Greece: Supreme Civil and Criminal Court of Greece since 1834
Law enforcement and police force of Greece: Law enforcement in Greece - Police force of Greece
Police misconduct and brutality in Greece: Police misconduct and brutality in Greece
Foreign relations of Greece: Foreign relations of Greece
Treaties of Greece: Treaties of Greece
1967-1974 foreign support for the Greek military dictatorship: Foreign support for the Greek military dictatorship 1967-1974
Greece/European Union relations: Greece/European Union relations
2015: 16 February 2015: Greece bailout talks in Brussels break down after Athens rejects 'unacceptable' eurozone demands - 17 February: Pressure mounting to break the deadlock over Greece's loan programme, after Monday night’s talks collapsed - 19 February: Greece submits request to extend its bailout deal for another six months, triggering an emergency meeting of eurozone finance ministers - 20 February: Eurozone ministers gather for crucial Greece talks - 21 February: Greece and eurozone creditors reach deal on loan as Greek government commits to unspecified reforms over the coming months, winning time to tackle tax fraud, corruption and other crimes against the Greek people - 24 February: Greek government submits economic reform plan to European Commission, reportedly outlining plans to raise billions of euros by tackling tax evasion, corruption, and smuggling - 24 February: Prosposed Greek reforms win conditional approval in Brussels for four months extension of rescue package - 28 May 2015: Greek bailout talks loom over G7 meeting - 11 June: Hollande, Merkel and Tsipras agree that negotiations between Greece and its creditors must be intensified to reach a deal to avert a Greek default - 19 June 2015: ECB staves off collapse of Greek banking system with emergency funding, as Greece's PM Tsipras sides with Putin regime in Moscow for financial support, saying 'we are ready to go to new seas to reach new safe ports' - 20 June 2015: Russian pipeline project through Greek territory - 23 June: Eurozone politicians in Brussels cautiously welcome new reform proposals by Greece as a possible basis for an agreement, saying that there is still a lot of work to be done to reach deal this week - 27 June: Greeces in the eurozone looks increasingly shaky on Saturday after Greece's PM calls for a risky popular vote on eurozone proposals and ministers then reject a monthlong extension to bailout program - 30 June: EU's Juncker makes last-minute offer to Greece but Tsipras unmoved - 4 July 2015: Tsipras government's fincance minister Varoufakis accuses creditors of terrorism ahead of controversial Greek economic referendum - 9 July: Greek government seeks new EU loan to avert 'Grexit' and economic collapse, urged to deliver a detailed economic package - 12 July: Greece is being pushed by Eurozone to accept and implemen austerity measures and reforms, or get a 'time-out' from the euro - 10 August: Due to tax woes Piraeus Port Authority facing problems also concerning a 112-million-euro investment project, 95%-funded by the EU - 10 August 2015: EU approved the release of 474 million euros for Greece to boost its efforts to deal with undocumented immigration and asylum applications, but the funds cannot be disbursed as Greek authorities have yet to set up a service for the management of EU subsidies for immigration - 20 August: Greece made a crucial 3.2 billion euro debt repayment to the European Central Bank using newly released bailout funds, after the program cleared its final hurdles on Wednesday also by the ESM
Greece/United Nations relations, UN Security Council resolutions concerning Greece (UN member state since October 1945): United Nations Security Council resolutions concerning Greece
Bilateral relations of Greece: Bilateral relations of Greece
Greece/Canada relations: Greece/Canada relations
Greece/Germany relations: Greece/Germany relations
1941-1945 Invasion of Greece by Germany and Italy and occupation: Invasion of Greece by Germany and Italy 1941 - Axis occupation of Greece 1941-1945
Nazi war crimes and the Holocaust in Greece: Nazi war crimes in Greece - The Holocaust in Greece - Haidari concentration camp
1967-1974 Support for the Greek military dictatorship: Support for the Greek military dictatorship 1967-1974
Greece/Hungary relations: Greece/Hungary relations
Greece/Latvia relations: Greece/Latvia relations
Greece/Lithuania relations: Greece/Lithuania relations
Greece/Netherlands relations: Greece/Netherlands relations
Greece/New Zealand relations: Greece/New Zealand relations
Greek New Zealanders: Greek New Zealanders
Greece/Pakistan relations: Greece/Pakistan relations
Greece/Serbia relations: Greece/Serbia relations
Greece/Turkey relations: Greece/Turkey relations
Since 1952 Greece's and Turkey's NATO membership: Greece's and Turkey's NATO membership since February 1952
2014-2016 International and European refugee and migrant crisis: 2014-2016 International and European refugee and migrant crisis
Greece/United Kingdom relations: Greece/United Kingdom relations
Greece/USA relations: Greece/USA relations
Environmental issues in Greece: Environmental issues in Greece
Natural disasters in Greece: Natural disasters in Greece
Earthquakes in Greece: Earthquakes in Greece
Forest fires in Greece: Fires in Greece
July 2018 Attica wildfires and aftermath: July 2018 Attica wildfires - 24 July 2018: At least 50 people have been killed, scores more injured and almost 700 others rescued from the sea after a devastating wildfire swept through a small resort town near Athens - 27 July 2018: 5 days after devastating wildfires decimated seaside communities outside Athens, leaving 87 dead and countless missing, PM Alexis Tsipras has assumed political responsibility for the disaster, saying he is determined to deal with the chronic problems that triggered the tragedy, starting with illegal construction and society’s abuse of the natural environment - 28 July 2018: As the death toll reaches 88, the head of the fire service union Dimitris Stathopoulos says the government made thousands of small mistakes that led to the unprecedented number of fatalities - 1 August 2018: The first lawsuit was filed against authorities blamed for the loss of life in Greece’s catastrophic wildfires that killed 91 people, as the government submitted legislation outlining financial relief for victims
Weather events and floods in Greece: Weather events in Greece


Hungary - Geography of Hungary - History of Hungary - Demographics of Hungary
Companies of Hungary by industry: Companies of Hungary by industry
Hungarian wine: Hungarian wine
Transport in Hungary: Transport in Hungary
Tourism in Hungary: Tourism in Hungary
Taxation in Hungary: Taxation in Hungary
Elections and politics in Hungary: Elections in Hungary - National Assembly of Hungary
2012 Hungarian presidential election: Hungarian presidential election 2 May 2012
May 2014 Hungarian European Parliament election: Hungarian European Parliament election 25 May 2014
March 2017 Hungarian presidential election: 13 March 2017 Hungarian indirect presidential election
April 2018 Hungarian parliamentary election: 8 April 2018 Hungarian parliamentary election - 9 April 2018: Orban's ruling Fidesz party re-elected on Sunday for a third successive term with preliminary results showing Orban possibly gaining strong mandate - 9 April 2018: OSCE monitors deliver a damning verdict on the parliamentary election in Hungary, complaining of 'intimidating and xenophobic rhetoric, media bias and opaque campaign financing' - 13 April 2018: Hungarian journalists admit role in forging anti-migrant 'atmosphere of fear' ahead of Victor Orbán’s election victory this week, as the 'Guardian' spoke to several employees of the taxpayer-funded MTVA network to hear the inside story of how its channels pumped out government messaging, and at times false stories, with the goal of winning support for Orban's anti-immigration message
May 2019 European Parliament election in Hungary: 26 May 2019 European Parliament election in Hungary
Social movements and protests: Protests in Hungary - 2006 protests in Hungary
2015: 3 January 2015: Thousands of Hungarians protested at what they see as the country's move towards Russian regime in the latest demonstration against the government of controversial PM Orban - 1 February: Thousands of protesters demand ouster of government, complain about premier's dealings with Putin - 17 February: Several thousand people marched in central Budapest to protest Putin's visit to Hungary - 13 April: A day after several thousand people rallied in Budapest to commemorate the hundreds of thousands of Hungarian Jews killed during the Holocaust, far-right Jobbik party wins first seat amid anti-Semitism rise - 29 August 2015: Residents of Budapest and migrants camping around the Eastern railway station lit candles in memory of those migrants or refugees who died in a truck discovered in Austria near the Hungarian border - 14 December: Several hundred people including a USA envoy joined a protest organized by Jewish groups in Hungary against a planned statue of World War II-era politician Homan, who helped legislate against Jews and called for their deportation during Holocaust
December 2018 protests: 13 December 2018: Protests have broken out in Hungary after the country's parliament passed new labour laws, meaning that companies can demand up to 400 hours of overtime a year and delay payment for it for three years - 16 December 2018: Anti-government demonstrations in Budapest on Friday ended in clashes for a consecutive third night between police and protesters angry at PM Orban’s controversial new laws on workers rights and the judicial system - 16 December 2018: Protests prompted by the 'Overtime Act' and the establishment of the administrative courts overseen by the executive branch continue in Hungary on Sunday - 17 December 2018: After on Sunday thousands marched through Budapest ignoring subzero temperatures to register their discontent with the government in the fourth such gathering since protests began on Wednesday, MPs and MEPs at the state television headquarters demanded airtime to make a series of demands of the government, refusing to leave - 21 December 2018: A new wave of female politicians and protesters are offering an alternative to the Hungary PM’s macho politics - 22 December 2018: Thousands of people marched in anti-government protests Friday in Budapest, upset over labor law changes, increasing corruption and limits on academic freedom under Orban’s nationalist government
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Hungary: Hungarian society
Regions, counties and districts of Hungary: 7 regions of Hungary - 19 counties of Hungary - 174 districts of Hungary
Demographics and ethnic groups in Hungary: Demographics of Hungary - Ethnic groups in Hungary
Roma in Hungary: Roma in Hungary
Immigration and refugees in Hungary: Immigration to Hungary
2015: 31 July 2015: Hundreds of migrants fleeing war, poverty and upheaval in the Middle East and Africa, have been setting up camp in Budapest's metro stations as they continue their journey for survival in Europe - 27 August 2015: Budapest's main station is filling up with migrants and refugees as they attempt to continue their journey into western Europe - 2 September: Migrants and refugees stage a demonstration outside Budapest's main international train station as police blocked some 2,000 people from boarding trains to Austria and Germany - 3 September: People rush into Budapest Keleti railway station and try to board trains following the blocking and a re-opening of the station and an ongoing confusion in deeply divided EU, now waiting for a special meeting of EU ministers on September 14 - 4 September: Standoff between refugees and the authorities in Hungary continues - 4 September: Hundreds of Syrian refugees start sit-in at the main train station in the Hungarian capital - 5 September: Austrians greet thousands off Hungarian buses - 6 September: Ongoing divergent reactions of Hungarians in the refugee and migrant crisis show deep rift within a nation which itself has been torn apart several times by war and revolution - 8 September: Hundreds of refugees and migrants have broken through police lines on Hungary’s border with Serbia and are walking towards Budapest - 11 September: Refugees forced to scramble for food as policemen throw sandwiches towards desperate refugees at centre in Röszke - 12 September: Refugees rush to enter Austria, Germany before Hungary crackdown, as Hungarian PM says any 'rebellious' migrants would be arrested - 14 September: A record number of refugees and migrants surge into Hungary on Sunday ahead of the introduction of harsh new immigration laws - 14 September: Syrian refugees endure horrific conditions in Hungarian camps, living in Kiskunhalas camp outside of Budapest without food or blankets inside a fenced forest surrounded by police and army forces, with recent rains turning the forest into a pool of mud - 15 September: Hungary imposes strict new border controls in crackdown on refugees, as laws to criminalise refugees and migrants come into force - 17 September: Refugees and migrants accumulate at Hungarian border with Serbia after Hungarian regime brings in tough new measures, using use tear gas and water cannons and detaining dozens - 17 September: Thousands of refugees enter Croatia after Hungary's crackdown - 18 September: Hungary builds border fence with Croatia as Croatia closes border crossings with Serbia - 19 September: More than 4,400 refugees and migrants cross from Croatia to Hungary in 24 hours - 17 October 2015: EU-member Hungary closes its border with Croatia using barbed wire to block the path of desperate refugees and migrants to get to northern Europe, as dictator Assad, Russian, Iranian and Hezbollah terrorists commit more war crimes in Syria
Culture of Hungary: Culture of Hungary
Women and women's rights in Hungary: Women in Hungary - Women's rights in Hungary
Children and childhood in Hungary: Childhood in Hungary - Youth in Hungary
Schools in Hungary: Schools in Hungary
Internet in Hungary: Internet in Hungary
Human rights in Hungary: Human rights in Hungary
Political scandals in Hungary: Political scandals in Hungary
Crime in Hungary: Crime in Hungary
Human trafficking in Hungary: Human trafficking in Hungary
Corruption in Hungary: Corruption in Hungary
Man-made disasters in Hungary: Man-made disasters in Hungary
Massacres in Hungary: Massacres in Hungary
Transport disasters in Hungary: Transport disasters in Hungary
Law and legal history in Hungary: Hungarian law - Legal history of Hungary
Courts and judiciary in Hungary: Courts and judiciary in Hungary
Law enforcement in Hungary: Law enforcement in Hungary
Foreign relations: Foreign relations of Hungary
Treaties of Hungary: Treaties of Hungary
Hungary's membership in international organisations: Hungary's membership in international organisations
Hungary/European Union relations: Hungary/European Union relations, accession in 2004
Immigration to Hungary: Immigration to Hungary
1989 removal of Hungary's border fence with Austria: 1989 removal of Hungary's border fence with Austria
Hungary/PR of China relations: Hungary/PR of China relations
Hungary/Greece relations: Hungary/Greece relations
Hungary/Israel relations: Hungary/Israel relations
2012-2014: 17 July 2012: Hungarian president assures Netanyahu of his opposition to anti-Semitism - 5 mai 2013: Le Congrès juif mondial a entamé l'assemblée générale à Budapest en solidarité avec la communauté juive de Hongrie où les actes antisémites se sont multipliés depuis 2012 - 8 November 2013: Hungary Jews struggle with rising anti-Semitism, according to a recent EU Fundamental Rights Agency survey - 26 January 2014: Holocaust survivor and historian Randolph L. Braham returns award to Hungary in protest of country's attempt to 'rewrite history' - 27 January 2014: Hungarian President Ader addresses Holocaust after accusations Hungary 'whitewashed' past - 9 February: Hungary Jews call boycott of Holocaust memorial year accusing PM Orban's government of ignoring the sensitivities of survivors
Protected areas of Hungary: Protected areas of Hungary
Environmentalism in Hungary: Environmentalism in Hungary
Natural disasters in Hungary: Natural disasters in Hungary
Floods in Hungary: Floods in Hungary


Iceland - Geography of Iceland - Geology of Iceland - History of Iceland - Demographics of Iceland
Energy in Iceland: Energy in Iceland
Geothermal power in Iceland: Geothermal power in Iceland
Fishing in Iceland: Fishing in Iceland
Economic history of Iceland: Economic history of Iceland
2008-2011 Icelandic financial crisis: 2008-2011 Icelandic financial crisis
Politics of Iceland: Politics of Iceland - 1 juillet 2012: Réélection du président Olafur Ragnar Grimsson
2012 Icelandic constitutional referendum: Icelandic constitutional referendum, 20 October 2012
Social movements and protests in Iceland: Protests in Iceland
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Iceland: Icelandic society - Human rights in Iceland
Economy of Reykjavík: Economy of Reykjavík
Since 1911 University of Iceland: Since 1911 University of Iceland
Culture of Iceland: Culture of Iceland
Women in Iceland: Women in Iceland
Education in Iceland: Education in Iceland
Health and healthcare in Iceland: Health in Iceland - Healthcare in Iceland
Media of Iceland: Media of Iceland
Internet in Iceland: Internet in Iceland
Crime in Iceland: Crime in Iceland
Corruption in Iceland: Corruption in Iceland
Law and legal history of Iceland: Law of Iceland - Legal history of Iceland
Foreign relations of Iceland: Foreign relations of Iceland
Iceland/Israel relations:
Environment of Iceland: Environment of Iceland
Climate of Iceland: Climate of Iceland


Italy - Geography of Italy - Geology of Italy - History of Italy - Italian Renaissance 14th - 16th century - Kingdom of Italy 1861–1946 - Demographics of Italy
Economic sectors and companies by industry in Italy: Economic sectors - Companies of Italy by industry
Automobile manufacturers of Italy: Automobile manufacturers of Italy
Electronics companies of Italy: Electronics companies of Italy
Economic history and economic cycles in Italy: Economic history of Italy
Italy's economy in the 21st century: Italy's economy in the 21st century
Since 2010 Italian government debt timeline: Italian government debt timeline since 2010
Taxation and budget in Italy: Taxation in Italy
Elections and politics in Italy: Elections in Italy
August-December 2012: 7 août: L'Italie adopte une révision draconienne de ses dépenses publiques - 26 October: Four years in jail over tax evasion for Berlusconi, threatening that 'there will be consequences' - 4 octobre: Face aux scandales de corruption, Monti veut réduire le coût de la politique - 29 October: Apparently losing a regional election in its former stronghold of Sicily Berlusconi's party suffers a major blow following his conviction for tax fraud and his threat to topple Mario Monti's government - 9 December: PM Mario Monti has announced he would resign once next year's budget is approved - 22 December: Prime Minister Mario Monti resigns, elections likely in February - 23 December: On Saturday President Napolitano dissolved parliament and opened the way to election on February 24-25 - 23/28 December: Mario Monti 'available to lead pro-reform coalition' in Italy, now saying he is willing to be 'named leader of the coalition'
February 2013 Lombard regional election: Lombard regional election 10/11 February 2013
February 2013 General election and political gridlock: General election 2013 - Italian general election 24/25 February 2013 - 24 February 2013: Italians began voting on Sunday in a closely watched election whether a new government can pull Italy out of recession and help resolve the euro zone debt crisis - 24 février: La Lombardie, région décisive pour l’issue du scrutin législatif - 26 February: Hopes of economic recovery and stability dashed as election results show no coalition strong enough to form government - 26 February: Italy seeks path out of election impasse - 26 February: Italy seeks path out of election impasse - 16 Marzo 2013: Con 327 voti è stata eletta la presidente della Camera Laura Boldrini, con 137 voti il nuovo presidente del Senato Pietro Grasso - 23 March: Italy's Bersani looking for parliament support - 29 March: Weeks after winning a slim majority in the February polls, Pier Luigi Bersani failed to form a new government and to overcome uncertainty
April 2013: 18 April 2013: Italy's parliament has failed to elect a new president during a first round of voting - 20 April: Democratic party leader Bersani quits after both candidates he backed for presidency fail to garner enough votes in secret ballots - 20 April: Calling on Italian parties too to show 'collective responsibility' for the country, re-elected 87-year-old President Giorgio Napolitano agreed to stand for an unprecedented second term - 25 April: Moderate leftist Enrico Letta begins complex talks on forming a new coalition government - 27 April: Enrico Letta said he had won support of other parties to form a coalition government that will include PDL secretary Alfano as deputy PM and interior minister - 29 avril: Nouveau gouvernement italien Letta a annoncé la suppression des salaires des ministres également parlementaires
September-December 2013: 28 September: All five centre-right ministers in Italy's fragile coalition government resigned at the urging of convicted criminal Silvio Berlusconi, throwing the country into a fresh political crisis - 29 septembre: Président Giorgio Napolitano a déclaré qu’il ne prononcerait la dissolution du Parlement que s’il était impossible de trouver une majorité dans l’actuelle législature - 2 October: Italian PM Enrico Letta won a Senate confidence vote, after Berlusconi key allies withdrew support for him and Berlusconi himself reversed position - 28 September: All five centre-right ministers in Italy's fragile coalition government resigned at the urging of convicted criminal Silvio Berlusconi, throwing the country into a fresh political crisis - 29 septembre: Président Giorgio Napolitano a déclaré qu’il ne prononcerait la dissolution du Parlement que s’il était impossible de trouver une majorité dans l’actuelle législature - 2. Oktober: Bis zu 40 Senatoren der 'Forza Italia' wollen der Regierung Letta, entgegen Berlusconis Plan des Regierungssturzes, das Vertrauen aussprechen - 2 octobre: Le Sénat a voté la confiance au gouvernement d’Enrico Letta, après une surprenante volte-face de Berlusconi, qui est humilié après une fronde au sein de son parti - 12 December: Italian PM Enrico Letta wins confidence votes, vows reforms
May 2014 Italian European Parliament election: Italian European Parliament election 25 May 2014
March 2018 Lombard regional election: 4 March 2018 Lombard regional election
May 2019 European Parliament election in Italy: 26 May 2019 European Parliament election in Italy
May/June 2019 Italian local elections: 26 May and 9 June 2019 Italian local elections
Social movements, trade unions, criticism and protests in Italy: Protests in Italy - Trade unions in Italy
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Italy: Italian society
History of religion in Italy: History of religion in Italy
1593–1600 imprisonment, trial and execution of Giordano Bruno: Imprisonment, trial and execution of Giordano Bruno, 1593–1600
Human rights in Italy: Human rights in Italy
January 2019 Venice battles with tourism and flooding: 6 January 2019: Venice's battles with tourism and flooding reach crisis level
Culture of Italy: Culture of Italy
Italian cultural history: Italian cultural history
Schools in Italy: Schools in Italy
Health in Italy: Health in Italy
Health disasters in Italy: Health disasters in Italy
Hospitals in Italy: Hospitals in Italy
Football in Italy: Football in Italy
Newspapers in Italy: List of newspapers in Italy
Internet in Italy: Internet in Italy
Crime in Italy: Crime in Italy
Antisemitism in Italy: Antisemitism in Italy
Italian fascism and racism: Italian fascism and racism
Since 1922 Jews during the fascist era in Italy: Since 1922 Jews during the fascist era in Italy
Racism in Italy and antisemitism in 21st-century Italy: Racism in Italy - Antisemitism in 21st-century Italy
Organized crime and mafia in Italy: Organized crime in Italy - Mafia - Organized crime events in Italy
Since 19th century Sicilian Mafia: Since 19th century Sicilian Mafia
Terrorism in Italy: Terrorism in Italy
August 1980 Bologna massacre: August 1980 Bologna massacre
December 1985 Rome and Vienna airport attacks: December 1985 Rome and Vienna airport attacks
Corruption, white-collar crime and scandals in Italy: Corruption in Italy - Scandals in Italy - Political scandals in Italy
2013: 6 March 2013: An Italian clothes maker whose business was turned down for credit shot dead two civil servants and himself in the city of Perugia in an attack that the local mayor blamed on the crisis - 28/29 April 2013: L'auteur d'une fusillade devant la présidence du Conseil à Rome, alors que le Premier ministre Enrico Letta et les membres de son gouvernement prêtaient serment, 'voulait tirer sur des hommes politiques' - 26 July: Italian police have arrested at least 50 people in a big anti-Mafia operation in the coastal region near Rome and in Calabria - 20 August 2013: Italy’s financial police announced that it has uncovered nearly 5,000 tax evaders so far in 2013, who have collectively avoided a €17.5 billion bill - 30. August: Berlusconi-Getreuer Matacena, 2010 wegen Absprachen mit dem kalabrischen 'Ndrangheta-Clan zu fünf Jahren Haft verurteilt, geht der Polizei ins Netz
2012-2013 former PM Berlusconi sentenced to several years in prison for different crimes: Procedimenti giudiziari a carico di Silvio Berlusconi
2013: 1 March 2013: Former PM Berlusconi is under investigation on suspicion of bribing a senator to change sides in parliament 2006 - 7 March 2013: Former PM Berlusconi has been sentenced to a year in prison over the publication of leaked transcripts from a police wiretap concerning a political rival to be published in a newspaper run by Berlusconi's brother - 8 May 2013: Former PM Berlusconi's tax fraud conviction and four-year prison sentence were upheld on the first appeal raising demands that he should be barred from public office immediately - 9 May: A day after Milan court upheld his conviction in the case of tax fraud, prosecutors on Thursday filed charges against Berlusconi for bribing a left-wing senator 3.0 million euros to join his party - 19 June: Italy’s constitutional court upholds Berlusconi tax fraud conviction - 24 juin: Silvio Berlusconi a été condamné à sept ans de prison et une peine d'inéligibilité à vie pour incitation à la prostitution de mineure et abus de pouvoir - 19 July: Milan court finds Silvio Berlusconi's associates guilty on sex charges - 1 août: La Cour de cassation a confirmé la condamnation à une peine de quatre ans de prison ferme de Silvio Berlusconi pour fraude fiscale - 2 août: La condamnation définitive de Silvio Berlusconi à une peine de prison met sous pression la fragile coalition gauche-droite au pouvoir - maintenant Berlusconi est un criminel - 19 October: Milan court hands Silvio Berlusconi two-year ban from public office - 23 October: Berlusconi faces new trial starting on February 11 for bribing senator - 28 November: Silvio Berlusconi expelled from Italian parliament over tax fraud - 29 November: Italian court accuses Berlusconi of bribing witnesses in his paying for sex with a minor case
Human trafficking in Italy: Human trafficking in Italy
Disasters in Italy: Disasters in Italy
Judiciary and court system in Italy: Judiciary of Italy
Foreign relations of Italy: Foreign relations of Italy
Treaties of Italy: Treaties of Italy
Italian membership in international institutions: Italian membership in international institutions
Italy and the United Nations: Italy and the United Nations
Italy/European Union relations: Italy and the European Union
2012/2013: 7 septembre 2012: Naufrage près de Lampedusa - 54 immigrés sauvés, des disparus recherchés - 3 October 2013 Mediterranean Sea migrant shipwreck - 4 October 2013: Three hundred people were feared dead after a boat carrying up to 500 African asylum seekers caught fire and sank in the water off the Italian island of Lampedusa - 9 octobre: Barroso et Letta accueillis mercredi sur l'île de Lampedusa, par les huées et les insultes d'habitants - 11 October 2013 shipwreck - 11/12 October: Dozens of people died on Friday when a boat carrying around 250 migrants capsized between Sicily and Tunisia, a week after the 3 October 2013 migrant shipwreck - 14 October: Italy will increase patrols in the Mediterranean following the two recent disasters in which hundreds of migrants died while attempting to reach Europe - 20 October: A boatload of 254 Syrian and Egyptian migrants including 94 minors landed in Italy on Sunday after a perilous voyage through rough seas from Egypt - 25 October: Nearly 700 refugees including dozens of Eritreans have been rescued off Sicily in five operations, as leaders grapple with the issue of illegal immigration at a EU summit
2016: 30 January 2016: At least 10,000 unaccompanied child refugees have disappeared after arriving in Europe, 5,000 in Italy alone, according to the EU’s criminal intelligence agency - 5 February 2016: Tens of thousands Syrians flee joint Russian-Iranian-Assad offensive on Aleppo as regime forces fully encircle countryside north of major city and Russian airstrikes mount to 250 a day - 16 avril 2016: Le pape rentre de Grèce avec 12 réfugiés syriens - 16 avril 2016: L'association européenne SOS Méditerranée annonce avoir secouru 116 migrants ce samedi - 25 May: Italian navy saves 550 refugees as smugglers' trawler capsizes in the southern Mediterranean - 28 May 2016: The Italian navy has recovered the bodies of 45 people who drowned on Friday, while dozens of others are still missing in the third major tragedy in the Mediterranean in as many days
Bilateral relations of Italy: Bilateral relations of Italy
1890-1936 Italian Eritrea: Italian Eritrea 1890-1936
Italy/Bangladesh relations: Italy/Bangladesh relations
Italy/PR of China relations: Italy/PR of China relations
Chinese people in Italy: Chinese people in Italy
Italy/Eritrea relations: Italy/Eritrea relations
Since 1848 Italian empire and Italian colonisation in Africa: Italian Empire since 1848 - Italian colonisation in Africa
1890-1936 Italian Eritrea: Italian Eritrea 1890-1936
1936-1941 Italian East Africa: Italian East Africa 1936-1941
Italy/Ethiopia relations: Italy/Ethiopia relations
Since 1848 Italian empire and Italian colonisation in Africa: Italian Empire since 1848 - Italian colonisation in Africa
1937 Italian Atrocities against the native population: !937 Italian Atrocities against the native population
Italy/France relations: Italy/France relations
Italy/Germany relations: Italy/Germany relations
Italy/India relations: Italy/India relations - Indians in Italy
Italy/Iran relations: Italy/Iran relations
Italy/Israel relations: Italy/Israel relations
History of the Jews in the Roman Empire and in Italy: History of the Jews in the Roman Empire - History of the Jews in Italy
Nazi designs to bomb Jewish cities in Palestine, planning the Holocaust in the Middle East: 8 December 2016: Nazi designs to bomb Jewish cities in Palestine, planning the Holocaust in the Middle East
June/July 1940 Italian bombing of Haifa: June/July 1940 Italian bombing of Haifa
Italy/Lebanon relations: Italy/Lebanon relations
Italy/Libya relations: Italy/Libya relations
1910-1947 History of Libya as Italian colony: History of Libya as Italian colony 1910-1947
1911-1912 Tripolitanian War: Tripolitanian War 1911-1912
1911-1943 'Italian Libya' protectorate and colony of Italy: 'Italian Libya' protectorate and colony of Italy 1911-1943
1923-1932 Second Italo-Senussi War: Second Italo-Senussi War 1923-1932
Since 1938 Italy’s aggressive policies against Jews and the Jews of Libya during the Holocaust: Since 1938 Italy’s aggressive policies against Jews and the Jews of Libya during the Holocaust
Italy/Malta relations: Italy/Malta relations
June–December 1940 Italian aerial bombardment of Malta: June–December 1940 Italian aerial bombardment of Malta
Italy/Nigeria relations:
Italy/Serbia relations: SItaly/Serbia relations
Italy/Somalia relations: Italy/Somalia relations
1889-1936 Italian Somaliland: Italian Somaliland 1889–1936
1936–1941 colony of the Kingdom of Italy 'Italian East Africa': Italian East Africa 1936–1941, colony of the Kingdom of Italy
Italy/Spain relations: Italy/Spain relations
1938 Bombing of Barcelona: Bombing of Barcelona March 1938
2016: 29 January 2016: Hours after Italian authorities covered up nude Roman statues in order to spare the blush and not to offend visiting Iranian murderous regime's president Rouhani, Italy's obsequious, impertinent and unprincipled Matteo Renzi, visiting Berlin on Friday, and German chancellor Angela Merkel pledge to tackle Europe’s refugee and migrant influx but failed to resolve discord on an EU deal with Turkey to limit arrivals - 23 May 2016: Syrian HNC women hold high-level meetings in Rome, emphasizing the role of Syrian women in the future of Syria, while Italian officials stressed the need for international action to put an end to violence against civilians and to hold violators of human rights to account - 21 October 2016: EU fails to agree on threatening Russia with sanctions over Aleppo as push by Britain, France and Germany to address Syrian bombing campaign lacks unanimous support at Brussels summit
Italy/Tunisia relations: Italy/Tunisia relations - Italian Tunisians
Italy/Ukraine relations: Italy/Ukraine relations
Italy/United Kingdom relations: Italy/United Kingdom relations
Italians in the United Kingdom: Italians in the United Kingdom
2017: 11 November 2017: Italian prosecutors accused of mistaking a refugee for one of the world’s most notorious people-smugglers have wiretapped the conversations of reporter Lorenzo Tondo working for the Guardian who helped expose their alleged error, known since weeks
Italy/USA relations: Italy/USA relations - 20 September 2012: Italy's highest criminal court upholds the convictions of 23 Americans in the abduction of Egyptian Osama Moustafa Hassan Nasr 2003 from a Milan street as part of the CIA's extraordinary rendition program, paving the way to possible extradition requests by Italian authorities - 1 juillet 2013: Le 'Guardian' a affirmé que la France, l'Italie et la Grèce figuraient parmi les 38 'cibles' surveillées par la NSA - les Européens exigent des explications - 24 October 2013: USA reportedly spied on Italian government - 7 janvier 2016: 'Nous payons encore, 15 ans après, les conséquences de ce qui était censé être une guerre éclair pour éliminer la menace terroriste', dit le ministre des Affaires étrangères italien Paolo Gentiloni à l'égard de la soi-disant guerre de Washington contre le terrorisme
Natural disasters in Italy: Natural disasters in Italy
Weather events in Italy: Weather events in Italy< - List of extreme temperatures in Italy/div>

Kosovo - Geography of Kosovo - History of Kosovo - Battle of Kosovo 1389 - Austro-Hungarian invasion of Serbia (World War I 1914-1918) - World War II - Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo - Kosovo War 1998-1999 - Kosovo status process - 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence
Mining in Kosovo: Mining in Kosovo - Mines in Kosovo
Coal mines in Kosovo: Coal mines in Kosovo
Lead and zinc mines in Kosovo: Lead and zinc mines in Kosovo
Nickel mines in Kosovo: Nickel mines in Kosovo
Agriculture in Kosovo: Agriculture in Kosovo
Forests of Kosovo: Forests of Kosovo
Political parties in Kosovo: Political parties in Kosovo
1999-2008 Temporary administration of the UN Mission in Kosovo: 1999-2008 Temporary administration of the United Nations Mission in Kosovo
Elections and politics in Kosovo: Elections in Kosovo
2010 political crisis in Kosovo: 2010 political crisis in Kosovo
December 2010 Kosovan parliamentary election: Kosovan parliamentary election 12 December 2010
February 2016 Kosovan presidential election: 26 February 2016 Kosovan presidential election
Social movements and protests in Kosovo: Protests in Kosovo
2015 Kosovo protests: 2015 Kosovo protests
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Kosovo: Kosovar society - Human rights in Kosovo
List of cities in Kosovo: List of cities in Kosovo
Ethnic groups in Kosovo: Ethnic groups in Kosovo
Education in Kosovo: Education in Kosovo
Schools in Kosovo: Schools in Kosovo
Health in Kosovo: Health in Kosovo
Healthcare in Kosovo: Healthcare in Kosovo
Media of Kosovo: Media of Kosovo
Attacks and threats against journalists in Kosovo: Attacks and threats against journalists in Kosovo
Broadcasting in Kosovo:
Radio in Kosovo - Television in Kosovo
Internet in Kosovo: Internet in Kosovo
Crime in Kosovo: Crime in Kosovo
Violence, terrorism and war crimes in Kosovo: Terrorism in Kosovo
Destruction of Albanian and Serbian heritage in Kosovo: Destruction of Albanian heritage in Kosovo - Destruction of Serbian heritage in Kosovo
Since 1998/1999 Kosovo War crimes witness intimidation and deaths: Since 1998/1999 Kosovo War crimes witness intimidation and deaths
Human trafficking in Kosovo: Human trafficking in Kosovo
Law of Kosovo: Law of Kosovo
Judiciary and court system of Kosovo: Judiciary of Kosovo
Since 2009 Constitutional Court of Kosovo: Since 2009 Constitutional Court of Kosovo
Law enforcement in Kosovo: Law enforcement in Kosovo
Foreign relations of Kosovo: Foreign relations of the Republic of Kosovo
International recognition of Kosovo: International recognition of Kosovo
Treaties of Kosovo: Treaties of Kosovo
1999-2008 Temporary administration of the UN Mission in Kosovo: 1999-2008 Temporary administration of the United Nations Mission in Kosovo
Bilateral relations of Kosovo: Bilateral relations of Kosovo
Kosovo/Albania relations: Kosovo/Albania relations
Kosovo/Serbia relations: Kosovo/Serbia relations
Since 2008 Belgrade–Pristina negotiations: Belgrade–Pristina negotiations since 2008
Kosovo/Turkey relations: Kosovo/Turkey relations
Landforms of Kosovo: Landforms of Kosovo


Luxembourg - Geography of Luxembourg - History of Luxembourg - Demographics of Luxembourg
Road transport in Luxembourg: Road transport in Luxembourg
Financial companies in Luxembourg: Financial 'services' companies of Luxembourg
2016 'Panama Papers': 3 April 2016: Findings of a yearlong investigation by the ICIJ of the 'Panama Papers' (also concerning the British Virgin Islands and other offshore havens), a giant leak of offshore financial records, expose global array of crime, corruption, offshore holdings of politicians and public officials from around the world including Putin, Assad associates, the family of China’s Xi Jinping, the king of Saudi Arabia, Poroshenko, the familiy of Pakistan's Nawaz Sharif, people in more than 200 countries and territories (Jackie Chan, Lionel Messi etc.), people and companies blacklisted because of evidence that they’d been involved in wrongdoing and war crimes, such as doing business with Mexican drug lords, terrorist organizations like Hezbollah or rogue nations like North Korea and Iran, the support of Assad's barrel bombs, and involving major banks including British banks, German banks, banks of Luxembourg, Switzerland's UBS, Credit Suisse and HSBC Private Bank
Taxation in Luxembourg: Luxembourgish tax regime - Base Erosion and Profit Shifting - Luxembourg Leaks journalistic investigation conducted by the ICIJ, based on confidential information about tax rulings from 2002 to 2010 - 5 November 2014: Pepsi, IKEA, FedEx and 340 other international companies have secured secret deals from Luxembourg, allowing many of them to slash their global tax bills while maintaining little presence in the duchy, leaked documents reviewed by ICIJ journalists show - 9 December 2014: New leak reveals Luxembourg tax deals for Disney, Koch Brothers Empire, Microsoft etc. - 10 December 2014: Fresh allegations outlining the tactics Jean-Claude Juncker used when he was PM of Luxembourg to promote the country as the destination for multinational corporations - 1 January 2017: EU's Jean-Claude Juncker spent years in his previous role as Luxembourg’s prime minister secretly blocking EU efforts to tackle tax avoidance by multinational corporations, leaked documents reveal
Government of Luxembourg: Executive branch
October 2018 Luxembourg general election: 14 October 2018 Luxembourg general election
Society, demographics, human rights and culture in Luxembourg: Luxembourgian society - Demographics of Luxembourg - Human rights in Luxembourg
Education in Luxembourg: Education in Luxembourg
Health in Luxembourg: Health in Luxembourg
Media in Luxembourg: Media in Luxembourg
Corruption and white-collar crime in Luxembourg: Corruption in Luxembourg
Courts, criminal law and law enforcement in Luxembourg: Courts and Criminal Law in Luxembourg - Law enforcement in Luxembourg
Foreign relations of Luxembourg: Foreign relations of Luxembourg
Treaties of Luxembourg: Treaties of Luxembourg
Luxembourg/European Union relations: European Investment Bank
Luxembourg/UN relations: Luxembourg and the United Nations
Bilateral relations of Luxembourg: Bilateral relations of Luxembourg
Luxembourg/Belgium relations: Luxembourg/Belgium relations
Luxembourg/France relations: Luxembourg/France relations
Luxembourg/Hungary relations: Luxembourg/Hungary relations
Luxembourg/Portugal relations: Luxembourg/Portugal relations
Luxembourg/USA relations: Luxembourg/USA relations
Environment of Luxembourg: Environment of Luxembourg
Water in Luxembourg: Water in Luxembourg


Malta - Geography of Malta - History of Malta - Demographics of Malta
Water transport in Malta: Water transport in Malta
Tourism in Malta: Tourism in Malta
Taxation in Malta: Taxation in Malta
Political parties and trade unions in Malta: Political parties in Malta - Trade unions in Malta
Elections and parliament in Malta: Elections in Malta - Parliament of Malta
March 2003 Maltese European Union membership referendum: 8 March 2003 Maltese European Union membership referendum
European Parliament election 2014: European Parliament election 24 May 2014
May 2019 European Parliament election in Malta: 25 May 2019 European Parliament election in Malta
1 December 2019 Malta’s PM quits in crisis over Daphne Caruana Galizia murder: 1 December 2019: Malta’s PM quits in crisis over Daphne Caruana Galizia murder
Social movements and protests in Malta: Protests in Malta
October 2017 protests following the murder of Daphne Caruana Galizia: 16 October 2017: Journalists, politicians, private citizens, backers and detractors, all were quick to condemn the as-yet unknown perpetrators who murdered Malta's most known journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia - 17 October 2017: People gathered outside the law courts in Valletta this afternoon for a protest demanding justice following the murder of Daphne Caruana Galizia - 19 October 2017: Malta's journalists held a silent commemoration in Valletta today to mark their sorrow at the murder of blogger Daphne Caruana Galizia and to promise that the savage attack will not intimidate the profession - 22 October 2017: Thousands of Maltese call for justice in a protest held by a group of non-governmental organizations after journalist and anti-corruption blogger Daphne Caruana Galizia was killed last Monday
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Malta: Maltese society - Human rights in Malta
Regions, districts and local councils of Malta: Subdivisions of Malta - Regions of Malta - Districts of Malta - Local councils of Malta
Demographics of Malta: Demographics of Malta
Education in Malta: Education in Malta
Health in Malta: Health in Malta
Media in Malta: Media in Malta
Radio and TV in Malta: Radio in Malta - Television in Malta
Internet in Malta: Internet in Malta
Crime in Malta: Crime in Malta
Terrorism in Malta: Terrorism in Malta
1977 Murder of Karin Grech: 28 December 1977 Murder of Karin Grech
October 2017 assassination of Daphne Caruana Galizia:: 16 October 2017 assassination of Daphne Caruana Galizia
Human trafficking in Malta: Human trafficking in Malta
Law of Malta: Law of Malta
Judiciary of Malta: Judiciary of Malta
Foreign relations of Malta: Foreign relations of Malta
Treaties of Malta: Treaties of Malta
Immigration to Malta: Immigration to Malta - Illegal immigration in Malta - May 2007 Malta migrant shipwreck - 11 October 2013 Mediterranean Sea migrant shipwreck - 13 octobre 2013: Après le naufrage au sud de Malte qui a coûté la vie à des dizaines de migrants en majorité syriens, le Premier ministre maltais Muscat a déploré que la 'Méditerranée soit en train de devenir un cimetière' - September 2014 Malta migrant shipwreck - 17 September 2014: About 500 migrants may have been killed when people smugglers rammed their boat bound for Malta, drowning the vast majority of its passengers, including refugees from Egypt, Sudan, Syria and Palestine, the IOM says after it debriefed two Palestinian survivors - 19 September 2014: World must vigorously pursue criminal gangs who doomed hundreds of migrants in the Mediterranean, IOM's William Lacy Swing says
Malta and the European Union: Malta and the European Union
March 2003 Maltese EU membership referendum: Maltese EU membership referendum March 2003
Bilateral relations of Malta: Bilateral relations of Malta
Malta/France relations: Malta/France relations
1798-1800 French occupation of Malta: 1798-1800 French occupation of Malta
Malta/Germany relations: Malta/Germany relations
Since January 1941 German intervention: Since January 1941 German intervention
Malta/Italy relations: Malta/Italy relations
June–December 1940 Italian aerial bombardment of Malta: June–December 1940 Italian aerial bombardment of Malta
Malta/Libya relations: Malta/Libya relations
Malta/Russia relations: Malta/Russia relations
Malta/Spain relations: Malta/Spain relations
Malta/Tunisia relations: Malte/Tunisia relations
Malta/Turkey relations: Malta/Turkey relations
Malta/United Kingdom relations: Malta/United Kingdom relations
1690–1967 British Mediterranean Fleet: British Mediterranean Fleet 1690–1967
1798-1800 Siege of Malta: Siege of Malta (1798–1800)
1813-1964 British Malta Colony: British Malta Colony 1813–1964
1964 Maltese referendum on a new constitution and independence: Maltese referendum on a new constitution and independence 1964
Malta/USA relations: Malta/USA relations
Landforms of Malta: Landforms of Malta
Water in Malta: Water in Malta


Moldova - Geography of Moldova - Principality of Moldavia 1346–1859 - History of Moldova - Independence of Moldova since 1991 - History of independent Moldova - Demographics of Moldova
Moldovan wine: Moldovan wine
Tourism in Moldova: Tourism in Moldova
Poverty in Moldova: Poverty in Moldova
Military of Moldova: Military of Moldova
Elections and politics in Moldova: Elections in Moldova
September 2019 Moldovan parliamentary election: 6 September 2019 Moldovan parliamentary election
Social movements and protests in Moldova: Protests in Moldova
1990/1991: Bridge of Flowers
2009: April 2009 Moldovan parliamentary election protests
2013: November 2013 'Pro Europe' demonstration in Moldova
Education in Moldova: Education in Moldova
Healthcare in Moldova: Healthcare in Moldova
Media in Moldova: Moldovan media
Internet in Moldova: Internet in Moldova
Crime in Moldova and Transnistria: Crime in Moldova - Crime in Transnistria
Organized crime in Moldova:
Drugs in Moldova: Drugs in Moldova
Foreign relations of Moldova: Foreign relations of Moldova
Moldova/European Union relations: Moldova/European Union relations
Environment of Moldova: Environment of Moldova


Poland - Geography of Poland - History of Poland - Demographics of Poland
Mining disasters in Poland: Mining disasters in Poland
Poverty and income inequality in Poland: Poverty and income inequality in Poland
Welfare in Poland: Welfare in Poland
Budget,debt and taxation in Poland: Budget and debt in Poland - Taxation in Poland
Political parties in Poland: Political parties in Poland
Elections in Poland: Elections in Poland - Präsidentschaftswahl in Polen 2010 - Selbstverwaltungswahlen in Polen 2010
2020 Polish presidential election: 2020 Polish presidential election
2016: 10 January 2016: Thousands on the streets of Poland across the country condemning new media law as government power grab - 11 January 2016: At various centres, Polish journalists protest at state control of public broadcasting - 23 January: Thousands of Poles marched through Warsaw to protests against their new conservative government's plan to increase its surveillance powers following moves to take more control of the judiciary and the media - 27 February: Tens of thousands of anti-government protesters rally for 'free and open Poland' - 11 March: After Polish PM is refused to publish a ruling of the country's Constitutional Tribunal, protesters in favour of the court projected passages from the ruling onto the walls of the prime minister's chancellery on Wednesday night - 12/13 March 2016: Tens of thousands of people took to the streets in the Polish capital Warsaw, in Poznan and Wroclaw against the government's collision course with the country's top court to undermine judicial independence - 7 mai 2016: Plus de 240'000 manifestants à Varsovie souhaitent que la place de la Pologne soit préservée en Europe, montrant du doigt les conservateurs au pouvoir - 5 June: Former presidents lead 50,000 marchers in Warsaw in pro-democracy protests - 13 December 2016: Thousands protest against Law and Justice party threatening to reverse democratic gains made since 1989 - 17 December 2016: Mass protests in Poland over media restrictions
Society, demographics, culture, human rights and religion in Poland: Polish society - Human rights in Poland - Religion in Poland
Economy of Warwaw: Economy of Warsaw
Timeline and history of Warsaw: Timeline of Warsaw - History of Warsaw
Timeline of Kraków: Timeline of Kraków
Timeline and history of Gdansk: Timeline of Gdansk - History of Gdansk
Economy of Gdansk: Economy of Gdansk
1942-1943 German 'ethnic cleansing' of Zamojszczyzna: 1942-1943 'ethnic cleansing' of Zamojszczyzna by NSDAP and SS ruled Germany
Demographics, demographic history and ethnic groups in Poland: Demographics of Poland - Demographic history of Poland
Belarusian minority in Poland: Belarusian minority in Poland
German minority in Poland: German minority in Poland
Ukrainians in Poland: Ukrainians in Poland
Schools in Poland: Schools in Poland
Museums in Poland: Museums in Poland
World War II museums in Poland: World War II museums in Poland
Health in Poland: Health in Poland
Coal and environment of Poland: Coal and the environment in Poland
Health care in Poland: Health care in Poland
Newspapers in Poland: List of newspapers in Poland
Broadcasting in Poland: Broadcasting in Poland
Internet in Poland: Internet in Poland
Cinema of Poland: Cinema of Poland
Lists of Polish films by decade: Lists of Polish films by decade
Roman Catholic church sex abuse cases in Poland: Roman Catholic chruch sex abuse cases in Poland
Crime in Poland: Crime in Poland
Since 1939 German invasion and World War II crimes in Poland: Since 1939 German invasion, occupation and World War II crimes in Poland
2002-2004 Orlengate: 2002-2004 Orlengate
2006/2007: Oleksy tapes
1944-1946 anti-Jewish violence in Poland: Anti-Jewish violence in Poland, 1944–1946
Human trafficking in Poland: Human trafficking in Poland
Judiciary and courts of Poland: Judiciary of Poland - Regional Courts
Law enforcement in Poland: Law enforcement in Poland
Foreign relations of Poland: Foreign relations of Poland
Treaties of Poland: Treaties of Poland
Poland's membership international organisations: Poland's membership international organisations
Poland/United Nations relations, membership since 1945: Poland's ambassadors to the United Nations
2013 UN Climate Change Conference in Warsaw: 2013 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Warsaw from 11 to 22 November - 11 November 2013: Poland, a top EU polluter, hosts UN climate summit aiming to map out the main points of an ambitious global agreement to limit greenhouse gas emissions to be signed 2015 - 14 November: November 'Coal summit' in Warsaw stokes trouble at UN climate talks - 20 November 2013: Polish environment minister sacked as he chairs UN climate talks - 21 November: The second-last day of the global climate change conference in Warsaw has seen 800 NGO delegates walk out of the talks over a lack of progress - 24 November 2013: At the UN climate talks in Warsaw, rich and poor nations agree to commit to the reduction of greenhouse gases, waiting for a final deal in Paris in 2015
Since 1991 Poland member of the Council of Europe: Council of Europe
Poland and the European Union, since 2004 membership: Poland and the European Union
Reactions to the Polish Constitutional Court crisis since 2015: Since 2015 EU and international reaction to the Polish Constitutional Court crisis
Bilateral relations of Poland: Bilateral relations of Poland
Poland/Austria relations: Poland/Austria relations
Since 1769 Austrian occupation of Spiš and Podhale: Since 1769 Austrian occupation of Spiš and Podhale
Since 1772 Austrian Partition: Since 1772 Austrian Partition
Poland/Brazil relations: Poland/Brazil relations
1978 Poland's extradition request for war criminal Wagner rejected: Late 1930s—1945 Austrian member of the SS Gustav Franz Wagner, a starter deputy commander of the Sobibór extermination camp in German-occupied Poland, where more than 200,000 Jews were gassed during Operation Reinhard, known as 'The Beast' due to his brutality, sentenced to death in absentia after the war, but escaped with Franz Stangl to Brazil where he lived undisturbed until he was exposed by Simon Wiesenthal and arrested on 30 May 1978, but extradition requests from Israel, Austria, and Poland were rejected by Brazil's Attorney General Henrique Fonseca de Araújo, father of the current Brazilian chancellor Ernesto Araújo who was appointed by President Jair Bolsonaro in January 2019, the BBC interviewed Wagner in 1979
Poland/Czech Republic relations: Poland/Czech Republic relations
Poland/Denmark relations: Poland/Denmark relations
Poland/France relations: Poland/France relations
Poland/Germany relations: Poland/Germany relations
Since 1772 Prussian Partition: Since 1772 Prussian Partition
Aftermath of the First World War: Aftermath of the First World War
August-October 1944 Warsaw Uprising: Warsaw Uprising 1 August – 2 October 1944
2018: 1 February 2018: Israel condemns passing of Polish Holocaust law, as politicians and Yad Vashem voice outrage - 1 February 2018: Yad Vashem criticized the Polish Senate’s approval of a contentious Polish Holocaust bill that would outlaw blaming the Polish state or nation for crimes of the Holocaust committed in Poland and vowed to continue supporting research into the 'Polish population’s attitudes toward Jews during the Holocaust' - 8 February 2018: Holocaust survivors entered the Polish embassy compound in Tel Aviv protesting the Polish complicity bill - 10 February 2018: Adviser Andrzej Zybertowicz to Poland's president says that Israel's reaction to a law criminalizing some statements about Poland's actions during World War II stems from a 'feeling of shame at the passivity of the Jews during the Holocaust', in a new version of victim blaming - 18 February 2018: Netanyahu slams Holocaust remark by Polish PM in Munich, who said - questioned by journalist Ronen Bergman who told of his mother's narrow escape from the Gestapo in Poland after learning that neighbours were planning to denounce them - that the Holocaust had involved 'Jewish perpetrators' as well as Polish, as the audience at the Munich Security Conference stayed quiet, according to Haaretz correspondent Noa Landau
Poland/Lebanon relations: 10 May 2005: Relations between Lebanon and Poland
Poland/Russia relations: Poland/Russia relations
Since 1772 Russian Partition: Since 1772 Russian Partition
Aftermath of the First World War: Aftermath of the First World War
Poland/Syria relations:
Poland/United Kingdom relations: Poland/United Kingdom relations
Poland/USA relations: Poland/USA relations
Poland/Vietnam relations: Poland/Vietnam relations since 1950
Environmental issues and environmentalism in Poland: Environmentalism in Poland
Coal and the environment in Poland: Coal and the environment in Poland
Water in Poland: Water in Poland


Portugal - Geography of Portugal - History of Portugal - Portuguese Empire (from the capture of Ceuta in 1415 to the handover of Macau in 1999) - Portuguese Colonial War 1961-1974 - Demographics of Portugal
Energy in Portugal: Energy in Portugal
Hydroelectric power stations in Portugal: List of hydroelectric power stations in Portugal
Wind power in Portugal: Wind power in Portugal
Portuguese wine: Portuguese wine
Fishing in Portugal: Fishing in Portugal
Water in Portugal: Water in Portugal
Rivers of Portugal: List of rivers of Portugal
Transport in Portugal: Transport in Portugal
Rail transport in Portugal: Rail transport in Portugal
Road transport in Portugal: Road transport in Portugal
Banking in Portugal: Banking in Portugal
Economic history of Portugal and economic cycles: Since 20th century economic history of Portugal
2010–14 Portuguese financial and economic crisis (ongoing): European sovereign debt crisis (2010-present) - 2010–14 Portuguese financial crisis
2011-2014 Economic Adjustment Programme for Portugal: 2011-2014 Economic Adjustment Programme for Portugal
Military coups in Portugal: Military coups in Portugal
Since 1941 Portuguese volunteers fighting the Soviet Union on the Axis side: Since 1941 Portuguese volunteers fighting the Soviet Union on the Axis side
Political parties in Portugal: Political parties in Portugal
Trade unions in Portugal: Trade unions in Portugal
Elections in Portugal since the 1974 Carnation Revolution: Elections in Portugal since the Carnation Revolution of 1974
April 1975 Portuguese Constituent Assembly election: 25 April 1975 Portuguese Constituent Assembly election
October 2017 Portuguese local elections: 1 October 2017 Portuguese local elections
May 2019 European Parliament election in Portugal: 26 May 2019 European Parliament election in Portugal
September 2019 Madeiran regional election: 22 September 2019 Madeiran regional election
Social movements, trade unions and protests in Portugal: Protests in Portugal
2013: 17 February 2013: Thousands of protesters rallied in Portugal against austerity measures imposed on the country by its international creditors - 2 February 2013: Hundreds of thousands of Portuguese demonstrate in Lisbon and other cities demanding an end to austerity measures dictated by an international bailout and for the centre-right government to resign - 27 juin 2013: Une grève générale de 24 heures à l'appel des deux principaux syndicats du pays contre la politique d'austérité draconienne paralyse le Portugal - 19 octobre: Des dizaines de milliers de manifestants se sont mobilisés au Portugal et en Italie contre les nouvelles mesures d'austérité annoncées par leur gouvernement respectif - 26 October: Thousands of demonstrators protested in Portugal against salary cuts and public sector reforms - 1 novembre: Plusieurs milliers de Portugais manifestent devant le Parlement pour protester contre les coupes sévères dans les dépenses publiques prévues par le budget 2014 - 21 novembre: Des milliers de policiers, gendarmes et autres fonctionnaires des forces de l'ordre manifestent contre l'austérité
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Portugal: Portuguese society - Human rights in Portugal
November 1755 Lisbon earthquake: 1 November 1755 Lisbon earthquake
October 2017 local elections: 1 October 2017 Portuguese local elections
Sephardi Jews in modern Spain and Portugal: Sephardi Jews in modern Spain and Portugal
Immigration to Portugal: Immigration to Portugal
2014-2016 International and European refugee and migrant crisis: 2014-2016 International and European refugee and migrant crisis
Culture of Portugal: Culture of Portugal
Women and women's rights in Portugal: Women in Portugal
Children and youth in Portugal: Childhood in Portugal - Youth in Portugal
Education in Portugal: Education in Portugal
Schools in Portugal: List of schools in Portugal
Colleges and universities in Portugal: List of universities and colleges in Portugal
Health in Portugal: Health in Portugal
Health disasters in Portugal: Health disasters in Portugal
Access to healthcare for migrants in Portugal and payments: Access to healthcare for migrants in Portugal and payments
Newspapers in Portugal: Newspapers in Portugal
Broadcasting in Portugal: Broadcasting in Portugal
Internet in Portugal: Internet in Portugal
Crime in Portugal: Crime in Portugal
Racism in Portugal: Racism in Portugal
Antisemitism in Portugal: Antisemitism in Portugal
History of the conversos since 15th century: History of the conversos since 15th century
Corruption in Portugal: Corruption in Portugal
Police corruption in Portugal: Police corruption in Portugal
Terrorism in Portugal: Terrorism in Portugal
Human trafficking in Portugal: Human trafficking in Portugal
Since 1982 Constitutional Court: Constitutional Court Portugal since 1982
Judiciary and courts of Portugal: Judiciary of Portugal - Courts in Portugal
Law enforcement agencies of Portugal and Polícia de Segurança Pública: Law enforcement in Portugal - Law enforcement agencies of Portugal - Polícia de Segurança Pública
Foreign relations of Portugal: Foreign relations of Portugal
Portugal/Africa relations:
Treaties of Portugal: Treaties of Portugal
Bilateral relations of Portugal: Bilateral relations of Portugal
Portugal/Angola relations: Portugal/Angola relations
Portugal/Benin relations:
1830 Contonou founded as a slaving port: 1830 Contonou founded as a slaving port
1815-1825 'United Kingdom' of Portugal and Brazil: 1815-1825 United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves
Portugal/Equatorial Guinea relations:
Portugal/Germany relations: Portugal/Germany relations
Portugal/Guinea-Bissau relations: Portugal/Guinea-Bissau relations
Since the 15the century Portuguese slave trade: Since the 15the century Portuguese era of the slave trade
1963-1974 Guinea Bissau War of Indepencence: Guinea Bissau War of Indepencence 1963-1974
Portugal/Hungary relations:
1560-1812 Goa Inquisition: Goa Inquisition 1560-1812
Portugal/Israel relations: Portugal/Israel relations
Portugal/Luxembourg relations: Portugal/Luxembourg relations
Portugal/Mozambique relations: Portugal/Mozambique relations
Portugal/East Timor relations: Portugal/East Timor relations
Portugal/Vatican relations: Portugal/Vatican relations
Ecoregions in Portugal: List of ecoregions in Portugal
Forests in Portugal: Forests of Portugal
Water in Portugal: Water in Portugal
Rivers of Portugal: List of rivers of Portugal
Heatwaves and wildfires in Portugal: Wildfires in Portugal
Floods and landslides in Portugal: Landslides in Portugal
Earthquakes in Portugal: Earthquakes in Portugal


Romania - Geography of Romania - History of Romania - Demographics of Romania
Arms industry in Romania: Arms industry in Romania
Mining industry of Romania: Mining industry of Romania
Forestry and forests in Romania: Forestry in Romania - Forests of Romania
Water supply and sanitation in Romania: Water supply and sanitation in Romania
Foreign trade of Romania: Foreign trade of Romania
Banking in Romania: List of banks in Romania
2002-2007 Romanian property bubble: 2002-2007 Romanian property bubble
Since 2007 Great Recession in Europe: Great Recession in Europe since 2007 and Romania
2007-2017 growth and economic cycles in Romania: Growth and economic cycles in Romania 2007-2017
Wealth in Romania: Wealth in Romania
Taxation in Romania: Taxation in Romania
Budget of Romania: Budget of Romania 2013
Political parties in Romania: Political parties in Romania
Trade unions in Romania: Trade unions in Romania
Elections and politics in Romania: Elections in Romania
2015: 9 June 2015: Romanian parliament blocks investigation into forgery, money-laundering, tax evasion and conflict of interest in connection with PM Victor Ponta - 13 July 2015: Romanian prosecutors charged PM Victor Ponta as part of a corruption probe, piling more pressure on the embattled politician to resign - 22 July: Romania’s president has signed into law legislation that punishes Holocaust denial and the promotion of the fascist Legionnaires’ Movement with prison sentences of up to three years - 18 September: Victor Ponta indicted on charges of forgery, money laundering as part of corruption sweep, mainly concerning his time as a lawyer prior to taking office - 29 September: Thousands protest as Romanian PM Ponta withstands no-confidence vote - 4 November: Romanian PM and government resign after protests - 16 November: Prime minister-designate Dacian Ciolos has named a government, tapping European Union experts as well as private and non-profit sectors leaders to steer the country until elections next year
May 2019 European Parliament election in Romania: 26 May 2019 European Parliament election in Romania
24 November 2019 Romanian presidential election runoff: 10 November 2019 Romanian presidential election second round
Social movements and protests in Romania: Protests in Romania
2012–14 Romanian social unrest: 2012–14 Romanian protests against shale gas - 2012–14 Romanian social unrest
2015: 2015 Romanian protests - 2 November 2015: Thousands of people marched through Bucharest to commemorate the victims after a Romanian club fire death toll was raising to 30, which also left nearly 200 injured during a rock concert that featured the use of fireworks indoors - 4 November: Tens of thousands of Romanians are marching against government corruption, angry that licences are given for businesses which do not pass necessary health and safety tests - 6 November: Massive anti-corruption rallies continued in Bucharest's University square for the third night, calling for the reform of the political class and public administration which are widely seen as corrupt - 9 November: Anti-corruption protests continue in Romania, calling for change amid the political class, as fire death toll rises
2017 Romanian protests: 2017 Romanian protests - in January 2017, days after the PSD government was sworn in, massive protests took place throughout Romania against the government ordinance bills that were proposed by the Ministry of Justice regarding the pardoning of certain committed crimes, and the amendment of the Penal Code, especially regarding the abuse of power - 2 February 2017: Protesters have clashed with police in Bucharest after hundreds of thousands of people took to the streets in cities across Romania in anger at the government’s decriminalising of a string of corruption offences - 4 février 2017: La crise se poursuit, les manifestations aussi - 6 February 2017: An estimated half a million Romanians have continued to protest against the government, with many calling on it to quit even after it scrapped the corruption legislation that sparked a week of public outrage - 12 February 2017: Among the of placards of mass anti-government protests in Romania many read 'Hands off DNA', Romania’s national anti-corruption directorate founded in 2003 and at the forefront of the country’s fight against official misconduct - 13 February 2017: Tens of thousands gathered in Bucharest to call for the government to stand down, despite resignation of justice minister
August 2018 Romanian protests: August 2018 Romanian protests - 11 August 2018: Tens of thousands of people took part in in Friday's protest in Bucharest and several other Romanian cities against corruption and low wages, as more than 400 people were injured by police using tear gas, pepper spray and water cannons, as several police officers were also hurt, as president Iohannis 'firmly condemn(ed) riot police's brutal intervention, strongly disproportionate to the actions of the majority of people', and as video footage posted on social media show police beating non-violent protesters holding their hands up - 12 August 2018: Tens of thousands of demonstrators gathered in the Romanian capital Bucharest returning to the streets without fear in a huge anti-corruption protest on Saturday, 24 hours after more than 450 people were hurt, many needing treatment, and about 30 arrested - 12 août 2018: Des milliers de Roumains se sont rassemblés pour le troisième soir consécutif à Bucarest et dans d'autres villes de Roumanie et ont demandé la démission de Viorica Sancila et dénoncé la corruption au sein du gouvernement social-démocrate
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Romania: Romanian society - Human rights in Romania
Cities, towns and metropolitan areas in Romania: List of cities and towns in Romania - Metropolitan areas in Romania
Demographics, ethnic groups and minorities of Romania: Demographics of Romania - Ethnic groups in Romania - Minorities of Romania
Immigration to Romania: Immigration to Romania
2014/2015 International and European refugee and migrant crisis: 2014/2015 International and European refugee and migrant crisis
Culture of Romania: Culture of Romania
Childhood in and youth in Romania: Childhood in Romania - Youth in Romania
Universities in Romania: List of universities in Romania
Health in Romania: Health in Romania
Hospitals in Romania: List of hospitals in Romania
Media of Romania: Media of Romania
Newspapers in Romania: List of newspapers in Romania
Internet in Romania: Internet in Romania
Crime in Romania: Crime in Romania
Racism and anti-Semitism in Romania: Racism and anti-Semitism in Romania
Law enforcement and Romanian Police: Law enforcement in Romania - Romanian Police
Foreign relations of Romania: Foreign relations of Romania
Treaties of Romania: Treaties of Romania
Romanian membership in international organsisations and the EU: Romanian membership in international organsisations and in the European Union
Bilateral relations of Romania: Bilateral relations of Romania
Romania/Bulgaria relations: Romania/Bulgaria relations
Romania/Canada relations: Romania/Canada relations
Romania/Canada trade relations: Romania/Canada trade relations
Romania/Germany relations: Romania/Germany relations
Romania/Hungary relations: Romania/Hungary relations
Romania/Israel relations: Romania/Israel relations
Romanian Jews in Israel: Romanian Jews in Israel
Romania/Turkey relations: Romania/Turkey relations
Romania/United Kingdom relations: Romania/United Kingdom relations
Forests in Romania: Forests of Romania
Water in Romania and Black Sea: Water in Romania - Bodies of water of Romania - Black Sea
Natural disasters in Romania: Natural disasters in Romania


Russia - History of Russia - History of Russia since 1992
Geography, demographics and ethnic groups of Russia: Geography of Russia - Demographics of Russia - Ethnic groups in Russia
Manufacturing companies of Russia: Manufacturing companies of Russia
Automotive industry in Russia: Automotive industry in Russia
Military-Industrial Commission of Russia: Military-Industrial Commission of Russia
Timeline of Russian inventions and technology records: Timeline of Russian inventions and technology records
Coal mining disasters in Russia: Coal mining disasters in Russia
Environmental impact of the coal industry: Environmental impact of the coal industry
Oil and gas industry in Russia:
September 2013 'Arctic Sunrise' Greenpeace protests: September 2013 'Arctic Sunrise' Greenpeace protests against Russian Gazprom - 20 September 2013: Russia to tow Greenpeace ship to the port of Murmansk after armed raid - 25 September 2013: The Netherlands asks Russia for the immediate release of 30 Greenpeace activists arrested for a high seas protest against Arctic oil exploration - 27 September: Russian court orders Greenpeace activists to be held without charge - 27 September: The 30 activists from the Greenpeace ship Arctic Sunrise being held by Russia hail from 18 different countries - 4 octobre: Trente militants de Greenpeace inculpés de 'piraterie' par la justice russe - 5 October: Greenpeace holds global protests calling for Russia's release of 30 Greenpeace activists after being jailed for protests against Arctic oil drilling - 9 octobre: La Russie accentue la pression sur les militants Greenpeace de l'Arctique - 23 octobre: Réduction des charges retenues contre les écologistes Greenpeace à 'hooliganisme' - 27 octobre: Des militants de Greenpeace dénoncent leurs conditions de détention
Safety at work in Russia: Safety at work in Russia
February 2004 Transvaal Park roof collapse in Moscow: February 2004 Transvaal Park roof collapse in Moscow
February 2006 Basmanny market roof collapse in Moscow: February 2006 Basmanny market roof collapse in Moscow
August 2009 Sayano–Shushenskaya power station accident: August 2009 Sayano–Shushenskaya power station accident near Sayanogorsk in Khakassia
July 2015 Omsk building collapse: July 2015 Omsk building collapse
April 2017 PepsiCo warehouse's roof collapse in Lebedyan: April 2017 PepsiCo warehouse's roof collapse in Lebedyan
Bridge disasters in Russia: Bridge disasters in Russia
September 2006 Yekaterinburg bridge collapse: September 2006 Yekaterinburg bridge collapse
Aviation accidents and incidents in Russia: Aviation accidents and incidents in Russia
Maritime incidents in Russia: Maritime incidents in Russia
Railway accidents and incidents in Russia: Railway accidents and incidents in Russia
Road incidents in Russia: Road incidents in Russia
Siberian agriculture: Siberian agriculture
Water and irrigation in Russia: Water in Russia - Bodies of water of Russia - Rivers of Russia
Fishing industry in Russia: Fishing industry in Russia
Transport in Russia: Transport in Russia
Railway accidents in Russia: Railway accidents in Russia
Road transport in Russia: Road transport in Russia
Water transport in Russia: Water transport in Russia
Foreign trade of Russia: Foreign trade of Russia
Russian arms exports: Russian arms exports
Banking in Russia and financial services: Banking in Russia - List of banks in Russia - Central Bank of Russia
Economic history of the Russian Federation since 1991 and economic cycles: Economic history of the Russian Federation since 1991
1998 Russian financial crisis: 1998 Russian financial crisis
2008-2009 Russian financial crisis, recession and unemployment: 2008-2009 Russian financial crisis - Great Recession in Russia
December 2014 crumbling ruble and GDP growth forecast cut: 2 December: Crumbling ruble, which has been badly buffeted by a plunge of almost 40% in oil prices, prompts central bank action - 2 December: Economics ministry cuts its GDP growth forecast of 1.2% in 2015 to a 0.8% fall amid financial fallout over Ukraine and lower oil prices - 11 December: Russia’s central bank failed to stem a further dramatic fall in the rouble on Thursday despite raising the headline interest rate to 10.5% - 15 December: Russian central bank raises interest rate to 17% to prevent rouble’s collapse - 17 December: Russia’s financial turmoil shows little sign of easing as the rouble continues to fluctuate against major currencies in volatile trading - 29 December: Russian recession fears as economy shrinks for first time in five years
Privatization, Russian oligarchs and billionaires: Privatization in Russia - Russian oligarchs - Russian billionaires
Russian Armed Forces casualties in Syria and Ukraine: Russian Armed Forces casualties in Syria
Military equipment and weapons of Russia: Military equipment of Russia - Weapons of Russia
October 2019 new Russian submarine intercontinental missile: 30 October 2019: New Russian submarine test fires intercontinental missile for first time
Russian regime's military exercises: Russian regime's military exercises
List of Russian military accidents: List of Russian military accidents since 1990s
2008 submarine K-152 Nerpa accident: 2008 Russian submarine K-152 Nerpa accident
September 2013 nuclear submarine fire: 16 September 2013: Russian nuclear submarine catches fire
25 October 2019 soldier killed eight other soldiers:
: 25 October 2019: A Russian soldier on Friday opened fire on fellow troops at a Siberian military base, killing eight and wounding another two, officials said
War resisters in Russia:
Russia and weapons of mass destruction: Russia and weapons of mass destruction
Nuclear weapons program of the Soviet Union and Russia: Nuclear weapons program of the Soviet Union - Nuclear missiles of Russia
Nuclear weapons test sites of the Soviet Union and Russia:
Intercontinental ballistic, nuclear and guided missiles of Russia: Intercontinental ballistic missiles of Russia - Nuclear missiles of Russia - Guided missiles of Russia
Military budget of Russia: Military budget in Russia - 20. Februar 2012: Putins Wahlprogramm der Aufrüstung Rußlands mit 575 Mrd. Euro in den kommenden 10 Jahren - 19. März 2012: Das Volumen weltweiter Rüstungsgeschäfte hat in den vergangenen fünf Jahren um 24 Prozent zugenommen - auf die beiden grössten Rüstungsexporteure USA 30% und Russland 24% entfällt mehr als die Hälfte der weltweiten Waffenlieferungen - mit einem Anstieg um 580 Prozent steigerte vor allem Syrien die Waffenimporte seit dem Jahr 2002 deutlich - 17. April: Rußland und China erhöhen ihre Militärausgaben auch 2011 kräftig - 31 July: Putin announces that a total of 51 surface warships and 24 submarines, including 16 nuclear submarines, will enter into service in the Russian Navy by 2020 - 12. August 2012: Russland will sein Militär u.a. mit 1600 neuen Flugzeugen und Helikoptern aufrüsten - 14 April 2014: Russian defence spending rises by 4.8% to $88bn, devoting larger share of GDP on military than USA for first time since 2003 - 15 December 2014: Russian arms sales soar on domestic spending
Federal budget of Russia: Federal budget of Russia
Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation: Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation
Ministry of Internal Affairs in Russia: Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation
Russian internal troops, Intelligence Community, Federal Security Service FSB, law enforcement agencies, repression and corruption: Russian Intelligence Community - Security Council of Russia
FSB's legal power to engage in targeted killing: FSB's legal power to engage in targeted killing
Penal system in Russia and Federal Penitentiary Service: Penal system in Russia - Federal Penitentiary Service - Prisons in Russia - Corrective labor colony
Torture in Russia: Torture in Russia
Police brutality in Russia: Police brutality in Russia
Crime in Russia: Crime in Russia
Nationalism and racism in Russia: Russian nationalism - Racism in Russia
Antisemitism in the Russian empire since the 18th century: Antisemitism in the Russian Empire
Since 1904: 1904/1 February 2000: According to the Russian historian Mikhail Lepekhine the anti-Semitic pamphlet 'Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion' 1904 were concocted by Russian propagandist Mathieu Golovinski as part of a monarchist scheme to persuade Czar Nicholas II that the capitalist modernization of Russia was really a Jewish plot - 'The Protocols of the Elders of Zion' ordered to be studied in German classrooms by the Nazi Party since 1933 - 'Jewish Bolshevism' is part of the Jewish World Conspiracy theory that Jews control the world - Contemporary Middle East imprints of 'The Protocols of the Elders of Zion' - many Arab governments funded new printings of the Protocols and taught them in their schools as historical fact - The Charter of the Hamas, issued on 18 August 1988, explicitly refers to 'The Protocols of the Elders of Zion'
Antisemitism in the Russian Federation since 1991: Antisemitism in the Russian Federation
Notable hate crimes and murder of anti-fascist activists in Russia: Notable hate crimes and murder of anti-fascist activists in Russia
Religion and freedom of religion in Russia: Religion in Russia - Freedom of religion in Russia
Since 2013 amended blasphemy law in Russia: Blasphemy and blasphemy law in Russia
Law and legal history of Russia: Law of Russia - Legal history of Russia
Repression and political crime in Russia: List of journalists killed in Russia
16 November 2009 Death of Sergei Magnitsky: Death of attorney Sergei Magnitsky in Polonium-Putin's custody 16 November 2009 - 9. April: Das Verfahren gegen eine Gefängnisärztin wegen des Todes des prominenten russischen Anwalts und Menschenrechtsaktivisten Sergej Magnitski in Untersuchungshaft vor mehr als zwei Jahren wird in Moskau wegen Verjährung eingestellt - 28 December: A Moscow court acquitts prison doctor Kratov charged with the death of lawyer Sergei Magnitsky who died in jail after his pancreatitis went untreated - an investigation by Russia's presidential council on human rights had concluded he was severely beaten and denied medical treatment - 28 January 2013: A Russian court has opened the posthumous fraud trial against Sergei Magnitsky, a lawyer who died in prison in 2009 after accusing state officials of a multimillion-dollar tax scam - 11 March 2013: 'Trial' of dead lawyer Sergei Magnitsky to begin in Russia - relatives say it's inhuman to try a dead man and the trial is revenge by the Kremlin - 22 March: Russia court begins proceedings against deceased lawyer Sergei Magnitsky who died in jail after an alleged beating - 11 July 2013: In 'one of the most shameful moments for Russia since the days of Joseph Stalin', tortured and severely beaten Sergei Magnitsky posthumously found guilty of fraud by a Moscow court after his violent death in custody - 22 March 2017: Russian lawyer Nikolai Gorokhov who represents the family of Sergei Magnitsky is in intensive care after falling from the fourth floor of his apartment building, according to unconfirmed reports
27 octobre: Accusée à tort de terrorisme, la Tchétchène Zara Mourtazalieva a vécu près d’une décennie dans une colonie pénitentiaire de Mordovie - 24 November: UN report voices concern at Moscow's failure to investigate widespread allegations of torture
February 2015 Murder of Boris Nemtsov: 27 February 2015 murder of Boris Nemtsov in Moscow - 28 February 2015: Russian opposition politician Boris Nemtsov reportedly shot four times in the back by a killer in a passing car in the centre of Moscow two days before Nemtsov was due to lead a major opposition rally in Moscow - 28 February: Politicians worldwide condemn the assassination of Boris Nemtsov, pressing the Russian regime to ensure that the killing is thoroughly investigated, as Boris Nemtsov allies fear killers of Russian politician will escape justice - 2 March: Immediately after murder, Russian investigators removed all evidence of Russian troops in Ukraine from Nemtsov apartment - 2 March: Nemtsov's Ukrainian companion Anna Duritskaya says being held against her will after murder - 3 March: Foreign officials barred from attending Boris Nemtsov funeral - 8 March: Zaur Dadayev, one of the men detained on suspicion of killing Boris Nemtsov, reportedly served nearly a decade in a police unit in the Russian region of Chechnya - 10 March 2015: Boris Nemtsov's friend Ilya Yashin rejects regime's allegation, as Russia's Putin this week awards Chechen leader Ramzan Kadyrov a medal for 'professional achievements, public activities', and as this Ramzan Kadyrov praises Chechen Zaur Dadayev publicly to be 'a true patriot of Russia', who is now charged by Russian authorities with the murder of Boris Nemtsov - 11 March: Former law enforcement officer Dadayev charged with involvement in the murder of opposition leader Boris Nemtsov has claimed that he was forced to confess to the killing, monitoring group that visited Dadayev and two other suspects in jail allegedly found evidence that the confession had been forced - 12 March: Zhanna Nemtsova, the daughter of assassinated Boris Nemtsov, says Vladimir Putin must bear responsibility for his death - 14 May 2015: The report 'Putin. War', the work of murdered Boris Nemtsov published on the website 'Putin. Results' - 18 May 2015: Russian State Duma committee refuses to investigate Nemtsov's murder
Terrorism in Russia: Terrorism in Russia
1 January 1918 Saint Petersburg assassination attempt on Lenin: 1 January 1918: As Lenin's car drove away from Mikhailovsky Manège, a group of terrorists - among them the best sharpshooters in the former Russian Army - who were hiding in ambush in the next lane began shooting, shattering the car's windshield where Lenin was sitting in the back seat with Fritz Platten, but 'Platten grabbed Lenin by the head and pushed him down (and) Platten’s hand was' met and wounded - 1 January 1918: After his 'Speech at the send-off of the socialist army’s first troop tains' in Saint Petersburg's Mikhailovsky Manège, an assassination attempt was made on Lenin returning to the Smolny, when a bullet went through the car's windscreen and passed over his head, and the Swiss Communist Fritz Platten, who was with Lenin, was wounded
Society, demographics, culture and languages in Russia: Russian society
History and timeline of Arkhangelsk: History and timeline of Arkhangelsk
Early history of Arkhangelsk since the Middle Ages: Early history of Arkhangelsk since the Middle Ages
Timeline of Saint Petersburg: Timeline of Saint Petersburg
1917 February Revolution in Petersburg and Russia: 1917 February Revolution in Petersburg and Russia
1917 October Revolution in Petersburg and Russia: 1917 October Revolution in Petersburg and Russia
1941-1944 German siege of Leningrad: 1941-1944 German siege of Leningrad
Economy of Moscow: Economy of Moscow
Timeline of Moscow: Timeline of Moscow since 1147
Since 1851 Saint Petersburg–Moscow Railway: Since 1851 Saint Petersburg–Moscow Railway
October 2002 Moscow theater hostage crisis: October 2002 Moscow theater hostage crisis
February/August 2004 Moscow Metro bombings: February 2004 Moscow Metro bombing - August 2004 Moscow Metro bombing
March 2010 Moscow Metro bombings: March 2010 Moscow Metro bombings
Timeline of Rostov-on-Don: Timeline of Rostov-on-Don
Timeline of Vladivostok: Timeline of Vladivostok
Timeline of Volgograd: Timeline of Volgograd
Commemoration of the battle of Stalingrad: Commemoration of the battle of Stalingrad
Demographics and ethnic groups in Russia:Demographics of Russia - Ethnic groups in Russia
History of ethnic groups in Russia: History of ethnic groups in Russia
Since 1996 Russian Jewish Congress for revival of the Jewish life in Russia: Russian Jewish Congress for revival of the Jewish life in Russia since 1996
Literature in Russia: Literature in Russia
History of literature in Russia: History of literature in Russia
Women in Russia: Women in Russia
Gender pay gap in Russia: Gender pay gap in Russia
Domestic violence in Russia: Domestic violence in Russia
Women's rights in Russia: Women's rights in Russia
Children and youth in Russia: Childhood in Russia - Youth in Russia
Orphans in Russia: Orphans in Russia
Schools in Russia: Schools in Russia
Universities and colleges in Russia: Universities and colleges in Russia
Science and technology in Russia: Science and technology in Russia
Libraries and archives in Russia: Libraries in Russia - Archives in Russia
Health in Russia: Health in Russia
Major health issues in Russia: Major health issues in Russia
HIV/AIDS in Russia: HIV/AIDS in Russia
Health disasters in Russia: Health disasters in Russia
Doping in Russia: Doping in Russia - Doping in sport
July 2016: 13 July 2016: In the Russian regime's inverted world, athlete Darya Klishina branded a 'traitor' after she agreed to compete under a neutral flag at next month’s Olympics thanking the IAAF for allowing her to compete - 18 July 2016: Wada's devastating and damning report into Russian sport has found that the country’s government, security services and sporting authorities colluded to hide widespread doping across 'a vast majority' of winter and summer sports - 19 July 2016: Several former Olympians who now serve on the International Olympic Committee’s athletes’ commission have warned of catastrophic consequences if the organisation does not ban Russia completely from the Rio Games - 25 July 2016: The World Anti-Doping Agency is 'disappointed' its recommendation to ban Russia from next month's Olympic Games in Rio has been rejected by the International Olympic Committee, saying the IOC's decision will inevitably mean 'lesser protection for clean athletes'
December 2016: 9 December 2016: Over 1000 Russian athletes from over 30 disciplines were involved in state-sponsored doping programme in 2011-2015, including London 2012 and Sochi 2014 Olympic Games winners and medalists, and that also helped forging fake doping probes results by involving special services, World Anti-Doping Agency's report on Russian doping row says - 14 December 2016: Russia deprived of bobsleigh 2017 World Championship in Sochi - 24 December 2016: Following Sochi's loss last week of the right to host February's bobsleigh and skeleton world championships, Biathlon and speed skating events February/March 2017 taken away from Russia over doping scandal - 27 December 2016: Russian officials admit for the first time to a state-backed campaign of doping that involved hundreds of the country’s athletes, as the acting director of Russia’s national anti-doping agency Anna Antseliovich and others in a serie of interviews detail that 'it was an institutional conspiracy' concerning the entire Olympic movement
Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics: Concerns and controversies at the 2014 Winter Olympics - 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi - 7 October 2013: Russia has installed an all-encompassing surveillance system at the site of next year's Winter Olympic Games in Sochi that will allow security services to listen in on athletes and visitors, security analysts say - 10 December 2013: European Commission Vice-President Viviane Reding has said she will 'definitely not' attend the Winter Olympics in Sochi because of Russia's treatment of minority groups - 23 December: Nadezhda Tolokonnikova calls for foreign countries to boycott February's Winter Olympics, hours after she was freed from jail - 23/24 December: Benjamin Netanyahu joins Barack Obama, David Cameron, Francois Hollande and others in rejecting Sochi invite - 12 February 2014: Russian environmentalist Yevgeny Vitishko who campaigned against ecological damage from construction work for the Sochi Olympics is to spend three years in a prison colony
Killed journalists in Russia: List of journalists killed in Russia
In July 2013 56 journalists killed in Russia since 1992 (motive confirmed): 9 July 2013: 56 journalists killed in Russia since 1992 (motive confirmed), CPJ says
Assassinated Russian journalists: Assassinated Russian journalists
Since 1991 Propaganda and cyberwarfare in the Russian Federation: Since 1991 Propaganda in the Russian Federation
Since 2013/2014 Ukrainian crisis in Russian media and critical reactions in Russia: Since 2013/2014 media portrayal of the Ukrainian crisis and critical reactions in Russia
Cyberwarfare by Russia: Cyberwarfare by Russia
Propaganda and use of social media in the Russian Federation: Propaganda and use of social media in the Russian Federation
Pressure on independent media and control: Pressure on independent media
2014: 14 janvier 2014: Le journaliste américain David Satter a affirmé qu'il avait été expulsé de Russie après avoir travaillé sur les manifestations pro-européennes en cours en Ukraine depuis novembre - 14 January: Russia has barred US journalist David Satter who is critical of Putin for five years - 14 March 2014: Putin regime censors media by blocking websites, adding Alexei Navalny blog and opposition news sites to banned list amid ongoing Ukraine crisis - 15 March 2014: Russian propaganda war in full swing over Ukraine, alleging Ukraine government is run by anti-Semitic fascists - 17 March 2014: Putin regime's TV says Russia could turn USA to 'radioactive ash' - 22 April 2014: 'Russian Facebook' founder Durov flees country after selling his share in the company under pressure from the security services - 27 September 2014: Curbs on foreign ownership will gut Russia's media after Russian parliament passed a law calling foreign ownership in domestic media assets at 20% and hitting some of the world's largest media companies
Media opposition in Russia:
Politics, repression, elections, social movements and protests in Russia: Political repression in Russia - Protests in Russia
Legislative election December 2011 and protests: Russian legislative election 4 December 2011 - 4 December: Russians voting in parliamentary poll amid allegations of violations of election law - 'Golos' leader Liliya Shibanova was held for several hours, her laptop confiscated - 5 December: Putin party suffers setback - reports of mass fraud and more than hundred detained pro democracy protesters - 5 December: 'United Russia', Putins tea party movement, wins election but ... - 5 December: Russia elections - OSCE sees 'numerous violations - 6 December: Activists detained after protests over results of criticised election - 6 December: Protesters defy rally ban in Moscow - 8 December: Gorbachev calls on Russia to annul vote - 8 December: Putin accuses foreign countries, the USA over poll protests - in Prague Medvedev says investigation of election results possible - 10 December: Moscow braces for fresh protests amid anger over disputed polls - 11 December: Tens of thousands demonstrate against alleged vote fraud and demand end to Putin's rule in largest rallies in years across Russia - 11 December: Medvedev orders probe into poll allegations - 13. Dezember: Kündigungen in russischen Medien nach Wahlberichterstattung - Journalisten-Union verurteilt Zensur - 25 December: Tens of thousands rally in growing protest against electoral fraud as Kremlin panel says it has proof of mass violations in parliamentary poll three weeks ago
Presidential election March 2012 and protests: Russian presidential election 4 March 2012 - 5 March: Putin alleges victory with more than 60 per cent of vote was fair, but rivals and opposition allege fraud and call for protests - 6 mars: L'OSCE a dénoncé lundi une présidentielle russe 'biaisée' marquée par d'importantes irrégularités - 6 mars: Interpellation de plusieurs centaines de manifestants anti-Poutine - 6 March: Police in Moscow and Saint Petersburg break up protests against Putin's victory in Russian presidential vote - 7 mars: l'opposition appelle à de nouvelles manifestations malgré les centaines d'interpellations de la veille - 10 mars: L'opposition russe manifeste contre la victoire du président Poutine - 12 mars: Les enquêteurs ukrainiens n'ont pas trouvé de preuves de la préparation en février par deux suspects arrêtés en Ukraine d'un attentat contre Vladimir Poutine, à moins d'une semaine de la présidentielle du 4 mars remportée par l'ex-agent du KGB - 16 March: While political opponents of the president-elect Putin are sentenced to prison, political cronyism is alive and well - 18 March: Dozens held at Moscow protest over 'pro-Putin' TV film that accused the opposition of paying anti-government protesters
August 2012: 1. August: Die russischen Behörden haben gegen den bekannten Kreml-Kritiker Alexei Nawalny Anklage wegen Veruntreuung erhoben - 7 August: Russian prosecutors ask for three-year sentence for the punk group who protested in a cathedral against Putin - 7. August: Im Büro des Putin-Kritikers Alexei Nawalny werden Abhörwanze und Kamera entdeckt - 15. August: Solidaritätskundgebung in Moskau für inhaftierte Punk Band Musikerinnen aufgelöst - 17 August: Punk protesters get two-year jail sentences - 17 August: The EU, US and human rights groups have condemned jail sentences imposed on three members of Russian punk band as 'disproportionate' - 26 August: Two members of anti-Kremlin punk band escape from Russia - 28. August: Acht Jahre Straflager für russische Aktivistin Taissja Ossipowa
October 2012: 7 October: Russian police arrest anti-Putin protesters calling for answers in the death of journalist and Kremlin critic Anna Politkovskaya six years ago - 10 octobre: Le procès en appel du groupe de punk-rock reprend dans l'ombre de Poutine - 10 October: Russian appeals court frees one anti-Kremlin punk band member, keeps two in jail - 14 October: First elections held for regional governors since Putin banned such direct voting 2004 - 17 October: Putin's investigators opened criminal proceedings against prominent protest leader Sergei Udaltsov, saying a documentary on a pro-Kremlin TV channel showed evidence he had plotted mass disorder and placing him under house arrest - 18 October: Opposition aide Konstantin Lebedev charged with plotting mass anti-government riots and could face a 10-year jail term - 21 October: Opposition forces in Russia are holding a three-day national ballot to elect a leadership tasked with focusing the fight for fair elections - 23 October: Russian opposition elected a new opposition leadership to fight for election reform, the biggest vote-getter was Alexei Navalny - 23 October: Russia's lower house votes to broaden high treason laws - 27 October: Several Russian opposition leaders have been detained while demonstrating against the claimed torture of fellow activist Leonid Razvozzhayev
October 2013: 13 October: Several dozen journalists took to the streets of Saint Petersburg to demand the release of Denis Sinyakov, detained on piracy charges along with the crew of the Greenpeace 'Arctic sunrise' - 15 October: Russian police rounded up more than 1,600 migrants on Monday in Moscow after rioting and violence against migrants swept through southern neighbourhood - 16 October: Putin's political rival Alexei Navalny faces five years in jail - 17 octobre: L'opposant Alexeï Navalny accueilli par des partisans à son retour en train à Moscou, après que sa peine de 5 ans de camp a été commuée en sursis - 27 octobre: Plusieurs milliers de personnes dont Alexeï Navalny ont participé à une marche autorisée dans le centre de Moscou contre le régime de Poutine et pour soutenir les prisonniers politiques - 29 octobre: Des centaines de Moscovites ont rendu hommage mardi aux victimes des répressions staliniennes, en lisant le nom de milliers d'habitants de la capitale russe fusillés en 1937 et 1938
December 2013: 22 December 2013: At a press conference in Berlin barely two days after he was freed from a Russian jail, Mikhail Khodorkovsky vowed to do all he can to ensure the release of other political prisoners in Russia - 23 December: Out of jail, Punk band member Maria Alyokhina slammed her early release under a Kremlin amnesty as a 'PR stunt' from Putin - 23 December: Punk band member Nadezhda Tolokonnikova, freed on Monday in a Kremlin-backed amnesty, slammed Russia's prison system and said that the whole country is built like a penal colony
February-April 2014: 12 February 2014: Environmentalist Yevgeny Vitishko jailed for three years after Sochi Games protest - 20 February: After being detained by police in Sochi, Russian punk group women beaten with whips by Cossacks - 25 February: Outside trial over anti-Putin rally 2012 Russian police detain hundreds protesting against jailing of activists - 2014 Russian anti-war protests - 2 March: While authorities accommodated and encouraged a pro-government rally, a smaller protest against Ukraine intervention down the street was not sanctioned - 2 March: Protesters in Moscow against Russian military intervention in Ukraine were quickly detained by police - 15 March: Tens of thousands of anti-government protesters marched in central Moscow against Kremlin-backed referendum in Crimea - 14 April: About 5,000 Russians, some waving Ukrainian flags, rallied in Moscow to protest at what they say is a government crackdown on independent media intended to stifle debate about the crisis in Ukraine - 28 April: Criticising environmental and state corruption leads to threats, intimidation and the impossibility to object to grand projects which have the authorities behind them, exiled Suren Gazaryan says
July-December 2014: 24 July: Russian opposition leader Sergei Udaltsov convicted of organising rioting at anti-Putin protest along with activist Leonid Razvozzhayev in trial human rights groups call 'mockery of justice' - 5 August: Russian authorities have banned a Siberian independence march, in sharp contrast to the treatment of separatists in Crimea and eastern Ukraine - 17 August: Pro-federalism protests in Siberia banned and at least nine activists, calling for greater regional autonomy in Russia, detained by police over protests - 21 September: A huge column of protesters marched through Moscow to protest against Putin's role in the Russian-Ukrainian conflict that has claimed nearly 3,000 lives and pitted Russians against Ukrainians - 30 novembre: Pour la première fois depuis des années, les personnels de santé descendent dans la rue dans plusieurs grandes villes de Russie, à Moscou ils vont manifester contre la fermeture de nombreux hôpitaux - 14 December: Hundreds march in Moscow to protest against healthcare and education reforms - 30 December: Opposition activist Navalny gets 3.5-year suspended sentence in his controversial fraud trial as his brother was handed a 3.5-year prison term - 30/31 December 2014: Navalny again detained after joining protest in Moscow
January-June 2015: 5 January: After receiving suspended sentence amid ongoing house arrest, Putin regime critic Alexei Navalny says he would no longer comply with the absurd terms of his house arrest and cuts off monitoring tag - 7 January: Alexei Navalny defies house arrest to go to his local store, quickly intercepted by three men who escorted him home - 20 January: Hundreds of Russians marched in Moscow and Saint Petersburg, six years after lawyer Stanislav Markelov and journalist Anastasia Baburova were murdered by nationalists - 28 February: Just a day before a planned protest against Putin's rule Russian opposition politician Boris Nemtsov shot dead in Moscow - 1 March: Tens of thousands march in memory of murdered politician Boris Nemtsov in Moscow, as many members of the democratic opposition blame regime and state-controlled media for pushing people toward aggression - 1/2 March: Protesters, most of them of Russian or Ukrainian origin, rallied in New York near the Russian mission to the UN to denounce the murder of regime critic Boris Nemtsov, despite fear of reprisals to themselves or family members back in Russia - 16 April: Police and special forces searched the Moscow office of Open Russia, a rights network led by Khodorkovsky, for protest flyers - 18 April: Russian opposition parties of murdered Boris Nemtsov and anti-corruption blogger Navalny form alliance against Putin ahead of 2016 parliamentary elections - 29 April: Russian Ministry of Justice has cancelled the registration of the Progress Party of Alexei Navalny - 14 May 2015: The report 'Putin. War', the work of murdered Boris Nemtsov published on the website 'Putin. Results' - 18 May: Russian anti-war protesters outside a key military headquarters in Tolyatti have demanded Russian regime withdraws regular servicemen from Ukraine, after two soldiers were captured on Ukrainian soil on May 16 - 24 May 2015: Putin signs law for shutting down 'undesirable' organizations - 28 May 2015: Putin has turned Ukrainans and Russians into enemies, Russian opposition activist Ilya Yashin says visiting Kyiv in support of report on Russian intervention - 7 June 2015: Several thousand protesters including scientists and intellectuals took to the streets of Moscow to express fears for the future of scientific research, after regime crackdowns - 9 June: Russian regime's 'Investigative Committee' launches a criminal inquiry against Ilya Ponomaryov, the lone State Duma representative to vote against the 2014 annexation of Crimea from Ukraine - 19 June 2015: My father was killed by Russian propaganda, says Nemtsov's daughter Zhanna Nemtsova
July/August 2015: 5 August 2015: An online petition signed by more than 170,000 people calls on the regime to rethink new law ordering destruction of sanction-busting imports and banned EU food products, saying it is grotesque to destroy food in a country where millions still live below the poverty line - 11 August: As Russian regime continues mass destruction of banned food in retaliation for sanctions, online petition calling to overturn the decision has already gained 340,000 signatures
September 2016 Russian legislative election: 18 September 2016 Russian legislative election - 18 September 2016: The elections to Russia's State Duma violate international law because they take place in occupied Crimea as well, Ukrainian Foreign Ministry's Maryana Betsa says - 19 September 2016: Sweden, USA, Romania, Denmark, Estonia and Lithuania declared they do not recognize Russian MP's to be elected in Crimea - 19 September 2016: Pro-Putin party wins in Russian election, but nationwide turnout in Sunday's polls was only 47%, which analysts attribute largely to apathy amid hardships of an economic slowdown - 19 September 2016: Statistical analysis of Sunday’s parliamentary election results appears to show evidence of some of the same irregularities that plagued the 2011 State Duma contest, according to the 'Moscow Times' and 'Slon news' website
29 September 2016: 29 September 2016: A hundred years after an epochal movement in Russia against war and its causes, only 300 people protest in Moscow against the start of the Russian regime’s murderous Syria bombing campaign, as the main driver of public opinion remains the slavishly pro-regime state media and its worldwide allies, as doctors in Aleppo say that the Russian and Assad regime's warfare is testing the conscience of the world, giving account that 'children ... are coming to us as body parts', and as a Dutch-led international investigation team states that there is 'irrefutable evidence' that a Russian Buk 9M38 missile downed the Malaysia Airlines Boeing 777 in 2014 in Ukraine, killing all 298 people on board, also concluding that the Buk missile system was brought across the border from Russia and later transported back escorted by several other vehicles and by 'armed men in uniform', according to witnesses, photographs, video, damning intercepted telephone calls, radar data, forensic examinations, tests and reconstructions
Since March 2017 Russian protests: Since March 2017 Russian protests
May/June 2017: 14 May 2017: Thousands of protesters took to the streets of Moscow in a rally against a bill to tear down Soviet-era low-rise apartment buildings and force them to live in high-rise blocks - 9 June 2017: Russia's Alexei Navalny claims, if he is elected president, he is ready to withdraw Russian troops from the occupied areas of eastern Ukraine and hold a fair referendum in the Russian-annexed Crimea - 13 June 2017: Over 1,500 people were detained mainly in Moscow and St Petersburg at nationwide anti-corruption protests and demonstrations, as Navalny supporters face court who himself was arrested at his block of flats before he could even make his way to the protest and quickly slapped with a 30-day jail sentence - 13 June 2017: As 800 people were detained in Moscow and 900 in St Petersburg, several protesters were sentenced to 15 days in jail, including the opposition politician Ilya Yashin and political partner of Boris Nemtsov, who was murdered in 2015 - 23 June 2017: Russian opposition politician and anti-corruption activist Alexei Navalny barred from standing against Putin in election, according to the regime’s Central Election Commission saying he was ineligible to run for office
February/March 2018: 12 February 2018: Yabloko opposition party warns of a string of attacks on political and civic activists in St. Petersburg in the past month, including the late January death of local activist Konstantin Sinitsyn, the beating of human rights activist Dinar Idrisov and the kidnapping and reported torture of antifascist activists Viktor Filinkov, Igor Shishkin and Ilya Kapustin - 25 février 2018: Plusieurs milliers de personnes ont défilé dimanche à Moscou pour rendre hommage à l'ancien opposant à Vladimir Poutine, abattu le 27 février 2015 en plein centre de la capitale russe alors qu'il travaillait sur un rapport concernant le conflit en Ukraine - 25 February 2018: At least three people were detained at the Moscow march, as about 7,600 democrats gathered to honor slain opposition politician Boris Nemtsov and as rallies were also held in several other cities, including St. Petersburg and Yekaterinburg - 25 February 2018: Disparate political movements in opposition to Russia's Putin came together for a brief few hours to march in the memory of murdered opposition politician Boris Nemtsov - 17 March 2018: Days before Russia’s presidential elections, police are trying to seize documents that give activist observers access to polling stations and independent elections watchdog Golos has unexpectedly seen its office lease revoked
May 2018: 5 May 2018: Pro-democracy and anti-Putin protest rallies titled 'He's not our tsar' launched across Rusian cities, set up by supporters of the Russian opposition's Alexei Navalny, also saying 'Enough lies' and 'Enough war' - 5 mai 2018: Plusieurs manifestants qui se sont réunis pour contester l'investiture de Poutine, ont été interpellés 'de manière brutale' - 7 May 2018: The infamous 'Cossacks' who were seen whipping and beating up peaceful protesters at a #notourtsar rally in Moscow had previously taken part in Donbas hostilities as part of Putin regime's proxy forces in his hybrid war against Ukraine and are to patrol the streets of the Russian capital at the World Cup - 11 mai 2018: L'opposant Navalny de retour au tribunal pour avoir organisé des manifestations avant l'investiture de Poutine pour un quatrième mandat, dispersées manu militari par la police assistée d'unités paramilitaires
July 2018 protests against retirement age hike: 1 July 2018: Thousands of Russians protested on Sunday in 39 cities across the country over a government decision to increase the retirement age, but there were no demonstrations in the cities hosting the World Cup because of security restrictions in force during the tournament - 19 July 2018: From Omsk to St. Petersburg, Russians took to the streets to protest the government’s controversial pension reform program that would see a hike in the country’s retirement age, a plan announced the day the football World Cup began, and that would see the age raised gradually from 60 to 65 for men, and from 55 to 63 for women - 29 juillet 2018: Des dizaines de milliers de Russes à Moscou et dans des dizaines d'autres villes ont participé samedi à des manifestations organisées à travers le pays par le Parti communiste contre un projet de hausse de l'âge du départ à la retraite
June 2019 journalist Ivan Golunov detained and severely beaten: 8 June 2019: Russian journalist Ivan Golunov, known for investigating corruption among Moscow city officials, was detained in central Moscow on Thursday on his way to a meeting with a source and has been charged with large-scale drug trafficking, but his lawyer, his employer and colleagues say he has been framed - 9 June 2019: Russian journalist Ivan Golunov released and moved to house arrest after hundreds of supporters picket police HQ, pending trial on drug charges - 10 June 2019: In a show of rare solidarity, Russia's three major newspapers put out nearly identical front pages to support detained journalist Ivan Golunov, as Kommersant, Vedomosti and RBK, among the most respected daily newspapers in Russia, published a joint editorial under the headline 'I am/We are Ivan Golunov', calling for a transparent probe into the case of the prominent investigative journalist
11/12 June 2019 charges against Golunov dropped, protesters detained: 11 June 2019: Thousands of protesters are to march in Moscow in support investigative journalist Ivan Golunov, arrested on controversial drug-dealing charges that are widely seen as an attempt to silence his reports on corruption, as more than 20,000 people have so far expressed an interest on Facebook in attending the march on Wednesday - 11 juin 2019: Les autorités russes ont disculpé mardi le journaliste d'investigation Ivan Golounov, qui été accusé de trafic de drogue dans une affaire qui a provoqué l'indignation de la société civile - 12 June 2019: At least 423 people reportedly detained in central Moscow as protesters rallied to demand that charges be brought against the police officers who planted drugs on investigative journalist Ivan Golunov, whose arrest sparked widespread public anger
Politics of Chechnya: Politics of Chechnya
Dagestan: Dagestan
Foreign relations of Russia: Foreign relations of Russia
Wars involving the Russian Empire: Wars involving the 1721-1917 Russian Empire
Since 1999/2000 Putin's KGB-regime and Russia's foreign policy: Russia's foreign policy and Putin regime since 1999/2000
Propaganda and cyberwarfare in the Russian Federation: Propaganda in the Russian Federation
Since 2013/2014 Ukrainian crisis in Russian media and critical reactions in Russia: Since 2013/2014 media portrayal of the Ukrainian crisis and critical reactions in Russia
Since 2003 'web brigades' and 'Internet Research Agency': Since 2003 Russian 'web brigades' (known as Russia's troll army, Russian bots, Kremlinbots, troll factory, or troll farms) are state-sponsored anonymous Internet political commentators and trolls linked to the Russian Putin regime, participants report that they are organized into teams and groups of commentators that participate in Russian and international political blogs and Internet forums using sockpuppets and large-scale orchestrated trolling and disinformation campaigns to promote pro-Putin and pro-Russian propaganda - Since 2013 'Internet Research Agency' (known in Russian Internet slang as the Trolls from Olgino), a Russian company based in Saint Petersburg and engaged in online influence operations on behalf of Russian business and political interests
Propaganda and use of social media in the Russian Federation: Propaganda and use of social media in the Russian Federation
Since 2011 Russian involvement in the Syrian Civil War: Since 2011 Russian involvement in Assad's war against the Syrian people
Since 2011 vetoed UN Security Council resolutions on Syria, vetoed by Russia and China: Vetoed United Nations Security Council resolutions on Syria, vetoed by Russia and China since 2011
Since 2015 Russian military intervention in the Syrian Civil War: Since 2015 Russian military intervention in Assad's war against the Syrian people
2016: 22 January 2016: Russian warships make display of might in eastern Mediterranean off coast of Syria - 30 June 2016: Thanks in no small part to Russia, Hezbollah is now a full-fledged army, learning Russian methods of war, becoming familiar with advanced Russian weaponry, coming to understand the latest Russian technologies, and in some cases, actually fighting alongside Russian special forces - 6 July 2016: Three Palestinians were killed and at least five injured by apparent Russian airstrikes on Monday targeting the Khan al-Shih neighborhood southwest of Damascus which is considered a Palestinian refugee camp, causing heavy damage to civilian houses and destroying a building housing the foundation’s Child Friendly Space, according to the Jafra Foundation - 14 November 2016: Russian regime's warplane MiG-29 has crashed into the eastern Mediterranean as it was coming in to land on the Admiral Kuznetsov aircraft carrier off the coast of Syria - 21 November 2016: Russian MiG-29 jet fighter from the Admiral Kuznetsov carrier reportedly crashed into the sea because the arrestor gear rope snapped and engine failure
Since 2014 Crimea annexation following Russian military intervention in Ukraine:
International membership of the Russian Federation, obstruction and aggression: International membership of the Russian Federation - Multilateral relations of Russia
Russia/United Nations relations: Russia/United Nations relations
2014: 5 March 2014: UN special envoy, Dutch diplomat Robert Serry, was forced to abandon a mission to Ukraine's Russian-occupied Crimea region after being stopped by armed men and besieged inside a cafe by a hostile crowd shouting 'Russia! Russia!' - 13 March 2014: The UN Security Council is discussing a possible resolution that would reaffirm Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity - 15 March: Russia vetoes UN resolution against Crimea referendum - 27 March: Backing Ukraine’s territorial integrity, UN General Assembly declares Crimea secession vote invalid - 29 March: Russia threatened several Eastern European, Asian and African states with retaliation if they voted in favor of a UN resolution against its annexation of Crimea, UN diplomats say - 2 April: In a diplomatic blow to Russia, the UN will continue to view Crimea as part of Ukraine in line with a General Assembly resolution - 14 April: As UN Security Council meets over Ukraine and well-organised pro-Russian attackers using Russian-origin automatic weapons, Britain's UN ambassador says Russia had massed tens of thousands of well-equipped troops near the Ukrainian border in addition to the 25,000 troops it recently moved into Crimea to seize it - 13 June 2014: The Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar people calls on UN, OSCE to protect civilians in Crimea - 17 June: Russia again finds no support at UN Security Council for a resolution on the humanitarian situation in Ukraine - 6 August: UN Security Council supports Ukraine, points to Russia as a source of military crisis
2015: 1 March 2015: UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon on Saturday condemned the assassination of Russian opposition leader Boris Nemtsov adding that he expects the perpetrators to be brought to justice swiftly - 19 March: Russia refuses to participate in UN Security Council meeting on Crimea - 21 March 2015: Russia to block UN mission in Donbas and will not vote in the UN Security Council on the draft resolution to deploy peacekeepers, regime's Lavrov says - 24 October 2015: UNHCR's Amin Awad says that Russian airstrikes and increased fighting around the Syrian city of Aleppo had contributed to the 'dynamic of displacement', with about 30,000 displaced, as the UN Office for Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs puts the number at 50,000 - 31 October 2015: Making reference to the 'brazen and brutal erosion of respect for international humanitarian law', which was characterized by indiscriminate attacks on civilians areas, such as one reported yesterday in a marketplace in Syria and credited to government forces, UN's Ban Ki-moon along with the head of the ICRC calls for action to stop suffering by ending conflict, saying 'Enough is enough' - 2 November 2015: Assad regime’s air force is dropping dozens of barrel bombs on areas across Syria, just one day after Russia's ambassador to the UN Vitaly Churkin’s announcement that the Assad regime stopped the use of barrel bombs - 3 November 2015: At least 191 civilians were killed in Douma during the month of October as regime and Russian air strikes targeted several neighborhoods of the city, with 74 deaths recorded over the last three days - 2 December 2015: Citing Russia's bombing of the Al-Khafsa water treatment facility in Aleppo province on Thursday Unicef's Hanaa Singer condemns airstrikes cutting water supplies to Aleppo, noting that 'the rules of war, including those meant to protect vital civilian infrastructure, continue to be broken on a daily basis'
Russian regime and the international criminal court:
Putin regime's war crimes, regime's terrorism and politics of lying:
Russia/Europe relations:
Since 1996 Arctic Council Russian membership: Since 1996 Arctic Council Russian membership
Arctic policy of Russia and territorial claims: Arctic policy of Russia - Territorial claims in the Arctic
2013 'Arctic Sunrise' Greenpeace protests: September 2013 'Arctic Sunrise' Greenpeace protests against Russian Gazprom - Gazprom's Prirazlomnaya oil platform and environmental issues - 2013 Greenpeace Arctic Sunrise ship case - 20 September 2013: Russia to tow Greenpeace ship to the port of Murmansk after armed raid - 25 September: The Netherlands asks Russia for the immediate release of 30 Greenpeace activists arrested for a high seas protest against Arctic oil exploration - 27 September: Russian court orders Greenpeace activists to be held without charge - 27 September: The 30 activists from the Greenpeace ship Arctic Sunrise being held by Russia hail from 18 different countries - 29 septembre: Un tribunal russe a ordonné dimanche le placement en détention pour deux mois de six autres membres de l'équipage du navire de Greenpeace, l'Arctic Sunrise - 4 octobre: Trente militants de Greenpeace inculpés de 'piraterie' par la justice russe - 5 October: Greenpeace solidarity protests worldwide to free journalists and activists held in Russian prison - 9 octobre: La Russie accentue la pression sur les militants Greenpeace de l'Arctique - 17 octobre: 11 Prix Nobel de la Paix écrivent à Poutine prenant la défense des 30 membres d'équipage d'un navire de Greenpeace arrêtés en septembre - 21 October: The Netherlands on Monday asked the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea to order Russia to free the crew of the Greenpeace activist ship Arctic Sunrise - 23 octobre: La Russie réduit les charges de l'équipage Greenpeace à 'hooliganisme', punissable de sept ans - 27 octobre: Des militants de Greenpeace dénoncent leurs conditions de détention - 16 November: Greenpeace organised protests in 263 cities around the world on Saturday to mark two months since 30 of its environmental activists were jailed in Russia - 21 novembre: Huit militants de Greenpeace libérés sous caution en Russie - 22 November: UN-mandated International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea orders Russia to free Greenpeace activists - 25 December: Russia drops charges against 19 Greenpeace activists - 27 December: Dutch Greenpeace activist Faiza Oulahsen who spent more than two months in Russian prison says the ordeal has made her 'even more dedicated' to saving the Arctic environment - 28 décembre: Des militants de Greenpeace amnistiés demandent des excuses à la Russie - 25 August 2015: A court in the Netherlands has ordered Russia to pay compensation for seizing the Greenpeace ship Arctic Sunrise during a protest against an offshore oil platform two years ago, ruling that Russia violated international maritime conventions
Bilateral relations of Russia: Bilateral relations of Russia
Russia/Afghanistan relations: Russia/Afghanistan relations
Russia/Africa relations: Russia/Africa relations
Russia/Argentina relations: Russia/Argentina relations
Russia/Armenia relations: Russia/Armenia relations
Russia/Australia relations: Russia/Australia relations
Russia/Austria relations: Russia/Austria relations
Russia/Belarus relations: Russia/Belarus relations
April 2015 Lukashenko refuses to attend 'Victory Day Parade in Mocow' with Chinese regime's Xi Jinping and North Korea's dictator Kim Jong Un: 19 April 2015: Belarus' Lukashenko refuses to attend Victory Day Parade in Mocow on May 9 as Chinese regime's Xi Jinping and North Korea's dictator Kim Jong Un are the most high-profile leaders to attend
Russia/Bosnia and Herzegovina relations: Russia/Bosnia and Herzegovina relations
Russia/Cameroon relations: Russia/Cameroon relations
Russia/Canada relations: Russia/Canada relations - Uranium One
Russia/Central African Republic relations: Russia/Central African Republic relations
Russia/PR of China relations: Russia/PR of China relations (since 1991)
Russia/Cyprus relations: Russia/Cyprus relations
Russia/Estonia relations: Russia/Estonia relations
2015: 3 March: At the same time as EU imposes sanctions against Russian aggression, Putin's European extremist allies are not ashamed to support his regime - 21 March: EU far-right parties set to gather in St. Petersburg for Russian forum, as Russian regime courts EU far-right, neo-Nazi movements - 1 July: A move in Russia to review the legality of 1991 decision granting Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia independence has alarmed the Baltic States - 24 October 2015: As Russian airstrikes push more migrants to flee to EU before borders shut and sea gets rougher, more Syrians risk deadly crossings to Greece after more than 502,000 refugees and migrants have entered Greece since the beginning of this year - 7 November 2015: The plan to construct a Russian undersea pipeline to Germany, in order eliminate Ukraine as a transit country, has hit the buffers after a number of EU states raised objections to the deal
May 2016 Europe a Russian gangster playground: 12 May 2016: How Europe became a Russian gangster playground
Russia/France relations: Russia/France relations
1812 French invasion of Russia: French invasion of Russia 1812
Russian 'Fancy Bear' and French elections 2016–2017: Russian 'Fancy Bear' and French elections 2016–2017
Russia/Georgia relations: Russia/Georgia relations
1918-1920 Georgian–Ossetian conflict: Georgian–Ossetian conflict 1918–1920
1991–1992 South Ossetia War: 1991–1992 South Ossetia War
2008 Russo-Georgian diplomatic crisis and August 2008 Russo-Georgian War: 2008 Russo-Georgian diplomatic crisis - August 2008 Russo-Georgian War
Russia/Germany relations: Russia/Germany relations
2016: 29 January 2016: Russian FM Sergei Lavrov calls for 'truth and justice' in a Russian teen's fabricated rape claim by alleged Middle East migrants in Berlin, as Russian regime is murdering hundreds of civilians including children in Syria since months - 31 January 2016: 13-year-old Russian-German girl has admitted making up a story about being kidnapped and raped by migrants, exacerbated by a report on Russian state TV, in which the girl’s relatives claimed her allegations were not being investigated, and that triggered outrage among Berlin’s Russian-German community, staging protests supported by the Pegida-related Bärgida movement, the Neonazi National Democratic party, and joint by Russian FM Sergei Lavrov, who criticised the Berlin authorities - 24 April: Nearly half of Germans in favour of sanctions against Russia and 64% of respondents of a survey say 'Putin's Russia is no longer a 'trusted partner' - 5 June: Updated version of the guidelines on Germany's national security policy states that Russia now is one of the main threats - 16 June 2016: Mob of Russian 'ultras' put Spanish football fan in hospital in Germany, punching and kicking two tourists and their friends in an 'extremely aggressive and brutal' way - 29 November 2016: German intelligence agency official says in an interview, that cyberspace had become 'a place of hybrid warfare' in which Russia is a key player, 'recently, we see the willingness of Russian intelligence to carry out sabotage', also carrying out attacks on computer systems which, as far as his agency had been able to ascertain, were 'aimed at comprehensive strategic data gathering'
July 2017: 4 July 2017: Violent acts by neo-Nazi groups in Germany rose 14% to 1,600 in 2016, annual BfV intelligence and government report says, seeing 'a clear radicalization in both substance and rhetoric regarding asylum matters', also saying that Germany is a big target of spying and cyberattacks by foreign governments such as Russia, Iran, China and Turkey, warning of 'ticking time bombs' that could sabotage critical infrastructure, and assuming 'that Russian state agencies are trying to influence parties, politicians and public opinion, with a particular eye to the 2017 parliamentary election' - 11. Juli 2017: Siemens hat Klage bei einem Moskauer Gericht wegen Vertragsbruchs eingereicht, nachdem mindestens zwei von Siemens nach Russland gelieferte Gasturbinen vertrags- und sanktionswidrig auf die Krim weitertransportiert wurden
August/September 2019 assassination of Zelimkhan Khangoshvili in Berlin: 23 August 2019 assassination of Zelimkhan Khangoshvili - 30 August 2019: Similar to the Skripal case, suspected assassin 'Vadim Andreevich Sokolov' in the Berlin killing of Zelimkhan Khangoshvili used fake identity documents, a valid Moscow-issued passport and cover identity, created very recently and most likely custom-made for the specific operation in Berlin, leading to the possibilities that he may have been assassinated in an operation led by either of the FSB, the GRU or even Ramzan Kadyrov’s apparatus, Bellingcat says - 3 September 2019: Suspected assassin 'Vadim Sokolov' visited by Russian diplomats - 4 September 2019: Protesters demonstrate outside the Russian embassy in Berlin against the suspected assassination of Chechen Khangoshvili, as British historian and specialist in Russian Intelligence Services Mark Galeotti sees parallels between this case and the attack on Skripal in the UK, saying that the new case is 'probably an assassination choreographed by state elements in Russia' - 17 September 2019: Russian suspect stays silent over Chechen's killing in Berlin, as Russian authorities had not helped the investigation so far
19 December 2019 forced to do so Putin admits brazen lie: 19. Dezember 2019: Putin gibt Falschbehauptung zu über Mord im Kleinen Tiergarten
Russia/Greece relations: Russia/Greece relations
Russia/Hungary relations: Russia/Hungary relations
2015 military cooperation pact and nuclear support: 20 January 2015: Iran and Russia reportedly agreed to a military cooperation pact - 23 February: Iran studies Russian offer of new missiles instead of S-300 - 13 April: Russian regime lifts ban on delivery of S-300 anti-missile rocket systems to Iran, that could be used to shield Iran's nuclear facilities from possible future air strikes and had been under embargo for the past five years - 26 May: Russia agrees to supply S-300 missiles to Iran at 'the earliest opportunity' - 14 July 2015: Russian FM Lavrov says, after a deal was reached on curbing Iran's nuclear programme, that arms deliveries to Tehran will be possible, warning Israel not to supply weapons to Ukraine - 31 July: Russia modernising S-300 missile system for Iran - 18 August: Iran will sign a contract with Russia next week to buy four S-300 surface-to-air missile systems - 16 September 2015: Russian regime agrees to help Iranian regime upgrade its uranium-enriching centrifuges - 8 October 2015: After Iran lobbied in the summer for Russian campaign in Syria, Russian cruise missiles fired from ships in Caspian Sea and aimed at Syria land in Iran and may have caused injuries - 9 November 2015: Russia and Iran have signed a contract to deliver the advanced S-300 missile defense system to the Iranian regime, already entered into force
10 November 2019 2nd Bushehr nuclear power reactor with Russian regime's help: 10 November 2019: Iran begins building 2nd nuclear power reactor at Bushehr with Russian regime's help
Russia/Iraq relations: Russia/Iraq relations
September 2018: 20 September 2018: Russia’s embassy in Tel Aviv excoriates Israel for the downing of a Russian plane by the Russian-made S-200 air defense system in Syria during an Israeli strike, pinning the blame squarely on the Israeli Air Force, as Israel Defense Minister Liberman blames 'irresponsible and unprofessional' Syrian air defense operators for downing Russian surveillance plane, saying Israel won’t stop Syria strikes, and as Israel PM Netanyahu says that Israel must work to prevent war in the region, but warns that the IDF will act with 'full force' if armed conflict is forced on the country - 23 September 2018: Israeli military rejects Russian regime’s claim that it was to blame for Assad's downing of a Russian spy plane, vows to keep targeting Iran - 24 September 2018: Reportedly before Assad's downing of a Russian plane, Russian regime told Israel, that attacking Assad's targets harms Russian interests because Israeli strikes weaken Assad and Russia's goal is to strengthen Assad's dictatorship - 24 September 2018: Russian regime will outfit Assad's military with its sophisticated S-300 air defense system in the wake of Assad's downing of a Russian military plane - 24 September 2018: Israel and USA warned Russian regime against its declared intention to provide the Syrian military with advanced surface-to-air missiles within two weeks, saying the move would further destabilize the region and increase already high tensions
27/28 June 2019 Russian 'spoofing': 27 June 2019: Israeli officials accused Russian regime of responsibility for the ongoing disruptions to the satellite navigation systems of airplanes flying around Ben Gurion International Airport, appearing to stem from a form of electronic warfare known as 'spoofing' with disruptions it causes to nearby aircraft and ships, and to originate in Syria, where Russian troops and aircraft are fighting on behalf of the country’s dictator Bashar Assad - 28 June 2019: Signals disrupting satellite navigation for planes flying through Israeli airspace in recent weeks originate inside a Russian air base inside Syria, according to USA researcher, saying signals are detectable from space, appearing to come from new deployment of Russian regime’s electronic warfare systems
Russia/Italy relations: Russia/Italy relations
Russia/Japan relations: Russia/Japan relations
Uranium One: Uranium One
Russia/North Korea relations: Russia/North Korea relations
Russia/South Korea relations: Russia/South Korea relations
Russia/Latvia relations: Russia/Latvia relations - Russians in Latvia
Russia/Libya relations: Russia/Libya relations relations
Russia/Republic of Macedonia relations: Russia/Republic of Macedonia relations
Russia/Malaysia relations: Russia/Malaysia relations
2015: 8 October 2015: The 'Bellingcat' open source investigation into the downing of Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17 summarizes that on 17 July 2014 a Buk missile launcher, originating from the 53rd Brigade near Kursk in Russia, travelled from Donetsk to Snizhne, was then unloaded and drove under its own power to a field south of Snizhne, where at approximately 4:20 pm it launched a surface-to-air missile that hit Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17 as it flew over Ukraine, and was driven back on the morning of July 18 from Luhansk in Ukraine across the border to Russia, adding that 'alternative scenarios presented by the Russian Ministry of Defense and Almaz-Antey are at best deeply flawed, and at worst show a deliberate attempt to mislead using fabricated evidence' - 13 October: International investigators have concluded that Malaysia Airlines flight MH17 was shot down by a Russian-made BUK missile fired from rebel-held eastern Ukraine on 17 July 2014, a Dutch paper says ahead of the official report - 13 October: Dutch MH17 report suggests efforts were made by Russian-backed separatists to cover up causes of disaster, including a bungled autopsy in which metal fragments from a Russian-made Buk missile were deliberately removed, as the chairman of the safety board Tjibbe Joustra says to Dutch journalists in the corridor of parliament that the Buk missile was fired from an area controlled by Russian-backed separatists
Russia/Malta relations: Russia/Malta relations
Russia/Montenegro relations: Russia/Montenegro relations
Russia/NATO relations: Russia/NATO relations - 11 April 2014: NATO satellite photos show Russian military build-up near Ukraine - 15 May 2014: Russia has not taken one single step to fulfill its Geneva commitments of April 17, NATO's Rasmussen says - 23 May: Russia refuses from meeting with NATO on Ukraine, planned for May 27 - 30 September: Over half of Ukrainians see Ukraine in NATO, poll says - 1/2 October 2014: Taking up office as NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg says that NATO wishes to achieve a constructive relationship with Russia but that the prerequisites for such a relationship are currently not present, adding that the crisis in Ukraine, caused by Russia’s military intervention, is a major challenge to Euro-Atlantic security and that Russia remains in breach of international law
2015: 16 June 2015: Russian regime's adding of 40 new intercontinental ballistic missiles to its nuclear arsenal slammed by NATO's Jens Stoltenberg as 'dangerous' and 'nuclear sabre rattling' - 4 July: Sweden and NATO jets intercept Russian nuclear bombers, coming close to Swedish airspace - 31 July 2015: NATO jets have been scrambled to intercept Russian military planes over Europe 250 times this year, the highest number since the end of the Cold War - 8 October 2015: NATO prepares major troop deployment to Turkey after a series of violations of Turkish airspace by Russian jets bombing Syria - 25 November 2015: NATO's Jens Stoltenberg offers support for Turkey after a Russian fighter jet was shot down near the Syrian border, rejecting any suggestion that the incident happened outside of Turkey's borders
Russia/Netherlands relations: Russia/Netherlands relations
September 2013 'Arctic Sunrise' Greenpeace protests against Russian Gazprom: September 2013 'Arctic Sunrise' Greenpeace protests against Russian Gazprom - 20 September 2013: Russia to tow Greenpeace ship to the port of Murmansk after armed raid - 25 September: The Netherlands asks Russia for the immediate release of 30 Greenpeace activists arrested for a high seas protest against Arctic oil exploration - 27 September: Russian court orders Greenpeace activists to be held without charge - 4 October: Greenpeace International applauds Dutch arbitration over Arctic 30 - 16 October: Attack on Dutch deputy head of mission in Russia by unidentified assailants deepens Dutch-Russian rift - 21 October: The Netherlands on Monday asked the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea to order Russia to free the crew of the Greenpeace activist ship Arctic Sunrise
July-December 2014: 17 July 2014 Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17 shot down near Hrabove with a surface-to-air missile - 19 July: Amid reports that pro-Russia separatists accused of shooting down MH17 flight remove corpses themselves and are looting credit cards and other possessions, Dutch PM Mark Rutte and more global politicians round on Vladimir Putin as separatists continue to block international inspectors attempting to identify and repatriate bodies - 20 July 2014: As inspectors still denied access and anger mounts towards Russian regime, that is not yet ready to abandon separatists, UN considers resolution on Ukraine crash site access - 8 August 2014: Dutch FM Timmermans fears that the Russian policy towards Ukraine can be applied in other countries, and it poses a threat to the whole of Europe - 19 December 2014: Bodies of MH17 victims ‘contain missile fragments', Ukraine's SBU security service says
2015: 16 April: A Russian museum plans to exhibit a plane fragment from downed flight MH17, despite the fact Dutch investigators are still combing the area for evidence - 16 July 2015: Reports suggest investigation into flight MH17 disaster will accuse Russian-backed militants, but Russia's Putin tells Dutch PM that creating UN tribunal is counterproductive - 17 July 2015: A newly released video from the immediate aftermath of the 2014 shooting down of Malaysia Airlines flight MH17 reveals pro-Russian separatists rummaging through the luggage of dead passengers while apparently in a state of confusion - 8 October 2015: The 'Bellingcat' open source investigation into the downing of Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17 summarizes that on 17 July 2014 a Buk missile launcher, originating from the 53rd Brigade near Kursk in Russia, travelled from Donetsk to Snizhne, was then unloaded and drove under its own power to a field south of Snizhne, where at approximately 4:20 pm it launched a surface-to-air missile that hit Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17 as it flew over Ukraine, and was driven back on the morning of July 18 from Luhansk in Ukraine across the border to Russia, adding that 'alternative scenarios presented by the Russian Ministry of Defense and Almaz-Antey are at best deeply flawed, and at worst show a deliberate attempt to mislead using fabricated evidence' - 13 October: International investigators have concluded that Malaysia Airlines flight MH17 was shot down by a Russian-made BUK missile fired from rebel-held eastern Ukraine on 17 July 2014, a Dutch paper says ahead of the official report - 13 October: Dutch MH17 report suggests efforts were made by Russian-backed separatists to cover up causes of disaster, including a bungled autopsy in which metal fragments from a Russian-made Buk missile were deliberately removed, as the chairman of the safety board Tjibbe Joustra says to Dutch journalists in the corridor of parliament that the Buk missile was fired from an area controlled by Russian-backed separatists
Russia/New Zealand relations: Russia/New Zealand relations
Russia/Norway relations: Russia/Norway relations
Russia/Palestinian territories relations: Russia/Palestinian territories relations
Russia/Philippines relations: Russia/Philippines relations
Russia/Poland relations: Russia/Poland relations
Since 1772 Russian Partition: Since 1772 Russian Partition
Aftermath of the First World War: Aftermath of the First World War
2014/2015: 29 April: The Visegrad Group foreign ministers of Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary condemn Russia's aggression against Ukraine - 10 June 2014: In St. Petersburg Poland's FM Sikorski urges Russia to stop sending terrorists to Ukraine - 28 April 2015: Polish border guards denied entry to Putin's 'Night Wolves' bikers, supporting Russia’s annexation of Crimea and aggression in Donbas and wanting to ride through Poland to commemorate the Red Army’s victory over Nazi Germany in 1945 - 19 July 2015: Russian regime is ramping up its military prescence in Kaliningrad, the Baltic territory of one million people wedged between EU members Poland and Lithuania, with fears growing that the military build-up could threaten stability in the region, 70 years after World War II - 26 September 2015: Poland will summon Russia's envoy after he said Poland was partly to blame for the outbreak of World War II
Russia/Qatar relations: Russia/Qatar relations
Russia/Spain relations: Russia/Spain relations
Russia/Sweden relations: Russia/Sweden relations
Russia/Switzerland relations: Russia/Switzerland relations
February 2014 Ueli Maurer gives gifts to Polonium- and Sarin-Putin in the 'House of Switzerland': 16. Februar 2014: Putin von Bundesrat Ueli Maurer im 'House of Switzerland' empfangen und mit Geschenken begrüsst
April/May 2018 Swiss corporations's payments: In April 2018, the USA imposed sanctions on 'Renova Group' Vekselberg and 23 other Russian nationals - 9 May 2018: Donald Trump’s attorney and legal fixer Michael Cohen was paid half a million dollars by through an affiliate of the Renova investment group owned by Viktor Vekselberg and closely linked to Vladimir Putin - 10 May 2018: USA's special counsel Robert Mueller investigating payments made by corporations to Trump’s attorney Michael Cohen, including Swiss pharmaceuticals company Novartis, as Novartis confirmed it had paid Cohen $1.2m - 23 May 2018: Columbus Nova, an investment firm and the USA affiliate of Moscow-based Renova Group corporation owned by Viktor Vekselberg, that paid Donald Trump’s legal fixer Michael Cohen, was also involved in securing hundreds of millions of dollars in funding for the Russian oligarch from Russian state-controlled VTB Bank with ties to Russia’s intelligence services
Russia/Syria relations: Russia/Syria relations
2012: 19. März 2012: Stark gestiegene Waffenimporte aus Rußland - 10 June: Russia will continue to oppose attempts by the UN Security Council to sanction military intervention in Syria, FM Lavrov says - 12 June 2012: Russia supplying attack helicopters to Syria, says Hillary Clinton - 16 June 2012: Russia may send warships and troops to Syria to protect its logistics base in Tartous, according to a Russian military source - 21 June 2012: Russia must stop providing military supplies to Syria, Arab League's Ahmed Bin Hilli says - 9. Juli 2012: Russland will vorerst keine Waffen mehr an Syrien liefern - 11 juillet: Le chef du Conseil national syrien Abdel Basset Sayda à Moscou pour presser la Russie de lâcher Assad - 11 July 2012: Russia sends a large flotilla of 11 warships to Syria in show of support to Assad - 20 July: Assad ready for ‘civilised’ exit, Russia’s ambassador to France A. Orlov says to Radio France Internationale - 20. Juli 2012: Russische Regierung stoppt angeblich erneut seine Waffenlieferungen an Assad, diesmal im Juni fast angelieferte, dann dementierte Kampfhelikopter - 24 August: Russia's Polonium-Putin regime says Syria's Assad regime has guaranteed it will not deploy its arsenal of chemical weapons - 14 December: Russian deputy FM says opposition fighters are gaining ground and that an opposition victory 'cannot be ruled out' - 18 December: Russia is sending a new flotilla of warships to the Mediterranean - 20 December 2012: Russia's Polonium-Putin recognizes need for change in Syria
2013: 16 January 2013: Bashar al-Assad and his family are living on a warship guarded by the Russian navy, reports say - 23 January: Russians flee Syrian conflict on planes from Beirut - 27 January: PM Medvedev says Assad's chances of keeping power are getting 'smaller and smaller' as war rages - 3 February: Syrian National Coalition's Mouaz al-Khatib has met the foreign ministers of Russia and Iran in first talks raising hope to a possible breakthrough - 13 février 2013: La Russie continuera de livrer des armes à la Syrie - 3 May 2013: Russia and China have rejected UN Security Council plans to inspect Syrian refugee camps in Jordan - 29 May 2013: Russia to send Assad regime air defence system - 31 May 2013: Russia to sell at least 10 MiG fighters in an advanced version to Assad regime, that bombs and murders the own people - 18 June 2013: As the G8 summit calls for immediate peace talks on Syria, isolated Russian Putin clashes with other leaders - 27 June 2013: Iran, Russia and China prop up Assad economy - 11 July: Syria opposition denies Russian chemical attack allegation as Russia blocks a draft UN Security Council resolution calling for a stalled UN chemical weapons investigation team to be allowed to visit Syria - 29 August: Russia sends warships to Mediterranean - 2 September: Russia sending spy ship to Mediterranean - 4 September: Russia sends missile cruiser to Mediterranean - 18 September: Russia 'ignoring facts' over Syria attack, USA says after UN report on the use of chemical weapons in the Ghouta Area of Damascus on 21 August 2013
2015: 19 June 2015: Putin reaffirms Russia's support for Syria's Assad at an economic conference in the city of St Petersburg - 7 September: Russian military experts who arrived in Syria weeks ago, inspect air bases and work to enlarge some runways, particularly in the north, as Assad regime expects to get more Russian attack helicopters - 11 September: Russian regime admits on Thursday that it ships both humanitarian aid and military equipment to Syrian Assad regime by air - 14 September 2015: Russia sends artillery and T-90 tanks to Syrian Assad regime as part of continued military buildup - 15 September: Russian regime reportedly building up military presence near Latakia, flying cargo planes through Iran, Iraq airspace to resupply Assad - 16 September: International condemnation of Russia's military build-up in Syria - 17 September 2015: Assad's army starts using new Russian ground and air weapons - 18 September: Russia ready to consider sending troops to Syria if Assad regime asks, Russian regime's spokesman says - 18 September: About 100 civilians in Syria reportedly died yesterday as Assad puts new Russian weapons to use - 21 September 2015: After pro-regime forces launched a rocket attack on a market popularly in the neighborhood of Al-Shaa’r in Aleppo, killing 33 civilians, most of them women and children, Syrian Coalition condemns Russia and Iran as partners in Assad’s massacres, also stating, that Russian intervention in Syria makes it an occupying country - 22 September 2015: Russian regime sending thousands of troops, dozens of jets to Syria, supporting Assad - 23 September: Satellite images suggest Russia building military facilities in Syria - 24 September: Russia sending troops to Syria directly from Crimea, Crimean Tatars' Mustafa Dzemilev says - 27 September: After Russian planes bombed Aleppo in Syria, video footage has emerged on a social media website showing the aftermath of airstrikes - 29 September: Russia orders removal of Syrian military personnel from Lattakia airport or its surroundings - 29 September: Weapons deployed by Russia, including sophisticated air-defense system, indicate that defeating Islamic State terrorists not main goal of Russia in Syria, Nato general says - 30 September: European journalists for the first time managed to fix Russia's military presence and equipment in Syria, showing Russian military helicopters, aircrafts and AN-helicopters based at the Latakia airfield
October 2015: 1 October 2015: Russian Orthodox church backs Putin's 'holy war' in Syria - 1 October: Syrian Coalition and rebel factions condemn the Russian aggression against the Syrian people pointing out that the airstrikes on Homs and Hama where over 50 people were killed have exposed Russia's real intentions in front of the international community - 1 October: East Ghouta protest against Russia's military intervention in Syria condemning the massacres committed by the Russian air force against civilians and rejecting all forms of foreign intervention in Syria - 3 October 2015: Russian air force struck field hospitals providing medical care to civilians over the past two days, prompting the medical staff to declare a state of emergency and to evacuate all hospitals close to the Turkish border and in Hama province, Syrian Coalition says - 5 October 2015: A Russian TV forecaster predicts 'excellent weather' for bombing Syria, edited with footage from a bombing raid - 6 October: Russia drops more bombs on Syria - 7 October: Wave of Russian air strikes hit the Syrian provinces of Hama and Idlib early on Wednesday, also targeting towns close to the main north-south highway accompanied by regime forces and ground shelling - 7 October: Syrian Coalition slams Russia’s bombing of FSA’s Suqur al-Jabal Headquarters, stressing that the Russian airstrikes against Syrian rebels will boost Islamic State terrorists, adding that Islamic State targeted Suqur al-Jabal’s headquarters with a car bomb directly after the Russian air raid - 7 October: More than 90% of Russia’s military strikes in Syria have not been aimed at the Islamic State group or jihadists, and have instead targeted the moderate Syrian opposition, the USA State Department says - 8 October: An intense wave of Russian air strikes hit towns of Kafr Zita, Kafr Nabudah, Sayyad and the village of Lataminah in Hama province, as well as Khan Shaykhun and Alhbit in Idleb province, Reuters and monitoring group report - 8/9 October: Syrian National Coalition's Khaled Khoja says that the Russian invasion of Syria destabilizes the region and threatens its security, as Russian, Iranian and Syrian regime forces, supported by Russian air power, retreat from areas they have previously occupied in Hama’s northern countryside - 16 October 2015: Assad's army launches Aleppo offensive with Russian and Iranian support, the first time Iranian fighters take part on such a scale in war in Syria - 16 October 2015: The Russian air force committed an appalling massacre in the town of Terre Maaleh north of Homs when it targeted a bakery inside the town, killing civilians, mostly children, and wounding many others - 16 October 2015: An al-Souria Net correspondent in Homs has confirmed the accidental bombing of regime forces by Russian warplanes on Thursday, targeting many locations and killing two brigadiers and six soldiers - 16 October 2015: Russian-Iranian aggression on Syria has killed 878 civilians, including 86 children and 65 women, since 30 September, the largest number of victims recorded in Aleppo, where 301 civilians were killed, mostly as a result of the Russian aerial bombardment, in addition 142 people were killed in Homs, 137 Damascus and its suburbs, 100 in Dara’a, and 94 in Hama - 20 October 2015: About 120 persons died and wounded, including women and children, in a massacre by Russian warplanes in areas at the northern countryside of Lattakia - 20 October 2015: Russian warplanes carried out more airstrikes in the countryside of Lattakia, which resulted in the death of 7 people at least - 21 October 2015: 1,229 Syrians, including 125 children and 89 women, killed in Russian-Iranian aggression since 30 September, the largest number of victims was recorded in Aleppo province, where 402 civilians were killed, mostly as a result of the Russian aerial bombardment - 22 October: Russian regime tries to hide its casualties in Syria, as bodies of 26 soldiers were secretly transported to a Crimean port city - 22 October: At least three Syrian hospitals bombed since Russian airstrikes began, doctors say, as the latest attack kills at least 12 people at Sarmin hospital in Idlib province and as at least three of the victims are believed to be medical staff - 22 October 2015: The Russian airstrikes on several areas in Syria have led to a new wave of displacement, with approximately 1000 refugees arrived alone in Turkey over the past week - 23 October: Nine Russian air strikes have hit hospitals or field clinics operating in war-torn Syria, killing civilians and medical staff, Syrian medical organisation says - 23 October 2015: Russian warplanes carry out around 40 sorties on the area around Tir Mealla, Sesil, Mahatta and other areas in Homs province, as opposition factions manage to repel an attack on the town of Tir Mealla amid the unprecedented bombing campaign - 23 October 2015: 17 civilians, including six children and five women, reportedly killed in attacks of warplanes on the town of Talbeesa north of Homs - 24 October 2015: Russian warplanes carried out more airstrikes in Hama province targeting a field hospital in the town of Al-Latamneh - 24 October 2015: Russian warplanes carried out several airstrikes on areas in Jabal al-Akrad and Jabal al-Turkman in Lattakia province - 24 October 2015: As Russian airstrikes push more migrants to flee to EU before borders shut and sea gets rougher, more Syrians risk deadly crossings to Greece after more than 502,000 refugees and migrants have entered Greece since the beginning of this year - 24 October 2015: Warplanes believed to be Russian carried out more airstrikes in Idlib province, and in Hama province - 25 October 2015: 500 Syrian civilians killed as Russia maintains deadly offensive and as less than 20% of Russian strikes have targeted IS - 26 October 2015: Human Rights Watch accuses Russia of war crimes in Syria - 26 October 2015: Russian warplanes bombed Qinnisrin school in southern rural Aleppo, destroying large parts of the building, also targeting the village of Sheikh Baraka in Idlib province, murdering a woman and her two children, wounding many civilians, and targeting the villages of Zitan, Khalsa, Khan Tuman and Al-Hadir in Aleppo province - 26 October: Warplanes believed to be Russian carried out more airstrikes in Daraa province - 27 October 2015: Warplanes believed to be Russian carried out more airstrikes in Hama and Idlib province, killing civilians, and in Rif Damashq province - 28 October 2015: Russian warplanes carried out airstrikes on areas in Rif Dimashq province, in Deir Ezzor province, in Aleppo province, and in Hama and Idlib province - 28 October: Up to 30 civilians were killed and dozens wounded in Russian airstrikes across Syria yesterday, Syrian Coalition says - 29 October: Russian regime’s Syrian base in Latakia said to be a transit point for Iran’s supply of equipment and troops to Damascus - 29 October 2015: Warplanes believed to be Russian carried out more airstrikes in Daraa province, and in Aleppo province - 29 October 2015: A member in the medical staff of Al-Lataminah hospital died affected by injuries from airstrikes by Russian warplanes on the field hospital area in the northern countryside of Hama - 29 October 2015: The escalation of attacks by Russia’s air forces, which began in late September, had targeted 12 hospitals in Idlib, Aleppo and Hama provinces, including six supported by Médecins Sans Frontières, a MSF statement says - 30 October 2015: The Russian air force committed a new massacre in Syrian today hitting a market in the district of Douma, near Damascus, with ten guided missiles, killing 55 civilians and wounding 125 others, including women and children in an initial toll - 31 October 2015: In yet the bloodiest days since Russia began launching airstrikes on Syria, 227 civilians, including 43 children and 22 women, were killed in intensified air raids on Aleppo, Rural Damascus, Homs and Idlib, as the Russian airstrikes hit mainly residential areas, markets and field hospitals
November 2015: 1 November 2015: Warplanes believed to be Russian carried out more airstrikes in Aleppo province, in Idlib province - 2 November 2015: Warplanes believed to be Russian carried out more airstrikes in Idlib province, killing a child, and in Aleppo province - 3 November 2015: At least 191 civilians were killed in Douma during the month of October as regime and Russian air strikes targeted several neighborhoods of the city, with 74 deaths recorded over the last three days - 3 November 2015: Assistance Coordination Unit's relief worker Zakaria Hijazi was killed in a Russian airstrike in southern rural Aleppo and the head of Hama aid program Muyassar al-Hamdo died after succumbing to his wounds following a Russian air strike on Tamanaa village - 4 November 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carried out more airstrikes in Hama and Idlib province, in Homs province, and in Rif Damashq province - 5 November 2015: Massacres in Syria in October result in the deaths of at least 513 people including 159 children and 62 women, UK-based rights group reports, as Russian forces were responsible for 10 massacres - 5 November 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carried out more airstrikes in Aleppo province, in Homs province, and in Idlib province - 6 November 2015: Russian warplanes carried out more intensive airstrikes on areas in the towns and villages in Hama province, killing people including children, in Aleppo province - 7 November 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carried out more airstrikes in Hama province, and in Idlib province - 8 November 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carried out more airstrikes in Idlib province, in Lattakia province, and in Hama province - 9 November 2015: Motii Jalal's footage shows the moment a Russian airstrike hits the Sarmin National hospital in Idlib province, killing 12 people and injuring 20 - 10 November 2015: At least 24 Syrian civilians, including three children and a woman, reportedly killed Sunday in regime and Russian air strikes on rebel-held areas across Syria - 10 November 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carried out more airstrikes in Aleppo province, and in Idlib province - 11 November 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carried out more airstrikes in Hama province - 13 November 2015: Russia said to deploy advanced missile system in Syria's Lattakia - 13 November 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carried out more airstrikes in Aleppo province, in Hama and Idlib province, and in Rif Damashq province - 13 November 2015: The Russian air force carried seven air strikes on Benin in rural Idlib, two of which using internationally banned white phosphorous rockets, killing four civilians and wounding many more - 14 November 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carried out more airstrikes in Aleppo and Hama province - 15 November 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carried out more airstrikes in Idlib province, also on areas of Saraqib wounding a number of civilians, and in Homs province - 16 November 2015: Russia does not consider Hezbollah a terrorist group, encouraging their common agression in Syria - 16 November 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carried out more airstrikes in Hama province, and in Aleppo province, also targeting the neighborhood Karam al-Trab and al-Myassar in the city of Aleppo, which led to the death of 2 persons at least and wounded others in al-Myassar neighborhood - 17 November 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carried out more airstrikes in Hama province, and in Idlib province causing casualties - 17 November 2015: Russian airstrikes target Khan Shekhon and kill civilians in Idlib province - 18 November 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carried out more airstrikes in Idlib province, and in Lattakia province - 19 November 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carried out more airstrikes in Hama province, in Aleppo and Idlib province, carrying out deadly raids on villages and towns - 20 November 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carried out more airstrikes in Idlib province, and in Aleppo province - 21 novembre 2015: Des bombardements menés par la Russie et la Syrie ont fait une quarantaine de victimes, dont 10 enfants et des dizaines d'autres blessées, vendredi dans l'est du pays - 21 November 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carried out more airstrikes in Lattakia province, in Aleppo province - 22 November 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province, and in Idlib province, killing civilians, women and children - 23 November 2015: At least 30 civilians have been killed across Deir-ez-Zor province as Russian and Assad regime warplanes target Mayadin, Al-Bukamal, Al-Mohassan and areas surrounding Deir-ez-Zor military air base - 23 November 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province, in al-Raqqa and Idlib province - 23 November 2015: In yet new intensification of its aggression on Syria, the Russian air force bombed the headquarters of Free Aleppo University, the Faculty of Education, and the Faculty of Science in northern rural Aleppo - 23 November 2015: Russian air strikes on Deir Ezzor have caused dozens of civilian casualties, including women and children, Syrian Coalition's Khoja says stressing that instead of targeting ISIS headquarters, the Russian aggression has targeted civilians in Deir Ezzor who have made immense sacrifices on road to freedom - 24 November 2015: Russian warplanes targeted areas of the southern countryside of Aleppo and other areas of the northern countryside leading to injuries - 24 November 2015: FSA's General Ahmed Berri said that Turkey downed a Russian jet fighter after it bombed civilians in the town of Jisr al-Shughur and violated the Turkish airspace, revealing that the FSA fighters captured the one of the pilots while the second one was killed - 25 November 2015: Russian airstrikes on areas of the Turkman mount and on al-Akrad mount in Lattakia province - 25 November 2015: At least seven people died, 10 injured in an airstrike reportedly by Russian jets targeting an aid convoy in the northwestern Syrian town of Azaz near a border crossing with Turkey - 26 November: Syrian Coalition strongly condemns the Russian air force’s targeting of a relief aid convoy near Izaz, which left six civilians killed and burnt eight trucks, as Russia also intensified air strikes on the rebel-held villages along the Turkish border in northern rural Latakia
- 26 November 2015: Russian warplanes target areas in Homs province and in Aleppo province - 27 November 2015: Russia renewed its air strikes on aid vehicles near the Turkish border, targeting a convoy in Sarmada in Idlib province - 27 November 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Lattakia province, in Homs province, in Aleppo province, and in Idlib province - 27 November: Russian warplanes bombarded areas in Hama and Lattakia province - 28 November 2015: The Russian air force has intensified aerial attacks on areas in the provinces of Aleppo, Idlib and Latakia, targeting relief convoys, vital civilians facilities, a marketplace in Awijil, and a bus station Al-Dana, leaving dozens of civilian casualties - 28 November 2015: A man was killed by Russian airstrikes on Wadi al-Ahmar in Homs province - 28 November 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Homs province - 28 November 2015: Russian terror warplanes raid areas of al-Taman’a, al-Maghara, Benech, and Ma’ra al-Nu’man in Idlib province, killing 3 people and wounding 6 in Ma’ra al-Nu’man - 28 November 2015: Russian terror warplanes target Der al-Asafir in Rif Damashq province, wounding a number of civilians - 29 November 2015: Russian terror warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Hama province, killing at least a woman and a baby in the village of Jeb al-Rayyan and injuring people - 29 November 2015: Russian air strikes kill at least 18 people and wound dozens more in the town of Ariha in Idlib province on Sunday - 30 November 2015: Rose to 21 the including 4 children, the number of civilians who were killed by a massacre by Russian warplanes targeted Ariha city, reports of more human losses under the rubbish - 30 November 2015: Russian air strikes kill four civilians in the eastern suburbs of Damascus targeting the village of Deir al Asafir amid reports rebels have recaptured ground in eastern rural Damascus, while regime warplanes carried out more than 44 raids on Daraya west of Damascus, dropping more than 32 barrel bombs - 30 November 2015: Russian terror warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes on I’zaz area in Aleppo province killing 2 persons while others wounded
December 2015: 1 December 2015: At least 60 people were killed when Russian airstrikes targeted a marketplace in the town of Ariha in Idlib provine, according to local activists - 1 December 2015: Russian terror warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes areas in Hama and Idlib province, killing 2 children in airstrikes on Kafar Taharim, and in Lattakia province - 1 December 2015: At least 4 women killed while other civilians wounded due to airstrikes carried out by suspected Russian warplanes on places in the city of al-Sikhnah east of Homs - 1 December 2015: A hospital supported by Médecins Sans Frontières in Homs partially destroyed in a 'double-tap' barrel bombing, killing seven people including a young girl and wounding many, latest in apparent escalation of strikes on medical facilities by Russian and Assad terror warplanes - 2 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Idlib province, in Aleppo province - 4 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Lattakia province, in Homs province - 4 December: Taken barely 10 minutes before the Russian bombs landed, last photos of five-year-old Raghat in the town of Habeet near Idlib, where she died in October alongside her grandfather and her cousin - 5 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Hama province, killing and wounding some civilians in the village of al- Arba’in, in Aleppo province, in Idlib province - 5 December 2015: Russia targets Free Syrian Army and ignores Islamic State terrorists in its ongoing air campaign in Syria, killing many civilians now in its third month, Syrian Coalition's Khaled Khoja says - 6 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province, in Homs province, in Idlib province - 7 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Deir Ezzor province, in Homs province, and in Lattakia province - 8 December 2015: Russian warplanes hit an Assad army base, reportedly killing three soldiers and injuring 13, USA military official says - 8 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province, in Lattakia province, in Idlib province, in Hama province - 8 December 2015: Rights group report documents at least 158 incidents of the targeting of vital facilities during November, with Syrian government forces responsible for 80 of the incidents while Russian forces were responsible for 60 - 8 December 2015: Stepping up airstrikes across almost all the Syrian territory over the past two days, Russian warplanes targeted populated areas and public markets in Damascus and Homs provinces as well as two schools in Kafr Hamra in rural Aleppo and the town of Kansafra in rural Idlib, killing nearly 160 civilians, including women and children, and injuring over 150 others - 9 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Lattakia province, killing several civilians, including women and children - 10 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province, killing and wounding some people, in Homs province, and in Lattakia province - 10 December 2015: Fighter jets believed to be Russian launched several airstrikes across Syria, targeting towns in Rural Damascus, areas in Aleppo and Idlib killing dozens of civilians, including women and children, and wounding many - 11 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province, and in Homs province - 12 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Idlib province, in Aleppo province - 13 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province, in Lattakia province - 14 December 2015: At least 45 civilians including ten children have been killed by heavy regime rocket fire and airstrikes targeting besieged Syrian rebel strongholds Douma, Harasta, Saqba and Arbin east of Damascus that also hit a school - 14 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Lattakia province - 14 December 2015: Rights groups say they documented 113 people killed across Syrian on Sunday, including 23 children and 16 women, as the district of Douma in eastern Ghouta bore the brunt of the Russian airstrikes using cluster and vacuum bombs - 15 December 2015: In response to the recent massacres in Douma and Eastern Ghouta by Russian warplanes, activists in Damascus launch a campaign distributing leaflets with pictures of Russia's Putin reading 'the murderer of Syrian people' - 15 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province, in Rif Damashq province, also carrying out more airstrikes on Douma and al-Nashabiyya in the Eastern Ghouta, and in Lattakia province - 16 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Hama province, in Lattakia province, and in Rif Damashq province - 17 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in al-Hasakah province 18 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province - 19 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Lattakia province, killing more children, in Aleppo province, killing civilians, in Idlib province, trargeting the city of Jeser al-Shogour west, killing at least 7 children and 7 women in a massacre, one of them pregnant, and again in Idlib province, targeting the town of al-Najiyyah, and in Rif Dimashq province - 19 December: Just hours after UN security council roadmap to peace agreed in New York, Putin says Russia ready to increase military role in Syria - 20 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Homs province, in Aleppo province, in Hama and in Idlib provinces, killing and wounding civilians - 20 December 2015: Suspected Russian warplanes kill scores of people in the Syrian city of Idlib, targeting a busy market place in the heart of the city, several government buildings and residential areas - 21 December 2015: Russian airstrikes on Idlib, targeting health and public services centers as well as apartment buildings in the city center, killing 50 civilians and wounding 170 others, violates UNSC resolution 2254, Syrian Coalition says - 21 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Lattakia province, in Aleppo province, killing citizens including at least a woman, in Rif Damashq province targeting Douma, killing 5 civilians, including a woman, her two female children and another woman, and wounding others - 21 December 2015: Human Rights Watch denounces Russia’s extensive use of cluster bombs in Syria - 22 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Hama and in al-Raqqa province, in Idlib province targeting the city of Khan Sheikhoun and the towns of al-Kindah, al-Najiyyah and Bdama in the western countryside of Idlib, and in Aleppo province - 23 Decembert 2015: Amnesty International says Russian air strikes in Syria may amount to war crimes after gathering reports on hundreds of civilians killed in their homes, medical facilities and other public spaces - 23 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Idlib province, in Aleppo province, killing more children and women, in Lattakia province - 24 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Hama province, in Homs province, in Idlib province, killing and wounding many civilians, in Aleppo province - 25 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province, killing and wounding more civilians and children, and in Homs province - 26 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Homs province, in Aleppo province, also carrying out several raids on hospital areas in the town of Hraytan, again in Homs province, targeting Tadmur city with missiles in 23 airstrikes, again in Aleppo province - 26 December 2015: Russia’s assassination of rebel commanders is deliberate targeting of the Syrian Revolution, Syrian Coalition says - 27 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Homs province, killing 3 civilians while wounding 20 others - 28 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Homs province, in Aleppo province, in Hama province, targeting the villages of Aydoun, al-SatHiyyat, al-Tloul and al-Homor, in Rif Damashq province, targeting al-Batra and al-Maqali’ areas in Qalamon, again in Aleppo province, targeting the neighborhood of al-Rashidin in the city of Aleppo, again in Homs province, targeting areas of the electricity management area, Qasr al-Her school, Tadmur city, and al-Sena’ia area, killing four civilians including a child - 29 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Daraa province, killing a child in the town of al-Sheikh Meskin, in Aleppo province, targeting neighborhoods in the city of Aleppo and the villages of Tal Msibin and Tal Jbin, the towns of Deir Jamal, Tal Ref’at and I’zaz city, killing 6 civilians, including a child and a woman, in Idlib province - 30 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province, targeting the villages and towns of Hayyan and Hraytan, Tal Msibin and Tal Jbin, al-Mallah area, Handarat, I’zaz city and the town of Kafar Naha - 30 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Rif Damashq province, also targeting the city of Arbin, in Daraa province, targeting the town of Sheikh Meskin, and in Homs province - 31 December 2015: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Idlib province, targeting Ma’arzita, Saraqib and a camp for displaced civilians near Shekh Mustafa, and in Lattakia province - 31 December 2015: Syrian Observatory for Human Rights has documented the death of nearly 55,219 persons during 2015, including killed 20,977 civilians and 2,574 children
January 2016: 2 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Lattakia province - 3 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Daraa province, targeting the towns of Nawa, Busra al-Harir and Sheikh Miskeen, in Aleppo province, targeting Tall Rifaat and Mennig and carrying out more deadly airstrikes on areas near Azaz city and in Mare, and in Lattakia province - 4 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province - 5 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Lattakia province, targeting the town of Selma - 5 January 2016: Syrian Network for Human Rights says that the Russian air force has committed 50 massacres between October and January, most of which occurred in the provinces of Damascus, Aleppo, Homs and Idlib, and claiming the lives of over 6,000 people - 6 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more deadly airstrikes in Lattakia province - 7 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Lattakia province, in Aleppo province, targeting areas in the town Bazzaah and reportedly killing eight citizens including women and children, in Daraa province, targeting areas in the town of Sheikh Meskin and also targeting areas near Nawa city, and in Deir Ezzor province - 7 January 2016: 12 people reportedly killed in Russian airstrikes that targeted the area located between the towns of Zamalka and Hazza in eastern Ghouta - 7 January 2016: Turkey's Davutoglu says that Russia has become a partner of the Syrian regime, which is brutally bombing civilians in Syria, and the world should not tolerate a situation where Syrians are fleeing the bombing, adding that the UN Security Council and Russia are responsible for the tragedy unfolding in Syria - 8 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Lattakia province, and in Aleppo province - 9 January 2016: Russian warplanes carry out more airstrikes in Daraa province, targeting Sheikh Meskin with 12 airstrikes - 10 January 2015: At least 57 people killed in a massacre by Russian warplanes targeting the Administrative Court in Maarrat al-Nu’man - 10 January 2016: Russian warplanes carry out more airstrikes in Homs province, and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Daraa province, targeting Sheikh Meskin with 25 airstrikes, in Idlib and Lattakia province, killing a citizen woman, a man and a child, and in Aleppo province - 11 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Daraa province, targeting areas in the town of Sheikh Meskin, in Lattakia province, targeting Salma and the towns and villages of Jabal al-Akrad and Jabal al-Turkman, and in Hama province - 11 January 2016: At least eight children were killed along with their teacher in a Russian air strike that hit a school in the town of Anjara in Aleppo province on Monday, also injuring at least 20 people, all of them children and teachers - 11 January 2016: 15 casualties including 12 children in the massacre by warplanes in the western countryside of Aleppo, as three schools were targeted by Russian aircrafts in the town of Ain Jara - 11 January 2016: Russia supplies Islamist terrorists Hezbollah with heavy weapons, as Hezbollah, Iran and Russia work closely to prop up Assad regime - 12 January 2016: Rose to 43 including 4 children and 6 women, the number of civilians who were killed in 3 massacres by Russian warplanes in Sarmada, Ma’raa al-Nu’man and Saraqib in Idlib province - 12/13 January 2016: Russian warplanes carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province, killing 5 civilians at least and wounding dozens, in Rif Damashq province, in Hama province, and in Lattakia province, as regime forces and Hezbollah attack Salma town - 13 January 2016: 80 civilians killed and dozens wounded in Russian airstrikes on northern Syria - 14 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province, targeting areas of Khan al-Asal, of Azaz and the towns and villages of Mare’, Malkiyyeh and Mar’anaz, in Daraa province, also targeting areas in the town of Sheikh Meskin, in Hama province, and in Homs province - 15 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Hama province - in Homs and in Rif Damashq province - 16 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Lattakia province, in Rif Damashq province, in Aleppo province, targeting al-Malkiyyeh and also areas in al-Bab city, causing injuries and casualties including children and women, in Idlib province - 17 January 2016: 12 civilians from one family, 9 children and 3 women, were killed in the massacre carried out when warplanes, not known whether they were Russian or Syrian warplanes, targeted areas in the Filon village south of Idlib - 17 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province - 18 January 2016: Russian war criminals targeting al-Sakhour marketplace and northern town of Ma'rasset al-Khan in Aleppo province using fighter jets murder at least 15 civilians - 19 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province - 19 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Hama province, targeting the villages of Hirbnafsah and Talaf - 20 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Hama and in Idlib province, killing and injuring several people - 21 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Lattakia province, in Deir Ezzor and Idlib province, causing many casualties - 23 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Idlib province, and in Lattakia province - 24 January 2016: Rose to 164 including 43 children and 25 women the number of people who were killed in the past 72 hours by massacres committed by Russian and Syrian warplanes in the towns of Tabia, Jazira, Khesham, and al-Bolel in the eastern countryside of Der-Ezzor - 24 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Lattakia province - 25 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Lattakia province, in Daraa province, and in Rif Damashq province - 25 January 2016: The Syrian interim government says that the Russian air force has bombed a total of 25 schools across Syria since the start of the Russian aggression against Syria in 2015 - 25 January 2016: Nearly 104 civilians, mostly women, children, and the elderly, reportedly killed in Russian airstrikes and shelling by ballistic missiles on Sunday, concentrated on rebel-held areas in Idlib, Lattakia and Aleppo provinces - 26 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Daraa province, in Idlib province, in Rif Damashq province, in Aleppo province, and in Lattakia province - 27 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Deir Ezzor province - 27 January 2016: A total of 30 civilians, including women and children, killed and many more wounded in Russian airstrikes on rebel-held areas across Idlib province, targeting a public market in the town of Ariha, a residential area in the town of Jarjanaz, the town of Tarmanin and the towns of Saraqib, Tamana’a and Al-Najiya - 27 January 2016: Dozens of civilians reportedly killed and injured in Russian airstrikes on the town of Mheimidah in western rural Deir Ezzor, as the Russian air force also bombed the towns of Al-Mayadin, Abu Hamam and Al-Shuheil in rural Deir ezzor, causing civilian casualties - 27 January 2016: SOHR was able to document the death of 471 civilians including 127 children and 56 women, since the beginning of January 2016 until last night January 27th, they were all killed by Russian airstrikes targeted different Syrian provinces - 28 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Hama province, in Aleppo province, also targeting Anadan charity hospital area in the northern countryside killing a nurse and injuring 10 other people, in Homs province, in Deir Ezzor province, also targeting Mhimideh town, Abu Hamam town, al-Kharita town and killing many people including women and children - 29 January 2016: Russian warplanes killed five people and wounded 40 others in strikes on the town of Kafarlaha in Homs province, using cluster munitions and 'advanced' missiles - 29 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Deir Ezzor province - 29 January 2016: As 15 civilians are killed and dozens wounded as a result of a Russian airstrike on the town of Kafar Takharim in Idlib province, a large convoy of regime forces and Iranian-backed militias, containing many heavy equipment and tanks, reportedly arrives at the T-4 airbase in eastern Homs - 30 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Idlib province, in Hama province, and in Aleppo province - 31 January 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Lattakia province, also targeting places in Aubin camp for the displaced people, in Hama province, targeting Herbanafsa, and in Homs province, targeting Kesen village and al-Hawla area with 10 airstrikes, and again in Hama province
February 2016: 1 February 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Hama and in Lattakia province, in Aleppo province, killing and injuring more people including children, in Deir Ezzor province - 2 February 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province, and in Lattakia province - 2 February 2016: The SNHR has documented 1,382 civilians killed across Syria in January 2016 at the hands of the Assad regime and its allied foreign forces, half of them in Russian airstrikes - 3 February 2016: At least seven women and children have been killed in Russian air strikes on a largely Turkmen village in the northern countryside of Homs - 3 February 2016: Russian warplanes carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province - 3 February 2016: The Assad regime and Russia have killed nearly 300 civilians in Syria since the launch of the Geneva III conference on January 29th, according to the SNHR - 5 February 2016: Russian warplanes carry out more airstrikes in Hama province, in Aleppo province, killing several civilians including children, in Lattakia province - 6 February 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province - 6 February 2016: Aleppo lives in fear of siege and starvation, as Russian and Assad regime's bombs are falling so fast now that often rescuers don’t have time to reach victims between blasts - 7 February 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province, in Idlib province, and in Lattakia province - 7 February 2016: Warplanes believed to be Russian renewed their strikes on areas in Kafr Hamra and Huraytan in Aleppo province, also in Qabr al-Englizi, killing a child and injuring others, while several citizens were killed and injured in bombing on Anadan area during the burial of two of their children, who were also killed by warplanes this morning - 8 February 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province - 9 February 2016: Russia sets for deploying in Syria large landing ship seized from Ukraine and remaining Ukrainian property under international law - 10/11 February 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Idlib province and in Lattakia province - 11 February 2016: At least seven people, including women and children, have been killed in a cluster bomb attack on the embattled city of Douma near Damascus, medics say - 11 February 2016: Syrian regime forces killed 14 civilians in the northern countryside of Homs as they fled the embattled rebel-held area towards Idleb province, as Russian regime has conducted more than 300 raids on rebel-held provinces of Hama and Homs in 10 days, also dropping leaflets urging rebels to surrender before being exterminated - 12 February 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Daraa province, as civil authorities in the towns of Sidon, Eastern al-Gharya, Western al-Gharya and Naemeh closed the schools and hospitals as a result of the continued targeting by warplanes for vital facilities and people’s homes in these towns, in Aleppo province, targeting the towns of Khan al-Asal and Kafrnaha and the electricity Association area, places in the towns of Huraytan, Hayan and Anadan and more - 13 February 2016: Russia continues bombing civilians in Syria despite a truce agreed the night before in Munich, targeting areas in Homs, Aleppo, Latakia and Dara’a provinces, including schools and hospitals and committing a massacre in the town of Al-Ghantou, Turkey's FM says - 13 February 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province, and in Daraa province - 14 February 2016: Russian warplanes have carried out at least 600 air strikes on Turkmen-dominated villages in the southern countryside of Hama province in the past month, displacing 10,000 people to the northern countryside of Homs, a FSA commander says, as activists and displaced Turkmen families witness heavy aerial bombardment by Russian jets - 15 February 2016: Five civilians were killed and many others were wounded by Russian airstrikes targeting the town of al-Herak in Daraa province - 15 février 2016: Un hôpital à Hadiyé dans la région de Maaret al-Noomane, lié à MSF, a été bombardé, neuf personnes, dont un enfant, ont été tuées lors de frappes de l'aviation, vraisemblablement russe - 17 February 2016: Eleven bodies were recovered from under the rubble of a hospital funded by 'Doctors Without Borders' that was struck by Russian warplanes in Ma’aret al-Nouman in rural Idlib, an MSF spokesperson says - 17 February 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more murderous airstrikes in Idlib province - 19 February 2016: Russian military vehicles accompanied by Russian soldiers transferred from Hmeymim airbase to Eastern Syria - 21 February 2016: Russian warplanes carry out more airstrikes in Homs province, targeting Om Sharshouh village, and in Hama province, targeting Herbanafsa and other areas of Kafarzita and al-Latamina in the northern countryside - 21 February 2016: Russian warplanes carry out more airstrikes in Lattakia province - 22 February 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province, also targeting the town of Anjarah and killing citizen women and children - 23 February 2016: Russian warplanes carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province - 24 February 2016: In the Hama countryside, Civil Defense workers pushed to the brink of exhaustion as attacks by Assad regime and Russian forces increase - 24 February 2016: Russian warplanes carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province - 26 February 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Rif Damashq province, and in Aleppo province - 27 February 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Rif Damashq province, and in Aleppo province - 27 February 2016: How Russia evades responsibility for war crimes in Syria
March/April 2016: 1 March: 1,378 Syrian civilians were killed in February in Syria at the hands of the Assad regime, Russia, the PYD and ISIS militias, Syrian Network for Human Rights says - 3 March 2016: 1,733 civilians are among the nearly 4,500 killed people by Russian air and missile strikes in Syria, Syrian Observatory for Human Rights says - 4 March 2016: Russian and Assad regime forces have deliberately struck hospitals and medical facilities in Aleppo as they advanced on the north Syrian town, killing and wounding civilians and medical workers, according to rights group - 6 March 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Aleppo province - 8 March 2016: Assad’s forces, supported by Russian air strikes, had carried out a massacre of dozens of civilians around Aleppo on Monday, head of the opposition's negotiating team Riad Hijab says - 11 March 2011: SNHR documented 42 violations of the 'cessation of hostilities' agreement by the Russian and regime forces, saying that 29 civilians, including 5 children and a woman, were killed in attacks by Russian and regime forces, while 4 detainees were killed under torture in Assad’s prisons - 13 March 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Homs province - 15 March: After Russian regime's Putin announced on Monday that 'the main part' of its armed forces in Syria would start to withdraw, UN human rights investigators on Syria say that preparing prosecutions against war criminals should not be delayed until the end of the conflict in Syria, now entering its sixth year - 15 March 2016: Russian fighter jets continue to carry out intense air raids in Syria in support of Bashar al-Assad - 18 March 2016: Russian warplanes and warplanes believed to be Russian carry out more airstrikes in Homs province - 19 March 2016: A wave of Russian air strikes killed at least 39 civilians, including at least five children and seven women, on Saturday in Raqa in Syria, a monitoring group says - 20 March 2016: Russian warplanes committed two massacres to civilians in Al-Raqqah, killing 55 people including 13 children and 12 citizen women and one of the women is a pregnant and she was killed with her unborn child, yesterday’s massacre killed 16 civilians including 8 children and five citizen women when the Russian warplanes intensively raided the areas of al-Sur, the silo, al-MoJamma’ Square near al-Thakneh neighborhood and other areas in the city of Al-Raqqah city, while in the second massacre 39 civilians were killed, including five children and seven citizen women and one of the women was also pregnant and she was killed with her unborn child too when the Russian warplanes carried out more than 10 airstrikes targeting different areas in the city of Al-Raqqah - 21 March 2016: Russian warplanes raided Tadmur city and al-Qaritin area in Homs province - 30 March: Russia, despite draw down, shipping more to Syria than removing - 6 April 2016: Russian claims to have mostly bombed Islamic State targets during its Syrian campaign were wildly out of step with reality, according to an Atlantic Council report using aerial surveillance, crowdsourcing and other open source techniques, saying the almost six months of Russian airstrikes up until the 27 February 'ceasefire' caused only peripheral damage to Isis - 16 April 2016: Russian regime deploys troops and equipment to Syria by air in recent weeks and its military contingent there is as strong as ever, with fewer jets but many more attack helicopters able to provide closer combat support to Assad's troops, journalists say - 20 April 2016: More than 10,000 Syrians killed by aerial bombardment by Russian and Syrian airstrikes, as SOHR documented 5,3017 airstrikes carried out by the regime air force since October 2014 until 20 April 2016, where the airstrikes targeted several farms, villages, towns and cities in 13 provinces - 23 April 2016: At least 20 civilians, including children, were killed and many more wounded in intensified aerial bombing of Aleppo on Friday by regime and Russian forces - 26 April 2016: Air strikes and rocket attacks by Assad regime forces west of Aleppo killed five rescue workers overnight, a monitoring group and volunteers working nearby say, as defense workers say that their colleagues were killed in very precise Russian air strikes - 30 April 2016: 5,799 people were killed by Russian warplanes in Syria during 6 months, including 2,005 civilian Syrians and about 800 children and citizen women, documenty by SOHR
May 2016: 9 May 2016: Russia has established a second military base in Syria located in the area of Palmyra in Idlib province, Palmyra Coordination Committee says, adding that the 'Islamic State' terrorists and Syrian regime forces facilitated handing the ancient city over to the Russians - 14 May 2016: Assad regime and Russian forces stepped up airstrikes on rural Idlib, concentrated on populated areas and vital civilian facilities on Friday, killing 20 civilians and injuring at least 35 - 23 May 2016: The Syrian Network for Human Rights says that it has documented the killing of 102 rescue workers of the Syrian Civil defense Corps by regime and Russian forces in the liberated areas, recording 62 attacks on civil defense centers and teams by regime and Russian forces - 23 May 2016: After at least 27 people were killed and around 112 were wounded in continued attacks on the rebel-held area Alhoula local council calls for urgent international action to stop regime and Russian assault - 27 May 2016: A documented total of 3,391 civilians killed by regime and Russian forces, the Hezbollah militias and other Iranian-backed militias across Syria since the 'cessation of hostilities' agreement on 24 February, the victims include 426 children and 304 women, over a hundred detainees also killed under torture in Assad’s prisons - 31 May 2016: Rose to 23, including 7 children and women, the number of civilians who were killed by no less than 10 Russian airstrikes targeted the national hospital area in Idlib city, al-Mutanabi and al-Baitara turnings, and al-Jalaa park, as a number of civilians were wounded by aerial bombardment targeting Maara al-Nu’man
June 2016: 6 June 2016: At least 53 civilians, including women and children, were killed and many more wounded in intense bombardment of Aleppo by the Assad regime and Russian forces on Sunday - 13 June 2016: At least 20 civilians, including women and children, were killed when Russian war planes target a local marketplace in the northern city of Idlib, medics say, and two more people also killed in a Russian vacuum missile attack on the Masjed al-Masri neighborhood in Marat al-Numanb - 17 June 2016: 80 civilians killed by Russian regime's airstrikes on Aleppo despite 48-hour truce, as the regime continues to be directly complicit in the crimes and terrorism perpetrated against the Syrian people - 21 June 2016: More than 11,000 civilians including more than 4,000 children killed by Assad regime’s warplanes, its barrel bombs and Russia warplanes since 20th November 2014, documented by SOHR - 24 June 2016: 12 civilians were killed and dozens more injured in Aleppo in airstrikes by Russian jets, using internationally banned weapons, most notably incendiary and cluster munitions - 26 June 2016: Air strikes conducted by Russia and the Syrian Assad regime reportedly killed at least 82 people, including 60 civilians in the town of Al Qurayyah in Deir Ezzor province - 28 June 2016: Russian warplanes continue to target Deir-ez-Zor civilians - 27/28 June 2016: Syrian activists have launched an online campaign titled 'Stop Russia’s Terror' on Russian regime’s ongoing crimes against the Syrian people, calling for shedding light on the aggression through posting photos and videos showing Russia’s atrocities in Syria - 30 June 2016: About 950 children and women between 2498 citizens killed by Russian airstrikes during 9 months, according to SOHR - 30 June 2016: Russian, Iranian backed militias in Homs provine increasingly devoting themselves to the interests of Iranian and Russian regime often at the expense of the Assad regime in the central province of Syria - 30 June 2016: Thanks in no small part to Russia, Hezbollah is now a full-fledged army, learning Russian methods of war, becoming familiar with advanced Russian weaponry, coming to understand the latest Russian technologies, and in some cases, actually fighting alongside Russian special forces
July 2016: 2 July 2016: 16 civilians, including 7 children, reportedly killed and many more were injured in Russian airstrikes on a popular market in the neighborhood of Tariq Albab in Aleppo late on Friday, as Russian airstrikes also target residential neighborhoods in the rebel-held parts of the city and its northern countryside - 6 July 2016: Three Palestinians were killed and at least five injured by apparent Russian airstrikes on Monday targeting the Khan al-Shih neighborhood southwest of Damascus which is considered a Palestinian refugee camp, causing heavy damage to civilian houses and destroying a building housing the foundation’s Child Friendly Space, according to the Jafra Foundation - 7 July 2016: Russian and Syrian regime warplanes struck opposition-held parts of Syria’s northwestern Aleppo province on Thursday, after Assad regime declares 72-hour countrywide ceasefire, also violating its own ceasefire-announcement in Damascus and Idlib provinces - 12 July 2016: Russian warplanes carry out a massacre in the village of Burj Qai, Homs province, striking civilian homes with a number of air raids, killing eight and injuring dozens - 14 July 2016: Ten people were killed and dozens injured, including many children, in Russian airstrikes on a makeshift camp for internally displaced people along the Syrian Jordanian border - 21 July 2016: SNHR documents 54 Russian cluster munitions attacks on Syria - 22 July 2016: At least 10 civilians reportedly killed and 50 wounded in airstrikes by Russian forces on Idlib city on Friday morning - 24 juillet 2016: Des bombardements aériens, menés par la Syrie et la Russie, ont touchés les établissements dans les quartiers est de la ville, assiégés depuis le 17 juillet par le régime - 24 July 2016: Four makeshift hospitals and a local blood bank in Syria's battered Aleppo city have been hit by regime air raids in the past 24 hours, including the children's hospital in a besieged eastern neighbourhood, where the bombardment killed a two-day-old baby, according to a group of doctors - 26 July 2016: Russian warplanes fired vacuum missiles and cluster bombs at residential neighborhoods, hitting Atareb's main hospital and medicine stores and wounding 45 more people - 27 July 2016: Russian warplanes yesterday carried out air strikes on the northern Homs countryside striking a home for assisting the elderly in the Saan area, in addition to an office for documenting war violations in another area of the countryside - 28 July 2016: As Russian forces step up airstrikes on Aleppo, causing heavy civilian casualties and massive damage to infrastructure, Aleppo Provincial Local Council declares state of emergency - 28 July 2016: Human Rights Watch accuses Assad's regime and its ally Russia of extensively using banned cluster munitions in their offensive against Syrian opposition
August 2016: 1 August 2016: 12 casualties, including children and women, at least in Russian and Assad regime airstrikes at the eastern and northern countryside of Idlib - 3 August 2016: Russian warplanes carried out a massacre in Atarib in the western Aleppo countryside on Tuesday targeting the city’s market, killing more than six people and wounding dozens more, according to preliminary reports - 3 August 2016: Supported by Russian terrorist air forces, Assad regime shells places, carries out raids on areas in Aleppo city and province, including tens of airstrikes by Russian warplanes on al-Hikmah School and other areas in south and southwest of the city - 5 August 2016: Air strikes believed carried out by Russian warplanes hit two displaced persons' camps west of Aleppo and near the Turkish border, killing at least two children and wounding 30 people - 6 August 2016: Russian fighter jets carried out at least 28 airstrikes on the town of Saraqib in rural Idlib on Friday, with cluster bombs used in some of those raids, as at least 16 civilians, including 7 children and one woman, were killed in Russian airstrikes on the neighborhoods of Almarja and Tareeq Albab in eastern Aleppo and 4 more civilians from one family were killed in barrel bomb attacks by regime forces - 8 August 2016: Russian warplanes are attacking the town of Saraqeb, its vicinity and countryside until today with more than 105 airstrikes causing destruction of homes, schools, public facilities, institutions of electricity and water and medical points, leaving four casualties at least including a child, and about 70 wounded - 8 August 2016: Hospital supported by Doctors Without Borders in rebel-held northern province of Idlib that specialized in pediatrics hit by series of airstrikes in broad daylight, leaving four staff and five children dead and injuring six other hospital staff members - 8 August 2016: Continuous airstrikes target Aleppo, its countryside and outskirts, causing casualties and wounded people - 9 August 2016: Six civilians, including two children, reportedly killed when a ballistic missile hit the town of Daret Izza in rural Aleppo, fired from a Russian warship anchored off the Syrian coast, as Daraya west of Damascus was pounded with a barrage of barrel bombs, rockets and mortar shells - 13 August 2016: Russian jets destroy pediatric and maternity hospital in Kafar Hamra in Aleppo province - 15 August 2016: Assad regime and Russian warplanes launched 40 air raids with vacuum bombs and over half-ton bombs on Tayir Malaa village and the cities of Talbiyse and al-Rastan in Homs province, killing civilians and injuring scores, mostly women and children - 15 August 2016: Russian air strikes hit Idlib destroying a large part of the Church of the Virgin Mary, the only church in the city, in addition to destroying much of the Christian district in a repeated assault - 15 August 2016: Russian warplanes hit Kafarnaha, Qabtan al-Jebel, and Howr in the western Aleppo countryside, simultaneously with artillery bombardment on Andan in the northern countryside, leaving dozens killed and wounded - 17 August 2016: Russian fighter jets destroy hospital in Daret Izza, rural Aleppo - 30 August 2016: Assad regime and Russian air forces carried out 23 airstrikes on the district of Alwaer in Homs province, killing seven civilians and wounding 32 others also causing massive damage to civilian homes and infrastructure
September 2016: 3 September 2016: Annual report, co-produced by Handicap International and the Cluster Munition Coalition, on cluster munitions reveals Russia’s 'intense and repeated' use of cluster munitions in Syria, especially in the provinces of Aleppo, Homs and Idlib - 4 September 2016: Russian-backed Syrian regime sees siege tactics pay off as measures like burning farmland and denying entry to medical aid has led to surrender of key holdout areas of Daraya and Moadamiyeh, once hubs of the Syrian uprising - 21 September 2016: Russian planes dropped bombs that destroyed UN aid convoy and killed at least 20 people in opposition-controlled Urem al-Kubra in Syria, according to USA officials also saying two Russian Sukhoi SU-24 warplanes were in the sky above the aid convoy at the precise time it was struck - 22 September 2016: Assad regime and Russian air forces have targeted no fewer than 52 hospitals and medical centers since the beginning of 2016, also repeatedly targeting aid convoys destined for besieged civilians, the latest of which was a UN-Syrian Arab Red Crescent aid convoy near Aleppo on Tuesday, Syrian interim government's Jawad Abu Hatab states - 23 September 2016: FSA groups have footage showing the moment the attack on Aleppo-bound aid convoy on Tuesday took place and the remnants of the weapons used, as the Russian invaders bombed the town with internationally banned weapons, especially napalm, and facilities and universities were also targeted by air strikes which killed a number of students, says interim government PM - 23 September 2016: Assad regime helicopters resume dropping barrel bombs on a number of besieged districts inside Aleppo city, resulting in a number of deaths and injuries among civilians amid bombardment from Russian warplanes on opposition positions south of the city - 26 September 2016: As USA during UN Security Council meeting slams Russian regime's barbarism in Syria, Russian ambassador says ending the war 'is almost an impossible task now'
October 2016: 3 October 2016: More than 1,400 killed or wounded civilians since Russian and Assad regime ended ceasefire in Aleppo - 8 October 2016: USA Secretary of State John Kerry called Friday for Russia and Syria to face a war crimes investigation for their attacks on Syrian civilians - 8 October 2016: Russia is building up its forces in Syria since Russian and Syrian regime ended ceasefire in late September, sending in troops, planes and advanced missile systems, a Reuters analysis of publicly available tracking data shows - 11 October 2016: Russian regime to create permanent naval base in Syria - 11 October 2016: Russian jets resumed heavy bombing of rebel-held eastern Aleppo on Tuesday - 16 October 2016: 31 casualties are today’s death toll of massacres by Russian/Assad warplanes and the regime forces in Aleppo city - 16 October 2016: At least 11 people were killed and 25 others injured when Russian fighter jets targeted a drug warehouse and a civil defense center in Turmanin neighborhood of Idlib - 17 octobre 2016: Au moins 12 civils ont été tués lundi dans des raids aériens par le régime d'Assad et son allié russe à Alep, faisant monter à 45 le bilan des morts dans cette ville en 24 heures, selon l'Observatoire syrien des droits de l'Homme - 17 October 2016: At least 40 civilians were killed and many more wounded in Russian airstrikes on Aleppo city and its countryside on Monday, according to activists saying that 'bunker-buster bombs' were used causing massive damage to residential buildings - 17 October 2016: According to a SNHR report on Sunday, Russian and Assad forces have killed 361 civilians, including 96 children and 55 women, since their ending of the ceasefire on 18 September, recording that Russian forces carried out 13 massacres and 22 acts of aggression against civilian centers, using incendiary weapons in six attacks - 18 October 2016: Al-Iman hospital in Sarja area in Idlib out of service due to the damages caused by the aerial bombardment by Russian warplanes - 19 October 2016: After more than 2,700 civilian casualties, hundreds of murdered, wounded and permanently disabled victims documented by SOHR in the month since the 19th of September 2016 in Aleppo province and city, where in the past 48 hours at least 55 citizens including 21 children and 9 females were murdered, some hours of no-bombing over Aleppo's eastern neighborhoods granted by unchallenged Russian, Iranian and Assad war criminals - 24 October 2016: Assad airstrikes kill 13 civilians in rural Idlib as regime forces hit Douma, rural Damascus with cluster bombs, as six civilians were killed in Russian airstrikes on the town of Kafar Takharim - 25 October 2016: Russian and regime warplanes escalate their attacks on the cities, towns and countryside of Idlib with high-explosive bombs as Russia announces no intention to reinstate humanitarian pause - 26 October 2016: Airstrikes by Russian and the Assad regime air forces using high-explosive parachute-retarded bombs hit a schools complex and a public market in the town of Hass in rural Idlib, killing at least 26 civilians and wounding dozens more, mostly schoolchildren and teachers - 26 October 2016: Rose to 76 including 38 children and women, the number of civilians who were killed by Russian and Assad's aerial bombardments targeting areas of Idlib countryside since the 20th of October until today, while no less than 150 others were wounded and seriously wounded including women and children - 29 October 2016: Continuing Russian-backed terror attacks, Assad regime forces shell places and carry out raids on areas in Damascus and in Rif Damashq province, again in Rif Damashq province, as regime forces shell places in the city of Zabadani, while helicopters are dropping barrel bombs on areas at the outskirts of Khan al-Shih camp in the Western Ghouta, again in Rif Damashq province, in Hama province, in Daraa and in Idlib province, also dropping more barrel bombs amid aerial bombardment targeting Maara Masrin, Benesh and other areas of the northern countryside, al-Bara town in the Zawiya mount and in Aleppo province, targeting Hreitan and al-Bab city, in Homs province, again in Homs province, and in Aleppo province, while Russian and regime’s warplanes renewed the raids on the front stretching from the outskirts of Jam’eyyat al-Zahra’a neighborhood west of Aleppo city, to the southern and southwestern outskirts of the city - 30 October 2016: The dead from Wednesday’s airstrikes near a school complex in Idlib province included 22 children, Unicef's director Alan Lane says, adding that six teachers also died in the attacks
November 2016: 1 November 2016: At least 1,106 people, including 791 civilians, were killed in attacks by the Assad regime and Russian forces across Syria in October 2016, SNHR says - 2 November 2016: Syrian Coalition's Riad Hijab slams Russia's defense minister's remarks about postponing political solution 'indefinitely’ - 4 November 2016: Hundreds of artificial limbs blocked the entrance to the Russian Embassy in London on Thursday as members of the Syria Campaign group protested Russian regime's airstrikes in Syria's largest city of Aleppo - 4 November 2016: At least 9 members of the medical staff and rescue workers were killed in 44 attacks by the Assad and Russian regime in October as regime forces used napalm in rural Damascus and the Russian air force targeted 6 medical facilities and 7 ambulances, SNHR says - 5 November 2016: Russian regime denies that it has troops involved in combat operations in Syria, but when 'private contractors' die while supporting the Assad regime, their families receive medals with certificates signed by Putin - 5 November 2016: Activists in western rural Aleppo say that at least 22 civilians were killed and many more injured in airstrikes by the Russian air force on the town of Kafar Naha on Friday, also reporting that most of the victims were children and women, as Russian jets also raided the towns of Atareb, Khan Alassal, and Orem Alqubra despite regime’s announcement of a 'humanitarian pause', and as airstrikes and massacres in rural Damascus and Idlib continue - 6 November 2016: Russian aviation reportedly shelled parachute bombs targeting Aleppo's western opposition-held towns of Atarib, Darat Izzah and Ibbin Village, killing at least 11 civilians including women and children and injuring another 25 - 10 November 2016: Russian forces reportedly committed a horrible massacre against unarmed civilians in the town of Mishmishan in western rural Idlib when Russian jets hit the town with several high-explosive missiles - 12 November 2016: Assad regime and Russian air forces bombed two hospitals in the provinces of Hama and Aleppo on Friday, putting them out of service - 14 November 2016: Russian air strikes kill 9 civilians in Aleppo, some 30 people were injured and three children among those killed in the Russian attack on the opposition-held Kfar Dael village - 15 November 2016: Day after Putin-Trump phone call, Russia launches major Syria offensive from arcraft carrier, renewing murderous bombardment on Aleppo after failed attempts to negotiate humanitarian aid into the besieged city - 15 November 2016: Assad regime and Russian warplanes have destroyed three hospitals and a medical complex in Aleppo and Idlib provinces over the past week, putting them out of service and causing dozens of casualties - 15 November 2016: Tens of casualties and injuries in new massacres by warplanes and Assad's helicopters on the eastern section of Aleppo city and more casualties in al-Bab city - 16 November 2016: Bringing the total number of hospitals targeted by Russian warplanes on Monday in Aleppo's countryside to three, Russian murderous air strikes are targeting and destroying the Baghdad hospital, killing and wounding dozens and burying others under the rubble, while civil defense forces are working to lift the rubble to save the survivors and remove the corpses - 18 November 2016: Russian murderous forces continue to pound Aleppo with airstrikes - 19 November 2016: Regime and Russian airstrikes knock out all hospitals in Aleppo as MSF urges halt to attacks - 23 November 2016: Russian warplanes carried out a massacre on the city of Al-Lataminah in the northern Hama countryside, killing seven civilians and wounding more than 10 others - 28 November 2016: Assad regime and Russian airstrikes on Syrian hospitals continue unabated, as Zahra Women Hospital in Aleppo confirms that the hospital was put out of service on Friday after being directly hit by the regime airstrikes - 28 November 2016: Russia’s 'Defense Ministry' on November 17 published a videotape showing what it claimed as airstrikes on positions of 'terrorist groups' in western rural Aleppo, however, the structures appearing in the video are in fact a factories compound near the town of Atareb used for civilian purposes only and bombed by Russian jets three times in October and November
December 2016: 5 December 2016: 38 civilians confirmed dead including 5 children and 6 persons from the same family including a woman, by Russian airstrikes targeting the city of Maara al-Nuaman in Idlib province, rising the number of murdered civilians by aerial bombardment to 73 today - 19 December 2016: Russian airborne major Sanchirov killed in Syria secretly buried - 20 December 2016: Russian blogger Alexei Kungurov convicted to two years in a penal colony for a LiveJournal post criticising Russia's military operation in Syria - 25 décembre 2016: L'armée russe annonce qu'il n'y a pas de signes de survivants dans le crash de l'avion russe après son décollage de Sotchi vers la Syrie avec 92 personnes à bord - 25 décembre 2016: Les avions russes ont intensifié le bombardement des zones de la province d'Idlib sous contrôle de l'opposition contre la dictature, dans le nord-ouest de la Syrie, près d'Alep - 29 December 2016: Assad regime and Russian air forces step up bombardment on rebel-held towns and villages in eastern Ghouta and rural Damascus, targeting mainly residential buildings and vital civilian infrastructure and killing at least 13 civilians killed and injuring dozens more
February 2017: 7 February 2017: Over 20 civilians killed in Russian airstrikes in Idlib city on Tuesday - 10 February 2017: At least 162 rescue workers have so far lost their lives while performing their humanitarian duty in search and rescue operations among the rubble of buildings destroyed by the Assad regime and Russian forces in 2016, according to the Syrian Civil Defense's 3rd Annual Conference - 15 février 2017: Des avions russes ont bombardé pour la deuxième journée consécutive plusieurs quartiers de la ville syrienne de Deraa tenus par les rebelles, un hôpital aussi touché par les frappes meurtrières - 16 February 2017: The Assad regime and Russian forces were behind airstrikes that hit two hospitals in northeastern Syria in February 2016, according to an investigation initiated by Doctors Without Borders, also saying that 25 people, including an MSF staff member, were killed and 11 others wounded in the attack - 17 February 2017: Russian jets pounded rebel-held areas of Daraa for a second day in the reportedly first such intensive bombing campaign since Russian regime’s major intervention in Syria more than a year ago - 17 February 2017: The Assad regime and Russian forces reportedly intensified aerial and artillery bombardment on Daraa province, targeting mainly residential areas and vital civilian facilities
March 2017: 6 March 2017: Following the opposition’s downing of an Assad regime's plane, Russian and Assad's jets retaliated through air raids in Idlib, killing and wounding many Syrian citizens - 9/10 March 2017: At least five civilians killed in airstrikes on Kafranbel in rural Idlib as Russian and Assad's aggression continues - 11 March 2017: At least 55 civilians were killed and hundreds more injured in aerial and artillery bombardment by regime forces, as the Russian air force committed a massacre claiming the lives of at least 30 civilians, including entire families in Mayadin in rural Deir Ezzor, also targeting two schools sheltering dozens of displaced people - 16 March 2017: Russian jets bombed an apartment building in Idlib's district of Qusour using vacuum bombs, a massacre condemned by the Syrian Coalition that claimed the lives of over 25 civilians, mostly children and women - 18 March 2017: After Russian jets on Wednesday bombed a four-story building in the neighborhood of Qusour in Idlib city, causing it to collapse over the heads of the people inside while they were sleeping, it emerged that the victims include seven children from one family, sons and daughters of Doctor Mahmoud Sayeh - 20 March 2017: Assad regime and Russian airstrikes target civilian centers in Idleb, killing and wounding many civilians including children through use of vacuum missiles - 25 March 2017: At least 16 people were killed overnight in air strikes on a prison in the rebel-held city of Idlib, believed to be carried out by Russian warplanes backing Assad regime - 27 March 2017: Toxic gas attack on the Latamaneh hospital in Hama province kills medic and patient, as a medical relief agency releases a report claiming over 100 hospitals were hit by Syrian or Russian strikes in 2016
April 2017: 3 April 2017: Fighter jets, believed to be Russian, bombed the National Hospital, the main hospital in the town of Maaret Alnouman in rural Idlib on Sunday, putting the hospital out of service and injuring at least ten people - 3 April 2017: A total of 1,134 civilians were killed in Syria in March 2017 despite the December 'ceasefire', according to SNHR - 5 April 2017: Warplanes thought to be Russian carried out heavy and concentrated airstrikes on rescue centers and medical facilities which were treating victims of the chemical attack in Khan Sheikhoun, Civil Defense in Idlib countryside says - 8 April 2017: Russian regime sends another murderous warship armed with cruise missiles to battlegroup off Syrian coast, as the tragedy of a father who lost more than 20 family members in Khan Sheikhun chemical attack is reported - 10 April 2017: Russian airstrikes targeted the main hospital of Dael in southern Daraa, killing and wounding medics and patients and forcing services to stop, local activists say - 10 April 2017: Civilians voice concern over increased air campaigns against residential areas, as witnesses report white phosphorus attacks in the hours after the USA cruise missile strike on Syrian air base - 10 April 2017: At least 21 civilians were killed when Russian jets struck the northern Idleb province with cluster bombs, as Russia’s jets also hit towns of Maerherma and Basamis with white phosphorous - 10/11 April 2017: Russian air force have intensified bombing raids on towns and villages in the provinces of Hama and Idlib in revenge attacks, causing dozens of civilian casualties and using internationally banned weapons - 14 April 2017: A total of 114 vital civilian facilities and civilian structures across Syria were targeted by attacks during March 2017, as regime forces were responsible for 47 attacks, while Russian forces were responsible for 39 more, according to SOHR - 15 April 2017: Syrian Coalition says that Russia once again chose to side with a mass murderer and to stand by the Assad regime after it committed the horrific crime against civilians using chemical weapons in the town of Khan Sheikhoun - 18/20 April 2017: Russia’s truce violations outnumber those of Assad's regime in last two days, as Putin's murderous regime has intensified its bombing raids on rebel-held areas in the provinces of Aleppo, Hama, and Idlib over the past two days using internationally prohibited weapons, such as the white phosphorous, cluster bombs, and napalm - 25 April 2017: Civilians reported dead and wounded after central market in Khan Sheikhoun, the site of this month's chemical attack, is struck by warplanes thought to be Russian - 26 April 2017: Assad regime or Russian warplanes kill 12 people wounding others in Kafr Takharim in the rebel-held Idleb countryside after striking a hospital with a number of air raids, victims include doctors and nurses, alongside a number of patients receiving treatment at the time of the raids - 26 April 2017: Continuing Russian-backed terror attacks, Assad regime forces shell places and carry out raids on areas in Idlib province dropping barrel bombs, amid aerial bombardements and as warplanes believed to be Russian carried out another massacre - 27 April 2017: 4 warplanes believed to be Russian carried out 4 consecutive raids at the dawn of today on the Hospital of the Syrian Medical University at the outskirts of Deir Sharqi in Idlib province, killing 6 citizens including 2 children - 28 April 2017: Assad and Russian regime reportedly destroyed 11 Syrian hospitals in April - 30 April 2017: It rose to 8 the number of members of the Civil Defense killed in airstrikes carried out by warplanes believed to be Russian on a center of the Civil Defense in the cave at KafrZitta area
May 2017: 1 May 2017: Assad’s air force, backed by Russian forces, committed a brutal massacre when helicopters of the Assad regime dropped around 15 barrel bombs on residential neighborhoods in Dara’a city on Sunday, killing dozens of civilians, mostly children and women - 2 May 2017: Syrian Network for Human Rights singles out Assad regime and Russian forces for their human rights violations in report documenting the deaths of more than a thousand non-combatants in April - 8 May 2017: Bombardment and military operations by regime forces backed by Iranian militias and the Russian air force continue unabated in many rebel-held areas across Syria, as the Russian air force carried out a horrific massacre in eastern rural Aleppo claiming the lives of 12 civilians on Sunday - 10 May 2017: 23 medical workers killed in Russian and Assad regime strikes in April, as over 280 medical centers were destroyed and 150 staff members killed in 2016, according to Syrian interim government report - 10 May 2017: The targeting of medical facilities by the Assad regime and Russian air forces, sometimes with banned weapons, aims to displace local residents, according to SNHR
June 2017: 15 June 2017: Assad regime and Russian forces intensified bombing on vital civilian facilities in northern rural Hama - 16 June 2017: At least eight people, including children, were killed in Assad regime airstrikes on a school sheltering displaced people in southern Daraa province, according to local activists, as regime army and Hezbollah terrorists escalate attacks against a rebel-held part of Daraa and as Assad and Russian airstrikes have destroyed most infrastructure and residential buildings in areas outside their control - 27 June 2017: Dozens of civilians reportedly killed and wounded during Russian and international coalition airstrikes on the cities and countryside of Deir-ez-Zor, Raqqa and Hassakeh - 29 June 2017: At least 50 civilians reportedly killed on Wednesday when Russia`s warplanes pounded eastern Deir-ez-Zor province with cluster bombs
July 2017: 4 July 2017: At least 16 civilians reportedly killed in southern Suweida province when Russian warplanes struck a village on the border with Jordan - 10 July 2017: The Assad forces violated the cease-fire in southwest Syria only hours after it went into effect as regime forces shelled the outskirts of Manshiyya disctrict in Daraa, FSA-held parts in Dara’a al-Balad and the villages of Hamidiya, Mashara, and Hamriya hill in rural Quneitra, also launched a ground attack on the positions of the FSA in northeastern rural Suweida backed by the Iranian militias and Russian aerial cover - 22 July 2017: Over 500 Russian mercenaries, who earlier fought in Donbas, now taking part in the war against Syria, according to the SBU Security Service of Ukraine - 29 July 2017: A joint investigation by Syrian rights groups has revealed new information on the systematic targeting of health facilities in Idlib province by the Assad regime and Russian forces during the month of April 2017 - 30 July 2017: 85 civilian casualties in a month raise to more than 5,300 the number of Syrian civilians who were killed in 22 months of Russian airstrikes, according to SOHR - 31 July 2017: Assad and Russian forces step up bombing on Eastern Ghouta despite cease-fire, reportedly violating the truce 98 times
September 2017: 11 September 2017: Russian strikes kill 34 civilians including nine children on river ferry boats, when warplanes targeted ferries carrying them across the Euphrates River near Syria’s eastern city of Deir Ezzor, according to SOHR - 17 September 2017: Russian airstrike wounded six of USA-backed Syrian Democratic Forces fighters near Deir el-Zour while in southeast Assad troops and their Iran-backed allies began a new offensive aiming to capture areas along the Iraq border under the cover of Russian airstrikes - 22 September 2017: At least four hospitals were targeted by Assad regime and Russian strikes as warplanes conducted more than 105 raids within a 24-hour period, deliberately attacking medical facilities in northern Hama and southern Idleb province - 25 September 2017: Death of 33 civilians in northeastern rural Hama as a result of the ongoing airstrikes by the Assad regime and Russia forces over the past week documented by activists, as Russian invaders’ warplanes burn Idlib province, hitting over 13 areas - 27 September 2017: At least 42 people have been killed by Russian and Syrian airstrikes in Idlib province since Sunday, as the regime army extends its ground and aerial attacks, Civil Defense says - 28 September 2017: Heavy bombing forces opposition to suspend school in Aleppo countryside, as education directorate says decision was made due to the 'monstrous attack' waged by Syrian and Russian warplanes - 28 September 2017: Russian warplanes continue their bombardment of Idlib with dozens of airstrikes on the province's cities and towns - 28 September 2017: Assad regime and Russian airstrikes knock out health facilities across Syria - 28 September 2017: Russian and Assad regime’s war crimes against Syrian people continue unabated - 29 September 2017: 10 days of bombing by warplanes of Russian and the regime kill and injure about 570 civilians in about 1,400 raids on the provinces of Idlib and Hama, according to SOHR
November 2017: 12 novembre 2017: Cinquante civils ont été tués dans les bombardements, notamment des frappes russes, qui ont visé depuis vendredi soir deux camps de déplacés et des secteurs avoisinants dans l'est de la Syrie, selon OSDH - 14 November 2017: Russian raids kill dozens in western Aleppo countryside's town of Atareb, swollen by the arrival of refugees from nearby battles - 14 November 2017: Russian air strikes on Monday bombed an ambulance station in the village of Qasr ibn Wardan in eastern rural Hama, putting the facility out of service - 14 November 2017: Russian and Assad regime forces continue to shell residential neighborhoods and service centers in the towns and villages of the Damascus suburb of eastern Ghouta, causing dozens of civilian casualties and widespread destruction to civilian homes - 27 November 2017: At least 53 civilians, including 21 children, perished early Sunday morning when Russian air strikes reportedly hit the village of Al-Shafah in Deir Ezzor province in eastern Syria - 28 November 2017: SNHR says it had recorded at least 14 massacres and 53 attacks by the Assad regime and its Russian ally on vital civilian centers in eastern Ghouta, including seven medical facilities since 22 July 2017 - 30 November 2017: In the second month of the third year of its participation Russia kills about 270 citizens and raises the number of civilian casualties to 6,200 persons during 26 months of killing, as more than 41% of the total death toll of 15,000 people killed by Russia since the start of its direct participation in Syria in September 2015 are civilians
December 2017: 7 December 2017: At least 21 displaced people have been killed in a Russian airstrike on the province of Deir-ez-Zor, as Assad regime forces and allied Shiite militias claim to have taken full control of the western bank of Euphrates River - 8 December 2017: Assad forces and their allied foreign militias committed 16 massacres, while Russian forces committed 13 ones in November, claiming the lives of 410 people, half of them children and women, according to SNHR - 9 December 2017: Schools in the Damascus suburb of eastern Ghouta continue to be closed down because of the continued bombing campaign by the Assad regime and Russia’s air forces on the rebel-held area - 12 December 2017: Thousands of Russian private contractors reportedly fighting in Syria - 14 December 2017: USA jets fire warning flares as Russian planes enters Syria buffer zone, as USA Air Force says Russians infringing on forbidden airspace six to eight times a day - 25 December 2017: Three civilians were killed and dozens more were injured in intensifying aerial attacks by the Russian and Assad regime airstrikes targeting residential areas in rural Idlib on Christmas, as local activists say that a woman and a child were killed and another child was injured in barrel bomb attacks by Assad’s helicopters on the village of Tal Ammara - 30 December 2017: Dozens of people were killed and wounded in the intensifying bombing campaign by the Russian and Assad regime forces on towns and villages of rural Idlib
January 2018: 3 January 2018: Russian military helicopter flying to Hama crashed on New Year’s Eve, killing both pilots following a technical fault, according to Russian regime - 3 January 2018: At least seven Russian planes were destroyed by rebel shelling at the Khmeimim airbase in Syria on 31 December, according to Russian daily Kommersant - 3 January 2018: Russian warplanes carried out a massacre in Mesraba town in Rif Damashq province - 4 January 2018: Russian jets on Tuesday bombed Hasan al-A'araj Hospital in the town of Ma'arat al-Nu'man in rural Idlib, destroying large parts of the hospital and putting the facility out of service - 4 janvier 2018: Au moins 29 civils ont été tués mercredi dans l'enclave assiégée de la Ghouta orientale, près de Damas, la plupart par des frappes aériennes russes, a indiqué une ONG - 8 January 2018: Russian as well as Assad regime’s warplanes kill more than 21 citizens of several families in Idlib countryside, mostly children and citizen women, and renew their intensive targeting to the area - 15 January 2018: Violent explosions shook areas in the southern countryside and other areas in the eastern countryside of Idlib, where missiles believed to be Russian targeted villages - 15 January 2018: No fewer than 177 people were killed and 811 others wounded in attacks launched by Assad forces and the Iranian-backed militias with Russian air support on eastern Ghouta in the past 16 days, according to Syrian Civil Defense - 23 January 2018: A day after reports of a fresh chemical weapons attack in the rebel enclave of East Ghouta, which injured more than 20 people, most of them children, USA's Tillerson says that Russia bears responsibility for Syria chemical attacks, condemned the Putin regime for 'shielding' its Syrian ally against punishment for its actions - 26 January 2018: After Russia’s 'Thermite' (cluster incendiary bombs) attack today, warplanes bomb again the eastern countryside of Idlib and shelling targets north of Homs - 29 January 2018: Russian and Syrian warplanes escalated their airstrikes on the towns and cities of the Idlib countryside on Sunday, as civilian displacements continue
February 2018: 3 February 2018: Airstrikes and barrel bomb attacks by the Assad regime and suspected Russian jets targeted convoys carrying civilians fleeing southern rural Aleppo on Friday, killing 20 civilians and injuring dozens more, as airstrikes also targeted villages in southern rural Aleppo - 4 February 2018: After a Russian warplane was shot down on Saturday in Idlib province, that has seen since years and sees today heavy air strikes and attacks on the ground by Assad regime's forces backed by Russia and Iran, Russia's Putin regime kills more than 30 people in Idlib in a revenge attack - 5 February 2018: At least 14 civilians were killed and dozens more were wounded in Russian airstrikes on Khan al-Sibl and Maasaran following the downing of a Russian jet, as seven more people were killed by the regime and Russia carrying out more than 25 raids and heavy airstrikes on Saraqeb since early morning Sunday, as 30 people were killed in Saraqeb and the town of Ariha in recent days, and as seven displaced people burned to death in deadly airstrikes targeting their vehicle as they fled regime bombardment on the village of Tel Adhiya - 5 February 2018: Russia, Assad bomb 20 towns in Syria, use chemical arms, as air strikes come against the background of the latest downing of a Russian Su-25 fighter jet - 9 February 2018: The death toll mounted steadily throughout Thursday in Eastern Ghouta, which has been besieged since 2013, with the SOHR tallying 75 civilians dead by the evening, as the death toll from a four-day Assad regime assault on the rebel enclave on the outskirts of Damascus soaring past 220, and as UN appeal for ceasefire goes unheeded, after the Russian regime of mass murderers and war criminals dismissed the proposal as 'unrealistic' - 9 February 2018: At least six people, including children, were killed on Thursday in fresh Russian/Assad regime airstrikes targeting two schools in the northern province of Idlib, also killing ten civilians and wounding dozens more in heavy aerial bombing on the town of Maarrat al-Numan, according to the Civil Defense - 12 February 2018: Assad regime and Russian airstrikes in rebel-held areas have killed 230 civilians in the past week in some of the conflict’s worst violence that may also constitute war crimes, said Zeid Ra‘ad al-Hussein, the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights - 13 February 2018: The names of Russian military contractors reportedly killed in clashes between USA-led coalition and pro-Assad regime forces last week have begun to surface - 15 February 2018: 15 Russians employed in Syria by a private security company in charge of 'protecting the oil and gas fields controlled by the Syrian regime' have been killed after an explosion rocked an arms depot of the company in Tabiya Jazira in Deir Ezzor province, according to SOHR, following the reported deaths of scores of Russian mercenaries last week - 15 February 2018: Continuing Russian-backed terror attacks, Assad regime forces shell places and carry out raids on areas in Daraa and Homs province, in Idlib province, amid aerial bombardments by warplanes believed to be Russian, also killing Civil Dense members and medical staff, in Rif Damashq province, amid aerial bombardments claiming the lives of more citizens including children and women, in Hama province - 16 February 2018: Russia bombs seventh hospital in Syria in 2 weeks in the village of Hass in Idlib province - 20 February 2018: More than 1000 casualties and wounded during less than 40 hours in the massacres of the besieged Eastern Ghouta amid the feebleness of the International Coalition, as SOHR reports ongoing targeting by warplanes and Assad's helicopters on the Eastern Ghouta with the participation of Russian warplanes and raising numbers of civilian casualties - 22 February 2018: Russia delivered weapons shipments reportedly including an array of internationally banned weapons to Assad regime forces ahead of Ghouta offensive - 22 February 2018: Assad and Russian warplanes and bombs continue to pound eastern Ghouta as UN and aid agencies once again plead for ceasefire, as more than 335 people have been killed in the area, with 13 civilians dying in latest strikes, and as Ghouta's desperate civilians say they've been abandoned to their fate - 23 February 2018: Russia reportedly tested over 200 new types of arms in Syria during its campaign in support of Assad's regime, as Russian regime was accused of taking part in murderous airstrikes against Eastern Ghouta - 28 February 2018: Russia 'on wrong side of history' over Syria chemical weapons, USA disarmament official says after reports of a chlorine attack in the besieged enclave of eastern Ghouta, a further OPCW investigation into the latest reports of chemical attacks and the leaking of a UN report into the supply of related items from North Korea
17 March 2018: Anatoly Kuntsevich, one of the men behind 'novichok', reportedly worked with Syrian regime, as deeply concerned Israel repeatedly warned the Russian regime without avail until in 2002, in circumstances that remain unknown, Kuntsevich died during a flight from Aleppo to Moscow - 22 March 2018: The number of civilians who were killed continues to rise in Harem city due to the death of more civilians affected by injured they had in raids by a warplane believed to be Russian - 31 March 2018: 1,797 citizens including 668 children and women killed in the Eastern Ghouta of Damascus during the past 2 months of bombardment, as Russian warplanes killed about 7,700 citizens in 30 months, about 60% of the total number of people killed by the regime’s bombardment on the Syrian territory in 42 months, according to SOHR
April 2018: 2 April 2018: Russian forces have targeted a medical center in rural Idlib province as the province has become home to about two million people, half of whom were forcibly displaced by the Assad regime and its Russian and Iranian allies - 4 April 2018: At least seven people were killed and a dozen more wounded in Russian airstrikes that hit northern Idlib province, as murderous raids targeted a marketplace in Ariha, leaving two people dead, and five more people were killed in the villages of Kourin and Al-Sukariyah - 6 April 2018: A Reuters investigation has revealed a covert airlift using civilian planes to fly private Russian contractors alias mercenaries to Syria's president, an operation the Putin regime insists does not exist - 7 April 2018: Russian and Assad regime's air strikes killed at least 40 civilians including 8 children and injured dozens in the last opposition-held town of Douma in Syria’s Eastern Ghouta on Friday, as Assad's army launches a ground offensive on its outskirts, as a Douma 'hospital is in a state of panic', as 'dentists are carrying out emergency surgeries (and) dead bodies are being brought in pieces and are unrecognizable', according to medics - 24 April 2018: Russian aircraft escalated their bombardment of areas in the northern Homs and southern Hama countrysides, coinciding with clashes on a number of fronts between opposition fighters and regime forces along with Iranian militias, who are trying to advance toward the area’s villages - 25 April 2018: A number of civilians were killed and injured in intensified bombardment by the Assad regime and Russian forces on Idlib province - 30 April 2018: SNHR documents in a report the deaths of 64 civilians, including 12 children, at the hands of regime forces and their Russian allies in the two weeks since the USA-British-French military strike, that has done little to stem the flow of civilian deaths - 30 April 2018: Russian and Assad regime forces step up aerial attacks on Northern Homs, targeting Al-Zaefaraneh, Al-Saen and Al-Majdal, leaving dozen of people killed and wounded and the only hospital of Al-Zaefaraneh out of service due to a vacuum missile attack
June 2018: 7 June 2018: The Assad regime and Russian forces attacked three healthcare centers in Syria in May, according to SNHR, saying that such attacks have been 'deliberate and systematic' - 8 June 2018: Air strikes likely by Russia on the village of Zardana in northern rural Idlib killed at least 44 people overnight including 11 women and six children, inflicting the highest death toll in a single attack on the region this yearaccording to SOHR - 8 June 2018: Syrian Civil Defense mourned volunteer Ali Hassan Baradei who was killed in the line of duty when Russian airstrikes hit the town of Zardana in rural Idlib on Thursday - 8 June 2018: As attacks by the Assad regime forces and its Russian ally continue to target rebel-held areas across Syria, SNHR said that it had recorded no fewer than 11 massacres in Syria in May 2018 - 9 June 2018: As the Assad regime and its Russian ally and the Iranian terrorist groups are carrying on with military operations, more vital civilian centers in Syria are coming under attack - 15 June 2018: According to SOHR, Assad regime's army and its allies bombarded and shelled the towns of Kafr Shams and al-Harah near the border with the Golan Heights region in the southwestern Deraa region on Friday, killing at least six people, the highest death toll from bombing since a 'de-escalation zone' was agreed in by the regime’s ally Russia, along with Jordan and the USA, as soccer fans roar 'goal' in Moscow - 22 June 2018: Crimea has stepped up grain exports to Syria over the past year in an arrangement that gives the Russian occupied peninsula an outlet for its surplus crops and ensures dictator Assad has a reliable source of wheat - 24 June 2018: Russian regime bombed rebel-held parts of southern Syria late Saturday as intense airstrikes targeted areas near Daraa in an assault to take over strategic region bordering Israel and Jordan, ending ceasefire agreed by Jordan, Russian regime and the USA last year, and killing many civilians, according to SOHR - 24 June 2018: Russian jets strike Busra al-Harir town in Daraa province, as soccer mob roars 'goal' in Russia - 25 June 2018: About 155 Russian raids and explosive barrels as well as hundreds of shells target the east of Daraa in 24 hours, as soccer mob roars 'goal' in Russia - 26 June 2018: After hundreds of Russian airstrikes, Assad regime forces and terrorist militiamen loyal to them control Bosr al-Harir - 27 June 2018: Continuing Russian and Iranian-backed terror attacks, Assad regime forces shell places and carry out raids on areas in Hama and Idlib province, in Daraa province, where the aerial and artillery shelling by the regime forces and their helicopters and by Russian warplanes, including attacks on hospitals and service centers, raise the death toll to more than 120 victims, and again in Hama province - 27 June 2018: Assad regime and Russian air forces have bombed most of the healthcare facilities and field hospitals in Dara’a province, putting them out of service, in repeat of the war crimes the Assad regime and its allies committed earlier in their bombing campaigns on eastern Ghouta and Aleppo - 28 June 2018: The military campaign launched by Assad's regime against the opposition in the south continues for a fourth day, with Russian air support and intense shelling in the towns and villages of the eastern countryside of Daraa, as soccer mob roars 'goal' in Russia - 29 June 2018: Assad and Russian airstrikes pounded rebel-held areas in southwestern Syria on Thursday, killing at least 17 civilians in an underground shelter and driving thousands more from their homes, as displaced people protest near the Israeli border demanding international protection, as soccer mob roars 'goal' in Russia - 29 June 2018: Russian jets hit a house in rural Dara’a in which several families were hiding to escape the bombardment, killing nine people, mostly children and women, as Assad regime and Russian air forces have further intensified the bombing campaign which targeted new towns and villages, and as soccer mob roars 'goal' in Russia
July 2018: 1 July 2018: Continuing Russian and Iranian-backed terror attacks, Assad regime forces shell places and carry out raids on areas in Daraa province, amid aerial bombardments by warplanes and helicopters, which caused a massacre claiming the lives of 10 citizens half of whom are children and resulting in the injury and missing of others, in Aleppo and Hama province, again in Daraa province, where tens of air raids and shells target Tafas town, raising the number of casualties, again in Hama and in Idlib province, leaving at least 8 casualties, as democracy is bombed to death across Syria, and as soccer mob roars 'goal' in Russia - 5 July 2018: Waves of air strikes pounded southern Syria on Thursday as Russian-backed regime forces with hundreds of missiles and barrel bombs launched their most intensive murderous bombing campaign yet in the two-week-old offensive, as soccer mob roars 'goal' in Russia - 6 July 2018: New Russian mercenary group reportedly fighting in Syria - 6 July 2018: Armoured vehicles and a tank with a Russian flag were seen heading towards the Nasib border crossing between Jordan and Syria - 13 July 2018: Russian forces have killed 71 civilians, including 20 children and nine women since the start of the World Cup on 10 June, committing at least eight massacres, attacking 14 vital civilian centers, including five healthcare facilities, and displacing 270,000 people along with allies, according to SNHR - 16 July 2018: Causing civilian casualties, Assad regime's and Russian air forces pummeled northwestern rural Dara’a on Monday, stepping up the use of barrel bombs and cluster munitions to force rebel fighters to surrender, as Russian airstrikes killed three civilians and injured many others in the village of Aqraba, carrying out about 75 airstrikes on Tal al-Harra in the past 24 hours - 16 July 2018: Assad regime’s and allies' onslaught on Daraa caused biggest displacement wave since 2011 - 17 July 2018: Continuing Russian and Iranian-backed terror attacks, Assad regime forces shell places and carry out raids on areas in Hama province, in Idlib and Lattakia province, in Daraa and al-Quneitra province, amid aerial bombardments by warplanes and helicopters - 18 July 2018: Dozens of civilians, mostly women and children, were killed in Assad regime and Russian airstrikes on border villages in the provinces of Quneitra and Daraa in the past 24 hours - 19 July 2018: Russian forces have killed more than 6,000 Syrian civilians since the beginning of its direct military intervention in Syria in 2015, also committing dozens of massacres in the areas covered by the ‘de-escalation zones’ agreement which was reached in May 2017, according to SNHR - 20 July 2018: Continuing Russian and Iranian-backed terror attacks, Assad regime forces shell places and carry out raids on areas in Hama province, and in Daraa province, amid aerial bombardments by helicopters and Russian warplanes, targeting the towns of Tasil, Sahm al-Golan, Jellin, Adwan, and other places in Yarmouk Basin - 21 July 2018: After massacres of 26 civilian casualties, including 11 children, Russian warplanes continue to destroy and incinerate Yarmouk Basin area in Daraa province
September 2018: 4 September 2018: Russian regime resumes Idlib air strikes targeting areas including the large town of Jisr al-Shughur and the town of Ariha held by Turkish-backed rebels, amid warnings - 8 September 2018: Russian and Syrian regimes' warplanes pounded towns in Syria’s Idlib province on Saturday, a day after a summit of Turkey, Iran and Russia failed to agree on a ceasefire, as witnesses and rescuers said at least a dozen air strikes hit a string of villages and towns in southern Idlib and the town of Latamneh in northern Hama, killing civilians, and Assad's helicopters dropped so-called barrel bombs on civilian homes - 10 September 2018: The Assad regime and Russian air forces have further intensified the bombing campaign in Idlib and Hama provinces, killing more than 30 people, including women and children. A number of towns and villages were declared disaster areas as a result of the widespread destruction
March 2019: 1 March 2019: As a part of the aerial escalation, warplanes return to bomb Idlib and target major cities and towns along with ground shelling on several areas in the countryside of the province and Sahl Al-Ghab - 1 March 2019: Continuing Russian and Iranian-backed terror attacks, Assad regime forces shell places and carry out raids on areas Hama and Idlib province, also targeting Khan Shaykhun city - 4 March 2019: Syrian Coalition demands accountability for chemical weapons attack launched against civilians in eastern Ghouta's Douma in the spring of 2018 - 4 March 2019: Assad regime and Russia’s relentless bombing campaign on towns and villages in Hama and Idlib provinces forces tens of thousands to flee - 4 March 2019: Russian regime seeking to force people trapped in Rukban camp to return to regime-held areas as blockade continues - 5 March 2019: Russia threatens to starve Syrian refugee camp and force men into Assad's army - 7 March 2019: Eight years into Syria's Civil War, Russia is the big victor in Syria and will remain for a long time to come, 'Haaretz' says, stating: 'What a difference can 50 fighter jets make. In the summer of 2015 Syrian President Bashar Assad thought his regime was facing collapse' - 23 March 2019: Russian airstrikes killed at least 15 people, including four children and two women, and injured 27 others in at least 11 attacks on residential areas in rural Idlib including the town of Kfariya
April 2019: 8/9 April 2019: Suspected Russian long-range missiles hit the town of Jisr al-Shughour in rural Idlib, according to Syrian Civil Defense, as local observatory reported that the source of the missiles is the Russian warships stationed in the Mediterranean, wounding 12 civilians, including 10 children and a woman, and destroying a large amount of civilian property and infrastructure - 9 April 2019: The ongoing bombing campaign by the Assad regime and Russia has so far killed no fewer than 244 civilians since February 2, according to aid group - 17 April 2019: SNHR said that it had documented nearly 457 attacks in Syria by the Assad and Russian forces using cluster munitions, 24 of which occurred following the Sochi Agreement in September 2018 - 23 April 2019: Continuing Russian and Iranian-backed terror attacks, Assad regime and allied forces shell places and carry out raids on areas in Hama and Idlib province, amid aerial bombardments by Russian warplanes - 26 April 2019: Russian warplanes renew their airstrikes today evening on Sahl Al-Ghab and Jabal Shashabo leaving wounded and people stuck under the rubble in Al-Amqiyyah village - 27 April 2019: Warplanes and helicopters carried out a new round of shelling, as Russian warplanes reportedly killed 15 civilians in the countryside of Idlib and Hama - 27 April 2019: After killing 15 civilians, the Russian warplanes continue their escalation within 'Putin-Erdogan' areas and carry out more raids, as Assad regime forces continue shelling targeting southern countryside of Idlib, southern countryside of Aleppo and Hama province - 29 April 2019: Russian jets on Sunday bombed civilian homes in the town of Qal'at al-Madiq in northwestern rural Hama, killing seven civilians and injuring many others - 29 April 2019: Russia using siege and starvation to force out residents of al-Rukban, according to OCHA - 30 April 2019: Months after the last targeting of this kind, Assad's helicopters drop more than 10 barrel bombs on Hama countryside in conjunction with the heavy raids by the Russian and the regime’s warplanes, as Russian operations complete their 43rd month on the Syrian territory by killing 22 citizens including about 10 children and women by its warplanes - 30 April 2019: The intensifying airstrikes by the Russian air force knocked out two hospitals in the town of Latamina in northern rural Hama in the past 24 hours, local activists said
6/7 May 2019: 6 May 2019: Russian and Assad's air raids and barrel bombs force more than 300,000 civilians to displace in 6 days, according to SOHR - 6 May 2019: Warplanes of the regime and the Russians start the 7th day of the most violent escalation by about 55 airstrikes on Aleppo, Hama, and Idlib provinces causing casualties and wounded - 6 May 2019: Aerial bombardment by the Assad regime and Russian forces targeting large areas of the provinces of Idlib and Hama knocked out four hospitals on Sunday, killing a nurse and a civilian in one of these hospitals - 7 May 2019: Assad regime forces and Russia bombarding 12 medical sites over 10 days in the Hama and Idlib provinces in central and northern Syria, according to SNHR - 7 May 2019: Assad regime forces and militias belonging to the regime reportedly launched attacks on a number of different fronts across Idlib and Hama provinces, with Russian and regime air support - 7 May 2019: Russian and regime's aerial and ground shelling continue on the 8th day of their escalation
June 2019: 1 June 2019: Russia bears primary responsibility for Assad’s bombing of civilians, according to Syrian Coalition’s Riad al-Hassan, saying that the atrocities taking place against civilians in northwestern Syria constitute war crimes under the international law and international humanitarian law - 22 June 2019: Assad regime’s helicopters drop barrel bombs on the southern countryside of Idlib in conjunction with more than 20 raids by the Russian and regime’s warplanes, when warplanes of the murderous Russian regime also targeted the villages of al-Jabin and Tal Meleh at the northwestern countryside of Hama, as SOHR until the 21st of June 2019 documented the death of hundreds of civilians including women and children by aerial and ground bombardments since the 30th of April 2019 - 23 June 2019: Assad regime forces shell the southern countryside of Idlib by missiles loaded with the internationally banned phosphorus in conjunction with airstrikes by Russian warplanes targeting the same area - 24 June 2019: After an air raid by Russian warplanes that struck his home on Saturday evening, Khaled Mohamed al-Dani, a child from the town of Saraqeb in Idlib province, lost his life along with his mother and his siblings Duha, Mohamed and Hamza al-Dani, a day after recognition for excellence from his school - 24 June 2019: About 400 air and ground strikes target northern and northwest of Hama
July 2019: 4 July 2019: Assad regime and Russian air forces continue to bomb populated areas in northwestern Syria, especially in rural Idlib, resulting in the death of dozens of civilians, including children and women - 6 July 2019: Assad regime and Russian forces continue to bomb towns and villages in northwestern Syria, mainly targeting the infrastructure, healthcare facilities, educational facilities, and services institutions - 7 July 2019: At least 544 civilians have been killed and over 2,000 people injured since a Russian-led assault on the last rebel bastion in northwestern Syria began two months ago, rights groups and rescuers said on Saturday - 12 July 2019: Assad and Russian forces have escalated their airstrikes in northwestern Syria, especially in Idlib and its countryside, killing and injuring dozens of civilians including children as well as knocking out six vital civilian centers since Thursday morning - 13 July 2019: After they killed 2 families, the Russian warplanes renew their bombardment on the countryside of Hama and Idlib, and bombardment by the regime’s warplanes on a village east of Idlib leaves about 11 casualties and wounded - 13 July 2019: It rose to 14, the number of casualties documented by SOHR following a massacre carried out by Russian warplanes targeting agricultural lands in the vicinity of Khan Shaykhun, as aerial and ground bombardment by regime’s forces south of Aleppo continues - 13 July 2019: Two months of intensive airstrikes by Syrian government forces and their Russian allies, coupled with a fierce ground assault on rebel-controlled Idlib province, have killed hundreds of people and caused massive displacement while achieving little to no gain for Assad's and Putin's murderous regime - 22 July 2019: Russia and Assad regime step up murderous airstrikes against civilians in Idlib province
August 2019: 5 August 2019: SNHR said that it registered the names of 433 civilians who were killed across Syria in July, mostly in the ongoing onslaught the Assad regime and Russia launched against Idlib and rural Hama - 6 August 2019: Russian warplanes renew the airstrikes on the northern countryside of Hama - 15 August 2019: Russian double tap airstrike kills Civil Defense volunteer while trying to rescue a civilian near the village of Basika on Wednesday, after the Assad regime and Russian air forces bombed at least 29 healthcare facilities in the provinces of Idlib and Hama, causing dozens of civilian casualties - 16 August 2019: Russian airstrikes targeted an ambulance center in the town of Ma’aret Hurmeh in Idlib province, killing 3 medical workers 'as they were trying to rescue civilians wounded in the ongoing aerial bombardment', according to the Syrian American Medical Society, as at least seven people were killed in attacks on Idlib, according to SOHR - 16 August 2019: Russian and Assad regime’s recent military campaign had killed 1,221 civilians, including 332 children, as more than 853,000 people were displaced, according to Syrian Response Coordination Team - 17 August 2019: A suspected Russian airstrike hit a displaced people's gathering in the town of Hass south of Idlib province on Friday, killing at least 13 people, including at least four children, activists and war monitor SOHR said
27 September 2019 USA sanctions against jet fuel for Russian forces in Syria and against sanctions-evasion conspiracy: 27 September 2019: USA imposed sanctions on a firm it said was participating in a scheme to avoid USA sanctions while helping provide jet fuel to Russian forces in Syria
Russia/Turkey relations: Russia/Turkey relations
2015: 5 October 2015: Turkey intercepted Russian jet violating air space as Russian regime increases military activity in region carrying out airstrikes against Syrian people - 24 November 2015 Russian Sukhoi Su-24 shootdown - 24 November 2015: Russian fighter jet near Turkey-Syria border downed by Turkey after airspace violation - 25 November: Turkish military releases recording of warning to Russian Sukhoi Su-24 jet - 27 November: Russia cracks down on food and agriculture imports from Turkey - 27 November 2015: Hundreds of Turks have rallied against Russian and Syrian offensives on the province of Latakia, an area mainly controlled by ethnic Turkmens, as Russian forces continue launching heavy bombardment - 27 November 2015: Turkish president warns Russia not to 'play with fire' - 30 November 2015: Russian air strikes in northwest Syria have heavily targeted ethnic Turkmen areas in the weeks before Turkey shot down a Russian warplane, according to a Reuters data analysis - 4 December 2015: Russia faces massive 14 $ billion loss over cancelled South Stream and TurkStream gas projects - 13 décembre 2015: Un destroyer russe tire sur un bateau de pêche turc en mer Egée à 22 km de l'île grecque de Lemnos
1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster: Chernobyl disaster (since 1986)
2014: 9 January 2014: Naftogaz and Gazprom sign supplement to gas contract - 30 janvier: Poutine a fait savoir l'Ukraine qu'il allait 'attendre la formation du nouveau gouvernement ukrainien' pour s'assurer s'il y a lieu de mettre en oeuvre les accords conclus en décembre sur une aide de 15 milliards de dollars - 6. Februar: Putins Ukraine-Beauftragter Sergej Glasjew fordert die Ukraine auf, die Proteste niederzuschlagen - 24 February 2014: Russia recalls ambassador to Ukraine as Kiev turns towards EU - 4 March: Russia's Gazprom will remove a discount on the price it charges Ukraine for gas from April 2014 - 1 April: Russia sharply hikes gas price for Ukraine - 12 April 2014: Ukraine stops gas payments to Russia until talks conclude, after Russia's Gazprom raised the price for gas and the Russian regime claimed a $2.2 billion debt - 24 April: After Russian gas monopoly Gazprom billed Naftogaz of Ukraine USD 11 billion for taking less gas than contracted in 2013, Ukraine is preparing to file a lawsuit to the Stockholm arbitration court - 16 June 2014: Gazprom imposes advance payment requirement for gas supplies to Ukraine - 16 June: Russia cuts off gas supply to Ukraine - Export blockade of Ukraine by Russia
March 2014: 1 March: 2,000 Russian troops arrive near Simferopol in Crimea, as Yanukovych gives a news conference in Rostov-on-Don - 1 March: As Russian parliament allows Putin to use military in Ukraine Russia takes over Ukraine's Crimea region - 4 March: Large contingents of Russian troops reportedly massed at the crossing between the Crimean peninsula and eastern Ukraine, in preparation for a possible attack - 4 March: Russian soldiers fire at unarmed Ukrainian soldiers trying to retake their aircraft captured by Russian special forces - 4 March: Russia has the right to use force in Ukraine, Putin pretends - 6 March: Amid Western efforts to diffuse Crimea crisis, Russia refuses to talk to Ukraine - 7/8 March: Russian troops deny access to unarmed international observers from the OSCE to the Crimea for the second day running - 8 March: Warning shots were fired to prevent unarmed OSCE international military observer mission from entering Ukraine's Russian-occupied Crimea, as new confrontations between Russian and Ukrainian troops raised tension ever higher - 9 March: A team of journalists in Crimea has been filmed coming under attack by reportedly Russian soldiers - 9 March: Pro-Russian force seizes military airport in Ukraine's Crimea - 10 March: Russian forces consolidated their hold on Ukraine's Crimea peninsula, taking over a military hospital and a missile base - 10 March: Armed men, described as Russian troops, fired in the air as they moved into a Ukrainian naval post in Crimea near Bakhchisaray - 13/14 March: Russia starts military exercises near the border with Ukraine in a show of force and without a sign of backing down on plans to annex its neighbour's Crimea region - 15 March: Around 50,000 people rally in Moscow against Crimea intervention - 18 March: Putin signs a decree formally recognizing Crimea as a 'sovereign and independent state', defying Ukraine and the West - 18 March: Putin signs treaty making Crimea, Sevastopol part of Russia
19 March: Pro-Russian units enter Ukrainian naval base in Crimea - 22 March: Ramming through the gate armed forces backed by armoured vehicles violently broke inside a Ukrainian airbase in Crimea on Saturday, firing from automatic weapons into the air - 22/23 March: Ukrainian soldier wounded as Russian forces attack Ukrainian Crimea base in Belbek and Putin regime tries to consolidate control - 24 March: Russian troops seize control of another Ukrainian military base in Crimea, the naval base in Feodosia, throwing stun grenades and tying up the hands of Ukrainian marines - 24 March: Ukraine orders withdrawal of armed forces from Crimea in face of Russian threats - 28 March 2014: The IMF announced a $14-$18 billion bailout for Ukraine as the UN General Assembly refused to recognise Russia's annexation of the Crimea peninsula - 31 March: Ukrainian government sent a protest note to Russian Putin regime over its PM Medvedev's visit to Crimea, calling it a crude violation of international norms and rejecting Putin's calls for federalisation of Ukraine
December 2018: 5 December 2018: Russia has resettled over 105,000 Russian citizens to Crimea since the Russian occupation of the peninsula in March 2014, according to Ukraine Navy Commander Voronchenko - 6 December 2018: Ukraine's Volodymyr Yelchenko has said Russia deployed in occupied Crimea carriers and other means capable of delivering nuclear weapons - 9 December 2018: A large convoy of trucks carrying military equipment into the Russian-occupied Crimea was spotted moving across the Kerch Strait Bridge on December 8 - 10 December 2018: The Russian regime launched a year-long disinformation campaign to soften up public opinion before its recent seizure of three Ukrainian ships and their crews in the Sea of Azov, according to the EU’s security commissioner Julian King, saying false claims included that Ukraine had infected the sea with cholera and that its secret services had been trying to transport a nuclear bomb to occupied Crimea - 10 December 2018: Russia blocking Kerch Strait passage to over 100 ships, according to Ukraine border guards - 17 décembre 2018: Le régime russe déploie des avions de chasse en Crimée, annexée en 2014
Since February 2014 Russian military buildup and intervention in Ukraine, 2014 Russian-backed riots in Ukraine and war in Donbass (detailed timeline see 'Ukraine', explained further below): 2014 pro-Russian riots in Ukraine - Since February 2014 Russian military intervention in Ukraine - 2014/2015 buildup of Russian troops near Ukraine - War in Donbass since 2014 - Humanitarian situation during Russian-backed war in Donbas
April 2014: 6 April 2014: Pro-Russian demonstrators attack government buildings in eastern Ukraine smashing windows and planting Russian flag - 7 April: Ukraine's president to hold emergency meeting and to address parliamentary assembly of the Council of Europe over threats to the democratic institutions in Ukraine and attacks - 8 April: Putin urged to stop destabilizing Ukraine after reported evidence that clashes in eastern Ukraine involving pro-Kremlin forces were incited by outsiders - 8 April: Ukraine ends one pro-Russia occupation but armed protesters hold out in two more eastern cities in what Kiev says is a Russian-led plan to dismember the country - 8 April: Russian special forces and agents are the 'catalyst' behind chaos in east Ukraine, USA secretary of state says - 9 April: USA sees Russian agents behind east Ukraine unrest - 11 April 2014: Satellite images show Russian military build-up near Ukraine - 12 April: Pro-Russian forces take over government buildings in eastern Ukraine - 13 April: Ukraine unrest has 'tell-tale signs of Moscow's involvement', USA's UN ambassador Samantha Power says - 18 April: In Geneva Deshchytsia, Kerry, Ashton, Lavrov agree on plan of de-escalation in eastern Ukraine, including that the OSCE special monitoring mission should play a leading role in assisting the Ukrainian authorities and local communities in the immediate implementation, especially in disarming militants and vacating occupied buildings - 19 April: Inside seized Donetsk's regional administration building named 'Donetsk People's Republic' balaclavas, Stalin flags and razorwire - 20 April: Ukraine's police and intelligence service accused Russia of staging a fatal shooting incident in which pro-Russia separatists were killed in the east - 20 April: Main synagogue in southeastern Ukrainian city of Nikolayev was empty of worshippers when it was firebombed early Saturday morning - 22 April: The USA State Department has released images of soldiers in eastern Ukraine that it says are Russian forces - 22 April: 11 persons suspected of separatism arrested at checkpoints in the area, all citizens of Russia, Dnipropetrovsk's Mykhailo Lysenko says - 23 April: As John Kerry told Russia's Lavrov that USA would impose further sanctions if tensions don't de-escalate in eastern Ukraine, as Joe Biden on a visit to Kiev called on Russian regime to pull back troops and to urge the separatists to disarm, as Russia's Churkin ruled out rapid progress calling the efforts naive, two tortured bodies found near Slaviansk, one of them reportedly Volodymyr Rybak of Batkivshchyna party, who had been abducted by separatists - 26 April 2014: Russian military aircraft have entered Ukrainian airspace on several occasions, USA says - 28 April 2014: Violating international law, Russian television shows three captured Ukrainian security guards bloodied, blindfolded, stripped of their trousers and shoes, their arms bound with packing tape in Slovyansk, where OSCE observers are also being held - 29 April: NATO cannot confirm withdrawal of Russian troops from Ukraine's border - 7 May: 'No evidence' of Russian pull back from the tense border with Ukraine, USA says
May 2014: 5 May: SBU calls another five names of Russian participants in Odesa provocations on 2 May - 7 May: At a meeting with OSCE Chairman Didier Burkhalter Putin calls on Ukrainian separatists to reschedule May 11 'referendum', adding that presidential elections in Ukraine, scheduled for May 25, are a step in the right direction - 14 May 2014: Ukraine's government launches a series of round tables talks with spiritual leaders, lawmakers, government figures and regional officials, insisting they will not talk to the pro-Russia gunmen seizing buildings and fighting government troops across eastern Ukraine violating international law - 14 May 2014: 94% of Russians get news about Ukraine from Russian TV channels according to a poll conducted by the Russian Public Opinion Study Center - 16 May: Listing numerous specific examples of targeted killings, torture, beatings, abductions and intimidation mostly carried out by well-organized and well-armed anti-Government groups, UN report warns of an alarming deterioration in human rights in eastern Ukraine - 19 May: USA has seen no indication that Russian troops are pulling back from the Ukrainian border despite an order from Putin and after Putin has made similar announcements previously - 24 May: Ukrainian anti-aircraft battery fired warning shots to prevent an incursion by Russian helicopter gunships from the Crimea peninsula - 29 May 2014: Pro-Russian separatists near Slovyansk shot down a Ukrainian army helicopter carrying supplies, killing 14 soldiers including a general, as separatist leader in Donetsk admits his fighters include Russian 'volunteers'
June/July 2014: 4 June: New militant groups are being formed in border regions of Russia to break through Ukrainian border and to penetrate into Donbas - 6 June 2014: Poroshenko meets Putin in Normandy without handshake - 14 June: Russia has sent tanks, heavy weapons and rocket launchers to eastern Ukraine in support of separatists, USA says - 17 June: According to UN figures, about 34,000 Ukrainian citizens were forced to leave their homes because of armed actions in the east - 20 June 2014: UN observers confirm involvement of Russian intelligence agencies in Odesa tragedy on May 2 - 25 June: Russia has sent a squadron of MiG-29 fighter aircraft to the border with Ukraine and is conducting reconnaissance flights - 26 June: Poroshenko, Putin agree to Medvedchuk's mediation - 26 June: Russian border guards kill militants who flee from Ukraine, NSDC says - 27 June: Ukrainian president accuses Russia of doing nothing to end 'disastrous' war
3 July 2014: Russian helicopters violate Ukrainian air space, Ukraine's NSDC spokesman Lysenko says - 4 July: Ukraine's SBU chief Nalyvaichenko again accuses Russian regime of helping militants in arms supplies to Ukraine - 5 July: Militants coming from the Russia side attacked Ukrainian border checkpoint on Azov Sea coast killing one border guard and wounding eight - 5 July: Refugees reportedly shot down by militants near Sloviansk - 5 July: Separatists stronghold Slovyansk has been taken by Ukrainian troops - 11 July 2014: Up to 30 Ukrainian servicemen killed by pro-Russian separatists grad missile attack on the border post at Zelenopillya, in Luhansk region - 12 July: Grad launchers again firing from Russian border - 17 July 2014: 'This is so much fun in Gukovo! Guys, Grad is shelling,' a Russian man comments filming Grad shelling Ukraine from Rostov region - 17 July: A Russian military plane shot down a Su-25 aircraft of the Ukrainian Armed Forces on Wednesday
17 July 2014 Malaysian MH17 shot down by a Russian BUK missile: 17 July 2014 Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17 shot down by a Russian BUK missile fired from an area in eastern Ukraine controlled by Russian-backed separatists - 18 July 2014: Expressing condolences to families and friends of the innocent victims, Ukraine president Poroshenko says after Malaysia Airlines MH17 crash near Russian border that Russian aggression is a threat to global security - 19 July: Transcripts of MH17 conversations between Russian intelligence and pro-Russian rebels released - 22/23 July: USA intelligence officials lay out case that Russian-backed separatists shot down MH17 jetliner last week to counter Russian efforts to muddy the waters with claims of Ukrainian culpability, presenting evidence that separatists shot down plane, likely 'by mistake' - 24 July: NATO continues to see evidence of weapons being moved into Ukraine from Russia since the downing of Malaysian MH17 airliner - 25 July: USA said it had evidence Russian forces are firing artillery from inside Russia on Ukrainian troops and that Russian regime is also planning to deliver heavier and more powerful multiple rocket launchers to the pro-Russian separatists - 26 July: Russia continues to build up its military presence along the border with Ukraine, deploying new artillery positions - 26 July: Putin culpable in Ukraine MH17 plane crash, USA's Josh Earnest says - 27 July: Satellite images released by USA show Russian rocket fire into Ukraine and heavy artillery for pro-Russian separatists has also crossed the border
August-October 2014: 2 August: Russian regime fires with Grads and launches drones again - 2 August: Russian regime continues to increase the concentration of troops near the Ukrainian border - 4 August 2014: Anti-terrorist operation forces in eastern Ukraine came under artillery and mortar fire from Russian territory late on August 3 and early on August 4 - 9 August: Fierce battles on Ukraine's porous eastern border left 15 government troops dead as fears of a possible Russian invasion swirled Saturday and NATO urged Moscow to withdraw its troops - 16 August: Pro-Russian separatist Zakharchenko in Donetsk says he has 1,200 fighters 'trained in Russia' under his command, also many armoured vehicles and tanks - 19 August: Russia not ready to assume obligations regarding control over Ukrainian-Russian border and ensure the presence of OSCE observers, Ukrainian FM Klimkin says
June-August 2015: 2 June 2015: Russia faked satellite photos of downing of Malaysian MH17 in July 2014, forensic report says - 4 June: Fighting near Maryinka in eastern Ukraine is the most serious violation of the Minsk agreements by Russian-backed separatists, EU says - 4 July 2015: As Russia's Donbas army swells to 80,000, Russian regime threatens to use nuclear weapons to defend annexed Crimea - 5 July 2015: Filtering center set up in Rostov region to select military for deployment in Ukraine reported, as captured Russian officer reveals more details of regime's intervention in east Ukraine - 20 July: Local residents say tens of thousands of soldiers are now garrisoned at Kuzminka, a once quiet Russian town near Ukraine, sleeping in tents - 23 July 2015: Another Russian spy drone shot down in east Ukraine, documented by Video - 11 August 2015: Parts suspected of belonging to a Russian missile system have been found at the site where Malaysian Airlines flight MH17 was downed last year, Dutch prosecutors say
September/October 2015: 11 September 2015: New Russian military base appears near border with Ukraine - 11 September 2015: Russian regime's court convicted a Ukrainian man of helping try to paint his country's national flag on a Moscow skyscraper as an act of protest against Russian regime's foreign policy and sentenced him to two years and three months in jail - 14 September: Weapons, explosives discovered in Putin's 'humanitarian aid' stored in a warehouse near Mariupol - 25 September 2015: Russian major Starkov, detained in July near Donetsk in a military truck full of ammunition, sentenced to 14 years in prison by Dzerzhynsk district court in Donetsk region - 9 October 2015: Ukrainian refugees from the Donbas conflict zone returning home from Russia reportedly deceived - 8 October 2015: The 'Bellingcat' open source investigation into the downing of Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17 summarizes that on 17 July 2014 a Buk missile launcher, originating from the 53rd Brigade near Kursk in Russia, travelled from Donetsk to Snizhne, was then unloaded and drove under its own power to a field south of Snizhne, where at approximately 4:20 pm it launched a surface-to-air missile that hit Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17 as it flew over Ukraine, and was driven back on the morning of July 18 from Luhansk in Ukraine across the border to Russia, adding that 'alternative scenarios presented by the Russian Ministry of Defense and Almaz-Antey are at best deeply flawed, and at worst show a deliberate attempt to mislead using fabricated evidence' - 13 October: International investigators have concluded that Malaysia Airlines flight MH17 was shot down by a Russian-made BUK missile fired from rebel-held eastern Ukraine on 17 July 2014, a Dutch paper says ahead of the official report - 13 October: Dutch MH17 report suggests efforts were made by Russian-backed separatists to cover up causes of disaster, including a bungled autopsy in which metal fragments from a Russian-made Buk missile were deliberately removed, as the chairman of the safety board Tjibbe Joustra says to Dutch journalists in the corridor of parliament that the Buk missile was fired from an area controlled by Russian-backed separatists
January-March 2016: 15 January 2016: Following Russia’s statements on OSCE monitored cease-fire, the number of attacks has increased, Ukraine’s Iryna Heraschenko says, as Russian-terrorist troops violated the ceasefire in eastern Ukraine over 60 times overnight - 9 February: Russia holds military drills near eastern Ukraine's border, mobilizing all ground and airborne forces to full combat alert - 18 February: Russian regime continues to deliver military equipment to Crimea, turning annexed Black Sea peninsula into a military base - 24 February 2016: Bellingcat names those possibly involved in July 2014 MH17 crash, including Russia Defence Ministry and Putin - 24 February 2016: MH17 report identifies Russian soldiers suspected of downing Malaysia Airlines flight MH17 in Ukraine in 2014 - 24 February 2016: MH17 - Potential Suspects and Witnesses from the 53rd Anti-Aircraft Missile Brigade - A bellingcat Investigation 2015/2016 - 2 March 2016: Russian regular servicemen continue to rotate in eastern Ukraine, while combined Russian-backed separatist forces keep receiving new military equipment, weapons and ammunition, Ukraine's Ministry of Defence says - 6 March 2016: More than 2,000 Russian soldiers have been killed fighting Ukrainian troops in the Donbas since the start of the conflict, according to online reports
April/May 2016: 8 April: 103 Russian soldiers have been killed and 98 heavily wounded in Donbas warzone since start of 2016, declared by Putin regime as accidents during military drills - 8 April 2016: Russian military drone downed near Ukraine's Avdiyivka, documented by photos and video - 18 April 2016: Russian regime ordered its servicemen to position artillery near the Ukrainian border and launch fire hundreds of times in summer 2014 at the soldiers, who guarded the line at the time, according to investigative journalist organisation Bellingcat - 30 April 2016: More Russian weapons, military hardware, tanks, munitions and fuel materials are reported to have been sent to the militant-held areas of Ukraine's Donbas region - 4 May 2016: Bellingcat releases a report on the Buk anti-air complex which shot down the Malaysia Airliner MH17 in 2014, saying that the vehicle belongs to Russia's 53rd Anti-Aircraft Missile Brigade, located in the city of Kursk - 16 May: Six soldiers of the 1st Army Corps of the Russian Armed Forces were injured over the last 24 hours in eastern Ukraine - 17 May 2016: Crimean Tatars banned from honouring 1944 deportation victims by Russian occupation authorities
September 2016: 4 September: Ukrainian intelligence officers name fifty Russian officers fighting for militants in Donbas - 7 September 2016: Investigation of documents of the Kremlin-backed separatist secret service 'MGB DPR' and materials of OSCE SMM gave new evidence of Russian invasion in Ukraine - 28 September 2016: Dutch-led joint investigation team including representatives from Australia, Malaysia, Ukraine, and Belgium states that there is 'irrefutable evidence' that a Russian Buk 9M38 missile downed the Malaysia Airlines Boeing 777 in 2014, killing all 298 people on board, also concluding that the Buk missile system was brought across the border from Russia and later transported back escorted by several other vehicles and by 'armed men in uniform', according to witnesses, photographs, video, damning intercepted telephone calls, radar data, forensic examinations, tests and reconstructions
Since November 2018 Kerch Strait incident: November 2018 Kerch Strait incident - 25 November 2018: Ukraine’s navy has said Russia’s border guards rammed one of its tugboats in the Black Sea off Moscow-annexed Crimea in an 'openly aggressive action' - 26 November 2018: Russia’s coast guard opened fire on and seized three of Ukraine’s vessels Sunday, wounding two crew members, after Russian regime stopped the three Ukrainian ships from entering the Sea of Azov, as a bilateral treaty gives both Ukraine and Russia the right to use the Sea of Azov, which is home to two of Ukraine's most important ports, lies between Ukraine and Russia and is linked by the narrow Kerch Strait to the Black Sea - 26 November 2018: Nato demanded Russia 'ensure unhindered access to Ukrainian ports in the Azov Sea in accordance with international law' - 28 November 2018: Following Russian regime’s seizure of three Ukrainian navy ships and crew, regime to deploy new missiles to annexed Crimea, as Ukraine president warns regime, saying 'I don’t want anyone to think this is fun and games. Ukraine is under threat of full-scale war with Russia' - 29 November 2018: Two Ukrainian Azov Sea ports, Berdyansk and Mariupol, are in effect under blockade by Russia as vessels are being barred from leaving and entering, Ukraine’s infrastructure minister has said
Aductions, tortured and murdered Ukrainians by Russian-backed separatists since 2014 - reports, studies and lists: List of abductions and murdered Ukrainians by pro-Russia separatists
2016: 21 March 2016: About 123 hostages remain in Russian-backed militants’ captivity in Donbas, Ukraine's representative in the humanitarian subgroup in Trilateral Contact Group Iryna Herashchenko says - 22 March 2016: Ukraine slams Russian court sentencing Nadiya Savchenko to 22 years after sham trial - 23 March 2016: UN Secretary General supports Ukrainian side in Savchenko's case - 31 March 2016: Almost 700 of Ukrainian nationals went missing on the temporarily occupied territories of Donetsk and Luhansk regions in eastern Ukraine - 18. Mai 2016: Flucht des Amtstierarztes Oleksandr Hryschtschenko aus Foltergefängnis in Lugansk, mindestens 79 Foltergefängnisse wie das in Lugansk in den sogenannten Volksrepubliken Lugansk und Donezk unter Mithilfe russischer Staatsbürger - 20 May 2016: Terrifying newspaper's report tells how pro-Russian separatists tortured 4,000 people in eastern Ukraine - 25 May 2015: Ukrainian pilot Savchenko reportedly to be swapped today for Russian soldiers captured in Ukraine - 4 November 2016: Nadiya Savchenko told BBC's Kirsty Wark how, despite fears for her personal security, she travelled to Russia to support Ukrainian political prisoners and how the international community should view Vladimir Putin
Russia/United Arab Emirates relations: Russia/United Arab Emirates relations
August-December 2012: 9 August 2012: A High Court judge appointed to hold the inquest into the death of Alexander Litvinenko - 19 September: Litvinenko's widow hopes inquest will reveal truth - 20. September 2012: Fast sechs Jahre nach dem Tod Alexander Litwinenkos kündigt britischer Richter gerichtliche Untersuchung des Falls an und kritisiert, daß diese noch nicht stattgefunden habe - 20 September: Inquest into Litvinenko's death will examine claims the Russian government was involved - if proven this would be an 'act of state-sponsored nuclear terrorism' - 2 November: Litvinenko inquest details emerge - 14 December: Alexander Litvinenko was a 'registered and paid' agent working for Britain's foreign intelligence agency when he died after being poisoned, a lawyer representing his widow told an official hearing - another lawyer said the UK has evidence the Russian government was behind Litvinenko's death
2013: 27 February 2013: After the UK government asked for 'sensitive' information about the death of Litvinenko to be kept secret, high court judge Robert Owen said he will hold an open and 'fearless' inquiry into the 2006 murder of Litvinenko - 17 May 2013: Litvinenko inquest coroner Owen reluctantly agreed to the foreign secretary's request to hide material which suggested Russia's state agencies were behind Litvinenko's cold war-style killing, also agreeing to exclude documents that examined whether UK officials could have done more to prevent the murder - 18 May: Alexander Litvinenko widow accuses William Hague and David Cameron of sabotaging the inquest into her husband's murder and hiding the Russian state's role in his death - 4 October 2013: Marina Litvinenko said she risked losing any source of income if she failed in her attempt to force a public inquiry into the 2006 killing of her husband – the only mechanism by which evidence of the Russian state's culpability can legally be considered
2016: 12 January 2016: Fresh evidence suggests Litvinenko could have been killed to prevent him from testifying about Vladimir Putin’s links with Russian organised crime, after Spanish prosecutor González, who investigated Russian mafia activity in Spain, said he had decided in November 2006 to question Litvinenko - 21 January 2016: UK's public inquiry, revealing essential evidence behind conclusion of Russian state involvement, says that Alexander Litvinenko was probably murdered in 2006 on the personal orders of Vladimir Putin, a murder that was a 'blatant and unacceptable' breach of international law, according to British home secretary Theresa May - 17 February: Britain's Ministry of defence says it scrambled fighter jets to intercept two Russian bombers heading toward UK airspace, following several similar incidents in past twelve months - 6 March 2016: Alexander Litvinenko was murdered in London in 2006 with polonium, but only on the third attempt, Luke Harding reveals in his book 'A Very Expensive Poison', also tracing the toxic trail the clueless assassins spread around the capital
11-16 March 2018: 11 March 2018: After the Salisbury poisonings, it’s time to tell Putin’s inner circle that they are no longer welcome in the UK, Oliver Bullough says, after Russian regime's embassy issued provocative tweet and Russian state TV warned 'traitors' not to settle in England - 13 March 2018: UK's Theresa May has given Ruassia's Putin administration until midnight on Tuesday to explain how Sergei Skripal and his daughter Yulia were poisoned by 'Novichok' nerve agent 'developed by Russia' in Salisbury, otherwise she will conclude it was an 'unlawful use of force' by the Russian state against the UK - 13 March 2018: 'Novichok' nerve agent attack 'clearly came from Russia', says USA's Tillerson, as Nato's Jens Stoltenberg says that 'the use of any nerve agent is horrendous and completely unacceptable' and France's Macron offers its full solidarity wanting to 'coordinate closely' on the UK’s agreed response
April 2018: 2/3 April 2018: Russian regime's insolently lying Sergei Lavrov suggests Britain could be behind Salisbury poisoning, as poisoned ex-Ukraine leader warns of Russia's 'medieval policy', recalling the painful effects he experienced ingesting Dioxin, a toxic chemical, added to rice - 3 April 2018: 'Porton Down' scientist Gary Aitkenhead said 'we were able to identify (the nerve agent used to poison Sergei and Yulia Skripal) as novichok, to identify it was a military-grade nerve agent ... we have provided the scientific information to the government, who have then used a number of other sources to piece together the conclusions that they have come to', also rejecting Russian claims that the substance could have come from Porton Down, saying 'there’s no way that anything like that would ever have come from us or leave the four walls of our facilities' - 4 April 2018: Russia must cooperate with chemical weapons watchdog, says EU, as chemical weapons watchdog meets to discuss poisoning of Sergei Skripal and his daughther with 'novichok' - 10 April 2018: Yulia Skripal, who was in critical condition after 'novichok' poisoning in Salisbury, taken to 'secure location' reportedly seeking political asylum in Britain, as father's condition is 'improving rapidly' - 11 April 2018: Yulia Skripal, who was poisoned with the nerve agent 'novichok' along with her father, has said she did not wish to take up the offer of services from the Russian embassy in London - 12 April 2018: GCHQ chief Jeremy Fleming condemns 'reckless' Russian attack in Salisbury - 12 April 2018: Theresa May has not ruled out committing the UK to join a coordinated military intervention in Syria without consulting MPs, after insisting that chemical weapons attacks on Douma 'cannot go unchallenged', as UK-Russia tensions rise over Syria's Douma chemical attack and Salisbury 'novichok' poisoning - 12 April 2018: 'Novichok' used in Salisbury poisoning, chemical weapons watchdog confirms, as OPCW says analysis of samples confirms UK findings about nerve agent used in Salisbury attack - 13 April 2018: Before Skripal attack, Russia has tested methods of delivering nerve agents, 'including by application to door handles', 'Russian intelligence service (had) interest in the Skripals, dating back at least as far as 2013, when email accounts belonging to Yulia Skripal were targeted', and 'only Russia has the technical means, operational experience and the motive' for murdering the Skripals, according to UK national security adviser Mark Sedwill and previously classified intelligence - 18 April 2018: OPCW rejects Russian claims of second Salisbury nerve agent - 19 April 2018: Russia spread fake news via Twitter bots after Salisbury poisoning, as propaganda from Russian-operated accounts grew by 4,000% in aftermath of attack, according to fresh Whitehall analysis - 20 April 2018: At a public meeting in Salisbury experts involved in the 'novichok' decontamination effort revealed there could still be hotspots yet to be discovered where the novichok agent remained in high concentrations - 28 April 2018: Novichok scientist Vladimir Uglev fears for his safety after claiming his lab developed nerve agent used in Salisbury attack, saying Putin regime’s denial of culpability over the attempted assassinations of Sergei and Yulia Skripal do not withstand scrutiny
May 2018 Russian Corruption in the UK: 21 May 2018: Russian Corruption in the UK
13/14 September 2018: 13 September 2018: The explanation by the two Russian suspects in the 'novichok' poisonings for their presence in Salisbury in March – a sightseeing holiday diverted by snow – is so implausible that it raises intriguing questions about why Russian Putin regime chose this alibi and what it says about the health of the state’s propaganda machine, as British officials say they know the men’s real names and PM’s official spokesman says that the interview and the Russian lies 'are deeply offensive to the victims and loved ones of this horrific attack' - 14 September 2018: Story of Russian novichok attack suspects draws scorn and anger in cathedral city, as the bishop of Salisbury Nicholas Holtham, asked if there was CCTV of their visit to the cathedral, said there was nothing to link them to the building, undermining their story
Russia/USA relations: Russia/USA relations - Russian American
Death of Sergei Magnitsky in custody 2009: Death of attorney Sergei Magnitsky in Polonium-Putin's custody 16 November 2009 - Magnitsky bill - 21 December 2012: Russian MPs back ban on USA adoptions of Russian orphans - 26/28 December: The upper chamber of Russia's parliament unanimously voted in favor of a measure banning Americans from adopting Russian children, this anti-US adoption bill two days later signed by Putin - 28 December: A Moscow court acquitts prison doctor Kratov charged with the death of lawyer Sergei Magnitsky who died in jail after his pancreatitis went untreated - an investigation by Russia's presidential council on human rights had concluded he was severely beaten and denied medical treatment - 13 January 2013: Thousands of Russians marched Sunday to condemn the Parliament’s move to ban the adoption of Russian children by American families, chanting 'Take your hands off children' - 11 July 2013: In 'one of the most shameful moments for Russia since the days of Joseph Stalin', tortured and severely beaten Sergei Magnitsky posthumously found guilty of fraud by a Moscow court after his violent death in custody
2013: 30 January 2013: Russian government has terminated a 10-year-old agreement with the USA on fighting terrorism, corruption, and cross-border crime - 11 May: Russia 'withheld details' on one of the suspects of last month's deadly Boston Marathon bombings, The Wall Street Journal reported - 18 May 2013: The US criticizes Russian government for its decision to send missiles to the Assad regime in Syria - 1 June 2013: US Secretary of State John Kerry has strongly condemned Russia's pledge to sell an advanced missile system to the Syrian Assad regime, questioning Russia's commitment to end the Syrian conflict, as concern grew for civilians trapped in the battle for Qusayr - 21 June: Putin claims no memory of stealing Super Bowl ring - 7 August 2013: Barack Obama cancels visit to Vladimir Putin in September, 'given our lack of progress on issues such as missile defense and arms control, trade and commercial relations, global security issues and human rights and civil society in the last 12 months' - 6 September: US ambassador to the UN Samantha Power challenges Russia for its obstruction in preventing the Security Council from taking a firmer hand in Syria’s Civil War, even after the chemical weapons attack on August 21st - 6 September: President Obama on Friday told Russian rights activists that he is proud of their work, saying Russia must remember to let civil society function freely - 18 September: Russia 'ignoring facts' over Syria attack, US says after UN report on the use of chemical weapons in the Ghouta Area of Damascus on 21 August 2013
January-June 2014: 14 janvier: Le journaliste américain David Satter a affirmé qu'il avait été expulsé de Russie après avoir travaillé sur les manifestations pro-européennes en cours en Ukraine depuis novembre - 24 February 2014: USA and European allies warn Putin regime against Ukraine grab amid break-up fears - 4 March: USA accuses Russia of an 'act of aggression' over its deployment on Ukraine's Crimean peninsula - 7 March: President Obama warns Putin to seek a diplomatic solution after Russia's violation of sovereignty of Ukraine - 10 March: USA will not recognise Crimea referendum, says ambassador Geoffrey Pyatt - 10 March: Details of western sanctions against Putin regime to be finalised in London, hoping to persuade the regime to withdraw its presence from Crimea - 17 March: US rejects Crimea vote, says Russian actions dangerous - 17 March 2014: Putin regime's TV says Russia could turn USA to 'radioactive ash' - 21 March 2014: Barack Obama announces sanctions over Crimea annexation against 20 Russian lawmakers, senior government officials and closest Putin allies, including Timchenko - 22 March: As shares on the Moscow stock exchange fell sharply and investors took fright at decisions to impose sanctions, Putin signed law completing Russia's annexation of Crimea - 29 March: Russia reportedly retaliated against western sanctions over its annexation of Crimea, as Putin called Barack Obama to discuss proposal for Ukraine and Obama told him that he must pull back troops - 2 April 2014: The USA House of Representatives voted 378-34 for a package of aid and sanctions in response to Russia's annexation of Crimea - 3 April: NASA suspends Russia ties, except on space station, due to Putin's annexation of Crimea - 8 April: USA urges Putin to stop destabilizing Ukraine warning it had evidence that clashes in eastern Ukraine involving pro-Kremlin forces were incited by outsiders - 14/15 April: Russian fighter jet made repeated passes close to USS Donald Cook in Black Sea - 23 April: USA's Vice magazine confirms that pro-Russian separatists in eastern Ukraine are holding its journalist Simon Ostrovsky detained by their gunmen - 21 June: In response to Russia's recent increase in support to Ukrainian separatists, including the provision of tanks, USA and EU threaten Russian regime with more sanction - 6 May: Increasing air activity as a show of force Russian planes spotted near California, Guam, USA's Carlisle says
March 2019 Russia suspends obligations under key nuclear pact: 4 March 2019: Russian regime's Putin suspends Russian obligations under key nuclear pact
Russian/Vatican relations: Russian/Vatican relations
Russia/Venezuela relations: Russia/Venezuela relations
Ecoregions in Russia: List of ecoregions in Russia
Russian climate change emissions fifth worldwide: Climate change emissions of Russia, fifth worldwide
Deforestation and logging in Russia: Deforestation and logging in Russia - Forests of Russia
Air pollution in Russia: Air pollution in Russia
Natural disasters and climate in Russia: Natural disasters in Russia - Climate of Russia
Wildfires in Russia: Wildfires in Russia
2010 Russian wildfires: 2010 Russian wildfires
2015 Russian wildfires: 2015 Russian wildfires
2018 Russian wildfires: 2018 Russian wildfires
Weather events, storms, typhoons and tornadoes in Russia: Weather events and storms in Russia - Typhoons in Russia - Tornadoes in Russia
November 2014 Bering Sea cyclone: November 2014 Bering Sea cyclone
Floods in Russia: Floods in Russia
October 2008 Chechnya earthquake: October 2008 Chechnya earthquake


Serbia - Geography of Serbia - History of Serbia - Demographics of Serbia - Demographic history of Serbia
Agriculture in Serbia: Agriculture in Serbia
Banking in Serbia: Banking in Serbia
Taxation in Serbia: Taxation in Serbia
Elections and politics in Serbia: Elections in Serbia
May 2012 Serbian parliamentary election: Serbian parliamentary election 6 May 2012
May 2012 Serbian presidential and local elections: Serbian presidential election 6 May 2012 - Serbian local elections 6 May 2012 - 6 May 2012: Serbians will vote on Sunday in presidential, parliamentary and local elections - 7 mai: Boris Tadic et le nationaliste Nikolic au second tour - 9 May: The Socialists agree to revive their coalition with the Democrats saying they will back Tadic in the presidential run-off - 20 May: Incumbent President Tadic has conceded defeat in the presidential run-off against rightist opposition leader Nikolic - 10. Juli: Einigung von SPS, SNS und URS auf Koalitionsabkommen, Regierungschef soll am 23. Juli der sozialistische Parteichef Ivica Dacic werden - 27 July: Milosevic’s former spokesman Ivica Dacic became Serbia’s new Prime Minister promising to promote reconciliation in the Balkans - NZZ 3. August: Funktionär aus Milosevic-Ära wird Geheimdienstchef
Protests and social movements in Serbia: Protests in Serbia
October 2000 overthrow of Slobodan Miloševic: October 2000 protests and the overthrow of Slobodan Miloševic
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Serbia: Serbian society - Human rights in Serbia
Districts, municipalities and cities of Serbia: 29 districts of Serbia - Municipalities and cities of Serbia
Cities in Serbia: List of cities in Serbia
Arabs in Serbia: Arabs in Serbia
Bosniaks of Serbia: Bosniaks of Serbia
Hungarians in Serbia: Hungarians in Serbia
Romani people in Serbia: Romani people in Serbia
2014/2015 International and European refugee and migrant crisis: 2014/2015 International and European refugee and migrant crisis
Health in Serbia: Health in Serbia
Healthcare in Serbia: Healthcare in Serbia
Newspapers in Serbia: Newspapers in Serbia
Internet and telecommunications in Serbia: Internet in Serbia - Telecommunications in Serbia - Serbian Wikipedia
Crime in Serbia: Crime in Serbia
War crimes in Serbia: War crimes in Serbia
Axis occupation of Vojvodina: Axis occupation of Vojvodina
Serbian war crimes in the Yugoslav Wars: Serbian war crimes in the Yugoslav Wars
1998/1999 Kosovo Albanian and Serbian war crimes in the Kosovo War: 1998/1999 Kosovo Albanian and Serbian war crimes in the Kosovo War
Corruption in Serbia: Corruption in Serbia
2014 political corruption in Serbia: 2014 overview of political corruption in Serbia
2015 stagnation in fight against corruption in Serbia: Stagnation in fight against corruption in 2015, according to Transparency Serbia
Organised crime in Serbia and Serbian mafia: Organised crime in Serbia - Serbian mafia
Terrorism in Serbia: Terrorism in Serbia
Law enforcement in Serbia: Law enforcement in Serbia
Foreign relations of Serbia: Foreign relations of Serbia
Treaties of Serbia: Treaties of Serbia
Immigrants to Serbia: Immigrants to Serbia
Serbia in intergovernmental organizations: Serbia in intergovernmental organizations
Bilateral relations of Serbia: Bilateral relations of Serbia
Serbia/Bosnia and Herzegovina relations: Serbia/Bosnia and Herzegovina relations
Serbia/Croatia relations: Serbia/Croatia relations
1914-1945 Croatia and Serbia in World War I and World War II: 1914-1945 Croatia and Serbia in World War I and World War II
1991-1995 Croatian War of Independence: 1991-1995 Croatian War of Independence
Serbia/Italy relations: Serbia/Italy relations
Serbia/Syria relations: Serbia/Syria relations
2014/2015 International and European refugee and migrant crisis: 2014/2015 International and European refugee and migrant crisis
Forests of Serbia: Forests of Serbia
Water in Serbia: Water in Serbia
Natural disasters in Serbia: Natural disasters in Serbia
Earthquakes in Serbia: Earthquakes in Serbia
November 2010 Serbia earthquake: 3 November 2010 Serbia earthquake
Floods in Serbia: Floods in Serbia
February-_April 2006 European floods: February-_April 2006 European floods
May-June 2013 European floods: May-June 2013 European floods


Slovakia - Geography of Slovakia - History of Slovakia - Demographics of Slovakia
Mines in Slovakia: Mines in Slovakia
Forests of Slovakia: Forests of Slovakia
Water in Slovakia: Water in Slovakia
2015: Slovak same-sex marriage referendum February 2015 - 8 February 2015: Slovak conservatives receiving the support of Pope Francis fail to cement same sex marriages ban in referendum with a turnout of just 21.07%
Social movements and protests in Slovakia:
March 2018 protests following the murder of journalist Ján Kuciak: 2 mars 2018: Des milliers de personnes ont manifesté à Bratislava et dans d'autres villes de Slovaquie en mémoire du journaliste d'investigation Jan Kuciak assassiné, qui était spécialisé dans les enquêtes sur des fraudes fiscales et des détournements de subventions - 9 March 2018: In protests called the biggest since the 1989 Velvet revolution, tens of thousands of Slovaks have rallied to demand the resignation of PM Robert Fico’s government following the murder of journalist Ján Kuciak that has shocked the central European nation and stoked anger over sleaze in public life, also calling for foreign experts to join the team investigating the killings - 16 March 2018: Tens of thousands of protesters took to the streets across Slovakia on Friday to call for snap elections following crisis over journalist’s death, saying the premier’s resignation was not enough to address what they see as a corrupt government
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Slovakia: Slovak society - Human rights in Slovakia
Since 2014 International and European refugee and migrant crisis: Since 2014 International and European refugee and migrant crisis
Education in Slovakia: Education in Slovakia
Schools in Slovakia: Schools in Slovakia
Universities and colleges in Slovakia: Universities and colleges in Slovakia
Health in Slovakia: Health in Slovakia
Telecommunications in Slovakia: Telecommunications in Slovakia
Internet in Slovakia: Internet in Slovakia
Crime in Slovakia: Crime in Slovakia
Racism and antisemitism in Slovakia: Racism in Slovakia - Antisemitism in Slovakia
Slovak mafia: Slovak mafia
Human trafficking in Slovakia: Human trafficking in Slovakia
Constitutional Court of Slovakia: Constitutional Court of Slovakia
Law enforcement in Slovakia: Law enforcement in Slovakia
Foreign relations of Slovakia: Foreign relations of Slovakia
Treaties of Slovakia: Treaties of Slovakia
Membership in international organisations: Slovakia's membership in international organisations
Bilateral relations of SlovakiaBilateral relations of Slovakia: Bilateral relations of Slovakia
Slovakia/Czech Republic relations: Slovakia/Czech Republic relations
Slovakia/Germany relations: Slovakia/Germany relations
1939-1945 Resistance in German-occupied Czechoslovakia: Resistance in German-occupied Czechoslovakia
History of the Jews in Slovakia, the Slovak Republic 1939-1945 and the Holocaust: History of the Jews in Slovakia - The Slovak Republic and the Holocaust
1944-1946 anti-Jewish violence in Slovakia and Eastern Europe: Anti-Jewish violence in Slovakia and Eastern Europe 1944–46
August-October 1944 Slovak National Uprising: August-October 1944 Slovak National Uprising
Slovakia/Hungary relations: Slovakia/Hungary relations
Hungarians in Slovakia: Hungarians in Slovakia
Slovaks in Hungary: Slovaks in Hungary
February 1947 Paris Peace Treaties: February 1947 Paris Peace Treaties
2009 ban of Hungarian President from Slovakia: 2009 ban of Hungarian President from Slovakia
Slovakia/Italy relations: Slovakia/Italy relations
Slovakia/Russia relations: Slovakia/Russia relations
Forests of Slovakia: Forests of Slovakia
Water in Slovakia: Water in Slovakia
Environmentalism in Slovakia: Environmentalism in Slovakia
Natural disasters in Slovakia: Natural disasters in Slovakia
2013 European floods: 2013 European floods


Spain - Espagne - Geography of Spain - History of Spain - 'Reconquista' period 718-1492 on the Iberian peninsula, coming before the discovery of the Americas and the period of colonial empires - Spanish colonization of the Americas since 1492 - Spanish American wars of independence 1808-1833 - Second Spanish Republic 1931-1939 - Demographics of Spain
Automotive industry in Spain: Automotive industry in Spain
Construction and civil engineering companies of Spain: Construction and civil engineering companies of Spain
Chemical and pharmaceutical industry in Spain: Chemical companies of Spain - Pharmaceutical companies of Spain
Forestry in Spain: Forestry in Spain
Drought in Spain: Drought in Spain
Transport in Spain: Transport in Spain
January-June 2012: 27 January 2012: Spain's unemployment figure passes five million (5,3 million) in the last quarter of 2011, the rate rose to 22,8% - 13. März 2012: In 2012 erwartet Spanien einen Rückgang seiner Wirtschaftsleistung um 1,7%, hat mit 22,9% bereits die höchste Arbeitslosenquote in der EU und bekommt sein Defizit von ca. 6% nicht unter Kontrolle - 3 April: Spain's jobless rate at 23.6% in February - 23. April 2012: Spanien zu Jahresbeginn 2012 in Rezession - 27 April: Spanish unemployment hits record 5.64 million at the end of March 2012 - 9 May: Spanish lender Bankia to be partly nationalised - 25 May: Spain's Bankia seeks 19bn-euro bailout from government - 1. Juni: Zunehmende Kapitalflucht aus Spanien - 10 June: Spain asks for eurozone help - 11. Juni: EU: Troika soll Spanien überwachen - 25 juin: L'Espagne officiellement demande l'aide européenne pour sauver ses banques
Cooperatives in Spain: Cooperatives in Spain
Poverty in Spain:
Wealth in Spain: Wealth in Spain
Spanish billionaires: Spanish billionaires
Politics of Spain: Politics of Spain - Since 1812 Constitutions of Spain - March 1812 Spanish Constitution drafted and adopted by the Cádiz Cortes, Spain's first national sovereign assembly, establishing the principles of universal male suffrage, national sovereignty, constitutional monarchy and freedom of the press, supporting land reform and free enterprise, one of the most liberal constitutions of its time - Federal Constitution of the First Republic of Spain 1873–1874 - December 1931 Constitution of Spain, approved by the Constituent Assembly in 1931, was the constitution of the Second Spanish Republic founded 14 April 1931 and in force until 1 April 1939, in the second period of Spanish history in which both head of state and head of government were democratically elected - The Spanish Constitution of 1978, is the current supreme law of the Kingdom of Spain enacted after the country's 1978 constitutional referendum in the period of the Spanish transition to democracy
Political parties in Spain: List of political parties in Spain
Elections, referendums and politics in Spain: Elections in Spain - Referendums in Spain
November 2011 Spanish general election: Spanish general election 20 November 2011
September 2017: 21 September 2017: A day after Spanish Guardia Civil officers raided regional government buildings and arrested 14 senior officials, regional president of Catalonia Carles Puigdemont has accused the Spanish government of acting 'beyond the limits of a respectable democracy' and violating fundamental rights as it strives to prevent independence referendum - 27 September 2017: The Catalan regional government has accused the Spanish authorities of behaving like Turkey, China and North Korea by blocking websites designed to help people vote in Sunday’s independence referendum - 28 September 2017: UN human rights experts have weighed in on the escalating row over Catalonia’s independence referendum, warning the Spanish authorities that their 'worrying' efforts to halt Sunday’s poll appear to violate fundamental rights and risk stifling debate 'at a critical moment for Spain’s democracy'
October 2017 Catalan independence referendum: 1 October 2017 Catalan independence referendum - 1 October 2017: 38 injured as riot police attack protests, while Catalans cast independence votes in peaceful defiance of Spanish government - 2 October 2017: Preliminary results of Catalan referendum show 90% in favour of independence, after raids on ballot stations by riot police left hundreds of Catalans injured - 4 October 2017: Catalonia’s president Puigdemont has accused King Felipe of Spain of acting as a mouthpiece for the Rajoy government after Catalonia’s independence referendum was marred by police violence and as the country wrestles with the crisis - 6 October 2017: After hundreds of people were injured by Spanish police attempting to stop independence referendum by raiding polling stations, beating voters and firing rubber bullets at crowds, Spanish government has apologised for police violence strangely insisting that the region’s political leaders are to blame - 10 October 2017: Catalan president Puigdemont says he has mandate to declare independence but proposes waiting 'a few weeks' to encourage dialogue - 11 October 2017: Rajoy threatens Catalonia with direct rule after Catalan offer of talks - 12 October 2017: Catalan president Puigdemont accuses Rajoy of ignoring call for talks, as vice-president Junqueras says that 'a sincere dialogue is what the international community wants and what Catalonia expects, not confrontation and new threats', and as Human Rights Watch documents that police used excessive force in Catalonia during referendum, calling for an independent report into the violence - 13 October 2017: As the central government in Madrid appears to be hostage to some of the most reactionary forces in Spanish society, Spain’s need for a new constitution is greater than Catalonia’s need for independence, historian John Payne says - 16 October 2017: Catalan president Carles Puigdemont repeats his calls for negotiations with the Madrid government to resolve the country’s ongoing political crisis - 17 October 2017: Rajoy government has signalled a hardening line over Catalonia by jailing the leaders of two of the largest separatist organisations in a move seen as taking Rajoy closer to imposing central rule over Catalonia - 22 October 2017: Catalan president Puigdemont said in a televized speech that the decision by PM Rajoy to fire the regional government and force a new election is 'the worst attack against the institutions and the people of Catalonia since the military dictatorship of Francisco Franco' - 28 October 2017: Rajoy government takes direct control of Catalonia, firing the region’s defiant separatist government a day after Catalan lawmakers passed a declaration of independence for the prosperous northeastern region, and calls fresh elections - 28 October 2017: Calling for 'democratic opposition' to the takeover Catalonia's Puigdemont vows 'peaceful resistance' - 31 October 2017: Catalan leaders facing rebellion charges flee to Belgium - 2 novembre 2017: Certains membres du gouvernement catalan destitué ont comparu à Madrid dans une enquête pour sédition et rébellion
May 2019 Spanish regional and local elections: 26 May 2019 Spanish regional elections - 26 May 2019 Spanish local elections
May 2019 European Parliament election in Spain: 26 May 2019 European Parliament election in Spain
Social movements and protests in Spain: Protests in Spain
February-June 2012: 19 février 2012: Des centaines de milliers d'Espagnols sont descendus dans les rues pour protester contre la réforme du travail - 11 März: Hunderttausende demonstrieren in 60 spanischen Städten gegen die Arbeitsmarktreformen und Sparmassnahmen der Regierung, Gedenken an Bombenanschläge 2004 - 29. März: Generalstreik in Spanien - Protest gegen Arbeitsmarktreform - 30 March: Spanish workers angry at the labour 'reform' staged general strike on Thursday, bringing factories and ports to a standstill - protests across the country - 29. April 2012: Zehntausende Spanier demonstrieren gegen das neue Sparpaket, das insbesondere im Gesundheits- und Bildungsbereich Kürzungen vorsieht - 12 May: Spain's 'indignants' to take over streets - 13 May: Thousands march against economic gloom in Spain - 22 May: Spanish school and university protest at education cuts - 15 June: Striking Spanish miners clash with police in Asturias - Asturian miners' strike June 2012 - 28 June: Spanish pensioners are joining in a wave of social protests in Spain
July-December 2012: 11 juillet 2012: Arrivés à Madrid, les mineurs grévistes manifestent pour défendre leurs emplois - 11 July: Spain's government announces budget cuts, sales tax rising from 18% to 21% etc. amid protests of thousands - 16 juillet: Des milliers de fonctionnaires manifestent, spontanément, à Madrid contre le plan de rigueur du gouvernement - 20 juillet: Des centaines de milliers contre le plan de rigueur, manifestants dispersés violemment à Madrid - 22. Juli: Tausende arbeitslose Demonstranten gegen die unsoziale Regierungspolitik nach Sternmarsch in Madrid - 11 September: More than a million people gather in Barcelona, accusing Madrid government of dragging them into economic trouble - 15 September: Tens of thousands of people have rallied in Spain and Portugal to protest against fresh austerity measures - 22. September: Tausende protestieren in Madrid gegen Sparmassnahmen und fordern Entmachtung der Banker - 25 September: Spanish riot police fires rubber bullets at protesters injuring several people as thousands rally against austerity - 30 septembre: Une nouvelle manifestation anti-austérité dégénère à Madrid - 7 octobre: Quelques milliers de manifestants à Madrid contre l'austérité - 13 October: Thousands protest in Spain, Portugal against austerity cuts - 27 October: Several thousand people have marched to Spain's parliament in an anti-austerity protest, but were held back from surrounding the building - 10 November: Spain anti-bank protest decries second evictee suicide - 19 décembre: Des milliers de manifestants devant l'Assemblée régionale de Madrid pour protester contre les coupes dans le budget de la santé publique
January-June 2013: 14 January: Thousands demonstrated in Madrid against plans to privatise parts of their public health care system - 27 January 2013: Anger mounts over corruption in recession-hit Spain - 12 February: As Spain debates reform fresh anti-eviction protests after evictees committed suicide - 16 février: Manifestations dans toute l'Espagne pour mettre fin aux expulsions - 24 February: Tens of thousands marched through cities across Spain to protest economic policy, the privatisation of public services and political corruption - 10 March: Thousands march in cities across Spain protesting government austerity policies, unemployment - 14 mars: Des milliers d'étudiants espagnols ont manifesté jeudi à Madrid contre les coupes budgétaires qui frappent les écoles et les universités - 15 April: Thousands of protesters took to the streets of Madrid on Sunday to demand the abdication of Spain's scandal-hit monarchy - 18 avril: Pendant les députés adoptent une loi controversée contre les expulsions plusieurs dizaines de militants anti-expulsions ont manifesté leur colère près du Congrès des députés - 21 April: Thousands of doctors, nurses and other healthcare workers marched in Madrid to protest against government spending cuts and plans to partly privatise medical services - 25 avril: La police espagnole a dispersé jeudi à coups de matraque des manifestants rassemblés près du Congrès des députés à Madrid, ripostant à des jets de projectiles - 12 mai: Deux ans après, les Indignés sont de retour à la Puerta del Sol - 1 June: Thousands protest Europe crisis in Madrid on Saturday in a string of demonstrations across Europe
July-December 2013: 15 July: Protesters, outraged by the corruption allegations at a time of recession and record unemployment, rallied outside the Popular Party's Madrid headquarters - 19 août: Manifestation des pêcheurs espagnols contre la construction du récif de Gibraltar par les autorités britanniques - 12 septembre: Les partisans de l'indépendance de la Catalogne ont formé une chaîne humaine d'environ 400 km le long de la côte méditerranéenne pour réclamer un référendum sur l'autodétermination de la région autonome - 22 septembre: Manifestation à Madrid pour défendre la santé publique - 17 October: Scientists held a minute of silence at universities across Spain to protest against drastic cuts to the country's science budget - 17 October: Respite for families in Spain mass eviction protest - 27 octobre: Des victimes de l'ETA manifestent pour réclamer justice après l'arrêt des juges du CEDH qui pourrait entraîner la libération de dizaines de militants de l'ETA - 14 November: Madrid street sweepers and public parks gardeners strike against plans to cut their salaries by up to 40 percent and slash 1,135 jobs hampers Spanish capital's image and tourism - 24 novembre: Manifestations contre l'austérité en Catalogne et Andalousie - 1. Dezember: Im Nordwesten Spaniens haben tausende Menschen gegen das Urteil zum Untergang des Öltankers 'Prestige' protestiert - 5 décembre: Les victimes de la police franquiste réclament 'justice et vérité' à Madrid
2014: 12 January: Huge silent march in Bilbao after ban on Eta prisoner rally, victims of Eta violence said the march made a mockery of their suffering - 22 March: Tens of thousands 'marching for dignity' in Madrid against Rajoy's tax increases and budget cuts - 4 April: Tens of thousands took to the streets in cities across the country to demonstrate against the government’s austerity measures - 2 June 2014: Tens of thousands in more than 60 Spanish towns and cities took to the streets to demand a referendum on the future of the monarchy after Juan Carlos' abdication - 6 June: Spanish protesters across Spain and Europe call for a referendum on the monarchy and for a republic - 29 November 2014: Thousands stage anti-government protest in Madrid against austerity, unemployment and corruption - 20 December: Thousands of people protest in Spanish cities such as Barcelona, Bilbao and Madrid against a new law that sets hefty fines for offences such as burning the national flag and demonstrating outside parliament buildings or strategic installations
2015: 31 January 2015: Tens of thousands join Podemos anti-austerity rally in Madrid demanding change in Spain - 22 March: Thousands of people took part in a 'march for dignity' in Madrid to protest against austerity measures on the eve of a closely-watched regional election in Andalusia - 11 August 2015: About 200 people took to the square in Salou in protest against 50-year-old Senegalese Mor's death, who jumped from a balcony on the third floor in an attempt to escape police who raided his house on Tuesday morning - 11 September: Nearly 1.5 million Catalans took to the streets of Barcelona to rally for independence, as the region’s politicians launched their campaigns for a looming election - 5 November 2015: More than 430,000 people have signed a petition opposing government's plans to create optional bullfighting course for students aged 15 to 17
2017: 18 February 2017: Tens of thousands of demonstrators march in Barcelona following mayor’s call to challenge the Spanish government over its failure to accept country’s quota of migrants agreed in 2015 - 27 August 2017: Hundreds of thousands march in Barcelona to show unity after terrorist attacks - 11 September 2017: Up to a million Catalans have gathered in Barcelona to call for independence less than three weeks ahead of referendum on 1 October - 20/21 September 2017: Protests in Barcelona after Spanish police raid Catalan government buildings, as tens of thousands rallied to protest searches and arrests - 21 September 2017: Podemos as well as regional parties backed a demonstration in Madrid to protest the raids in Barcelona against organizers of the independence referendum, saying 'Detencions NO', 'Democrácia SI'
October 2017: 3 October 2017: Catalonia holds general strike in protest over referendum violence - 3/4 October 2017: An estimated 700,000 people rally in Barcelona outside the headquarters of Spain’s national police force amid strikes in protest at police violence during the Catalonian independence referendum - 8 October 2017: Mired by fascist salutes from Falange party members in Madrid, while shouting slogans such as 'Puigdemont to Prison' or 'Long live the National Police and Civil Guard', that injured 900 people in Barcelona, and organized by an anti-independence group under the slogan 'Let’s recover our senses', tens of thousands also took to Barcelona streets for anti-independence rally - 17 October 2017: Hundreds of thousands of people have taken to the streets of Catalonia to protest against a Madrid judge’s decision to detain pro-independence leaders Jordi Sánchez and Jordi Cuixart, as tensions between the Madrid and Barcelona governments continue to rise - 22 October 2017: 450,000 protesters rally in Barcelona after Rajoy government moves to impose direct rule over Catalonia and arrest region’s president
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Spain: Spanish society - Human rights in Spain
Catalonia and Catalan history: Catalonia - History of Catalonia - Catalan constitutions, the first constitutions were promulgated by the Corts of 1283, the last ones were promulgated by the Corts of 1705 - Catalan Republic, proclaimed 1641, 1873, 1931 and 1934 - 1934 Proclamation of the Catalan Republic within the Spanish state by the President of the Generalitat Lluís Companys - 1939–1975 Catalonia under Franco's dictatorship - 1939/1940 Lluís Companys exiled, detained and extradited by Nazi German secret police Gestapo to their fascist Spanish allies, tortured and beaten, sentenced to death and executed at Montjuïc Castle in Barcelona on 15 October 1940 - 1979 Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia, a constitutional law defining the region of Catalonia as an autonomous community within the Kingdom of Spain and one of seventeen such statutes granted, in various forms and capabilities, to the different autonomous communities of Spain since 1970s transition to democracy of the, on 18 June 2006 a referendum altering the statute to expand the authority of the Catalan government was approved
Culture and languages of Catalonia: Catalan culture - Languages of Catalonia - Catalan language
Municipalities of Catalonia: 948 Municipalities of Catalonia as of 2015
Girona and province of Girona: Province of Girona - Girona
Tarragona and province of Tarragona: Province of Tarragona - Tarragona
1980 first Catalan regional election since 1930s: 20 March 1980 Catalan regional election
June 2006 Catalan constitutional referendum: 18 June 2006 Catalan constitutional referendum
October 2017 Catalan independence referendum: 1 October 2017 Catalan independence referendum - 2 October 2017: The Catalan regional government is holding an emergency meeting to discuss the next steps towards declaring independence from Spain a day after millions of Catalans voted in a tumultuous poll that left more than 800 people injured - 6 October 2017: The Catalan government will defy the Spanish constitutional court by pressing ahead with a parliamentary debate to discuss Sunday’s referendum result - 9 octobre 2017: Maire de Barcelone Ada Colau s'est prononcée contre une déclaration d'indépendance - 10 October 2017: A group of members of the Catalan Parliament have taken Monday's plenary suspension imposed by the Spanish Constitutional Court to the European Court of Human Rights - 10 October 2017: Catalan government suspends declaration of independence, after Tusk appealed to Puigdemont to step back from a unilateral declaration of independence and begin dialogue with the Spanish PM Rajoy - 23 October 2017: Catalan MPs to discuss response to Rajoy government's move towards direct rule - 30 October 2017: Rajoy government’s resolve faces crucial test as Catalan independence group calls for widespread campaign of civil disobedience
October 2012 Galician parliamentary election: Galician parliamentary election 21 October 2012
Demographics and ethnic groups in Spain: Demographics of Spain - Ethnic groups in Spain
1492-1968 Alhambra Decree against Jews and Spanish Inquisition: Alhambra Decree 1492-1968 - Spanish Inquisition 1478-1834 - Converso
Islam in Spain and 'Reconquista' 722-1492: Islam in Spain - Reconquista 722-1492
Immigration to Spain: Immigration to Spain
Culture and languages of Spain: Culture of Spain - Languages of Spain
Women in Spain: Women in Spain
Children in Spain:
Schools in Spain: Schools in Spain
Health in Spain: Health in Spain
Health disasters in Spain: Health disasters in Spain
Water supply and sanitation in Spain: Water supply and sanitation in Spain
Lists of Spanish media by autonomous community, province and city: Media in Spain by city - Spanish media by autonomous community - Catalan media - Agència Catalana de Notícies
Newspapers in Spain: Newspapers in Spain
Telecommunications in Spain: Telecommunications in Spain
Internet in Spain: Internet in Spain
Human rights in Spain: Human rights in Spain
1492-1968 Alhambra Decree against Jews and Spanish Inquisition: Alhambra Decree 1492-1968 - Spanish Inquisition 1478-1834 - Converso - Auto-da-fé
Contemporary Spanish monarchy: Contemporary Spanish monarchy
Royal household of Spain: Royal household of Spain
Racism and antisemitism in Spain: Racism in Spain - Antisemitism in Spain
1492-1968 Alhambra Decree against Jews and Spanish Inquisition: Alhambra Decree 1492-1968 - Spanish Inquisition 1478-1834
Slavery in Spain and in the Spanish New World colonies: Slavery in Spain - Slavery in the Spanish New World colonies
Crime in Spain: Crime in Spain
War crimes of the Spanish Civil War 1936-1939 and aftermath: War crimes of the Spanish Civil War
March 1937 Bombing of Durango: 31 March 1937 Bombing of Durango
1 April 1937 Bombing of Jaén: 1 April 1937 Bombing of Jaén
26 April 1937 Bombing of Guernica: 26 April 1937 Bombing of Guernica
May 1937 Bombardment of Almería: May 1937 Bombardment of Almería
May 1938 Bombing of Alicante: May 1938 Bombing of Alicante
January 1939 Bombing of La Garriga: 28/29 January 1939 Bombing of La Garriga
In 2012 Spain's Supreme Court barred Garzón, who also investigated Francoist crimes against humanity, from the legal profession for 11 years: 17. Januar 2012: Richter Garzón, der u.a. Franco-Verbrechen und einen Korruptionsskandal der Partido Popular untersuchen ließ, droht durch die spanische 'Justiz' Berufsverbot - 29 January 2012: Thousands have joined a demonstration in Madrid in support of human rights judge Baltasar Garzón - 1. Februar 2012: Erstmals sagen Opfer der Franco-Diktatur vor Gericht aus - 9. Februar 2012: Ein zu konsequenter Demokrat für ein überschätztes Spanien in der Krise - Berufsverbot gegen Richter Garzón verhängt mittels eines Schandurteils des Obersten Madrider Gerichts zugunsten der konservativen Volkspartei und der Franco-Anhänger - 9 February 2012: Spanish judge Baltasar Garzon vows to fight conviction - 20. Februar 2012: Amtsenthebung Garzóns endgültig - 27 February 2012: Spanish human rights investigator Baltasar Garzón escaped a second conviction for abuse of his powers when the supreme court declared him not guilty in a case involving his investigation of crimes committed under the Franco dictatorship, but the decision came too late to save Garzón's career as an investigating magistrate as the the supreme court had already disbarred him in a separate case for wiretapping conversations between defence lawyers and their clients in a corruption investigation involving PM Mariano Rajoy's People's party
Terrorism in Spain: Terrorism in Spain
Neo-Nazi terrorism in Spain:
2013-2016 Memoria de Yolanda González: 2013-2016 Memoria de Yolanda González
List of ETA attacks since 1961: List of ETA attacks since 1961 - ETA
2006 Madrid-Barajas Airport bombing: 2006 Madrid-Barajas Airport bombing
Islamist terrorism in Spain: Islamist terrorism in Spain
Corruption in Spain: Corruption in Spain
2013 Political corruption in Spain and Rajoy's Popular Party PP: 1 February 2013: The newspaper El País reports that PM Rajoy and other conservative politicians had received regular payments from a previously undisclosed account run by treasurers of his Popular Party - 3 April 2013: A Spanish judge charged King Juan Carlos's daughter in a corruption probe into alleged misuse of public funds by her husband Inaki Urdangarin - 9 July 2013: Spanish newspaper El Mundo has published documents, admitted by Barcenas for the first time, showing PM Mariano Rajoy and other top politicians received illicit payments - 15 juillet 2013: L'opposition exige la démission de Mariano Rajoy après la publication de messages échangés entre le Premier ministre et l’ex-trésorier du Parti populaire - 24 juillet 2013: Le président andalou démissionne, sur fond de corruption - 1 August 2013: Rajoy admits he trusted 'delinquent’ party official
White-collar crime in Spain:
Gangs in Spain: Gangs in Spain
Violence against women in Spain: Violence against women in Spain
2015 list of incidents of violence against women in Spain: List of incidents of violence against women in Spain
Law and legal history of Spain: Law of Spain - Legal history of Spain - Since 1812 Constitutions of Spain - March 1812 Spanish Constitution drafted and adopted by the Cádiz Cortes, Spain's first national sovereign assembly, in refuge in Cádiz during the Peninsular War, establishing the principles of universal male suffrage, national sovereignty, constitutional monarchy, freedom of the press, and supporting land reform and free enterprise - December 1931 Constitution of Spain, approved by the Constituent Assembly, was the constitution of the Second Spanish Republic founded 14 April 1931 and in force until 1 April 1939, in the second period of Spanish history in which both head of state and head of government were democratically elected - Spanish Constitution of 1978, enacted after the country's 1978 constitutional referendum in the period of the Spanish transition to democracy
Courts in Spain: Courts in Spain
14 June 2019 Catalan blocked from joining EU parliament: 14 June 2019: Spanish court blocks jailed Catalan leader from joining EU parliament
Foreign relations: Foreign relations of Spain
1492–1975 Spanish Empire: Spanish Empire 15th century to the 1970s
1415-2002 Portuguese Empire: Portuguese Empire 1415-2002
Spain/Africa relations:
Since 1986 Spain in the EU: Since 1986 Spain in the European Union
Bilateral relations of Spain: Bilateral relations of Spain
Spain/Bangladesh relations: Spain/Bangladesh relations - Inditex S.A.
Spain/Brazil relations: Spain/Brazil relations
Spain/Germany relations: Spain/Germany relations
1936-1939: 1936-1939 German involvement in the Spanish Civil War following the military coup of July 1936 against the Spanish democracy, with German dictator Hitler immediately sending in powerful air and armored units to assist General Franco and fascist Spain
Spain/Israel relations: Spain/Israel relations
Spain/Latin America relations: Spain/Latin America relations
1519-1521 Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire: 1519-1521 Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire
1532-1572 Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire: 1532-1572 Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire
Spain/Mexico relations: Spain/Mexico relations
Spain/Morocco relations: Spain/Morocco relations
Since 1859 Spanish colonial wars in Morocco: Spanish colonial wars in Morocco since 1859
1913–1956 Spanish 'Protectorate' in Morocco: Spanish 'Protectorate' in Morocco 1913–1956
1497 Conquest of Melilla: 1497 Conquest of Melilla
1909-1910 Second Melillan campaign: 1909-1910 Second Melillan campaign
Spain/Netherlands relations: Spain/Netherlands relations
1549-1581 Seventeen Provinces of the Habsburg Netherlands: 1549-1581 Seventeen Provinces of the Habsburg Netherlands in the 15th and 16th century
Spain/Switzerland relations: Spain/Switzerland relations
April 2018: 5 April 2018: Italian and French national Hervé Falciani, the whistleblower who exposed wrongdoing at HSBC’s Swiss private bank freely sharing a list of 130,000 names of organisations and individuals who were using the Swiss banking system to launder money and evade taxes freely with authorities in the EU, India and Argentine, is facing extradition from Spain to Switzerland after his arrest in Madrid widely seen as a favour to the Swiss in the hope that Switzerland will extradite two Catalan and republican fugitives, after Spanish tax authorities recovered some €300m in unpaid tax from some of the 637 Spaniards who appeared on Falciani’s list and despite Spain’s national court rejected a Swiss extradition request in 2013 on the grounds that the charge of violating bank secrecy was not an offence in Spain if the secrecy was used as a cover for serious offences
Spain/Syria relations: Spain/Syria relations
Spain/Turkey relations: Spain/Turkey relations
Spain/Holy See–Vatican relations: Spain/Holy See–Vatican relations
Environmental organisations based in Spain: Environmental organisations based in Spain
Natural disasters in Spain: Natural disasters in Spain
Earthquakes in Spain: Earthquakes in Spain
Heatwaves and wildfires in Spain: Weather events in Spain
2003 European heat wave in Spain: 2003 European heat wave in Spain
Floods in Spain: Floods in Spain


Sweden - History of Sweden - Geography of Sweden - Urban areas in Sweden - Demographics of Sweden
Swedish Armed Forces: Swedish Armed Forces
Political parties in Sweden: - Political parties in Sweden
Swedish labour movement: Swedish labour movement
Trade unions in Sweden: Trade unions in Sweden
Elections and politics in Sweden: Elections in Sweden - Government of Sweden
September 2010 Swedish general election: Swedish general election 19 September 2010
May 2019 European Parliament election in Sweden: 26 May 2019 European Parliament election in Sweden
Social movements and protests in Sweden: Protests in Sweden - Swedish labour movement
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Sweden: Swedish society - Human rights in Sweden - Religion in Sweden
Demographics of Sweden and people by ethnic or national origin: Demographics of Sweden - Swedish people by ethnic or national origin and ethnic groups in Sweden
History of the Jews in Sweden: History of the Jews in Sweden
Contemporary immigration to Sweden and countries of origin: Immigration to Sweden - Contemporary immigration to Sweden - Countries of origin for persons born abroad
2014/2015 International and European refugee and migrant crisis: 2014/2015 International and European refugee and migrant crisis
Women and women's rights in Sweden: Women in Sweden - Women's rights in Sweden
Children and children's rights in Sweden: Ombudsman for Children in Sweden - Swedish children's literature
Health in Sweden: Health in Sweden
Hospitals in Sweden: Hospitals in Sweden
Media of Sweden: Media of Sweden
Crime in Sweden: Crime in Sweden
Tax evasion in Sweden: Tax evasion in Sweden
Racism in Sweden: Racism in Sweden
Nazism and antisemitism in Sweden: Nazism in Sweden - Antisemitism in Sweden
Organized crime in Sweden: Organized crime in Sweden
28 February 1986 Assassination of Olof Palme: 28 February 1986 Assassination of Olof Palme
2010 Stockholm bombings: 2010 Stockholm bombings
Arson in Sweden: Arson in Sweden
October 1998 Gothenburg discothèque fire: 29 October 1998 Gothenburg discothèque fire
April 2000 Bäckaby Old Church arson attack: 28 April 2000 Bäckaby Old Church arson attack
2014 mosque arson attacks in Sweden: 2014 mosque arson attacks in Sweden
Since 2014/2015 Arson attacks on asylum centres in Sweden: Since 2014/2015 Arson attacks on asylum centres in Sweden
May 2016 riots in Sweden: May 2016 riots in Sweden
October 2016 Malmö Muslim community centre arson: October 2016 Malmö Muslim community centre arson
2017 Rinkeby riots: February 2017 Rinkeby riots
Judiciary of Sweden: Judiciary of Sweden
Supreme Court of Sweden: Supreme Court of Sweden
Law enforcement in Sweden: Law enforcement in Sweden
Swedish Prosecution Authority: Swedish Prosecution Authority
Foreign relations of Sweden: Foreign relations of Sweden
Sweden's participation in international organizations: Sweden's participation in international organizations
Bilateral relations of Sweden: Bilateral relations of Sweden
Sweden/Bangladesh relations: Sweden/Bangladesh relations
Humanitarian efforts during World War II: Sweden's humanitarian efforts during World War II
Sweden/Israel relations:Sweden/Israel relations
Since 1953 Sweden–Israel Friendship Association: Since 1953 Sweden–Israel Friendship Association, nationwide since 1978
Nobel Prize since 1901 and Right Livelihood Award: Nobel Prize since 1901 - Right Livelihood Award - 8 October 2013: Peter Higgs, Francois Englert win physics Nobel for particle mass - 11 October 2013: Chemical weapons watchdog OPCW wins Nobel Peace Prize for Syrian mission - 25 September 2014: USA whistleblower Snowden wins Swedish human rights award for 'revealing the unprecedented extent of state surveillance' - 6 October 2014: British-American John O'Keefe, Norwegian Edvard and May-Britt Moser win the Nobel Medicine Prize for discovering how the brain navigates - 8 October: Eric Betzig, William Moerner and Stefan Hell win the Nobel Prize in chemistry for developing optical microscopy to study the interplay between molecules inside cells, including the aggregation of disease-related proteins - 9 October: French novelist Patrick Modiano wins the 2014 Nobel Prize in Literature - 10 octobre: Prix nobel de la paix 2014 pour leur lutte contre l'oppression des enfants et pour le droit à l'éducation à Malala Yousafzai et Kailash Satyarthi - 2 December 2014: Co-winning 'alternative Nobel', Snowden calls on UN to protect privacy - 7 October 2016: The Colombian president Juan Manuel Santos has been awarded the 2016 Nobel Peace Prize as the Nobel committee praised Mr Santos' 'resolute efforts to bring the country's more than 50-year-long civil war to an end'
Sweden/Poland relations: Sweden/Poland relations
Sweden/Russia relations: Sweden/Russia relations
Sweden/Rwanda relations: Sweden/Rwanda relations
Sweden/South Africa relations: Sweden/South Africa relations
Sweden/Turkey relations: Sweden/Turkey relations - Turks in Sweden
Sweden/United Kingdom relations: Sweden/United Kingdom relations
Sweden/USA relations: Sweden/USA relations
Since 17th-century Swedish colonization of the Americas: Swedish colonization of the Americas since 17th-century
19th and early 20th centuries Swedish emigration to the USA: Swedish emigration to the USA in the 19th and early 20th centuries
Climate change in Sweden: Climate change in Sweden
Natural disasters in Sweden: Natural disasters in Sweden
Weather events in Sweden: Weather events in Sweden
2005 Cyclone Gudrun: January 2005 Cyclone Gudrun
2007 Cyclone Per: January 2007 Cyclone Per
Landslides in Sweden: Landslides in Sweden
Heat waves and wildfires in Sweden: Skogsbränder i Sverige
2014 Swedish heat wave: 2014 Swedish heat wave
2010 Swedish cold waves: 2010 Swedish cold waves


Ukraine - Geography of Ukraine - History of Ukraine - Demographics of Ukraine
Metal mining and production: Metal mining and production in Ukraine
Fossil fuels in Ukraine: Fossil fuels in Ukraine
Coal in Ukraine: Coal in Ukraine
Forests of Ukraine: Forests of Ukraine
Fishing in Ukraine: Fishing in Ukraine
Aviation in Ukraine: Aviation in Ukraine
Rail transport in Ukraine: Rail transport in Ukraine
Road transport in Ukraine: Road transport in Ukraine - Roads in Ukraine
Economic history and economic cycles in Ukraine: Economic history of Ukraine 2000-2014 and since 2014
2008/2009 Ukrainian financial crisis: 2008-2009 Ukrainian financial crisis
Cooperatives in Ukraine: Cooperatives in Ukraine
Unemployment in Ukraine: Unemployment in Ukraine
Poverty in Ukraine: Poverty in Ukraine
Politics of Ukraine: Politics of Ukraine
Political parties in Ukraine: Political parties in Ukraine
March 2014: 1 March: 2,000 Russian soldiers land near Simferopol, Ukrainian official Kunitsyn says - 2 March: Ukraine's UN ambassador asked an emergency session of the Security Council 'to do everything possible now' to stop Russian aggression as Russian troops took over Ukraine's Crimea - 4 March: Russian soldiers fire at unarmed Ukrainian soldiers trying to retake their aircraft captured by Russian special forces - 5 March 2014: UN special envoy, Dutch diplomat Robert Serry, was forced to abandon a mission to Ukraine's Russian-occupied Crimea region after being stopped by armed men and besieged inside a cafe by a hostile crowd shouting 'Russia! Russia!' - 6 March: Amid Western efforts to diffuse Crimea crisis, Russia refuses to talk to Ukraine - 6 March: Crimean MPs' vote to join Russian Federation sparks outrage - 7 March: Russian troops on Friday attacked a Ukranian military base near Sevastopol as Ukrainian leaders call for a united Western front against Russian aggression - 7/8 March: Russian troops deny access to unarmed international observers from the OSCE to the Crimea for the second day running - 8 March: Warning shots have been fired as OSCE team of international military observers was turned back from entering Crimea - 9 March: A team of journalists in Crimea has been filmed coming under attack by reportedly Russian soldiers - 9 March: Pro-Russian force seizes military airport in Ukraine's Crimea - 9 March: Rival rallies in Crimea, for Russia and Ukraine - 10 March: Russian forces consolidated their hold on Ukraine's Crimea peninsula, taking over a military hospital and a missile base - 10 March: Armed men, described as Russian troops, fired in the air as they moved into a Ukrainian naval post in Crimea near Bakhchisaray - 11 March: Crimean parliament voted that the peninsula will declare itself an independent state if its residents agree to split off from Ukraine and join Russia in a referendum - 12 March: Pro-Russian separatists will take ownership of Ukrainian state companies in Crimea, including the region's Black Sea natural gas fields - 13/14 March: Russia starts military exercises near the border with Ukraine in a show of force and without a sign of backing down on plans to annex its neighbour's Crimea region - 16 March: Polls open in referendum already dismissed as illegitimate by Ukrainian government and allies - 17 March: USA and EU expected to announce sanctions against Putin regime after Crimean referendum on joining Russia - 18 March: Putin approves draft bill to annex Crimea - 18 March: Putin signs treaty making Crimea, Sevastopol part of Russia
Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation ratified on 21 March 2014 - 21 March: Barack Obama announces sanctions over Crimea annexation against 20 Russian lawmakers, senior government officials and closest Putin allies, including Timchenko - 21 March 2014: OSCE to send observers to Ukraine as quickly as possible, Russian Putin regime says no Crimea mandate - 22 March: Ramming through the gate armed forces backed by armoured vehicles violently broke inside a Ukrainian airbase in Crimea on Saturday, firing from automatic weapons into the air - 23 March: Ukrainian soldier wounded as Russian forces attack Ukrainian Crimea base in Belbek and Putin regime tries to consolidate control - 24 March: Russian troops seize control of another Ukrainian military base in Crimea, the naval base in Feodosia, throwing stun grenades and tying up the hands of Ukrainian marines - 24 March: Ukraine orders withdrawal of armed forces from Crimea in face of Russian threats - 26 March: Ukraine troops exit Crimea as defence chief steps down - 28 March 2014: As the UN General Assembly refuses to recognise Russia's annexation of the Crimea peninsula, the IMF bails out Ukraine - 31 March: Ukrainian government sent a protest note to Russian Putin regime over its PM Medvedev's visit to Crimea, calling it a crude violation of international norms and rejecting Putin's calls for federalisation of Ukraine
2015: 10 February: More than 600 Russian troops started exercises in Crimea - 11 March 2015: Ukraine condemns Russia's plans for nuclear weapons in Crimea - 30 March: Crimean Tatar channel faces shutdown by Russian regime - 21 April: Cameraman for closed Crimean Tatar TV channel detained - 19 May: Police in the capital of Russia-annexed Crimea detain Tatars commemorating their mass deportation in 1944 - 9 June 2015: Russian regime will establish a Crimean Tatar broadcasting company to replace TV and radio stations shut down by regime controlled government this spring - 19 June: OSCE accuses Russian regime of violating freedom of speech in Crimea - 2 August 2015: Addressing the second World Congress of the Crimean Tatars, Poroshenko says Crimea to have status of national-territorial autonomy within Ukraine - 8 September: Three Ukrainian soldiers, who went missing on the border with Crimea, were abducted by Russian subverters - 21 September: Crimea's Tatars blockade Russian-occupied region in anger over discrimination - 13 November: OSCE watchdogs not allowed to monitor the situation in Russian-occupied Crimea - 22 November: State of emergency introduced as Crimea loses electricity following destruction of electricity pylons on the administrative border - 24 November: Ukraine halts delivery of goods to Russian-occupied Crimea - 25 November: Russian-occupied Crimea remains in darkness after power lines destroyed - 30 November: Lights still off in occupied Crimea following Russian arrival in 2014
November 2019 Russia-occupied Crimea's irreversible environmental damage over lack of fresh water: 15 November 2019: Russia-occupied Crimea may face irreversible environmental damage over lack of fresh water
2014 pro-Russian riots in Ukraine, since February 2014 Russian military intervention in Ukraine and war in Donbas 2014 pro-Russian riots in Ukraine - Since 2014 Russian military intervention in Ukraine - War in Donbass - Humanitarian situation during Russian-backed war in Donbas
Sloviansk standoff since 12 April - 13 April: Ukraine prepares armed response as pro-Russia forces carrying automatic weapons seized government buildings in Slaviansk and set up barricades on the outskirts of the city - 13 April: Government says on Sunday that several left dead and wounded in fighting to oust pro-Russian gunmen holed up in a police station in Slaviansk, as USA warns Russian regime to de-escalate the crisis or face the consequences - 14/15 April: Pro-Russia forces lay siege to official buildings in eastern Ukraine and abuse officials - 15 April: In the first Ukrainian military response to pro-Russian attacks in the east, special forces recaptured Kramatorsk airport occupied by militiamen - 16 April: Ukrainian army enters Kramatorsk - 16 April: Pro-Russians take two Ukrainian soldiers hostage in Lugansk as intercepted communications show that sabotage operations are being openly led by regular officers from the Russian military intelligence - 17 April: Pro-Russian separatists in east Ukraine town of Donetsk order Jews to register claiming their support of Jews for Kiev and their hostility 'to the Orthodox Donetsk republic and its citizens' - 17 April: Separatists' attack on a National Guard base in south-east Ukraine repelled by Ukraine troops - 18 April: In Geneva Deshchytsia, Kerry, Ashton, Lavrov agree on plan of de-escalation in eastern Ukraine, including that the OSCE special monitoring mission should play a leading role in assisting the Ukrainian authorities and local communities in the immediate implementation, especially in disarming militants and vacating occupied buildings - 18 April: Separatists in Luhansk vow not to leave SBU building without referendum - 18 April: Acting FM Deshchytsia says that the antiterrorist operation in eastern Ukraine continues amid the Geneva agreements and will depend on the implementation of this agreement, the real vacation of captured buildings and arms surrender - 18 April: Ukraine OSCE peacemakers say they need more help and another 350 monitors to make Geneva deal work - 18 April: Occupations of public buildings across eastern Ukraine continue - 19 April: Inside seized Donetsk's regional administration building named 'Donetsk People's Republic' balaclavas, Stalin flags and razorwire - 19 April: Beating Roma and hunting for Ukrainian-speaking citizens by Sloviansk separatists and 'people's mayor' Ponomariov condemned by PM Yatseniuk - 20 April: Ukraine's police and intelligence service accused Russia of staging a fatal shooting incident in which pro-Russia separatists were killed in the east - 20 April: Main synagogue in southeastern Ukrainian city of Nikolayev was empty of worshippers when it was firebombed early Saturday morning - 22 April: The USA State Department has released images of soldiers in eastern Ukraine that it says are Russian forces - 22 April: 11 persons suspected of separatism arrested at checkpoints in the area, all citizens of Russia, Dnipropetrovsk's Mykhailo Lysenko says - 22 April: Ukrainian military surveillance plane hit and damaged by small arms fire as it was on a reconnaissance flight over the separatists-held eastern town of Slavyansk - 22 April: A group of armed men, who seized Kramatorsk city police chief Vitaliy Kolupay a hostage, was led by Russian colonel Strelkov, Interior Ministry says - 23 April: As John Kerry told Russia's Lavrov that USA would impose further sanctions if tensions don't de-escalate in eastern Ukraine, as Joe Biden on a visit to Kiev called on Russian regime to pull back troops and to urge the separatists to disarm, as Russia's Churkin ruled out rapid progress calling the efforts naive, two tortured bodies found near Slaviansk, one of them reportedly Volodymyr Rybak from the Batkivshchyna party, who had been abducted by separatists - 23 April: USA's Vice magazine confirms that pro-Russian separatists in eastern Ukraine are holding its journalist Simon Ostrovsky detained by their gunmen
24 April: Extremists with grenade launchers attack military unit in Artemivsk, injuries reported - 24 April: Mariupol Town Council reportedly cleared of separatists - 24 April: Ukrainian units unblocked and destroyed three checkpoints in Sloviansk, five terrorists killed during the armed clash - 24 April: Ukrainian troops reportedly force pro-Russian militants back to downtown Sloviansk - 25 April: Residents from port of Odessa have built checkpoints near town to stop pro-Russian separatists entering from Transdniestria - 25 April: An explosion at the checkpoint near Odesa injured seven people, including a policeman, no Ukrainian casualties - 25 April: Mi-8 helicopter explodes in Kramatorsk after grenade launcher attack - 25 April: As Sloviansk will be fully blocked, Ukrainian authorities are ready for compromises with politicians and public activists, who are ready for negotiations, Pashynky says - 26 April: Ponomarev's pro-Russian separatists, who captured Vice journalist Simon Ostrovsky, hold OSCE military observers captive after their bus was seized - 26 April: Showing journalists the documents of the detained persons, Sloviansk terrorists not planning to release OSCE members - 28 April: Violating international law, Russian television shows three captured Ukrainian security guards bloodied, blindfolded, stripped of their trousers and shoes, their arms bound with packing tape in Slovyansk, where OSCE observers are also being held - 28 April: Terrorists free one OSCE representative, who has diabetes - 28 April: Terrorists attack security forces at Kramatorsk airport - 28 April: After Kharkiv Mayor Hennadiy Kernes, who defended Ukrainian statehood, was shot and critically wounded with a gunshot to his back by unidentified gunmen, attempted murder proceedings are opened - 28 April: Ukrainian journalists face threats as separatists make demands of media - 29 April 2014: After their attack on a peaceful Donetsk demonstration, injuring 25 people, pro-Russian separatists kidnapped seven participants of the pro-Ukrainian rally - 30 April: Separatists occupy buildings of Alchevsk and Sverdlovsk city councils
May 2014: 2 May: Ukraine's government forces reportedly have begun an anti-terror operation in the eastern city of Sloviansk - 3 May: Ukraine's government resumes military action to tackle pro-Russian separatists in the east - 3 May: All OSCE observers captured in Sloviansk released through joint efforts, FM Deshchytsia says adding that terrorists there are listening only to Russia - 4 May: Ukraine claims advances on separatists-held positions - 4 May: As pro-Russian separatists attack a government building in Donetsk and riots continue in the east Ukrainian troops have surrounded the pro-Russian stronghold of Sloviansk - 4 May: Terrorists have taken conscript soldiers from Luhansk enlistment office to unknown destiation - 4 May: The third man, tortured to death with Yuriy Popravka and Volodymyr Rybak by the separatists in Slovyansk, is identified as Yuriy Dyakovskyi, a student aged 25 - 6 May: Heavy fighting in Sloviansk on Monday - 7 May: Fighting continues in the suburbs of Slovyansk - 7 May: At a meeting with OSCE Chairman Didier Burkhalter in Moscow, Putin calls on Ukrainian separatists to reschedule May 11 'referendum', adding that presidential elections in Ukraine, scheduled for May 25, are a step in the right direction - 9 May: Shooting and killed people reported in central Mariupol as checkpoints around the city are controlled by Ukrainian military - 10 May: Separatists reportedly attacked the office of Red Cross in Donetsk - 11 May: Only four polling stations open for 'referendum' in Mariupol, home to 460,000 people - 12 May: Self-proclaimed Sloviansk 'mayor' states full cooperation with Russia - 12 May: Interior Ministry investigates shooting in Krasnoarmiysk - 12 May: Less than third of residents in Luhansk, Donetsk regions voted in 'referendum', Turchynov says - 12 May: Separatists in Sloviansk once more opened fire on the TV tower and security forces guarding it early on Monday - 13/14 May: A column of Ukrainian troopers was attacked by about 30-40 people near Kramatorsk, killing 7 troopers and wounding 9 others - 14 May: Representatives of government, church and community gathered at first nationwide round table meeting for national unity in Kyiv, next session can be held in Donetsk on May 17 - 15 May: Pro-Russian separatists in Ukraine's east threaten election commission members and their families with violence - 15 May: As a significant portion of mines stop, Independent Trade Union of Miners of Ukraine asks the Ukrainian authorities to issue weapons to miners to protect the cities of Donbas against separatists and terrorists - 16 May: Separatists take wages of over 3,000 miners and budgetary workers in Yenakievo - 16 May: Pro-Russian separatists have retreated in Mariupol since steelworkers began citizen patrols driving separatists out of occupied government buildings, giving residents hope - 18 May: Ukrainian military servicemen captured few terrorists and Russian journalists during a minor action near Kramatorsk - 21 May: Pro-Russian separatists in eastern Ukraine face citizens anger - 21 May: More than third of election commissions in Donetsk, Luhansk regions blocked - 22 May: 7 districts in Donetsk region controlled by Ukrainian forces - 22 May: 13 Ukrainians killed in a surprise dawn attack on an army checkpoint, apparently by pro-Russian separatists, in Donetsk region - 23 May: Ambushed by separatists five fighters of Donbas special battalion were killed and seven more wounded near Karlivka village - 24 May: Terrorists tried to attack Ukrainian checkpoint near Slovyansk, killing two Ukrainian military - 25 May: Terrorists disrupt elections at 4 polling stations in Donetsk region - 25 May: French photojournalist Roguelon wounded near Sloviansk and helped by locals going to hospital - 25 May: Police probe into death of Italian journalist Rocchelli, who was killed with his translator in Andriyivka - 25 May: 4 polling stations destroyed in Novoaidar by pro-Russian separatists, severe fighting reported - 25/26 May: On polling day in Ukraine's Donetsk avenues were empty as residents stayed at home in fear of violence from pro-Russian militants - 27 May: Ukrainian government forces said to be using jets, helicopters and gunships against pro-Russia separatists in Donetsk region - 29 May: Pro-Russian separatists in Slovyansk claim to have four missing OSCE observers - 29 May: Ukrainian paratroopers involved in operation on May 28 shoot down Russian unmanned plane, capture cargo - 29 May 2014: Pro-Russian separatists near Slovyansk shot down a Ukrainian army helicopter carrying supplies, killing 14 soldiers including a general, as separatist leader in Donetsk admits his fighters include Russian 'volunteers' - 29 May: Pro-Russian separatists in Slovyansk claim to be holding four OSCE observers - 30 May: A second group of 5 OSCE observers went missing a day after pro-Russian separatists announced they were holding a four-member team of OSCE monitors
June 2014: 2 June 2014: Several pro-Russia separatists killed and injured after they attempted to storm a military base close to the border with Russia and ambushed a guard post near Luhansk - 4 June 2014: UNICEF is deeply concerned that the recent escalation of violence is now having a greater impact on children in eastern Ukraine - 10 June: After terrorists bombarded the airfield in Kramatorsk, 40 militants reportedly killed - 10 June: Terrorists start fighting each other, Ukraine's Selezniov says - 12 June: Russia preparing to send Rostov militants, who participated in the annexation of Crimea, to east Ukraine, Ukraine's Tymchuk says - 12 June: Ukraine's humanitarian crisis worsens as tens of thousands flee combat in east - 12/13 June: Reality and words clashed as separatists drove three tanks across the Russian border into Ukraine and Russian regime said the insurgents are ready for a pause in the conflict - 13 June: Ukrainian troops drive pro-Russians out of Mariupol, retake occupied buildings and detain over 30 terrorists, Interior Ministry says - 13 June: Ukraine filed a lawsuit at the European Court of Human Rights concerning the kidnapping by terrorists of orphans from Snizhne - 14 June: Russia has sent tanks, heavy weapons and rocket launchers to eastern Ukraine in support of separatists, USA says
Ukrainian Air Force Ilyushin Il-76 shoot-down 14 June 2014 - 14 June: 49 Ukrainian military personnel killed when pro-Russian separatists shot down a cargo plane over the airport of Luhansk - 14 June: Car with border guards shot in Mariupol - 16/17 June: Ukrainian soldiers free village of Metalist in Luhansk region from militants - 17 June: According to UN figures, about 34,000 Ukrainian citizens were forced to leave their homes because of armed actions in the east - 18 June: Terrorists have moved two Russian T-72 tanks, not in the service of the Ukrainian Armed Forces, to Donetsk - 18 June: Poroshenko will hold negotiations with representatives of eastern regions of Ukraine on June 19 - 19 June: Pro-Russian separatists suffer big losses in battle against government forces - 20 June: Seven Ukraine troops killed before week-long ceasefire declared by President Poroshenko as a first step to de-escalate the conflict - 21 June: Pro-Russian separatists continue to attack army posts, putting at risk the newly announced ceasefire by Ukraine's military - 23 June: Pro-Russian separatists agree to honour Ukraine ceasefire - 24/25 June: One day after ceasefire agreement pro-Russian separatists near Slaviansk shot down a Ukrainian helicopter carrying technicians who had been installing equipment to monitor violations of peace plan, killing all nine people on board, reportedly despite ceasefire orders from their own commander - 26 June: Russian border guards kill militants who flee from Ukraine, NSDC says - 26 June: Militants, who are ready to lay down their arms in eastern Ukraine, reportedly severely suppressed - 27 June: Release from captivity of OSCE group of four observers confirmed but Luhansk-based team has not yet been released - 28 June: Ukraine extends unilateral cease-fire for extra three days after signing free trade deal at EU summit and in line with a deadline set by EU leaders for Ukrainian pro-Russian separatists - 29 June: Pro-Russia separatists release second Ukraine OSCE monitor group
July 2014: 1 July: Following a meeting of the National Security and Defense Council Poroshenko ends unilateral ceasefire in the Donetsk and Luhansk regions - 1 July: Ukraine takes back a key border crossing and three villages from pro-Russia separatists - 2 July: Western partners ready to give Ukraine 1.5 bln euros to restore Donbas, Iryna Herashchenko says at a roundtable - 4 July: Ukraine's SBU chief Nalyvaichenko again accuses Russian regime of helping militants in arms supplies to Ukraine - 4 July: Ukrainian forces have lost nine servicemen on Friday, and 13 more have been wounded, 197 Ukrainian soldiers have been killed since the beginning of the anti-terrorist operation in eastern Ukraine - 5 July: Militants coming from the Russia side attacked Ukrainian border checkpoint on Azov Sea coast killing one border guard and wounding eight - 5 July: Refugees reportedly shot down by militants near Sloviansk - 5 July: Separatists stronghold Slovyansk has been taken by Ukrainian troops - 7 July: Ukrainian border guards come under mortar fire of pro-Russia separatists at Dovzhansky checkpoint - 7 July: Rescuers restoring critical infrastructure in Sloviansk and Kramatorsk - 7 July: Pro-Russia separatists shelling Luhansk with Grad multiple rocket launchers followed by empty streets - 8 July: A share taxi has been hit by a shell in Luhansk Tuesday morning killing two passengers and wounding four - 9 July: Two militants' Grad rocket launchers destroyed by Ukrainian military near the village of Dmytrivka - 10 July: Five roadblocks in Donetsk and Luhansk regions come under gunfire of separatists, security forces ambushed, one serviceman died and three more were wounded - 10 July: Fighting underway near Donetsk airport - 11 July 2014: Up to 30 Ukrainian servicemen killed by pro-Russian separatists grad missile attack on the border post at Zelenopillya, in Luhansk region - 12 July: Grad launchers again firing from Russian border - 14 July: Ukrainian servicemen unblock Luhansk airport - 14/15 July: Ukrainian plane shot down in Luhansk region, missile probably launched from Russia - 15 July: Luhansk declared three days of mourning for 17 civilians, killed by militants in residential neighborhoods - 15 July: SBU reportedly has irrefutable evidence of Russia's involvement in An-26 crash - 17 July 2014: 'This is so much fun in Gukovo! Guys, Grad is shelling,' a Russian man comments filming Grad shelling Ukraine from Rostov region - 17 July: Residents of Rostov region confirm Russian Grad launchers shell Ukrainian territory - 17 July: A Russian military plane shot down a Su-25 aircraft of the Ukrainian Armed Forces on Wednesday
17 July 2014 Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17 shot down near Hrabove with a surface-to-air missile - 18 July: Suspected separatists' missile destroys Malaysia Airlines plane over Ukraine, killing 298 people - 18 July: Pro-Russian separatists will not cease fire for investigation into Boeing crash - 19 July: Transcripts of MH17 conversations between Russian intelligence and pro-Russian rebels released - 19 July: Russia-led terrorists attempt to destroy evidence of Boeing 777 plane crash, Ukrainian government says - 19 July: Pro-Russian separatists reportedly resumed the shelling of the Lugansk Airport from tanks, mortars and Grad multiple rocket launchers - 20 July: As inspectors still denied access to MH17 crash site and anger mounts towards Russian regime, that is not yet ready to abandon separatists, UN considers resolution on Ukraine crash site access - 21 July: Ukrainian army captures 23 Russian militants in Luhansk region - 22 July: Tense night in Donetsk - 22 July: Ukrainian military come under artillery fire from Russia near Kumachove and the Dovzhansky checkpoint - 22 July: Dzerzhynsk freed from separatists, town under full control of Ukrainian forces - 22 July: Train with victims of MH17 Boeing crash still in Donetsk region - 22 July: Russian regime reportedly continues to send military hardware to east - 22/23 July: USA intelligence officials lay out case that Russian-backed separatists shot down MH17 jetliner last week to counter Russian efforts to muddy the waters with claims of Ukrainian culpability, presenting evidence that separatists shot down plane, likely 'by mistake' - 23 July: Near Savur Mogila pro-Russia separatists shoot down two Ukrainian fighter jets - 24 July: NATO continues to see evidence of weapons being moved into Ukraine from Russia since the downing of Malaysian MH17 airliner - 25 July: Ukrainian security forces liberate Lysychansk - 25 July: Pro-Russia separatists bombard Luhansk airdrome and two roadblocks from Grad multiple rocket launchers - 26 July: Putin culpable in Ukraine MH17 plane crash, USA's Josh Earnest says - 26 July: EU sends advisers to assist the Ukrainian government in imposing the rule of law in rebel areas - 27 July: Satellite images released by USA show Russian rocket fire into Ukraine and heavy artillery for pro-Russian separatists has also crossed the border - 28 July: Australia, Netherlands plan fresh attempt to reach MH17 site - 28 July: Horlivka blocked by Ukrainian forces - 29 July: Ukraine's army on Monday reportedly seized control of part of the vast site where MH17 crashed - 29 July: MH17 black boxes show crash caused by rocket shrapnel, Ukrainian official says - 29 July: Pro-Russian separatists chief Igor Bezler threatens to execute interviewer: Don’t think I won’t shoot you - 30 July: Ukrainian security forces liberate Avdiyivka and free 17 servicemen from captivity and torture in Horlivka - 31 July: EU recognizes scale of crimes committed by terrorists with Russia's support, Ukrainian Foreign Ministry says
August 2014: 1 August 2014: Ukrainian army frees Novy Svit in Donetsk region - 2 August: Russian regime fires with Grads and launches drones again - 2 August: No light, water, food, fuel, salaries and Internet, Luhansk on the brink of a humanitarian catastrophe due to pro-Russian separatists - 4 August 2014: Anti-terrorist operation forces in eastern Ukraine came under artillery and mortar fire from Russian territory late on August 3 and early on August 4 - 5 August: Attackers open fire at unarmed Ukrainian military convoy of the 72nd Brigade on its way back from Russian territory - 5 August: Ukrainian government urges pro-Russian separatists to let civilians leave besieged cities - 7 August: SBU's Nalyvaichenko says, that pro-Russian separatists instead of Boeing MH17 wanted to shot down Aeroflot plane as an excuse to bring Russian troops to Ukraine - 8 August: Pro-Russian separatists tortured and murdered Sverdlovsk prosecutor - 9 August: Fierce battles on Ukraine's porous eastern border left 15 government troops dead as fears of a possible Russian invasion swirled Saturday and NATO urged Moscow to withdraw its troops - 9 August: Ukrainian troops attack pro-Russian separatitsts in several localities - 10 August: Ukraine will let international aid mission in rebel-held Lugansk - 11 August: Desertion of numerous pro-Russian separatists' detachments reported - 11 August: 1,135 people flee from Donbas via 'green corridor' over past 24 hours, NSDC says - 12 August: Humanitarian aid to eastern Ukraine under auspices of Red Cross excludes armed escorts, ICRC says - 12 August: Russian aid convoy heads for Ukraine amid doubts over lorries' contents - 13 August: Ukrainian forces block channel of supplies of arms and mercenaries from Russia to Donetsk - 13 August: Red Cross does not know the content of Russian convoy - 13 August: Foreign convoys that are accompanied by the military without Red Cross mandate viewed as aggressive forces, NSDC says - 14 August: Ukrainian forces cutting Luhansk militants off border with Russia - 14 August: Ukraine already sends over 250 tonnes of humanitarian aid to Donbas - 15 August: Ukrainian army liberates Bulavinske, Chornukhine and Oleksandrove - 15 August: Some Russian military equipment reportedly destroyed by Ukrainian artillery after the invasion of Ukraine and a military convoy seen entering territory - 18 August: Ukrainian forces liberate Chornukhyne, enter Khriashchuvate - 18 August: Ukrainian forces break through to Luhansk airport - 18 August: Ukrainian troops liberate Yasynuvata - 18 August: The ICRC says that the humanitarian aid sent by the Ukrainian government has already been delivered to ten towns in the Donbas - 18 August: Reports that pro-Russian separatists shelled a column of displaced persons with mortars and Grad multiple rocket launchers in Luhansk region, confirmed by NSDC - 18 August: So-called Donetsk People's Republic introduces the death penalty and military tribunals - 19 August: Ukrainian forces fighting to liberate Ilovaisk, Yasynuvata and Zhdanivka in Donetsk region, and Chornukhyne in Luhansk region - 19/20 August: Ongoing fighting to liberate Ilovaisk - 20 August: Fighting in Lugansk reported
September 2014: 9 September: Malaysian Boeing in June broke up in air due to damage from outside, Dutch Safety Board preliminary report says - 10 September: Russians and militants reportedly regrouping in Luhansk region as government forces come under Grad and artillery fire despite truce five times overnight - 11 September: Russians and militants shell Donetsk airport three times overnight - 12 September: Donetsk airport comes under Grad and artillery fire several times overnight, Ukrainian army positions are shelled by pro-Russian separatists near four populated localities in Donbas - 12 September: Expressing support for all defenders of Ukraine's sovereignty, EU Commissioner Stefan Fule asks Ukrainian authorities to support residents of Donbas - 12 September: At the anual meeting of the Yalta European Strategy in Kyiv Ukraine's Poroshenko supports the holding of early local elections in Donbas - 12 September: Luhansk still without electricity, water and gas supply - 13/14 September: Pro-Russian separatists continue shelling Donetsk airport in another breach of the fragile cease-fire, as more Russian trucks cross the border without Kiev’s permission and Ukrainian PM Arseniy Yatsenyuk says only membership of NATO would enable the country to defend itself from external aggression - 14/15 September: Pro-Russian separatists continue shelling residential areas - 20 September: Memorandum on ceasefire in Donbas signed in Minsk, concerning a security zone and the withdrawal of all foreign mercenaries - 20/21 September: NATO's General Breedlove hopeful about Saturday's announced agreement saying that Ukraine ceasefire is 'in name only' and Russian forces still operating in Ukraine - 22 September: Third Russian 'aid convoy' brings weapons for militants, Dmytro Tymchuk says - 22 September: Ukrainian military positions near Debaltseve in Donetsk region have again come under artillery and Grad fire in at least 40 attacks - 22 September: Despite the declared ceasefire, pro-Russian separatists continue to shell Ukrainian army positions, as up to 65% of Ukrainian military hardware has been destroyed since the beginning of the conflict - 24 September: OSCE observers come under fire in Luhansk region - 26 September: Situation in eastern Ukraine remains tense as pro-Russia separatists continue to shell Ukrainian army positions despite ceasefire - 27 September: Pro-Russia separatists reportedly shelled hospital, housing office, and vocational school in Shchastia - 29 September: Fighting continues near airport in Donetsk, near Debaltseve, Nikishine, Hranitne, Ridkodub and other settlements, near Debaltseve and Zhelobok, as pro-Russia separatists shell National Guard - 30 September: Deadliest attacks by pro-Russian separatists threaten Ukraine truce - 30 September: Pro-Russia separatists fire more than 1,000 times on Ukrainian security forces during 'truce' - 30 September: Donetsk Airport comes under fire from tanks of pro-Russia separatists - 30 September: Massive bombardment of Donetsk by pro-Russian separatists damaged homes in several areas of the city
October 2014: 1 October: Situation tense in Debaltseve, Ridkodub, Nikishyne, Krasnohorivka, and Shchastia, pro-Russia separatists shell Popasna with Grad rockets, killing one civilian killed and injuring three, increased intensity of shelling by pro-Russia separatists near Donetsk Airport - 1 October: Despite significant withdrawal Russian troops still in Ukraine, NATO says - 2 October: Pro-Russia separatists begin a massive assault on the positions of the Ukrainian forces at the Donetsk airport early this morning - 3 October: Pro-Russia separatists repeatedly tried to storm Donetsk airport in the past 24 hours, but attacks were successfully repelled by Ukrainian forces - 4 October: Strong evidence that a shell that killed an employee of the ICRC in Donetsk was launched from the territory controlled by separatists, Ukraine promises to conduct a full and open investigation - 4 October: Donetsk airport and the nearby area remaining under control of Ukrainian troops - 6 October: During Sunday pro-Russia separatists made more than 50 attacks on the Ukrainian forces, in particular they tried to attack the Donetsk airport twice, as rotation of about 3,000 Russian military fighting in Donbas continues - 7 October: Pro-Russia separatists continue shelling Donetsk airport and do not stop shelling positions and checkpoints in other districts, despite suffering reported heavy losses - 7 October: Uncontrolled armed groups are mining roads in Donbas - 8 October: Only 20% of industry works in Luhansk and Donetsk regions, which destabilizes the economic situation in Ukraine, ministry says - 8 October: Three civilians killed and four more injured in Donetsk after pro-Russian separatists shelled the city - 9 October: Pro-Russian separatists again shell and try to storm Donetsk airport as ammunition coming from Russia reportedly transferred to the Donetsk airport area - 9 October: The activity of two special groups of Russian intelligence officers has been recorded in Donetsk - 10 October: Pro-Russia separatists shelled positions of Ukrainian security forces 35 times over past day - 11 October: Pro-Russia separatists attacked Ukrainian military positions over 30 times in Donbas and shelled Maryinka with mortars at night - 11 October: Pro-Russia separatists in another unsuccessful attempt to assault Donetsk airport reportedly suffer great losses - 13 October: Pro-Russia separatists attacked Ukrainian positions over 50 times in past 24 hours - 14 October: Pro-Russia separatists tried to storm the Donetsk airport again - 17 October: More than 70% of the pro-Russia separatists deserted from the unit, which was to attack the Donetsk airport - 18 October: Pro-Russia separatists fired Ukrainian positions near the settlements of Pisky, Starohnativka, Novomykhailivka, Krasnohorivka and Tonenke - 20 October: In the past 24 hours pro-Russia separatists carried out over 60 attacks on the positions of Ukrainian troops, using small arms, mortars, MLRS, rocket artillery, tanks, and 23-2 anti-aircraft systems near Donetsk, Avdiyivka, Nikishyne, Triokhizbenka, Tonenke and Fashchivka - 21 October: Bombings do not stop in Donetsk until late at night as Ukrainian troops repel attacks of pro-Russia separatists - 21/22 October: After reported use Ukraine's NSDC spokesman Lysenko says Ukrainian military not using cluster munitions, and OSCE finds no cluster munitions in Donbas conflict zone - 23 October: Russia blocks extension of OSCE mission on border with Ukraine, USA mission to the OSCE says - 23 October: Pro-Russia separatists continue shelling the positions of Ukrainian forces near Debaltseve, Mykolaivka, Pavlopil, Shchastia, Smile, and Zamozhne - 24 October: Despite ceasefire, pro-Russia separatists Terrorists shell Donetsk airport with Grad rocket launchers - 24 October: Million of voters in Donbas and Crimea will not be able to vote on Sunday - 26 October: Six unidentified men attack three parliamentary candidates in Kirovohrad region near a polling station, several people injured after two cars came under fire near polling station in Kryvy Rih, pro-Russia separatists opened fire on four people who came to vote in Donetsk and pro-Russia separatists fired at border guards near the village of Kamyshne in Luhansk region - 28 October: Pro-Russia separatists again shell Donetsk airport and Ukrainian forces near Debaltseve - 28/29 October: Over ten Ukrainian soldiers killed at checkpoint near Smile in Luhansk region, and pro-Russia separatists continue to shell Donetsk airport - 31 October: Pro-Russia separatists violate ceasefire 45 times over past day - 31 October: Russian actor Porechenkov joins militants to fire at Ukrainian soldiers at Donetsk airport
November 2014: 1 November: Dutch team back at Ukraine MH17 site - 1 November: Pro-Russia separatists intensified attacks in the south of Donetsk and Luhansk regions, killing at least another six Ukrainian soldiers - 2 November: Democratic countries refuse to recognise 'votes' in Donetsk and Lugansk 'People’s Republics', held amid continuing attacks of pro-Russia separatists - 25 November: Despite the declared ceasefire, pro-Russia separatists continue to shell Ukrainian army positions - 25 November: Russia moves five more columns with mercenaries and ammunition to Donbas - 26 November: Pro-Russia separatitst have shelled the positions of the Ukrainian forces 47 times over the past 24 hours - 27 November: Pro-Russian separatists violated the ceasefire in the Donbas conflict zone 50 times over the past 24 hours - 27 November: Attack by pro-Russian separatists on members of the OSCE mission in Donbas
December 2014: 1 December: Russian special forces have tried to attack the Donetsk airport, but retreated with significant losses - 2 December: Russia pulls tanks to Stanytsia Luhanska - 2 December: Pro-Russian separatists shelled Ukrainian positions 52 times over past 24 hours - 2 December: OSCE reports on eight convoys with military equipment near Snizhne moving in the direction to Donetsk - 3 December: Convoy of tanks including Russian T-72B3 drives through Luhansk - 4 December: Russian troops continue arriving in Debaltseve area - 4 December: Despite the ceasefire, Donetsk was shaken by volleys and explosions over the whole night - 4 December: Some 6,000-10,000 Russian servicemen reportedly fighting against Ukrainian troops in Donbas - 5 December: Tank attack of of pro-Russia separatists repulsed near Luhansk - 7 December: Ukraine's Poroshenko said that his envoy would attend peace talks with pro-Russian separatists also involving envoys from Moscow and the OSCE in Minsk on Tuesday - 8 December: Six civilians killed and three more injured as a result of shelling by militants in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 8 December: Militants shell Ukrainian positions 55 times in past 24 hours - 10 December: Pro-Russia separatists violated 'ceasefire regime' in eastern Ukraine 17 times over the past 24 hours, continuing to transfer manpower and weapons along the front line - 11 December: Pro-Russia separatists violated the silence regime in Donbas 22 times over the previous 24 hours - 12 December: Preliminary results of the investigation confirm that the Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17 was shot down by a Russian missile, Poroshenko says during his visit to Australia - 12 December: Ukraine's first casualty-free day in seven months 'shows sanctions are working', Poroshenko says delivering an address at Australian Lowy Institute - 12 December: Russia continues to send mercenaries to Donetsk, Dmytro Tymchuk says - 12 December: Pro-Russia separatists violated the ceasefire regime six times over the previous day - 13 December: Over the previous 24 hours 11 cases of violation of the 'silence' regime by pro-Russia separatists - 13 December: Number of attacks of pro-Russia separatists increased in Luhansk region, using mortars and large-caliber weapons again - 15 December: Over the past 24 hours, pro-Russia separatists shelled positions of Ukrainian military seven times - 15 December: Russian mercenaries arrive to form a new 'battalion' of militants in Luhansk region, Dmytro Tymchuk says - 16 December: Pro-Russia separatists shell Ukrainian positions nine times over past 24 hours - 17 December: Pro-Russia separatists shell Ukrainian positions 26 times in past 24 hours - 18 December: Russia sends militants and armored vehicles to Stanytsia Luhanska and to Starohnativka and Novolaps, Dmytro Tymchuk says - 19 December: Pro-Russia separatists committed nine provocations over the past 24 hours against Ukrainian forces, killing five soldiers and injuring seven more - 20 December: Pro-Russia separatists shell 11 settlements in Donbas - 23 December: Since yesterday pro-Russia separatists shelled positions of Ukrainian military nine times - 25 December: Russia continues to send militants and equipment to Donbas despite meeting of 'Contact Group' in Minsk, ending without new date agreement - 26 December: Pro-Russia separatists last night shelled Ukrainian military 16 times with small arms, grenade launchers, mortars, armored vehicles and artillery - 26 December: Agreement to exchange 225 pro-Russia separatists for 150 Ukrainian servicemen, as negotiators try to reach broader agreement involving a ceasefire and withdrawal of troops, promised and agreed by Russian regime since summer - 27 December: Pro-Russia separatists fire settlements in Luhansk region eight times over day with different weapons, Hennadiy Moskal says - 29 December: Pro-Russia separatists shelled Donetsk airport and also the settlement of Petrovske - 30 December: Pro-Russia separatists shelled Ukrainian forces three times at night and attacked positions in Pisky, close to the Donetsk airport, killing six Ukrainian military and wounding three more - 31 December: Pro-Russia separatists fired at Ukrainian military positions 11 times last night, as their command reportedly continues to deploy artillery and armored vehicles to buffer zone
January 2015: 3 January 2015: Increasing number of attacks by illegal armed groups using Grad multiple rocket launchers, artillery and mortars, seen as an intentional violation of the Minsk agreements, Ukrainian FM says - 5 January: Russia accumulates armored vehicles and artillery south of Donetsk, near Dokuchayevsk and Telmanove - 6 January: Ukrainian troops were shelled 11 times by pro-Russia separatists using all types of weapons - 10 January: Four Ukrainian soldiers and at least as many civilians died in an upsurge of rocket attacks and another nine residents injured in clashes around Donetsk airport - 10 January: Two Ukrainian servicemen killed, 20 wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 12 January: At least 4,808 people and 10,468 wounded in eastern Ukraine since April 2014, UN report says - 13 January: Donetsk residents report multiple Grad rockets launches within city by pro-Russia separatists on Monday - 13 January: Shellfire heard across Donetsk after bus driving near an army checkpoint in eastern Ukraine was hit by a separatist rocket, killing 12 people on Tuesday - 14 January: One Ukrainian military serviceman and 17 wounded in eastern Ukraine in past 24 hours, Andriy Lysenko says - 15 January: Ukrainian positions attacked 129 times per 24 hours - 16 January: Ukrainian military shelled 82 times for past 24 hours - 16 January: Ukraine warns of Russian military build-up as a wave of violence threatens all-out conflict in the country's east - 16 January: Six Ukrainian soldiers killed, 18 injured for the past 24 hours - 17/18 January: Three Ukrainian soldiers killed for the past 24 hours, as OSCE mission comes under fire again and explosions rock Donetsk airport - 19 January: Ukrainian positions in Donbas shelled 99 times by separatists using mortars, grenade launchers, artillery and Grad multiple missile launching systems in past 24 hours - 19 January: Pro-Russia separatists shelled Debaltseve, wounding 10 civilians on Monday morning - 19 January: Pro-Russia separatists renewed attacks on Ukrainian forces at Donetsk airport complex after Ukraine launched a mass operation to reclaim lost ground - 20 January: Ukrainian positions were shelled 102 times by pro-Russia separatists using mortars, grenade launchers, artillery and Grad multiple missile launching systems within last 24 hours - 20 January: About 800 Russian military as part of two battalion task groups invaded the Ukrainian territory on Monday, Andriy Lysenko says - 21 January: Debaltseve shelled by the 'DPR' pro-Russia separatists, OSCE says - 22 January: Ukrainian military repel attack of pro-Russia separatists near Mariupol - 22 January: Debaltseve and Avdiyivka under shelling of pro-Russia separatists early Thursday - 22 January: 16 Ukrainian soldiers wounded and captured in Donetsk airport - 23 January: Transport stop in Donetsk shelled with mortar or artillery, killing eight people and wounding 13, OSCE says - 23 January: Ukrainian forces shelled 115 times for past 24 hours - 23 January: Ukrainian forces fight off attacks by pro-Russia separatists and Russian troops northwest of Luhansk - 23 January: Launching offensive pro-Russian separatists reject peace deal, saying they have now enough resources to advance - 24 January: During the night separatists carried out 27 attacks on positions held by Ukrainians - 24 January: One Ukrainian soldier killed and 20 servicemen wounded in Donbas in last 24 hours - 24 January: Several shells fired by terrorists hit the market area Kyivsky in Mariupo, killing and wounding civilians in their houses and on the street - 24 January: Putin is personally responsible for killed civilians during the artillery shelling in Mariupol, Oleksandr Turchynov says - 25 January: Russia blocks UNSC condemnation of indiscriminate shelling of Mariupol - 26 January: Ukrainian forces repel attack by heavily armed separatists near Pisky in Donetsk region - 26 January: Ukraine's SBU has evidences of Russia's shelling in Mariupol - 27 January: Artillery attacks on Mariupol on Saturday were carried out from the territory controlled by pro-Russian separatists, Nato's Jens Stoltenberg says - 27 January: In past 24 hour period two civilians killed and four wounded in Donetsk region, nine Ukrainian soldiers killed and 29 wounded in Donbas, and Ukrainian positions shelled by separatists 120 times - 28 January: Pro Russian separatists fired at Ukrainian military 126 times last night - 29 January: Russia delivers trains of ammunition to Donbas, Ukraine's Dmytro Tymchuk says - 29 January: Three civilians killed and ten wounded as a result of heavy shelling in Donetsk for the past 24 hours - 30 January: Pro-Russian separatists shell Mariupol suburbs with artillery - 30 January: Civilians die in artillery fire in Donetsk as pro-Russia separatists call off peace talks - 31 January: Ukrainian government hopes talks will go ahead despite renewed violence - 31 January: Seven dead civilians found under rubble in Debaltseve, Ukraine's NSDC says - 31 January: 15 Ukrainian servicemen killed in Donbas in past 24 hours - 31 January: Pro-Russia separatists continue shelling of Debaltseve, which has already killed 12 people, as volunteers and police evacuate civilians under shelling
February 2015: 1 February 2015: Talks between pro-Russian separatists and Ukraine 'thwarted' after separatists leaders stayed away and their negotiators refused to discuss a plan for an immediate ceasefire, Leonid Kuchma told news agency - 2 February: Ukraine's Poroshenko demands Russian regime's official reaction to failure of Minsk talks - 2 February: Five Ukrainian servicemen killed, 29 injured in Donbas in past 24 hours - 2 February: Pro-Russia separatists shelled 35 settlements in past 24 hours - 3 February: Leader of the pro-Russian self-proclaimed 'Donetsk People's Republic' Zakharchenko says 'miserable Jews' running Ukraine - 4 February: OSCE calls for three-day truce in Debaltseve in view of humanitarian situation and to allow the evacuation of the civilian population - 4 February: Two Ukrainian servicemen killed, 18 wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 4 February: Five people killed in shelling of Donetsk hospital - 6 February: Civilians start evacuating from Debaltseve through corridor, Ukrainian police says - 6 February: OSCE reports large-scale movements of military equipment in Luhansk and surrounding areas by Russian-backed separatists - 7 February: France, Germany and Russia agree to draft Ukraine peace plan that would include Ukrainian proposals - 7 February: Southeastern outskirts of Debaltseve and Sanzharivka shelled with mortars, Popasna and Nova Hryhorivka shelled with Grad multiple rocket launchers, Ukrainian positions were shelled 29 times and five Ukrainian servicemen were killed and 26 injured over past 24 hours - 8 February: As Lavrov says in Munich that Russian regime wants peace, Russian-backed separatists intensify shelling of Ukrainian forces on all front lines and appear to be amassing assailants for new attacks on Debaltseve and Mariupol - 8 February: Debaltseve residents flee to Kiev after intense attacks on their city - 9 February: Nine Ukrainian servicemen killed, 26 wounded by Russian-backed separatists over past 24 hours - 9 February: Seven civilians killed and three civilians injured in Debaltseve and Avdiyivka by Russian backed shelling last Sunday - 9 February: Fifteen hundred Russian soldiers and more than three hundred pieces of military equipment reportedly crossed Ukrainian-Russian border in the Izvaryne checkpoint - 10 February: Seven Ukrainian servicemen were killed and 23 wounded in Donbas over past 24 hours - 11 February: At least 15 civilians died as a result of rocket attack by Russian-backed militants in east Ukraine's Kramatorsk - 11 February: 'Judging by the amount of ammunitions, typical armaments it is absolutely clear that there is a direct Russian military intervention in the region of Debaltseve', Nato's general Ben Hodges says - 12 February: Russian-backed militants continue to shell Donetsk region - 12 February: Ukrainian checkpoint, the outskirts, the port and industrial city of Mariupol shelled and attacked by Russian-backed militants with mortars, artillery and Grad rockets - 12 February: After separatists refused to sign an agreement, Minsk summit agreed ceasefire - Minsk II - on 11/12 February 2015 Ukraine, Russia, France and Germany agreed in Minsk to a package of measures to alleviate the ongoing war in the Donbass region of Ukraine - 12 February: Seven drones spotted in Donbas conflict zone - 12 February: Fierce fighting reported near Lohvinove and Debaltseve, as Russian-backed militants still attempt to take control over the highway - 13 February: Fresh rounds of artillery fire hit towns in east Ukraine ahead of Sunday truce - 13 February: Eight Ukrainian soldiers die and 34 were wounded in Donbas conflict zone in the past 24 hour period despite peace deal - 13 February: The number of Russian soldiers who invaded Ukraine is over 10,000, Ukraine's Petro Mekhed says - 14 February: Gunmen's Grad rocket attacks killed 14 civilians in the Donbas conflict zone on Friday - 14 February: Fighting in eastern Ukraine throws doubts on Minsk ceasefire deal, as the USA says Russia is still deploying heavy arms and Kiev warns that shelling of civilians has intensified - 14 February: On Saturday morning, pro-Russia gunmen attacked Sartana, a village near the city of Mariupol, killing one civilian and destroying houses - 15 February: Ukraine records ten attacks on its positions following ceasefire announcement - 15 February: Two civilians in Popasna in Luhansk region were killed by rockets fired by Russian-backed militants shortly after the start of a ceasefire in east Ukraine, but firing halted along most of the frontline, Ukrainian official Hennadiy Moskal says - 16 February: Debaltseve was shelled again by Russian-backed militants on Monday, among the ruined houses is the town's police station building - 16 February: Russian-backed militants reinforce troops in Horlivka 25 kilometers northeast of Donetsk, Ukraine's Dmytro Tymchuk says - 16 February: Five Ukrainian servicemen killed, 25 injured in Donbas since start of Sunday ceasefire - 16 February: Russian-backed militants shelled Debaltseve for 88 times despite ceasefire, as Ukrainian spokesman says militants received the order to capture Debaltseve - 17 February: The Ukrainian army will not start to withdraw heavy artillery until shelling is completely ceased, Ukraine's Oleksandr Rozmaznin says - 17 February: Satellite images, digital detective work and social media provide strongest evidence yet of Russian crossborder shelling of Ukrainians, according to investigation - 18 February: Battles rage around villages of Troitske and Chornukhine in Luhansk region
16 January – 18 February 2015 Battle of Debaltseve, intensified attacks and seizure by Russian-backed militants after Minsk II ceasefire agreement on 12 February 2015 - 18 February: Russian-backed militants reportedly have seized important rail hub in Debaltseve - 18 February 2015: Russian-backed militants advancing in eastern Ukraine despite ceasefire use modern weapons and not the old Soviet arms as Russia says, according to Nato - 19 February: Russian-backed militants in Donbas violated 'ceasefire' 46 times using multiple rocket launchers, artillery and mortars in past 24 hours - 19 February: Ukraine's NSDC approves appeal to deploy UN and EU peacekeepers in Donbas conflict zone - 19 February: Russian regime and separatists reportedly reject Ukrainian call for UN peacekeepers in Donbas - 19 February: Russian-backed militants send reinforcements to frontline east of Mariupol - 19 February: Despite 'ceasefire' 14 Ukrainian servicemen have been killed and 172 have been injured in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 20 February: Russian-backed militants violate 'ceasefire' 49 times in past 24 hours, concentrating their fire attacks at settlements in the Donetsk region - 21 February: Russian backed attacks on railway hub Debaltseve leave residents counting cost of war - 21 February: Russian-backed militants in eastern Ukraine continue to shell positions of Ukrainian troops and peaceful settlements, shelling Ukrainian positions 41 times in past day - 22 February: OSCE calls for more access to verify weapons withdrawal in east Ukraine, as Russian-backed forces have ignored the Minsk II ceasefire deal and Russian army's military equipment captured by Ukrainian forces showcased in new Kyiv exhibition - 23 February: Explosive device in Kharkiv that killed two people and injured 11 on Sunday detonated remotely, OSCE says - 23 February: Russian-backed militants fire at Ukrainian military 44 times despite 'ceasefire' and including the use of heavy military equipment - 23 February: New types of weapons reportedly used to shell Ukrainian troops near Mariupol - 23 February: On Monday morning Ukraine military says cannot withdraw heavy weapons as attacks persist - 24 February: According to a UN report, at least 5,793 people killed and 14,595 wounded during war in Donbas, more than a million people displaced, while indiscriminate shelling continues despite Minsk II ceasefire - 24 February: Russian-backed militants constantly shelled Ukrainian positions during the last night, battle near Shyrokyne reported - 26 February: OSCE criticizes the actions of Russian-backed militants, who not only violate the Minsk agreements, but also refuse to 'grant unlimited, safe access' to OSCE monitors in Donbas - 27 February: Russian-backed militants fire at Ukrainians about 30 times in past 24 hours violating the ceasefire and shelling positions of Ukrainian troops near Opytne, Vodiane and Pisky with artillery - 28 February: Ukrainian soldiers and locals in villages near Mariupol say they don't believe in ceasefire deal as Russian-backed militants relocate their troops
March 2015: 1 March: Ukrainian journalist Serhiy Nikolayev killed by shelling in east Ukraine on Saturday, even as the Ukrainian military reported a significant drop in attacks by Russian-backed militants - 2 March: During the last days Russian-backed separatists reportedly fired twice at Ukrainian positions in the area of Debaltseve, also restoring fighting capacity of its units and regrouping them - 2 March: Heavy weaponry and foreign militants, including from the Russian Federation, are being sent to the areas in Donetsk and Luhansk regions, UN's Armen Harutyunyan says - 2 March: Ukraine Ceasefire regular updates - 3 March: Three Ukrainian soldiers reportedly killed in past 24 hours - 3 March: Russian-backed separatists disguise how and where Russian arms moved, OSCE says - 3/4 March 2015: Britain, France, Germany, Italy, EU head Donald Tusk and USA called for a 'strong reaction' from the international community to any major violation of a ceasefire in eastern Ukraine as they seek to further pressure Russia over the conflict - 4 March: Russian-backed militants reportedly continue firing on Ukrainian positions - 4 March: OSCE says no intact buildings in Debaltseve after Russian-backed invasion despite Minsk II ceasefire - 4 March: 19 soldiers killed during withdrawal from Debaltseve, 12 missing and 135 soldiers received injuries of varying degrees of severity, Ukrainian army says - 5 March: Russian-backed separatists reportedly violated the Minsk II ceasefire with 40 attacks on Ukrainian troops' positions and civilian targets, including 17 artillery attacks, one Ukrainian serviceman killed and another wounded - 5 March: Donetsk residents rescue belongings from ruins during fragile ceasefire - 6 March: Russian-backed militants attacked Ukrainain positions in east Ukraine 14 times overnight and the city of Mariupol believed to be a key target despite ceasefire, Ukrainian military says - 6 March: Slobozhanshchyna special police commander Yanholenko and his wife injured in car blast in Kharkiv - 7 March: Russian-backed separatists shell Ukrainian army 46 times over past 24 hours in Donbas conflict zone - 9 March: Nato's Philip Breedlove warns that Russian army is still in Ukraine despite Minsk peace deal - 10 March: Russian-backed militants reportedly continue to fire at positions of Ukrainian troops with small arms and heavy infantry weapons - 10 March: Russian-backed separatists on Monday reportedly used mortars and a tank to fire on government positions near the eastern port of Mariupol - 10 March: 64 Ukrainian soldiers have been killed in eastern Ukraine since Minsk II ceasefire deal almost a month ago and a total of 1,549 Ukrainian soldiers have been killed since the start of the agression almost 11 months ago, President Poroshenko says - 11 March: Ukrainian army says Russian-backed separatists amassing heavy artillery around Donetsk and sniper fire increased in recent days - 11 March: USA State Department confirms that the Russian side in the last days continues to deliver heavy weapons to the occupied territories of eastern Ukraine and to concentrate additional forces on the border - 12 March: Heavy weapons and small arms still used around the Donetsk airport and Shyrokyne, OSCE says - 13 March: Two Ukrainian military injured in Donbas in past 24 hours, as Russian-backed separatists continue shelling Ukrainian army positions near Mariupol despite ceasefire - 13 March: There are only 15-20% of Ukrainian citizens in the Russian-controlled illegal armed groups, who have seized a number of Donbas districts, and over 80% of separatists are Russians, Andriy Lysenko says - 15 March: Ukrainian soldiers in Donetsk region say Russian-backed militants continue shelling - 16 March: 'The truth is that the (Minsk II) agreement doesn't work', President Poroshenko says in an interview calling to increase pressure on Russian regime - 16 March: One Ukrainian soldier has been killed in Donbas in past 24 hours, Ukraine's Andriy Lysenko says - 17 March: Three Ukrainian soldiers reportedly killed and another five injured in Donbas over the last 24 hours - 18 March: Russia continues arming 'LPR' and 'DPR', creating resources for further attacks, Ukraine's Dmytro Tymchuk says - 18 March: The process of formation and deployment of a peacekeeping mission in Ukraine can last at least six months, Ukraine's Valeriy Chaly says, giving voice to the hope 'that not only the UN but also the European countries will participate' - 19 March: Russian-backed militants continue to violate ceasefire, 17 attacks over past 24 hours in Donbas - 20 March: In the region of Donetsk airport, Stanitsia Luhanska and Shyrokyne, 40 attacks on Ukrainian positions were observed over the past day - 21 March: Nine attacks on Ukrainian troops in eastern Ukraine registered overnight, as Russian-backed militants continue shelling Pisky and Shyrokyne - 21 March: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed, seven wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 23 March: Russian-backed militants continue shelling Ukrainian troops in Donbas, using weapons which should have been withdrawn - 23 March: Over the past day six Ukrainian soldiers injured in Donbas as a result of shelling - 24 March: Fighting continues in the village of Shyrokyne, usually a magnet for tourists, close to Mariupol as Russian-backed separatists continue to fire with weapons which were supposed to be withdrawn as part of Minsk peace deal - 25 March: Fighting continues around city of Mariupol in east Ukraine igniting fears of spread of fighting along frontline - 26 March: Russian-backed militants violate Minsk II ceasefire 10 times overnight - 27 March: About 50-60% of buildings in Shyrokyne in Volnovakha district destroyed by shelling, OSCE says - 27 March: Russian-backed militants continue to fire on Ukrainian forces with artillery in Donbas - 28 March: At night, Russian-backed militants have shelled the city of Avdiyivka with mortars and small arms, as other militants fired on Ukrainian positions eight times - 28 March: Russian-backed militants shelled Novotoshkivske in Luhansk region with Grads at night - 29 March: Russian-backed militants are using grad rockets on Ukrainian positions and half of rockets reportedly land in residential areas - 30 March: 22 Russian tanks entered the territory of Ukraine on 28 March, heading from Rostov region to Sverdlovsk in Luhansk region, Ukraine's Valentyn Fedychev says - 30 March: Russian-backed militants shell civilians in the town of Horlivka in Donetsk region using Grad multiple rocket launchers - 31 March: Number of attacks by militants in Donbas gradually decreases, but terrorist groups not controlled by anyone continue launching occasional armed provocations, Ukrainian press center says - 31 March: At least 20 fresh craters from Grad missiles near the village of Novotoshkivske in Luhansk region observed by OSCE - 31 March: One Ukrainian soldier wounded in Donbas conflict zone in past 24 hours as a result of shelling
April 2015: 1 April: Fighting continued near Donetsk airport, OSCE says - 2 April: Russian-backed separatists continue to violate the Minsk agreements, firing on positions of the Ukrainian military 10 times at night using withdrawn weapons - 3 April: Russian-backed separatists shell Maiorske, Leninske, Luhanske for 24 hours and OSCE observes continued violations of the ceasefire in Donbas - 4 April: Russian-backed militants reportedly shelled the outskirts of Mariupol with mortars at night, as a mine planted by militants near Avdiyivka in Donetsk region killed three Ukrainian soldiers and injured two - 6 April: Six Ukrainian troops were killed by landmines on Sunday as war marks year - 6 April: Russian-backed militants violate ceasefire 14 times in Donbas at night - 7 April: Russian-backed militants fire on Ukrainian soldiers with mortars at night - 8 April: Russian-backed militants shelled positions of Ukrainian military 23 times at night, two Ukrainian soldiers were killed and another four wounded in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 9 April: Russian-backed militants continue shelling of Ukrainian positions along the contact line in Donbas at night - 10 April: Russian-backed militants shell Ukrainian troops 21 times using 'withdrawn' mortars at night - 11 April: At night Russian-backed militants fired on Ukrainian troops along the contact line 20 times and shelled the village of Pisky with 120mm mortars - 12 April: NATO accuses Russian regime of continuing to supply the militants in east Ukraine with more weapons and troops - 13 April: Fighting picks up in eastern Ukraine, OSCE reports - 13 April: One Ukrainian soldiers loses his life, six others wounded in Donbas, as villages around Mariupol continue to be the sites of the heaviest fighting - 15 April: Russian-backed militants shell Ukrainian positions 38 times overnight - 15 April: One Ukrainian soldier killed, two wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 16 April: Number of violations of the ceasefire in Donbas has slightly decreased at night - 16 April: Six Ukrainian soldiers have been wounded in Donbas during the last day - 16 April: OSCE has observed a number of violations of the truce, mainly in the area of the Donetsk airport - 17 April: Russian-backed militants violated the ceasefire 15 times at night, also transporting heavy artillery to Debaltseve, Ukraine's Valentyn Fedychev says - 17 April: Russian-backed militants break ceasefire seven times over past 24 hours - 18 April: Units of Russian army in Donbas identified - 18 April 2015: At least 6,116 people, both military personnel and civilians, have been killed, another 15,500 wounded since start of the conflict in eastern Ukraine in 2014, UNHCHR says urging to respect the Minsk agreements - 19 April: Ukrainian military repel militant attack on Trehizbenka village, two Ukranian servicemen and two civilians wounded - 20 April: Russian-backed militants shell Ukrainian forces six times at night - 20 April: New UN figures show 1.2 million people displaced by east Ukraine conflict as ceasefire violations continue - 20 April: Russian-backed militants turn Luhansk into large military camp - 21 April: Russian-backed militants fire on Ukrainian forces 17 times at night - 22 April: Russian-backed militants violate ceasefire 20 times at night - 23 April: Russian-backed militants violate truce 32 times at night - 23 April: Number of militants' shelling along contact line reportedly increased - 23 April: Russia is building up forces along border with Ukraine, USA State Department says amid growing concern - 23 April: OSCE observers prevented by Russian-backed militants from accessing Shyrokyne's eastern part - 23 April: Witnessing the use of heavy weapons on Ukrainian positions by Russian-backed militants, BBC team comes under fire in Shyrokyne - 24 April: Russian-backed militants violated the ceasefire 21 times at night - 24 April: One Ukrainian soldier wounded near the village of Shastya in Donbas over the last day - 25 April: One Ukrainian soldier killed, two wounded in Donbas conflict zone in the last day - 27 April: Russian-backed militants fire on Ukrainian military positions 23 times at night - 27 April: One Ukrainian soldier killed and three wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 28 April: Russian-backed militants fired on Ukrainian positions along the contact line 22 times at night, including shelling of residential areas, using heavy artillery and multiple rocket launchers in attacks - 28 April: One Ukrainian soldier killed and 14 wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 29 April: Russian-backed militants fire on Ukrainian positions and residential areas 29 times at night - 29 April: Russian-backed militants fired a series of artillery volleys at the Ukrainian-controlled town of Dzerzhynsk - 30 April: Russian-backed militants fired on the positions of Ukrainian forces along the contact line 29 times at night - 30 April: One Ukraine soldier killed, four wounded as Russian-backed militants break ceasefire and fire on Ukrainian positions at least 50 times on Thursday
May 2015: 1 May 2015: Two soldiers killed and two wounded after Russian-supported separatists used heavy arms expressly prohibited by the February Minsk truce agreement - 2 May: Russian-backed militants violated the ceasefire 32 times, using mortars and 122 mm artillery, at night in Donbas - 3 May: Eight Ukrainian soldiers are killed in past week, and another 40 wounded in attacks by pro-Russia separatists as a Ukrainian soldier was killed this weekend - 4 May: In Luhansk region two Ukrainian army servicemen killed and another three injured when their armored personnel carrier drove over a landmine - 4 May: Russian-backed militants violated the ceasefire 56 times using rocket launchers and artillery at night and carried out 95 attacks in past 24 hours - 4 May: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed and another five injured in Donbas over the last day - 4 May: Fighting continues in eastern Ukraine as militants shell Ukrainian positions and OSCE observers report Russian-backed forces breaking ceasefire dozens of time - 5 May: 27 cases of ceasefire violations by the Russian-backed militants reported at night - 6 May: Russian-backed militants violate ceasefire more than 40 times overnight - 7 May: Russian-backed militants violated the ceasefire 32 times on 6 May - 7 May: Russian-backed militants violated the ceasefire 11 times at night, using large mortars and grenade launchers - 7 May: In Minsk Trilateral Contact Group agreed to send observers from each subgroup to the contact line in Donbas - 8 May 2015: Russian-backed militants violate ceasefire more than 40 times in past 24 hours, including attacks with the use of heavy weapons - 8 May 2015: At least 2 Ukrainian soldiers killed and scores injured in an attack on Ukrainian positions north of Debaltseve by Russian-backed militants - 8 May 2015: Donetsk outskirts shelled on Friday 8 May - 8 May: Nearly 7,000 civilians have been killed in the war in eastern Ukraine between government forces and Russian-backed separatists, Ukraine's Poroshenko says - 11 May: Russian-backed militants launched multiple attacks in east Ukraine overnight using banned weapons - 12 May: Russian-backed militants shell Ukrainian forces 13 times in Mariupol direction over past 24 hours - 12 May: Seventy Russian paratroopers, at least 17 of them being the residents of Ivanovo town, were killed in the battle near Debaltseve in January-February 2015, report of friends of killed Boris Nemtsov says - 13 May: Ten Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas conflict zone in past 24 hours - 14 May: Over the past day Russian-backed militants reportedly have not reduced the number of attacks in Donbas, concentrating attacks on Donetsk sector - 14 May: Four Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas in last day - 15 May: Russian-backed militants shell villages of Opytne, Pisky, Karlivka, Starohnativka, the town of Avdiyivka, Butivka mine and settlements in Luhansk region overnight, in the Donetsk direction gunmen in military uniforms fire on Ukrainian positions and residential areas - 15 May: Two Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas in last day - 16 May: Russian-backed militants in eastern Ukraine continue to fire on Ukrainian positions, despite Minsk truce agreement - 16 May: One Ukrainian serviceman killed, another three wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 17 May: Frontline fighting rattles residents of Krymske in Luhansk region - 17 May: Three Ukrainian serviceman killed and 17 wounded in fresh Russian-backed separatist attacks in eastern Ukraine - 18 May: Ukrainian MP releases video of Russian serviceman, captured in Donbas on 16 May - 18 May: Ukraine shows OSCE evidence of violations of Minsk peace deal by Russian-backed forces and their use of heavy weapons - 18 May: Russian-backed militants have continued to destroy the infrastructure of Donbas, shelling Ukrainian positions and residential areas overnight - 19 May: Two Russian paratroopers captured near Shastia town in Luhansk region will be put on trial for involvement in a terrorist organization, Ukraine's Markiyan Lubkivsky says - 19 May: Russian-backed militants continue attacks on villages and Ukrainian positions in Donbas using artillery, mortars, tanks, machine guns and small arms at night - 19 May: Ten Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas conflict zone in last day - 20 May: Almost 1,800 Ukrainian military and nearly 7,000 civilians killed in Donbas since 2014, Ukraine's Poroshenko says - 20 May: Over night Russian-backed militants have not stop shelling Ukrainian positions and residential areas using tanks, artillery, mortars, grenade launchers, heavy machine guns and other weapons - 21 May: Russian-backed militants continue to destroy the infrastructure of Donbas and shell Ukrainian positions, mostly with mortars, artillery of prohibited calibers and other weapons - 22 May: Russian-backed militants continued shelling of Ukrainian positions whole day on Thursday - 22 May: At least one civilian killed in shelling as east Ukraine fighting intensifies - 22 May: Three Ukrainian soldiers killed, 12 wounded in Donbas during the last day - 23 May: Russians seized in Ukraine told Russian weekly 'Novaya Gazeta' that they were in Ukraine on a mission for the Russian military - 23 May: One Ukrainian soldier killed, five wounded in Donbas during the last day - 24 May: Civilians caught in the crossfire in east Ukraine, as the Ukrainian army says Russian-backed militants continue to break ceasefire - 25 May: One Ukrainian servicemen killed, another five wounded over the past 24 hours in eastern Ukraine, as Russian-backed militants continue to use banned weapons - 26 May: Russian-backed militants continue to shell Ukrainian positions in Donbas - 26 May: One Ukrainian serviceman killed and another wounded when pro-Russian separatists attacked a military ambulance near Luhansk - 27 May: Russian-backed militants shell Ukrainian positions using anti-tank guided missiles overnight - 27 May: Ukrainian soldier Evhen Marchuk killed and several wounded, as Russian-backed militants continue to ignore ceasefire and shell the town of Zolote in Luhansk region - 27 May: Three civilians killed and another four injured as a result of an attack by Russian-backed militants on the town of Horlivka in Donetsk region - 28 May: Russian-backed militants continue to shell Ukrainian positions along contact line in eastern Ukraine during the last day and overnight - 29 May: Using mortars, rocket-propelled grenades, heavy machine guns and small arms, Russian-backed militants continue to shell Ukrainian positions in all directions - 29 May: Russian-backed militants renew their attacks in the area of the Donetsk airport - 29 May: Rejecting appeals to cancel local elections, Ukraine's Poroshenko says, that fair elections in Donbas are precondition for peace - 30 May: Militants launch 14 attacks on Ukrainian forces for past 24 hours, using mortars, grenade launchers, small arms, as well as weapons, prohibited by the Minsk agreements - 31 May: Ukrainian troops repel militants' attacks on Triokhizbenka, Shchastia in east Ukraine
- 2 June: Since the beginning of the war in Donbas, 6362 people have been killed, another 16,000 injured, UN monitoring team says - 3 June: OSCE repeatedly reported that Russia has been transporting coal from Donetsk and Luhansk region - 3 June: OSCE spots armed men with marked Russian uniforms near Donetsk, also observing military equipment with Russian license plates - 3 June: Militants shell positions of the Ukrainian troops in the Mariupol sector using 'withdrawn' weapons all day on Tuesday - 3 June: Russian-backed militants concentrate fire on Donetsk sector at night - 3 June: Ukrainian military forced to use artillery following attacks launched by Russian-backed militants near Maryinka and Krasnohorivka in Donetsk region - 4 June: A large amount of heavy weapons transported in areas controlled by militants, OSCE says - 4 June: At least five Ukrainian soldiers have died and dozens were wounded in battle near Donetsk over the past 24 hours - 4 June: Russian-owned firms reportedly smuggle supplies to militant-occupied territories in Donbas - 4 June: Fighting near Maryinka in eastern Ukraine is the most serious violation of the Minsk agreements by Russian-backed separatists, EU says - 5 June: Shelling continues, skirmish breaks out near Maryinka, combined Russian-separatist forces reportedly attack the village of Sokilnyky, Donetske and Krymske, using grenade launchers, mortars and anti-aircraft systems - 5 June: Four Ukrainian soldiers wounded in last day in Donbas - 6 June: Militants shell Ukrainian positions 30 times overnight, mostly in Donetsk region - 6 June: One Ukrainian soldier killed, ten wounded in Donbas in last day - 7 June: Ukrainian officials and OSCE confirm fresh attacks and violations of Minsk agreements by Russian-backed militants in Donbas ahead of G7 leaders meeting - 8 June: Russian-backed separatists continue to violate ceasefire using heavy artillery on Sunday, and escalating the situation in Artemivsk sector at night - 8 June: Seven Ukrainian soldiers died after their vehicle hit an anti-tank mine near Krasnohorivka - 8 June: Ten Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas conflict zone in last day - 9 June: Russians make up 60% of militants in Donbas, Ukraine's Viktor Yahun says - 9 June: Russian-backed separatists shell Ukrainian positions more than 40 times overnight - 9 June: Ukraine registers 1.3 million displaced persons from Donbas and Crimea - 9 June: Eight Ukrainian soldiers killed, five wounded as a result of active hostilities in Donbas in last day - 10 June: Seven Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas for past 24 hours - 11 June: Militants shell positions of Ukrainian forces 35 times overnight - 11 June: Militants block last checkpoint in occupied territory of Luhansk - 11 June: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed, 13 wounded in Donbas conflict zone in last day - 12 June: OSCE notices armed children at militant roadblocks - 12 June: Russian-backed militants shell Ukrainian positions almost 30 times overnight - 12 June: Ten Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas conflict zone in last day - 13 June: Six Ukrainian soldiers killed by Russian-backed militants and 14 wounded in last 24 hours as situation is particularly tense around Donetsk airport and skirmishes continue despite Minsk ceasefire - 14 June: Ukrainian soldiers repel new attack by Russian-backed militants on Maryinka - 14 June: One Ukrainian soldier killed and 21 wounded in eastern Ukraine over the last 24 hours - 15 June: OSCE observers report further violations of weapons withdrawal - 15 June: Russian-backed militants continue to shell Ukrainian troops and places in Donbas, attacking the town of Maryinka and the surrounding areas - 15 June: Russian-backed militants shell positions of Ukrainian troops and settlements of Donbas 40 times overnight - 16 June: 33 attacks by Russian-backed militants reported in last day, almost all near Donetsk, as OSCE reports almost 600 explosions near Donetsk airport and militants' activity increases overnight - 16 June: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed, five wounded over last 24 hours - 17 June: Over the last day, Russian-backed militants have shelled Ukrainian positions forces and homes of civilians 58 times - 18 June: In past 24 hours Russian-backed militants shelled the positions of Ukrainian troops along the contact line 79 times using all types of weaponry available to them - 19 June: During the night Russian-backed militants shelled Ukrainian positions in Donbas and residential areas 55 times using Grad MLRS, artillery, combat vehicles, small arms and rocket-propelled grenades, as OSCE reports 120 explosions in LPR-controlled territory - 19 June: More than 6,200 people have been killed since April 2014, as Russian and Russian-backed militants continue shelling in Donbas - 20 June: Seven Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas conflict zone in last day - 21 June: Russian-backed militants continue shelling Ukrainian troops - 22 June: Russian-backed militants shell Ukrainian positions and peaceful settlements 85 times over past 24 hours, as Donetsk direction remains the epicenter of tension - 22 June: Two Ukrainian servicemen killed, another three wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 23 June: One Ukrainian soldier killed, other 12 wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 23 June: As of June 22, 2015, Ukraine officially registered increased number of 1.345.100 displaced persons or 1.057.132 families from Donbas and Crimea - 24 June: Militants shell Ukrainian positions and civilians 64 times in past 24 hours - 25 June: OSCE documents the tense situation near Donetsk airport and records about 140 new explosions near Donetsk - 25 June: Situation deteriorating near Mariupol, says Ukrainian military - 26 June: Over the past 24 hours, Russian-backed militants launched 86 attacks on positions of Ukrainian forces, 50 of them were launched near Donetsk - 26 June: One Ukrainian soldier killed, other three wounded in Donbas over past 24 hours - 27 June: Five Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas conflict zone in last day - 27 June: AP reports from the village of Krymske, where Russian-backed militants are probing weak spots in Ukraine's army defensive lines by daily shelling - 30 June: Russian-backed militants shell Ukrainian positions 83 times over past 24 hours in Ukraine's eastern regions - 30 June: Violence in Ukraine has killed 6,500 people in the past year, wounded 16,000 and left 5 million people in need of humanitarian aid, UN says
July 2015: 1 July 2015: Russian-backed militants attacked Ukrainian army positions and civilian areas in eastern Ukraine with the use of heavy weapons 53 times in the last day - 1 July: Fighting around Donetsk airport continues with increased intensity, OSCE says - 1 July: One Ukrainian serviceman killed, ten wounded in Donbas conflict zone over past 24 hours - 2 July: Russian-backed militants shell Ukrainian positions 54 times over past 24 hours - 3 July: Russian-backed militants shell Ukrainian forces three times in Donbas at night, as OSCE records 306 explosions near Donetsk airport but are criticised by government officials in eastern Ukraine for failing to adequately report repeated violations of the Minsk ceasefire - 4 July: Russian-backed militants continue to shell towns in eastern Ukraine during the last 24 hours, including Stanitsa Luhanska, Maryinka and Krasnohorovka, as more than 100 Ukrainian soldiers have died since the latest 'truce' went into effect in February - 4 July: One Ukrainian soldier killed and two wounded in Donbas over past 24 hours - 6 July: 20 Russian-backed militants' attacks reported overnight - 6 July: As Ukraine's Slovyansk and Kramatorsk celebrate anniversary of liberation from Russian-backed militants, OSCE observes concentrations of military hardware by the militants near Mariupol - 6 July: Three Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas conflict zone in last day - 7 July: Trilateral contact groups meets in Minsk to discuss Ukraine conflict - 7 July: Russian-backed militants shelled the positions of Ukrainian forces in Donbas 7,398 times for six months after signing the Minsk agreements - 7 July: Russian-backed militants attacked Ukrainian army positions and civilian areas in eastern Ukraine 26 times from Monday evening to midnight - 7 July: Three Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 8 July: OSCE Ukrainian representative Martin Sajdik expects specific results of Trilateral Contact Group meeting in two weeks - 8 July: Russian-backed militants shelled positions of Ukrainian forces 40 times only from 18:00 till 24:00 along the conflict line - 8 July: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed, other ten wounded in Donbas over past 24 hours - 9 July: Russian-backed militants shelled Ukrainian forces more than 20 times along the conflict line at night and continue their attacks in Ukraine's eastern regions - 10 July: Russian-backed militants shelled the positions of Ukrainian forces about 40 times along the conflict line at night - 10 July: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed, other ten wounded in Donbas over past 24 hours - 11 July: Russian-backed militants shell Ukrainian positions in Donbas 50 times over past 24 hours, 26 attacks were launched using weapons banned under the Minsk agreements - 11 July: Five Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas over past 24 hours - 12 July: Donetsk Russian-backed militants continue to build up military hardware, OSCE says - 13 July: Russian-backed militants attack Ukrainian army positions and civilian areas in eastern Ukraine 40 times overnight, using banned weapons 13 times - 14 July: Russian-backed militants launched more than 80 attacks on position of Ukrainian forces and peaceful settlements overnight - 15 July 2015: Russian-backed militants violate ceasefire regime one hundred times over past 24 hours - 15 July: Eight Ukrainian soldiers killed, other sixteen wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 16 July: Several civilians killed after Russian-backed militants shell village of Kodema, Artemivsk district, in Donbas, also shelling the positions of Ukrainian forces 90 times for the past 24 hours using weapons banned by the Minsk agreements 33 times - 17 July: Russian-backed militants attacked Ukrainian army positions and civilian areas in eastern Ukraine more than 60 times for past 24 hours, using banned weapons 23 times - 17 July: Two Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 18 July: Minsk agreements have to be fulfilled by year-end, Normandy Four say during telephone conversation, as Ukraine's Poroshenko says that Ukraine, unlike Russia, complied with the Minsk agreements - 18 July: Russian-backed militants launched about 60 attacks on Ukrainian positions, using weapons, prohibited by the Minsk agreements, more than 20 times - 18 July: Three civilians killed as Russian-backed militant forces shelled residential districts of the town of Avdiivka - 18 July: Russian-backed militants launch majority of attacks and provocations at night, wanting not to attract the attention of international monitors, Ukraine's Lysenko explains - 18 July: One Ukrainian soldier killed, five wounded in Donbas for past 24 hours - 20 July: Russian-backed militants shelled Ukrainian positions 75 times over past 24 hours - 21 July: Two women severely wounded after shelling of residential districts in the village of Maiorske in Donetsk region by Russian-backed militants - 21 July: Russian-backed militants launched more than 60 attacks on positions of Ukrainian troops for past 24 hours in Donbas - 21 July: One Ukrainian soldier killed, another one wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 22 July: The combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions and civilian areas in eastern Ukraine about 80 times in the last day - 22 July: Five Ukrainian soldiers injured in Donbas in past 24 hours - 23 July: Russian-backed militants shelled the positions of Ukrainian forces 86 times over past 24 hours, using howitzers and mortars prohibited by the Minsk agreements - 23 July: Seven Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 24 July: Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions and civilian areas 78 times in the last day - 24 July: One Ukrainian soldier killed in Donbas in past 24 hours - 25 July: Russian-backed militants intensified shelling on the positions of Ukrainian forces after dark, launching over 70 attacks on Ukrainian positions in past 24 hours - 25 July: One Ukrainian soldier wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 27 July: OSCE monitors come under fire in Ukraine's Luhansk region, as monitors approached a checkpoint controlled by Russian-backed militants - 27 July: On the night of July 27, the Russian-backed militants fired on the Vuhlehirsk thermal power station, forcing to halt its work - 27 July: The Russian-backed militants shelled Ukrainian positions and peaceful settlements in eastern Ukraine 86 times over past 24 hours - 27 July: One Ukrainian soldier killed in Donbas in past 24 hours - 28 July: Russian-backed separatists attacked Ukrainian army positions 82 times and civilian areas in eastern Ukraine five times over past 24 hours - 28 July: One Ukrainian soldier killed, twelve soldiers wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 29 July 2015: More than 6,800 people killed, over 17,000 people injured, 2,300 Ukrainian soldiers killed since 2014 in eastern Ukraine, and more than 1.4 million displaced, UN and Ukraine say - 29 July: Russian-backed militants attacked Ukrainian positions more than 80 times in Donbas for past 24 hours - 29 July: Two Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 30 July: Russian-backed separatists attacked Ukrainian positions 82 times and civilian areas in eastern Ukraine five times over past 24 hours - 30 July: Four Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 30 July: Two civilians and one Ukrainian military were killed as a result of the shelling of the town of Dzerzhynsk - 31 July: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 105 times over past 24 hours, violating international treaties and law again and again - 31 July: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed and seven soldiers injured in Donbas conflict zone in past 24 hours
August 2015: 1 August 2015: Russian-backed militants increased the number of shellings of Ukrainian positions near the cities of Donetsk and Artemivsk, also firing on peaceful residential areas in the night to Saturday 1 August - 1 August: OSCE observers claim Russian-backed militants shelled Ukrainian village of Krymske to provoke retaliation from Ukrainian troops - 3 August: Russian-backed militants attack Ukrainian army positions 99 times in past 24 hours, also shelling Stanytisa Luhanska and the village of Valuiske in Stanytisa Luhanska district - 3 August: Four Ukrainian soldiers killed, fifteen soldiers were wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 4 August: Russian-backed separatists continued attacking Ukrainian positions and residential areas 109 times overnight in eastern Ukraine - 3/4 August: Three Ukrainian soldiers killed, seven soldiers wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours by Russian-backed separatists - 5 August: Russian-backed separatists attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 81 times overnight, using banned weapons - 6 August 2015: Russian-backed separatists attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 65 times overnight, using banned weapons - 6 August: Five Ukrainian soldiers killed, six soldiers wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 7 August: Russian-backed militants attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 106 times overnight, including 78 attacks in the area of the city of Donetsk - 7 August: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed, seven soldiers wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 8 August: One Ukrainian soldier killed, nine wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 8 August: Russian-backed separatists attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 101 times overnight - 9 August: One Ukrainian soldier killed and 10 wounded in the Donbas conflict zone in eastern Ukraine in the past day - 10 August: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 127 times overnight, Ukrainian military spokesmen say - 11 August: The combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 95 times overnight - 11 August: One Ukrainian soldier killed, 13 soldiers wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 12 August: Russian-backed separatists attacked the Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 87 times overnight - 12 August: One Ukrainian soldier killed, three soldiers wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 13 August 2015: Russian-backed separatists intensified their attacks and fired almost all types of weapons on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 152 times on 12 August, including 102 times in the area of the militant-controlled city of Donetsk - 14 August: OSCE monitors in Ukraine have witnessed a sharp rise in attacks along the frontline, OSCE's Alexander Hug says - 14 August: Russian-backed separatists shelled Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 95 times on 13 August 2015 - 14 August: One Ukrainian solder killed, six soldiers wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 15 August: Russian-separatist forces shelled Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 175 times in the past 24 hours - 15 August: Three civilians killed in east Ukraine as government forces claimed Saturday that shelling by pro-Russian separatists hit a record high since the start of a tattered truce in February - 17 August: Two civilians killed, six wounded as Russian-backed militants shell the villages of Lebedinske and Sartana near Mariupol - 17 August: Russian-backed militants shelled Ukrainian positions in Donbas 148 times over past 24 hours - 17 August: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed, seven soldiers wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 18 August: Russian-backed separatists attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 86 times overnight - 19 August: Russian-backed militants attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 82 times overnight, using banned artillery systems four times - 20 August: Russian-backed militants shell Ukrainian positions 67 times over past 24 hours - 20 August: Four Ukrainian soldiers killed, 14 soldiers wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 21 August: Russian-backed militants shell Ukrainian positions 67 times over past 24 hours - 21 August: Fierce fighting continues Donetsk region, as intense attacks on Ukrainian positions occur near airport complex - 22 August: The combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 102 times overnight - 25 August: A grenade blast killed one child and injured three other children in the Donetsk region outside of the conflict zone - 25 August: Russian-backed militants shelled Ukrainian positions 77 times over past 24 hours - 25 August: The Security Service of Ukraine has identified the individual Olkhovsky who last week called in the strike for combined Russian-separatist forces directing shelling at civilians living in the village of Sartana near Mariupol, saying he was paid 30,000 rubles for directing the fire on Sartana, which killed two civilians, injuring severely a 10-year-old girl and destroying dozens of homes - 25 August: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed, nine wounded in Donbas in last day - 25 August: Four Ukrainian servicemen killed and 12 injured in mortar fire exchanges across the eastern separatist province of Donetsk - 25 August: Russian-backed militants launched three attacks on Ukrainian positions near Mariupol, two Ukrainian soldiers were reportedly killed - 26 August: Russian-backed militants shell Ukrainian positions 92 times over past 24 hours in eastern Ukraine - 26 August: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed, ten wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 26/27 August: Seven Ukrainian soldiers killed, 13 wounded in Donbas - 27 August: Russian-backed militants attack Ukrainian army positions 90 times overnight - 28 August: Russian-backed militants shell Ukrainian positions 109 times over past 24 hours - 28 August: Five Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas over past 24 hours - 29 August: Russian-backed militants shell Ukrainian positions 74 times over past 24 hours - 29 August: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed, three wounded in Donbas over past 24 hours - 30 August: Russian-militant forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 19 times overnight - 31 August: Ukrainian positions came under 16 attacks by Russian-backed militants in Donbas on Sunday and another three overnight - 31 August: Five Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas over past 24 hours
September 2015: 1 September 2015: Russian-backed militants shell Ukrainian positions 19 times over past 24 hours in Donbas - 2 September: Russian-backed militants attack Ukrainian positions five times overnight in Donbas - 2 September: A mobile group of volunteers working in the Luhansk region was attacked in an ambush outside of Shchastia, two persons were shot dead - 3 September: Ceasing systemic fire on Ukrainian positions over past day, Russian-backed militants violated the ceasefire ten times - 3 September: A year ago the September 2014 Minsk agreement was signed, but Russia-backed militants violated international agreements and laws and the result was thousands of victims as well as despair, devastation and repression of the innocent population, Ukrainian volunteers provide evidence - 3 September: One volunteer, one officer of the tax police killed and six soldiers wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 4 September: Ukrainian positions were attacked 5 times overnight - 4 September: One Ukrainian soldier killed, no soldiers wounded in Donbas over past 24 hours - 4 September: The body of a man reportedly killed by a landmine blast, was found near Taramchuk in the Donetsk region - 5 September: Russian-backed militants fired on residential areas of Maryinka, five houses destroyed - 5 September: Ukraine's military reported 19 militants' attacks overnight, mainly around Maryinka, Donetsk - 5 September: Russian-backed militants reportedly divided in Donetsk, as analysts argue that some self-styled authorities in occupied area preparing to accept Minsk truce - 7 September: The Russian-backed militants violated the ceasefire 12 times over past 24 hours - 8 September: Russian-backed militants violated the ceasefire three times over past 24 hours in Donbas - 8 September: One Ukrainian soldier killed, other two wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 9 September: Russian-backed militants shell Ukrainian positions four times over past 24 hours - 10 September: One Ukrainian soldier was wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 10 September: Ukrainian casualties reported in Luhansk region - 11 September: Despite the declared ceasefire, Russian-backed militants continue to fire at Ukrainian army positions and settlements in Donbas - 12 September: The combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine five times overnight - 14 September: The combined Russian-militant forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine eight times overnight - 16 September: Russian-backed militants continued sporadic shelling of Ukrainian positions, violating ceasefire nine times for past 24 hours - 17 September: Russian-backed militants violated ceasefire in Donbas three times on Wednesday's night - 18 September: Two Ukrainian soldiers were killed, five soldiers were wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 19 September: The OSCE observed a total of 28 explosions at and around 'Donetsk People’s Republic' controlled Donetsk airport - 21 September: One Ukrainian soldier injured near the water storage in Svitlodarsk in Donetsk region - 21 September 2015: 1,915 soldiers of the Armed Forces of Ukraine killed, another 7,053 wounded during the time of conduct of the anti-terrorist operation in Ukraine since 2014, including the period of occupation of Crimea - 23 September: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine nine times overnight, including attacks in Donetsk region - 24 September: Russian-backed militants violated ceasefire in Donbas four times for past 24 hours - 24 September: One Ukrainian soldier killed, two wounded in Donbas in last day - 24 September: One child died and several people were wounded following an explosion during the 'tank biathlon' competitions in the so-called ‘Donetsk People's Republic' in east Ukraine - 25 September 2015: Russian major Starkov, detained in July near Donetsk in a military truck full of ammunition, sentenced to 14 years in prison by Dzerzhynsk district court in Donetsk region - 25 September: One Ukrainian soldier wounded in Donbas for past 24 hours - 28 September: Despite the declared ceasefire, Russian-backed terrorists continue to fire at Ukrainian army positions and settlements in Donbas - 28 September: Four Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas for past 24 hours - 29 September: The combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine five times overnight - 30 September: Russian-backed militants attacked Ukrainian army positions using 120mm mortar in eastern Ukraine four times overnight - 30 September: Two Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas for past 24 hours
October 2015: 1 October: Reinforcements of the armed forces of the Russian Federation reportedly deployed near Mariupol, as roughly 1.000 new Russian military men located in the town of Novoazovsk in Donetsk region - 2 October: OSCE says spots deadly Russian mobile TOS-1 'Buratino' rocket system in eastern Ukraine for first time - 6 October: Despite the declared ceasefire, Russian-backed militants continue to fire at Ukrainian army positions and settlements in Donbas - 6 October: Russian-backed militants have announced that they will pospone local elections till the next year, as Ukraine and IMF discuss abolition of pseudo-elections in the occupied territories of Donbas for the stabilization of economic situation - 8 October: Four Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in east Ukraine as a result of a militant attack near the village of Troitske on October 7 - 8 October: Meeting of Trilateral Contact Group demanded after Russian-backed militants shelled a Ukrainian army checkpoint near Troitske and four Ukrainian soldiers were wounded - 8 October: Despite the declared ceasefire, Russian-backed militants continue to fire at Ukrainian army positions and settlements in Donbas - 9 October: Two Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas conflict zone in last day - 9 October: Russian-backed militants continue to fire at Ukrainian army positions and settlements in Donbas - 12 October: Russian-backed militants launched some armed provocations near Donetsk and Mariupol - 14 October: One Ukrainian soldier killed, three wounded in the anti-terrorist operation's area of Donbas over past 24 hours, Ukraine's Andriy Lysenko says - 18 October: Russian-led militants violate ceasefire, two Ukrainian soldiers wounded - 18 October: A weapons pullback across the frontline in eastern Ukraine halted after heads of the Russian-backed militants postponed the withdrawal of tanks in the Donetsk region until the 21 October - 21 October: One soldier was injured near Maryinka in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 22 October: Russian-led militants use hostages to blackmail Ukraine - 22 October: Over the last 24 hours one Ukrainian servicemen wounded due to the explosion of an explosive device near Zolote in Luhansk region - 23 October: Russian-backed militants resume attacks on Ukrainian forces in Pisky and Opytne - 24 October 2015: Denying thousands of civilians urgent medical care, self-proclaimed 'Donetsk People’s Republic' blacklists international medical aid charity 'Médecins sans Frontières' without giving reasons - 25 October 2015: Russian-backed militants in Donbas attacked the Ukrainian troops in the Anti-Terrorist Operation zone near the village of Pisky at night, using anti-aircraft systems and grenade launchers - 27 October: A Ukrainian soldier has been killed by fire from Russia-backed militants near the Donetsk airport - 28 October: Russian-backed militants have reportedly fired with heavy weapons of 120mm calibre despite the pullback agreement - 29 October: Russian-backed militants reportedly have been firing grenade launchers and machine guns at government troops near the eastern town of Avdiivka - 30 October: One Ukrainian soldier is wounded, the other one dies of wounds as Russian proxies resume fighting in Donbas, shelling Ukrainian positions near Pisky, close to the ruined Donetsk airport - 31 October: Over the past day, one Ukrainian soldier was killed and another one wounded in east Ukraine
3 November 2015: Russian-backed terrorists opened fire at the positions of Ukrainian soldiers three times, while the Ukrainian soldiers in compliance with the Minsk agreements didn’t return the fire - 5 November: The combined Russian-militant forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 12 times overnight - 6 November: The combined Russian-militant forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 13 times overnight - 6 November: Skirmishes between Donetsk Russian-backed militants resulted in at least 15 deaths, according to Ukrainian intelligence - 7 November: Russian-backed forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 13 times overnight, four military sappers were wounded while defusing a mine near Maryinka - 9 November: Russian-backed militants attack Ukrainian forces in Donbas in all sectors, violating truce - 10 November: Overnight Russian-backed forces have increased the number of attacks on Ukrainian positions using banned weapons, one Ukrainian soldier was killed and another six were wounded, Ukrainian intelligence spots convoy of tanks in Donetsk - 11 November: Russian-backed militants continued shelling Ukrainian positions in Donetsk and Artemivsk directions in eastern Ukraine over past 24 hours - 12 November: Russian-terrorist mercenaries reportedly used 82mm mortars to shell Ukrainian military positions outside Trokhizbenka in Luhansk direction - 13 November: Russian-backed militants opened fire 11 times upon Ukrainian positions overnight - 14 November: Five Ukrainian servicemen killed and four injured amid increasing ceasefire violations by Russian-backed militants in east Ukraine - 15 November: A Ukrainian serviceman killed and eight wounded in attacks by pro-Russian separatists in the past 24 hours - 16 November: Russian-backed militants continue to shell Ukrainian positions in Donetsk, Luhansk and Mariupol overnight - 17 November: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions and civilian settlements in eastern Ukraine 25 times overnight - 19 November: Russian-backed militants attack Ukrainian positions in Donbas 30 times overnight - 20 November: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 36 times overnight, mainly in the Donetsk sector - 21 November: Combined Russian-separatist forces shell Ukrainian positions using grenade launchers and heavy machine guns, wounding 3 Ukrainian soldiers - 22 November: Russian backed terrorists opened fire 40 times against Ukrainian defensive positions in eastern Ukraine over the past 24 hours - 23 November: Near Malynove two soldiers drove the car over an explosive device, killing one soldier and injuring the other - 23 November: Dozens of truce violations documented, as Russian-backed militants were shelling Ukrainian positions, focusing on the Donetsk sector and opening fire at the villages of Opytne, Maryinka, Pisky, Nevelske, Novhorodske and Avdiyivka. - 23 November: Ukraine-held areas near occupied Donetsk under dense fire - 24 November: Ex-militant abandons his position and switches to Ukraine's side - 24 November: Russian-backed separatists attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 30 times in all directions overnight - 24 November: Four Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas - 25 November: At night, Russian-backed terrorists continued shelling Ukrainian positions in all directions - 25 November: Ukrainian positions have come under fire some 18 times by Russian-backed militants near the towns of Avdiivka, Pisky, Artemivsk and Shyrokyne - 26 November: Tensions rise as Russian-backed militants exchange fire between themselves and as a barrage of rockets has been exchanged between two militant held towns of Spartak and Horlivka - 26 November: Russian-backed separatists shell Ukrainian troops 22 times overnight - 26 November 2015: OSCE monitors registered more than 570 explosions in Donetsk region on Tuesday - 27 November 2015: Russian-backed militants opened provocative fire 14 times at the positions of Ukrainian soldiers in the antiterrorist operation area in Donbas - 30 November: Russian-backed separatists attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 13 times overnight
December 2015: 1 December 2015: In the latest 24 hours, the Russian-backed separatists in Donbas actively attacked Donetsk city suburbs - 2 December: Russia is still actively supporting separatists in Ukraine, Nato says - 2 December: Some two dozen Russian-backed militants opened fire near Avdiivka in Donetsk region, Ukrainian government troops returned fire - 3 December: Russian-backed separatists launched six attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donetsk and Artemivsk directions - 3 November: Three Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas conflict zone in last day - 4 December: Russian-backed separatists' attacks were launched in Donetsk, Mariupol, and Artemivsk directions 14 times at night - 4 December: One Ukrainian soldier killed and another five were wounded in a landmine blast in Donetsk region - 5 December: Dozens more ceasefire violations reported on December 5 - 6 December: At least two Ukrainian servicemen were killed and three wounded near Horlivka in Donetsk region following a three-hour battle with Russian-backed militants who attacked their positions - 6 December: International monitors threatened by Russian-backed militants in Luhansk region - 7 December: Dozens of ceasefire violations by Russian-backed militants reported in Donetsk, Artemivsk and Luhansk areas - 7 December: Eight Ukrainian soldiers injured over the past 24 hours in Donbas - 7 December: Russian-backed 'separatists' reportedly remove equipment from the Makiyivka and Donetsk metallurgical plants and Khartsyzk Pipe plant to ship machinery to the Russian Federation - 8 December: Russian-backed terrorists continue shelling the positions of the Ukrainian military in all directions in Donbas - 9 décembre: Le conflit ukrainien a fait plus de 9000 morts, selon un nouveau bilan de L'ONU - 9 December: Pro-Russian militants continued violating the Minsk agreements in eastern Ukraine last night, shelling Ukrainian positions a total of 39 times - 9 December: Militants and arms still pour into east Ukraine from Russia, as UN says killings, torture and lawlessness still prevail in the militant controlled regions - 10 December: Dozens of ceasefire violations by pro-Russian militants have been recorded over the past 24 hours across the line of contact in eastern Ukraine - 11 December: The combined Russian-militant forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine about 40 times overnight - 12 December: Russian-backed militants fire at Ukrainian army almost 50 times overnight - 13 December: Russian-backed militants launch dozens of attacks and ceasefire violations against Ukrainian army along frontline - 14 December: Russian-backed militants continue shelling of Ukrainian positions in Donbas overnight - 16 December: Russian-backed separatists attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 20 times overnight, reportedly trying to provoke Ukrainian troops into firing back - 17 December: Militants of the pro-Russian illegal armed groups opened fire on Ukrainian army positions mainly in the Donetsk sector 20 times over the past day - 18 December: Russian-backed separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine about 20 times overnight - 18 December: Four Ukrainian soldiers wounded in the Donbas conflict zone in the last day - 18 December: Russian-backed militants have used Grad multiple rocket launchers to shell Novhorodske in Ukraine's eastern Donetsk region, also targeting a kindergarten and a primary school - 20 December: Ukrainian military reports that its forces had come under fire from Russian-backed militants some 63 times in the past 24 hours - 21 December: Russian-backed militants launch over 35 armed provocations against the Ukrainian servicemen in eastern Ukraine overnight - 22 December: Russian-backed militants violated ceasefire 39 times over past 24 hours in Donbas - 22 December: Combined Russian-separatist forces have occupied the strategic village Kominternovo near Mariupol - 23 December: Russian-backed militants shelled the Ukrainian positions over 20 times in eastern Ukraine - 24 December: Photography project captures striking images of Ukrainian amputee war veterans - 24 December: Hundreds of Russian trucks ferry unknown cargo to east Ukraine - 24 December: Russian-terrorists troops attacked Ukrainian positions 51 times in eastern Ukraine over past 24 hours - 24 December: Ukrainian troops shoot down Russian UAV, which had been investigating the forefront of the Ukrainian army near Kominternove, Donetsk region - 25 December: Mines, trip wires and improvised explosives were laid at Kominternove's entrance, preventing access for OSCE observers monitoring the ceasefire - 25 December: Russian-backed militants violated ceasefire 35 times in eastern Ukraine over past 24 hours - 25 December: Some Ukrainian prisoners of war reportedly freed in critical condition after brutal torture carried out by Russian-separatist forces - 26 December: Vodyane near Mariupol shelled by Russian-separatist forces on 25 December 25 - 26 December: Russian-terrorist troops violated ceasefire about 25 times in eastern Ukraine overnight - 27 December: Combined Russian-separatist forces violated the ceasefire some 66 times overnight into Sunday - 28 December 2015: Russian-backed militants violated the ceasefire in eastern Ukraine 35 times over past 24 hours - 28 December 2015: One Ukrainian soldier killed and three wounded by Russian-backed terrorists over the past day, as OSCE observers come under fire near Kominternovo seized by combined Russian-separatist forces in eastern Ukraine last Tuesday - 29 December: Combined Russian-separatist militants in eastern Ukraine continue to ignore the Minsk ceasefire agreement, as areas near Horlivka, near Mariupol, Zaitseve, and suburbs of militant-held Donetsk came under fire overnight, including Avdiivka, Piski, and Opytne - 29 December: Presence of regular Russian troops in Kominternove in southeastern Ukraine near Mariupol again confirmed - 29 December: 67 Ukrainian border guards killed and 406 injured since 2014 - 30 December: Over six thousand objects of the residential sector, as well as social, cultural, industrial and other facilities have been destroyed in Donetsk region as a result of the conflict in eastern Ukraine and the total losses are estimated at UAH 3.7 bln - 30 December: Russian-backed militants violated ceasefire 22 times over past 24 hours in Donbas - 31 December: Russian-backed militants violated ceasefire 31 times in eastern Ukraine over past 24 hours, trying to provoke the Ukrainian troops into returning the fire
January 2016: 2 January 2016: One Ukrainian servicemen killed, several injured since start of 2016, as Russian-backed militants violate truce 42 times - 3 January 2016: Russian-backed militants shell Ukrainian positions 20 times in last day, also targeting the villages of Myronivskyi and Troitske - 4 January: Over the past day Russian-backed militants used weapons against the Ukrainian soldiers 11 times - 5 January: Ukrainian positions were targeted some 20 times overnight, as combined Russian-separatist forces were observed by OSCE in Kominternovo - 6 January 2016: Russian-backed militants violated the ceasefire in eastern Ukraine a total of 23 times, targeting Luhanske, Mayorske, Novhorodske, Troitske and Zaitseve - 7 January: Dozens of ceasefire violations and a tense standoff between Russian-backed militants and Ukrainian troops reported on Orthodox Christmas Eve in eastern Ukraine, as Ukrainian soldiers say regular Russian soldiers fired at their positions overnight - 8 January: One Ukrainian serviceman wounded in mortar attack in Donetsk region - 9 January: Combined Russian-separatist forces are allegedly using laser guided anti-tank missiles in eastern Ukraine, placing Russia under further suspicion that its testing new military capabilities in an agression against a foreign country - 10 January: Russia blocks transit of Ukrainian goods - 9 January: Russian-backed militants opened fire 29 times on Ukrainian positions in the areas of Maryinka, Pisky, Opytne, Novhorodske and Luhanske in the past 24 hours - 11 January: Ukraine's military reports that two soldiers have been killed over the weekend, saying that combined Russian-separatist forces continue to violate ceasefire more than 20 times in eastern Ukraine - 12 January: Self-proclaimed Donetsk People’s Republic reports that cases of infectious diseases are spreading among militants - 12 January: Russian-backed militants attack Ukraine troops 35 times overnight, targeting many areas in eastern Ukraine - 13 January: Russian-backed forces launch 24 attacks in eastern Ukraine over the last day - 13 January: Trilateral Contact Group negotiators in Minsk vow to enforce ceasefire in eastern Ukraine - 14 January: Russian-backed separatists attacked Ukrainian positions at least 70 times within last 24 hours - 15 January 2016: Targeting many areas in east Ukraine, combined Russian-separatist forces fire at Ukrainian government forces and violate truce 60 times over the last 24 hours, as the situation had worsened near the town of Maryinka - 15 January: Two Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas conflict zone in last day - 16 January: Russian-backed militants attack Ukrainian troops 40 times during last day - 16 January: British investigative journalists provide extensive picture evidence of Russia's military intervention in Ukraine - 17 January 2016: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian government positions in eastern Ukraine 36 times overnight - 18 January 2016: Ukrainina military reports that Donbas militants shoot in public places and steal arms - 18 January 2016: The combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 48 times in the last day - 19 January 2016: Russian-backed militants shelled Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine a total of 47 times over past day - 20 January: Russian-backed separatists attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 17 times in the last day, situation outside Donetsk Airport remains tense - 21 January: Russian-backed militants shelled Ukrainian positions a total of 29 times over the past 24 hours - 21 January: Six Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in eastern Ukraine over past 24 hours - 22 January: Russian-backed separatists attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 69 times in the past 24 hours - 22 January: Residents risk death on front line roads in eastern Ukraine - 23 January 2016: Russian-backed militants shelled Ukrainian positions a total of 37 times over the past 24 hours - 23 January: One Ukrainian serviceman killed, one wounded in conflict zone in eastern Ukraine - 24 January: Ceasefire violations continue in conflict zone in eastern Ukraine - 25 January: Russian-backed militants fired on Ukrainian positions 29 times over past 24 hours - 26 January: Dozens of truce violations by Russian-backed militants reported over last 24 hours in eastern Ukraine - 27 January: Combined Russian-separatist forces in eastern Ukraine attacked government troops 66 times over the past 24 hours - 28 January 2016: Russian-backed separatist forces in the eastern part of the Ukrainian country launched at least 40 attacks against Ukrainian troops over the past 24 hours, as more than 3,000 people, mostly civilians, have been killed during the Russian agression and UN agencies say that at least 9,000 people have been killed since the start of the Russian invasion in early 2014 - 29 January 2016: Russian-backed terrorists violated the ceasefire 71 times in eastern Ukraine over the past day, also directing fire at residential areas - 29 January: Two Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in eastern Ukraine over past 24 hours - 30 January: Pro-Russian militants opened fire on the positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine 38 times over the past day - 30 January: Two Ukrainian soldiers wounded over past 24 hours - 31 January: Two Ukrainian servicemen killed, four wounded in Donetsk region, as Russian-backed militants launched 36 more attacks in eastern Ukraine
February 2016: 2 February 2016: Russian-backed separatist forces used various weapons to launch 56 attacks on Ukrainian troops over the past day - 3 February 2016: Russian-backed militants violated the ceasefire 55 times over the past day in eastern Ukraine - 3 February: Two Ukrainian soldiers wounded in eastern Ukraine over past 24 hours - 4 February: OSCE monitors report sharp rise in truce violations in eastern Ukraine - 4 February: Russian-backed terrorists fire Grad rockets towards militant-held village of Sakhanka, also firing mortars and missiles in the direction of the village of Oktiabr - 4 February: Illegal armed groups intensified shelling along the frontline in eastern Ukraine over the past day, attacking Ukrainian forces 55 times - 5 February: The combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine more than 80 times in the past 24 hours, using banned weapons - 5 February: The situation in eastern Ukraine has worsened as a record number of attacks on the Ukrainian positions was launched within 24 hours - 6 February: Eleven Ukrainian soldiers wounded in eastern Ukraine, as combined Russian-separatist forces launched more than 80 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas overnight - 7 February: Russia's regular troops involved in looting in Donbas, according to Ukrainian intelligence - 8 February: Kharkiv activists call for boycott of Russian businesses - 8 February: Russian-backed forces attack Ukrainian troops 61 times over last 24 hours - 8 February: One Ukrainian soldier injured in Maryanka village outside Donetsk city in past day - 8 February: 7,000 Russian regular troops are currently stationed in eastern Ukraine, Ukraine's Muzhenko says - 9 February: Activists find another evidence of Russian troops involvement in military actions in Eastern Ukraine - 10 February: Russian-backed militants attacked Ukrainian positions in Eastern Ukraine 45 times in the past 24 hours, firing grenades in Pisky, Opytne, Avdiyivka - 11 February: The combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 50 times in the past 24 hours, the press center of the Anti-Terrorist Operation says - 12 February: Russian-backed militants attack Ukrainian forces 53 times in last day - 13 February: Russian-backed militants opened fire 67 times on the positions of Ukrainian troops over last 24 hours - 14 February: Russian-separatist forces attack Ukrainian forces 69 times in last day - 15 February: Russian-backed militants opened fire on Ukrainian positions 71 times in last day, targeting Krasnohorivka, Pisky, Talakivka, Mayorsk and Zaitseve, Novotroitske, Maryinka, Avdiivka, Novhorodske, Opytne, Pisky, Hnutove, Shyrokyno and the Butovka mine - 16 February: Russian militants carried out an ISIS-style execution after torturing and beating a suspected drug dealer in Communar, Donetsk Oblast, who is now believed to be dead - 17 February: Following non-stop attacks by Russian-terrorist forces the Ukrainian headquarters has temporarily suspended traffic at Maryinka checkpoint in the Donetsk region - 18 February: Outside village Pisky in the Donetsk region one Ukrainian soldier killed and two injured by a landmine - 18 February: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 47 times in the past 24 hours - 19 February: Russian-backed militants attacked Ukrainian positions all along the front line 55 times over the past 24 hours - 20 February: During the last 24 hours Russian-separatist militants attacked Ukrainian army's positions 54 times, according to the Anti-Terrorist Operation press center - 20 February: Four Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas in last day - 21 February: One Ukrainian soldier killed as hostilities increase in Donbas and Russian-backed separatist forces launched attacks against Ukrainian forces near the eastern village of Zaitseve - 22 February: Russian-separatist forces attack Ukrainian troops 44 times in last day, mainly in the Donetsk sector - 23 February: Russian-backed militants launched several attacks on Ukrainian positions - 24 February: Russian-backed militants launched 84 attacks on the positions of the Ukrainian troops in Donbas over past day - 24 February: Two Ukrainian soldiers have been injured after more than 80 shellings by Russian-backed separatist forces using banned weapons in eastern Ukraine, in less than 24 hours - 26 February: Russian-backed separatist forces attack Ukraine's army positions with mortars ten times in 24 hours - 26 February: One Ukrainian serviceman killed near the village of Hranitne in Donbas, as Russian-backed separatist forces attack Ukraine's army position 10 times in 24 hours - 27 February: Russian-backed militants continue violating the ceasefire and launching attacks on the Anti-terrorist-operation's positions in eastern Ukraine - 28 February: Ukrainian-controlled town of Krasnohorivka survives 40 enemy attacks overnight, as one Ukrainian soldier is reportedly wounded - 29 February: Russian-backed militants shelled Anti-terrorist-operation's troops in eastern Ukraine 71times over the past day
March 2016: 1 March 2016: Three Ukrainian soldiers have been wounded in eastern Ukraine - 2 March 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 47 attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 2 March 2016: The armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine has already killed 9,000 people and injured 20,000 people, Ukraine's government says - 2 March 2016: Three Ukrainian soldiers killed, 14 wounded in Donbas in last day, Anti-Terrorist Operation's spokesman Andriy Lysenko reports - 3 March: Russian-backed militants shelled Ukrainian troops 62 times in eastern Ukraine over the past day, increasingly using mortars - 3 March 2016: Finally released by Russian-backed separatist forces on Thursday after more than a year in militant captivity, Ukrainian journalist Mariya Varfolomeyeva says 'I got out of the habit to be a human' - 4 March: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 57 times in the past 24 hours, including 46 times in the Donetsk sector and 11 times in the Mariupol sector - 5 March: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed in skirmishes with Russian-backed forces - 6 March 2016: 52 attacks by Russian-backed militants on Ukraine troops in last day, most in Donetsk sector - 7 March: The combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 38 times in the past 24 hours - 9 March: Russia-backed separatists attack Ukrainian positions 43 times in past 24 hours - 9 March: Eight Ukrainian soldiers wounded in eastern Ukraine - 10 March: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 49 times in the past 24 hours - 10 March: One Ukrainian soldier killed and another one injured in the Donbas conflict zone in the last 24 hours - 11 March: Russian-backed militants attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 47 times in the past 24 hours, using banned tank shells and mortars, as Avdiyivka remains the most hot and dangerous spot in the Donetsk sector - 12 March: Russian-backed separatist forces attack Ukrainian troops 75 times in last day - 12 March: Two Ukrainian servicemen killed and one more injured over the past 24 hours in the Donbas conflict zone - 14 March: 400,000 residents in eastern Ukraine threatened by water cut following Russian-backed attacks - 14 March 2016: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 44 times in the past 24 hours, including 38 times in the Donetsk sector - 15 March: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 42 times in the past 24 hours, including 29 times in the Donetsk sector, 12 times in the Mariupol sector - 15 March: Report on 'Russian War Crimes in eastern Ukraine in 2014' presented in Poland, including 60 interviews with former prisoners of war and exposing the actions of Russian soldiers and Kremlin-backed separatist forces - 16 March: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 42 times in the past 24 hours, mainly near the villages of Novotroyitske, Zaitseve and Troyitske - 17 March: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 52 times in the past 24 hours, including 39 times in the Donetsk sector, 11 times in the Mariupol sector - 18 March: Russian-backed militants launched 42 attacks on Ukrainian troops in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 20 March: Russian-backed militants attack Ukrainian positions 32 times in last 24 hours and intensify fire after OSCE mission leaves for base - 21 March 2016: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 32 times in the past 24 hours, including 28 times in the Donetsk sector - 21 March: Two Ukrainian soldiers were killed and another two were wounded in the Donbas conflict zone in the last 24 hours - 22 March: Russian-backed militants launched 27 attacks on Ukrainian troops in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 23 March: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 44 times in the past 24 hours, violating the Minsk agreements and using banned weapons - 23 March: One Ukrainian serviceman reportedly killed, another ten wounded in the anti-terrorist operation area in eastern Ukraine as a result of the intensified armed hostilities - 24 March: Russian-backed militants attack Ukrainian positions 53 times in last 24 hours, using the weapons banned by the Minsk Agreements - 25 March: Russian-backed militants launched 52 attacks on the positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine over the past day - 25 March: Six Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 25 March: Local media in Donbas reports more than a dozen killed Ukrainian servicemen during recent ceasefire violations by Russian-backed separatist forces - 26 March: Russian-backed militants launched 39 attacks on Ukrainian positions over the past day using heavy weapons - 26 March: Two Ukrainian soldiers were killed and 11 were injured over the past 24 hours in the Donbas conflict zone - 27 March: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 44 times in the past 24 hours, also using cannon artillery for first time in long period - 28 March: Russian-backed separatist forces continue shelling of Ukrainian positions in Avdiyivka and near the south-eastern city of Mariupol, launching 50 attacks on the Ukrainian troops over the past day, using the weapons banned by the Minsk Agreements - 29 March: At least four Ukrainian soldiers wounded near Donetsk, as shellings continue from the side of Russian-backed separatist forces - 29 March: Russian-backed militants launched 72 attacks on the Ukrainian troops over the past day - 30 March 2016: Russian-backed separatist forces increase shellings in Eastern Ukraine, heaviest fightings registered near Zaytseve and Avdiyivka in Donetsk, one local resident in Luhansk region got wounded
April 2016: 1 April 2016: One Ukrainian soldier reportedly killed and eight injured over the past 24 hours as combined Russian-backed separatist forces launched 77 attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine - 2 April: Despite the ceasefire granted by Minsk peace accords, Russian-backed separatist forces continue shelling Ukrainian positions - 2 April 2016: In March at least 19 Ukrainian soldiers were killed and 128 were wounded, OSCE says - 2 April: Four Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 3 April: Ukrainian troops return fire against Russian-backed separatist forces near Maryinka - 4 April: Ukraine desperately attempts to defuse landmines that killed more than 600 soldiers and civilians, including dozens of children, and wounded more than 2,000 during almost two years of war, as more are planted - 4 April: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 23 times in the past 24 hours, including 16 times in the Donetsk sector, five times in the Mariupol sector - 5 April: About 1.5 million people face threat of hunger in Ukraine's Donbas region, UN says - 5 April: Russian-backed militants attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 61 times in the past 24 hours - 5 April: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed and 10 injured over the past 24 hours in Donbas - 6 April: The Russian-backed terrorist groups launched 76 attacks over the past day in eastern Ukraine - 7 April: The combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 67 times in the past 24 hours - 7 April: One Ukrainian soldier wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 8 April: The combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 70 times in the past 24 hours - 8 April: A total of 103 Russian servicemen were killed in action and another 98 were seriously injured in Donbas in the three months and one week of 2016 - 8 April: One Ukrainian soldier killed, 12 wounded in Donbas in last day - 9 April: Russian-backed separatist forces mounted 73 attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine over the last 24 hours - 10 April: OSCE patrol comes under fire as Russian-backed separatist forces attempt to intimidate mission - 10 April: Six Ukrainian servicemen wounded in Donetsk region, as Russian-backed separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions 91 times - 11 April: The combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 64 times in the past 24 hours - 11 April: 14 Russian soldiers reportedly killed and another 19 injured in a clash near Avdiyivka - 12 April: The combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 79 times in the past 24 hours - 13 April: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 87 times in the past 24 hours - 13 April: Eight Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 14 April: Russian-backed militants launched 80 attacks on Ukrainian positions over the past day - 14 April: One Ukrainian soldier was killed and another one was wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 15 April: Russian-separatist forces intensify their attacks, shelling Ukraainian positions 104 times in the past 24 hours - 15 April: One Ukrainian serviceman was killed, another three were wounded in eastern Ukraine - 16 April: The combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 61 times in the past 24 hours - 17 April 2016: Russian-backed separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine combat zone 50 times over the last 24 hours - 18 April: Russian-backed militants launched 79 attacks along the entire frontline over the past day - 19 April 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 46 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 20 April: Russian-backed militants violated ceasefire in eastern Ukraine 23 times over the past day, 11 attacks were launched using the weapons, banned under the Minsk Agreements - 20 April 2016: 3 Ukrainian soldiers have died, 5 were wounded in eastern Ukraine - 21 April: Russian-backed militants launched 33 attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 22 April: The combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 30 times in the past 24 hours, using banned weapons seven times - 22 April: Checkpoint in Stanytsia Luhanska closed due to constant shelling by the Russian-backed separatist forces - 23 April: Two Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in eastern Ukraine - 24 April: Over the last 24 hours, the Russian-backed separatist forces continued to shell Ukrainian positions, initiating 41 attacks and using prohibited weapons - 25 April: The combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 29 times in the past 24 hours - 26 April: Russian-backed militants launched 42 attacks on the Ukrainian positions over the past day - 27 April: The pro-Russian militants launched more than 30 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas over the past day - 27 April: Russia reportedly deploys 'flame-throwers' to militant-held areas in eastern Ukraine - 28 April: OSCE confirms four civilians killed in Donbas - 28 April: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 29 times in the past 24 hours - 29 April: The pro-Russian illegal armed groups launched 22 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas over the past day - 29 April: Three Ukrainian soldiers were wounded over the past 24 hours - 30 April: The pro-Russian militants launched over 40 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas over the past day - 30 April 2016: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed, four wounded as guns supposed to go silent before Easter
May 2016: 1 May 2016: The Russian-backed separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions 27 times in the past day, despite Easter - 1 May: One Ukrainian soldier killed, seven wounded overnight in eastern Ukraine - 2 May: In the past 24 hours, the combined Russian-separatist forces violated ceasefire 6 times in eastern Ukraine - 3 May: Russian-backed militants violated ceasefire 5 times in eastern Ukraine over past day - 4 May: Pro-Russian illegal armed groups violated ceasefire in eastern Ukraine six times in last day - 4 May: One Ukrainian soldier wounded in last day - 5 May: Russian-backed militants violated ceasefire in eastern Ukraine 13 times in last day, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 5 May: Over half a million children in Ukraine's war-torn Donbas region need immediate help, according to UNICEF - 6 May: Pro-Russian illegal armed groups launched 11 attacks on the positions of Ukrainian troops - 6 May: One Ukrainian soldier was wounded over the last 24 hours - 7 May: Pro-Russian illegal armed groups launched 7 attacks on the positions of Ukrainian troops despite the May holidays - 9 May 2016: Russian-backed militants launched nine attacks in eastern Ukraine in last day - 9 May: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed and four wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 10 May: The Russian-backed separatist forces opened fire 15 times in eastern Ukraine while the celebration of the Victory Day over Nazi Germany was held - 10 May: One Ukrainian soldier dead and two other wounded after vehicle hit a road mine in Donbas - 11 May: Russian-backed militants launched 11 attacks on Ukrainian position in eastern Ukraine in last day - 12 May: Russian-backed militants launched 15 attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine in last day - 12 May: Ukraine doesn't see any practical steps of separatist forces to progress in a peaceful settlement in the Donbas, Defence Ministry's official statement reads, following a meeting with foreign military attaches - 13 May: Russian-backed militants launched ten attacks on Ukrainian troops in eastern Ukraine in last day - 14 May: Russian-backed separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions 20 times over the last 24 hours - 15 May: Russian-backed militants continue intensive shelling of Ukrainian army positions near the town of Avdiivka in Donetsk - 16 May: The Russian-backed militants violated ceasefire in the anti-terrorist operation zone in eastern Ukraine 36 times over the past day - 16 May: One Ukrainian soldier killed, one wounded in Donbas in last day, as Russian-backed militants continue to violate Minsk agreement - 17 May: Russian-backed militants launched 18 attacks on Ukrainian troops in eastern Ukraine in last day - 17 May: Illegal armed groups present in eastern Ukraine have violated the ceasefire more than 6,000 times this year and shelled positions held by the Ukrainian Armed Forces - 18 May: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 24 times in the past 24 hours, using heavy artillery and an unmanned combat aerial vehicle - 18 May: Ten Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas in last day - 19 May: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 17 times in the past 24 hours, they used, among other things, banned weapons and a combat drone - 19 May: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed and two wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 20 May: Russian-backed illegal armed groups launched 15 attacks on Ukrainian positions over the past day - 21 May: One Ukrainian soldier killed and another seven wounded in the Donbas conflict zone in the last 24 hours - 22 May: One Ukrainian soldier killed and another one wounded in the Donbas conflict zone in the last 24 hours, as militants fire heavy weapons - 23 May: Over the last 24 hours, Russian-backed separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions 31 times - 23 May: One Ukrainian soldier killed and three wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 24 May 2016: Combined Russian-separatist forces launched 47 attacks on Ukrainian positions along the entire contact line over the past day - 24 May: Seven Ukrainian soldiers dead, nine injured in eastern Ukraine near the occupied territory of Donetsk - 25 May: Combined Russian-separatist forces launched 33 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas in last day - 26 May: The combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 28 times in the past 24 hours - 27 May: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 30 times in the past 24 hours - 27 May: Eight Ukrainian soldiers were injured as a Ukrainian armored personnel carrier was blown up in the conflict zone in eastern Ukraine - 28 May 2016: Russian-backed militants use heavy artillery for first time in months, attacking Ukrainian positions near Novotroitske village, after in 2015 twelve civilian bus passengers were slaughtered in a militants' GRAD attack - 28 May 2016: Combined Russian-separatist militants launched a total of 40 attacks on Ukrainian troops in last day - 28 May: One Ukrainian soldier killed in eastern Ukraine in last day - 29 May: Russian-backed militants attacked Ukrainian forces 40 times in last day, using Grad systems on 28 May - 29 May 2016: Russian-backed separatist forces have initiated 30 attacks against Ukrainian army positions over the last 24 hours, five Ukrainian soldiers reported killed in the shelling and four more wounded in last day - 30 May: Russian-backed separatist forces launched 25 attacks on Ukrainian positions in last day - 31 May 2016: 10,000 Ukrainians killed by ‘Russian-terrorist forces', more than 20,000 have been wounded and 1.8 million forced to flee their homes over the past two years, according to Ukrainian Defence Council - 31 May: Combined Russian-separatist militants launched 21 attacks on Ukrainian troops in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 31 May: One Ukrainian soldier killed, two wounded in Donbas in the past 24 hours
June 2016: 1 June 2016: The pro-Russian illegal armed groups launched 31 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in Donbas over the past day - 1 June 2016: One Ukrainian soldier killed and three Ukrainian soldiers injured in the anti-terrorist operation zone in Donbas over the past 24 hours - 2 June 2016: The combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 51 times in the past 24 hours - 2 June: Two Ukrainian soldiers wounded as a result of combat actions in the past twenty-four hours - 3 June: The combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 49 times in the past 24 hours - 4 June 2016: Pro-Russian illegal armed groups launched 49 attacks on Ukrainian positions in last day - 4 June: 41-year-old civilian reportedly killed as a result of shelling the village of Pervomaiske in Donetsk by Russian-backed separatist forces - 4 June: Five Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in military operations in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 6 June 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 35 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine over the past day - 6 June: One Ukrainian soldier killed, another seven soldiers wounded in Donbas over the past day - 7 June: Russian-backed militants launched 32 attacks on the positions of Ukrainian troops in eastern Ukraine in last day - 7 June: One Ukrainian soldier killed, nine soldiers were wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 8 June: Russian-backed militants launched 36 attacks on Ukrainian troops in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 9 June: Thousands of Donbas residents have no access to drinking water, OSCE says, also reporting truce violations on the rise - 9 June: Russian-backed militants launched 43 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine over the past day - 9 June: One Ukrainian soldier killed, five more wounded in Donbas - 10 June: Four Ukrainian soldiers injured over the last day in Donbas - 11 June: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed, ten wounded as Russian-backed militants launch dozens of attacks along the frontline in Donbas - 12 June: Combined Russian-separatist forces in Donbas attacked Ukrainian troops 49 times in the past 24 hours, 24 attacks were recorded in the Mariupol sector, 19 in the Donetsk sector, and six in the Luhansk sector - 13 June: Russian-backed separatist forces continue attacks on resident areas, killing a Ukrainian civilian in Artemove in Donetsk region - 13 June: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 40 times on Sunday evening alone, as Ukraine reports record number of Donbas casualties in last four weeks - 14 June: Ukrainian Defence Ministry reports more than 2,490 soldiers killed by Russian-terrorist forces in the past two years - 15 June: The Russian-backed terrorist troops have violated the Minsk agreements 7,000 times since the beginning of the current year, according to Ukrainian defense ministry - 16 June: Two Ukrainian soldiers injured over the last 24 hours in eastern Ukraine - 17 June: A total of 35 military doctors have been killed since 2014 in Donbas - 17 June: Two civilians were injured in a militant attack - 18 June 2016: Ukrainian online project obtains unique footage and pictures proving presence of Russian army on Ukraine's territory - 19 June 2016: Ukrainian military recorded 44 attacks by Russian-backed separatist forces, including 19 in both Donetsk and Mariupol directions, and six in Luhansk direction - 19 June 2016: Three Ukrainian soldiers killed and another one wounded as pro-Russian militants mortared Ukrainian positions in Popasna district - 20 June 2016: The combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 31 times in the past 24 hours, including 14 times in the Donetsk sector, 11 times in the Mariupol sector and six times in the Luhansk sector - 20 June: One Ukrainian soldier killed and two other soldiers injured over the last 24 hours in Donbas - 21 June: Russian-backed illegal armed groups intensified their activities along the demarcation line yesterday afternoon and launched a total of 41 attacks on Ukrainian troops - 21 June: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed and five soldiers wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 22 June 2016: Pro-Russian militants launched 28 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas over the past day - 22 June 2016: Ukraine's intelligence reports dozens of flights of Russian assault and reconnaissance drones, 75 years after Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941 - 23 June 2016: Russian-backed separatist forces launched 46 attacks on Ukrainian troops in eastern Ukraine - 23 June 2016: One Ukrainian soldier killed and eleven injured overnight, as Russian-backed terrorists fire heavy weapons in all directions - 24 June 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 50 attacks on the Armed Forces of Ukraine in last day - 24 June 2016: Five Ukrainian soldiers wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 25 June: Russian-backed militants launched 61 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 25 June: Two Ukrainian soldiers wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 26 June: Three Ukrainian soldiers were injured, as combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 55 times in the past 24 hours - 27 June: Russian-backed separatist forces attack Ukraine 36 times in last day - 27 June: One Ukrainian soldier killed, another four injured over the past 24 hours - 28 June: One Ukrainian soldier was killed and another six were wounded in fighting against Russian-backed separatist forces - 29 June 2016: Russian-backed militants continue to shell Ukrainian positions in Donbas using weapons banned under the Minsk agreements, launching 51 attacks in last day - 30 June: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions 66 times in the past 24 hours, including 28 times in the Donetsk sector, 21 times in the Mariupol sector, and 17 times in the Luhansk sector
July 2016: 1 July 2016: Russian-backed militants launch 58 attacks in last day - 1 July 2016: Three Ukrainian soldiers killed and 15 injured in Donbas in the past 24 hours as Russian-backed separatist forces fired cannon artillery, mortars and small arms on Ukraine's servicemen - 2 July 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 48 attacks on Ukrainian troops in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 2 July 2016: One Ukrainian serviceman killed and two soldiers wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 2 July: Presence of 39 tanks, 53 artillery systems and self-propelled artillery systems of Russia-backed separatist forces in Donbas combat zone reported - 4 July: Over the past day in Donbas two soldiers were injured in militants' attacks - 5 July: Russian-backed militants launched 63 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas over the past day - 5 July: Three Ukrainian soldiers killed and another 13 wounded in the Donbas conflict zone in the last 24 hours - 6 July: Russian-backed militants launched 61 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in Donbas over the past day - 6 July 2016: During spring-summer of 2014, several villages of Luhansk region have been shelled with tube and rocket artillery from Russia's territory, according to international human rights organization documenting more evidence for the International Criminal Court ICC - 6 July: Three children killed in grenade blast in militant-occupied Yenakiieve, according to OSCE - 7 July: Two more Ukrainian soldiers killed as militant fire intensifies, launching 57 attacks over the past day - 8 July 2016: Russian-backed separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 56 times in the past 24 hours - 8 July: Two Ukrainian servicemen killed and eight soldiers wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 9 July: Escalation of fighting in eastern Ukraine has resulted in the highest number of civilian casualties in a month since August 2015, UN says - 9 July: Russian-backed separatists attack Ukraine 72 times in last day - 9 July: One Ukrainian serviceman killed and six soldiers wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 11 July: Russian-backed militants launched 94 attacks on the Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 11 July: One Ukrainian soldier killed and thirteen soldiers wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 12 July: A Russian militant, who had fought alongside the separatists in occupied Donetsk, surrendered to the Ukrainian forces on July 11 - 12 July 2016: Russian-backed militants launch 56 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 12 July: Two soldiers killed, another four wounded in the Donbas warzone in the past 24 hours - 13 July: Russian-backed militants continue to shell Ukrainian positions in Donbas, launching 41 attacks in last day - 13 July: One Ukrainian soldier was killed, another four wounded in the Donbas warzone in the past 24 hours - 14 July: One civilian injured amid shelling in the Donetsk region - 14 July: Russian-backed invaders launched 72 attacks on Ukrainian troops in eastern Ukraine over the past day, the majority of attacks recorded in Mariupol area - 14 July 2016: Impunity 'pervasive' in Ukraine's east, says UN - 15 July: Russian-backed militants launched 64 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas in last day - 15 July: One Ukrainian soldier was killed and four were wounded in Donbas in the past twenty-four hours - 16 July: Six Ukrainian soldiers wounded, one captured overnight by the Russian-backed separatist forces in Donbas - 17 July: Three Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours, as combined Russian-backed forces launched 77 attacks on Ukrainian positions and two Russian soldiers were killed and another three wounded - 18 July: The pro-Russian militants launched 64 attacks on the Ukrainian troops in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 19 July: Russian-backed militants launched 78 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, also using banned weapons - 19 July: Russian-backed separatists increase shellings along the frontline - 19 July: Seven Ukrainian soldiers were killed and 14 injured in Donbas over the past day - 20 July: Russian-backed militants launched 54 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 21 July: Russian-backed militants launched 70 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, houses of the locals in Avdiyivka were damaged due to the attacks and a man was killed - 22 July: Russian-backed militants launched 66 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 22 July: Two Avdiyivka civilians injured amid shelling - 23 July: Russian-backed separatist forces to allegedly undergo rotation and heavy weapons supply - 23 July 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 54 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 25 July: 110 Russian servicemen reportedly arrived to the militant-occupied city of Sverdlovsk in Luhansk region - 25 July: Russian-backed separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions 58 times in last day and three Ukrainian soldiers were killed and another three injured overnight - 26 July: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 61 times in the past 24 hours, while three skirmishes, two in the town of Maryinka and one in the town of Avdiyivka, were reported - 26 July: Three Ukrainian soldiers were killed, another four were wounded in eastern Ukraine, after militants launched heavy shelling in the Donetsk region - 27 July: The Russian-backed separatist forces attacked Ukrainian soldiers 39 times in the past 24 hours - 28 July: Russian-backed militants launched 44 attacks on Ukrainian troops in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 29 July: Russian-backed militants launched 56 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 29 July: Three Ukrainian soldiers wounded in eastern Ukraine in the past day - 30 July: One Ukrainian soldier killed, one was wounded and another one was shell-shocked in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 31 July: Russian-backed militants launched 70 attacks on Ukrainian positions over the past day
August 2016: 1 August 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 85 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, of which 37 attacks were recorded in Donetsk area, 35 attacks in Mariupol area, and 13 in Luhansk area - 2 August: Russian-backed militants launched 54 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, also using banned weapons - 2 August: Two Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 3 August: Russian-backed militants launched 71 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 4 August 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 38 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 4 August 2016: Seven Ukrainian soldiers were wounded as Russian-backed militants launched dozens of attacks - 5 August 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 42 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 6 August: 10 Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas amid ongoing militants attacks and never-ending military supplies from Russia - 7 August: The combined Russian-separatist forces opened fire on Ukrainian positions in Donbas 54 times in the past 24 hours - 8 August: Russian-backed militants launched 61 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in Donbas over the past day - 8 August: 11 Ukrainian soldiers were wounded over the last day as the Russian-backed separatist forces continue to violate the ceasefire in the Donbas region - 9 August: Russian-backed militants launched 47 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 9 August: One Ukrainian soldier killed and five soldiers were wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 10 August: Russian-backed militants launched 62 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 10 August: Five Ukrainian soldiers wounded as militants mount 62 attacks - 11 August: Russian-backed militants launched 67 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 11 August: One Ukrainian soldier killed, four wounded in Donbas warzone - 12 August 2016: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 42 times in the past 24 hours, using banned weapons - 12 August: One Ukrainian soldier was killed, four soldiers were wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 13 August 2016: The Russian-backed separatist forces mounted 61 attacks against Ukrainian forces over the last 24 hours, also using weapons banned under Minsk agreements, also shelling Ukrainian border guards positions - 13 August: One Ukrainian soldier was killed over the last 24 hours, two soldiers wounded - 14 August: Ukraine reports 24 militant armed provocations over the last day and three wounded Ukrainian soldiers - 15 August: Russian-backed militants launched 59 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 15 August: One Ukrainian soldier wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 16 August: Ukraine reports 48 attacks of Russian-backed militants, also using heavy weapons, in Donbas in last 24 hours - 16 August: 8 Ukrainian soldiers wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 17 August: OSCE recorded more than 300 explosions in Donetsk and Luhansk regions, noting intense fighting in the area of Yasynuvata-Avdiivka - 17 August: Russian-backed militants launched 52 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 17 August: Eight soldiers wounded in ATO area in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 18 August: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 96 times in the past 24 hours - 19 August: Russian-backed militants launched 73 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 19 August: The city centre of Maryinka suffered heavy artillery raid from Russian controlled forces in Donbas in the middle of a night - 19 August: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed, eight soldiers were wounded in ATO area in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 20 August: Russian-backed militants launched 49 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 20 August: One Ukrainian soldier killed and four more wounded in the eastern Ukraine combat zone over the last 24 hours - 21 August: Over the last day, 'the Russian occupation forces fire 71 times at the anti-terrorist operation units', according to Ukrainian press centre - 21 August: Russian-backed separatists shell observers in eastern Ukraine - 22 August: Russian-backed militants launched 46 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in Donbas over the past day - 23 August: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 54 times in the past 24 hours, including 22 times in the Donetsk sector, 20 times in the Mariupol sector and 12 times in the Luhansk sector - 23 August: Eight Ukrainian soldiers severely wounded in Donbas conflict zone - 24 August: Russian-backed militants launch 48 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, as Ukraine marks 25th anniversary of independence - 24 August: One Ukrainian soldier killed and one soldier was wounded in ATO area in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 25 August: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 85 times in the past 24 hours - 25 August: One Ukrainian soldier killed and three more wounded in ATO zone in the past 24 hours - 26 August: Russian-backed militants launched 48 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 26 August: One Ukrainian soldier killed, one more was wounded near the village of Maryinka in Donetsk region - 27 August: Need for ceasefire from midnight 31 August 2016 expressed at Trilateral Contact Group meeting, as Ukrainian representatives call on Russia and its proxies to adhere their obligations and stop shooting from September - 27 August: Russian-backed militants reportedly violated the ceasefire in eastern Ukraine 1,386 times since early August - 27 August: Russian-backed militants launched 88 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 28 August: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed, four wounded in Donbas in past 24 hours - 29 August: Russian-backed militants launched 76 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 29 August: One Ukrainian soldier killed, nine wounded in Donbas over the past day - 30 August: Government-controlled town of Avdiyivka experienced the most intense fighting, as Russian-backed separatists commenced 17 attacks on Ukrainian positions and resident area and as Russian-backed militants launched 91 attacks in Donbas - 31 August: 100,000 Russian troops reportedly stationed in Crimea, Donbas and around Ukraine - 31 August: Russian tanks hit Ukrainian village near Donetsk - 31 August: Ukraine calls for urgent meeting of Minsk group after Russian-controlled separatists in Donbas agreed for ceasefire from the midnight but already broke the agreement, 75 attacks and fire raids by Russian-controlled forces on all directions reported during last day - 31 August: Thousands of Russian servicemen involved in fighting in Eastern Ukraine according to 'Bellingcat'
September 2016: 1 September 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 25 attacks on Ukrainian positions over the past day - 2 September: The illegal armed formations in Donbas launched 11 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in last day - 3 September: Russian-backed militants in Donbas opened fire on Ukrainian positions 11 times in the past 24 hours - 4 September: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 16 times in the past day - 4 September: Ukrainian intelligence officers name fifty Russian officers fighting for militants in Donbas - 5 September: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine 20 times in the past 24 hours - 5 September: Seven Ukrainian soldiers and one border guard were wounded in eastern Ukraine in the past 24 hours - 6 September: Russian-backed militants violated ceasefire 21 times in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 6 September: One Ukrainian soldier was killed in a mine blast, and three more wounded by militant mortar fire - 7 September: Russian-backed militants launched 21 attacks on Ukrainian positions over the past day - 8 September: Russian-backed militants launched 20 attacks on Ukrainian positions over the past day - 9 September: Russian-backed militants launched 24 attacks on anti-terrorist troops in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 9 September: One Ukrainian soldier killed, two soldiers wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 10 September: Russian-backed militants violated ceasefire 30 times in eastern Ukraine in last day - 10 September: Three Ukrainian soldiers killed, one soldier wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 11 September: During the last day Ukrainian forces faced 30 fire raids and attacks, committed by Russian-controlled separatists, 14 cases were recorded in Mariupol area, 10 in Donetsk and 6 in Luhansk directions - 11 September: After short pause Russian-controlled forces again using heavy weapon in Donbas despite agreements - 12 September: Russian-backed troops launched 37 attacks on Ukrainian positions over the past day - 13 September: Russian-backed forces violated ceasefire in eastern Ukraine 35 times over the past day - 13 September: 'Ceasefire' casualties - Ukraine reports 3 soldiers killed, 15 soldiers wounded in eastern Ukraine - 14 September 2016: 21 civilians were killed and another 94 people injured as a result of fighting in Donetsk region during the first eight months of 2016 - 14 September: Militants launched 56 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 14 September 2016: 'Russian ceasefire' in Donbas, as Russian-backed militants use even heavier artillery and one Ukrainian soldier is killed and another wounded in Donbas - 15 September 2016: Militants launched 50 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in Donbas over the past day - 15 September: Human rights situation in eastern Ukraine deteriorates, UN report says - 16 September: Russian proxies break their own ceasefire in Donbas on the very first day, as Russian-backed militants launch 30 attacks on Ukrainian troops - 17 September: Russian-backed militants launched 30 attacks on Ukrainian positions over the past day - 17 September: First death in conflict zone after latest ceasefire announced, as Ukrainian soldier reportedly died after suffering from wound caused by a mine blast, and six soldiers wounded as a result of armed hostilities over the past day - 18 September: The Russia-controlled separatist forces commenced 26 fire raids on Ukrainian positions in Donbas during last day - 19 September 2016: Ukrainian troops in Donbas were attacked 18 times during a day, as Russian proxies commence attacks along the whole of the frontline - 20 September: Militants launched 22 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 21 September: The combined Russian-separatist forces opened fire on Ukrainian positions in Donbas 13 times in the last day - 22 September: Militants launched 14 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in Donbas over the past day - 22 September: One Ukrainian soldier wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 23 September: Russian-backed militants launched 21 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 24 September 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 28 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 24 September: One Ukrainian soldier dead, 6 wounded overnight in eastern Ukraine following 28 Russian-backed attacks - 25 September: Russian colonel reportedly killed in Donbas - 25 September: Ukraine reports 29 attacks by Russian proxies including heavy mortar shelling, one soldier wounded - 26 September: Russian-backed militants launched 14 attacks on Ukraininan positions in Donbas over the past day - 27 September: Russian-backed militants launched 40 attacks on Ukrainian troops in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 28 September 2016: Dutch-led joint investigation team including representatives from Australia, Malaysia, Ukraine, and Belgium states that there is 'irrefutable evidence' that a Russian Buk 9M38 missile downed the Malaysia Airlines Boeing 777 in 2014, killing all 298 people on board, also concluding that the Buk missile system was brought across the border from Russia and later transported back escorted by several other vehicles and by 'armed men in uniform', according to witnesses, photographs, video, damning intercepted telephone calls, radar data, forensic examinations, tests and reconstructions - 28 September: Russian-backed militants launched 35 attacks on the Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 29 September: Russian-backed militants launched 25 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 29 September: One Ukrainian soldier killed and two soldiers wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 30 September: Russian-backed militants launched 33 attacks on the Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 30 September: Three Ukrainian soldiers wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day
October 2016: 1 October 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 34 attacks on the Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 1 October: 2 Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas - 2 October: Ukraine's anti-terrorist operation headquarters report 47 separatist attacks in Donbas for the past 24 hours - 3 October: Russian-backed militants launched 48 attacks on the Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 4 October: Russian-backed militants launched 32 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 5 October: The number of Russian-backed militants' attacks in the anti-terrorist operation zone in Donbas increased to 68 over the past 24 hours - 6 October: Russian-backed militants launched 40 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 7 October: Russian-backed militants launched 30 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 8 October: Russian-backed separatist forces attacked Ukrainian troops 38 times in the past 24 hours, Ukraine says - 8 October: Four Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas in past day - 10 October: Russian-backed militants launched 22 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 11 October: Two Ukrainian soldiers died, 8 were wounded and three suffered from contusion in the past 24 hours in Donbas - 11 October: Russian-backed militants launched 47 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine over the past day - 12 October: Russian-backed militants launched 44 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine over the past day - 13 October: Russian-backed militants launched 36 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine over the past day - 14 October: Russian-backed militants launched 25 attacks on Ukrainian positions over the past day - 15 October: Russian-backed militants launched 42 attacks on Ukrainian positions over the past day - 15 October: Three Ukrainian soldiers wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 17 October 2016: One Ukrainian soldier was killed, three got injuries of varying severity by a mine in Luhansk region - 17 October 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 61 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine over the past day - 18 October: Russian-backed militants launched 29 attacks on Ukrainian positions over the past day - 19 October 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 57 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in Donbas over the past day - 20 October 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 30 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 20 October: Three Ukrainian soldiers wounded in the anti-terrorist operation zone in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 21 October: Russian-backed militants launched 41 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 21 October: One Ukrainian soldier wounded in the anti-terrorist operation zone in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 22 October: Russian-backed militants reportedly used multiple rocket launcher 'Grad' to shell government forces - 22 October 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 39 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, despite recent 'Normandy Four' discussions in Berlin and assurances from the Russian side that Putin regime would contribute to the settlement of the conflict within the framework of Minsk agreements - 22 October: Three Ukrainian soldiers wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 23 October: Ukrainian Anti-Terrorist Operation press centre reports of 33 militant attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, as Russian-backed forces violated all agreements on ceasefire and withdrawal of heavy weapons, actively using large-calibre guns, and as 'Normandy Four' peace talks in Berlin evidently had no impact on the situation in Eastern Ukraine - 24 October: Russian-backed militants launched 35 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 25 October: Russian-backed militants launched 40 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in Donbas over the past day - 26 October 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 34 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 27 October: Russian-backed militants launched 72 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 28 October: Russian-backed militants launched 54 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 29 October 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 55 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 29 October: One Ukrainian soldier killed, another seven wounded in the ATO area in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 30 October 2016: During the last day Russian-backed forces launched 53 attacks and fire raids on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 31 October 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 54 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day
November 2016: 1 November 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 36 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 2 November 2016: Russian-backed militants over the past day launched 37 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas, of which 27 were recorded in Mariupol direction - 3 November 2016: Russian-backed militants over the past day launched 47 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas - 4 November: Russian-backed militants launched 31 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 4 November 2016: One Ukrainian soldier was killed, another two servicepersons wounded in the anti-terrorist operation area in eastern Ukraine over the past day, one serviceman died in a hospital in Zaporizhzhia city - 5 November 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 38 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas over the past day - 5 November: 5 Ukrainian soldiers wounded in the ATO area in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 6 November 2016: During the last day Russia-backed forces commenced 47 attacks and fire raids on Ukrainian positions in Donbas - 7 November 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 52 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 8 November: Russian-backed militants launched 50 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 9 November 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 54 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in Donbas over the past day - 10 November 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 44 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 11 November 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 35 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in Donbas over the past day - 11 November 2016: One Ukrainian soldier killed and one wounded in the anti-terrorist operation zone in eastern Ukraine over the last day - 11 November 2016: Almost 600,000 residents of Donbas, mainly in the temporarily occupied territories, do not have unfettered access to food, according to UN - 12 November 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 36 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas, mainly in Mariupol direction, over the past day - 12 November: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed and two wounded in the anti-terrorist operation zone in eastern Ukraine over the last day - 13 November: Russian-backed militant launched 64 attacks over the past 24 hours, one civilian reported killed - 14 November: Russian-backed militants launched 35 attacks on Ukrainian positions over the past day - 15 November: Russian-backed militants launched 21 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 16 November 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 37 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 17 November 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 37 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 18 November: Russian-backed militants launched 40 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 19 November 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 46 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in Donbas over the past day - 19 November: DNA examination has helped to identify 450 Ukrainian soldiers, who were killed in Donbas - 20 November: Russian-backed militants shelled Ukrainian positions 36 times over 24 hours, using heavy artillery and at least one tank - 21 November: Russian-backed militants launched 15 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 21 November: Russian proxies in eastern Ukraine continue to use residential areas for launching artillery attacks - 22 November: Militants launched 17 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 23 November: Militants launched 25 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 24 November: Militants launched 48 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in ATO area in Donbas over the past day - 25 November: Militants launched 28 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 26 November 2016: Militants launched 37 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in ATO area in Donbas over the past day - 26 November: Five Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in the anti-terrorist operation zone in eastern Ukraine over the last day - The crew of Russian liberal TV Channel 'Dozhd' let go after Russian-backed separatists detained them in Donetsk a day before - 27 November: During the last day Russian proxies attacked Ukrainian positions 37 times in easter Ukraine - 28 November 2018: Militants launched 37 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation area in Donbas over the past day - 29 November: Russian-backed mMilitants launched 38 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 30 November: Militants launched 31 attacks on Ukrainian positions in ATO area in Donbas over the past day - 30 November: Ukrainian forces report 1 soldier killed and 2 wounded in Donbas over the past day, as Russian proxies continue attacks on Ukrainian positions during Minsk talks
December 2016: 1 December 2016: Militants launched 30 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation area in Donbas over the past day - 2 December: Russian-backed militants launched 42 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 2 December 2016: One Ukrainian soldier was killed and three were wounded in the anti-terrorist operation zone in eastern Ukraine over the last day - 3 December 2016: Russia-backed militants fired at the positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine 44 times over the past 24 hours in all sectors - 3 December: Six Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in the anti-terrorist operation zone in eastern Ukraine over the last day - 4 December: For the past 24 hours, Russian-backed militants have attacked Ukrainian army positions 26 times using mortars, grenade launchers, and armored personnel carriers, one Ukrainian soldier was injured overnight - 5 December 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 25 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the ATO zone in Donbas over the past day - 6 December 2016: 3,064 Ukrainian servicemen have been killed during the conflict in Donbas, and 10,753 have been wounded so far, Ukraine's Victor Muzhenko says - 6 December: Russian-backed militants launched 35 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in Donbas in last day - 7 December: Russian-backed militants launched 45 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding six Ukrainian soldiers - 8 December: Russian-backed militants launched 20 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in ATO area in Donbas over the past day - 9 December: Russian-backed militants launched 15 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation zone in Donbas over the past day - 10 December: Russian-backed militants launched 31 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in Donbas in last day - 11 December 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 70 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas, killing three Ukrainian soldiers and injuring two others - 12 December 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 51 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 13 December: OSCE spotted combatants from Russia as militants keep shelling government forces - 13 December: Russian-backed militants launched 42 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 14 December: Russian-backed militants launched 15 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 14 December 2016: Russian-backed forces opened fire near the checkpoint Mayorsk, targeting the people standing in line to pass the control point, killing one person and injuring one more - 14 December: 4 Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in the anti-terrorist operation area in eastern Ukraine over the last day - 15 December: Russian-backed militants launched 18 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 16 December: Russian-backed militants launched 39 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 17 December: The Russian-backed separatist forces shelled the positions of Ukrainian troops 52 times in the past 24 hours - 17 December: Two Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in Donbas - 19 December: 5 Ukrainian soldiers reportedly killed and 6 more wounded as combined Russian-separatist forces launched attacks, while journalists working in the war zone report much higher number of casualties - 19 December: Russian-backed militants launched 24 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 20 December: Russian-backed militants launched 47 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation area in Donbas over the past day - 20 December: One Ukrainian soldier killed, another ten wounded and another eight shell-shocked in the anti-terrorist operation area in eastern Ukraine over the last day - 21 December: Russian-backed militants launched 33 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation area in Donbas over the past day - 22 December: Russian-backed militants launched 24 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 22 December: 11 Ukrainian soldiers wounded in the anti-terrorist operation area in eastern Ukraine over the last day - 23 December: Russian-backed militants launched 21 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 23 December: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed, and three wounded in the anti-terrorist operation area in eastern Ukraine over the last day - 24 December: Latest truce deal, negotiated in Minsk, just to be violated shortly after - 24 December 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 50 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation area in Donbas over the past day - 25 December 2016: Ukraine reports about 39 militant provocations for the past day, the second day of 'new ceasefire' - 26 December 2016: Russian- backed militants launched 33 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 26 December: Battle losses of the Ukrainian army in 2016 have amounted to 211 soldiers, according to its press service, while the non-combat death toll was also high and hit 256 persons - 27 December: Russian-backed militants launched 37 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 28 December: Russian-backed militants launched 44 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 29 December: Russian-backed militants launched 50 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation area in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 30 December 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 45 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 31 December 2016: Russian-backed militants launched 48 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation area in eastern Ukraine over the past day
January 2017: 2 January 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 38 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation area in Donbas over the past day, as three Ukrainian soldiers were wounded on 1 January 2017 - 2 January: Four soldiers were wounded in the ATO area in eastern Ukraine - 3 January 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 32 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 4 January: Russian-backed militants launched 39 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation area in Donbas over the past day - 5 January: Russian-backed militants launched 52 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation area in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 6 January: Russian-backed militants launched 32 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation area in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 7 January: Russian-backed militants launched 42 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation area in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 7 January: Two Ukrainian soldiers wounded in the ATO area in eastern Ukraine in last day - 9 January 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 51 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation area in Donbas over the past day - 9 January: 5 Ukrainian soldiers wounded in the ATO area in eastern Ukraine in last day - 10 January: Russian-backed militants launched 46 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation area in eastern Ukraine in last day - 10 January: 5 Ukrainian soldiers wounded in eastern Ukraine in last day - 11 January: Russian-backed militants launched 49 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 12 January: Russian-backed militants launched 62 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation area in eastern Ukraine in last day - 13 January: Russian-backed militants launched 78 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation area in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 14 January: Militants launched 62 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in Donbas over the past day - 15 January 2017: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 60 times in the past 24 hours with one Ukrainian soldier reported as killed and three as wounded - 16 January: Russian-backed militants launched 60 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the anti-terrorist operation area in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 17 January 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 41 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the ATO zone in Donbas over the past day - 18 January: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 61 times in the past 24 hours - 19 January 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 37 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 20 January: Russian-backed militants launched 19 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 21 January: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 25 times in the past 24 hours - 22 January 2017: Shelling of Ukrainian positions in Donbas was reported in all sectors in the past day, with the total number of attacks on Ukrainian troops reaching 33 instances - 23 January: Four Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas over last day - 23 January: Russian-backed militants launched 41 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 24 January: Russian-backed militants launched 51 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, using banned artillery - 25 January: Russian-backed militants launched 55 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 26 January: Russian-backed militants launched 48 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 27 January: Russian-backed militants launched 63 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, with two Ukrainian soldiers reported as killed in action - 28 January: Russian-backed militants launched 60 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, three Ukrainian soldiers were wounded - 29 January: Russian occupation troops have launched intense fire using small arms and mortars near the industrial zone of Avdiyivka in the morning, after militants attacked Ukrainian positions 55 times in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 30 January: Russian-backed militants launched 56 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, five Ukrainian soldiers were killed and another nine were wounded - 31 January: Russian-backed militants launched 71 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 31 January 2017: Three Ukrainian soldiers were killed and 24 were wounded in the anti-terrorist operation zone in eastern Ukraine over the past day
February 2017: 1 February 2017: Combined Russian-separatist forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 86 times in the past 24 hours - 1 Februar 2017: One Ukrainian soldier killed and 18 were wounded in the anti-terrorist operation zone in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 2 February: Russian-backed militants launched 67 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 2 February: Two Ukrainian soldiers were killed, 14 were wounded and 6 were injured in the anti-terrorist operation zone in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 3 February: Russian-backed militants launched 114 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, four Ukrainian soldiers were killed, another 17 were wounded - 3 February 2017: Bellingcat international team of investigators in cooperation with the Conflict Intelligence Team confirmed that Russian-backed militants shelled the positions of Ukrainian troops from occupied residential areas of Donetsk - 4 February: Russian-backed militants launched 115 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, 3 Ukrainian soldiers were killed, another 7 were wounded - 5 February: 51 attacks by Russian-backed militants were recorded in Donbas over the past day, one Ukrainian soldier was killed in action, another one was wounded - 6 February: Russian-backed militants launched 94 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, five Ukrainian soldiers were wounded, another one was injured - 7 February: Russian-backed militants launched 78 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, one Ukrainian soldiers was wounded - 8 February: Russian-backed militants launched 89 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, three Ukrainian soldiers were wounded, another three were injured - 9 February: Russian-backed militants launched 82 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 10 February 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 61 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 10 February: Eight civilians have been killed due to militants’ shelling of Avdiivka, according to OSCE - 11 February 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 63 attacks on positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in ATO area in Donbas over the past day - 12 February: 59 attacks by Russian-backed militants were recorded in Donbas over the past day, two Ukrainian soldiers were wounded - 13 February: 67 attacks by Russian-backed militants were recorded in Donbas over the past day - 14 February: Almost 100 wounded Ukrainian soldiers reportedly evacuated to Dnipro last week - 14 February 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 72 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 15 February: Russian-backed militants launched 52 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 16 February: Russian-backed militants launched 49 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, one Ukrainian soldier was killed, another three were wounded and one injured - 17 February 2017: One civilian killed and another wounded in a new attack by Russia's hybrid military forces on Thursday, according to local authorities of the Ukrainian-controlled town of Avdiyivka - 17 February: Russian-backed militants launched 66 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, three Ukrainian soldiers were killed, another ten were wounded - 18 February: 73 attacks by Russian-backed militants were recorded in Donbas over the past day, four Ukrainian soldiers and two civilians were wounded - 19 February: 105 attacks by Russian-backed militants were recorded in Donbas over the past day, six Ukrainian soldiers were wounded - 20 February: Russian-backed militants launched 62 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, one Ukrainian soldiers was killed, another one was wounded - 21 February 2017: Over 9,800 people were killed, about 23,000 wounded and almost 1.8 million forced to flee from the war in Donbas in three years of Russian aggression against Ukraine, according to the Ukrainian Ministry of Foreign Affairs - 21 February 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 74 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, two Ukrainian soldiers were wounded, another seven were injured - 22 February 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 59 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, one Ukrainian soldier was wounded - 23 February 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 54 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 24 February 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 83 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 24 February 2017: Russian-backed militants shoot at OSCE monitors, seize UAV - 24 February 2017: One Ukrainian soldier killed, two wounded in last day - 25 February 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 92 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 25 February: Sixteen Ukrainian servicemen were wounded in the anti-terrorist operation area in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 26 February: 49 attacks by Russian-backed militants were recorded in Donbas over the past day, five Ukrainian soldiers were wounded and injured - 27 February 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 62 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, two Ukrainian soldiers were killed and another two were wounded - 28 February 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 84 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, one Ukrainian soldier was wounded
March 2017: 1 March 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 117 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, two Ukrainian soldiers were killed, another two were wounded and one soldier was injured - 2 March 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 118 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, one Ukrainian soldier was killed, another nine were wounded - 3 March 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 116 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, one Ukrainian soldier was killed, another 22 were wounded - 4 March 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 115 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, two Ukrainian soldiers were wounded - 5 March: 110 attacks by Russian-backed militants were recorded in Donbas over the past day, one Ukrainian soldier was killed and ten were wounded - 6 March 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 100 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, two Ukrainian soldiers were wounded - 7 March 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 112 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, four Ukrainian servicemen were wounded, one was injured, and one soldier was killed - 8 March 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 108 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, four Ukrainian servicemen were wounded, and three were injured - 9 March 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 69 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 10 March 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 80 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, with five Ukrainian soldiers reported as wounded - 11 March 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 107 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 11 March 2017: Two Ukrainian soldiers were killed, another sixteen servicepersons were wounded and injured in the anti-terrorist operation area in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 12 March: Russian-backed militants shelled Maryinka and Mykolaivka over the past day - 13 March 2017: Russian-backed militants, using banned weapons, launched 82 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day wounding six Ukrainian soldiers - 14 March 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 97 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding four - 15 March: Russian-backed militants launched 106 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding six Ukrainian soldiers - 16 March: Russian-backed militants launched 91 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 17 March: Russian-backed militants launched 77 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, two Ukrainian soldiers were killed, and eight were wounded - 18 March: Russian-backed militants launched 112 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, four Ukrainian soldiers killed and three wounded - 19 March: Ukraine's defense ministry reports five soldiers wounded in past day - 20 March: Russian-backed militants launched 55 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 21 March: Russian-backed militants launched 60 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, killing three Ukrainian soldiers and wounding nine - 22 March: Russian-backed militants launched 76 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 23 March: Russian-backed militants launched 84 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 24 March: Russian-backed militants launched 94 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 25 March: Russian-backed militants launched 78 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 25 March: Two Ukrainian soldiers were killed and one soldier was wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 26 March: Russian-backed militants launched 81 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, leaving six Ukrainian troops wounded and another two injured - 27 March: Russian-backed militants launched 88 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, killing three Ukrainian soldiers and wounding eight - 28 March: Russian-backed militants launched 58 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 29 March: Russian-backed militants launched 61 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 30 March: Russian-backed militants launched 83 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 30 March: Two Ukrainian soldiers killed, nine wounded in Donbas on Thursday, after the Trilateral Contact Group in Minsk announced a full ceasefire had been agreed from Saturday, 1 April - 31 March: Russian-backed militants launched 83 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 31 March: Two Ukrainian soldiers were killed in eastern Ukraine over the past day
April 2017: 1 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 94 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 1 April: Ten Ukrainian soldiers wounded in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 2 April 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces on Saturday 1 April continued provocations in Donbas and mounted 37 attacks on Ukrainian positions despite recent agreements reached by the Trilateral Contact Group in Minsk on a ceasefire along the entire contact line from 00:00 local time on the same day, as Ukrainian servicemen have strictly been adhering to the ceasefire regime and have not fired back, but four Ukrainian defenders were wounded, according to Ukrainian press center - 3 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 32 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, one Ukrainian soldier reportedly wounded - 4 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 48 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, killing two Ukrainian soldiers - 5 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 54 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding five Ukrainian soldiers - 6 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 29 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding 4 Ukrainian soldiers - 7 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 48 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding five Ukrainian soldiers - 8 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 43 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 8 April: 5 Ukrainian soldiers wounded in the anti-terrorist operation area in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 8 April: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 18 times on 8 April - 9 April 2017: Russian-backed militants increased the number of shellings to 59 over the past day - 10 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 44 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 11 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 64 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 12 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 45 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding 5 Ukrainian soldiers - 13 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 61 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 13 April 2017: One Ukrainian soldier killed in mortar attack on Butivka coal mine by Russia's hybrid military forces - 14 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 65 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 15 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 45 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 16 April 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 29 times in the past 24 hours, Easter 'ceasefire' 2017 - 17 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 22 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers on Easter sunday - 18 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 32 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 19 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 35 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 20 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 18 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 21 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 47 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding eight, as according to Ukrainian president, Ukraine has lost 69 servicemen and over 420 have been wounded since the beginning of 2017 - 22 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 41 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 23 April 2017: One Ukrainian soldier killed near Avdiyivka, as Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 25 times on 22 April - 24 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 34 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding two - 25 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 21 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 26 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 65 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, killing three Ukrainian soldiers - 27 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 47 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 28 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 52 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding four - 29 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 70 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 29 April 2017: Two Ukrainian soldiers were killed, another six wounded in the anti-terrorist operation area in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 30 April 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 54 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, killing two and wounding four Ukrainian soldiers
May 2017: 1 May 2017: Russian regime's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 54 times in the past 24 hours, with one Ukrainian soldier reported as killed and seven as wounded - 2 May 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 55 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 3 May 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 63 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding three - 4 May 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 52 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding nine Ukrainian soldiers - 5 May 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 58 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding ten Ukrainian soldiers - 6 May 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 63 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding five Ukrainian soldiers - 7 May 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 45 times in the past 24 hours with five Ukrainian soldiers reported as wounded - 8 May 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 65 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 9 May 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian troops 50 times in the past day, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding nine - 10 May 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 70 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 10 May 2017: Five civilians were injured as a result of shelling by militants in Donetsk region at the weekend - 11 May 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 37 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 12 May 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 53 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, killing two and wounding six Ukrainian soldiers - 14 May 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian troops 61 times in the past day, wounding 4 Ukrainian soldiers - 15 May 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 49 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding 6 Ukrainian soldiers - 16 May 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 37 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 17 May 2017: Over 500 homes in Avdiyivka damaged by Russia's hybrid military forces since year's start - 17 May 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 43 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 18 May 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 52 times in the past 24 hours with 5 Ukrainian soldiers reported as wounded - 19 May 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 40 times in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 20 May 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 55 times in the past 24 hours with four Ukrainian soldiers reported as wounded - 21 May 2017: Seven Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in shelling in Donbas in the past day - 22 May 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 48 times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 23 May 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 59 times over the past day, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 24 May 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 53 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 25 May 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 50 times in the past 24 hours wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 26 May 2017: OSCE spots banned Gvozdika howitzers in militant-controlled area of Donbas - 26 May 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 57 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, with the increased use of heavy artillery, wounding 5 Ukrainian soldiers - 27 May 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 61 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 28 May 2017: Eight Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in action in Donbas, as a result of 49 attacks mounted by Russia's hybrid military forces - 29 May 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 48 times in the past 24 hours wounding seven Ukrainian soldiers - 30 May 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 50 times in the past 24 hours wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 31 May 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 44 times over the past day, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding five
June 2017: 1 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 35 times in the past 24 hours wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 2 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 28 times in the past 24 hours despite a new agreement on a truce as of June 1 - 3 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 53 times in the past 24 hours killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding five - 3 June 2017: Russian-backed militants shell school, houses in Krasnohorivka, injuring a civilian woman - 4 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 58 times in the past 24 hours, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding five - 5 June 2017: Bellingcat publishes new evidence of Buk 332 origin used to down Malaysian Airlines flight MH17 - 5 June 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 60 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 6 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 77 times in the past 24 hours wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 7 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 85 times in the past 24 hours wwounding eight Ukrainian soldiers - 8 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces reportedly shelled the secondary school in the town of Krasnohorivka, using banned weapons - 8 June 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 71 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding eleven - 9 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 45 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding six - 10 June 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 71 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 11 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 73 times in the past 24 hours killing four Ukrainian soldiers and wounding seven - 12 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 67 times in the past 24 hours, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding four - 13 June 2017: UN Human Rights monitors record 36 civilian deaths in Donbas in past three months - 13 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 57 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding five - 14 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 52 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding seven - 15 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 55 times in the past 24 hours, wounding with three Ukrainian soldiers - 16 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 50 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 17 June 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 67 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 18 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 66 times in the past 24 hours, wounding five Ukrainian soldiers - 19 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian troops 47 times in the past day, using proscribed 120mm weapons 10 times, and wounding six Ukrainian soldiers - 20 June 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 43 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 21 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 36 attacks on the Ukrainian positions, resorting to heavy artillery systems five times, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 21 June 2017: UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine has recorded 375 conflict-related civilian casualties - 67 killed and 308 injured - in Donbas since the beginning of 2017 - 22 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 35 times in the past 24 hours - 23 June 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 29 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 24 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 48 times in the past 24 hours, killing two Ukrainian soldiers - 25 June 2017: So-called 'harvest ceasefire' in Donbas has failed as Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 26 times in the past 24 hours, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding two - 26 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 23 times in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 27 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 18 times in the past 24 hours, again violating ceasefire, declared due to crop harvesting - 28 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 31 times in the past 24 hours - 29 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 35 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding three - 30 June 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 22 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding six
July 2017: 1 July 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 35 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding nine - 2 July 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian troops 24 times in the past day, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding three - 3 July 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 20 times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 4 July 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 22 times in the past 24 hours, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding three - 5 July 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 15 times in the past 24 hours - 6 July 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 13 times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 7 July 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 25 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding one soldier - 8 July 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 22 times in the past 24 hours, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 8 July 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 11 times on July 8 - 10 July 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 38 times in the past day - 11 July 2017: Within the past 24 hours Russian-backed militants violated ceasefire 22 times, one Ukrainian soldier was killed in a landmine explosion outside Stanytsia Luhanska - 12 July 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 21 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 13 July 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 30 times in the past day, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding one - 14 July 2017: Pro-Russian militants breach ceasefire in Donbas 29 times in past 24 hours - 15 July 2017: Over the past 24 hours, pro-Russian militants in Donbas violated the ceasefire agreement 35 times - 16 July 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 26 times in the past day, wounding one Ukrainian soldier, one Ukrainian soldier killed in landmine blast - 17 July 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 16 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 18 July 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces breached the ceasefire in Donbas 17 times in the last day, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 19 July 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 23 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 20 July 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 21 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, killing four Ukrainian soldiers and wounding three - 21 July 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 29 times in the past 24 hours, killing five Ukrainian soldiers and wounding eight - 22 July 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 11 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day and continue to violate ceasefire - 22 July 2017: One Ukrainian soldier was killed, another two soldiers were wounded in the anti-terrorist operation area in eastern Ukraine over the past day - 24 July 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 14 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 24 July 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 27 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 26 July 2017: The confirmed losses of the Russian occupation forces in Donbas were 28 people on July 17-24, according to NGO - 26 July 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 22 times in the past 24 hours - 27 July 2017: As the number of attacks launched by Russian-terrorist groups was small, they ramped up the reconnaissance activity with the help of unmanned aerial vehicles - 28 July 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 22 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 28 July 2017: One Ukrainian soldier killed in Donbas in last day - 29 July 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 19 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 30 July 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces violated the ceasefire in Donbas 14 times in the past day - 31 July 2017: 4 Ukrainian soldiers wounded in Donbas in last day - 31 July 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 26 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day
August 2017: 1 August 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 18 times in the past 24 hours, wounding five Ukrainian soldiers - 2 August 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 28 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding one - 3 August 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 30 times in the past 24 hours, using heavy weapons - 4 August 2017: Russian-backed militants shell Ukraine forces 21 times in last day - 5 August 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian positions in Donbas 38 times in last day, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 7 August 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 18 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 7 August 2017: A Ukrainian soldier has been killed by an enemy sniper near the town of Maryinka - 8 August 2017: Russian-backed militants violated ceasefire 18 times across the zone of the Anti-Terrorist Operation, leaving one Ukrainian soldier killed and another two wounded - 9 August 2017: Russian-backed militants violated the ceasefire 28 times, leaving three Ukrainian troops killed and eight soldiers wounded - 10 August 2017: Russian-backed illegal armed groups in eastern Ukraine violated the ceasefire 16 times, injuring one Ukrainian soldier - 11 August 2017: Russian backed illegal armed groups violated ceasefire 15 times, leaving a Ukrainian soldier wounded, as another soldier was killed as a result of an explosion on an unknown explosive device - 12 August 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 20 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding six - 13 August 2017: One Ukrainian soldier was killed and another one wounded, as Russia-backed militants breach the ceasefire agreement 17 times over the past 24 hours - 14 August 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 25 times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 15 August 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 31 times in the past 24 hours, wounding eight Ukrainian soldiers - 16 August 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 33 times in the past 24 hours, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 17 August 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 35 times in the past day, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding four - 18 August 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 27 times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 19 August 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian positions in Donbas 25 times over the past day, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 20 August 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 30 times in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 21 August 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 47 times in the past 24 hours, wounding five Ukrainian soldiers - 22 August 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 30 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding one - 23 August 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 28 times in the past 24 hours, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 24 August 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 18 times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 25 August 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 22 times in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 26 August 2017: The first 24 hours of the 'school-year truce' in Donbas reportedly saw no complete ceasefire as illegal armed groups opened fire 18 times, leaving two Ukrainian soldiers wounded - 27 August 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 35 times in the past 24 hour - 28 August 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 22 times in the past 24 hours - 29 August 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 19 times in the past 24 hours - 30 August 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 21 times in the past 24 hours - 31 August 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 19 times in the past 24 hours
September 2017: 1 September 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 24 times in the past 24 hours - 2 September 2017: On September 1, Russian-occupation forces in Donbas fired at the Ukrainian troops 20 times - 3 September 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian troops in Donbas 26 times on Saturday - 4 September 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 44 times in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 5 September 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 36 times in the past 24 hours - 6 September 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 32 times in the past 24 hours - 7 September 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 34 times in the past 24 hours - 8 September 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 25 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 9 September 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 35 times in the past 24 hours, wounding five Ukrainian soldiers - 10 September 2017: In the past 24 hours, Russian proxies in Donbas opened fire on the positions of the Ukrainian army 41 times - 11 September 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 51 times in the past 24 hours - 12 September 2017: The UN monitoring mission in May-August recorded the deaths of 26 civilians in Donbas, while another 135 people were wounded - 12 September 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 36 times in the past 24 hours - 13 September 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 27 times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 14 September 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 25 times in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 15 September 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 28 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 16 September 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 30 times in the past 24 hours, woundign one Ukrainian soldier - 17 September 2017: Ukraine reports 13 attacks in Donbas on Sunday, one Ukrainian soldier wounded in action - 18 September 2017: Russian-occupation forces violated the truce 31 times over the past day, also using artillery, while the forces of Ukrainian anti-terrorist forces returned fire 14 times in the same period - 19 September 2017: Russian-backed militants violate truce 14 times in last day - 20 September 2017: Donbas Russian-backed militants violate truce 23 times in past day, Ukraine army responds to every 2nd shelling - 21 September 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 19 times in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 22 September 2017: Over the past day, illegal armed groups violated the truce 16 times in Donbas - 23 September 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 27 times in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 23 September 2017: One Ukrainian soldier killed amid two attacks by Russia's hybrid military forces in Donbas on September 23 - 24 September 2017: Another Ukrainian soldier killed in Donbas hostilities as Russian-backed militants attack 18 times in past day - 25 September 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian troops in Donbas 22 times on Sunday, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 26 September 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 13 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 27 September 2017: Ukraine's military prosecutors see subversive activity in Kalynivka ammo depot blasts - 27 September 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces violated the ceasefire in Donbas on Tuesday 15 times, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 28 September 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces violated the ceasefire in Donbas 15 times in the past day - 29 September 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 16 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding two Ukrainian servicemen - 30 September 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 16 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding four Ukrainian servicemen - 30 September 2017: Donbas militants intensify attacks, three Ukrainian soldiers wounded in action
October 2017: 2 October 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 14 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, with one Ukrainian soldier reported as killed in a mine blast - 3 October 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 17 times in the past 24 hours - 4 October 2017: Militants have opened fire on the positions of the anti-terrorist operation forces in east Ukraine 22 times over the past 24 hours - 5 October 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 19 times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 6 October 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 24 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas in last day - 7 October 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 9 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas in last day - 8 October 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian troops 19 times in the past day, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 9 October 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 26 times over the past 24 hours - 10 October 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 12 times in the past 24 hours, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 11 October 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 15 times in the past 24 hours, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 12 October 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 41 times in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 13 October 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 22 times in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 13 October 2017: Putin's Russian occupation forces lost six people in Donbas on October 3-10, according to Information Resistance, a Ukrainian non-governmental project - 14 October 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 21 times in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 15 October 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 23 times in the past 24 hours - 16 October 2017: Over the past day, Russian-backed illegal armed groups violated the ceasefire 16 times in Donbas, while two Ukrainian troops were wounded - 17 October 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 36 times in the past 24 hours, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding another two - 18 October 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 44 times in the past 24 hours, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding four - 19 October 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 53 times in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 20 October 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 15 times in the past 24 hours - 21 October 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 24 times in the past 24 hours - 22 October 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 14 times in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 23 October 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces violated the ceasefire in Donbas 12 times in the past day, as a result of which one Ukrainian soldier was wounded - 24 October 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 22 times yesterday, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 25 October 2017: Donbas in eastern Ukraine is rapidly becoming one of the most mined areas in the world, according to the UN - 25 October 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian troops 15 times in Donbas in the past day, killing four Ukrainian soldiers and wounding another four - 26 October 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian troops in Donbas 15 times, in some cases using proscribed weapons, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 27 October 2017: Number of attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas grows to 20 on October 26 - 28 October 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 19 times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 29 October 2017: Ukraine reports escalation in Donetsk sector, one Ukrainian soldier killed, two wounded on 28 October - 30 October 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 15 times in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 31 October 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 10 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas in last day, wounding one Ukrainian soldier
November 2017: 1 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 17 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding and five troops - 2 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 17 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two troops - 3 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian positions in Donbas 16 times in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 4 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 29 times in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 5 November 2017: Over the past day, illegal armed groups in Donbas violated ceasefire 25 times - 6 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 23 times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 7 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 13 times in the past 24 hours - 8 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 17 times on 7 November 2017, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding another three - 9 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 19 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another three - 10 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 19 times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 11 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 33 times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 12 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces violated the ceasefire in Donbas 18 times in the past day, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 13 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 33 times in the past 24 hours - 14 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 33 times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 15 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 23 times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 16 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 16 times in the past 24 hours - 17 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 22 times in the past 24 hours - 18 November 2017: Ukraine reports one killed Ukrainian soldier amid enemy shellings in Donbas - 19 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 30 times in the past 24 hours, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 20 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 26 times in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 21 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 17 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 22 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas nine times in the past 24 hours - 23 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 12 times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 24 November 2017: Russian-backed militants violated ceasefire 7 times in Donbas in last day, killing 5 Ukrainian soldiers, wounding another four, as Ukrainian troops killed four occupiers during a fight near Krymske - 25 November 2017: 17 ceasefire violations by occupiers have been recorded along the entire contact line in Donbas over the past 24 hours - 26 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions 15 times on Saturday, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding four - 27 November 2017: Russian-backed militants launched 12 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas in last day - 28 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 22 times in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 29 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 27 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 30 November 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces continued to attack the positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the past 24 hours, employing banned weapons
December 2017: 1 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 25 times in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 2 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 26 times in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 3 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 30 times in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 4 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 38 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another four - 5 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 21 times in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 6 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 24 times in the past 24 hours - 7 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 27 times in the past 24 hours - 8 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 17 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another three - 9 December 2017: Four Ukrainian military servicemen were killed and another one wounded amid 28 shellings by Russian hybrid forces on the positions of the Ukrainian Armed Forces over the past day - 10 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces continued shelling Ukrainian positions in Donbas, using mortars of various caliber - 11 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 35 times in the past 24 hours, wounding five Ukrainian soldiers - 12 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 22 times in the past 24 hours - 13 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 24 times in the past 24 hours - 14 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 30 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 15 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 24 times in the past 24 hours, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 16 December 2017: Russian-backed militants launched eight attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas in last day - 17 December 2017: Russian-terrorist forces in the past 24 hours fired 31 times at the positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 18 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 14 times in the past 24 hours, killing three Ukrainian soldiers - 19 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 16 times in the past 24 hours - 20 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 32 times in the past 24 hours, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding another six - 21 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 15 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another four - 22 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 16 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding two - 23 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 22 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 24 December 2017: A Ukrainian soldier was killed by an enemy sniper in Donbas on the first day of the so-called Christmas ceasefire, according to the Ukrainian press service - 25 December 2017: Over the past day, Russian-backed militants violated the ceasefire six times, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 26 December 2017: Russian-backed militants shell Ukrainian anti-terrorist operation forces in two Donbas sectors - 27 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas six times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another five - 28 December 2017: Ukraine's Yuriy Hrymchak said an exchange of prisoners was coordinated with the Russian Federation, not with the pro-Russian militants in Donbas - 28 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas four times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 29 December 2017: Russian-backed militants launched six attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas in last day, as one Ukrainian soldier was wounded due to Russian-backed militants' shelling - 30 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas six times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 31 December 2017: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas four times in the past 24 hours
January 2018: 1 January 2018: One Ukrainian soldier was wounded in Donbas as a result of an attack by Russia's hybrid military forces, which violated the ceasefire seven times in the past day - 2 January 2018: Combined forces of Russian-backed militants and Russian troops on 1 January continued violating the ceasefire, which was agreed from 23 December in Donbas, and mounted five targeted attacks on Ukrainian army positions - 3 January 2018: Ukrainian positions in Donbas come under mortar fire, two soldiers wounded on 2 January - 4 January 2018: Five attacks on Ukrainian troops reported and one Ukrainian reconnaissance officer killed on 3 January - 5 January 2018: Russian-backed militants launched two attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas in last day, wounding one Ukrainian serviceman, despite the agreements of the Trilateral Contact Group on ceasefire during 'holidays' - 6 January 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces continue shelling Ukrainian troops in Donbas, using proscribed weapons and wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 7 January 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas three times in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 8 January 2018: Truce announced ahead of the Orthodox Christmas has lasted for almost 24 hours but on Sunday afternoon, Russia's hybrid military forces resorted to armed provocations and breached ceasefire accords reached by the Tripartite Contact Group in Minsk, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 9 January 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas six times in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 10 January 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas three times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 11 January 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas seven times in the past 24 hours, killing three Ukrainian soldiers and wounding another four - 12 January 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas nine times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another four - 13 January 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 10 times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 14 January 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas six times in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 15 January 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas six times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 16 January 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas three times in the past 24 hours - 17 January 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas three times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers, as two Ukrainian soldiers killed, five wounded in blast - 18 January 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas seven times in the past 24 hours, killinf three Ukrainian soldiers and wounding another five - 19 January 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas twice in the past 24 hours - 20 January 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas seven times in the past 24 hours - 21 January 2018: Russia's occupation forces launch six attacks on the Ukrainian army in the past day, using banned weapons - 22 January 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas twice in the past 24 hours - 23 January 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas six times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 24 January 2018: Tuesday reportedly saw no ceasefire violations in Donbas for the first time in a long period - 25 January 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces carried out three attacks on Ukraine forces' positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 26 January 2018: OSCE reports 478 civilian casualties in Donbas in 2017 - 26 January 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas three times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 27 January 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas one time in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 29 January 2018: Russian proxies attack Ukraine four times in past day - 30 January 2018: Russian occupation forces mounted only one attack on Ukraine's s positions in Donbas at night - 31 January 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted three attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two
1 February 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted five attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 2 February 2018: Russia's proxy forces mounted four attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 3 February 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted four attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 4 February 2018: 3 attacks on Ukraine with 120mm mortars, grenade launchers, one Ukrainian soldier wounded in action - 5 February 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas five times in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 6 February 2018: Russia's proxy forces mounted four attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 7 February 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 14 times in the past 24 hours, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 8 February 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 17 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 9 February 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas four times in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 10 February 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 11 February 2018: Russian-occupation forces reportedly continued to shell the strong points of Ukraine’s Armed Forces on Saturday - 12 February 2018: Russia's proxy forces mounted nine attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 13 February 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 14 February 2018: Russia's proxy forces mounted 14 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 15 February 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 14 times in the past 24 hours, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 16 February 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted five attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 17 February 2018: Ukraine reports 20 Russian backed attacks in last day, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 18 February 2018: Attacking 10 times, Russian-led forces in Donbas used proscribed weapons, namely large-caliber artillery systems, heavy mortars, and a tank, to attack the Ukrainian army in the past day, wounding one Ukrainian soldier, as 21 Ukrainian soldiers have been killed and another 90 wounded in Donbas since year's start according to Ukrainian president - 19 February 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 10 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 20 February 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 12 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another four - 21 February 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 15 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another seven - 22 February 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 20 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another four - 23 February 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 19 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 24 February 2018: Russian proxies continue firing from Minsk-banned weapons, as a total of 13 ceasefire violations by militants were recorded in the past day - 25 February 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted four attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 26 February 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted five attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 27 February 2018: Russian-backed militants launched five attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 28 February 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces lobbed at least fifteen shells into civilian areas in the village of Luhanske in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 28 February 2018: Russian-backed militants launched seven attacks on Ukrainian positions and a village in Donbas over the past day - 28 February 2018: Four years of Ukraine conflict leave 4.4 million people in dire need of humanitarian assistance
March 2018: 1 March 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas five times in the past 24 hours - 2 March 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas twice in the past 24 hours - 3 March 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted eight attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 4 March 2018: The Russian-led forces have resumed attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas, launching eight enemy attacks in the past 24 hours - 5 March 2018: Russian-backed militants launched 7 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in last day - 6 March 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted three attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 7 March 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas three times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 8 March 2018: Russian proxies violated ceasefire three times, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 9 March 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas three times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 10 March 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted three attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 11 March 2018: Russian-led occupation forces mounted five attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 12 March 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted four attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another three - 13 March 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas five times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 14 March 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas four times in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 16 March 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas four times in the past 24 hours - 17 March 2018: Militants open fire at defenders of Troyitske in Donbas - 18 March 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces used grenade launchers to attack Ukrainian positions near the village of Opytne in Donetsk sector in the past day - 19 March 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas two times in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 20 March 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas once in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 21 March 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas five times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 24 March 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas three times in the past 24 hours - 25 March 2018: Over the past day Russian-occupation troops shelled Ukrainian positions 13 times - 26 March 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 44 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 27 March 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 47 times in the past 24 hours - 28 March 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 32 times in the past 24 hours - 29 March 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 54 times in the past 24 hours - 30 March 2018: 'Easter ceasefire' in Donbas fails on its first day with attacks on Ukrainian positions, as Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 57 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 31 March 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 32 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another four
April 2018: 1 April 2018: Two Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in Donbas in the past day, as Russian-backed militants in eastern Ukraine used grenade launchers both in the Donetsk and Luhansk sectors - 2 April 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 38 times in the past 24 hours in defiance of an earlier announced ceasefire - 3 April 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 20 times in the past 24 hours in violation of an earlier announced truce set to last throughout the Easter holidays - 4 April 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 24 times in the past day, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 5 April 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 39 times in the past 24 hours, as Ukraine's anti-terrorist operation will gain a military format in May under the leadership of General Serhiy Nayev, according president Poroshenko - 6 April 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 27 times in the past 24 hours in defiance of an earlier announced ceasefire - 7 April 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 42 times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 8 April 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 42 times in the past 24 hours in defiance of an earlier announced ceasefire, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 9 April 2018: On a festive Easter Sunday, Russian-occupation forces violated the recently-established ceasefire 35 times, shelling positions of Ukrainian forces, wounding five Ukrainian military - 10 April 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 35 times in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 11 April 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 64 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 12 April 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 38 times in the past 24 hours - 13 April 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 66 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 14 April 2018: Russian-backed militants launched 43 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas over the past day - 15 April 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces in eastern Ukraine mounted 52 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 16 April 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 59 times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 17 April 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 52 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another five - 18 April 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 45 times in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another three - 19 April 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 50 times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 20 April 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 35 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 21 April 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 36 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, Killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 22 April 2018: Over the past 24 hours Russian-backed militants shelled Ukrainian forces in eastern Ukraine's warzone 47 times, killing one Ukrainian soldier, wounding two military and injuring another two - 23 April 2018: Russian-led troops in Donbas mount 30 attacks on Ukraine in last day - 24 April 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 44 times in the past 24 hours, wounding five Ukrainian soldiers - 25 April 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 69 times in the past 24 hours, wounding 11 Ukrainian soldiers - 26 April 2018: Russian-led forces widely use proscribed weapons in Donbas with 76 attacks in the past day, wounding several Ukrainian soldiers - 27 April 2018: Five Ukrainian soldiers were wounded amid 52 Russian-backed attacks in Donbas in the past day - 28 April 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas 53 times in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 29 April 2018: Seven Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in Donbas in the past day, as Russian-backed forces continued using proscribed weapons - 30 April 2018: Over the past day, Russian-occupation troops shelled positions of Ukrainian defenders 47 times, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers
May 2018: 1 May 2018: Russian-backed militants have fired at Ukainian positions in Donbas 44 times over the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian servicemen - 2 May 2018: Over the past day, Russian-backed militants shelled 52 times positions of government troops in Donbas, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers on May Day - 3 May 2018: In the past 24 hours, three Ukrainian soldiers were wounded as pro-Russian militants opened fire 22 times against the Ukrainian positions in Donbas - 4 May 2018: Russian-backed militants used banned weapons 21 times, but suffered casualties in the past 24 hours - 5 May 2018: Donbas Russian-backed militants shell residential neighborhood in Zaitseve - 6 May 20ß18: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian army positions in Donbas nine times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 7 May 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 80 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day - 8 May 2018: Russian-led forces opened fire 15 times from weapons banned by the Minsk accords, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 9 May 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 57 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas in the past day, wounding five Ukrainian soldiers, one of them in critical condition - 9 May 2018: Two Ukrainian villages in Luhansk region came under heavy artillery fire by Russian-led forces on 8 May, wounding a 75-year-old woman - 10 May 2018: Five Ukrainian soldiers were wounded and one was killed on 9 May by Russian-led forces - 11 May 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 55 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day, using heavy weapons 15 times - 12 May 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 50 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day, using heavy weapons 19 times - 13 May 2018: Russian-led troops in Donbas violated the ceasefire 73 times, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another four - 14 May 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 63 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day - 15 May 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 42 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day - 16 May 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 45 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day, using heavy weapons 17 times - 17 May 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 66 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding another four - 18 May 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 60 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding seven Ukrainian soldiers - 18 May 2018: Russian forces shell Troyitske in Luhansk region, kill family with teenager - 19 May 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 43 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day - 20 May 2018: The Russian-led forces resorted to Grad multiple rocket launchers and 122mm artillery systems, having increased the number of attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas to 58 incidents in the past day - 21 May 2018: Russian-backed forces have blown up a bridge on the Khrustalniy-Luhansk route near the village of Ivanivka - 21 May 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 55 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day - 22 May 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 53 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding nine - 23 May 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 49 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another three - 24 May 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 38 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 24 May 2018: Investigators say identify Russian military unit in 2014 MH17 downing - 25 May 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 36 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day, using artillery systems and mortars 12 times - 26 May 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 33 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 27 May 2018: Over the past day, May 26, Russian-occupation troops violated ceasefire in eastern Ukraine 28 times, killing one Ukrainian soldier was killed and wounding another four - 28 May 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 22 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 29 May 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 37 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding six Ukrainian soldiers - 30 May 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 36 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding 4 Ukrainian soldiers - 31 May 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 28 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers
June 2018: 1 June 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 26 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 1 June 2018: Two Ukrainian soldiers, who had earlier been wounded, died in Dnipro Regional Mechnikov Clinical Hospital - 2 June 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 33 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 3 June 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces continued violating the ceasefire in eastern Ukraine in the past day, mounting 28 attacks on the Ukrainian forces - 4 June 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 27 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day - 5 June 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 30 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day - 6 June 2018: Over the past day Russian proxy forces in eastern Ukraine violated the ceasefire 31 times, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 7 June 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 25 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding another two - 8 June 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 37 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 9 June 2018: Russian proxy forces violated the ceasefire regime 38 times, including nine times with the use of weapons banned by Minsk agreements - 10 June 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 30 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 11 June 2018: Russian-occupation forces violated the cease-fire regime 32 times - 12 June 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 27 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 13 June 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 32 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 14 June 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 33 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 15 June 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 33 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding another six - 16 June 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 36 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day, using heavy weapons in nine instances - 16 June 2018: Russian-led militants shell residential buildings in Novotoshkivske, use 80mm mortars - 17 June 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 27 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 18 June 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 20 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 19 June 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 28 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 20 June 2018: Russian-occupation forces violated the ceasefire regime 26 times, including three times with the use of heavy weapons banned by the Minsk agreements - 21 June 2018: Over the past 24 hours, Russian-occupation troops violated ceasefire 30 times, including six times with the use of artillery and mortars - 22 June 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 29 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 23 June 2018: Donbas Russian-backed militants break ceasefire 27 times in past day - 24 June 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 25 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding five Ukrainian soldiers - 25 June 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 22 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another four - 26 June 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 24 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 27 June 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 30 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 28 June 2018: Two civilians have been wounded in a mortar attack by Russian-controlled forces on the town of Zalizne near Toretsk in Donetsk region, as three Ukrainian soldiers were killed and another three were wounded in action in Donbas on 27 June - 29 June 2018: Four Ukrainian troops killed, two wounded in Donbas as militants mount 28 shellings in past day - 30 June 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 34 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers
July 2018: 1 July 2018: New truce in Donbas fails as Russian-controlled troops mount two attacks on Ukrainian army, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 2 July 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 25 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day, using heavy weapons in two instances - 3 July 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 21 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 4 July 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 17 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day, using heavy weapons in two instances - 5 July 2018: Russian occupation forces violated 19 times the ceasefire along the entire contact line, including two times with the use of heavy arms - 6 July 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 26 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 7 July 2018: Over the past day Russian occupation forces violated 30 times the ceasefire along the entire contact line in Donbas, including one time with the use of banned weapons - 8 July 2018: Over the past day Russian-occupation troops violated 13 times the truce along almost the entire line of contact in Donbas - 9 July 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 21 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 10 July 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 23 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 11 July 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 20 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 12 July 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 17 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 13 July 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 24 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 14 July 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 24 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 15 July 2018: Two Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in Donbas in the past day, as Russian-led forces mounted 23 attacks on Ukrainian positions - 16 July 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 29 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 17 July 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 19 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 18 July 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 21 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 19 July 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 17 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day, using heavy weapons in three instances - 20 July 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 18 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 21 July 2018: Russian-controlled militants open fire on OSCE UAV as it spots non-withdrawn heavy weapons - 21 July 2018: Russian proxy forces opened fire on Ukraine positions 29 times over the past 24 hours, wounding 3 Ukrainian soldiers - 22 July 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 15 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day, resorting to proscribed weapons twice - 23 July 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 15 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 24 July 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 21 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 25 July 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 33 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day, using heavy weapons in three instances - 26 July 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 24 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 27 July 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 32 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 28 July 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 34 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 29 July 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 25 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding another two - 30 July 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 30 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 31 July 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 40 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers
August 2018: 1 August 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 36 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 2 August 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 21 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 3 August 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 28 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 4 August 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 36 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day, using heavy weapons in six instances - 5 August 2018: Russian-backed militants violated the ceasefire 33 times, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 6 August 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 40 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 7 August 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 30 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 8 August 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 36 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day, using heavy weapons in five instances - 9 August 2018: OSCE spotted twenty-four T-72 tanks of the Russian occupation forces in eastern Ukraine on 6 August 2018 alone - 9 August 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 44 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another three - 9 August 2018: A Russian-backed missile got into a car with Ukrainian military near the town of Zolote in Donbas on Wednesday evening, killing a Ukrainian soldier and injuring another three troops - 10 August 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 45 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 11 August 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 36 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 12 August 2018: Russian occupation forces mounted 34 attacks on Ukrainian positions in the past day - 13 August 2018: Russian occupation forces opened fire 57 times on the positions of the Ukrainian military in Donbas, including 12 times from heavy weapons - 14 August 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 41 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 15 August 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 46 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another three - 16 August 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 43 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 17 August 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 30 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day, using heavy weapons in five instances - 18 August 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 40 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, using banned weapons and wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 19 August 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 43 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding another two - 20 August 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 20 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day - 21 August 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 23 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day - 22 August 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 24 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 23 August 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 24 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 24 August 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 42 attacks on the Ukrainian troops, killing five Ukrainian soldiers and wounding seven more, escalating their attacks the day before Ukraine marks its Independence Day - 24 August 2018: The father of two children killed in Russian attack on Ukrainian village of Vrubivka in Luhansk region, as also facilities belonging to a local school have been damaged in the attack - 25 August 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 39 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another four - 26 August 2018: Russian-occupation forces shelled Ukrainian positions in Donbas 33 times, including seven times from weapons banned by the Minsk agreements - 27 August 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 23 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 27 August 2018: A residential house has been damaged in a mortar attack on the village of Kriakivka, Luhansk region, by Russian-led forces - 28 August 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 26 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 29 August 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 32 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past day - 30 August 2018: Russian-backed militants launched 18 attacks on positions of Ukrainian troops in Donbas - 31 August 2018: Russian-backed militants launched 12 attacks on positions of Ukrainian troops in Donbas in last day - 31 August 2018: Chief of the so-called 'Donetsk People's Republic' Alexander Zakharchenko was blown up in one of the restaurants in a militant stronghold of Donetsk, after more than 10,000 people have died since Russian-backed attacks began in 2014, also displacing more than 1.5 million people, according to UN figures
September 2018: 1 September 2018: Over the past day Russian-occupation forces opened fire 11 times on Ukrainian positions - 2 September 2018: One Ukrainian soldier was killed, another two were wounded in the past day amid 11 attacks by Russian-backed militants and the so-called 'back-to-school' ceasefire in Donbas, which began on 29 August - 3 September 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 16 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding eight Ukrainian soldiers - 4 September 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukrainian Joint Forces' positions in Donbas 20 times in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 5 September 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 24 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 6 September 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 31 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and woounding another three - 7 September 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 28 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 8 September 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 32 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 9 September 2018: Over the past day Russian-backed militants opened fire 25 times on the positions of the Ukrainian Armed Forces in Donbas, wounding on Ukrainian soldier - 10 September 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 25 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 11 September 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 24 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 12 September 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 33 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another three - 13 September 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 38 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 14 September 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 37 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 15 September 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 25 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 16 September 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 28 attacks on Ukrainian positions on Saturday alone - 17 September 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 30 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 18 September 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 21 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 19 September 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 25 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding another one - 20 September 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 24 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 21 September 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 22 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 22 September 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 18 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 23 September 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 28 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours, using weapons prohibited by the Minsk accords in 5 cases - 24 September 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 35 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 25 September 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 27 attacks on the Ukrainian Joint Forces in Donbas - 26 September 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 24 attacks on the Ukrainian army in the past 24 hours, wounding 5 Ukrainian soldiers - Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 15 attacks on the Ukrainian army in the past 24 hours in Donbas - 28 September 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 22 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 29 September 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 34 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 30 September 2018: Three teens killed, another wounded in landmine blast near Russian-occupied Horlivka - 30 September 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 32 attacks on the Ukrainian army in Donbas in the past day, wounding one Ukrainian soldier
October 2018: 1 October 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 28 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 2 October 2018: Russian occupation forces in Donbas reportedly employ lasers to blind Ukrainian border guards - 2 October 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 21 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the last day - 3 October 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 34 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 4 October 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 21 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the last 24 hours - 5 October 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 20 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 6 October 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 19 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 7 October 2018: Two Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in action as a result of 25 attacks mounted by Russia's hybrid military forces in Donbas, eastern Ukraine, on Saturday - 8 October 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 27 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the last 24 hours - 9 October 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 36 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 10 October 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 39 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 11 October 2018: Two Ukrainian soldiers were killed in a landmine blast in the past 24 hours, while the total number of attacks by Russia's hybrid military forces on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas reached 28 incidents - 12 October 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 27 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the last 24 hours - 13 October 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 26 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 14 October 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 26 attacks on Ukrainian troops in eastern Ukraine in the last 24 hours - 15 October 2018: Over the past day, Russian invaders 23 times opened fire on the positions of the Ukrainian troops, including four times with the use of banned weapons - 16 October 2018: In the past day, Russian occupation forces opened fire at the Ukrainian positions 37 times, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another three - 17 October 2018: In the past day Russian-occupation forces 19 times opened fire on the positions of the Joint Forces in eastern Ukraine, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding another one - 18 October 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 17 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 19 October 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 16 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the last 24 hours - 20 October 2018: In the past day Russian occupation troops in Donbas opened fire 16 times on the positions of the Joined Forces, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 21 October 2018: Over the past day Russian occupation forces opened fire 17 times on the positions of Ukraine's Joint Forces in Donbas, wounding on Ukrainian soldier - 22 October 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 19 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 23 October 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 12 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the last 24 hours - 24 October 2018: Sales of illegal weapons have doubled in Ukraine in the past year, according to the national police, many of them smuggled from the east of the country occupied by Russia-backed forces - 24 October 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted nine attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 25 October 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 14 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 26 October 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 17 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 27 October 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted eight attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 28 October 2018: Russian-led forces use banned weapons in five out of fifteen attacks on Ukraine army in past day - 29 October 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 19 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 30 October 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 20 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 31 October 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 21 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers
November 2018: 1 November 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 24 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 2 November 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 20 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 3 November 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 22 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the last 24 hours - 4 November 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 20 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in past day - 5 November 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 18 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another four - 6 November 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 14 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the last 24 hours - 7 November 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 10 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 8 November 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 19 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 9 November 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 14 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 10 November 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted nine attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 12 November 2018: Russian-led forces mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the last 24 hours - 13 November 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted nine attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 14 November 2018: Russian-led forces mounted eight attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the last 24 hours - 15 November 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 16 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 16 November 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 16 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 17 November 2018: Russian occupation forces opened fire 10 times on Ukraine positions in the conflict zone, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 18 November 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 16 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 19 November 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 16 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the last 24 hours - 20 November 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 21 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 21 November 2018: Russian-led forces mounted six attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the last 24 hours - 22 November 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 23 November 2018: Russian-led forces mounted four attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the last 24 hours - 24 November 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 25 November 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted seven attacks on the Ukrainian army in Donbas in the past day, using proscribed weapons twice and fatally wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 26 November 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 16 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, with two Ukrainian soldiers - 27 November 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 18 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 28 November 2018: Russian-led forces mounted five attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the last 24 hours - 29 November 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 14 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 30 November 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 14 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier
December 2018: 1 December 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted six attacks on the Ukrainian army in Donbas in the past day - 2 December 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 15 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the last 24 hours - 3 December 2018: Russian-led forces mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the last 24 hours - 4 December 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 14 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 5 December 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 24 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another three - 6 December 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 15 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 7 December 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted six attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 8 December 2018: Over the past day Russian occupation forces opened fire 13 times on the defense positions of Ukraine's Joint Forces, killing one soldier and wounding another one - 10 December 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 14 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 11 December 2018: Russian-led forces mounted 12 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the last 24 hours - 12 December 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 13 December 2018: Russian-led forces mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian troops in eastern Ukraine in the last 24 hours - 14 December 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 22 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing two Ukrainian soldiers - 15 December 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 10 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 16 December 2018: Russian occupation forces violated the ceasefire 12 times in the zone of the Joint Forces Operation in Donbas, including using banned weapons, as a Ukrainian serviceman was shot dead by an enemy sniper and another one was injured in combat - 17 December 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 16 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 18 December 2018: Russian-led forces mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the last 24 hours - 19 December 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 20 December 2018: Russian-led forces mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas, eastern Ukraine, in the last 24 hours - 21 December 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted eight attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 22 December 2018: Russian-led forces mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours, using banned weapons banned - 22 December 2018: Russian-led forces mounted one attack on Ukrainian troops in Donbas on December 22 - 25 December 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 20 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 26 December 2018: Russian occupation forces violated the ceasefire five times, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 27 December 2018: Russian-led forces mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the last 24 hours - 28 December 2018: Russian occupation forces violated the ceasefire in Donbass eight times, including three times with the use of weapons proscribed by Minsk Agreements, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 29 December 2018: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 29 décembre 2018: Environ 7000 km2 sont contaminés par des mines dans l'est de l'Ukraine, ce qui en fait une des régions les plus minées au monde - 30 December 2018: Russian-led hybrid military forces mounted six attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas on December 29, the first day of a recently agreed 'New Year truce' - 31 December 2018: Russian proxy forces in eastern Ukraine's Donbas twice violated the ceasefire, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers, observing 'New Year truce' in Putin's way, as warplanes breach Russian-Turkish 'truce' agreement in Syria's Idlib province
January 2019: 1 January 2019: Russian-led forces mounted four attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 2 January 2019: Russian-led military forces violated the ceasefire three times in the past day, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 3 January 2019: Russian-led military forces mounted five attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas in the past day - 4 January 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted three attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past day, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 5 January 2019: Russian proxy forces violate ceasefire in Donbas three times in past 24 hours - 7 January 2019: Russian-led military forces mounted five attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas in the past day - 8 January 2019: Over the past day, Russian proxy forces in Donbas violated the ceasefire five times, wounding one Ukrainian soldier for Christmas - 9 January 2019: Russian-led forces attacked Ukrainian positions in Donbas once 8 January - 10 January 2019: Over the past day, Russian proxy forces in eastern Ukraine's Donbas twice violated the ceasefire - 11 January 2019: Over the past day Russian occupation forces violated the ceasefire three times, opening fire at the Ukrainian military - 12 January 2019: Pro-Russian militants violated the ceasefire seven times in the past day, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 13 January 2019: Russian-led forces reportedly used small arms to fire at a drone of the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine near the village of Chermalyk, as Russian proxy forces violated the 'ceasefire' in Donbas three times - 14 January 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 14 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas on Sunday, when one Ukrainian soldier was wounded and another Ukrainian soldier was wounded on Monday 14 January - 15 January 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 12 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 16 January 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted five attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 17 January 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas on 16 January, five Ukrainian soldiers wounded in truck blast - 18 January 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past day, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 19 January 2019: Russian-led forces mounted nine attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the last 24 hours - 20 January 2019: Russian-led forces mounted 16 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 21 January 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 16 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 22 January 2019: Russian-led forces mounted two attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 23 January 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted four attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 24 January 2019: Ukraine has reported one enemy attack over the last day along the entire frontline in eastern Ukraine - 25 January 2019: Russian-led forces mounted nine attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 26 January 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted eight attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another four - 27 January 2019: Russian occupation forces violated ceasefire ten times in eastern Ukraine's warzone, two times with banned weapons - 28 January 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted one attack on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 29 January 2019: Russian-led forces mounted five attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 30 January 2019: Russian-led forces mounted eight attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 31 January 2019: Russian-led forces mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours
February 2019: 1 February 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted six attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 2 February 2019: Russian-led forces mounted five attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 3 February 2019: Two Ukrainian soldiers were wounded amid 10 enemy attacks in Donbas on Saturday - 4 February 2019: Russian-led forces mounted nine attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 5 February 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted eight attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 6 February 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 12 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 7 February 2019: Russian-led forces mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 8 February 2019: Russian-led forces mounted six attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 8 February 2019: One Ukraine soldier killed, two wounded amid shelling by Russian-led forces on Friday - 9 Februar 2019: Russian occupation troops nine times violated the cease-fire regime, including twice with the use of arms banned by Minsk accords - 10 February 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 10 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 11 February 2019: Russian-led forces mounted nine attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours, as 4 members of the Russian-led forces lost their lives for Putin - 12 February 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 12 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 13 February 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted five attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 14 February 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 10 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 15 February 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 12 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 16 February 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted nine attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 17 February 2019: One Ukrainian soldier was killed, another one was wounded in attacks by Russia-led forces in Donbas on Saturday, another Ukrainian soldier was wounded on Sunday 17 February - 18 February 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 10 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 19 February 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 12 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 20 February 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 16 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 21 February 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 22 February 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 23 February 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 14 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 24 February 2019: Russian occupation forces in eastern Ukraine violated the ceasefire 11 times in the past day, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 25 February 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 16 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 26 February 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 27 February 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 28 February 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier
March 2019: 1 March 2019: Russian-led forces mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 2 March 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted four attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 3 March 2019: Russia-led forces mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, eastern Ukraine, on March 2, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 4 March 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted nine attacks on Ukraine Joint Forces' positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 5 March 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted nine attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 6 March 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 7 March 2019: Over the past day, Russian proxy forces nine times fired at Ukrainian positions in the Joint Forces Operation zone, including 11 times from banned weapons - 9 March 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted one attack on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 10 March 2019: Russian-led forces mounted three attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas, eastern Ukraine, in the past 24 hours - 12 March 2019: Russian-led forces mounted one attack on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 13 March 2019: Russian-led forces mounted three attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 14 March 2019: Russian occupation forces twice violated the cease-fire in Donbas - 15 March 2019: Russian-led forces mounted four attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 16 March 2019: Russian-led forces mounted six attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 17 March 2019: Russia-led forces mounted two attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one soldier and wounding another one - 18 March 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 10 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 19 March 2019: In the past 24 hours, Russia's hybrid military forces mounted three attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 20 March 2019: Russian-led forces mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 21 March 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 22 March 2019: In the past 24 hours, Russia's hybrid military forces mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, eastern Ukraine, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 23 March 2019: In the past 24 hours, Russia's hybrid military forces mounted six attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, eastern Ukraine, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 24 March 2019: During the past day, Russian occupation forces in Donbas three times violated the ceasefire - 25 March 2019: Russian occupying forces three times fired at the positions of Joint Forces in the past 24 hours - 26 March 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 27 March 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 23 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 27 March 2019: OSCE spots clusters of heavy weapons in Russia-occupied areas of Donbas, recorded both in Donetsk and Luhansk regions - 28 March 2019: Russian-led forces mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 29 March 2019: Russian occupation troops seven times opened fire at the positions of Ukraine's Joint Forces in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 30 March 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 19 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another four - 30 March 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted two attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas on March 30, wounding one Ukrainian soldier
April 2019: 1 April 2019: Russian occupation forces breached the ceasefire regime in Donbas once on Sunday, March 31 - 2 April 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 18 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 3 April 2019: In the past 24 hours, Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 14 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding another two - 4 April 2019: Over the past day, Russian occupation forces in Donbas six times violated the ceasefire regime, including four times using weapons banned by the Minsk agreements - 5 April 2019: Russian occupation forces in Donbas over the past 24 hours ten times opened fire at Joint Forces' positions, including eight times with the use of weapons proscribed by the Minsk Agreements, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 6 April 2019: Over the past day Russian-backed militants carried out 17 shellings of Ukraine troops, including 10 times with the use of banned weapons, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 7 April 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 14 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killing two Ukrainian soldiers - 8 April 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 10 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 9 April 2019: One Ukrainian pyrotechnics expert has died and another two have been injured in a blast near the village of Zaitseve during the mine clearance near the water pipeline, as nearly 270 civilians, incl. 27 children, killed in landmine blasts in Donbas since beginning of war - 9 April 2019: In the past 24 hours, Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killinh one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another three - 10 April 2019: Russia-led forces mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 11 April 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on April 10 mounted nine attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 12 April 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on April 11 mounted 20 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another eight - 13 April 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 14 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 14 April 2019: Russian proxy forces in eastern Ukraine fourteen times violated the ceasefire in the past 24 hours - 15 April 2019: Russia-led forces mounted 10 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 16 April 2019: Russia-led forces mounted 12 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 17 April 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on April 16 mounted nine attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 18 April 2019: Russia-led forces mounted eight attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas in the past 24 hours - 19 April 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on April 10 mounted 10 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 20 April 2019: Russia-led forces mounted 10 attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas, eastern Ukraine, in the past 24 hours - 21 April 2019: Russian occupation forces launched ten attacks, using banned weapons four times, on positions of Ukrainian troops in Donbas over the past day - 22 April 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on April 21 mounted two attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 22 April 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces have mounted nine attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas since the beginning of the day, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 23 April 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 14 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another three - 24 April 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted nine attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 25 April 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on April 24 mounted 14 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 26 April 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on April 25 mounted nine attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 27 April 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 23 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 28 April 2019: Over the past day, Russia's hybrid military forces violated ceasefire 13 times, wounding one Ukrainian soldier on Saturday, and another one on 28 April 28 - 29 April 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on April 28 mounted three attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 30 April 2019: The number of Russia-led forces' attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas on Monday 29 April grew to eight instances
May 2019: 1 May 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 2 May 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on May 1 mounted 18 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 3 May 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on May 2 mounted 15 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 4 May 2019: Russia-led forces mounted 21 attacks on Ukrainian positions on May 3, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 5 May 2019: Over the past day, Russian-led forces in the east of Ukraine violated the ceasefire 16 times, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 6 May 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on May 5 mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 7 May 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted four attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 8 May 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 25 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past 24 hours, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding another three - 9 May 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another four - 10 May 2019: One Ukrainian soldier has been wounded in action in Donbas as there were 14 enemy attacks on Ukrainian positions in the past day - 11 May 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 12 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 12 May 2019: Russian-controlled forces 11 times violated the ceasefire yesterday, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 12 May 2019: Russian-backed forces in Donbas reportedly amassing heavy military hardware along contact line - 13 May 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 16 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 14 May 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on May 13 mounted nine attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 15 May 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 16 May 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on May 15 mounted 24 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 17 May 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 18 May 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Friday mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 19 May 2019: Four Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in action in Donbas, eastern Ukraine, in the past day amid 18 enemy attacks mounted by Russia-led forces - 20 May 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 21 May 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Monday mounted 10 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 22 May 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Tuesday mounted five attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 23 May 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted five attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 24 May 2019: Russia-led forces mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas on May 23, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 25 May 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 17 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 26 May 2019: Russia-led forces mounted six attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas in the past day - 27 May 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on May 26 mounted three attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 28 May 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on May 27 mounted four attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 29 May 2019: Russia-led forces mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas on May 28 - 30 May 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on May 29 mounted 19 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 31 May 2019: Russia-led forces mounted eight attacks on Ukrainian positions, using proscribed weapons, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers
June 2019: 1 June 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 10 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding two Ukrainian soldier - 2 June 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 15 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 3 June 2019: Russia-led forces used banned weapons in three out of five attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas on June 2 - 4 June 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on June 3 mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 5 June 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 16 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killing three Ukrainian soldiers and wounding another three - 6 June 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 12 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 7 June 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Thursday mounted 16 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killing 4 Ukrainian soldiers and wounding another ten - 8 June 2019: The number of attacks by Russia-led forces on Ukrainian positions in Donbas grew to 28 on Friday, with two Ukrainian soldier killed in action and five wounded in action - 9 June 2019: Over the past day, Russian-led forces in eastern Ukraine violated the ceasefire a total of 22 times, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 10 June 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on June 9 mounted 26 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 11 June 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on June 10 mounted 17 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 12 June 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 24 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 13 June 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on June 12 mounted 28 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 14 June 2019: Two Ukrainian soldiers were wounded on Thursday, as Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 29 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 15 June 2019: One Ukrainian soldier wounded in Donbas amid 24 enemy attacks in past day - 16 June 2019: On June 15, Russian occupation forces in Donbas 21 times attacked the positions of Ukraine's Joint Forces, including four times using banned weapons - 17 June 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 30 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 18 June 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 34 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 19 June 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Tuesday mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, eastern Ukraine, wounding five Ukrainian soldiers - 19 June 2019: Fresh report by Bellingcat identifying persons linked to MH17 downing - 19 June 2019: International investigators officially accuse four pro-Russian military officers of missile attack that shot down MH17 - 20 June 2019: Russian occupation forces violated the ceasefire 24 times, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 21 June 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 18 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 22 June 2019: Russian occupation forces violated the ceasefire 25 times in Donbas - 23 June 2019: One Ukrainian soldier was killed and another eight were wounded as the number of Russia-led forces' attacks on Ukrainian troops in Donbas grew to 31 incidents on Saturday, June 22 - 24 June 2019: Russian occupation forces 34 times violated the ceasefire in past day, including eight times with the use of banned weapons - 25 June 2019: Four Ukrainian soldiers were injured as Russia-led forces mounted 44 attacks in Donbas on Monday, June 24 - 26 June 2019: Seven Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in hostilities in Donbas on June 25, as Russia-led forces mounted 32 attacks on Ukrainian positions - 27 June 2019: Russian-led forces used proscribed weapons in 13 out of 39 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas in past day, wounding 4 Ukrainian soldiers, as another three sustained combat-related injuries - 28 June 2019: Three Ukrainian soldiers were injured as Russia-led forces mounted 34 attacks in Donbas in past day - 29 June 2019: Russian occupation forces 32 times violated the ceasefire in Donbas in past day - 30 June 2019: Russian-led forces used proscribed weapons in 15 out of 31 attacks in Donbas, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers in past day
July 2019: 1 July 2019: Russian Donbas invaders opened fire at a medical evacuation vehicle of the Joint Forces which was transporting a wounded soldier, killing one serviceman and injuring two - 2 July 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 25 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, eastern Ukraine, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding another two - 2 July 2019: Two volunteers wounded as Russian-led forces hit their car in Donbas - 3 July 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces in the past 24 hours mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 4 July 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on July 3 mounted 29 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding five Ukrainian soldiers - 5 July 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Thursday mounted 30 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another six - 6 July 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on July 5 mounted 28 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding six Ukrainian soldiers - 7 July 2019: Five Ukrainian soldiers were injured as Russia-led forces mounted 26 attacks in Donbas in past day - 8 July 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Sunday mounted 16 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another three - 9 July 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on July 8 mounted 17 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in past day - 10 July 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Tuesday mounted 27 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding nine Ukrainian soldiers - 11 July 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Wednesday mounted 42 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another nine - 12 July 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 24 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in past day, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 13 July 2019: Two Ukrainian soldiers were wounded on July 12, as Russia's hybrid military forces in Donbas 24 times violated the ceasefire, including 13 times with the use of banned weapons - 14 July 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 15 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in past day, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 15 July 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on July 14 mounted 19 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas - 16 July 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 17 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in past day, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another three - 17 July 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on July 16 mounted eight attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas - 17 July 2019: SBU identifies over 150 persons involved in transporting Buk missile launcher from Russia to Donbas - 17 July 2019: A new ceasefire in Donbas, eastern Ukraine, may start at midnight on July 22, according to the results of recent Trilateral Contact Group talks in Minsk on July 17 - 18 July 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on July 17 mounted 15 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas in the past day - 19 July 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Thursday mounted 10 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 20 July 2019: Two Ukraine soldiers were killed by enemy sniper, one civilian dies after grenade attack on Friday - 20 July 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 26 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in past day, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding another three - 21 July 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on July 20 mounted 26 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 22 July 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on July 21 mounted one attack on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, as the so-called 'harvest' ceasefire started - 23 July 2019: The occupying authorities in Ukraine's Donbas have issued 854 Russian passports to civilian residents of Luhansk and Donetsk regions over three months - 24 July 2019: Ukraine reports one enemy attack in Donbas on Tuesday amid 'harvest' ceasefire, near the village of Luhanske - 25 July 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces have mounted one attack on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas since Thursday midnight amid the so-called ceasefire, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 25 July 2019: Russian-backed forces in the Donbas warzone continue planting Russia-made landmines, proscribed by international conventions - 26 July 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on July 25 mounted one attack on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 27 July 2019: From day-start on Saturday, July 27, Russian-controlled forces breached the 'harvest truce', opening fire on Ukrainian positions in one occasion, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 28 July 2019: One Ukrainian soldier was wounded in the past day as Russia-led forces violated the so-called 'harvest' ceasefire in Donbas - 30 July 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Monday mounted three attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, eastern Ukraine - 31 July 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Tuesday mounted one attack on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas in the past day
August 2019: 1 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on July 31 mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 2 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on August 1 mounted five attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 2 August 2019: As of the end of July, 258 people are considered missing in the Donbas warzone, the SBU says - 3 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on August 2 mounted 10 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 4 August 2019: One Ukraine soldier wounded in Donbas on 3 August as Russian-led forces mounts eight attacks amid truce - 5 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on August 4 mounted six attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 6 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Monday mounted two attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 6 August 2019: Russian regime's invaders attacked Ukrainian positions near the villages of Bohdanivka and Pavlopil, killing 4 Ukrainian soldiers since Tuesday midnight amid 'harvest' ceasefire, called a gross violation - 7 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Tuesday mounted nine attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killing four Ukrainian soldiers and wounding another one - 8 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Wednesday mounted 10 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 9 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Thursday mounted nine attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 10 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on August 9 mounted six attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 11 August 2019: Armed formations of the Russian Federation and Russian mercenaries mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas on Saturday, using proscribed weapons and causing casualties - 12 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted eight attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas in the past day, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 13 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on August 12 mounted 10 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 14 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Tuesday mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 15 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in breach of truce in Donbas in the past day, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 16 August 2019: Russian-occupation forces breached the ceasefire agreement in Donbas 12 times in the past day - 17 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Friday mounted 12 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 18 August 2019: Russian occupation forces eight times violated the ceasefire in the Donbas warzone over the past day - 19 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Sunday mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 20 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas in the past day, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 21 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 7 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas in the past day, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 22 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas in the past day, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 23 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas in the past day, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 24 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Friday mounted three attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, despite festivities on the occasion of the 28th anniversary of independence of Ukraine - 25 August 2019: Russian occupation forces in Donbas violated the ceasefire five times on Ukrainian Independence Day - 25 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military's shelling in the Donbas warzone killed a Ukrainian soldier, injuring another three on Ukrainian Independence Day - 26 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Sunday mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another three - 27 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on August 26 mounted 12 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 28 August 2019: Russian-controlled forces ten times violated the ceasefire in eastern Ukraine in the past day, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 29 August 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Wednesday mounted 14 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 30 August 2019: Russian occupation forces violated the ceasefire 17 times in the past day - 31 August 2019: Russian occupation forces violated ceasefire 17 times in the past day, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one
September 2019: 1 September 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on August 31 mounted 20 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 2 September 2019: Russian occupation forces violated the ceasefire 15 times over the past 24 hours, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 3 September 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on September 2 mounted 15 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 4 September 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on September 3 mounted 10 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 5 September 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on September 4 mounted 12 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 6 September 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on September 5 mounted 21 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 7 September 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Friday mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas - 8 September 2019: Russia-led forces used proscribed weapons to attack Ukrainian positions in Donbas, eastern Ukraine, on September 7 - 9 September 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on September 8 mounted nine attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 10 September 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Sept 9 mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, wouding one Ukrainian soldier - 11 September 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on September 10 mounted 19 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, wounding six Ukrainian soldiers - 12 September 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Sept 11 mounted 18 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding another one - 13 September 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 23 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas in the past day, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 14 September 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces 13 mounted 22 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas in past day, wounding eight Ukrainian soldiers - 14 September 2019: A Ukrainian soldier was killed during a combat mission in Donbas on September 13 - 15 September 2019: Russian occupation forces 14 times violated the ceasefire in the past day, using weapons proscribed by the Minsk Agreements - 16 September 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Sunday mounted 16 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, eastern Ukraine - 17 September 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on September 16 mounted 23 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers, as another one was deadly wounded on September 17 - 18 September 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on September 17 mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 19 September 2019: Ukraine reports five enemy attacks in Donbas on September 18 - 20 September 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Thursday mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas - 21 September 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 19 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 22 September 2019: Russia-led forces mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas in the past day - 23 September 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Sept 22 mounted 15 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 24 September 2019: Two Ukrainian soldiers wounded amid 24 enemy attacks in Donbas on September 23 - 25 September 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on September 24 mounted 23 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 26 September 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on September 25 mounted 32 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 27 September 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Sept 26 mounted 23 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 28 September 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on September 27 mounted 24 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, with one Ukrainian soldier reported as fatally wounded - 29 September 2019: Russia-led troops mounted 23 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas on Saturday, September 28 - 30 September 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Sunday mounted 26 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas, eastern Ukraine - 30 September 2019: Young female member of a materiel support platoon Anastasia Vitovska was killed in Donetsk region
October 2019: 1 October 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on September 30 mounted 19 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 2 October 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Tuesday mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas, eastern Ukraine - 3 October 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on October 2 mounted 30 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 4 October 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on October 3 mounted 41 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, with one Ukrainian soldier reported as fatally wounded - 5 October 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on October 4 mounted 32 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 6 October 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on October 5 mounted 24 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 7 October 2019: Disengagement of Ukrainian troops in the village of Petrivske and the town of Zolote reportedly postponed due to shelling by Russian-led forces - 7 October 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on October 6 mounted 25 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 8 October 2019: Russia-led forces mounted 27 attacks on Ukrainian army positions on Monday, October 7 - 9 October 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Tuesday mounted 17 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas, eastern Ukraine - 10 October 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on September 30 mounted 19 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 11 October 2019: Ukraine's headquarter has reported about 25 attacks on its positions in Donbas on 10 October, as Russia-led forces shelling Ukrainian troops used weapons prohibited by the Minsk agreements - 12 October 2019: Russia-led forces mounted eight attacks on Ukrainian army positions on Friday, October 11 - 13 October 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on October 12 mounted 23 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 14 October 2019: Russian occupation forces in Donbas 21 times violated the ceasefire on October 13 - 15 October 2019: Russian controlled forces in eastern Ukraine's Donbas 21 times violated the ceasefire, as Ukraine marked Defenders Day - 16 October 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on October 15 mounted 26 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in Donbas, killing two Ukrainian soldiers and wounding another four, a one of the Ukrainian troops shot dead by a sniper was a young woman who joined army ranks after her father, also a Ukrainian military, was killed in Donbas hostilities back in 2015 - 17 October 2019: On October 16, Russian occupation forces violated the ceasefire 30 times in the Donbas war zone, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - 18 October 2019: Russian-controlled forces 29 times violated the ceasefire in Donbas in the past day - 19 October 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Friday mounted 21 attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine - 20 October 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on October 19 mounted 15 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in eastern Ukraine, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 21 October 2019: Russia-led forces attacked Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine 12 times on 20 October - 22 October 2019: Russia-led forces mounted 17 attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine on 21 October - 23 October 2019: Three Ukrainian soldiers were wounded by Russia-led forces and another one was killed in action in eastern Ukraine on 22 October - 24 October 2019: Russia-led forces mounted 22 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine on 23 October - 25 October 2019: One Ukrainian soldier was wounded in action as Russia-led forces mounted 25 attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine on 24 October - 26 October 2019: Russian occupation forces mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine on 25 October - 27 October 2019: Russia-led forces attacked Ukrainian troops 21 times on October 26 - 28 October 2019: On Sunday Russian occupation forces 13 times violated the ceasefire - 29 October 2019: Russian invaders keep shelling Ukrainian troops, using banned projectiles, violating ceasefire 16 times on 28 October - 30 October 2019: Russian occupation forces violated the ceasefire nine times over the past day - 31 October 2019: Russian occupation forces in Donbas violated the ceasefire 19 times on 30 October
November 2019: 1 November 2019: Russian occupation forces in eastern Ukraine's Donbas 15 times violated the ceasefire, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 2 November 2019: Russia-led forces mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian army positions on Friday 1 November - 3 November 2019: Russian occupation forces in eastern Ukraine's Donbas violated the ceasefire 15 times on 2 November, wounding 2 Ukrainian soldiers - 4 November 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on November 3 mounted 14 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in eastern Ukraine, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 5 November 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Monday mounted 20 attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine - 6 November 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Tuesday mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine - 7 November 2019: Four Ukrainian soldiers wounded amid 10 enemy attacks in Donbas by Russia's hybrid military forces on 6 November - 8 November 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on November 7 mounted 20 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in eastern Ukraine, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another four - 9 November 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on November 8 mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in eastern Ukraine, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 10 November 2019: Russia-led forces mounted 18 attacks on Ukrainian positions in Donbas yesterday, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 11 November 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on November 10 mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in eastern Ukraine, wounding four Ukrainian soldiers - 12 November 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on November 11 mounted 16 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in eastern Ukraine, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 13 November 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on November 12 mounted 15 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in eastern Ukraine, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 14 November 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Wednesday mounted 13 attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine - 15 November 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on November 14 mounted 15 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine, with one Ukrainian soldier - 16 November 2019: Over the past day, November 15, Russian occupation forces 13 times violated the ceasefire in eastern Ukraine's Donbas, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 17 November 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on November 16 mounted 15 attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in eastern Ukraine, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 18 November 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Sunday mounted 16 attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine - 19 November 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on November 18 mounted 14 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 20 November 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Tuesday mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine - 21 November 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on November 20 mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine, wounding seven Ukrainian soldiers - 22 November 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on November 21 mounted six attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, eastern Ukraine, with three Ukrainian soldiers - 23 November 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on November 22 mounted 14 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine, wounding one Ukrainian soldier, while another one was killed in a road accident - 24 November 2019: Russia-led forces in Donbas, eastern Ukraine, used proscribed weapons to attack Ukrainian troops on Saturday 23 November 23 - 25 November 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Sunday mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine - 26 November 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Monday mounted eight attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine - 27 November 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Tuesday mounted 12 attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine - 28 November 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on November 27 mounted nine attacks on Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine, wounding three Ukrainian soldiers - 29 November 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Thursday mounted nine attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine - 30 November 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on November 29 mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine, killing one Ukrainian soldier
December 2019: 1 December 2019: During the past day Russian occupation forces violated the ceasefire in eastern Ukraine four times - 2 December 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on December 1 mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine, with two Ukrainian soldiers reported as killed in a booby-trap blast - 3 December 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Monday mounted five attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine - 4 December 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Tuesday mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine - 5 December 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Wednesday mounted three attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine - 6 December 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Thursday mounted eight attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine - 7 December 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on December 6 mounted 14 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 8 December 2019: One Ukrainian soldier was killed, two were wounded in action, and another one sustained a combat-related injury amid Russian-led enemy attacks in eastern Ukraine, on December 7 - 9 December 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Sunday mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine
10 December 2019 7 Russian led attacks and 3 Ukrainian soldiers killed: 10 December 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on December 9 mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine, with three Ukrainian soldiers reported as killed in a booby-trap blast - 11 December 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Tuesday mounted 11 attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine, despite 'Normandy Format' meeting in Paris - 12 December 2019: The Russian Federation is failing to fulfill its obligations regarding a sustainable ceasefire, sealed in Paris, as over the past day Russian occupation forces 10 times violated the ceasefire, firing on Ukrainian positions with 82mm mortar shells, proscribed by the Minsk agreements, as well as engaging Ukrainian troops with grenade launchers of various types, heavy machine guns, and other small arms - 13 December 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Thursday mounted eight attacks on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine - 14 December 2019: On December 13, Russia's armed formations 10 times violated the ceasefire, engaging Ukrainian positions with weapons proscribed by the Minsk agreements, despite Putin regime's commitments at Normandy Summit in Paris - 15 December 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on December 14 mounted eight attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in eastern Ukraine, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another two - 16 December 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on December 15 mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 17 December 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on December 16 mounted five attacks on Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 18 December 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on December 17 mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine, killing one Ukrainian soldier - 19 December 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on December 18 mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 20 December 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Thursday mounted one attack on Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine - 21 December 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces mounted 10 attacks on Ukrainian positions on December 20 in eastern Ukraine, wounding two Ukrainian soldiers - 22 December 2019: Russia-led forces continued shelling Ukrainian positions in eastern Ukraine, as six new enemy attacks were reported on 21 December - 23 December 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on December 22 mounted eight attacks on Ukrainian Army positions in eastern Ukraine, killing one Ukrainian soldier and wounding another one - - 24 December 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces attacked Ukraine positions in eastern Ukraine seven times over past day - 25 December 2019: Russian occupation forces on December 24 violated 'Normandy Summit ceasefire' in eastern Ukraine nine times, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 26 December 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Wednesday mounted 12 attacks on Ukrainian positions eastern Ukraine - 27 December 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on December 26 mounted 17 attacks on Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 28 December 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on December 27 mounted nine attacks on Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine, wounding one Ukrainian soldier - 29 December 2019: Russia's hybrid military forces on Saturday mounted eight attacks on Ukrainian positions eastern Ukraine - 30 December 2019: Russian occupation forces seven times violated the ceasefire on prisoner swap day, 29 December, engaging Ukrainian troops with grenade launchers of various types, heavy machine guns, and other small arms, according to the Joint Forces - 31 December 2019: Putin Russia's hybrid military forces on December 30 mounted two attacks on Ukrainian army positions in eastern Ukraine, wounding a Ukrainian soldier
Reports, studies and lists of abductions and murdered Ukrainians by pro-Russia separatists: List of abductions and murdered Ukrainians by pro-Russia separatists
2016: 21 March 2016: About 123 hostages remain in Russian-backed militants’ captivity in Donbas, Ukraine's representative in the humanitarian subgroup in Trilateral Contact Group Iryna Herashchenko says - 31 March 2016: Almost 700 of Ukrainian nationals went missing on the temporarily occupied territories of Donetsk and Luhansk regions in eastern Ukraine - 18. Mai 2016: Flucht des Amtstierarztes Oleksandr Hryschtschenko aus Foltergefängnis in Lugansk, mindestens 79 Foltergefängnisse wie das in Lugansk in den sogenannten Volksrepubliken Lugansk und Donezk unter Mithilfe russischer Staatsbürger - 9 August 2016: 107 people remain hostages on separate territories of Donetsk and Luhansk regions, including 64 military men along with other civilians, Ukraine's Minsk meeting representative says - 16 August 2016: At least 45 Ukrainians held captives at occupied territories, Ukraine's Iryna Gerashchenko says - 3 September: Russian-backed separatist forces have taken more prisoners in Donbas, 109 Ukrainians reportedly kept in militant captivity - 27 December 2016: Two Ukraine soldiers captured by Russian-backed militants
Odessa clashes in May 2014: 2 May 2014 Odessa clashes - 3 May: More than 40 people killed in clashes and a fire after a march by pro-Kiev demonstrators was ambushed in Odessa - 3 May: Eyewitnesses say, that pro-Russian protesters were throwing Molotov cocktails from the roof of the Trade Unions House - 3 May: More than 200 have sought medical assistance after clashes in Odesa, 46 people have already died - 4 May: Ukraine PM blames security forces for failing to stop the Odessa clashes that killed more than 40, announcing an independent investigation - 4 May: Hundreds of pro-Russian separatists stormed police headquarters in Odessa on Sunday and won the release of 67 suspects detained after deadly clashes - 5 May: SBU calls another five names of Russian participants in Odesa provocations on 2 May - 5 May: A special division of the National Guard comes to defend Odesa - 6 May: About 250 infiltrators led by the Russian FSB employees have been dislocated over recent days to Ukraine via Transistria for organization of provocations on May 9, Ukraine's Dmytro Tymchuk says - 20 June 2014: UN observers confirm involvement of Russian intelligence agencies in Odesa tragedy on May 2
Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine: Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine
Politics and elections in Ukraine: Elections in Ukraine
January-May 2014: 17 January 2014: MPs loyal to Yanukovych have rushed through sweeping legislation aimed at curbing continuing anti-government protests - 22 February 2014: Ukrainian parliament votes to oust President Yanukovich, set an early election for May 25 and votes for Yulia Tymoshenko's release - 23 February: Speaker of Ukrainian parliament Oleksandr Turchinov appointed interim president - 24 February: Interior minister says warrant issued for arrest of Yanukovych - 25 February: Ukraine's interim President Turchynov is due to form a unity government - 25 February: Ukraine parliament votes to have Yanukovych tried in The Hague - 26 February: Nominated PM Arseniy Yatsenyuk warns of tough days ahead - 25 March 2014: Ukrainian lawmakers dismissed acting defense minister Tenyukh over his handling of the Crimea crisis - 29 March: Klitschko's withdrawal sets stage for election contest between billionaire Poroshenko and former PM Yulia Tymoshenko - 7 April: Ukraine's president to hold emergency meeting after eastern Ukraine attacks - 22 April 2014: Crimean Tatars living in Crimea will be able to elect Ukraine's president on the border area, Mejlis member Bariev says - 7 May: Verkhovna Rada adopts law on partial mobilization - 8 May: Ukrainian PM Yatseniuk will propose a provision according to which local councils can grant official status to Russian and other languages while maintaining the status of Ukrainian as a sole state language - 9 May: A nationwide unity roundtable is scheduled for May 14, PM Yatseniuk says - 13 May: Unity dialogue roundtables will be held in all regions, coordinated by a high Ukrainian representative and the OSCE, Ukraine's Danylo Lubkivsky says - 14 May: Round table for the national unity to take place today in Kyiv, involving PM Yatsenyuk, Parliament's Oleksandr Turchynov and expecting mayor of Donetsk and Luhansk regions as well as invited local businessmen - 15 May: Next roundtable to be held no later than Monday, Leonid Kravchuk says - 16 May: 'The national round table can be attended only by officially registered non-governmental organizations that have a charter and a program', Kravchuk says - 17 May: At the second national roundtable in Kharkiv PM Yatseniuk promises to give Russian language special status - 20 May: Ukraine brings suits against Russia in international, national courts, Petrenko says - 21 May: Third round table for national unity ends in Mykolayiv, calling all Ukrainians to take part in Sunday elections
June/July 2014: 5 June 2014: 69% of Ukrainians want early parliamentary elections this year, DIF poll in all regions except Crimea finds - 6 June: PM Yatseniuk vows Donbas to be freed from terrorists - 19 June: The parliament approved Valeria Hontareva as governor of the National Bank of Ukraine - 24 July: Parliament fails to pass law to increase army financing and regulate country's energy situation - 24 July: 'I am announcing my resignation due to the collapse of the coalition and the blocking of government initiatives', PM Arseniy Yatseniuk says - 31 July: Verkhovna Rada does not accept Yatseniuk's resignation, now supporting allocation of UAH 9bn for the army until the end of 2014 and UAH 2bn for renewal of the regions in the east of Ukraine - 31 July: Government will not stop financing social payments in east
September 2014: 11 September: Ukraine's Poroshenko calls on world's democracies to unite in fight against terrorism - 16 September: Verkhovna Rada, European Parliament have ratified association agreement simultaneously - 16 September: Ukraine draws closer to EU and passes legislation to grant autonomy to rebel-held parts in east - 17 September: Verkhovna Rada passes law on lustration - 25 September: Poroshenko orders government to abandon Ukraine's non-aligned status - 25 September: Ukraine should hold early elections of local governments after the parliamentary elections, Poroshenko says - 26 September: CEC finished registering the nationwide party lists, a total of 29 parties will participate in the parliamentary election - 29 September: Ukrainian people will not allow reanimation of fascism, and the Babyn Yar tragedy should serve as a reminder, Petro Poroshenko says during a ceremony of honoring the victims of Babyn Yar - 29 September: Starting in Kharkiv, Ukraine opens first proceeding for bribing voters
October-December 2014: 29 October: 222 officials included in lustration register - 29 October: Yatseniuk invites Poroshenko Bloc, Batkivshchyna, Samopomich, Radical Party to coalition - 27 November: With the backing of 341 deputies out of 390 Ukraine's parliament confirms PM Arseniy Yatsenyuk to lead a new coalition government - 3 December: Ukrainian new government - 9 December: PM Yatseniuk presents government action program, announcing new economic policy and full-scale health insurance - 18 December: Anti-Corruption Bureau to be created in Ukraine on January 14, Poroshenko says - 23 December: The Cabinet of Ministers will submit to the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine the bills envisaging an increase in taxes for oligarchs - 23 December: Verkhovna Rada cancels Ukraine's non-bloc status - 29 December: MPs adopt state budget for 2015, envisaging the Ukraine's GDP at minus 4.3%, nominal GDP at UAH 1.721 trillion, inflation at 13.1%
January-May 2015: 1 January: Poroshenko says in his New Year address to the nation that Ukrainians will win the imposed war 'because for us, it is just' - 5 January: Parliamentary immunity will be cancelled in 2015 through amendments to the Constitution, Yuriy Lutsenko says - 13 January: Ukraine ready to provide Donbas status of special economic zone with its own regime of relations with the EU and Russia, Poroshenko says - 22 January: Ukraine marks Unity Day - 26 February: Cabinet extends emergency measures in energy sector - 6 March: The Ukrainian government fears a GDP decline to 11.9% in 2015 - 17 March: , Supported by 265 members of parliament, separate areas in Donbas receive special local government rule - 18 March: 341 members of parliament out of 450-seat assembly support appeal to UN and EU for peacekeepers - 25 March: Ukraine's president fires oligarch Kolomoisky as regional chief of Dnipropetrovsk, after armed men that lawmakers said were linked to the oligarch raided a state-owned oil firm - 2 April: Ukrainian PM Yatseniuk announces an international business forum in July on attracting investment in agricultural, infrastructure and energy sectors, confirming that Ukraine is holding up its side of the Minsk II agreement - 4 April: The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine starts drastic personnel reshuffles - 9 April 2015: Ukrainian Parliament declares May 8 as Remembrance and Reconciliation Day, passing the law on perpetuation of victory over fascism in the WWII of 1939-1945 - 28 April: Kyiv hosts International Support for Ukraine Conference, aiming to present the investment opportunities of Ukraine, not to get donor assistance, as Poroshenko says at the 7th EU-Ukraine summit, that Ukraine should apply for EU membership in five years - 13 May 2015: Ukraine's government approves privatization of more than 300 companies - 20 May 2015: PM Yatseniuk asks MPs to let peacekeepers in Ukraine - 21 May: New Ukrainian law outlaws the display of Nazi and Communist symbols but another law requires that nationalist groups involved in the killings of Jews and Poles be honored - 30 May 2015: Ukraine's Poroshenko appoints former Georgian leader Mikheil Saakashvili governor of the strategic Odessa region, who once began a war with Russia in 2008 and is now wanted by Georgia over criminal charges - August 2008 Battle of Tskhinvali, fight for the city of Tskhinvali after Georgian ground troops entered the city on early 8 August 2008 following artillery assault, parts of Tskhinvali were devastated in the three-day fighting - Humanitarian impact and casualties of the Georgian-Russian War 2008
June-September 2015: 16 June 2015: Ukrainian Anti-Corruption Bureau to start operating in October - 12 July: Government forces barricade bases of nationalist militia in western Ukraine, which has helped it battle pro-Russian forces, after gunfight reportedly killed two people - 17 July: Parliament adopts resolution on the appointment of regular elections of members of local councils and village, town and city mayors on 25 October 2015 - 28 July: In by-elections in Chernihiv 'Bloc of Petro Poroshenko's' Serhiy Berezenko scored 35.90% of votes and UKROP party's Hennadiy Korban 14.76% - 12 August: Poroshenko signs bill to hike defense spending by UAH 5.3 billion in 2015 - 1 September 2015: National Guard soldiers killed and more than 140 people injured in clashes among the law enforcers and demonstrators against voting for amendments to the Constitution paving the way for further decentralization, as a grenade was thrown at the law enforcers near the Ukrainian Parliament by suspected Ihor Gumenyuk - 1 September: Ukraine raises minimum wages, pensions and scholarships on 1 September 2015
November/December 2015: 12 November: The Parliament of Ukraine passes an anti-discrimination amendment to the Labour Code of Ukraine - 29 November: Ukrainian local elections in several areas near frontline, as residents in Mariupol and nearby Krasnoarmiysk are voting for city council deputies and other mayors - 2 December: Independent becomes mayor, opposition wins council in Mariupol elections - 15 December 2015: Spat between Ukrainian interior minister Arsen Avakov and former Georgian warmonger Mikheil Saakashvili follows a brawl between MP Oleh Barna, from Poroshenko’s ruling coalition, attempting to remove Ukrainian PM Yatsenyuk from the speaker’s podium forcefully last week - 25 December: Ukraine's parliament passes 2016 budget, providing expenditures at UAH 667.733bln, raising of the minimum salary, increased spending on the national defense and security, limiting the deficit to 3.7% of gross domestic product, outlays to $ 40bln and expexting 1.7bln more from the IMF and an additional $ 2.3bln from other benefactors
2016: 17 February 2016: Former premier Tymoshenko’s party Batkivshchyna exits the parliament coalition - 18 February: Ukraine's ruling coalition in turmoil after government narrowly survives no confidence vote - 19 February: Ukrainian Parliament's Volodymyr Groysman announces Samopomich fraction's exit from the ruling coalition - 21 February: Ukrainian MP's must still pass a law to unlock $1.5 bln worth of funds seized from allies close to ex-president Yanukovych, according to PM - 11 April: New parliament coalition expected to be created on 12 April, following resignation of Yatsenyuk - 14 April: Parliament chairman Groysman replaces PM Arseniy Yatsenyuk - 15 October 2016: Ukrainian president Poroshenko believes that Russia will not terminate its policy of aggression until the world is united to stop Russian Putin regime, calling 'to make every effort to unmask the manifestation of Russian aggression wherever we only can – in Donbas, in the case of the downed MH17, and in Aleppo', emphasizing the importance of solidarity of the whole world in this issue and further extension of sanctions against Russia - 7 November 2016: Georgia's Saakashvili announces he is leaving his position as Odesa Regional State Administrator due to 'a difficult situation'
12-20 April 2019 Kolomoisky's straw man Zelensky's evasion from the army: 12 April 2019: Ukrainian Defense Ministry will check reports of Volodymyr Zelensky's evasion from the army, after deputy of the Verkhovna Rada Tatyana Chernovol demanded to check the information that the presidential candidate Vladimir Zelensky allegedly declined to be called up for military service and refused to act as a defender - 14 April 2019: Statement from the Ukrainian Ministry of Defense accusing Vladimir Zelensky of evading citations - 19 April 2019: While Zelensky portraying himself as a fighter against oligarchs, in reality he is clearly linked to the Ukrainian oligarch Ihor Kolomoisky, the owner of 1+1 TV, where the candidate’s show has appeared since 2012, and according to an investigation led by Volodymyr Ariev the start of this TV cooperation coincided with large financial transactions between Privat Bank, Ukraine’s largest bank which was at that time owned by Kolomoisky, and Zelensky and other team members, 2012-2016 $41 million was directed from the bank through a series of intermediary companies into the accounts of Zelensky and Co. companies as Ariev contends that Kolomoisky used Zelensky’s companies for money laundering
27 October 2019 Ukrainian PM, minister attended neo-Nazi concert: 27 October 2019: Ukrainian PM, minister attended neo-Nazi concert in Kyiv
Social movements and protests in Ukraine: Protests in Ukraine - Social movements in Ukraine
2008 Ukrainian political crisis: 2008 Ukrainian political crisis
March 2012 murder of Oksana Makar and protests: 8 March 2012 murder of Oksana Makar and protests demanding justice
November 2012 protest against alleged fraud in parliamentary elections: 5 November 2012: Opposition rally in Kiev to protest against alleged fraud in parliamentary elections
November 2013 pro EU protests: 22 November 2013: Thousands of protesters are rallying across Ukraine for the second day, angry at the government's move to delay an association deal with the EU - 24/25 novembre: Des dizaines de milliers d’Ukrainiens ont à nouveau battu le pavé de la capitale pour dénoncer le revirement de leur gouvernement qui a décidé de renoncer à un accord d’association avec Bruxelles - 26 novembre: Les manifestants pro-européens continuent de mettre la pression sur le gouvernement - 29 November: Ukrainian opposition at a mass rally in Kiev on Friday demanded that President Yanukovych step down after refusing to salvage a key deal with the European Union - 30 November: Tear gas fills Kiev's Liberty Square as critics of president's decision to block EU trade deal are dispersed by force
December 2013 rallies demanding the resignation of Yanukovich: 1 décembre: L'opposition ukrainienne exige une élection présidentielle anticipée et le départ du président Ianoukovitch - 2 December: Hundreds of thousands of protesters defied a government ban on public rallies to mass on Kiev’s Independence Square on Sunday, demanding the resignation of Yanukovich - 3 décembre: Assiégé par plusieurs milliers de manifestants pro-européens, le Parlement ukrainien examine une motion de défiance - 4 December: Kiev's pro-EU protesters brave freezing temperatures - 4 décembre: La mobilisation continue malgré l'échec d'une motion de défiance à Kiev - 5 décembre: Dans une lettre ouverte, trois ex-présidents de l'Ukraine ont apporté mercredi leur soutien à la contestation pro-européenne - 5 December: OSCE summit in Kyiv calls respect for the rule of law and basic freedoms - 6 December: Calling for anti-government march at weekend after Yanukovych visit in Russia - 8 December: Hundreds of thousands of pro-EU Ukrainians rallied in Kiev for a new protest aimed at forcing Yanukovych to resign, furious over the decision to back out of a historic agreement with the EU under Kremlin pressure - 10 décembre: La police démonte les barricades des manifestants pro-Europe - 11 décembre: La police donne l'assaut à la mairie de Kiev - 11 December: Ukrainian police storm Kiev's Independence Square in a move that sparked immediate international concern - 12 December: Ukraine protesters defy police, leaders reject talks with president after the destruction of a protest camp - 13 December: Ukraine protesters rebuild barricades in centre of Kiev - 13 December: Ukrainian court frees nine pro-EU protesters, but talks between opposition and Yanukovych have made little progress - 14 décembre: L'administration Ianoukovitch fait un geste à l'égard de l'opposition, en révoquant deux hauts responsables qui avaient fait disperser violemment la manifestation du 30 novembre - 15/16 December: Hundreds of thousands of Ukrainians demanding political change braved freezing temperatures and aggressive policing in Kiev - 18 December: Yanukovych under pressure over deal with Russia - 22 December: Ukraine’s opposition continues rallies against the regime, encouraging the pro EU-protests to spread across the country by announcing the creation of a new movement - 25/26 December: Outrage in Ukraine after brutal attack on Ukrainian civic activist and journalist Tetyana Chernovil, hundreds of journalists and opposition activists demand the resignation of interior minister - 26 December: Journalist Tetyana Chernovil in intensive care after beating as protesters rally in Kiev holding photos - 29 décembre: Nouvelle mobilisation massive de l'opposition à Kiev - 29 December: Tens of thousands of irate Ukrainians rallied amid swelling anger over the brutal beating of the pro-European journalist Tetyana Chernovil
January 2014 pro-EU protests: 1. Januar: Rund 200.000 pro-europäische Demonstranten protestieren in Kiew und fordern Neuwahlen - 11 January: Several people, including former minister and leading opposition figure Yuriy Lutsenko, injured in clashes between protesters and riot police in Kiev - 12 January: Ex-Interior Minister Yuriy Lutsenko has been moved from intensive care after reportedly attacked by baton-wielding police in Kiev - 12 janvier: Environ 50.000 personnes ont manifesté dimanche en plein centre de Kiev contre le tabassage de l'opposant Iouri Loutsenko - 13 janvier: À Kiev, la mobilisation anti-Ianoukovitch reprend de l'ampleur - 19 January: Pro-EU demonstrators are preparing for a big rally in Kiev, in defiance of recently adopted laws aimed at curbing public protests - 19 January: Up to 100,000 pro-Europe Ukrainians protest in Kiev in defiance of sweeping new laws aimed at stamping out anti-government rallies - 20 January: After violent clashes in Kiev and calls for an end to the violence and political talks, Yanukovych has agreed to negotiate with pro-EU protesters and opposition leaders - 21 January: Clashes have continued for a second consecutive night in Kiev - 22 January: After police stormed barricades in Kiev two people reported dead on Wednesday morning, one man reportedly shot four times - 22 janvier: La police a lancé mercredi un assaut contre les manifestants pro-européens rassemblés à Kiev, faisant plusieurs morts et 300 blessées - 23 janvier: Au lendemain d'une journée sanglante qui a fait 5 morts, les chefs de file de l'opposition menacent de passer à l'offensive ce jeudi si Ianoukovitch ne fait pas de concessions - 24 January: Opposition leaders who held discussions with Yanukovich told protesters that Yanukovich called for an emergency session of parliament next Tuesday to end the country's political crisis - 24 January: Protesters in Ukraine built more barricades in Kiev early on Friday, after opposition leaders emerged empty-handed from initial direct negotiations - 25 January: As protests spread from Ukraine's capital to nearly half of the country and protesters occupy government buildings in a number of cities, Kiev protesters demand Yanukovych's resignation and clashes resume - 25 janvier: Le gouvernement ukrainien se trouve samedi sous une pression accrue de la contestation, à Kiev et dans l'ouest du pays, et de l'UE qui intensifie les contacts à l'issue d'une semaine de violences - 26 January: Ukraine opposition seek early elections and the repeal of an anti-protest law after offer of top government posts - 26 January: Reports of unrest in the north, east and south of Ukraine (Chernihiv, Sumy, Cherkasy, Dnepropetrovsk, Zaporizhzhya, Odessa), as in Kiev thousands mourned the 25-year-old protester Mikhail Zhiznevsky, who died of gunshot wounds - 27 January: Ukraine protests spread as the EU delegation in Ukraine on Monday urges the government to uphold the promises made during negotiations with the opposition - 28 janvier: Avant la session extraordinaire du Parlement ukrainien, Ianoukovitch a accepté d'abolir les lois anticontestation votées le 16 janvier - 29 janvier: Le Parlement doit discuter de nouvelles concessions dont une amnistie de manifestants en prison - 30 janvier: Le gouvernement annonce une amnistie, l'opposition dénonce un chantage - 30 January: Yanukovych reportedly ill but defiant amid turmoil - 31 January: Ukrainian opposition activist Dmytro Bulatov, who vanished for eight days, emerged bloodied and badly beaten, saying his captors cut off an ear and drove nails through his hands before dumping him in a forest
February 2014 Ukrainian revolution: February 2014 Ukrainian revolution - 2 February: Opposition politician Vitali Klitschko and FM Kozhara clashed face to face at Munich summit, as EU's Herman Van Rompuy and USA's John Kerry backed Ukraine's 'fight for democracy' - 3 February 2014: Ukrainian regime allows injured activist Dmytro Bulatov to receive treatment in Lithuania - 4 February: Opposition MPs seek to curb president's powers, as parliament begins a new term and thousands of people remain on the streets - 9 February: An estimated 70,000 pro-Europe Ukrainians rallied in Kiev on Sunday vowing never to give up their drive to oust Yanukovych for his alliance with Putin's regime - 16 February: Amnesty will come into force after Ukraine protesters and police pulled back in contest over Yanukovich - 19 February: More than 20 people dead as riot police move in to clear Kiev's Independence Square, and defiant Yanukovych rejects calls to halt the ferocious assault - 20 February: EU and US consider sanctions against Yanukovich's regime - 20 February: Crackdown and clashes continue in Kiev despite truce and crisis talks with foreign ministers from France, Germany and Poland - 21 February: Statement that Yanukovych has reached a deal with the opposition to end the crisis, after all-night talks mediated by EU foreign ministers - 22 February: Yanukovych reportedly flees Kiev for his support base in Ukraine's Russia-leaning east - 22 February: President's Kiev offices are unguarded, with opposition protesters reportedly in full control of the government district - 22/23 February: After her release from prison former PM Yulia Tymoshenko addresses protesters on Kiev's Independence Square - 23 February: Ukraine's parliament, exercising power since Yanukovych's flight, names its new speaker as acting president and works to form a new government - 25 February 2014: Promising that his coalition administration will be a 'government of the people', interim President Turchynov is due to form a unity government
2016 political, economic and anti-corruption protests: 20 February 2016: Ukraine honours 2014 Maidan massacre victims - 9 March 2016: Ukraine's activists march on international women's day in support of gender equality and women's rights - 13 March: Professional sportsmen, social activists and ordinary citizens take part in 'Run for Crimea' event in Kyiv aimed to raise political awareness - 8 April: Ukrainian protesters rallied in Kyiv demanding corrupt officials and separatists be dismissed from their senior positions in law enforcement agencies across Ukrainian regions, as earlier in the day farmers rallied outside the Cabinet of Ministers, demanding milk purchase prices be increased - 16/17 April 2016: Many of Poroshenko's supporters are disappointed in the slow pace of reforms and an apparent unwillingness to crack down on corrupt officials, as Ukrainian president is facing a crisis of confidence after his name appeared in the 'Panama Papers' leak and the country's PM, with whom he clashed, stepped down - 15 November 2016: Several hundred people gathered in front of the Russian Embassy in Kyiv, condemning the aggression of the Russian regime against Ukraine - 16 November 2016: Protests in central Kyiv go on for second day, as protesters against the Ukrainian government, mostly older people and students, came to the National Bank office
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Ukraine: Ukrainian society - Human rights in Ukraine
Human rights in Ukraine: Human rights in Ukraine
Demographics and ethnic groups in Ukraine: Demographics of Ukraine - Ethnic groups in Ukraine
History of the Jews in Ukraine: History of the Jews in Ukraine
Jewish communities in independent Ukraine since 1991: Jewish communities in independent Ukraine since 1991
Romani people in Ukraine: Romani people in Ukraine
Religions and history of religion in Ukraine: Religion in Ukraine - History of religions in Ukraine
History of Christianity in Ukraine: History of Christianity in Ukraine
Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Kiev Patriarchate: Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Kiev Patriarchate
Islam in Ukraine: Islam in Ukraine
Women and women's rights in Ukraine: Women in Ukraine - Women's rights in Ukraine
Children in Ukraine:
Universities in Ukraine: Universities in Ukraine
Media in Ukraine: Media in Ukraine
Freedom of the press in Ukraine: Freedom of the press in Ukraine
Killed and persecuted journalists in Ukraine: List of journalists killed in Ukraine
StopFake.org - Struggle against fake information about events in Ukraine and its context: StopFake.org - Struggle against fake information about events in Ukraine and its context
Crime in Ukraine: Crime in Ukraine
2014: - 17 March 2014: After a number of apparently anti-Semitic attacks and incidents of vandalism in Ukraine, interim PM joins an earlier pledge by the acting president to protect the nation's Jews - 10 April 2014: The wall of Odessa Jewish cemetery defaced with inscription 'Death to the Jews' and the Holocaust monument vandalized with swastikas - 17 April 2014: Pro-Russian separatists in east Ukraine town of Donetsk order Jews to register claiming their support of Jews for Kiev and their hostility 'to the Orthodox Donetsk republic and its citizens' - 19 April 2014: Beating Roma and hunting for Ukrainian-speaking citizens by Sloviansk separatists and 'people's mayor' Ponomariov condemned by PM Yatseniuk - 20 April: Main synagogue in southeastern Ukrainian city of Nikolayev was empty of worshippers when it was firebombed early Saturday morning - 28 April: Holocaust commemorated in Donetsk as mobs roam the streets - 29 April 2014: After their attack on a peaceful Donetsk demonstration, injuring 25 people, pro-Russian separatists kidnapped seven participants of the pro-Ukrainian rally
Violence in Ukraine: Violence in Ukraine
List of people killed during Euromaidan: List of people killed during Euromaidan
Corruption in Ukraine: Corruption in Ukraine
2011 Yulia Tymoshenko's trial and imprisonment initiated by Victor Yanukovych: 2011 Yulia Tymoshenko's trial and imprisonment initiated by Victor Yanukovych - 11. Oktober 2011: Schuldspruch für Timoschenko wegen 'Amtsmißbrauchs' - 11 October: International concern over Tymoshenko political jailing - 23. Dezember: Ukrainisches Berufungsgericht bestätigt siebenjährige Haftstrafe gegen Julia Timoschenko wegen angeblichen Amtsmißbrauchs - 27. Februar 2012: Bradley Manning und Julia Timoschenko für Friedensnobelpreis 2012 nominiert - 26. April 2012: Internationale Kritik wegen des Umgangs mit der inhaftierten Oppositionspolitikerin Timoschenko - 28 April: Refusing to attend the trial for health reasons Yulia Tymoshenko faces new Ukraine tax evasion trial - 9 May: Yulia Tymoshenko 'transferred to Ukraine hospital' - 15 May: Tymoshenko appeal delayed by Ukraine until late June
22 February 2014 Yulia Tymoshenko's release after Parliament's vote: 22 February 2014 Yulia Tymoshenko's release after Parliament's vote
2016 Transparency international and 'Panama Papers': 27 January 2016: Ukraine is almost as corrupt as before Russian agression, according to Transparency international - 4 April 2016: Also several Ukrainians exploiting offshore financial havens, 'Panama Papers' reveal - 4 April 2016: Ukrainian president Petro Poroshenko set up a secret offshore company in the British Virgin Islands at a time when his troops were being wiped out in a bloody battle with Russian troops and pro-Moscow rebels, after he pledged in 2014 to sell his candy business Roshen if elected, according to leaked documents indicating that on 21 August 2014 he instead had Mossack Fonseca set up offshore holding company Prime Asset Partners Ltd in the British Virgin Islands and moved his company there - 10 April 2016: 'Panama Papers' revelations undercut trust in Poroshenko - 18 July 2016: Corruption fight intensifies in Ukraine as several top officials accused of embezzlement
Violence against women in Ukraine: Violence against women in Ukraine
Human trafficking in Ukraine: Human trafficking in Ukraine
Arms trafficking in Ukraine:
Unsolved murders in Ukraine: Unsolved murders in Ukraine
Juridical corruption in Ukraine: Juridical corruption in Ukraine
Constitutional Court of Ukraine: Since 1996 Constitutional Court of Ukraine
Law enforcement and law enforcement agencies of Ukraine: Law enforcement in Ukraine - Law enforcement agencies of Ukraine
Foreign relations of Ukraine: Foreign relations of Ukraine
Treaties of Ukraine: Treaties of Ukraine
International membership of Ukraine: International membership of Ukraine
Ukraine and the United Nations: Ukraine and the United Nations
2014: 28 February 2014: Ukraine's UN envoy tells UNSC that Russian military helicopters and transport planes are entering his country, and that Russian armed forces seized Crimea airport - 2 March: Ukraine's UN ambassador asked an emergency session of the Security Council 'to do everything possible now' to stop Russian aggression as Russian troops took over Ukraine's Crimea - 5 March 2014: UN special envoy, Dutch diplomat Robert Serry, was forced to abandon a mission to Ukraine's Russian-occupied Crimea region after being stopped by armed men and besieged inside a cafe by a hostile crowd shouting 'Russia! Russia!' - 13 March 2014: The UN Security Council is discussing a possible resolution that would reaffirm Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity - 15 March: Russia vetoes UN resolution declaring Crimea referendum invalid - 27 March: Ukraine is optimistic over UN General Assembly vote today on country's territorial integrity after Russian annexation of Crimea
27 March 2014 UN General Assembly Resolution 68/262 recognizing Crimea within Ukraine’s international borders and underscoring the invalidity of the 2014 Crimean referendum - 27 March: Backing Ukraine’s territorial integrity, UN Assembly declares Crimea referendum invalid - 2 April: In a diplomatic blow to Russia, the UN will continue to view Crimea as part of Ukraine in line with a General Assembly resolution - 14 April: As UN Security Council meets over Ukraine and well-organised pro-Russian attackers using Russian-origin automatic weapons, Britain's UN ambassador says Russia had massed tens of thousands of well-equipped troops near the Ukrainian border in addition to the 25,000 troops it recently moved into Crimea to seize it - 30 April: UN Under-Secretary-General Feltman to visit Ukraine and its eastern region next week, noting that pro-Russia militia groups 'were springing up in cities across the region, seizing buildings' and using kidnappings and torture - 5 May: UN Under-Secretary-General for Political Affairs Jeffrey Feltman will visit Ukraine on May 7/8 - 14 May: UN's Ivan Simonovic will visit Kyiv, Donetsk, Odesa May 14-19 - 16 May: Listing numerous specific examples of targeted killings, torture, beatings, abductions and intimidation mostly carried out by well-organized and well-armed anti-Government groups, UN report warns of an alarming deterioration in human rights in eastern Ukraine - 18 May: The divisions in Ukraine are deepening with each incident, UN's Ivan Simonovic says in a TV interview - 22 May: Ukraine has asked its partners at the UN Security Council to convene an urgent meeting due to the continuation of Russian aggression in the Ukrainian territory, PM Yatseniuk says - 4 June 2014: UNICEF is deeply concerned that the recent escalation of violence is now having a greater impact on children in eastern Ukraine - 28 June: UN Human Rights Council adopts resolution on cooperation and assistance to Ukraine, calling on the authorities to conduct reforms and on armed groups to lay down their arms - 6 August: UN Security Council supports Ukraine, points to Russia as a source of military crisis - 11 September 2014: The mission of UN observers has extended the term of its work in Ukraine until December 15
Multi-national relations of Ukraine: Multi-national relations of Ukraine
2014: 27 January: EU heads of missions in Kyiv call on Ukraine's government to deliver promises to opposition - 2 February: Ukraine's opposition appeals to West - 5 March: EU offers Ukraine $15 billion, but help hinges on IMF deal - 6 March: EU leaders to hold emergency talks to decide how strongly they should respond to Russia's troop deployment in Ukraine's Crimea region - 6/7 March: USA and EU impose sanctions for Russia's 'violation of sovereignty' of Ukraine and warn Russia to seek a diplomatic solution - 11 March: EU tells Russia to start Ukraine talks or face sanctions - 21 March: EU signs landmark association agreement with Ukraine - 11 April: Ukraine wants to buy European gas to boost energy security after Putin threatened that gas supplies to Europe could be disrupted - 22 April 2014: EU decision on elimination of customs duties on Ukrainian goods comes into force - 12 May: Ukraine favors Europe over Russia, new CNN poll finds - 13 May: EU has officially announced that it will not recognize 'illegal and illegitimate referenda' of separatists in Donetsk and Luhansk regions of Ukraine - 17/26 June 2014: Over half of Ukrainians want their country to join EU, survey says - 28 June: Ukraine signs historic trade and economic pact with EU - 22 July: EU establishes civilian security reform mission to Ukraine in Kyiv with a two-year mandate - 18 August 2014: Within five years Ukraine will implement all the reforms necessary for accession to the EU and will be ready to join, Turchynov says - 1 December: Ukraine to apply for EU membership in 2020, President Poroshenko says in an interview - 17 December: EU insists on implementation of all points of the Minsk agreements, Federica Mogherini says
Ukraine/Nato relations: Ukraine/NATO relations
Bilateral relations of Ukraine: Bilateral relations of Ukraine
Ukraine/Algeria relations: Ukraine/Algeria relations
Ukraine/Belgium relations: Ukraine/Belgium relations
Ukraine/Finland relations: Ukraine/Finland relations
History of Ukraine-Finland relations: History of Finland-Ukraine relations
Since 2006 Black Sea Forum for Partnership and Dialogue: Black Sea Forum for Partnership and Dialogue since 2006
Since 2015 Saakashvili in Ukraine: Since 2015, following his defeat in Georgia's parliamentary election, Saakashvili in Ukraine, granted Ukrainian citizenship by Poroshenko, who also appointed Saakashvili Governor of Odessa Oblast - 17 February 2015: Georgia appeals to Ukraine with a request to arrest and extradite ex-President of Georgia Mikheil Saakashvili and ex-justice Adeishvili - 17 February 2015: Ukraine refuses to extradite Saakashvili - 30 May 2015: Ukraine's Poroshenko appoints former Georgian leader Mikheil Saakashvili governor of the strategic Odessa region, who once began a war with Russia in 2008 and is now wanted by Georgia over criminal charges - August 2008 Battle of Tskhinvali, fight for the city of Tskhinvali after Georgian ground troops entered the city on early 8 August 2008 following artillery assault, parts of Tskhinvali were devastated in the three-day fighting - Humanitarian impact and casualties of the Georgian-Russian War 2008 - 15 December 2015: Spat between Ukrainian Arsen Avakov and former Georgian warmonger Mikheil Saakashvili follows a brawl between MP Oleh Barna, from Poroshenko’s ruling coalition, attempting to remove Ukrainian PM Yatsenyuk from the speaker’s podium forcefully last week
2014: 9 January 2014: Naftogaz and Gazprom sign supplement to gas contract - 30 janvier: Poutine a fait savoir l'Ukraine qu'il allait 'attendre la formation du nouveau gouvernement ukrainien' pour s'assurer s'il y a lieu de mettre en oeuvre les accords conclus en décembre sur une aide de 15 milliards de dollars - 6. Februar: Putins Ukraine-Beauftragter Sergej Glasjew fordert die Ukraine auf, die Proteste niederzuschlagen - 19 February: Ukraine’s protesters see hand of Russia in Kiev crackdown - 4 March: Russia's Gazprom will remove a discount on the price it charges Ukraine for gas from April 2014 - 1 April: Russia sharply hikes gas price for Ukraine - 5 April: Ukraine threatens to take Russia to court over gas - 12 April 2014: Ukraine stops gas payments to Russia until talks conclude, after Russia's Gazprom raised the price for gas and the Russian regime claimed a $2.2 billion debt - 2 May: Ukraine, EU, Russia fail to agree on price for Russian gas for Ukraine - 18 June: Ukraine loses 10 million cubic meters of gas through an explosion on pipe coinciding in time with the cessation of Russian Gazprom deliveries - 26 September: Ukraine ups import of gas reverse from the EU in January-September 2014 by 30% - 31 October: Ukraine, EU, Russia agree on gas supply in winter season
March 2014: - 1 March: 2,000 Russian troops arrive near Simferopol in Crimea, as Yanukovych gives a news conference in Rostov-on-Don - 2 March: Ukraine calls up reserves, wants forces combat-ready as soon as possible - 3 March: Military imbalance of Ukraine and Russia - 3 March: Ukraine's forces are outnumbered in Crimea, as Russia's presence continues to strengthen in the region and elsewhere - 4 March: Russian soldiers guarding airbase threaten unarmed Ukrainian troops as USA's Kerry heads to Kiev for crisis talks - 4 March: Ukraine makes first contacts with Russia to avert war, also concerning the status of a $15-billion loan package - 8 March: Shots fired to warn off European monitors from Crimea, as Russia warns that Ukraine crisis could prompt it to suspend international monitoring of the reduction of its nuclear stockpile - 9 March: A team of journalists in Crimea has been filmed coming under attack by reportedly Russian soldiers - 12 March: Ukraine won't intervene in Crimea, says president Turchynov - 13/14 March: Russia starts military exercises near the border with Ukraine in a show of force and without a sign of backing down on plans to annex its neighbour's Crimea region - 15 March: Tens of thousands of anti-government protesters marched in central Moscow against Kremlin-backed referendum in Crimea - 16 March: Ukraine and Russia agree on Crimea truce until March 21 - 18 March: Putin signs a decree formally recognizing Crimea as a 'sovereign and independent state', defying Ukraine and the West - 18 March: Putin signs treaty making Crimea, Sevastopol part of Russia
20 March: Ukraine to drop out of a key post-Soviet alliance and slap entry visas on Russians while also preparing for a possible Crimean withdrawal following Putin regime's annexation - 22/23 March: Ukrainian soldier wounded as Russian forces attack Ukrainian Crimea base in Belbek and Putin regime tries to consolidate control - 24 March: Russian troops seize control of another Ukrainian military base in Crimea, the naval base in Feodosia, throwing stun grenades and tying up the hands of Ukrainian marines - 24 March: Ukraine orders withdrawal of armed forces from Crimea in face of Russian threats - 31 March: Ukrainian government sent a protest note to Russian Putin regime over its PM Medvedev's visit to Crimea, calling it a crude violation of international norms and rejecting Putin's calls for federalisation of Ukraine - 3 April: Russian security services involved in the violence that led to more than 100 deaths in Kiev in February, Ukrainian officials say
Since 2014 Russian military intervention in Ukraine since February 2014 and war in Donbas: 2014 pro-Russian riots in Ukraine - 2014–15 Russian military intervention in Ukraine since February 2014 - War in Donbas
2014: 6 April: Pro-Russian demonstrators attack government buildings in eastern Ukraine smashing windows and planting Russian flag - 7 April: Ukraine's president to hold emergency meeting and to address parliamentary assembly of the Council of Europe over threats to the democratic institutions in Ukraine and attacks - 8 April: Putin urged to stop destabilizing Ukraine after reported evidence that clashes in eastern Ukraine involving pro-Kremlin forces were incited by outsiders - 8 April: Ukraine ends one pro-Russia occupation but armed protesters hold out in two more eastern cities in what Kiev says is a Russian-led plan to dismember the country - 12 April: Pro-Russian forces take over government buildings in eastern Ukraine - 13 April: Ukraine prepares armed response as pro-Russia forces carrying automatic weapons seized government buildings in Slaviansk and set up barricades on the outskirts of the city
17 April 2014: EU, USA, Ukraine, Russia to meet in Geneva for crisis talks - 17 April: EU, USA, Ukraine, Russia reached an agreement to 'restore security for all citizens' urging 'all illegal armed groups' to disarm and vacate 'seized buildings' in eastern Ukraine - 19 April: Most in east Ukraine region against joining Russia, poll says - 7 May: At a meeting with OSCE Chairman Didier Burkhalter in Moscow, Putin calls on Ukrainian separatists to reschedule May 11 'referendum', adding that presidential elections in Ukraine, scheduled for May 25, are a step in the right direction - 14 May 2014: Ukraine's government launches a series of round tables talks with spiritual leaders, lawmakers, government figures and regional officials, insisting they will not talk to the pro-Russia gunmen seizing buildings and fighting government troops across eastern Ukraine violating international law - 29 May 2014: Pro-Russian separatists near Slovyansk shot down a Ukrainian army helicopter carrying supplies, killing 14 soldiers including a general, as separatist leader in Donetsk admits his fighters include Russian 'volunteers' - 6 June: PM Yatseniuk vows Donbas to be freed from terrorists
2015: 18 February 2015: Russia violates its obligations under Minsk agreements, Ukraine's Foreign Ministry says - 28 February 2015: Boris Nemtsov planned to disclose evidence for Russia's presence in Donbas, Poroshenko says after Nemtsov's assassination in Moscow, adding that he had a conversation with Nemtsov a few weeks ago how to build better relations between Ukraine and Russia - 28 February: Kyiv residents bring flowers to Russian Embassy, mourning for Boris Nemtsov - 18 March: Ukraine will file a suit to the Hague tribunal on the recognition of Russia's aggression against Ukraine - 25 September: Russian airlines listed under sanctions will not be able to fly to Ukraine from 25 October 2015 - 30 November 2015: 'The terrible events that France experienced this tragic November are daily reality for Ukraine for almost 21 months, my country is suffering for the terrorism sponsored and promoted by the Russian Federation', Ukrainian president Poroshenko says in Paris
Ukraine/Saudi-Arabia relations: Ukraine/Saudi-Arabia relations
Ukraine/USA relations: Ukraine/USA relations
2014: 8 February 2014: Ukraine's regime says not investigating bugging of US diplomats phone talk, as foreign politicians found the conversation's private remarks 'totally unacceptable' but not the illegaly leaking of a conversation of two persons - 24 February 2014: USA and European allies warn Putin regime against Ukraine grab amid break-up fears - 27 February: USA considering $1 billion in loan guarantees for Ukraine, as well as budget support and immediate steps to help Ukraine's economy, John Kerry and Jen Psaki say - 10 March: USA will not recognise Crimea referendum, says ambassador Geoffrey Pyatt - 10 March: Details of western sanctions against Putin regime to be finalised in London, hoping to persuade the regime to withdraw its presence from Crimea - 2 April: The USA House of Representatives voted 378-34 for a package of aid and sanctions in response to Russia's annexation of Crimea - 22 April: USA's Joe Biden visits Kiev to support government - 22 April: Poroshenko agrees with Biden on criticism of corruption - 7 May: USA's Nuland says, that that the USA stands united with the overwhelming majority of the international community - in the G7, in NATO, in the OSCE, in the UN General Assembly, in the Council of Europe - in support of Ukraine's presidential elections on May 25 - 17 July: USA Congress passes Russian Aggression Prevention Act - 19 September: Ukrainian President Poroshenko asks USA congressmen to help Ukraine, including by providing military assistance - 5 December 2014: The USA State Department does not see as a fight for influence the expansion of broadcasting in Ukrainian and Russian languages but a fight for the people of the entire region against Kremlin propaganda
Since summer 2019 Trump–Ukraine controversy: Since summer 2019 Trump–Ukraine controversy
Landforms and protected areas of Ukraine: Landforms of Ukraine - Protected areas of Ukraine
Environmental disasters in Ukraine: Environmental disasters in Ukraine
Hydraulic fracturing in Ukraine: Hydraulic fracturing in Ukraine
Natural disasters in Ukraine: Natural disasters in Ukraine


United Kingdom - Geography of the United Kingdom - Demography of the United Kingdom
Billingham Manufacturing Plant: Billingham Manufacturing Plant
Forestry in the United Kingdom: Forestry in the United Kingdom
Fishing in the United Kingdom: Fishing in the United Kingdom
Water supply and sanitation in the United Kingdom: Water supply and sanitation in the United Kingdom
Foreign trade of the UK: Foreign trade of the United Kingdom
2016: 3 April 2016: Findings of a yearlong investigation by the ICIJ of the 'Panama Papers' (also concerning the British Virgin Islands and other offshore havens), a giant leak of offshore financial records, expose global array of crime, corruption, offshore holdings of politicians and public officials from around the world including Putin, Assad associates, Argentina's president Macri, the family of China’s Xi Jinping, the king of Saudi Arabia, Poroshenko, the familiy of Pakistan's Nawaz Sharif, people in more than 200 countries and territories (Jackie Chan, Lionel Messi etc.), people and companies blacklisted because of evidence that they’d been involved in wrongdoing and war crimes, such as doing business with Mexican drug lords, terrorist organizations like Hezbollah or rogue nations like North Korea and Iran, the support of Assad's barrel bombs, and involving major banks including British banks, German banks, banks of Luxembourg, Switzerland's UBS, Credit Suisse and HSBC Private Bank - 4 April 2016: Global reactions to huge leak of offshore tax files - 5 April 2016: United Arab Emirates' Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan has secretly built one of the single biggest offshore property empires in Britain, the Panama Papers reveal - 7 April 2016: While shining a spotlight on the secret financial arrangements of the rich and powerful, the so-called 'Panama Papers' have laid bare London's role as a vital organ of the world's tax-haven network
Barclays: 29 June 2012: Barclays' chief admits submitting false data to protect firm's reputation during crisis, as scrutiny increases on UK banks - Libor scandal - June/July 2012: Timeline of Barclays' widening Libor-fixing scandal - 19 August: Former Barclays CEO 'held back evidence', parliamentary committee claims - 1 November: Barclays faces fine for manipulating US markets - 12 February 2013: Barclays says to cut at least 3,700 jobs this year adding that it had plunged into an annual net loss - 20 May 2015: Barclays was fined £1.5bn by five regulators for rigging foreign exchange markets, as the USA attorney general Loretta Lynch says bank traders had exhibited 'breathtaking flagrancy' in setting up a group they called 'the cartel' to manipulate the market between 2007 and the end of 2013
Lloyds Banking Group: Lloyds Banking Group
London Stock Exchange: London Stock Exchange
Economic history, business cycles and recessions in the UK: Economic history of the United Kingdom
Late 2000s UK recession: United Kingdom late 2000s recession
September 2019 London’s economy and the 'rest' of England: 5 September 2019: London’s economy has outstripped all other English regions with a 19% surge in growth since 2012, highlighting the divide between the capital and the rest of England
Youth unemployment in the United Kingdom: Youth unemployment in the United Kingdom
Income in the United Kingdom: Income in the United Kingdom
2013-2015: 3 April 2013: Britain's queen received 31 million pounds last year, but that will be increased to 36.1 million pounds in 2013-2014 financial year - 28 January 2014: British MPs criticised Royal Household for blowing its annual budget while neglecting repairs - 17/18 July 2015: British Sun newspaper defends footage from the early 1930s showing royals making Nazi salute, saying that Edward, who later became King Edward VIII, 'was already a fan of Hitler – and remained so as late as 1970, long after the Holocaust’s horrors were laid bare' - 24 July 2015: In a rise of 18% from the previous year, the royal household will receive 16 million pound ($24.8 million, 22.3 million euros) this year, and the queen will also receive 40 million pound from the proceeds of the semi-independent Crown Estate
2017: 25 octobre 2017: Parmi la multitude de terrains que possède la Couronne figure une zone commerciale où est bâti un McDonald's, a découvert 'The Independant' - 5 November 2017: Millions of pounds from the Queen’s private estate has been invested in a Cayman Islands fund as part of an offshore portfolio, including the off-licence chain Threshers and the retailer BrightHouse, which has been criticised for exploiting thousands of poor families and vulnerable people, that has never before been disclosed, using offshore private equity funds designed to shield UK investors from having to pay USA tax on their holdings, according to documents called 'Paradise Papers' and revealed in an investigation into offshore tax havens - List of people named in the November 2017 'Paradise Papers' - 7 November 2017: The Prince of Wales’s private estate has invested millions of pounds in offshore funds and companies, including a Bermuda-registered business run by one of his best friends, according to 'Paradise Papers'
British Military: British Armed Forces
Military history and weapons of the United Kingdom: Military history of the United Kingdom - Weapons of the United Kingdom
Military budget: Military budget
British intelligence agencies: British intelligence agencies
Secret Intelligence Service MI6: Secret Intelligence Service MI6
Government Communications Headquarters: Government Communications Headquarters
Foreign relations of the United Kingdom: Foreign relations of United Kingdom
British nationalism: British nationalism
1801–1923 History of Ireland: History of Ireland 1801–1923
1919-1921 Irish War of Independence: 1919-1921 Irish War of Independence
1879 Anglo-Zulu War: 1879 Anglo-Zulu War
Since 1880 Boer Wars: Since 1880 Boer Wars
19th/20th century - 1948/1972 Sri Lankan independence movement: 19th/20th century - 1948/1972 Sri Lankan independence movement
1948 Israeli Declaration of Independence: 1948 Israeli Declaration of Independence
'Punitive expeditions' of the United Kingdom: 'Punitive expeditions' of the United Kingdom
British Overseas Territories, former slaveholder societies, offshore financial centres and tax havens: British Overseas Territories - List of offshore financial centres
Anguilla: Anguilla, a British overseas territory in the Caribbean and one of the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles, with a population of approximately 13,500 in 2006 estimate, Anguilla has become a popular tax haven - History of Anguilla and British Colonial Anguilla since 1650 and attempts were made to develop Anguilla into a plantation-based economy employing enslaved Africans, in 1819, there were 360 Europeans, 320 free Africans, and 2,451 slaves - Demographics and ethnic groups of Anguilla, 85.3% of the population are African in 2011 - The economy of Anguilla depends heavily on luxury tourism, offshore banking, lobster fishing, and remittances from emigrants, in 2011 Anguilla became the fifth-largest jurisdiction for captive insurance, behind Bermuda, Cayman, Vermont and Guernsey
Cayman Islands/USA relations: Cayman Islands/USA relations
Natural disasters and hurricanes in the Cayman Islands: Natural disasters in the Cayman Islands - Hurricanes in the Cayman Islands
Politics of the British Virgin Islands: Politics of the British Virgin Islands
February 2019 British Virgin Islands general election: 25 February 2019 British Virgin Islands general election
British Indian Ocean Territory: British Indian Ocean Territory
British Antarctic Territory: British Antarctic Territory
British membership in international organisations: British membership in international organisations
United Kingdom/United Nations relations: United Kingdom and the United Nations
May 2001 International Criminal Court Act 2001: May 2001 International Criminal Court Act 2001
June 1975 United Kingdom European Communities membership referendum: United Kingdom European Communities membership referendum 5 June 1975
October/November 2016: 7 octobre 2016: Le gouvernement britannique a demandé d'exclure des professeurs étrangers d'un projet sur le Brexit qu'il avait confié à la London School of Economics - 7 octobre 2016: Un député d'Ukip a terminé à l'hôpital après une altercation au parlement européen avec un autre député d'Ukip - Violent crime, risk models, effective interventions and risk management, a 2008 United Kingdom's National Audit Office report following RAND Europe’s report for the National Audit Office on interventions to reduce anti-social behaviour and crime - 19 November 2016: The timing and manner of Britain’s leaving of the EU remains unclear but the rest of Europe is timely preparing for UK's wanted divorce, after UK's May and Germany's Merkel discussed refugees and Russia and potential deals with African countries to stem migration into Europe
Treaties of the United Kingdom: Treaties of the United Kingdom
Bilateral relations of the United Kingdom: Bilateral relations of the United Kingdom
2012/2013: 18 January 2012: UK troops quizzed over Afghan child abuse - 21 July: More than 800 historic artefacts stolen from museums in Afghanistan returned to Afghanistan - 11 October 2012: Seven UK marines arrested on suspicion of murder in Afghanistan last year - 14 October: Five UK marines charged with murder - 24 January 2013: Playing royals in action - the third-in-line to the throne Harry confirmed he shot dead insurgents from the cockpit, saying he took the enemy 'out of the game' - 27 April: Hundreds of anti-drone protesters march against UK flight-control centre and against armed drones being operated from Britain to conduct missions in Afghanistan - 4 June: Two British soldiers convicted of abusing Afghans - 14 July: A total of 50 serving and veteran British soldiers committed suicide last year, more than were killed fighting the Taliban in Afghanistan - 6 December: UK marine jailed for 10 years for killing injured Taliban
United Kingdom/Africa relations: United Kingdom/Africa relations
Since 1795 British occupations, annexations, colonies and 'protectorates' in Africa: Territorial evolution of the British Empire in Africa - 1795-1910 British Cape Colony
United Kingdom/Argentina relations: United Kingdom/Argentina relations
United Kingdom/Australia relations: United Kingdom/Australia relations
Death of Jacintha Saldanha December 2012: Death of Jacintha Saldanha December 2012 - 9 December: London hospital protests to the Australian network which broadcast the conversation with Jacintha Saldanha, who apparently killed herself - 9 December: As more than 300 people attended a memorial service for Jacintha Saldanha held in Shirva in India on Sunday, Australian media say it is not the time for 'hysterical finger-pointing' - Sunday 9 December: Scotland Yard contacts Australian police over the death of Jacintha Saldanha - 13 December: One week later, London police says, Jacintha Saldhana was found hanging in her room. leaving three suicide notes - 1 February 2013: British prosecutor Malcolm McHaffie says two Australian radio hosts who made a prank call to the hospital treating Prince William's pregnant wife Kate would face no criminal charges over the death of nurse Jacintha Saldanha - 11 February 2013: Australia royal radio hoaxer Christian back on air - 28 April 2013: Kate prank call nurse Jacintha Saldanha left a suicide note blaming the two Australian RJs Mel Greig and Michael Christian for her death - 10 July: British police pass royal hoax call file to Australian officers
United Kingdom/Bahrain relations: United Kingdom/Bahrain relations
1971 Bahrain's declaration of independence: After a plebiscite Bahrain declared independence on 15 August 1971
United Kingdom/Benin relations: United Kingdom/Benin relations relations
United Kingdom/Burma relations: United Kingdom/Burma relations
1824-1948 British rule in Burma: British rule in Burma lasted from 1824 to 1948
United Kingdom/Bulgaria relations: United Kingdom/Bulgaria relations
United Kingdom/Cyprus relations: United Kingdom/Cyprus relations
1914–1960 British Cyprus: British Cyprus 1914–1960
United Kingdom/Ecuador relations: United Kingdom/Ecuador relations
2012-2014: 16 August 2012: UK issues threat to arrest Assange in embassy - 'we're not a British colony, the colonial times are over', Ecuadorean FM Ricardo Patino says - 16 August 2012: Protests in Quito: 'Somos soberanos no colonia' - 17 August: British FM Hague says that the UK will not allow Julian Assange safe passage out of the country to Ecuador - 18 August: Ecuador says WikiLeaks founder will remain in its embassy in London as long as he is denied safe passage out of UK - 20 August: Ecuador backed by the Union of South American Nations - 21 August: Ecuadoreans rally behind Assange asylum bid - 22 août: Le président équatorien demande à Londres de retirer ses menaces - 3 July 2013: Hidden microphone found in London embassy, says Ecuador - 17 August 2014: Julian Assange has had human rights violated, says Ecuador FM Ricardo Patino, accusing the British government of having no real interest in finding a diplomatic solution to the confinement of Assange
United Kingdom/Estonia relations: United Kingdom/Estonia relations
United Kingdom/Ethiopia relations: United Kingdom/Ethiopia relations
United Kingdom/France relations: United Kingdom/France relations
1803-1815 Napoleonic Wars: 1803-1815 Napoleonic Wars tragedy
United Kingdom/Gambia relations: United Kingdom/Gambia relations
1964 Gambia Independence Act: 1964 Gambia Independence Act
1965-1970 The Gambia British Commonwealth realm: 1965-1970 The Gambia British Commonwealth realm
October 2013 Gambia’s government withdrawing from the Commonwealth says 'will never be a member of any neo-colonial institution': 3 October 2013: Gambia’s government announced it is withdrawing from the Commonwealth, saying it 'will never be a member of any neo-colonial institution'
United Kingdom/Germany relations: United Kingdom/Germany relations
1938 Munich Agreement 1938: Munich Agreement 1938
Since 1950th British admiration of Hitler-general Erwin Rommel: Since 1950th British biography 'The Desert Fox' of the German 'Field Marshal' and Hitler-general Erwin Rommel, the first biography of Rommel enjoying immense popularity, especially in Britain and leading the Western Allies, particularly the British, to depict Rommel as the 'good German' and 'our friend Rommel', contributing to the creation of the Rommel myth - 1939-1944 Hitler-general Erwin Rommel during World War II, Rommel was promoted to Generalmajor on 23 August 1939 and assigned as commander of the Führerbegleitbrigade battalion, tasked with guarding Hitler and his field headquarters during the invasion of Poland, which began on 1 September 1939 - Since 1939 Nazi crimes against the Polish nation, committed during the course of the invasion as well as the subsequent occupation of Poland, claimed the lives of 2.77 million Christian Poles, historians outside Poland put the number of Jewish victims of the Holocaust in occupied Poland at 3.0 million - War crimes in occupied Poland during World War II
United Kingdom/Ghana relations: United Kingdom/Ghana relations
1821-1957 British colony 'Gold Coast': 1824-1901 Anglo-Ashanti Wars, a series of five conflicts between the Ashanti Empire, in the Akan interior of the Gold Coast and now Ghana, and the invading British Empire and British-allied African states - List of conflicts in Ghana and British wars - 1821-1957 British colony 'Gold Coast' on the Gulf of Guinea in west Africa that became the independent nation of Ghana in 1957 - 1867 Anglo-Dutch 'Gold Coast' treaty established a trade of forts among the Dutch and British Gold Coast, in order to produce a more coherent area of imperial influence there, all forts to the east of Fort Elmina (founded by the Portuguese) were awarded to Britain, and all forts to the west were awarded to the Netherlands - 'United Kingdom' treaties extended to the British colony 'Gold Coast'
1967-1974 Support for the Greek military dictatorship: Support for the Greek military dictatorship 1967-1974
United Kingdom/India relations: United Kingdom/India relations
1858-1947 British rule in the Indian subcontinent: British Raj - British rule in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947
Death of Jacintha Saldanha December 2012 and hindered investigation: Death of Jacintha Saldanha December 2012 - 9 December: As more than 300 people attended a memorial service for Jacintha Saldanha held in Shirva in India on Sunday, Australian media say it is not the time for 'hysterical finger-pointing' - Sunday 9 December: Scotland Yard contacts Australian police over the death of Jacintha Saldanha - 11 December 2012: The familiy of Jacintha Saldhana, who died in London, wants an independent inquiry - 13 December: Results of an autopsy to be revealed as the children and husband of Jacintha Saldanha arrive in London - 13 December: One week later, London police says, Jacintha Saldhana was found hanging in her room. leaving three suicide notes - 17 décembre: Obsèques de Jacintha Saldhana - 23 December: The family of Jacintha Saldanha has assembled a set of 60 questions, which they have posed to the British hospital as well as to the parent company of the Australian radio
13 January 2013: Getting no answers to their 60 questions Jacintha Saldanha's family have been told by the hospital and by the radio station's parent company Southern Cross Austereo that internal and official inquiries are under way - Southern Cross Austereo has not made any attempt to contact Saldanha's family to express their condolence or apologise for the hoax call - 2 February 2013: British prosecutors, the crown (!) prosecution service, will not press charges against two Australian DJs over the royal hoax call and its illegal and international broadcasting that preceded Jacintha Saldhana's suicide - 11 February 2013: Australia royal radio hoaxer back on air - 7 March 2013: The family of Jacintha Saldhana, who committed suicide after hoax call broadcasting, is struggling with the prospect of massive legal bills to uncover the truth - 28 April 2013: Kate prank call nurse Jacintha Saldanha left a suicide note blaming the two Australian RJs Mel Greig and Michael Christian for her death - 20 June 2013: The radio station at the centre of a prank call that led to the suicide of Jacintha Saldanha is trying to block further investigation of its actions - 1 September 2013: Jacintha Saldanha had received a series of prank calls from Australian radio station 2Day FM in the lead up to her suicide at a London hospital last December
United Kingdom/Indonesia relations: United Kingdom/Indonesia relations
United Kingdom/Iran relations: United Kingdom/Iran relations
2011/2012: 29 November 2011: Iran protesters storm UK embassy in Tehran during a demonstration against sanctions - 30 November: UK to expel all Iranian diplomats over embassy attack - 19 February 2012: Iran has halted its limited oil sales to France and Britain in retaliation for a phased EU ban on Iranian oil - 7 August: British bank Standard Chartered rejects a US regulator's claim that it hid $250bn in transactions with Iranian banks in violation of US sanctions - 7 August 2012: Allegations that 'Standard Chartered' illegally schemed with Iran to launder money - 15 August 2012: UK bank Standard Chartered agrees to pay $340m to settle allegations that it hid $250bn in transactions with Iran - 11 December 2012: HSBC 'to pay' $1.9bn money-laundering fine over transfers linked to Iran and Mexican drug cartels
15-18 August 2019 warrant for the seizure of Grace 1: 15 août 2019: La Cour suprême de Gibraltar a autorisé le pétrolier iranien soupçonné de vouloir livrer sa cargaison à la Syrie, et arraisonné début juillet, à quitter le territoire britannique, malgré la demande américaine de prolonger l'immobilisation du navire - 16 August 2019: After failed bid to stop Gibraltar from letting seized Iranian supertanker go, USA says vessel still in breach of sanctions by aiding Revolutionary Guards, as Iranian regime denies giving Gibraltar assurances for release of tanker, that it would not head to any country subject to EU sanctions - 17 August 2019: USA Justice Department issued a warrant for the seizure of the Iranian oil supertanker Grace 1, saying Grace 1 part of scheme to illegally support Syria, one day after Gibraltar judge approved its release - 18 August 2019: Gibraltar rejects USA request to seize Iranian oil tanker, now renamed the Adrian Darya and flying the flag of Iran, after authorities seized the vessel on suspicion of transporting oil to Syria in breach of European sanctions and after Iranian regime denied giving Gibraltar assurances that it would not head to any country subject to EU sanctions
1980-1988 British support for Iraq during the Iran-Iraq war: British support for Iraq during the Iran-Iraq war 1980-1988
Death of Baha Mousa 2003: Baha Mousa beaten to death 2003 by British soldiers, the 'Duke of Lancaster's Regiment' - Convicted war criminal Donald Payne 2007 jailed for one year by UK court martial - the other criminals not sentenced - Timeline: Iraqi abuse trial 2006-2008 - Video July 2009: British soldiers in action - Baha Mousa inquiry leading to death - 8 September 2011 UK-inquiry into the death of Baha Mousa: The 'United Kingdom' is a nation that calls a murder 'a breach of discipline', in its illegal war - 8 September 2011: Daoud Mousa talks about pain of losing his son Baha - 22 November 2011: Over 100 Iraqi civilians win legal bid for torture inquiry against British soldiers - 16 December 2012: British Army doctor Keilloh found guilty of attempting to cover up the death of Baha Mousa who was beaten to death by British troops, and of failing to protect other detainees - 17 December: Only the professional body of the Medical Practitioners Tribunal Service shows the rest of the legal establishment that those involved in Baha Mousa's killing in 2003 should and can be held responsible for their actions
2012-2013: 20 October 2012: The families of two soldiers killed in Iraq have been told they can sue the Ministry of Defence for negligence - 21 December: Britain has paid out $22.7m to Iraqis who accused UK troops of illegally detaining and torturing them following the 2003 invasion - 29 January 2013: British troops in Iraq killed civilians including women, the elderly and children and committed 'terrifying acts of brutality', the High Court heard today - 4 March 2013: The Al-Sweady Inquiry in London was shown gruesome photographs of bloodied corpses - 5 March: British troops alleged to have murdered up to 20 prisoners after a fierce battle in May 2004 in southern Iraq, and tortured five other captives - 17 March 2013: At least 112,000 civilians were killed in the 10 years since the US-led 2003 invasion of Iraq, according to the Britain-based Iraq Body Count group - 1 June 2013: Britain must investigate torture in Iraq, Afghanistan, UN says - 21 November 2013: UK actions in Iraq and Afghanistan wars were incoherent, Chatham House report says
2016: 9 January 2016: Nearly 300 British veterans face investigation over alleged Iraq war crimes - 12 May 2016: Claims by more than 600 Iraqi civilians alleging that they were unlawfully detained and physically mistreated by British soldiers have been dismissed by the supreme court in London ruling that the applications for compensation following the invasion of Iraq in 2003 had been brought too late - 3 July 2016: Before the Chilcot inquiry report’s release Philippe Sands QC, author of 'Lawless World', a book about the Iraq war, says that the report into the Iraq war must deliver a convincing account of the mistakes that led to the 2003 conflict to help restore public trust in politics - 4 July 2016: An investigation into allegations that Iraqi civilians drowned after British soldiers forced them into rivers following the 2003 invasion has been given evidence from a former army officer who says the practice of 'wetting' was relatively widespread - 6 July 2016: 13 years after the invasion of Iraq, families say 'we just want the truth' awaiting the Chilcot report
United Kingdom/Ireland relations: United Kingdom/Ireland relations
Since 1534 list of Irish uprisings, independence and Republic since the 20th century: List of uprisings by Irish people against English and British claims of sovereignty in Ireland since 1534 (ongoing) - Irish republicanism based on the conviction that all of Ireland should be an independent republic - Irish Rebellion of 1798 against British rule in Ireland lasting from May to September 1798 influenced by the ideas of the American and French revolutions - 1848 Young Irelander Rebellion led by the Young Ireland movement, part of the wider democratic revolutions of 1848 that affected most of Europe - Easter Rising during Easter Week 1916 was mounted by Irish republicans to end British rule in Ireland and establish an independent Irish Republic while the Kingdom was heavily engaged in World War I - Irish War of Independence between the Irish Republican Army and the British Government and its forces 1919-1921 - Anglo-Irish Treaty 1921 - Irish Free State 1922-1937 - Irish Free State 1922-1937 - Since 1937 Constitution of the Republic of Ireland - Gaelic revival
July 2011 parade tensions in Northern Ireland: Riots in Northern Ireland amid parade tensions 12 July 2011
United Kingdom/Israel relations: United Kingdom/Israel relations
2012/2013: 18 April 2012: Secret files from British colonial rule have been released by the government, one year after they came to light in a High Court challenge to disclose them - 17 July: The British government accepts that colonial forces in Kenya tortured and abused detainees during the Mau Mau rebellion - 5 October: Kenyans win UK torture ruling - 30 November: The fullest account yet of a massacre which took place during the Mau Mau rebellion in Kenya in the 1950s, has been given in UK Foreign Office documents released by the National Archives - 6 juin 2013: Le ministre britannique des Affaires étrangères a exprimé les 'sincères regrets' aux Kényans victimes de mauvais traitements lors de l'insurrection Mau Mau contre l'autorité coloniale, en annonçant près de 20 millions de livres d'indemnisation
United Kingdom/Lebanon relations: United Kingdom/Lebanon relations
United Kingdom/Liberia relations: United Kingdom/Liberia relations
United Kingdom/Libya relations: United Kingdom/Libya relations
United Kingdom/Malawi relations: United Kingdom/Malawi relations
Hunger and famine in the British colony 'Nyasaland': Hunger and famine in the British colony 'Nyasaland'
United Kingdom/Malaysia relations: United Kingdom/Malaysia relations
United Kingdom/Mali relations: United Kingdom/Mali relations
Since 1670 British rule and slavery in the Cayman Islands: Since 1670 British instituted slavery in the Cayman Islands until 1834
United Kingdom/Malta relations: United Kingdom/Malta relations
1690–1967 British Mediterranean Fleet: British Mediterranean Fleet 1690–1967
1798-1800 Siege of Malta: Siege of Malta (1798–1800)
1813-1964 British Malta Colony: British Malta Colony 1813–1964
1964 Maltese referendum on a new constitution and independence: Maltese referendum on a new constitution and independence 1964
United Kingdom/Mauritius relations: United Kingdom/Mauritius relations
1810-1968 British Crown Colony 'British Mauritius': 1810-1968 British Crown Colony 'British Mauritius'
1982-2015 Mauritius v. United Kingdom: 1982-2015 Mauritius v. United Kingdom
Chagos Archipelago sovereignty dispute: Chagos Archipelago sovereignty dispute
United Kingdom/Middle East relations: United Kingdom/Middle East and North Africa relations
United Kingdom/Namibia relations: United Kingdom/Namibia relations
1914-1915 conquest and occupation of 'German South West Africa' by forces from the 'Union of South Africa' acting on behalf of the British Imperial Government: South-West Africa Campaign 1914-1915 was the conquest and occupation of 'German South West Africa' by forces from the 'Union of South Africa' acting on behalf of the British Imperial Government
1915-1990 Namibia 'South-West Africa' mandate of South Africa: Namibia 'South-West Africa' mandate of South Africa 1915-1990 - Apartheid in South-West Africa
United Kingdom/Nigeria relations: United Kingdom/Nigeria relations
Late 1780s until the 1960s British West Africa and Colonial Nigeria: British West Africa from the late 1780s until the 1960s - Colonial Nigeria - Provinces of Nigeria
United Kingdom/Norway relations: United Kingdom/Norway relations
United Kingdom/Pakistan relations: United Kingdom/Pakistan relations
United Kingdom/Philippines relations: United Kingdom/Philippines relations
United Kingdom/Portugal relations: United Kingdom/Portugal relations
2006 poisoning of Alexander Litvinenko in London: Poisoning and death of Alexander Litvinenko in London November 2006
August-December 2012: 9 August 2012: A High Court judge appointed to hold the inquest into the death of Alexander Litvinenko - 19 September: Litvinenko's widow hopes inquest will reveal truth - NZZ 20. September 2012: Fast sechs Jahre nach dem Tod Alexander Litwinenkos kündigt britischer Richter gerichtliche Untersuchung des Falls an und kritisiert, daß diese noch nicht stattgefunden habe - 20 September: Inquest into Litvinenko's death will examine claims the Russian government was involved - if proven this would be an 'act of state-sponsored nuclear terrorism' - 2 November: Litvinenko inquest details emerge - 14 December: Alexander Litvinenko was a 'registered and paid' agent working for Britain's foreign intelligence agency when he died after being poisoned, a lawyer representing his widow told an official hearing - another lawyer said the UK has evidence the Russian government was behind Litvinenko's death
2013/2014: 27 February 2013: After the UK government asked for 'sensitive' information about the death of Litvinenko to be kept secret, high court judge Robert Owen said he will hold an open and 'fearless' inquiry into the 2006 murder of Litvinenko - 17 May 2013: Litvinenko inquest coroner Owen reluctantly agreed to the foreign secretary's request to hide material which suggested Russia's state agencies were behind Litvinenko's cold war-style killing, also agreeing to exclude documents that examined whether UK officials could have done more to prevent the murder - 18 May: Alexander Litvinenko widow accuses William Hague and David Cameron of sabotaging the inquest into her husband's murder and hiding the Russian state's role in his death - 4 October 2013: Marina Litvinenko said she risked losing any source of income if she failed in her attempt to force a public inquiry into the 2006 killing of her husband – the only mechanism by which evidence of the Russian state's culpability can legally be considered - 22 July 2014: Public inquiry into Alexander Litvinenko's death to be announced
2014: 2 March: Ukrainians protest Russian invasion in Ukraine - 2 March: Activists calling for Putin to pull troops out of Ukraine gathered in Kiev, London, New York, Washington DC, Moscow and Vilnius - 2 March: UK will suspend its participation in preparations for a G8 meeting in Sochi after Russia violated Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity - 10 March: Details of western sanctions against Putin regime to be finalised in London, hoping to persuade the regime to withdraw its presence from Crimea - 14 July 2014: PM Cameron faces embarrassment for letting Russian firm Rosoboronexport, supplying attack helicopters, tanks, sniper rifles, grenade launchers etc. to Assad regime, promote military aircraft at Farnborough show - 17 July 2014: Ten British passengers among the 298 victims of Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17 crash - 23 July 2014: More than 200 licences to sell British weapons to Russia, including missile-launching equipment, components for military helicopters and surface-launched rockets, small arms ammunition, sniper rifles, body armour, and military communications equipment are still in place despite claims of an absolute arms embargo
March 2018: 6 March 2018: Former Russian spy Sergei Skripal critically ill in UK 'after exposure to substance' - 6 March 2018: British counter-terrorist police investigate Sergei Skripal case - 7 March 2018: Former Russian spy Sergei Skripal was deliberately poisoned with a nerve agent in a case that is now being treated as attempted murder, with police officer also 'seriously ill’ - 9 March 2018: Russian spy poisoning inquiry widens after medics treat 21 people - 11 March 2018: Nerve agent traces 'found in Zizzi restaurant' in Salisbury where Skripals ate - 11 March 2018: After the Salisbury poisonings, it’s time to tell Putin’s inner circle that they are no longer welcome in the UK, Oliver Bullough says, after Russian regime's embassy issued provocative tweet and Russian state TV warned 'traitors' not to settle in England - 13 March 2018: Russian exile Nikolai Glushkov, an associate of Putin critic Boris Berezovsky, who was found dead in 2013, found dead in London in unexplained circumstances - 13 March 2018: Perhaps we should boycott the World Cup with all our friends and run it here in the UK, chemical weapons expert Hamish de Bretton-Gordon says, demanding action over the Salisbury spy attack - 14 March 2018: Receiving strong support from EU politicians and the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons OPCW, the body responsible for the control of chemical weapons, UK's Theresa May expected to set out plans to build a coalition of international support – from the EU, Nato and even the UN – to rein in Russia - 28 mars 2018: Selon la police britannique, Sergueï Skripal et sa fille, empoisonnés le 4 mars, ont eu un premier contact avec l'agent innervant à son domicile
April 2018: 7 April 2018 Douma chemical attack - 11 April 2018: Yulia Skripal, who was poisoned with the nerve agent 'novichok' along with her father, has said she did not wish to take up the offer of services from the Russian embassy in London - 12 April 2018: GCHQ chief Jeremy Fleming condemns 'reckless' Russian attack in Salisbury - 12 April 2018: Theresa May has not ruled out committing the UK to join a coordinated military intervention in Syria without consulting MPs, after insisting that chemical weapons attacks on Douma 'cannot go unchallenged', as UK-Russia tensions rise over Syria's Douma chemical attack and Salisbury 'novichok' poisoning - 12 April 2018: 'Novichok' used in Salisbury poisoning, chemical weapons watchdog confirms, as OPCW says analysis of samples confirms UK findings about nerve agent used in Salisbury attack
United Kingdom/Saudi Arabia relations: United Kingdom/Saudi Arabia relations
United Kingdom/Sierra Leone relations: United Kingdom/Sierra Leone relations
1808–1961 'Freetown' Crown Colony: Freetown as a Crown Colony 1808–1961
1961 Sierra Leone's and Freetown's independence: 1961 Sierra Leone became politically independent of the United Kingdom
United Kingdom/Singapore relations: United Kingdom/Singapore relations - Trade and Investment
United Kingdom/Somalia relations: United Kingdom/Somalia relations
'Anglo American plc' mining company: 'Anglo American plc' mining company - 20 September: Tear gas fired at striking workers at Anglo American Platinum, following pay rise deal agreed with Lonmin miners - 20 September: Zuma's police kills two more people in a crackdown on striking Anglo American Platinum miners, a ruling party municipal councillor who died of injuries from a rubber bullet and a miner who was run over by an armoured car - 5 October 2012: Anglo American Platinum mine announced to dismiss 12.000 out of 21.000 striking miners they say are engaging in an 'illegal strike' - striker died from rubber-coated bullets shot to disperse protesters on Thursday night - 7 October: Representatives of 12.000 fired Anglo American Platinum workers will lay murder charges after a colleague was killed in clashes with police - 11 October: At least two people have been killed and forty others arrested after striking mine workers clashed with police - 13 October: Police fire tear gas and rubber bullets on protesting miners who tried to march towards platinum mine near Rustenburg - 15 January 2013: Anglo American Platinum says it will cease production at four mine shafts, which could lead to the loss of almost 14.000 jobs
United Kingdom/Sri Lanka relations: United Kingdom/Sri Lanka relations
1796 British annexation of Colombo and 1815-1945 British colony 'British Ceylon': British annexation of Colombo 1796: British colony 'British Ceylon' between 1815 and 1948 - Great Rebellion of 1817–1818
United Kingdom/Sudan relations: United Kingdom/Sudan relations
United Kingdom/Sweden relations: United Kingdom/Sweden relations
United Kingdom/Switzerland relations: United Kingdom/Switzerland relations - Man Group - hedge and investment fund - HSBC - HSBC Bank International (Jersey etc.) - 1 November 2012: As trial begins Costas Vaxevanis insists he was doing his job while ministers responsible for vetting the HSBC-list for possible tax evasion did nothing for two years - 1/2 novembre: Le journaliste Costas Vaxevanis qui a publié la liste de la banque HSBC a été acquitté - 2011/2012 UBS rogue trader scandal - 26 November: Britain's financial regulator fined UBS $47.6 million for system and control failings that allowed Kweku Adoboli to cause over $2 billion losses - 19 December: Swiss banking giant UBS has agreed to pay $1.5bn to US, UK and Swiss regulators for attempting to manipulate the Libor inter-bank lending rate
United Kingdom/Syria relations: United Kingdom/Syria relations
Syrians in the United Kingdom: Syrians in the United Kingdom
29/30 August 2013 British parliamentary vote rejecting military action against Assad regime over chemical weapons attacks: 29/30 August: After imploring the world not to stand idly by over Assad's use of chemical weapons, Cameron was forced into a climbdown by the Labour party, failing to pass a motion by 285 to 272 votes in the parliament - 30 August: The Syrian opposition voices regret at a British parliamentary vote rejecting military action against Assad regime over chemical weapons attacks - 5 September: British PM Cameron says that Britain has further evidence of the use of chemical weapons in Syria, which a British source says confirmed the use of sarin - 16 September: Britain welcomed Monday's UN report into last month's chemical weapons attack in Syria and said it was 'abundantly clear' from the findings that Bashar al-Assad's regime was to blame - 22 October: After the meeting of 'The Friends of Syria' group, British FM Hague said that 'Assad would play no role in that future government of Syria'
30 May 2015 chemical weapons still used in Syria, Britain’s Tobias Ellwood admits: 30 May 2015: Chemical weapons still used in Syria, Britain’s minister Tobias Ellwood admits
5 September 2015 Assad responsible for most human rights violations in Syria on a daily basis, British government says: 5 September 2015: Assad responsible for most human rights violations taking place in Syria on a daily basis, British government says
September/October 2016 Russian, Assad and Iranian regime blamed for carrying out massacres in Syria without strong European answer: 14 September 2016: Syrian Coalition's Alabdah calls on British MPs to support the protection of civilians in Syria and ending forced displacement, casting doubt about the willingness of Russian and regime forces to respect the ceasefire agreements - 25 September 2016: British authorities have confiscated the passport of Zaina Erhaim, an award-winning journalist and a prominent Syrian critic of dictator Assad, at the request of Assad's regime effectively preventing her from travelling and blocking her work as an activist in the United Kingdom - 28 September 2016: The British foreign ministry blames Russian, Assad and Iranian regime for carrying out massacres in Syria as Assad and Russian forces continue their heavy military campaign against Aleppo, bombarding residential areas from the air and claiming the lives of civilians - 8 October 2016: Where are the demonstrations in western capitals to denounce the brutal onslaught on Aleppo, The Guardian's Natalie Nougayrède asks - 16 October 2016: USA and UK consider tougher sanctions against Syrian Assad regime and allies in response to the continued bombardment of Aleppo, but fail to develop any consensus for tougher military options, including a no-bombing zone, as German chancellor Merkel is willing to countenance tougher EU sanctions, but having difficulty getting SPD support even for this measure
United Kingdom/Tunisia relations: United Kingdom/Tunisia relations
United Kingdom/Turkey relations: United Kingdom/Turkey relations
1807–1809 Anglo-Turkish War: Anglo-Turkish War 1807–1809
1914-1918 Middle-Eastern theatre of World War I and the United Kingdom: Middle-Eastern theatre of World War I and the United Kingdom
United Kingdom/Ukraine relations: United Kingdom/Ukraine relations
2014: 2 March 2014: UK will suspend its participation in preparations for a G8 meeting in Sochi after Russia violated Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity - 10 March: Details of western sanctions against Putin regime to be finalised in London, hoping to persuade the regime to withdraw its presence from Crimea - 17 March 2014: Britain condemns Crimea vote as a 'mockery' of democracy - 30 April 2014: UK and USA promise to track down billions of dollars of Ukrainian assets allegedly looted under the regime of deposed president Yanukovych - 18 June 2014: Financial intelligence finds abroad UAH 16 billion by Yanukovych and his entourage, identifying 42 companies registered in Cyprus, Panama, UK, Belize, the Seychelles - 17 July 2014 Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17 reportedly shot down - 18 July: Nine British passengers on board of flight MH17, the Security Service of Ukraine releases a recording of conversations of separatists discussing the downing of a Malaysia Airlines jet - 19 July: Experts from the UK will arrive in Kiev to assist a Ukrainian-led MH 17 investigation MH17 as pressure grows on Russia
United Kingdom/USA relations: United Kingdom/USA relations
1622–1924 'American Indian Wars' against indigenous peoples and forced migrations of Native Americans in the USA: 1622–1924 'American Indian Wars' against indigenous peoples, elimination of tribes and nations - Forced migrations of Native Americans in the USA - American Indian Genocide Museum in Houston, Texas, dedicated to documenting the atrocities committed against the American Indians, located in Texas since the state had gone further than any other state, running out all but a few tribes, or otherwise eliminating them
Since early 17th century slavery in the colonial United States: Slavery in the colonial United States since early 17th century - Slavery in the British Empire
United Kingdom/Vanuatu relations: United Kingdom/Vanuatu relations
United Kingdom/Venezuela relations: United Kingdom/Venezuela relations
1902–1903 Venezuelan crisis: Venezuelan crisis of 1902–1903
United Kingdom/Vietnam relations: United Kingdom/Vietnam relations
Since 1950s: After Britain was the first nation to employ the use of herbicides and defoliants to destroy bushes, trees, and vegetation to deprive insurgents of cover and targeting food crops as part of a starvation campaign in the early 1950s, the USA considered the British precedent in deciding that the use of defoliants was a legal tactic of warfare and Secretary of State Rusk advised President Kennedy that the British had established a precedent for warfare with herbicides in Malaya - Since 1961: 4 million of Vietnam's citizens were exposed to Agent Orange, and as many as 3 million have suffered illnesses because of it, these figures include the children of people who were exposed, and the Red Cross of Vietnam estimates that up to 1 million people are disabled or have health problems due to contaminated Agent Orange - Since 1961: Effects of Agent Orange on the Vietnamese people - 18 April 1985: Massive use of defoliants by the USA in Vietnam has left hundreds of sqare kilometres of land barren, without British research, development and willingness to cooperate with the USA it might never have happened
United Kingdom/Yemen relations: United Kingdom/Yemen relations
1869–1969 British Aden Protectorate: British Aden Protectorate 1869–1969
United Kingdom/Zimbabwe relations: United Kingdom/Zimbabwe relations
2015/2016: 12 September 2015: Jeremy Corbyn elected leader of the British Labour party with nearly 59.5% of first-preference votes, beating rivals Andy Burnham with 19%, Yvette Cooper with 17% and the 'Blairite' candidate Liz Kendall with 4.5%, saying that it is a huge mandate for a new democracy in the party - 29 April 2016: Facing intense criticism and calls to expel him from the UK Labour Party over his claims that Zionism was initially supported by Adolf Hitler, former London mayor Ken Livingstone doubled down on those statements, saying they were a 'truth' that isn’t taught 'in Israeli schools' - 29/30 April 2016: As Livingstone repeats his Hitler was a Zionist claim, panel will examine racism in UK’s main opposition party, consult with the UK Jewish community on combating it, but Corbyn reportedly facing an internal plot to oust him as Labour leader - 26 June 2016: Heidi Alexander first shadow minister to resign after Labour’s Hilary Benn sacked saying he had lost confidence in the leadership of Jeremy Corbyn - 1 July 2016: Israeli officials say the Labour Party has apologized to the Israeli ambassador after party leader Jeremy Corbyn seemed to compare Israel to the Islamic State terrorists
August 2018: 5 August 2018: Labour's Tom Watson urges under-fire leader Jeremy Corbyn to accept international anti-Semitism definition and to drop probes against MPs Hodges and Austin who have spoken out - 11 August 2018: Photos show Labour's Corbyn at tribute event for Palestine 'martyrs', including plotters behind 1972 slaughter of Israeli Olympic athletes - 12 August 2018: Home Secretary Sajid Javid suggests that Jeremy Corbyn should quit following controversy over his visit to a cemetery in Tunisia containing memorials to terrorists, tweeting a link to a story in the Daily Mail claiming the Labour leader had been photographed in 2014 holding a wreath near the graves of those responsible for the massacre of Israeli athletes at the 1972 Munich Olympics - 13 August 2018: Jeremy Corbyn has admitted attending a ceremony for the terrorists behind the Munich massacre, but denied laying a wreath himself - 14 August 2018: A year of denials - how Jeremy Corbyn changed his story over Munich terror tribute - 14 August 2018: Despite Corbyn's admission concerning Khalaf and Atef Bseiso the day before, Labour spokesman alleges that 'Jeremy did not take part in laying wreaths on their graves', saying the wreath the Labour leader was pictured holding was for victims of the 1985 air strike - 16 August 2018: New photo from Munich killers’ ceremony shows Corbyn beside PFLP terror group chief Maher al-Taher, that killed 5 people, including British-Israeli citizen Avraham Shmuel Goldberg, in terror attack at Jerusalem synagogue - 19 August 2018: A Jewish group affiliated with Britain’s Labour movement has accused the heads of the party of trying to censor material on anti-Semitism it had planned on presenting at a conference in September - 20 August 2018: Noting that 'their contribution was fascinating and electrifying' and lauding a decision to overturn a British order to deport Raed Salah convicted in Israel of incitement to violence, Labour head Corbyn sat on panel alongside Hamas terror leaders in 2012, attending Doha conference with terror chief Khaled Mashaal and newly released Hamas members Abdul Aziz Umar and Husam Badran, responsible for bombings killing dozens of Israelis, saying 'the return will only be viable through military and armed resistance and nothing else' - 21 August 2018: UK Labour leader Corbyn visited terror leaders during a 2010 trip to Israel and the West Bank, also breaking British parliamentary rules by failing to disclose that the trip was funded by a lobby group
February 2019: 'Independent Group', a grouping of former British Labour politicians who left the party on 18 February 2019 in protest over Brexit and anti-Semitism, expressing support for a social market economy, freedom of press, environmentalism, and devolution and localism - 18 February 2019: Seven MPs from Britain’s opposition Labour Party (Luciana Berger, Chuka Umunna, Chris Leslie, Angela Smith, Mike Gapes, Gavin Shuker and Anne Coffey) announced they were breaking away in protest of the party’s failure to stamp out anti-Semitism and its support for Brexit, forming an independent group - 19 February 2019: Joan Ryan has become the eighth Labour MP to resign and join the breakaway Independent Group, claiming Corbyn’s party has become 'infected with the scourge of anti-Jewish racism'
December 2019 Labour begins move to replace Corbyn: 16 December 2019: UK Labour begins move to replace failed Corbyn
United Kingdom government and budget: Government of the United Kingdom
Taxation in the United Kingdom: Taxation in the United Kingdom
Elections, referendums and politics in the UK: Elections in the UK - Referendums in the United Kingdom
2010 United Kingdom general election: United Kingdom general election May 2010
2015 and second Cameron ministry: Second Cameron ministry following the 7 May 2015 general election in Britain - 13 May 2015: UK's interior minister May criticises the EU's approach to stemming the flow of migrants crossing the Mediterranean into Europe, saying that by not sending economic migrants back, the bloc was encouraging them to travel - 10 June 2015: British lawmakers overwhelmingly support Cameron's plan for referendum on EU membership by the end of 2017 - 14 June: UK under pressure to respond to latest Edward Snowden claims - 16 June: Journalist Greenwald denies claim that Snowden files breached - 1 August 2015: Speaking with the backing of the church, the bishop of Dover accuses senior political figures including PM Cameron of forgetting their humanity in the ongoing migrant crisis - 25 August: Illegal migrants found working in Britain will face jail and have their earnings seized under new measures announced by the government
16 June 2016 MP Jo Cox died after being shot, stabbed by neo-fascist Thomas Alexander Mair and Nigel Farage’s later attack on Jo Cox’s widower: 16 June 2016, British Labour Party MP Jo Cox died after being shot and stabbed multiple times in West Yorkshire by neo-fascist and Brexit promoter Thomas Alexander Mair with links to British and USA nationalist and white-supremacy groups including the neo-fascist National Front, the USA-based neo-Nazi organization National Vanguard and the English Defence League - 17 June: Nazi regalia discovered at house of Jo Cox killing suspect, also known to have bought books from a USA-based neo-Nazi group, including guides on how to build homemade guns and explosives, as vigils held across the UK - 18 June: In court, accused killer Mair of UK MP Jo Cox gives his name as 'Death to traitors, freedom for Britain' - 21 December 2016: Nigel Farage’s attack on Jo Cox’s widower is a new low - 21 December 2016: Farage faces legal action over comments about murdered MP's husband
Since June 2016 Brexit crisis: UK's withdrawal from the EU and Brexit crisis - 25 June 2016: UK faces Brexit crisis after Europe’s leaders demand 'Get out now’ - 26 June 2016: The backlash against Brexit has strengthened with more than 2.5 million people signed a parliamentary petition calling for a second EU referendum - 27 June: British government tries to calm markets as Labour dispute continues - 28 June 2016: Britain’s 850,000 Polish citizens face backlash after Brexit vote - 28 June 2016: EU's Juncker says UK must clarify position on Brexit as soon as possible - 29 June: 27 EU leaders meet without Britain for first time, as Scotland's first minister to hold talks in Brussels and as Labour and the Conservatives confused what their futures look like - 30 June: Brexit debate continues as leadership elections in Britain’s main parties get under way - 1 July: Britain’s main parties' debate continues - 4 July 2016: Brexit chaos continues as government faces pre-emptive legal action over Brexit decision, and another plotter, Ukip leader Farage, resigns saying 'I want my life back' - 4 July 2016: A series of 'unity events' are being held outside rail and tube stations in London to show support for people affected by the increase in racist and xenophobic abuse since the Brexit EU referendum - 5 July 2016: Tory MPs begin voting to choose new leader resp. PM, Labour debate continues, and UK central bank prepares stability moves - 6 July 2016: After Brexit referendum, EU citizens in Britain feel uncertain about their future - 12 July 2016: Theresa May to become new and Britain’s second female PM after her sole remaining challenger Andrea Leadsom withdrew from the leadership race - 14 July 2016: International reaction to the appointment of Boris Johnson as British foreign secretary has been overwhelmingly negative
October 2016: 11 October 2016: Western forces must be willing to confront Russian air power defensively over the skies of Syria to enforce a no-fly zone and protect the citizens of eastern Aleppo from a bombardment akin to the attack on Guernica during the Spanish civil war, UK MPs will be told by former cabinet minister Andrew Mitchell in an emergency three-hour Commons debate, called by the All-Party Parliamentary Group for Friends of Syria - 11 October 2016: As British MPs debate the war in Syria and possible ways to end the bloodshed, in contrast to other European parliaments like the German that not by hazard never discussed Assad's war against the Syrian people since 2011, the medics and rescue teams of east Aleppo are going about their grim daily task of picking through rubble left by airstrikes and patching up survivors - 13 October 2016: Nicola Sturgeon is to welcome 3,000 delegates to the SNP conference in Glasgow with a commitment to seek common cause with Westminster opposition parties and moderate Conservatives in order to defeat hard Brexit
May 2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom: 23 May 2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom
10 November 2019 UK's parties announce policies for veterans on Remembrance Sunday: 10 November 2019: UK's parties announce policies for veterans on Remembrance Sunday
Social movements and protests in the UK: Protests in the United Kingdom
Protests against the War in Afghanistan (2001–present): Protests against the War in Afghanistan (2001–present)
2003 protests against War in Iraq: February 2003 protests against War in Iraq
2008 National Union of Teachers strike: 2008 National Union of Teachers strike
2009 G-20 London summit protests: 2009 G-20 London summit protests
Death of Ian Tomlinson 1 April 2009: Death of Ian Tomlinson 1 April 2009
16 June 2013: Thousands of protesters were due on the streets of Belfast Saturday to urge G8 leaders to act on global poverty at their upcoming summit, expected to be dominated by talks on Syria
2015: 14 January: Thousands of London bus drivers held a one-day strike over pay and conditions - 28 February: Thousands protest in Newcastle against a march held by the British branch of Germany's anti-Islam group PEGIDA which drew up to 400 people - 20 June: Thousands have marched in London in protest against the government's austerity measures and plans for public spending cuts affecting vulnerable groups, with demonstrations also in Glasgow, Liverpool and Bristol - 12 September: Tens of thousands of people march in support of refugees across the UK as the EU prepares for its latest bruising battle over how to handle the crisis caused by the flood of Syrians fleeing Assad's war - 5 October: Tens of thousands of protesters marched through Manchester as Conservative Party opened its annual conference, after the TUC called the protest with the slogan 'No to austerity, yes to workers' rights'
2016: 27 February 2016: Thousands of protesters have assembled for Britain’s biggest anti-nuclear weapons rally in a generation in central London - 16 April 2016: A national demonstration against government cuts in London attracted about 150,000 people, demanding for decent health, homes, jobs and education in the march and rally organised by the 'People's Assembly' - 2 July 2016: Tens of thousands of people marched Saturday in London to demonstrate their opposition to Britain’s vote to leave the European Union, which has plunged government and political parties into turmoil and left the country deeply polarized - 30 juillet 2016: Des milliers d'Ecossais sont descendus dans la rue en réclamant un nouveau référendum d'indépendance suite au Brexit - 8 August 2016: 5-day strike disrupts London commuter trains against plans compromising jobs and safety
January 2017: 21 January 2017 Women's March in cities around the world, including Belfast, Bristol, Cardiff, Edinburgh, Lancaster, Leeds, Liverpool, London and Manchester, to promote women's rights and to address racial inequities, workers' issues, and environmental issues - 26 January 2017: UK's PM Theresa May accused of 'grovelling' after praising Trump for renewing America - 31 January 2017: Despite a petition gaining more than 1.5 million signatures and protesters rallying across the country, and despite the premier’s office saying she does not agree with Trump's controversial ban on refugees and citizens of seven mainly Muslim countries, British PM May refuses to back down on inviting USA's Trump for an early summer state visit, which would see Trump honoured by parliament and the queen
March 2017: 4 mars 2017: Plusieurs milliers de personnes ont manifesté samedi à Londres pour défendre le système de santé publique britannique NHS, en proie à une crise inédite, et mettre en garde contre une nouvelle cure d'austérité - 18 March 2017: As many as 30,000 people have joined a march against racism in London during which campaigners voiced their opposition to the wave of populism they say elected Donald Trump, saw Britain vote to leave the EU and fuelled the rise of far-right politics around Europe - 25 March 2017: Thousands march in London to 'unite for Europe', demonstrating against Britain’s departure from the EU - 29 March 2017: Police officers, Muslim youths and hundreds of others linked hands Wednesday on Westminster Bridge to honor the four people who died in a terrorist attack that started on the span a week earlier
8 December 2019 Westminster antisemitism protest: 8 December 2019: Thousands attend Westminster antisemitism protest
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in the UK: British society - Social history of the United Kingdom
History of the Jews in the United Kingdom: History of the Jews in the United Kingdom - Jews and Judaism in the United Kingdom
2018: 22 June 2018: West London Synagogue rabbi Julia Neuberger said this week that the best way to defeat Labour’s anti-Semitism problem is to stop them winning power, and members of the community shouldn’t remain in the party - 22 June 2018: Rabba Dina Brawer is ordained as UK’s first Orthodox female rabbi, saying 'this is an incredibly important time to be a rabbi, the world is in flux, society is broken, and we are surrounded by a cynical, post-truth, culture' - 17 August 2018: UK Jewish leader Jonathan Goldstein calls Corbyn premiership an ‘existential threat’ to community - 18 August 2018: Pro-Israel British lawyer Mark Lewis and his partner to move to Israel, citing growing acceptability of Jew hatred under Corbyn's Labour Party, saying he had been increasingly subjected to hate speech and threats for being Jewish
2014-2016 International and European refugee and migrant crisis: 2014-2016 International and European refugee and migrant crisis
Culture and languages in the UK: Culture of the United Kingdom
Languages of British Overseas Territories: Languages of British Overseas Territories
Music in the United Kingdom: Music in the United Kingdom - British music history
Libraries in the United Kingdom: Libraries in the United Kingdom
Health in the United Kingdom: Health in the United Kingdom
Hospitals in the United Kingdom: Hospitals in the United Kingdom
Medical education in the United Kingdom: Medical education in the United Kingdom
Freedom of the press in the United Kingdom: Freedom of the press in the United Kingdom
British journalists: British journalists
Internet in the United Kingdom: Internet in the United Kingdom
Religion in the UK: Religion in the UK
Football media in the United Kingdom: Football media in the United Kingdom
Football hooliganism in the United Kingdom: Football hooliganism in the United Kingdom
'Formula One Group', 'Concorde Agreement' and Bernie Ecclestone: Since 1987 'Formula One Group', responsible for the exploitation of FIA Formula One World Championship's commercial rights, run by Bernie Ecclestone since gaining control of the commercial rights and owned ultimately by Delta Topco, a Jersey–based company owned primarily by investment companies CVC Capital Partners, Waddell & Reed, and LBI Group, with the remaining ownership split between Bernie Ecclestone, other investment companies and company directors - Since 1981 'Concorde Agreement' between the FIA, the Formula One teams and the Formula One Group which dictates the terms by which the teams compete in races and how the TV revenues and prize money is divided and to increase the commercial success of Formula One - British chief executive of the 'Formula One Group' Bernie Ecclestone
Crime in the United Kingdom: Crime in the United Kingdom
Murder in the United Kingdom: Murder in the United Kingdom
2005 London bombings: 7 July 2005 London bombings
June 2017 London attacks: 3 June 2017 London attacks - 4 June 2017: Police shoot dead three suspects after rampage kills seven and injures 48 people in London, general election campaigning suspended - 5 June 2017: Isis claims responsibility for attacks and police carry out fresh raids in east London, as Theresa May urged not to suppress report into funding of jihadi groups, thought to focus on Saudi Arabia, a major buyer of British weapons - 6 June 2017: Khuram Shazad Butt, named Monday as one of the three London attackers, was known to Britain’s MI5 intelligence service and even featured in a documentary entitled 'The Jihadis Next Door' which aired last year, as London mayor Khan urges police to explain why they didn't act on attackers - 7 June 2017: Body of eigth victim of London attacks, French national Xavier Thomas, recovered from Thames
November/December 2019 London Bridge stabbing: 29 November 2019 London Bridge stabbing - 30 November 2019: British police on Friday shot dead a man wearing a fake suicide vest who stabbed two people to death on London Bridge and wounded three more before being wrestled to the ground by bystanders, in what the authorities called a terrorist attack, as police named the attacker as Al-Muhajiroun supporter Usman Khan, who had been previously convicted of terrorism offences in 2012 and released from prison last year amid 'Brexit' troubles - 30 November 2019: London Bridge: attacker had been jailed for al-Qaida inspired bomb plot - 1 December 2019: Tributes have flooded in for Jack Merritt, named as the first victim in the London Bridge attack, with his father describing him as a 'beautiful spirit' and 'champion for underdogs everywhere'
Russia and organised crime on the territory of the United Kingdom: Organised crime in the United Kingdom - Gangs in the United Kingdom
November 2006 poisoning of Alexander Litvinenko in London: November 2006 poisoning of Alexander Litvinenko in London using polonium-210
June/July 2018 Amesbury poisonings of two British nationals: 30 June 2018 Amesbury poisonings of two British nationals, who were hospitalised in a critical condition and were poisoned by Novichok nerve agent of the same kind used in the poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal in the city of Salisbury, 7 miles away - 5 July 2018: For the second time in four months, two people lie critically ill in England’s Salisbury District Hospital after being exposed to Russian military-grade nerve agent 'Novichok' - 10 July 2018: Nerve agent poisoning inquiry spreads to Swindon as car seized and as UK's Gavin Williamson told the Commons that 'the simple reality is that Russia has committed an attack on British soil which has seen the death of a British citizen', 'that is something that I think the world will unite with us in actually condemning' - 11 July 2018: 'Novichok' victim Charlie Rowley in hospital out of critical condition and speaking to police, as police say they cannot be certain there is no nerve agent still out there in Salisbury, and as novichok death shocks Salisbury's homeless - 13/14 July 2018: Bottle containing murderous nerve agent found at Charlie Rowley's home in Amesbury, as scientists, following tests, have now confirmed that the substance contained within the bottle is 'Novichok' - 14 July 2018: Following the recovery of a small bottle linked to the murder of Dawn Sturgess and the poisoning of Charlie Rowley, searches are expected to continue for several weeks, if not months, as officers try to identify potential sites and sources of contamination - 16 juillet 2018: Le Novitchok, l'agent innervant qui a empoisonné un couple de Britanniques à Amesbury, dans le sud de l'Angleterre, était contenu dans une bouteille de parfum, a affirmé le frère d'une victime, Matthew Rowley - 18 July 2018: Police investigating the Wiltshire nerve agent poisonings that left one woman dead and four seriously ill are searching a city centre park in Salisbury - 19 July 2018: UK investigators believe they have identified the perpetrators behind the Novichok nerve agent attack on the Skripals, suspecting several Russians were involved and looking for more than one suspect, according to Press Association - 20 July 2018: Novichok victim Charlie Rowley released from hospital, remaining under police protection while detectives continue to investigate exactly how he and Dawn Sturgess came into contact with the murderous nerve agent - 24 July 2018: Charlie Rowley, who was poisoned with the nerve agent novichok, has claimed the substance that killed his girlfriend and left him critically ill came in a perfume bottle that was sealed and wrapped up, leading the leader of Wiltshire council to repeat the warning that people should not pick up items - 27 July 2018: 'There’s been an assassination attempt and someone has died. This is not a game', Salisbury MP John Glen says in an interview, wanting that people visit the city as Putin is lauded for hosting the World Cup and invited to Washington while swathes of Salisbury remain cordoned off, adding 'I’m just desperately concerned for this city. I want it to get back on its feet'
13/14 September 2018: 13 September 2018: The explanation by the two Russian suspects in the 'novichok' poisonings for their presence in Salisbury in March – a sightseeing holiday diverted by snow – is so implausible that it raises intriguing questions about why Russian Putin regime chose this alibi and what it says about the health of the state’s propaganda machine, as British officials say they know the men’s real names and PM’s official spokesman says that the interview and the Russian lies 'are deeply offensive to the victims and loved ones of this horrific attack' - 14 September 2018: Story of Russian novichok attack suspects draws scorn and anger in cathedral city, as the bishop of Salisbury Nicholas Holtham, asked if there was CCTV of their visit to the cathedral, said there was nothing to link them to the building, undermining their story
Racism and antisemitism in the United Kingdom: Racism in the United Kingdom
2014/2015: 31 July 2014: Anti-Semitic incidents in Britain reportedly have risen to a near record level since the start of an Israeli operation against Hamas in Gaza this month - 23 January 2015: Hate crimes against Jews in London more than doubled last year, Scotland Yard says - 5 February 2015: A record number of 1,168 anti-Semitic hate incidents were reported in Britain over 2014, fueled by the conflict in Israel and Gaza, the Community Security Trust says - 5 March 2015: Students and staff at the School of Oriental and African Studies – one of the UK’s top universities – voted, in a week of balloting, to boycott contacts with all Israeli academic institutions - 19 April 2015: Holocaust deniers and Nazi sympathizers from the UK, Spain, Canada and the USA gather in secret London conference
Abuses and violations of the laws of war committed by British forces and police brutality in the United Kingdom: List of cases of police brutality in the United Kingdom - Abuses and violations of the laws and customs of war committed by British forces during the Iraq War since 2003
2003: Baha Mousa beaten do death 2003 by British soldiers, the 'Duke of Lancaster's Regiment' - Convicted war criminal Donald Payne 2007 jailed for one year by UK court martial - the other criminals not sentenced - Timeline: Iraqi abuse trial 2006-2008 - Video July 2009: British soldiers in action - Baha Mousa inquiry leading to death - NZZ 4. September 2011: Nach Ausnahmegenehmigung durch Londoner Polizei für eine Kundgebung der rechtsextremen 'English Defence League' wie zu erwarten Zusammenstöße - 8 September 2011 UK-inquiry into the death of Baha Mousa: The 'United Kingdom' is a nation that calls a murder 'a breach of discipline', in its illegal war - 8 September 2011: Daoud Mousa talks about pain of losing his son Baha - 22 November 2011: Over 100 Iraqi civilians win legal bid for torture inquiry against British soldiers
4 August 2011 Death of Mark Duggan: Death of Mark Duggan 4 August 2011 - 2011 England riots (Wikipedia) - 7 August 2011: Riots in north London over police shooting of Mark Duggan - NZZ 9. August: Polizei hat Mark Duggan am 4. August nicht in Notwehr getötet - 8 August: Violence extends into third day and spreads to other parts of London - 9 August: Further riots in London as violence spreads across England - 9 August: Police swell ranks to prevent a fourth night of rioting and senseless violence - 10 août: Quatrième nuit consécutive d'émeutes, les violences éclatent à Manchester et autres villes - 10 August: While trying to protect their community three Pakistani men killed by car on Wednesday in riot-hit Birmingham - NZZ 11. August: Ruhigere fünfte Nacht in britischen Städten - Sondersitzung des Unterhauses heute - Mahnwache in Birmingham - 12 August: IPCC admits on Friday after more killed people and great destructions it 'may have misled journalists' over Mark Duggan's death and the police shooting - 13 August: Wednesday Birmingham looting: Two men charged with the murder of three Pakistani - 18 August: Funerals for crash death men in Birmingham - up to 20.000 people gathered - 9 September: Hundreds of mourners gathered for the funeral of Mark Duggan, the father-of-four shot by police in Tottenham - 10 October 2011: UK in 'breach' of UN child rights pact - 11 January 2014: About 200 people gathered outside Tottenham Police Station to take part in a vigil for Mark Duggan after a jury said that he was lawfully killed by police in August 2011
Human trafficking in the United Kingdom: Human trafficking in the United Kingdom
Tax avoidance in the United Kingdom: Tax avoidance in the United Kingdom
Political scandals in the United Kingdom: Political scandals in the United Kingdom
Mass surveillance in the United Kingdom: Mass surveillance in the United Kingdom
2011-2014 News International phone hacking scandal: News International phone hacking scandal (2011 - ongoing)
July 2011: 7. Juli 2011: Britischer Medien- und Abhörskandal weitet sich zur Politaffäre aus - 7 July 2011: News of the World to close amid hacking scandal - 10. Juli 2011: Abhörskandal - letzte Ausgabe von 'News of the World' erschienen - 11 July 2011: The culture secretary seeks new advice concerning BSkyB-takeover amid phone hacking scandal - 11. Juli 2011: Kriminelle Informationsbeschaffung offenbar auch durch die 'Sunday Times' - 13 July 2011: Conservatives join Labour and Liberals in urging Murdoch to withdraw bid for BSkyB - 13 July: News Corporation withdraws bid for BSkyB - 15. Juli 2011: Britischer Abhörskandal - Murdoch's Vertraute Brooks gibt auf - und Murdoch? - 18 July: R. Brooks arrested by hacking police 17 July - 18 July: Met Police Commissioner Stephenson quits 17 July amid phone-hacking and corruption scandal - 18. Juli 2011: Polizeichef Stephenson tritt zurück - gestrauchelt im Korruptionsgestrüpp der Abhöraffäre - 20 July 2011: Murdoch's company 'blocked' hacking probe - 20 July: PM Cameron's 'regret' over hiring Coulson - 26. Juli: Verfilzung von Politik und Murdoch-Konzern - Häufige Treffen mit Ministern etc. - Start der Enthüllungsseite www.murdochleaks.org - 28 July: The mother of murder victim Sarah Payne 'on phone hack list' - 29 July: Press Complaints Commission head Peta Buscombe 'stepping down'
1955-2014 BBC presenters sexual abuse scandals: BBC TV presenter Jimmy Savile sexual abuse scandal - 10 October 2012: BBC's Jimmy Savile may have abused up to 25 girls some as young as 13 over four decades, police says - 10 October: British TV star Savile's gravestone removed by his own familiy - 12 October: The BBC denies cover-up of Jimmy Savile scandal but decided in December not to broadcast an investigation into the charges - 19 October: Police investigating sexual abuse by BBC presenter Savile launches a criminal inquiry, saying more than 200 potential victims had come forward - 23 October: British PM accuses the BBC of changing its story about Savile scandal - 25 October: 300 potential BBC entertainment and Jimmy Savile abuse victims, police says - 12 December: BBC-Savile is suspect in 199 crimes - 20 December: An official report strongly criticised the BBC's handling of allegations of child sex abuse against late presenter Jimmy Savile - 11 January 2013: UK police report 50 years of BBC's Savile committing more than 200 sexual crimes, including 34 rapes and victims as young as eight years old, between 1955 and 2009 - 14 February 2013: Lawyers for 31 alleged victims of sex abuse by TV presenter Jimmy Savile said they have launched legal action against the star's estate and the BBC
Disasters in the United Kingdom: Disasters in the United Kingdom
Fires and building and structure fires in the United Kingdom: Fires in the United Kingdom - Building and structure fires in the United Kingdom
July 2009 Lakanal House tower block fire: July 2009 Lakanal House tower block fire
June 2017 Grenfell Tower fire and aftermath: 14 June 2017 Grenfell Tower fire - 14 June 2017: A massive fire ripped through a 24-story apartment block in west London, killing several people and injuring over 50 more after residents were left trapped inside, at least 200 firefighters and 40 engines at Grenfell Tower in Latimer Road - 24 June 2017: Hundreds of residents of a housing estate in north London told to immediately leave their homes and evacuated overnight after fire inspectors warned that five tower blocks were at risk following the Grenfell Tower blaze - 27 June 2017: USA's 'Arconic' says it will no longer sell Reynobond PE cladding material, believed to be a key factor in deadly Grenfell Tower blaze, as building regulations prohibit the use of the material during initial construction, used during renovations to cut cost
Judiciary of Scotland: Judiciary of Scotland
Chelmsford Crown Court: Chelmsford Crown Court
Chelmsford Crown Court
Since 1875 Court of Appeal of England and Wales: Since 1875 Court of Appeal of England and Wales
Since 1875 High Court of Justice: Since 1875 High Court of Justice
Environment of the United Kingdom: Environment of the United Kingdom - Environment by country
Natural disasters in the United Kingdom: List of natural disasters in Britain and Ireland
2007 United Kingdom floods: 2007 United Kingdom floods
2009 Great Britain and Ireland floods: 2009 Great Britain and Ireland floods
Heat waves in the United Kingdom: Heat waves in the United Kingdom
June 2017 United Kingdom heat wave: June 2017 United Kingdom heat wave
June-July 2018 United Kingdomb heat wave: June-July 2018 United Kingdom and Ireland heat wave
Drought in the United Kingdom: Drought in the United Kingdom
1955 United Kingdom heat wave and drought: 1955 United Kingdom heat wave and drought
Wildfires in the United Kingdom: Wildfires in the United Kingdom
June-July 2018 United Kingdom wildfires: June-July 2018 United Kingdom wildfires


Vatican City - Geography of Vatican City - History of Vatican city - Demographics of Vatican city - Economy of Vatican City - Church tax
'Holy See': 'Holy See' - 'Heiliger Stuhl' (Papst als Völkerrechtssubjekt) - Politics of Vatican City
1869–1870 First Vatican Council and doctrine of papal infallibility: 1869-1870 First Vatican Council - doctrine of papal infallibility
2013 Pope Francis I: Carnival Monday 11 February 2013: Pope Benedict XVI to resign on February 28 - Pope Francis I since 13 March 2013 - 13 March: Argentinian cardinal Bergoglio - first Latin American and first Jesuit - elected leader of the catholic church to be known as pope Francis I - 14 March: Papal election stirs Argentina's 'dirty war' past - cardinal Bergoglio failed to confront the 1976-1983 military junta while it was kidnapping and killing thousands of people - 15 March: Argentinian Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo say Jorge Mario Bergoglio, now Pope Francis, had not done enough to help victims of rights abuses during military dictatorship - 19 March 2013: Pope Francis inaugurated with a simplified rite signalling that he wants a church whose first priority is the poor and disadvantaged
Economic history of the Holy See: Economic history of the Holy See
Media in Vatican City: Media in Vatican City
Newspapers and broadcasting in Vatican City: Newspapers published in Vatican City - Radio in Vatican City - TV in Vatican City
Media coverage of Catholic sex abuse cases: Media coverage of Catholic sex abuse cases
Catholic sexual abuse cases worldwide and in its origin Europe: Roman Catholic sex abuse cases by country - Catholic sexual abuse cases in Europe
Catholic sex abuse cases in the United States of America - 22 June 2012: High-ranking USA Catholic priest convicted of sex abuse cover-up - 21 July 2012: Dozens of Catholic churches and schools are being shut down across the US as the church defends itself against accusations of sexual abuse - 1 February 2013: Los Angeles church issues thousands of documents related to sex abuse by priests, acknowledging a 'shameful' cover-up - 2 February 2013: A US Catholic cardinal stripped of his duties said he had not known how to handle child sex abuse claims as he did not learn about it in school - 11 March 2013: As large majorities feel the Pope and US bishops have done a poor job in dealing with sexual abusers in the clergy, the 38-year-old married Adrian Ramirez in Los Angeles spoke to TV about the sexual abuse that blighted his childhood and affected his adult life - 21 January 2014: Victims' attorneys say documents show the Archdiocese of Chicago concealed child sexual abuse by priests for decades, including moving priests to new parishes where they molested children again
Holy See-Vatican/Argentina relations: Holy See-Vatican/Argentina relations
Church–state relations in Argentina: Catholic Church in Argentina - Church–state relations in Argentina
Holy See-Vatican/Bolivia relations: Holy See-Vatican/Bolivia relations
Holy See-Vatican/Canada relations: Holy See-Vatican/Canada relations
2017/2018: 29 May 2017: Trudeau asks Pope Francis to apologise to indigenous people for church's abuses, inviting pontiff to travel to Canada to say sorry, after starting in the late 19th century about 30% of children of Canada’s native peoples, or about 150,000 children, were placed in what were known as 'residential schools' in a government attempt to strip them of their traditional cultures and ancestral languages - 30 March 2018: Survivors of Canada’s residential schools have expressed dismay after Pope Francis refused to apologize on behalf of the Catholic church for a system that abused thousands of indigenous children for generations, as schools, many of which were run by missionaries, were used to convert indigenous children to Christianity through a governmental policy of 'aggressive assimilation' until the last one closed in 1996
Holy See-Vatican/Chile relations: Holy See-Vatican/Chile relations
Holy See-Vatican/Germany relations: Holy See-Vatican/Germany relations
1933 'Reichskonkordat' between the Holy See and Nazi Germany: 'Reichskonkordat' 1933 between the Holy See and Nazi Germany
Holy See-Vatican/Iran relations: Holy See-Vatican/Iran relations
Holy See-Vatican/Israel relations: Holy See-Vatican/Israel relations
63 BC Siege of Jerusalem and 6 CE–135 Judea province of the Roman empire: Siege of Jerusalem (63 BC) - Siege of Jerusalem (37 BC) - Judea, province of the Roman empire 6 CE–135
Christianity and antisemitism, persecution of Jews in Europe and Germany, the Holocaust during World War II: Persecution of Jews - Anti-Judaism - Christianity and antisemitism - History of the Jews in Germany - Holocaust during World War II
May 1948 Israeli Declaration of Independence: 14 May 1948 Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel
Holy See–Vatican/Italy relations: Holy See–Vatican/Italy relations
Holy See-Vatican/Middle East relations: Holy See-Vatican/Middle East relations
Since 1926 'Catholic Near East Welfare Association': Since 1926 'Catholic Near East Welfare Association'
Since 2014/2015 International and European refugee and migrant crisis: 2014/2015 International and European refugee and migrant crisis - Refugees of the Syrian Civil War
Holy See-Vatican/Morocco relations:
Holy See-Vatican/Nigeria relations: Catholic Church in Nigeria
Holy See-Vatican/Philippines relations: Holy See-Vatican/Philippines relations
Holy See-Vatican/Russia relations: Holy See-Vatican/Russia relations
Holy See–Vatican/South Africa relations: Holy See–Vatican/South Africa relations
Catholic Church in South Africa: Catholic Church in South Africa
Holy See–Vatican/Spain relations: Holy See–Vatican/Spain relations
History of Catholicism in Spain: History of Catholicism in Spain
1936-1975 dictator Franco and the Vatican: 1936-1975 dictator Franco and the Vatican
1941 Convention with the Vatican: Francisco Franco's 1941 Convention with the Vatican
1953 Concordat concluded by Spain's dictator Francisco Franco with the Vatican: 1953 Concordat concluded by Spain's dictator Francisco Franco with the Vatican
Holy See-Vatican/Syria relations: Holy See-Vatican/Syria relations
Since 2014/2015 International and European refugee and migrant crisis: 2014/2015 International and European refugee and migrant crisis - Refugees of the Assad's war against the Syrian people
Holy See-Vatican/Ukraine relations: Holy See-Vatican/Ukraine relations
Holy See-Vatican/United Kingdom relations: Holy See-Vatican/United Kingdom relations
Holy See-Vatican/United Nations relations: Holy See and the United Nations - Legal status of the Holy See
Holy See-Vatican/USA relations: Holy See/USA relations


Yugoslav Wars Jugoslawienkriege - Breakup of Yugoslavia Internationale Konflikte der Nachfolgestaaten Jugoslawiens
Accession of Bosnia and Herzegovina to the European Union: Accession of Bosnia and Herzegovina to the European Union
Kosovo - 2 July 2011: Serbia and Kosovo sign deals resolving travels problems etc. - NZZ 27. Juli: Kosovarisch-serbischer Grenzkonflikt fordert Todesopfer - kosovarischer Polizist nach Gewalt gestorben - NZZ 27. Juli: Umstrittene Grenzübergänge - Vorwürfe in Serbien an USA und EU - NZZ 28. Juli: Kfor übernimmt Grenzübergang Jarinje - Zwischenfall Thema im UN-Sicherheitsrat - Keine Lösung des Grenzkonflikts - Spannungen im Sicherheitsrat angekommen: Rußland stützt Serbien - 30 July: Serbian parliament calls for negotiations over violent border dispute with Kosovo - 5 August: Kosovo PM Thaci announces deal with Nato on border posts - Kfor to control checkpoints - NZZ 2. September: Einigung von Kosovo und Serbien auf EU-Kompromißvorschlag - wieder Handelsbeziehungen - 19 October 2012: The prime ministers of Serbia and its breakaway territory of Kosovo have met for the first time at talks brokered by the EU in Brussels - 31 octobre: Hillary Clinton et Catherine Ashton vont exhorter le Kosovo à dialoguer avec la Serbie - 19 April 2013: In a move favorable for talks on EU membership, Serbia and Kosovo’s prime ministers agreed to an agreement to settle their relations
Serbia - Serbian parliamentary election 6 May 2012 - 6 May 2012: Serbians will vote on Sunday in presidential, parliamentary and local elections - 7 mai: Boris Tadic et le nationaliste Nikolic au second tour - 20 May: Serbia votes today - 21 May: Tomislav Nikolic (50.21% of the vote) beats Boris Tadic (46.77%) in Serbia run-off - 10. Juli: Einigung von SPS, SNS und URS auf Koalitionsabkommen, Regierungschef soll am 23. Juli der sozialistische Parteichef Ivica Dacic werden - 27 July: Milosevic’s former spokesman Ivica Dacic became Serbia’s new Prime Minister promising to promote reconciliation in the Balkans - NZZ 3. August 2012: Funktionär aus Milosevic-Ära wird Geheimdienstchef - Accession of Serbia to the European Union - 28 June 2013: EU leaders agree to open accession talks with Serbia, whose EU bid was long delayed by a dispute over its breakaway region of Kosovo
Slovenia - Slovenian parliamentary election 4 December 2011 - 4 December: Centre-left party 'Positive Slovenia' heads for surprise win





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