Asia



Asia - Geography of Asia - Regions of Asia - Central Asia - East Asia - Southeast Asia - South Asia - Western Asia

Economy of Asia: The Economy of Asia comprises more than 4.4 billion people in 2016 (60% of the world population) living in 49 different states - List of Asian countries by GDP - Agriculture in Asia by country - Labor in Asia by country - Rural society in Asia
Economic history of Asia: Economic history of Asia and by country
1997 Asian financial crisis: 1997 Asian financial crisis
2007–2008 world food price crisis: 2007–2008 world food price crisis
Since 2008 worldwide 'Great Recession' in Asia: While beginning in the USA, the Great Recession since 2008 spread to Asia rapidly and has affected much of the region
Since 2019/2020 socio-economic impact of Chinese coronavirus pandemic on Asia: Socio-economic impact of the 2019–20 Chinese coronavirus pandemic on Asia
20 March 2020 travel restrictions threaten Asian migrant labourers: 20 March 2020: Travel restrictions aimed at slowing the spread of Chinese coronavirus, which has infected more than 245,000 people globally and killed more than 10,000, threaten to leave millions of South Asian migrant labourers without work
28 September 2021 growth forecasts downgraded for most countries in East Asia and the Pacific region as economies slowed on the back of Delta: 28 September 2021: East Asia and the Pacific region’s recovery has been undermined by the spread of the covid-19 Delta variant, which is likely slowing economic growth and increasing inequality in the region, as economic activity began to slow in the second quarter of 2021, and growth forecasts have been downgraded for most countries in the region, according to the World Bank’s Economic Update

Labor and labor relations in Asia by country: Labor in Asia by country - Labor relations in Asia - Trade unions in Asia by country

Poverty in Asia by country: Poverty in Asia by country - Social class in Asia - Rural society in Asia
Social issues in Asia: Social issues in Asia by country

History of Central Asia
Economy of Central Asia: Economy of Central Asia - Energy in Central Asia - Natural gas fields in Central Asia - Central Asia–Center gas pipeline system - Oil fields of Central Asia
Agriculture in Central Asia: Agriculture in Central Asia, the five Central Asian countries are highly agrarian, with 60% of the population living in rural areas and agriculture accounting for over 45% of total number of employed and nearly 25% of GDP on average
Demographics of Central Asia: Demographics of Central Asia
Environment of Central Asia: Geology of Central Asia - Natural history of Central Asia - Climate of Central Asia
Landforms and ecoregions of Central Asia: Landforms of Central Asia - Ecoregions of Asia - Mountains of Central Asia - Deserts of Central Asia
Water in Central Asia: Water in Asia - Rivers of Asia by country - Central Asian Internal Drainage Basin
Aral Sea: Aral Sea, formerly one of the four largest lakes in the world but shrinking since the 1960s, was an endorheic lake (one with no outflow) lying between Kazakhstan in the north and Uzbekistan in the south, as the Aral Sea drainage basin encompasses Uzbekistan and parts of Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan and Iran
Caspian Sea: The Caspian Sea, the largest enclosed inland body of water on Earth by area, and an endorheic basin (a basin without outflows) located between Europe and Asia, bounded by Kazakhstan to the northeast, Russia to the northwest, Azerbaijan to the west, Iran to the south, and Turkmenistan to the southeast
August 2018: 12 août 2018: Cinq pays bordant la mer Caspienne ont signé dimanche au Kazakhstan une convention définissant le statut légal de cette mer d'Asie qui recèle d'importants gisements d'hydrocarbures

History of East Asia
Economy of East Asia: Economy of East Asia
Environment of East Asia: Environment of East Asia - Natural history of East Asia
East Asian monsoon and rainy season: East Asian monsoon carries moist air from the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean to East Asia, affecting approximately one-third of the global population, influencing the climate of Japan (including Okinawa), the Koreas, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, the Philippines, Indochina, and much of mainland China - East Asian rainy season

History of Southeast Asia
Geography of Southeast Asia: Geogrphy of Southeast Asia
Economy of Southeast Asia: Economy of Southeast Asia
Crime in Southeast Asia: Crime in Southeast Asia
30 August 2023 gangs forcing hundreds of thousands of people into cybercrime in south-east Asia, says UN: 30 August 2023: Hundreds of thousands of people have been trafficked and forced to work for online scamming operations in south-east Asia run by criminal gangs, according to a UN report. Billions of dollars are being generated each year by gangs who coerce victims into cybercrime, where they are subject to threats, torture and sometimes sexual violence. The UN estimated about 120,000 victims are in Myanmar and 100,000 in Cambodia, while tens of thousands more people are being forced to work in Laos, the Philippines and Thailand.
Environment of Southeast Asia: Environment of Southeast Asia

History of South Asia
Economy of South Asia: Economy of South Asia
Environment, climate and water of South Asia: Natural history of Asia - Geology of the Himalaya - Climate of South Asia - Water in Asia
Himalayas: Himalayas mountain range in Asia, separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau - Ecoregions of the Himalayas - Ecology of the Himalayas
Glaciers of the Himalayas: Glaciers of the Himalayas
February 2019 melting due to climate change: 4 February 2019: At least a third of the huge ice fields in Asia’s towering mountain chain are doomed to melt due to climate change, according to a landmark new report, with serious consequences for almost 2 billion people, as even radical climate change action won’t save glaciers
June 2019 melting of Himalayan glaciers: 19 June 2019: The melting of Himalayan glaciers has doubled since the turn of the century, with more than a quarter of all ice lost over the last four decades, scientists have revealed, saying the losses indicate a devastating future for the region, upon which a billion people depend for regular water
February 2021 Chamoli disaster and Uttarakhand flood: February 2021 Uttarakhand flood in the environs of the Nanda Devi National Park in the outer Garhwal Himalayas in Uttarakhand state, believed to have been caused by a landslide, an avalanche or a glacial lake outburst flood, causing flooding in the Chamoli district, most notably in the Rishiganga river, the Dhauliganga river, and in turn the Alaknanda, the major headstream of the Ganges - 10 June 2021: A massive rock and ice avalanche caused the 2021 disaster at Chamoli, Indian Himalaya, causing widespread devastation and severely damaging two hydropower projects, as over 200 people were killed or are missing
10 January 2024 Bhutan Mountain Man - video diaries from a lone glaciologist: 10 January 2024: Bhutan’s glacier specialist Phuntsho Tshering - and the only person authorised to climb the Himalayan country’s sacred mountains -, spends months away from home measuring the rapidly melting glaciers, while faithfully recording videos on his phone, 'The Guardian' reports
Hazards and general safety of mountaineering and outdoor 'recreation' in dangerous regions: Hazards and general safety of mountaineering and outdoor 'recreation' in dangerous regions
List of deaths on eight-thousanders: List of deaths on eight-thousanders - List of people who died climbing Mount Everest


Monsoon of South Asia and floods: Monsoon of South Asia
2017 South Asian floods: 2017 South Asian floods
Effects of global warming on South Asia: Effects of global warming on South Asia
November 2019 global heating 'supercharging' Indian Ocean: 19 November 2019: Global heating is 'supercharging' an increasingly dangerous climate mechanism in the Indian Ocean that has played a role in disasters this year, also including bushfires in Australia and floods in Africa
July 2020 millions of children affected by devastating floods in South Asia amid covid-19: 23 July 2020: Millions of children affected by devastating flooding in South Asia, with many more at risk as covid-19 brings further challenges
Since March 2022 heat wave in India and Pakistan: La canicule de 2022 en Inde et au Pakistan, une vague de chaleur extrême se déroulant depuis le mois de mars 2022, caractérisée par sa précocité, sa durée exceptionnelle et ses températures anormalement élevées, dépassant régulièrement les 40°C. La barre symbolique des 50°C est même dépassée dans certaines régions, la ville de Jacobabad enregistre ainsi une température de 51°C le 14 mai, ce qui est alors la température la plus élevée au monde en 2022. Cette vague de chaleur tue au moins 25 personnes en Inde et 65 au Pakistan. Elle a un impact important sur la qualité de vie des populations, créant des coupures d'électricité, des pénuries d'eau, des incendies et impactant la biodiversité. Les récoltes désastreuses poussent en outre l'Inde, deuxième exportateur mondial de blé, à suspendre ses exportations pour assurer sa sécurité alimentaire, une décision qui, dans le contexte de la guerre en Ukraine, fait craindre une crise alimentaire mondiale.


Heat waves and droughts in Asia: Heat waves in Asia - Droughts in Asia
July-August 2018 heat wave in large areas of Northeast Asia: July-August 2018 record-breaking heat wave affected large areas of Northeast Asia including Japan, North Korea, South Korea, China. Many areas in Japan experienced temperatures in excess of 35°C, and Kumagaya recorded a maximum temperature of 40.8°C on 23 July – the highest ever observed in the country.
Since June 2022 heatwave and drought in China: Die Hitzewelle in China 2022 ist eine Hitzewelle die seit Juni 2022 in China anhält. Die Hitzwelle ist laut China Meteorological Administration die schlimmste Hitzewelle seit Wetteraufzeichnung. Betroffen sind mehrere Regionen in China. Im August wurden mehrere Hitzerekorde im ganzen Land gebrochen
Summer 2022 drought in China: 22 August 2022: China's Yangtze, the world’s third largest river, dries up in drought, as the record-breaking 2022 drought has caused rivers to dry up, affecting hydropower, halting shipping and forcing major companies to suspend operations, 'The Guardian' reports
Since April 2023 record-breaking heat wave in many Asian countries: Since April 2023 record-breaking heat wave in many Asian countries, including India, Bangladesh, China, Vietnam, Laos and Thailand. Several regional temperature records have been set. - 9 May 2023: Vietnam has reported a record-high temperature of 44.1°C, as weather experts and authorities told the population to remain indoors during the hottest parts of the day. Scientists have said global warming is aggravating adverse weather. Neighbouring countries registered record temperatures during a heatwave in Asia since April 2023.
Droughts, dust storms and water management in China: Droughts in China
2010 China drought and dust storms affecting many provinces and neighbouring countries: 2010 China drought and dust storms, a series of severe droughts during the spring of 2010 that affected Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Sichuan, Shanxi, Henan, Shaanxi, Chongqing, Hebei and Gansu in the country as well as parts of Southeast Asia including Vietnam and Thailand, including dust storms in March and April that affected much of East Asia. The drought has been referred to as the worst in a century in southwestern China.
2010–2011 China drought and water management: 2010–2011 China drought began in late 2010 and impacted eight provinces in the northern part of the country, the worst drought to hit the country since 60 years, and especially affecting most of wheat-producing regions in the PRC. Farmers affected by the drought criticized the government for not doing enough to support the agriculture industry during the drought, or for giving aid too late. Others blamed the restrictions on using water from certain sources, intended to go to industrial or residential developments, for increasing the effects of the drought on their crops.


Eastern and South-eastern Asia: Eastern and South-eastern Asia, including China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, South and North Korea, Japan, and Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Timor-Leste and Viet Nam
Asia's changing climate, in Eastern and South-eastern Asia: Asia's changing climate, in Eastern and South-eastern Asia
Since 31 August 2024 Super typhoon Yagi: Since 31 August 2024 Super typhoon Yagi, known in the Philippines as Severe Tropical Storm Enteng, is a powerful, currently active tropical cyclone impacting Northern Vietnam after affecting Hainan in early September 2024. Yagi, which means goat or the constellation of Capricornus in Japanese, is the eleventh named storm and the first violent typhoon of the annual typhoon season. Yagi was one of the most intense typhoons ever to strike northern Vietnam. It also became the strongest typhoon to strike Hainan during the meteorological autumn, and is also the strongest one since Rammasun in 2014. Additionally, it is one of the four Category 5 super typhoons recorded in the South China Sea, alongside Pamela in 1954, Rammasun in 2014 and Rai in 2021
7 September 2024 Super Typhoon Yagi hits S-East Asia and China’s Hainan, killing several people and forcing millions to leave their homes: 7 September 2024: Super Typhoon Yagi hits South-East Asia and China’s Hainan, killing several people and affecting millions and forcing hundreds of thousands to leave their homes


Droughts in India: Droughts in India
2013 drought in Maharashtra: 2013 drought in Maharashtra
Drought in Pakistan: Drought in Pakistan has become a frequent phenomenon in the country. According to a report issued by the Economic Survey of Pakistan, the drought is one of the factors responsible for poor growth performance. Balochistan especially the western and central parts of the province remain in the grip of drought almost all year round.
2021 Central Asia drought:
2021 Central Asia drought: 2021 Central Asia drought

History of Western Asia
Economy of Western Asia (Middle East): Economy of Western Asia (Middle East)
Environment of Western Asia by subject and country: Environment of Western Asia by subject and country - Natural history of Western Asia
Water in Western Asia by country: Water in Western Asia by country


Asian society: Asian society - Asian society by country - Social issues in Asia - Labor relations in Asia - Rural society in Asia - Rural development in Asia

Since 15th century European imperialism in Asia - European colonisation in Asia - Direct and indirect consequences of colonialism and colonization - USA overseas expansion and territorial acquisitions in Oceania and Asia - List of territories occupied by Imperial Japan since late 19th century - History of slavery in Asia, still existing today
Decolonization of Asia was the gradual growth of independence movements in Asia, leading ultimately to the retreat of foreign powers and the creation of a number of nation-states in the region - Asian colonies from the 19th century to the end of World War II, list showing the colonial powers following the end of World War II in 1945, their colonial or administrative possessions, date of decolonization and timeline by country
Demographics of Asia by country - List of Asian countries by population - Ethnic groups in Asia

Human rights, modern conflicts and social movements in Asia: Human rights in Asia by region and subject - Modern conflicts in Asia - Social class in Asia - Racism in Asia - Discrimination in Asia by country - Censorship in Asia - Corruption in Asia by country
Violence in Asia by country - Terrorism in Asia by country
Women's rights in Asia by country - Gender in Asia by country - Children's rights and childhood in Asia by country - Youth and youth rights in Asia by country
Freedom of expression in Asia by country - Freedom of speech in Asia by country
Social movements in Asia: Social movements in Asia
25 October 2020 fighting tyranny with milk tea young rebels joining forces in Asia: 25 October 2020: The language, the demands and the backdrop were different, but the protests across central Bangkok last week would have looked familiar to anyone who followed the mass demonstrations that roiled Hong Kong for a year from June 2019, as many young protesters dressed in black and wearing hard hats poured through the streets to locations announced at the last minute on social media, and as in recent months an unexpected solidarity has developed between young protesters and activists across Thailand, Taiwan and Hong Kong, at first online but increasingly now in protests on the streets, in law courts and in the corridors of power, against governments with a ruthless track record of crushing dissent

Education in Asia: Education in Asia - Education in Asia by country - History of education in Asia by country
Schools in Asia: Schools in Asia - Schools in Asia by country - Lists of schools in Asia by country
Universities and colleges in Asia: Universities and colleges in Asia - Universities and colleges in Asia by country - Lists of universities and colleges in Asia
Archaeological sites in Asia by country: Archaeological sites in Asia by country
17 January 2021 archaeologists reportedly find oldest picture globally known in Indonesia: 17 January 2021: The artists painting the Sulawesi cave wall over 45,500 years ago may have been depicting a whole social interaction between warty pigs, making painting found in a cave in Indonesia the earliest known figurative cave art in the world, archaeologists reported, as the whole area has been discovered to abound with prehistoric art in caves and rock shelters, as figurative art tells story of a hunt in Indonesia 44,000 years ago
8 April 2021 new explanation for Paleolithic cave art in the pitch-black depths of cave systems: 8 April 2021: As some of the most beautiful Paleolithic cave art is in the pitch-black depths of cave systems, some in places almost impossible to reach, let alone appreciate the art, now a paper published by Tel Aviv University's scientists with independent researcher Gil Kedar suggests an explanation, saying that the Paleolithic artisans were motivated by the transformative nature of the subterranean, oxygen-depleted space where they could communicate with nonhuman entities inhabiting the underworld, and making the drawings not for the tribe to see, but for keeping and maintaining their relationships with the cosmos

Health in Asia: Health in Asia - Health in Asia by country
Health disasters in Asia and by country: Health disasters in Asia and by country
1855-1960 third plague pandemic: Since 1855 third plague pandemic was a major bubonic plague pandemic that began in Yunnan, China in 1855 during the fifth year of the Xianfeng Emperor of the Qing dynasty, as this episode of bubonic plague spread to all inhabited continents, and ultimately led to more than 12 million deaths in India and China, with about 10 million killed in India alone, and as, according to the World Health Organization WHO, the pandemic was considered active until 1960, when worldwide casualties dropped to 200 per year
Since 20th century public health problems in the Aral Sea region: Since 20th century public health problems in the Aral Sea region, after irrigation projects diverted water from the Aral Sea, beginning to dry up and leaving behind salts, other minerals, and toxins in the soil, not only contaminating the soil but also followed by winds and storms, affecting the local climate, travelling to other areas, including over crop lands, and leading to increased health problems like respiratory diseases and cancers, among others
2009 flu pandemic in Asia: 2009 flu pandemic in Asia, part of an epidemic of a new strain of influenza causing what has been commonly called swine flu, afflicted at least 394,133 people in Asia with 2,137 confirmed deaths, including 1,035 deaths confirmed in India, 737 deaths in China, 415 deaths in Turkey, 192 deaths in Thailand, and 170 deaths in South Korea, as among the Asian countries, South Korea had the most confirmed cases, followed by China, Hong Kong, and Thailand
2020 covid-19 pandemic outbreak in Asia coming from Wuhan: 2020 covid-19 coronavirus outbreak in Asia, first documented in Wuhan, China, in 2019
Since January 2020 international socio-economic impact of Chinese coronavirus outbreak: Since January 2020 international socio-economic impact of the 2019 Chinese coronavirus outbreak, by continent and country
11 March 2020 expanding clusters of the Chinese coronavirus worldwide were eyed warily as the outbreak upended daily life in Italy: 11 March 2020: Expanding clusters of the new coronavirus were eyed warily as the outbreak upended daily life in Italy and reshaped everything from the USA presidential race to Polish schools, Japanese Fukushima disaster anniversary, British interest rate's and politicians' future, Pope Francis’ travel, Russian Putin's, Syrian Assad's, and Iranian Ali Khamenei's wars
19 March 2020 Iran's coronavirus death toll rises to 1,284: 19 March 2020: Iran's Chinese coronavirus death toll rises to 1,284, as in the Mullah ruled country every 10 minutes one person dies from the coronavirus, says health official
20 March 2020 travel restrictions threaten Asian migrant labourers: 20 March 2020: Travel restrictions aimed at slowing the spread of Chinese coronavirus, which has infected more than 245,000 people globally and killed more than 10,000, threaten to leave millions of South Asian migrant labourers without work
21 March 2020 coronavirus threat spreading: 21 March 2020: Singapore reports first two fatalities, as deaths jump in Spain and Italy, as South Korea raises concerns over ‘imported cases', and as coronavirus cases climb across Asia Pacific
23 March 2020 Philippines isolates hundreds of health workers as coronavirus cases rise in south-east Asia: 23 March 2020: Philippines isolates hundreds of health workers as coronavirus cases rise in south-east Asia
Healthcare and hospitals in Asia: Healthcare and hospitals in Asia - Hospitals in Asia by country - Lists of hospitals in Asia by country - Medical and health organizations based in Asia - Medical and health organizations based in Asia by country


Environment of Asia by country - Natural history of Asia by subject, region and country - Climate of Asia - Climate of Asia by subject and country
Ecoregions of Asia by country
Environmental issues in China, in India, in Indonesia, in Iran, in Japan, in Malaysia, in Pakistan, in Thailand, in Vietnam
Air pollution in China, Asian Dust, a meteorological phenomenon which affects much of East Asia year round but especially during the spring months - Air pollution in Hong Kong - Air pollution in India is estimated to kill 1.5 million people every year, it is the fifth largest killer in India and the country has the world's highest death rate from chronic respiratory diseases and asthma, according to the WHO, Indian Ocean brown cloud or Asian brown cloud is a layer of air pollution that recurrently covers parts of South Asia, namely the northern Indian Ocean, India, and Pakistan, created by a range of airborne particles and pollutants from combustion (e.g., woodfires, cars, and factories), biomass burning and industrial processes with incomplete burning, The air quality in Delhi, the capital of India, according to a WHO survey of 1600 world cities, is the worst of any major city in the world - Air pollution in Indonesia, Since 1972 Southeast Asian haze, a fire-related large-scale air pollution, causing adverse health and economic impact on Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and to a lesser degree, the Philippines and Thailand, 2016 Southeast Asian haze - Air pollution in Malaysia - Air pollution in Taiwan
Deforestation in Asia - Forestry in Asia by country
Water supply and sanitation by country - Water pollution by country
Waste by country - Electronic waste in Asia

Natural disasters in Asia by country
Earthquakes in Asia by region and country
Tropical cyclones in Asia by country
Pacific typhoon seasons: Pacific typhoon seasons - Lists of Pacific typhoon seasons since the Middle Ages
November 2020 typhoon Vamco: November 2020 typhoon Vamco, the twenty-second named storm and tenth typhoon of the 2020 Pacific typhoon season - 13 November 2020: Typhoon Vamco hits the Philippines, killing several people and unleashing some of the worst flooding in years in the Philippines’ capital city of Manila
South-West Indian Ocean cyclone seasons: South-West Indian Ocean cyclone seasons
North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons: North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons
Floods in Asia by country
2011 Southeast Asian floods: 2011 Southeast Asian floods
2013 Southeast Asian floods: 2013 Southeast Asian floods
2018 Southeast Asian floods: 2 août 2018: Les fortes pluies qui s'abattent actuellement sur les pays du bassin du Mékong menacent des milliers d'habitations
July 2019 South Asia floods: July 2019 South Asia floods, as monsoonal downpours caused widespread flooding and landslides across Bangladesh, China, India, and Nepal
July 2020 millions of children affected by devastating floods in South Asia amid covid-19: 23 July 2020: Millions of children affected by devastating flooding in South Asia, with many more at risk as covid-19 brings further challenges
19 July 2021 over 30 people died in Mumbai as changing monsoon patterns due to climate change lead to more extreme rains across India: 19 July 2021: More than 30 people have died in the Indian city of Mumbai after an intense burst of rainfall caused a landslide and wall collapse, as changing monsoon patterns due to climate change lead to more extreme rains across India, as heavy rainfall, described by meteorologists as 'monstrous', hammered down on India’s financial capital over the weekend causing mass devastation
11 August 2021 several dead, dozens trapped after landslide in India’s Himalayas: 11 August 2021: Several dead, dozens trapped after landslide in India’s Himalayas, as more than 200 personnel are working to find survivors after boulders tumbled onto a major highway, Indian officials say
20 October 2021 at least 150 dead in flooding and landslides in India and Nepal: 20 October 2021: At least 150 dead in flooding and landslides in India and Nepal, as Himalayan state of Uttarakhand suffers heaviest rain in more than 100 years, with Nepal also badly affected
22 August 2022 many died in Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jharkhand due to floods, landslides: 22 August 2022: Heavy monsoon rains continue to affect northern and eastern India over the past 3 days, triggering landslides, causing rivers to overflow, as severe weather-related incidents and severe floods resulted in casualties and widespread damage. According to media reports, at least 50 people died in Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Jharkhand States due to floods and landslides. At least 13 were reported missing. In addition, across the eastern State of Odisha, at least six people died and 800,000 were displaced following ongoing torrential rains, as on 22-23 August moderate to heavy rain with localised thunderstorms is forecasted over most parts of northern, central-northern, eastern and western India
Effects of global warming on South Asia - Monsoon of South Asia - Monsoon
Heat waves in Asia
Droughts in Asia
Since 18th century: Since 18th century droughts in India and Pakistan
2010: 2010 China drought and dust storms
2010–2011: 2010–2011 China drought
2013: 2013 drought in Maharashtra
2015: 2015 drought in Korea
2016–2017: 2016–2017 Drought in Tamil Nadu
Weather events in Asia by country
2009–2010: Winter storms of 2009–2010 in East Asia


Trade unions in Asia by country - List of federations of trade unions in Asia - ITUC Regional Organisation for Asia and Pacific is a regional organisation of the International Trade Union Confederation representing trade unions from countries in Asia and Oceania, having 40 affiliated organisations in 28 countries - South Asian Regional Trade Union Council

International organizations of Asia
Since 1967/2008 ASEAN: Since 1967/2008 Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN, a regional intergovernmental organisation comprising ten Southeast Asian states promoting intergovernmental cooperation and facilitating economic, political, military, educational and cultural integration amongst its members and Asian states - List of cities in ASEAN by population - ASEAN–China Free Trade Area - ASEAN–India Free Trade Area
ASEAN–European Union relations, dating back to 1972: ASEAN–European Union relations, dating back to 1972
Since 2007-2013 EU-ASEAN development cooperation: Since 2007-2013 EU-ASEAN development cooperation, ongoing in 6-years periods, as the EU is the biggest donor to the ASEAN
Since 2009/2012 ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights: 2009/2012 - the Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN established the ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights to promote human rights in the ten ASEAN countries
Since 2013 ASEAN parliamentarians for human rights: ASEAN Parliamentarians for Human Rights since June 2013, founded with the objective of promoting democracy and human rights in all ASEAN states
Since 2018 Southeast Asian and UN's demands to bring Myanmar's military to justice and before ICC: 24 August 2018: More than 130 lawmakers from across Southeast Asia today demanded the international community bring officials in Myanmar to justice and before International Criminal Court for atrocity crimes committed against the Rohingya population of Rakhine State - 24 August 2018: APHR board member and Indonesian MP Eva Kusuma Sundari says it is time that Asean countries 'set aside their destructive non-interference policy and take genuine action', adding 'we cannot allow these atrocities to take place in one of our member countries with complete impunity' - 27 August 2018: A UN report, based on a fact-finding mission, has accused Myanmar’s military of genocide against the Rohingya, and alleged that the army was responsible for war crimes and crimes against humanity against minorities across the country
Since 1989 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC: Since 1989 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC forum for 21 Pacific Rim member economies, that promotes free trade throughout the Asia-Pacific region, in response to the growing interdependence of Asia-Pacific economies and the advent of regional trade blocs in other parts of the world
November 2017 anti-corruption efforts: APEC Vietnam 2017, the year-long hosting of Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation meetings in Vietnam, which will culminate with the APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting in Ðà Nang 11/12 November 2017 - 19 August 2017: APEC anti-corruption authorities and law-enforcement agencies vow to strengthen corruption fight
Since 1994 Partnerships in Environmental Management for the Seas of East Asia PEMSEA: Since 1994 Partnerships in Environmental Management for the Seas of East Asia PEMSEA, a regional partnership programme implemented by the United Nations Development Programme UNDP and executed by the United Nations Office for Project Services UNOPS
Since 2005 APEC Climate Center: Since 2005 APEC Climate Center, governmental institution that conducts research in climate prediction, analysis and climate change application areas - APEC Climate Symposiums by year since 2006
Since 2016: Since 2016 Asia Council to serve as a continent wide forum to address Asia’s key challenges and foster cooperation among countries of Asia




Afghanistan - Geography of Afghanistan - Provinces of Afghanistan - Demography of Afghanistan
History of Afghanistan - Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan - Invasions of Afghanistan - Islamic conquest of Afghanistan - First Anglo-Afghan War 1839-1842 - Second Anglo-Afghan War 1878-1880 - Third Anglo-Afghan War 1919 - Saur Revolution April 1978 - Soviet war in Afghanistan 1979-1989 - Civil war in Afghanistan 1989–1992 and collapse of the Najibullah government - Civil war in Afghanistan 1992–1996 leads to the Taliban controlling most of Afghanistan - Taliban and Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan 1996-2001 - USA cruise missile strikes on Afghanistan August 1998 - Civil war in Afghanistan 1996–2001 Taliban period - War in Afghanistan 2001–present - USA, UK and ISAF invasion following the 2001 September 11 attacks
Economy of Afghanistan: Economy of Afghanistan - main industries include natural gas, coal, copper, cement, furniture, shoes, fertilizer, apparel, food-products, non-alcoholic beverages, mineral water, small-scale production of textiles, handwoven carpets, soap - in 2008 about 35% of Afghan population was unemployed, 36% lived below the national poverty line and suffered from shortages of housing, clean drinking water, and electricity - List of companies of Afghanistan - Companies of Afghanistan by industry
Mining in Afghanistan: Mining in Afghanistan - List of mines in Afghanistan - Balkhab Copper Mine - Shaida Copper Mine - Mes Aynak mine
Coal mining in Afghanistan: Coal mining
2013 coal mining accidents: 15 September 2013: Afghanistan's coal miners endure some of the most dangerous and primitive conditions in the world - 15 September 2013: At least 27 miners were killed and 20 others injured in a coal mine collapse at the state-controlled Abkhorak mine in Ro-e-Dohab district
Gold mining in Afghanistan: Gold mining in Afghanistan
5 March 2021 at least 14 people killed in gold mining accident: 5 mars 2021: Au moins 14 personnes sont mortes jeudi, quand une avalanche a enseveli la mine d’or du nord-est de l’Afghanistan, auprès des autorités provinciales
Energy in Afghanistan: Energy in Afghanistan, primarily provided by hydropower. as approximately 84.1% of Afghanistan's population has access to electricity, but some rural areas may not get 24-hour electricity
Renewable energy in Afghanistan: Renewable energy in Afghanistan - Hydropower in Afghanistan
Dams and reservoirs in Afghanistan: List of dams and reservoirs in Afghanistan
Agriculture in Afghanistan: Agriculture in Afghanistan, represents 20% of the GDP - crops include wheat and other cereals, vegetables and fruits, especially pomegranates, apricots, grapes, melons, mulberries, nuts, livestock - Women in agriculture in Afghanistan - Agriculture companies of Afghanistan
Almond production in Afghanistan: Almond production in Afghanistan
Pomegranate production in Afghanistan: Pomegranate production in Afghanistan
Water in Afghanistan: Water in Afghanistan - Bodies of water of Afghanistan - Rivers of Afghanistan - List of rivers of Afghanistan - List of dams and reservoirs in Afghanistan
Irrigation and water supply in Afghanistan: Irrigation in Afghanistan - Water supply in Afghanistan
2018 escalating water crisis: 11 July 2018: As Afghanistan’s water crisis escalates, more effective water governance could bolster regional stability - 10 October 2018: UN stated that water scarcity is a rising cause for displacement in Afghanistan, saying that the groundwater level has declined by 1.4 mm between 2004-2012, and that 22 of Afghanistan’s 34 provinces are facing drought today, as there are 1.5 million Afghans, approximately 4% of the population, that are displaced and 448,000 were added in 2017 alone
July 2019 climate change significant obstacle for farmers: 10 July 2019: Climate change is a significant obstacle for farmers in the least developed countries like Afghanistan and adaptation support is exceptionally scarce
Opium production in Afghanistan and Taliban: Opium production in Afghanistan and Taliban - Illegal drug trade in Afghanistan
Since 1994 Taliban rule and rising opium crop: Since 1994 and during the 1994-2001 Taliban rule, Afghanistan saw a bumper opium crop of 4,500 metric tons in 1999
2013 opium cultivation record high: 13 November 2013: Afghan opium cultivation has hit a record high, the UN says, and the expansion of poppy to 209,000 hectares will embarrass aid donors after more than 10 years of efforts against illicit economy
2016 rising opium cultivation: 23 octobre 2016: La culture d'opium en Afghanistan, premier producteur d'héroïne au monde, a atteint cette année son 3e niveau de production le plus élevé depuis 20 ans, selon l'ONU, qui estime que la surface cultivée a augmenté d'environ 10% par rapport à 2015
January 2018 heroin trade and USA-UK failure: 9 January 2018: The heroin trade explains the USA-UK failure in Afghanistan, as after 16 years and $1tn spent, there is no end to the fighting, but western intervention has resulted in Afghanistan becoming the world’s first true narco-state
April 2019: 25 April 2019: How the USA military's opium war in Afghanistan was lost
Forestry and deforestation in Afganistan: Forestry and deforestation in Afganistan
Transport in Afghanistan: Transport in Afghanistan - Public transport in Afghanistan
Rail transport in Afghanistan: Rail transport in Afghanistan
Road transport in Afghanistan: Road transport in Afghanistan - Road infrastructure in Afghanistan - Roads in Afghanistan - Bus transport in Afghanistan
Water transport in Afghanistan: Water transport in Afghanistan
Aviation in Afghanistan: Aviation in Afghanistan - Airports in Afghanistan - List of airports in Afghanistan
Tourism in Afghanistan: Tourism in Afghanistan - Visitor attractions in Afghanistan - List of protected areas and national parks of Afghanistan - List of museums in Afghanistan
Foreign trade of Afghanistan: Foreign trade of Afghanistan - Afghanistan Accession to World Trade Organization
Exports of Afghanistan: List of exports of Afghanistan
2014/2015 negative trade balance of $5.65B: In 2014 the GDP of Afghanistan was $20B, and Afghanistan exported $770M and imported $6.42B, resulting in a negative trade balance of $5.65B, as the top export destinations of Afghanistan are Pakistan ($373M), India ($242M), China ($21.3M), Iran and Turkey and the top import origins are Pakistan ($2.2B), China ($709M), Iran ($450M), India and Russia
Banking in Afghanistan: Banks of Afghanistan - Afghanistan Bank is the central bank of Afghanistan - Afghanistan International Bank - New Kabul Bank - First Microfinance Bank
2012 US$5 billion illegally transferred abroad: 28 November 2012: Independent Joint Anti-Corruption Monitoring and Evaluation Committee published its report declaring that US$5 billion, including $400 million the Kabul Bank’s shareholders, were illegally transferred abroad
Economic history and business cycles in Afghanistan: Economic history of Afghanistan
2011/2012 economic crisis: 9. September 2011: Nach jahrzehntelangen Kriegszerstörungen steht Afghanistan vor wirtschaftlichem Kollaps
July 2012 poorly managed infrastructure projects: 30 July 2012: Hundreds of millions of USA taxpayer dollars may have been wasted on poorly managed infrastructure projects in Afghanistan, a report to USA Congress says
18 August 2021 Taliban face financial crisis: 18 August 2021: Taliban face financial crisis without access to foreign reserves, as USA freezes Afghan reserves and Germany halts aid, and as the new rulers may find they are far short of what is required to govern
Poverty and rural poverty in Afghanistan: Poverty in Afghanistan - with 36% of its population living below the poverty line, poverty in Afghanistan is most heavily concentrated in the rural areas, 90% of urban households have access to electricity, only 29% of rural households do, additionally, 58% of urban households have access to safe water, but only 19% of rural homes do
2010 9 million Afghans in absolute poverty: 31 March 2010: 9 million Afghans or 36% of the population 'are believed to live in absolute poverty and a further 37 percent live only slightly above the poverty line' despite about $35 billion of outside aid sent to the country between 2002 and 2009, and poverty actually kills more Afghans than those who die as a direct result of the armed conflict, according to UN report
2015: 1 October 2015: Economic growth during the pre-transition period of 2007-2008 to 2011-2012 in Afghanistan did not reduce poverty and contributed instead to widening inequality in the country, to reduce poverty, Afghanistan must focus on strengthening agriculture, investing in human development and managing and mitigating risks that increase poor people's vulnerability, according to World Bank
2017: 8 février 2017: Un demi-million d'Afghans ont été déracinés par la guerre dans leur propre pays
Afghan Armed Forces: Afghan Armed Forces - Military history of Afghanistan
2014: 5 April 2014: More than 350,000 Afghan troops have been put on duty to thwart attacks on polling stations and voters in presidential election - 9 April: Afghanistan surprises with smooth and calm elections
Taxation in Afghanistan: Taxation in Afghanistan
21st century development of the fiscal situation in Afghanistan: The development of the fiscal situation in Afghanistan during 21st century, as since the beginning of the 21st century, governmental revenues have aggregately increased. One of the reasons for this improvement is/was a more efficient tax system
2018 national budget and its allocation: The national budget and its allocation of 2018, as the national budget for 2018 consisted of AFN 327 billion and represented a 17% decrease from that of the previous year. The most money was spent on is security, accounting for 41% of the national budget. 13% goes to education, 11% to infrastructure, 9% to agriculture and rural development, 7% to governance, 7% to social security, 5% to contingency codes, 4% to health and 2% to economic governance
Politics of Afghanistan: Politics of Afghanistan - Constitution of Afghanistan - Afghan Supreme Court
Political parties in Afghanistan: Political parties in Afghanistan
Politics and elections in Afghanistan: Politics and elections in Afghanistan
2009/2010 Afghan presidential and parliamentary election: 2009 Afghan presidential election - Afghan parliamentary election September 2010 - Fraud allegations
August-October 2012: 4 August 2012: Afghan parliament votes to sack key ministers - security lapses and allegations of corruption - 5 August 2012: Karzai 'accepts' dismissal of key ministers - 7 August: Afghan defence minister to step down - 13 August: Afghan officials met with jailed Taliban leader in Pakistan - 31 October 2012: Next Afghan presidential election set for April 2014 - 31 octobre 2012: Les talibans pourront se présenter à la présidentielle de 2014, selon le chef de la commission électorale afghane Manawi
September/October 2013: 16 September 2013: The independent election commission of Afghanistan began the candidate registration process for 2014 presidential election - 15 October 2013: Votes sell for about $5 in Afghanistan as presidential race begins
Feburary-April 2014: 2 February 2014: Two campaign team members murdered at start of democratic process to find successor to Hamid Karzai - 4 April 2014: Afghans fear violence ahead of historic election but analysts expect a heavy turnout despite fears because voters actually feel like they have a choice after more than 12 years of war and lack of progress
April 2014 Afghan presidential election: Afghan presidential election 5 April 2014 - 6 April: Relief in Afghanistan after largely peaceful landmark election and a massive turnout, including in some of the most dangerous areas of the country, of seven million out of 12 million eligible voters or about 58% - 13 April: First results show Ghani and Abdullah on course for runoff vote in Afghanistan polls - 24 April: Run-off in Afghanistan polls likely - 6 June: Presidential election candidate Abdullah walks free from armoured car hit by two suicide bombs which killed six others, including bodyguards
June 2014 Afghan presidential run-off election: 15 June: Despite a number of deadly militant attacks during the run-off election, more than seven million Afghans voted (a turnout of 60%) and a third of those who voted were women, Election Commission says - 18 June: Afghan presidential election thrown into question as Abdullah disputes vote counting - 23 June 2014: Chief election officer Ziaulhaq Amarkhil stands down after vote-rigging claims
July-August 2014: 9 July 2014: Despite preliminary results that put him behind Ashraf Ghani, Abdullah claims victory in Afghanistan's disputed election - 11 July: Karzai backs UN plan to check votes for fraud - 20 July: Afghan presidential vote audit halted over which ballots to throw out - 8 August: Afghanistan's presidential rivals reached a political agreement that would outline the terms of a power-sharing deal - 21 September 2014: Ashraf Ghani has been officially declared the new president of Afghanistan, Abdullah Abdullah will become chief executive in a power-sharing deal to end months of political gridlock
September/October 2014 president Ashraf Ghani inaugurated: 29 September 2014: Incoming Afghan president Ashraf Ghani inaugurated following a long election campaign - 1 October: President Ashraf Ghani reopened an inquiry into the 2010 theft of almost $1 billion from Kabul Bank triggering a financial crisis, fulfilling a campaign promise to make fighting corruption a priority
December 2014 intensified Taliban attacks: 1 December: Facing intensified Taliban attacks, Afghan president Ashraf Ghani plans to fire senior civilian and military leaders in the country’s most volatile provinces
April/May 2017 Taliban attack on a military base: 24 April 2017: Afghan president Ashraf Ghani has accepted the resignations of his defence minister and army chief of staff, after more than 140 soldiers were killed last week in the deadliest Taliban attack on a military base - 19 May 2017: Afghanistan’s vice-president Abdul Rashid Dostum has not faced justice over allegations of kidnapping and torture, despite government’s promises, and now has left the country after a six-month standoff and flew to Turkey
June 2017 Kabul attack: 3 June 2017 Kabul attack - 3 June 2017: At least seven people have been killed and more than 119 wounded in three separate explosions at a high-profile funeral in Kabul for Salem Izidyar, the son of the senate deputy speaker and one of several protesters killed by Afghan police on Friday at a large demonstration calling for the resignation of the government, after the large truck bomb killed nearly 100 people on Wednesday
June 2017 Afghanistan holds peace conference: 6 June 2017: Afghanistan holds peace conference amid violence and protests, also calling on regional powers to help find a way to peace
February 2018 escalation of attacks: 28 February 2018: Ashraf Ghani’s ceasefire and recognition proposal after sharp escalation in attacks
April 2018: 1 April 2018: Afghanistan's election authorities set 20 October 2018 as the date for long-delayed legislative and district council elections - 18 avril 2018: Des hommes armés ont attaqué et incendié un centre d'inscription sur les registres électoraux pour les législatives d'octobre et enlevé au moins cinq personnes, selon les responsables locaux - 22 April 2018: Afghanistan's Wahid Majroh confirms that 31 people have been killed and 54 wounded in a suicide bombing that targeted a voter registration centre in Kabul's Dasht-e-Barchi, claimed by Islamic State terrorists
August 2018 cease fire declared by Ghani: 19 août 2018: Le président afghan Ashraf Ghani a déclaré un cessez-le-feu de trois mois avec les talibans, à condition que ceux-ci interrompent également les combats, après une récente poussée de violence dans le pays
September 2018: 30 September 2018: Violence took a heavy toll on Zakia Wardak’s family, fractured and diminished by long decades of war in Afghanistan, as the successful engineer, who virtually shuttered her business several years ago to focus on health and women’s rights, is now fighting for Afghan democracy
October 2018 Kandahar election postponed: 19 October 2018: Saturday’s parliamentary election in the southern Afghan province of Kandahar has been postponed for a week following the assassination of the local police chief in an attack, that also killed the provincial spy chief and wounded the governor and a regional army commander
October 2018 Afghan parliamentary election and terror attacks: Afghan parliamentary election, scheduled to be held in Afghanistan on 20 October 2018 - 20 octobre 2018: Les législatives en Afghanistan se tenaient dans le chaos samedi avec plusieurs explosions dans le pays, qui ont fait au moins 3 morts à Kaboul
December 2018 election results: The parliamentary results were to be released within 20 days of the election, and the final results by 20 December 2018
May 2019 assassination of Mena Mangal: 11/12 May 2019: Afghan journalist and political adviser to the parliament's cultural affairs commission Mina Mangal was shot dead in south-east Kabul in an attack by two unidentified men on a motorbike in broad daylight and in a public place, prompting an outpouring of grief and anger from women’s rights activists, directed at authorities who had left her unprotected in the face of threats
18 September 2019 Taliban death threats against students and education workers: 18 September 2019: Afghanistan's Taliban terrorist group on Wednesday warned teachers, students and other education workers to avoid the upcoming presidential vote or risk dying in attacks on election centres
22 September 2019 Ghani says election is vital: 22 September 2019: Violence and fraud overshadow Afghanistan poll as incumbent president says election is vital to give government a democratic mandate, after in last week alone, dozens were killed when the Taliban terrorists flattened a hospital in an attack in the south, and a USA drone strike hit a group harvesting pine nuts in the east
27/28 September 2019 courage for democracy needed: 27 September 2019: After decades of war destroyed people's lives, holding elections despite the violence is a reminder of Afghans' ability to withstand adversity, according to former director of the National Museum Masoudi, who once risked his life to protect the country's prized artefacts against Taliban terrorists, now saying 'to risk one's life for a vote, proves a commitment towards democracy' - 28 September 2019: Afghans head to the polls amid fears that voter turnout would be badly hit by disorganized balloting and threats of violence by Taliban militants, who targeted polling stations in the country's north and south, causing dozens of casualties - 28 September 2019: The Taliban cut off Safiullah Safi's right forefinger for voting in 2014, but this inhuman crime did not stop the businessman from doing it again, as more than 400 polling centres will remain closed in areas under Taliban control, hundreds more will be closed because of security concerns, as in other areas strong turnout indicated
September 2019 Afghan presidential election: 28 September 2019 Afghan presidential election, postponed from 20 April 2019 to September - Candidates of the September 2019 Afghan presidential election
29 September 2019: 29 September 2019: Many Afghans braved the threat of militant attacks to vote in an election seen as a major test of the Western-backed government's ability to protect democracy against Taliban attempts to derail it, as preliminary results are not expected before October 19 and final results not until November 7
22 December 2019 Ashraf Ghani reelected: 22 décembre 2019: Les résultats préliminaires de l'élection présidentielle en Aghanistan désignent le président sortant Ashraf Ghani pour un nouveau mandat à la tête du pays
February 2020 Ghani declared winner of Afghan election: 18 February 2020: Ghani declared winner of Afghan election, gaining just over 50% of September votes, but Abdullah’s team reject results
9 March 2020 blasts in Afghanistan as presidential rivals hold oath ceremonies: 9 March 2020: Blasts have been reported in Kabul, as Afghanistan’s two leading presidential candidates held separate swearing-in ceremonies after both claimed to have won last year’s elections, and as incumbent Ashraf Ghani took his oath of office at the country’s presidential palace in Kabul in a ceremony on Monday attended by foreign diplomats
17 May 2020 power-sharing agreement: 17 May 2020: Afghan president Ashraf Ghani and political rival Abdullah have signed a power-sharing agreement, as deal also hands top military post to Dostum, despite decades of scandal, longstanding accusations of human rights abuses including torturing rival, previously called a 'known killer' by Ghani, but still commanding one of the largest voting blocs
16 March 2021 government indecisive after ban on schoolgirls singing in Afghanistan met with protest: 16 March 2021: Afghanistan’s Ministry of Education appears to be backtracking on a decision to impose a nationwide singing ban on schoolgirls, after women take to social media to sing in defiance under #IAmMySong hashtag
14 April 2021: Afghan women fear the return of the Taliban: 14 April 2021: Afghan women fear the return of the Taliban following USA Biden administration’s decision to withdraw all troops from Afghanistan by 11 September 2021, saying 'terrible days ahead’ as after 20 years of more or less threatened liberties, female education and women's rights are once again threatened by hardline Islamists, supported by the USA in the 1980s against democratic efforts during the so-called 'Cold War'
2 July 2021 after nearly 20 years USA military has left Afghanistan’s Bagram airbase: 2 July 2021: After nearly 20 years, the USA military has left Afghanistan’s Bagram airbase, the epicentre of its war to remove the Taliban and hunt down the al-Qaeda perpetrators of the 9/11 attacks, according to USA officials - 2 July 2021: Reported USA's withdrawal is the clearest indication that the last of the USA troops have left Afghanistan or are nearing departure, amid uncertainty of country's future following its history including decennies of war
7 July 2021 armed Afghan women take to streets in show of defiance against Taliban: 7 July 2021: Women have taken up guns in northern and central Afghanistan, marching in the streets in their hundreds and sharing pictures of themselves with assault rifles on social media, in a show of defiance as the Taliban make sweeping gains nationwide, as one of the biggest demonstrations was in central Ghor province, where hundreds of women turned out at the weekend, waving guns and chanting anti-Taliban slogans
4 August 2021 analysts and officials say a Taliban victory is far from guaranteed: 4 August 2021: As the Taliban - in the beginning month returning to terrorist attacks against members of the elected government - now controls about half of Afghanistan’s districts following offensives in the months since foreign troops began their final withdrawal from the country 20 years since 9/11, analysts and officials say their military victory is far from guaranteed, pointing to the ability and resources of the Afghan defence forces, who remain in control of key cities and advanced weapons therefore possessing a technological advantage, 'Al Jazeera' reports
14-18 August 2021 Afghan president in urgent talks as Taliban push closer to capital, then leaving for UAE: 14 August 2021: Afghanistan’s president Ashraf Ghani held urgent talks with local leaders and international partners on Saturday as Taliban rebels pushed closer to Kabul, capturing a town south of the capital that is one of the gateways to the city - 18 August 2021: Afghan President Ashraf Ghani is in UAE, as Gulf country UAE says Ghani taken in on ‘humanitarian grounds’ after he fled Afghanistan as the Taliban took over the country
18 August 2021 deadly protest in Jalalabad against removal of Afghan flag: 18 August 2021: Deadly protest in Jalalabad against removal of Afghan flag, as at least two reportedly killed and 12 others wounded after shots fired at protest against removal of Afghan flag in Jalalabad, 'Al Jazeera' reports
2 September 2021 Taliban to reveal new Afghan government amid unfolding economic crisis: 2 September 2021: Taliban to reveal new Afghan government amid unfolding economic crisis as the economy teetered on the edge of collapse more than two weeks after the Islamist militants captured Kabul and brought a chaotic end to the country's two decades of war - 2 septembre 2021: 'Il y a de graves pénuries de liquide' en Afghanistan
8 September 2021 Taliban announced an all-male caretaker government AS many of its senior figures are on UN sanctions lists: 8 September 2021: The Taliban have announced an all-male caretaker government including an interior minister wanted by the FBI, on a day when at least two people were killed by violent policing of street protests against the new authorities, and as the leadership unveiled on Tuesday is drawn entirely from Taliban ranks, despite promises of an inclusive cabinet, and many of its senior figures are on UN sanctions lists
6 octobre 2021 l'Afghanistan aux mains de Taliban, et dans l'ombre la résistance feminine s'organise: 6 octobre 2021: L'Afghanistan aux mains de Taliban, mais dans l'ombre la résistance feminine s'organise, et 'à Kaboul, des écoles clandestines pour les lycéennes se développent', raconte Solène Chalvon Fioriti
23 June 2022 following earthquake in eastern border region Taliban appeal for more aid: 23 June 2022: Following desastrous earthquake in eastern border region of Afghanistan Taliban appeal for more aid as death toll set to mount, and the hardline Islamist leadership - as 'government' not really helping the Afghan people to overcome poverty - says help needs to be ‘scaled up’ after the quake devastated towns and villages in the country’s mountainous east
Social movements and protests in Afghanistan: Protests in Afghanistan - Social movements in Afghanistan
2012 Afghanistan protest over the recent public execution of an Afghan woman: 11 July 2012: Dozens of women, men and rights activists took to the streets of Kabul on Wednesday to protest over the recent public execution of an Afghan woman and to demand justice - 17 September: More than 1.000 people in the Afghan capital Kabul are taking part in an angry demonstration against the US-film mocking Islam
March 2015 protest as Afghan protesters demand justice for Farkhunda killed by mob: 23 March 2015: Family of Afghan woman Farkhunda, killed by a mob triggered by a mullah in front of Kabul’s Shah-Do Shamshira mosque where she worked as a religious teacher and urged by Kabul police chief 'You have to confirm' that Farkhunda was mentally ill, take comfort from tide of outrage - 24 March: Afghan protesters demand justice for Farkhunda killed by mob - 17 June 2015: At the Afghanistan launch of HeForShe UN campaign for gender equality, a group of Afghan men in Kabul took the very rare step of calling on their male compatriots to take a stand for women’s rights - 9 August 2015: Hundreds of civil society activists and residents of Kabul have gathered over the weekend near the site of a truck bomb attack which killed at least 15 people and wounded over 200 others to remember victims of attacks and to protest against support for terrorists - 11 November 2015: Thousands of people have marched in Kabul, carrying coffins of seven Hazaras, killed by Islamist militants, and pictures of the victims including two women and one child, 'held hostage for months', also protesting against insecurity and the government's inaction - 25 November 2015: A string of vicious murders this year has led to a public furore and protests, energising the national women’s rights movement in Afghanistan
2016: 16 May 2016: Thousands of demonstrators from Afghanistan's Hazara minority marched in protest through Kabul saying that they are missing out on a multi-million dollar power transmission line - 5 novembre 2016: Après au moins 30 civils ont péri dans des raids aériens des Etats-Unis, des manifestations ont éclaté à Kunduz et des dizaines de proches des victimes se sont rassemblés devant les bureaux du gouverneur, transportant des corps d'enfants tués
June 2017: 2 June 2017: At least four Afghans have been killed including Salem Izidyar, as police fired live rounds to disperse protesters calling for president Ashraf Ghani to step down and chanting 'death to the Taliban' after devastating Kabul truck bombing, which killed at least 90 people and injured more than 460
January 2018: 4 January 2018: Kabul protest hit by deadly bomb attack, killing at least 11 people and wounding 25 others
20 September 2019 climate change protest despite Taliban threats: 20 September 2019: Afghan protesters risked a march down the centre of Kabul Friday despite nearly daily attacks by Russian and Iranian backed terrorists, in order to participate in the global movement against climate change, as health ministry says as many as 3,000 people die of pollution-induced illnesses in Kabul annually
9 May 2020 gunfire kills 6 at Afghan protest calling for economic aid: 9 May 2020: After protesters had gathered outside the governor's office in Feroz Koh, a shootout erupted at protest by residents demanding economic assistance, leading to the deaths of at least six people, including a local reporter and two police officers
18 August 2021 deadly protest in Jalalabad against removal of Afghan flag: 18 August 2021: Deadly protest in Jalalabad against removal of Afghan flag, as at least two reportedly killed and 12 others wounded after shots fired at protest against removal of Afghan flag in Jalalabad, 'Al Jazeera' reports
3 September 2021 Afghan women rally for rights in western region and city of Herat: 3 September 2021: Defiant Afghan women held a rare protest Thursday saying they were willing to accept the burqa if their daughters could still go to school under Taliban rule, stating 'it is our right to have education, work and security', as group of around 50 female demonstrators chanted, waving placards on the streets of Afghanistan's western city of Herat
4 September 2021 women march in Kabul to demand role in Taliban government, as protesters say the Taliban used pepper sprays and tear gas to disperse them: 4 September 2021: Women march in Kabul to demand role in Taliban government, as protesters say the Taliban used pepper sprays and tear gas to disperse them as they tried to reach the presidential palace
12 September 2021 women reportedly can study in gender-segregated universities: 12 September 2021: Taliban says women can study in gender-segregated universities, however, women will be required to wear head coverings and the curriculum is under review
28 August 2023 ‘Despair is settling in’ - female suicides on rise in Taliban’s Afghanistan: 28 August 2023: Since the Taliban took control of Afghanistan in the summer of 2021, there has been a disturbing surge in the number of women taking their own lives or attempting to do so, data collected from public hospitals and mental health clinics across a third of Afghanistan’s provinces shows. Women and girls are choosing the latter of two options: to marry an addict and live a life of misery or to take their own life. Women and girls made up a majority of those who died from suicide or were treated after trying to kill themselves, with the youngest recorded victims in their early teens. Overall, females made up more than three-quarters of recorded suicide deaths and treated survivors.


Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Afghanistan: Afghan society
Provinces and districts of Afghanistan: 34 Provinces of Afghanistan, listed in the following overview by number from North West to South East with the exception of the province of Kabul and Kabul city, the capital of Afghanistan - 398 Districts of Afghanistan (in 2005), list by province
Cities in Afghanistan: List of cities in Afghanistan
Herat province: Herat province, the first province on Afghanistan's map and one of its thirty-four provinces, located in the north-western part of the country, making up - together with Badghis, Farah, and Ghor provinces - the north-western region of Afghanistan
Herat city: Herat city, an oasis city and the third-largest city of Afghanistan, as in 2020, it had an estimated population of 574,276 citizens, and serving as the capital of Herat Province, situated in the fertile valley of the Hari River in the western part of the country, and also serving as a regional hub in the country's west
Demographics of Herat city: Demographics of Herat city, as population numbered approximately 592,902 citizens in 2021, and s the city houses a multi-ethnic society with speakers of the Persian language in the majority
Economy and infrastructure of Herat: Economy and infrastructure of Herat
Timeline of Herat since 500 BCE: Timeline of Herat since 500 BCE
652 Siege of Herat was part of the Islamic conquest of the Central Asian region: 652 Siege of Herat was part of the Islamic conquest of Persia which was commanded by Ahnaf ibn Qais, a Muslim general who lived during the time of Muhammad, and hailed from the Arab tribe of Banu Tamim and born of two 'noble' parents - 622–750 early Muslim conquests, also referred to as the Arab conquests, following and imitating Roman empire's conquests in West Asia expanding dependance and slavery, destruction of Judah and Israel, and further conquests, then establishing 'Christianity' taken from the Jewish religion changed for the needs of the dissolving empire due to its spatial expansion since centuries, then decline and dissolution
15th-19th centuries timeline of Herat: 15th-19th centuries timeline of Herat
20th century timeline of Herat: 20th century timeline of Herat
Herat in the 21st century: Herat in the 21st century
3 September 2021 Afghan women rally for rights in western region and city of Herat: 3 September 2021: Defiant Afghan women held a rare protest Thursday saying they were willing to accept the burqa if their daughters could still go to school under Taliban rule, stating 'it is our right to have education, work and security', as group of around 50 female demonstrators chanted, waving placards on the streets of Afghanistan's western city of Herat
Farah province: Farah province, the second on the map of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan located in the southwestern part of the country next to Iran, and a spacious and sparsely populated province, divided into eleven districts with hundreds of villages. It has a population of about 563,026 inhabitants, which is multi-ethnic and mostly a rural tribal society. The Farah Airport is located near the city of Farah, which serves as the capital of the province. Farah is linked with Iran via the Iranian border town of Mahirud.
Nimruz province: Nimruz province, the third on the map of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the southwestern part of the country. It lies to the east of the Sistan and Baluchestan Province of Iran and north of Balochistan, Pakistan, also bordering the Afghan provinces of Farah and Helmand. It has a population of about 186,963 people. The province is divided into five districts, encompassing about 649 villages. The city of Zaranj serves as the provincial capital and Zaranj Airport, which is located by that city, serves as a domestic airport for the province. The recently-built Kamal Khan Dam is located in Chahar Burjak District.
Badghis province: Badghis province, the fourth on the map of the 34 provinces provinces of Afghanistan, located in the northwest of the country, on the border with Turkmenistan. It is considered to be one of the country's most underdeveloped provinces. The capital is Qala i Naw, while the most populous city and district is Bala Murghab, with a total population of 559,297 citizens in 2021
Economy of Badghis: Economy of Badghis, counted as one of the most underdeveloped of the country's 34 provinces, with little infrastructure, poor roads and a chronic shortage of water, as agriculture is the main source of people's income the Murghab River making the available land suitable for cultivation, but suffering from severe drought beginning in the late 1990s and continuing, causing tens of thousands of residents to flee to refugee camps outside Herat
History and timeline of Badghis: History of Badghis, as by the late 19th century, the province was devastated by Turkmen raids, as in 1964 the province was carved out of portions of Herat Province and Meymaneh Province, as the province was one of the last captured by the Taliban in their military offensive before USA's invasion in 2001, but then quickly retaken by Northern Alliance forces
7/8 July 2021 Taliban launched its first assault on Qala-e-Naw provincial capital in Afghanistan: 7 July 2021: The Taliban has launched its first assault on Qala-e-Naw provincial capital in Afghanistan, since waging a major offensive against government forces, local officials said, causing panic among local people and prompting prisoners to break out of the city’s prison, after fierce fighting erupted on Wednesday and the armed group fighters captured all the surrounding districts of the province - 8 July 2021: USA's Biden is set to speak Thursday about the USA's military withdrawal in Afghanistan, which is facing criticism amid advances by Taliban fighters, as Badghi's governor Hissan muddin Shams and colleagues explained local militia forces's defense efforts
Faryab province: Faryab province, the fifth on the map of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, which is located in the north of the country bordering neighboring Turkmenistan. It has a population of about 1,109,223 inhabitants, which is multi-ethnic and mostly a tribal society. The province encompasses 15 districts and over 1,000 villages. The capital of Faryab province is Maymana. It also borders Jowzjan Province, Sar-e Pol Province, Ghor Province and Badghis Province
Ghor province: Ghor province, the sixth on the map of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, located in the western Hindu Kush in central Afghanistan, towards the north-west, as the province contains eleven districts, encompassing hundreds of villages, and approximately 764,472 settled people, while Firuzkoh city serves as the capital of the province
Chaghcharan (Firozkoh) city: Chaghcharan city, also called Firozkoh, a town and district in central Afghanistan, which serves as the capital of Ghor Province. It is located on the southern side of the Hari River, at an altitude of 2,230m above sea level. Chaghcharan is linked by a 380 kilometres long highway with Herat to the west, and a 450 kilometres long highway with Kabul to the east. The town is served by Chaghcharan Airport. Chaghcharan has a population of about 15,000 citizens who are mostly Dari speakers. However the recent data showed a population of 31,266 in 2015. It has 1 district and a total land area of 2,614 Hectares, and the total number of dwellings in the city are 3,474
August 2021 Chaghcharan was seized by Taliban fighters: In August 2021, Chaghcharan was seized by Taliban fighters
5 September 2021 Taliban militants in Firozkoh city have shot dead a policewoman: 5 September 2021: Taliban militants in Afghanistan have shot dead a policewoman in a provincial city, witnesses have told the BBC, as the woman, named in local media as Banu Negar, was killed at the family home in front of relatives in Firozkoh, the capital of central Ghor province, and as the killing comes amid increasing reports of escalating repression of women in Afghanistan
Helmand province, Helmand River, opium production: Helmand province, the seventh on the map of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, in the south of the country and the largest province by area, covering 58,584 square kilometres area, containinng 13 districts, encompassing over 1,000 villages, and roughly 1,446,230 settled people,as Lashkargah city serves as the provincial capital. The province has a domestic airport (Bost Airport), in the city of Lashkargah and heavily used by NATO-led forces. The Helmand River flows through the mainly desert region of the province, providing water used for irrigation. The Kajaki Dam, which is one of Afghanistan's major reservoirs, is located in the Kajaki district. Helmand is believed to be one of the world's largest opium-producing regions, responsible for around 42% of the world's total production.
Jowzjan province: Jowzjan province, the eights on the map of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, located in the north of the country bordering neighboring Turkmenistan. The province is divided into 11 districts and contains hundreds of villages. It has a population of about 613,481 inhabitants, which is multi-ethnic and mostly agriculturalists. Sheberghan is the capital of Jozjan province
Sar-e Pol province: Sar-e Pol province, the nineth of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, located in the north of the country, bordering Jowzjan and Balkh to the west and north, Ghor to the south, and Samangan to the east, as the province is divided into 7 districts and contains 896 villages with a population of about 632,000 inhabitants, which is multi-ethnic and mostly a tribal society. The city of Sar-e Pol serves as the provincial capital
Daykundi province: Daykundi province, the tenth on the map of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, located in the central part of the country. It has a population of about 516,504 inhabitants, mostly Hazaras speaking the Hazaragi dialect which is mutually intelligible with Dari, one of the two official languages of Afghanistan. The provincial capital is Nili, and the province is surrounded by Bamyan Province in the northeast, Ghazni Province in the southeast, Urozgan Province in the south, Helmand Province in the southwest, and Ghor Province in the northwest.
Uruzgan province: Uruzgan province, the eleventh on the map of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, as Uruzgan is located in the center of the country with a population of 436,079 inhabitants, as the province is mostly a tribal society and as Tarinkot city serves as the capital of the province
Kandahar province: Kandahar province, the 12th on the country's map, located in its southern part, and sharing a border with Balochistan to the south, as it is surrounded by Helmand in the west, Uruzgan in the north and Zabul Province in the east, and as its capital is the city of Kandahar located on the Arghandab River, Afghanistan's second largest city and also known since the 1990s for mujahideen Taliban's 'Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan'
Kandahar city: Kandahar city, the second-largest city in Afghanistan with a population of about 557,118 inhabitants, is one of the most significant cities of the Pashtuns, known since the 1990s for mujahideen Taliban's 'Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan', and is a major trading center for sheep, wool, cotton, silk, felt, food grains, fresh and dried fruit, tobacco, and more
History of Kandahar: History of Kandahar, as excavations of prehistoric sites by archaeologists such as Louis Dupree and others suggest that the region around Kandahar is one of the oldest human settlements known so far, as early peasant farming villages came into existence in Afghanistan ca. 5000 B.C., or 7000 years ago, as later many empires have long fought over the city due to its strategic location along the trade routes of southern, central and western Asia
15 October 2021 Kandahar bombing: 15 October 2021 Kandahar bombing, as a bomb exploded at a Shia mosque during Friday prayers killing at least 33 people. It came a week after a bombing claimed by the 'Islamic State' (ISIL Khorasan Province) terrorist group at a mosque in Kunduz killed at least 50 people
16 October 2021 funeral services held for victims of Friday’s suicide bomb attack: 16 October 2021: Funeral services were held for victims of Friday’s suicide bomb attack on a Shiite mosque in Afghanistan’s southern city of Kandahar that killed at least 47 people and wounded more than 70, as UN Security Council stressed the need to hold everyone involved in 'these reprehensible acts of terrorism accountable and bring them to justice', as Friday's mass murder was the second consecutive massacre in a week
Balkh province: Balkh province, the 13th on Afghanistan's map and one of its 34 provinces located in the north of the country, divided into 15 districts and with a population of about 1,509,183 inhabitants, and also a multi-ethnic (and mostly a Persian-speaking) society. The city of Mazar-i-Sharif serves as the capital of the province. The Mazar-e Sharif International Airport and Camp Marmal sit on the eastern edge of Mazar-i-Sharif.
Mazar-i-Sharif city: Mazar-i-Sharif city, the fourth-largest city of Afghanistan, with a population of about 500,207 people, and the capital of Balkh province linked by highways with Kunduz in the east, Kabul in the southeast, Herat in the southwest and Termez, and Uzbekistan in the north. The city is also a tourist attraction because of its famous Hellenistic archeological sites i.a., and as the ancient city of Balkh is also nearby.
History of Mazar-i-Sharif city since ancient times: History of Mazar-i-Sharif city since ancient times, as the Achaemenids controlled the region from the sixth century BCE
History of Mazar-i-Sharif in the late 20th century and since 2001: History of Mazar-i-Sharif in the late 20th century and since 2001
1986–1992 Mohammad Najibullah Ahmadzai's leadership and policy of National Reconciliation': 1986–1992 Afghan politician Mohammad Najibullah Ahmadzai's leadership and policy of 'National Reconciliation'
1997-98 Battles of Mazar-i-Sharif and Taliban war crimes: 1997-98 Battles of Mazar-i-Sharif, as on 8 August 1998, the Taliban entered the city and for the next two days drove their pickup trucks 'up and down the narrow streets of Mazar-i-Sharif shooting to the left and right and killing everything that moved—shop owners, cart pullers, women and children shoppers and even goats and donkeys', as also more than 8000 noncombatants were reported killed in Mazar-i-Sharif and later in Bamiyan, and as - in addition - the Taliban wered then condemned but never punished for forbidding anyone from burying the corpses for the first six days (contrary to the injunctions of Islam, which demands immediate burial) while the remains rotted in the summer heat and were eaten by dogs, as finally the Taliban sought out and massacred members of the Hazara, while in control of Mazar
14 August 2021 Mazar-i-Sharif again seized by mujahideen Taliban fighters: 14 August 2021 Mazar-i-Sharif was seized by mujahideen Taliban fighters, becoming the twenty-fifth provincial capital to be captured by the Taliban as part of the wider 2021 Taliban offensive to re-establish their Mullah regime
Samangan province: Samangan province, the 14th of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, located north of the Hindu Kush mountains in the central part of the country, surrounded by Sar-e Pol province in the west, Balkh in the north, Baghlan in the east, and Bamyan in the south, as Samangan province is divided into 7 districts containing 674 villages, with a population of about 438,000 inhabitants, which is multi-ethnic and mostly a rural society, and as the city of Samangan serves as the provincial capital
Bamyan province: Bamyan province with a population of about 495,557 inhabitants, the 15th of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, located in the central highlands of the country, as its terrain is mountainous or semi-mountainous - at the western end of the Hindu Kush mountains concurrent with the Himalayas -, and as the province is divided into eight districts, with the town of Bamyan serving as its capital
Ghazni province: Ghazni province, the 16th of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, located in southeastern Afghanistan
Zabul province: Zabul province, the 17th of the of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the south of the country. It has a mostly rural population of about 391,000. Zabul became an independent province from neighbouring Kandahar in 1963. Historically, it was part of the Zabulistan region. Qalat serves as the capital of the province.
Kundus province: Kundus province, the 18th of the of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the northern part of the country next to Tajikistan, as the population of the province is around 1,136,677 inhabitants which is mostly a tribal society
October 2015 bombing of MSF hospital in Kundus: 3 October 2015 bombing of Médecins Sans Frontières hospital in Kunduz - 5 October 2015: After the USA air attack on the MSF hospital in Kunduz killed 22 people, 'no young Afghan doctor is going to risk their life and travel to the provinces to work'
8 October 2021 dozens killed in suicide bombing by ISIL affiliate at Kunduz mosque: 8 October 2021 Kunduz mosque bombing, as over 50 people were killed and another 100 were injured, but according to an estimate by the UN Assistance Mission in Afghanistan, more than 100 people were killed and wounded - 8 October 2021: During Friday prayers at Kunduz mosque dozens killed in suicide bombing, as ISIL affiliate claims responsibility for blast at Shia mosque
Baghlan province: Baghlan province, the 19th of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, in the north of the country, as of in 2020, the province has a population of about 1,014,634 inhabitants, as its capital is Puli Khumri, but its name coming from the other major town in the province, Baghlan city
History and timeline of Baghlan province: History of Baghlan province
9 June 2021 gunmen kill 10 mine-clearance workers in Baghlan province, as attackers burst into Halo Trust charity’s camp: 9 June 2021: Gunmen kill 10 mine-clearance workers in Afghanistan, as attackers burst into Halo Trust charity’s camp in Baghlan province, killing men ‘in cold blood’, that the mine-clearing charity’s head described as the worst the organisation had endured, and as CEO Cowan said Halo would continue working in Afghanistan, where it has about 3,000 staff, and where there is still an urgent need for work to clear mines, after decades since 1988 have seen little break from war, although parties to the shifting conflict changed
Puli Khumri city: Puli Khumri city in northern Afghanistan and a major industrial city, having a population of 221,274 inhabitants in 2015, and located about 100 kilometres south of Kunduz, 200 kilometres southeast of Mazar-i-Sharif, and 230 kilometres north of Kabul, as Puli Khumri is the capital and largest city of Baghlan Province, whose name comes from the other major town in the province Baghlan
History of Puli Khumri: History of Puli Khumri, as in 2017 Taliban insurgents became active in the Dand-e-Shahabuddin part of Puli Khumri, as on 5 May 2019, Taliban terrorists stormed the city's police headquarters, killing 13 police officers, as on 1 September 2019, Taliban assaulted the city but were repelled by the Afghan Army, as on 16 January 2021, the district's NDS chief Fazal Wakilzada was killed in another Taliban attack, and as on 10 August 2021 following ISAF's unsuccessful multinational military mission since 20 years and now amid retreat of democratic and allied states, Puli Khumri became the eighth provincial capital to be captured by the Taliban as part of their nationwide military offensive
Baghlan city: Baghlan city in northern Afghanistan, in the eponymous province Baghlan Province and with a population of 119,607 citizens, located three miles east of the Kunduz River, 35 miles south of Khanabad, and about 500 metres above sea level in the northern Hindu Kush
Parwan province: Parwan province, the 20th of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan with a population of about 751,000 citizens, as the province is multi-ethnic and mostly a rural society. The province is divided into ten districts. The town of Charikar serves as the provincial capital. The province is located north of Kabul Province and south of Baghlan Province, west of Panjshir Province and Kapisa Province
Maidan Wardak province: Maidan Wardak province, the 21st of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the central region of Afghanistan. It is divided into eight districts and has a population of approximately 671,817 citizens. The capital of the province is Maidan Shar, while the most populous district in the province is Saydabad District


Kabul province: Kabul province, the 22nd on country's map, situated in the east of the country, is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan. The capital of the province is Kabul city, which is also Afghanistan's capital and largest city. The population of the Kabul Province is over 5 million people as of 2020, of which over 85% live in urban areas
Kabul city: Kabul city, the capital of Afghanistan and its largest city, located in the eastern section of the country, is also a municipality, forming part of the greater Kabul Province with a population of 4.635 million inhabitants in 2015 including all the major ethnic groups
Economy and infrastructure of Kabul: Economy and infrastructure of Kabul
Since 1500–1200 B.C. history and timeline of Kabul: Timeline of Kabul since 1500–1200 B.C.
Circa 5th century CE Bala Hissar (fortress) built: Bala Hissar ancient fortress located in the south of the old city of Kabul, as the estimated date of construction is around the 5th century AD, and as Bala Hissar sits to the south of the modern city centre at the tail end of the Kuh-e-Sherdarwaza Mountain
Since 7th century Muslim conquests of Afghanistan and Kabul: Since 7th century Muslim conquests of Afghanistan and Kabul
Kabul in the 20th century: Kabul in the 20th century
Kabul in the 21st century and terrorist attacks: Kabul in the 21st century and terrorist attacks in Kabul since 2008
2 November 2020 at least 19 people dead after gunmen storm Kabul University: 2 November 2020 Kabul University attack - 2 November 2020: Gunmen have stormed Kabul University as it was hosting a book fair attended by the Iranian ambassador to Afghanistan, leading to a gun battle lasting several hours and leaving at least 19 people dead and 22 wounded
21 November 2020 three citizens die in rocket attacks on Afghan capital: 21 November 2020: Three citizens die in rocket attacks on Afghan capital, as explosions come ahead of separate scheduled meetings between Mike Pompeo, Taliban and Afghan government officials in Doha
12 December 2020 deadly rocket attack on Kabul: 12 décembre 2020: Un civil a été tué et deux autres blessés dans les tirs de dix roquettes à Kaboul samedi matin, selon le ministère de l’Intérieur, la deuxième attaque de ce genre dans la capitale afghane en moins d’un mois
9 May 2021 Afghans bury their dead after dozens of girls killed in school blasts in Kabul: May 2021 Kabul bombing near secondary school - 9 May 2021: Dozens of young girls were buried on Sunday at a desolate hilltop cemetery in Kabul, a day after a secondary school was targeted in the bloodiest attack in Afghanistan in over a year, killing more than 50 people, mostly female students, and wounded more than 100 in Dasht-e-Barchi
14 May 2021 deadly mosque bombing rocks Kabul: 14 mai 2021: Une explosion a fait au moins douze morts dans une mosquée en banlieue de Kaboul, mettant fin au cessez-le-feu conclu entre les talibans et les forces afghanes pour l’Aïd el-Fitr.
4 August 2021 Taliban terrorist attack on minister's house in Kabul left at least eight dead: 4 August 2021: An audacious attack on the Afghan defence minister's house in Kabul has left at least eight dead, the first major bombing by militants in the city for nearly a year, as Bismillah Khan Mohammadi fortunately was not at home on Tuesday night as gunmen detonated a car bomb and fired shots near the heavily fortified Green Zone, as four of the gunmen reportedly killed, as Mohammadi's family was evacuated, and as the Taliban said they were behind the attack, also warning of more terrorist attacks against government leaders
7 August 2021 Afghan air force pilot killed in Kabul bombing by Taliban: 7 August 2021: Afghan air force pilot killed in Kabul bombing, as attack was claimed by Taliban
15 August 2021 Afghanistan's capital city of Kabul captured by the Taliban, ahead of 9/11: On 15 August 2021, ahead of 9/11, Afghanistan's capital city of Kabul was captured by the Taliban, the culmination of a major insurgent offensive that began in May 2021. This led to the overthrowing of the 'Islamic Republic of Afghanistan' under president Ashraf Ghani and reinstatement of the 'Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan' under the control of the Taliban. The USA–Taliban deal, signed on 29 February 2020, was one of the critical events that caused the collapse of the Afghan National Security Forces ANSF. Following the deal, the USA dramatically reduced the number of air attacks and deprived the ANSF of a critical edge in fighting the Taliban insurgency, leading to the Taliban takeover of Kabul.
29 Februar 2020 Doha Agreement or USA–Taliban deal, not involving the then Afghan government: 29 Februar 2020 USA–Taliban deal or the Doha Agreement, was a peace agreement signed by the USA and the Taliban in Doha, Qatar. Negotiated by Afghan-American Zalmay Khalilzad - who served under the Reagan Administration, when he 'advised' on the USA response to the Soviet–Afghan War, later appointed by president George W. Bush -, the agreement did not involve the then Afghan government. The deal, which also had secret annexes, was one of the critical events that caused the collapse of the Afghan National Security Forces. Following the deal, the USA dramatically reduced the number of air attacks and deprived the ANSF of a critical edge in fighting the Taliban insurgency, leading to the Taliban takeover of Kabul on 15 August 2021.
15 August 2021 Afghans slam president Ghani’s swift departure, 'Al Jazeera' reports live: 15 August 2021: Afghans slam president Ghani’s swift departure, who fled the country as the Taliban entered the capital Kabul after capturing major cities within a week, 'Al Jazeera' reports, also reporting live
15 August 2021 Kabul streets deserted: 15 August 2021: Kabul streets deserted as fearful residents hide away, as prices soar and rumours fly while westerners try to leave after fall of Afghan capital to Taliban, 'The Guardian' reports, also including reporting live
15 août 2021 les Taliban sont entrés dans Kaboul: 15 août 2021: Les Taliban sont entrés dans Kaboul après être restés un temps aux portes de la capitale afghane, dimanche, at par ailleurs, des responsables afghans ont annoncé que le président Ghani avait quitté le pays, selon France24 liveblog
18 August 3021 USA crisize Taliban Taliban's enclosure of Kabul's airport: 18 aoûr 2021: Le département d’Etat Unies a accusé mercredi les talibans de ne pas tenir leur promesse de laisser un libre accès aux Afghans qui souhaitent se rendre à l’aéroport de Kaboul, où s’organise le départ de personnes craignant le nouveau régime des fondamentalistes
27 August 2021 families of Kabul airport bombing victims scramble for news: 27 August 2021: Families of the victims of the bombings outside Kabul airport that killed at least 175 people and injured about 120 others are clamouring for news of their loved ones, as dozens of families crowded outside Kabul’s Emergency Hospital on Friday
27 August 2021 president Biden doesn't want Kabul attackers 'to live on planet Earth any more': 27 August 2021: Biden doesn't want Kabul attackers 'to live on planet Earth any more', according to press secretary Jen Psaki, underlining Joe Biden's comments on Kabul airport attack
28 August 2021 schools, universities and banks closed as hundreds of Afghans protested outside a bank in Kabul, 'Al Jazeera' reports live: 28 August 2021: Schools and universities remained closed on the first working day of the week, as the banks were once more closed, as hundreds of Afghans protested outside a bank, as the Taliban deploys extra forces around Kabul airport to prevent people from gathering, as USA forces helping to evacuate Afghans desperate to flee Taliban rule were on alert on Saturday for more attacks, 'Al Jazeera' reports live
29 August 2021 the 'Guardian' reports in Afghanistan live news another blast near Kabul airport: 29 August 2021: The 'Guardian' reports in Afghanistan live news another blast near Kabul airport amid warnings of further attacks, as reports of ‘powerful explosion’ thought to have been rocket attack in Afghan capital
4 September 2021 Afghan women brave Taliban-controlled streets to demand rights in Kabul: 4 September 2021: Groups of Afghan women brave Taliban-controlled streets to demand rights in Kabul a day after women in the western Afghan city of Herat took to the streets in daring public demonstrations against Taliban restrictions on their right to work and seek education
3 October 2021 at least 5 civilians killed in an explosion outside the Eid Gah Mosque in Kabul: 3 October 2021: At least five civilians have been killed in an explosion outside the Eid Gah Mosque in the Afghan capital Kabul, as four other people were wounded in Sunday’s attack that targeted a memorial service being held for the mother of Zabihullah Mujahid
13 November 2021 BBC's John Simpson revisits Afghanistan, Kabul again under the Taliban: 13 November 2021: It's 20 years to the day since the Taliban were forced from power in Afghanistan, driven out for harbouring the September 11 attackers, but what followed were two decades of bloody war - since 2003 another unsettling war in Irak until 2011, amid the 'Arab spring', then the rise of ISIL until today -, which ultimately ended with their return to Kabul, and now BBC's expert John Simpson revisits Afghanistan under the Taliban seeing a collapsing economy with horrific effects, after USA's president Biden decided to pull his troops out and the Taliban came back
23 November 2021 BBC reporter visited Kabul to report on key areas of concern facing the country: 23 November 2021: It's been 100 days since the Taliban returned to power in Afghanistan, as BBC reporter Yalda Hakim visited a district of Kabul to report on four key areas of concern facing the country
9 January 2022 Afghan professor arrested for criticising Taliban rule: 9 January 2022: Prominent Afghan professor of law and political science at Kabul University Faizullah Jalal - an outspoken critic of the Taliban leadership - has been arrested in Kabul, after he made several appearances on TV talk shows since the USA-backed government was pushed out in August, blaming the Taliban for the worsening financial crisis and criticising them for ruling by force
22 January 2022 Afghan women taken from their homes after speaking out: 22 January 2022: Afghan women taken from their homes after speaking out, as - after 20 years of violent struggle and the loss of tens of thousands even of civilian lives - they took power again in a country that belongs to the civilian population and no one else, using their brutal force developed since late 20th century, today with the support of the Emirate of Qatar
13 February 2022 4 missing Afghan women activists released, according to UN: 13 February 2022: 4 Afghan women activists released after going missing weeks ago, UN said Sunday, as Tamana Zaryabi Paryani, Parwana Ibrahimkhel, Zahra Mohammadi and Mursal Ayar went missing after participating in an anti-Taliban rally, but Afghanistan's hardline Islamist rulers had consistently denied detaining them
19 April 2022 bombing outside Abdul Rahim Shahid boys' high school in Kabul: 19 April 2022: A suspected twin suicide bombing outside Abdul Rahim Shahid boys' high school in Kabul has killed at least 4 people and wounded others in the Shia-dominated west of the city, as the number of dead and wounded is likely to rise, and as a nearby tuition centre was also targeted in a grenade attack
21 April 2022 Gulafroz Ebtekar reports how she escaped the Taliban, now working in exile to restore justice: 21 April 2022: ‘We had 4,000 policewomen in Afghanistan. Let them get back to work’, according to former top CID officer in Kabul Gulafroz Ebtekar, telling how she escaped the Taliban and is now working in exile to restore justice for the women of her homeland
29 April 2022 blast at Kabul Sunni mosque kills more than 50 worshippers: 29 April 2022: A powerful explosion has killed more than 50 worshippers after Friday prayers at a Kabul mosque, the latest of a series of attacks on civilian targets in Afghanistan during Ramadan, as the blast hit the Khalifa Sahib mosque in the west of the capital in the early afternoon, coming as worshippers at the Sunni mosque gathered after Friday prayers for a congregation known as Zikr
18 June 2022 deadly explosion rocks Sikh site in Kabul: 18 June 2022: An assault on a Sikh prayer site in Afghanistan has left one worshipper and a Taliban member dead as well as the unidentified attackers, as the site in the capital Kabul was hit by a bomb early in the morning when up to 30 people were inside
1 July 2022 situation for women desperate in Afghanistan UN's Human Rights Council has heard: 1 July 2022: The situation for women is so desperate in Afghanistan that they are committing suicide at a rate of one or two every day, UN's Human Rights Council has heard, as Fawzia Koofi, former deputy speaker of the Afghan Parliament, said lack of opportunity and ailing mental health, was taking a terrible toll, as UN human rights chief Michelle Bachelet condemned the massive unemployment of women, stating despite 'assurances, we are witnessing the progressive exclusion of women and girls from the public sphere and their institutionalised, systematic oppression'
2 July 2022 UN rights chief slams ‘progressive exclusion’ of Afghan women from public sphere: 2 July 2022: UN rights chief slams ‘progressive exclusion’ of Afghan women from public sphere
2 August 2022 Afghans in Kabul say they know little about USA killing of al-Qaeda leader: 2 August 2022: The news of the killing of al-Qaeda chief Ayman al-Zawahiri slowly made its way through the Afghan capital. For many Afghans, it came as a complete surprise, after the announcement by the USA of a 'precision' drone attack that killed the elusive 71-year-old al-Qaeda leader came in Kabul in the early hours of Tuesday
6 August 2022 bomb in Kabul shopping street injures at least 22 people: 6 August 2022: A bomb exploded in a busy shopping street in Afghanistan’s capital Kabul on Saturday injuring at least 22 people, hospital officials and witnesses said. as the blast occurred in a western district of the city where members of the minority Shia Muslim community regularly meet
6 August 2022 bomb in Kabul killed eight people and injured at least 22: 6 August 2022: A bomb exploded in a busy shopping street in Afghanistan’s capital Kabul on Saturday killed eight people and injured at least 22, hospital officials and witnesses said.
17 August 2022 many feared dead after huge explosion rips through Kabul mosque: 17 August 2022: Many feared dead after huge explosion rips through Kabul mosque, as police report multiple casualties after powerful blast during evening prayers, not saying how many, but Reuters reports that as many as 35 people may have been wounded or killed, and the toll could rise further
30 September 2022 Kabul school bombing: 30 September 2022 Kabul school bombing, as a suicide bomber blew himself up at the Kaaj education center in Dashte Barchi, a Hazara neighborhood in Kabul, killing 35 people and wounding 82.
1 October 2022 after Friday's Kabul attack death toll rises to 35 mostly ‘girls, young women’: 1 October 2022: The death toll from a suicide bombing at an education centre in the Afghan capital has risen to 35, according to the UN mission to the country, as women reportedly took to the streets to protest against the targeting of the Hazara ethnic minority
5 October 2022 4 people killed in bombing at Afghan Interior Ministry mosque: 5 October 2022: Four people killed in bombing at Afghan Interior Ministry mosque, as interior ministry spokesman says 25 wounded in suicide bombing at mosque used by visitors and ministry employees
11 Januar 2023 seadly ‘suicide’ blast outside Afghan foreign ministry in Kabul: 11 January 2023: At least 20 people have been killed after a suspected suicide bomber detonated himself outside the foreign ministry in Kabul in the second major attack in the Afghan capital this year, claimed by Isil, according to a Taliban official


Logar province: Logar province, the 23th of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan located in the eastern section of the country. It is divided into seven districts and contains hundreds of villages. Puli Alam is the capital of the province. As of 2021, Logar has a population of about 442,037 citizens. It is a multi-ethnic tribal society, with a Tajik and Pashtun majority, as the Logar River enters the province through the west, and leaves to the north
21 August 2022 flooding in eastern Afghanistan' Logar province has killed at least 9 people: 21 August 2022; Heavy flooding from seasonal rains in eastern Afghanistan has killed at least 9 people, washed away homes and destroyed livestock and farmland, according to Logar province's disaster management
Paktia province: Paktia province, the 24th of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the east of the country. Forming part of the larger Loya Paktia region, Paktia Province is divided into 15 districts and has a population of roughly 623,000 citizens, which is mostly a tribal society living in rural areas. Pashtuns make up the majority of the population but smaller number of Tajiks are also found. Gardez is the provincial capital
Paktika province and geography: Paktika province, the 25th of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the eastern part of the country. Forming part of the larger Loya Paktia region, Paktika has a population of about 789,000 inhabitants, mostly ethnic Pashtuns. The town of Sharana serves as the provincial capital, while the most populous city is Urgun - Geography of Paktika province, adjacent to the Durand Line border between Pakistan and Afghanistan. It is bordered by the Khost and Paktia provinces to the north. The western border is shared with the provinces of Ghazni and Zabul. The South Waziristan and North Waziristan agencies are to the east of Paktika, while Zhob District of the Balochistan province of Pakistan borders it the southeast. The Shinkay Hills run through the center of Paktika, and Toba Kakar Range runs along the border with Pakistan. The Southern districts are intermittently irrigated and cultivated, the center and north are used primarily for rangeland. There are natural forests in Ziruk, Nika, Gayan, and Bermal districts, as Paktika - like many other areas of Afghanistan - has been severely deforested. This has been a cause of devastating floods in recent years.
Gomal River and dam: Gomal River, a 400-kilometre-long river in Afghanistan and Pakistan, as Gomal River's headwaters are located south-east of Ghazni. The springs which form the headwaters of the Gomal's main branch emerge above the fort at Babakarkol in Katawaz, a district inhabited by Ghilji Pashtuns from the Kharoti and Sulaimankhel clans, in Paktika Province. The Gomal's other branch, the 'Second Gomal', joins the main channel about 14 miles below its source. The Gomal flows southeast through eastern Ghilji country before entering Pakistan. - Gomal Zam Dam - in South Waziristan Tribal District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa - impounding the Gomal River, a tributary of the Indus River, at Khjori Kach, where the Gomal River passes through a narrow ravine. The purpose of the dam is irrigation, flood control and hydroelectric power generation. Construction of the dam began in 2001 and was completed in April 2011. The powerhouse was completed in March 2013.
Sharana District: Sharana District within the heartland of the Sulaimankhel tribe of Ghilji Pashtuns. The estimated population in 2019 was 63,626 inhabitants.
Sharana city: Sharana city, the capital of Paktika Province, Afghanistan. It is located at an altitude of 2,200 meters within the heartland of the Sulaimankhel tribe of Ghilji Pashtuns. Its population was estimated to be 2,200 inhabitants in 2006. In 2015 it had a population of 15,651 inhabitants. It has 6 districts and a total land area of 5,893 hectares. The total number of dwellings in this city are 1,739.
June 2022 Afghanistan earthquake that struck the Durand Line on 22 June: 22 June 2022 Afghanistan earthquake that struck the Durand Line, between Afghanistan and Pakistan, as at least 1,193–1,543 people died and 1,600–3,000 people were injured throughout Afghanistan and Pakistan, the deadliest earthquake in Afghanistan in more than 20 years. Poor construction practices and building materials contributed to the high death toll.
24 June 2022 survivors talk of quake’s deadly toll in Afghanistan's eastern border region: 24 June 2022: Survivors talk of quake’s deadly toll in Afghanistan, as Abdullah Abed - pointing towards several freshly dug graves - reported that his son Farhadullah, 10, and daughter Basrina, 18 'screamed for help'. 'We tried to save them but by the time we pulled them out of the rubble, their voices had gone quiet'. An estimated 250 people have died in the hard-hit district, many of them now buried next to Abed’s children.
24 June 2022 Afghanistan's ruling Taliban are resisting efforts by the UN to help: 24 June 2022: Afghanistan's ruling Taliban are resisting efforts by the UN to help get humanitarian funding into the country and are interfering in the delivery of aid, UN aid chief Martin Griffiths told the Security Council on Thursday
13 August 2022 Taliban disperses Afghan women’s march for ‘work and freedom’: 13 August 2022: Taliban fighters beat female protesters and fired into the air on Saturday to dispersed a rare rally in the Afghan capital, days before the first anniversary of the group’s return to power, as women marched on the education ministry in Kabul, chanting 'bread, work and freedom'. Despite the pledges made when it retook power, the Taliban has limited Afghan women’s rights, including keeping high school girl students out of school.
10 November 2022 Taliban ban women from parks and funfairs in Afghan capital: 10 November 2022: The Taliban have banned Afghan women from entering the capital’s public parks and funfairs, just months after ordering access to be segregated by gender, just days ahead of the Fifa World Cup 2022 in Doha organized by the Islamic Emirate, that supported and supports the Taliban. The new rule, introduced this week, further squeezes women out of an ever-shrinking public space. They are already banned from travelling without a male escort and forced to wear a hijab or burqa whenever out of the home. Secondary schools for girls have also been shut for over a year across most of the country.
Khost province: Khost province, the 26th of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the eastern part of the country. To the east, Khost Province is bordered by North Waziristan and Kurram in Pakistan. Khost Province used to be part of Paktia Province in the past, and the larger region surrounding Khost is still called Loya Paktia. The city of Khost serves as the capital of Khost province. The population of the province is around 647,730 citizens, which is mostly a tribal society. Khost Airport serves the province for domestic flights to Afghanistan's capital Kabul
Khost city: Khost city. the capital of Khost Province, the largest city in the southeastern part of the country, and also the largest in the region of Loya Paktia. To the south and east of Khost lie Waziristan and Kurram in Pakistan. Khost is the home of Shaikh Zayed University. Khost Airport serves the city as well as the larger region surrounding the city.
History and timeline of Khost city since 19th century: History and timeline of Khost city since 19th century
21st century timeline of Khost city, construction work creating jobs, then terrorist attacks: 21st century timeline of Khost city, as throughout 2007 and 2008 roads had been improved, businesses were springing up and schools were being built, at least 50 in 2007 alone with another 25 planned for 2008. A new airport was under construction as the Khost Airfield was used by the USA Military, creating new opportunities and jobs. On 12 May 2009, several teams of armed militants stormed Khost, prompting a heavy 6-hour battle with US and Afghan National Army forces. Reportedly the attack involved 10 suicide bombers, of whom seven were able to detonate and three were shot by security forces. Coalition Forces, aided by the Afghan National Army and Afghan National Police, took the lead in repelling the attack. On 30 December 2009, a suicide bomber attacked Forward Operating Base Chapman, a major CIA base in Khost, and killed seven CIA officers, including the chief of the base. On 18 February 2011, a suicide car bomber targeted a police checkpoint and killed 11 people
Since 22 June 2022 magnitude 6.1 earthquake and aftermath: On 22 June 2022, a magnitude 6.1 earthquake occurred near the city causing at least 1,000 deaths
Takhar province: Takhar province, the 27th of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, located in the northeast of the country next to Tajikistan. It is surrounded by Badakhshan in the east, Panjshir in the south, and Baghlan and Kunduz in the west. The city of Taloqan serves as its capital. The province contains 17 districts, over 1,000 villages, and approximately 1,113,173 people, which is multi-ethnic and mostly a rural society
Panjshir province: Panjshir province,the 28th of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan located in the northeastern part of the country containing the Panjshir Valley, as the province is divided into seven districts and contains 512 villages, and in 2021 with a population of of about 173,000 citizens. Bazarak city serves as the provincial capital, currently controlled by the National Resistance Front of Afghanistan, and with Baghlan province Pamjshir is one of two provinces reportedly not controlled by the Taliban following the 2021 Taliban offensive
Panjshir Valley: Panjshir Valley that in April 2004 became the heart of the new Panjshir Province, having previously been part of Parwan Province in north-central Afghanistan and 150 kilometres north of Kabul, near the Hindu Kush mountain range and divided by the Panjshir River, as the valley is home to more than 100,000 people, including Afghanistan's largest concentration of ethnic Tajiks
History of Panjshir Valley: History of Panjshir Valley
Since 2021 National Resistance Front of Afghanistan: National Resistance Front of Afghanistan, a military alliance of former Northern Alliance members and other anti-Taliban fighters, created after the 2021 Taliban offensive, under the leadership of the Afghan politician and military leader Ahmad Massoud
Since August 2021 Panjshir conflict: Since August 2021 Panjshir conflict, an ongoing armed conflict between the formerly dominant 'Islamic Republic of Afghanistan', including the 'National Resistance Front' and other groups, and the newly dominant 'Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan' which is controlled by the 'Taliban' known for terrorism, torture and killings since 20th century, as in addition to the opposition in the Panjshir, there are also districts in the center of the country that are still in resistance against the Taliban, supported by ethnic and religious minorities
4 September 2021 Taliban surrounds Panjshir Valley as resistance holds: 4 September 2021: Taliban surrounds Panjshir Valley as resistance holds, as the Taliban appears determined to snuff out the Panjshir resistance before announcing who will lead the country, and as a spokesman for the National Resistance Front NRF of Afghanistan, which groups opposition forces loyal to local leader Ahmad Massoud, said Taliban forces reached the Darband heights on the border between Kapisa province and Panjshir but were pushed back
6 September 2021 NRF spokeperson tells France24 NRF still resisting in Panjshir province: 6 September 2021: NRF spokeperson tells France24 NRF still resisting in Panjshir province
Kapisa province: Kapisa province, the 29th of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan located in the north-east of the country, as the population of Kapisa is estimated to be 364,900, although there has never been an official estimate
History and economy of Kapisa: History of Kapisa - Economy of Kapisa province
Education in Kapisa province: Education in Kapisa province
Politics and security in Kapisa province: Politics and security in Kapisa province
Badakhshan province: Badakhshan province, the 30th of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the farthest north-eastern part of the country between Tajikistan and Pakistan-administered Gilgit-Baltistan region. It shares a 91-kilometer border with China, and is part of a broader historical Badakhshan region. The province contains 22 to 28 districts, over 1,200 villages and approximately 1,054,087 people. Fayzabad serves as the provincial capital.
Nuristan province: Nuristan province, the 31st of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the eastern part of the country. It is divided into seven districts and is Afghanistan's least populous province, with a population of around 167,000 people. Parun serves as the provincial capital. Nuristan is bordered on the south by Laghman and Kunar provinces, on the north by Badakhshan province, on the west by Panjshir province
Laghman province: Laghman province, the 32th of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the eastern part of the country. It has a population of about 502,148 citizens, which is multi-ethnic and mostly a rural society. The city of Mihtarlam serves as the capital of the province
Nangarhar province: Nangarhar province, the 33th of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the eastern part of the country and bordering Logar, Kabul, Laghman and Kunar provinces as well as an international border with Pakistan. It is divided into twenty-two districts and has a population of about 1,735,531 people, the third highest of the country's 34 provinces. The city of Jalalabad is the capital of Nangarhar province.
Nangarhar's 23 districts: Nangarhar divided into 23 districts
12 November 2021 deadly explosion has hit mosque in the Spin Ghar area: 12 November 2021: An explosion has hit a mosque in the Spin Ghar area of Nangarhar province in eastern Afghanistan during Friday prayers, wounding at least 12 people, as an unnamed Taliban official told the AFP news agency that the blast caused deaths and injuries, saying 'I can confirm a blast during Friday prayers inside a mosque in Spin Ghar district'
Jalalabad city: Jalalabad city, the fifth-largest city of Afghanistan. It has a population of about 356,274 citizens, and serves as the capital of Nangarhar Province in the eastern part of the country, about 130 km from the capital Kabul. Jalalabad is located at the junction of the Kabul River and the Kunar River in a plateau to the south of the Hindu Kush mountains. It is linked by highways with Kabul to the west and the Pakistani city of Peshawar to the east including through the Khyber Pass
20th century timeline and history of Jalalabad: 20th century timeline and history of Jalalabad
18 September 2021 at least 3 people killed and about 20 wounded in a series of blasts in Jalalabad: 18 September 2021: At least three people were killed and about 20 wounded in a series of blasts in the eastern Afghan city of Jalalabad on Saturday, two sources in the city said , as the fatalities occurred during a series of five blasts, the sources, who said they had received information from hospitals and eyewitnesses
Kunar province: Kunar province, the 34th of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the northeastern part of the country. Its capital is Asadabad. Its population is estimated to be 508,224 citizens. It is one of the four 'N2KL' provinces (Nangarhar Province, Nuristan Province, Kunar Province and Laghman Province). N2KL is the designation used by the USA and Coalition Forces in Afghanistan for the rugged and very violent region along the Afghanistan–Pakistan border opposite Pakistan's Federally Administered Tribal Areas, merged in 2018 with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Asadabad city: Asadabad city, the capital city of Kunar Province located in the eastern portion of the country adjacent to Pakistan, as the city is located within a valley at the confluence of the Pech River and Kunar River between two mountain ridgelines running along both sides of the valley from Northeast to Southwest. Asadabad is located about 13km northwest of the Pakistani border and 80 km northeast of Jalalabad, dealing with a moderate amount of trade goods. Nawa Pass about 16km south of Asadabad is the next major border crossing point north of the Khyber Pass for the region. The pass is under constant observation due to its relative ease to cross for commerce and its potential usage for smuggling and Taliban insurgents


Demographics of Afghanistan: Demographics of Afghanistan - the population of Afghanistan was estimated in 2017 at 29.2 million, 15 million males and 14.2 million females, about 22% of them are urbanite and the remaining 78% live in rural areas, an additional 3 million or so Afghans are temporarily housed in neighboring Pakistan and Iran
Ethnic groups in Afghanistan: Ethnic groups in Afghanistan, including Pashtun, Tajik, Hazara, Uzbek, Aimak, Turkmen, Baloch, Pashai, Nuristani, Gujjar, Arab, Brahui, Pamiri and some others - Ethnic groups in Afghanistan by province
Pashtuns: Pashtuns, an ethnic group who mainly live in Pakistan and Afghanistan, speaking the Pashto language and estimated to number around 50 million globally - Pashtun tribes are the tribes of the Pashtun people, a large Eastern Iranian ethnic group who use the Pashto language and follow Pashtunwali code of conduct, found primarily in Afghanistan and Pakistan and form the world's largest tribal society, comprising over 49 million people and between 350 and 400 tribes and clans, traditionally belonging to four tribal confederacies - Pashtunistan, meaning the 'land of Pashtuns', is the geographic historical region inhabited by the indigenous Pashtun people of modern-day Afghanistan and Pakistan, wherein Pashtun culture, language, and national identity have been based - Pashtun culture - Pashtun clothing
Tajik: Tajik, the second largest ethnic group in Afghanistan and a general designation for a wide range of native Persian-speaking people with current traditional homelands in present-day Tajikistan, Afghanistan and Uzbekistan - Tajik language - in Afghanistan, where Tajik people make up a large part of the population, this language is less influenced by Turkic languages, is called Dari, and has co-official language status
Hazaras: Hazaras, the third largest ethnic group in Afghanistan and an ethnic group native to the region of Hazarajat in central Afghanistan, speaking the Hazaragi variant of Dari, itself an eastern variety of Persian and one of the two official languages of Afghanistan - in the neighboring Pakistan Hazaras make up a significant minority group with a population of over 650,000–900,000 people largely living in the region of Quetta - Hazara tribes - Hazaragi dialect - Hazaragi culture - The persecution of Hazara people refers to the discrimination of the Hazaras, who are primarily from the central highland region of Hazarajat in Afghanistan, dating back to the 16th century - Hazara people have established a large diaspora which consists of many communities in different countries around the world as part of the later Afghan diaspora
27 October 2021 with a long history of persecution Hazaras fear the worst under new Taliban rule: 27 October 2021: While the Taliban and other armed groups are targeting and committing human rights violations against the people of Afghanistan, the Hazara ethnic and religious population is especially at high risk. The international community must pressure the Taliban to guarantee the protection of the rights of the Hazara people, to ensure a genocide against them does not take place
Uzbeks: Uzbeks, a Turkic ethnic group and the largest Turkic ethnic group in Central Asia, comprising the majority population of Uzbekistan but are also found as a minority group in Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Russia and China
Afghan diaspora: Afghan diaspora, citizens of Afghanistan who have immigrated to other countries, or people of Afghan origin who are born outside Afghanistan, traditionally the borders between Afghanistan and its southern and eastern neighbouring countries have been fluid and vagueand like other nations that were created by European empires
Culture and languages in Afghanistan: Culture of Afghanistan - Languages of Afghanistan
Music of Afghanistan: Music of Afghanistan
January 2013 Afghanistan's Music Institute helps revitalise ruined culture, giving children: 20 January 2013: Afghanistan's Institute of Music helps revitalise a ruined culture and gives children a chance to transform their lives
24 August 2021 as Taliban return, Afghanistan's female orchestra fears the future: 24 August 2021: As Taliban return, Afghanistan's female orchestra fears the future, as Zarifa Adiba who conducted Afghanistan's first all-female orchestra Zohra says 'with the Taliban's takeover, I fear we may never play our instruments again'
5 September 2021 Afghan musicians silently await their fate as Taliban’s ban looms: 5 September 2021: Afghan musicians silently await their fate as Taliban’s ban looms, as shutters have been down all along Kharabat Street, the storied heart of Afghan musical life, since the Taliban swept into Kabul in mid-August, and as musicians have taken their instruments home, or crammed them into store rooms, waiting to see if the group will do the unthinkable again, and ban music as they did 25 years ago
Women and women's rights in Afghanistan: Women in Afghanistan - Women's rights in Afghanistan
March 2012 Human Rights Watch report: Human Rights Watch report 28 March 2012: Imprisonment of Afghan women and girls for flight from unlawful forced marriage or domestic violence - 17. April: Laut Behördenberichten haben islamische Extremisten und Gegner von Mädchenschule 150 Mädchen an einer weiterführenden Schule mit kontaminiertem Wasser vergiftet und einige schwer verletzt - 5 July: Woman, children beheaded in Afghan 'dishonour killing' - 8 July: Taliban publicly execute woman accused of adultery in front of a crowd near Kabul - 11 July: Dozens of women, men and rights activists took to the streets of Kabul on Wednesday to protest over the recent public execution of an Afghan woman and to demand justice - 13 July: Female Afghan politician Hanifa Safi killed in a bomb attack in eastern Afghanistan - 24 July: Afghan cleric charged with raping 10-year-old schoolgirl - HRW 18 September: Free Women Jailed for ‘Running Away’ - 30 September: Violence stalks women workers in Afghanistan - 10 December: Afghan women's affairs official in Laghman province Nadia Sidiqi, just months after her predecessor was blown up by a bomb, shot dead by suspected Taliban - 11 December 2012: Afghan women victims of violence are still being failed by the justice system, according to a new UN report
2013 murdered daughter and police failing to do their job: 23 January 2013: After her daughter Khatera was threatened and then murdered, Anisa Azam sued the Afghan police for failing to do their job - 18 May: Afghanistan's parliament failed to pass a law on Saturday banning violence against women - 24 May: Women on Afghan frontlines to fight Taliban - 25 juin: Huit femmes et un enfant d'une même famille ont été tués par une bombe dans la province de Kandahar, alors qu'ils se rendaient à une cérémonie de fiançailles - 4 July: Afghan women's rights activists react with alarm after court reverses conviction in torture of young woman - 4 July: Helmand's top female police officer and mother of three Islam Bibi was killed on her way to work, after receiving death threats from Taliban and even from her family - 14 juillet 2013: À l'école de Dah Yaya des filles apprennent à dire 'non' aux choix qui leur sont imposés - 20 July: One of President Karzai's main religious advisers will not overturn a decree issued by clerics in the north reimposing Taliban-style curbs on women - 13 August: Taliban kidnapped female MP Fariba Ahmadi Kakar who was travelling by car through Afghanistan's central Ghazni province with her children - 5/6 Septembe: Suspected Taliban militants shot dead the Indian author Sushmita Banerjee, married to Afghan businessman Jaanbaz Khan in the Paktika province, running a health clinic and writer of a popular book about her dramatic escape from the Taliban in the 90s, saying 'The way I fought against Taliban, every woman should too' - 16 September: Gunmen shot the top female police officer Negar in Helmand province - 17 September: An unpublished UN report on female police officers in Afghanistan found accounts of pervasive sexual assault and harassment by their male colleagues - 10 December: Police rescue woman from Taliban stoning to death - 19 December: Alarm rises for Afghan women prisoners after Western troops leave
2014 violent crimes against women in Afghanistan: 4 January: Violent crime against women in Afghanistan hit record levels and became increasingly brutal in 2013, the head of its human rights commission Sima Samar says - 8 March: Herat marks International Women’s Day by launching the first Herat International Women’s Film Festival
2015 bomb attack and more violence: 16 February: Popular female politician Angiza Shinwari in east Afghanistan died in hospital following a bomb attack on her vehicle - 23 March 2015: Afghani woman beaten to death by mob was falsely accused of burning Quran - 23 March 2015: Family of Afghan woman Farkhunda, killed by a mob triggered by a mullah in front of Kabul’s Shah-Do Shamshira mosque where she worked as a religious teacher and urged by Kabul police chief 'You have to confirm' that Farkhunda was mentally ill, take comfort from tide of outrage - 6 May 2015: Afghan judge sentences four to death over mob killing of Afghan woman Farkhunda - 3 November 2015: A video has emerged of an Afghan woman, married against her will and stoned to death in Ghalmeen - 28 décembre 2015: Une bénévole travaillant pour une campagne d'éradication de la poliomyélite en Afghanistan a été abattue par deux inconnus circulant à moto, et sa petite-fille a été blessée dans l'agression
April 2019 interpretation of religious law and punishments: 18 April 2019: Amid an increase of violent punishments given to those violating its strict interpretation of religious law, one of four women who was recently subjected to a brutal public lashing by armed Taliban fighters in Afghanistan has spoken about her experience, after she was rounded up by the Taliban’s shadow police for being out of her house without her husband, not being fully veiled and was beaten so badly she lost consciousness
May 2019 terrorism against women: 8 May 2019: The Taliban have killed at least five people in a suicide attack on the offices of a USA aid group in the heart of the Afghan capital, claiming it targeted 'Counterpart International' because it promoted women 'mixing' with men - 11 May 2019: Afghan journalist and political adviser Mena Mangal was shot dead in south-east Kabul in an attack in broad daylight and in a public place, prompting an outpouring of grief and anger from women’s rights activists, directed at authorities who had left her unprotected in the face of threats
May 2020 terrorist attack on a maternity hospital in Kabul: 13 May 2020: Afghan officials raised the death from the terrorist attack on a maternity hospital in Kabul's Dashti Barchi the previous day, saying that 24 people were killed, including two newborn babies, their mothers and an unspecified number of nurses - 19 May 2020: Nineteen-year-old Soraya Ameri had just given birth when gunmen stormed the ward, later recounting her escape and the desperate search for her daughter
21 July 2020 in self defense Afghan girl shot dead three Taliban assailants: 21 July 2020: In self defense Afghan girl shot dead three Taliban fighters after they killed her parents because they supported the government, according to local officials saying the incident happened last week when a group of 40 assailants stormed the village of Geriveh, in central Ghor province, where 16-year-old Qamar Gul was living with her parents and brother
16 August 2020 female Afghan peace negotiator Fawzia Koofi wounded in assassination bid: 16 August 2020: Women’s rights activist Fawzia Koofi, a member of the team negotiating a deal with the Taliban, wounded in an assassination attempt, while returning from a visit to the northern province of Parwan, where she began her political career since 2001, working with Unicef to protect children from violence, exploitation and abuse
10 December 2020 gunmen killed TV journalist and rights activist Malalai Maiwand in Jalalabad: 10 December 2020: Gunmen have shot and killed TV journalist and women’s rights activist Malalai Maiwand in Afghanistan along with her driver Mohammad Tahir in Jalalabad, in an incident that underscored increasing violence against journalists in the country
24 December 2020 female Afghan colonel who survived the Taliban's assassins says 'I am not afraid to fight’: 24 December 2020: Saba Sahar, who returned fire while protecting her daughter, survived one of a wave of recent Taliban's assassination attempts that have killed six policewomen
2 March 2021 three female media workers shot dead in Afghanistan: 2 March 2021: Three female media workers shot dead in Afghanistan, as broadcaster Enikass TV confirms deaths of three workers in two separate attacks in Jalalabad, the latest in a string of targeted assassinations that are increasingly overshadowing USA-brokered attempts to negotiate an end to the country’s war, as Taliban have denied responsibility for most of the killings, but they have been widely seen as a powerful campaign to demoralise their critics
4 July 2021 public flogging of woman in Obe district captured on video quickly went viral since spring: 4 July 2021: The public flogging in Obe district, captured on video, quickly went viral this spring, and as the footage spread between urban Afghans, who shared it on their smartphones, it revived memories of darker times when the militants ruled the country, now seeing men with lashes taking turns to bear down on a woman visibly bracing, even under her burqa, against the blows, and by the end screaming out in pain, as an audience of men and boys watched, snapped photos and videos
6/7 July 2021 AAN's 'Between Hope and Fear. Rural Afghan women talk about peace and war’, as women in north and central regions stage demonstrations: 6 July 2021: As many Afghans are seeing their fears about the fallout from the ill-considered USA-driven peace process come true, Afghanistan Analysts Network AAN's new special publication 'Between Hope and Fear. Rural Afghan women talk about peace and war’ provides a poignant and authentic report to what is happening, as large parts of the country are currently contested or have recently changed hands (again) after many decennies of intimidation, disadvantage, oppression, violence, war and terrorism - 7 July 2021: Armed Afghan women take to streets in show of defiance against Taliban
27 August 2021 France24’s report focusing on August's plight of women in Afghanistan and future: 27 August 2021: France24’s first edition of new series focusing on the plight of women in Afghanistan, as tens of thousands seek to flee the nation, as the UN has already reports of abuse by the Taliban especially when it comes to restricting women and girls - 27 août 2021: L'avenir des femmes afghanes est plus qu'incertain depuis l'arrivée des Taliban, comme l'expliquent dans ce reportage exclusif Cyril Payen et Catherine Norris-Trent, envoyés spéciaux de France24
1 September 2021 women in Afghanistan fear a return to a repressive past under Taliban rule: 1 September 2021: Women in Afghanistan fear a return to a repressive past again under Taliban rule, as Afghan refugee Zahra Sultani in Canada and Senior Consultant at Loyalist Public Affairs shares her gripping story as a young Afghan refugee
18 October 2021 Afghan female judges forced into hiding under Taliban rule, now also 'Al Jazeera' reports: 18 October 2021: Female judge Naima (name changed to protect identity) presided over cases of violence against women in Afghanistan. She heard harrowing accounts of unspeakable violence from battered women and their families. She even saw a man kill his wife before her own eyes during a court hearing. But in the two months since the Taliban takeover of Afghanistan, she asks 'why didn’t I choose any other discipline' in an undisclosed location in capital Kabul, like hundreds of other judges hiding shortly after the Taliban took control. The judges had reasons to be afraid. During its 11-day rampage through Afghanistan’s 34 provinces, the Taliban released thousands of prisoners from the nation’s jails. Among them were possibly men who judges such as Naima had personally sentenced, and who might have ended up joining the Taliban government.
17 November 2021 BBC journalist spoke to Afghan female judges fearing for colleagues left behind: 17 November 2021: BBC Newsnight's Sima Kotecha spoke exclusively to Afghan female judges who have just arrived in the UK, fearing for colleagues left behind, as under Taliban rule, female judges in Afghanistan have reportedly been tortured and received death threats, as hundreds were now forced into hiding, worried that those they'd convicted would now come to seek their revenge after being released from prison
1 July 2022 situation for women desperate in Afghanistan UN's Human Rights Council has heard: 1 July 2022: The situation for women is so desperate in Afghanistan that they are committing suicide at a rate of one or two every day, UN's Human Rights Council has heard, as Fawzia Koofi, former deputy speaker of the Afghan Parliament, said lack of opportunity and ailing mental health, was taking a terrible toll, as UN human rights chief Michelle Bachelet condemned the massive unemployment of women, stating despite 'assurances, we are witnessing the progressive exclusion of women and girls from the public sphere and their institutionalised, systematic oppression'
2 July 2022 UN rights chief slams ‘progressive exclusion’ of Afghan women from public sphere: 2 July 2022: UN rights chief slams ‘progressive exclusion’ of Afghan women from public sphere
23 December 2022 Taliban minister defends closing universities to women as global backlash grows: 23 December 2022: The minister of higher education in Afghanistan’s Taliban government has defended his decision to ban women from universities, a decree that triggered a global backlash and protests inside the country. Female university students were turned away from campuses on Wednesday and the higher education ministry said their access would be suspended 'until further notice', as dozens of women gathered outside Kabul University on Thursday to protest in the first major public demonstration in the capital since the decision. In the capital, about two dozen women marched in the streets, chanting for freedom and equality. 'All or none. Don’t be afraid. We are together,' they chanted, as AP reported that Taliban forces used violence to disperse the group.
24 December 2022 Taliban stop women from working for aid organisations: 24 December 2022: Afghanistan’s Taliban-run administration has ordered all local and foreign non-governmental organisations to stop female employees from coming to work, according to a letter from the economy ministry. The letter, the contents of which were confirmed by economy ministry spokesperson Abdulrahman Habib, said female employees of NGOs were not allowed to work until further notice
4 July 2023 Taliban regime ordered beauty salons to close: 4 July 2023: The Taliban regime in Afghanistan has ordered beauty salons to close within a month, the morality ministry said, in the latest shrinking of access to public places for Afghan women
19 July 2023 'work, food, freedom’ - Afghan women protest beauty parlour ban: 19 July 2023: Taliban forces in Kabul have dispersed a demonstration by dozens of women protesting against their order to shut down beauty parlours, the latest curb to squeeze them out of public life. The Taliban forces used fire hoses, tasers and shot their guns into the air to break up the protest in the Afghan capital on Wednesday.
27 August 2023 Taliban will stop Afghan women from visiting national park: 27 August 2023: Taliban will stop Afghan women from visiting national park, as ministry alleges that women have not been observing the proper way to wear the hijab, or Islamic headscarf, when going to Band-e-Amir in the central Bamiyan province
2 September 2024 Afghan women sing in defiance of Taliban laws silencing their voices: 2 September 2024: Afghan women, both inside and outside the country, have posted videos of themselves singing in protest against the Taliban’s laws banning women’s voices in public. Afghan women began pushing back. Across the country, women began uploading videos of themselves singing, in defiance of the Taliban’s systematic efforts to erase women from the public sphere. “No command, system or man can close the mouth of an Afghan woman,” one 23-year-old said after posting her own video. The 39-second video showed her singing outdoors. The song she sang had been carefully chosen for its lyrics, which spoke of protest and strength. “I am not that weak willow that trembles in every wind,” she sang. “I am from Afghanistan.”
Children in Afghanistan: Childhood in Afghanistan - Child marriage in Afghanistan - according to Unicef, 57% of girls in Afghanistan are married before they are 19, in fact the most common ages for girls to get married are 15 and 16
2012/2013: 10 February 2012: Hamid Karzai accuses NATO on Thursday of killing eight children in a coalition airstrike in eastern Afghanistan - 31 August 2012: The decapitated bodies of a 7-year-old girl and a 12-year-old boy found in the country's south and east - 6 September 2012: Third of children in Afghan south acutely malnourished - 10 June 2013: Taliban fighters beheaded two boys aged 10 and 16 as a warning to villagers not to cooperate with the Afghan government - 19 July: A bomb killed five young children and a woman when it exploded after being made at the home of a Taliban commander in eastern Afghanistan
2014 Afghan girls refuse to become Taliban suicide bomber: 8 January 2014: 10-year-old Afghan girl Spozhmai who says her brother sought to use her as a suicide bomber is asking President Karzai to find her a new home - 13 January: Afghan girl Spozhmai told journalists how her family forced her to attack a police checkpoint with a suicide vest
February 2016 10-year-old Wasil Ahmad murdered: 3 February 2016: 10-year-old Afghan Wasil Ahmad, who fought the Taliban alongside his uncle on many occasions, has been shot dead by insurgents near his home in Tirin Kot, capital of the southern Uruzgan province, while on his way to school
February 2017 923 children killed in 2016: 6 February 2017: 923 children killed and 2,589 injured in Afghanistan in 2016, as Isis expands operations, according to the UN, which has documented 11,418 civilian casualties, including 3,498 deaths
September 2018 murdered children in blasts: 22 September 2018: At least eight children killed and six more wounded in blast in Shirin Tagab district in northern Faryab province, Afghan official says - 23 septembre 2018: Huit enfants, dont quatre de la même famille, ont été tués dans le nord-ouest de l'Afghanistan quand l'obus de mortier avec lequel ils jouaient a explosé
August 2019: 12 August 2019: Children across Afghanistan continue to live on the frontlines, and sometimes get caught in the middle of it all, saying 'I know how to use a gun', as UN recorded 927 child deaths and 2,135 injuries in 2018 and in the first half of 2019 327 killed children and 880 wounded
November 2019 mine explosion: 2 November 2019: 9 Afghan children were killed on Saturday when a mine exploded as they walked to school, police said, happening in the northeastern province of Takhar, where 'the Taliban have planted anti-personnel mines'
21 August 2021 no shoes, spare clothes or money - traumatised Afghan children stranded for weeks in hotels: 21 August 2021: Child refugees from Afghanistan are being held by the Home Office in hotels for weeks on end without shoes, spare clothes, money or access to healthcare, embarrassing the home secretary, who promised to help people fleeing the Taliban
4 October 2021 Afghan children hiding under moving lorries to smuggle and earn money: 4 October 2021: Hundreds of Afghan children – some as young as seven or eight years old – are risking their lives to smuggle sweets and cigarettes into neighbouring countries, hiding under lorries to cross national borders in the hope they'll be able to get money for their families in exchange for these and other small, saleable items, as international aid organisations warn of a humanitarian catastrophe in Afghanistan, where the conflict has uprooted many children from their homes and then forced into labour, BBC’s Shumaila Jaffery reports
15 December 2021 Afghan children's, women’s rights after Taliban takeover: 15 December 2021: Afghan children ask 'Daddy, when can I go back to school? I don’t want to sit here any more'
31 March 2022 amid dire economic situation ‘people selling babies, young girls to survive’: 31 March 2022: In Afghanistan, ‘people selling babies, young girls to survive’, as the dire economic situation sees children dying of starvation and millions of Afghans struggle to put food on their tables
8 August 2022 Afghan newborns fighting for survival after a year of Taliban rule: 8 August 2022: The newborns fighting for survival in Afghanistan, as - a year into Taliban rule - the number of newborn deaths and miscarriages in Badakhshan province have nearly doubled, and foreign funding which financed Afghanistan’s public healthcare was frozen in August last year. BBC's correspondent Yogita Limaye has spent time in maternity wards there, witnessing the unbearable suffering of women with no access to pain relief, forced to share beds, and an acute shortage of doctors. Some babies are beating the odds, and surviving, but tragically many are not.
14 August 2022 Afghan human rights after Taliban takeover in August 2021: 14 August 2022: Child marriage, lack of education, financial desperation – a year on from the Taliban takeover, what does the future hold for women and girls, Canadian freelance journalist Robyn Huang asks
24 November 2022 Afghan parents at the end of 2022 say 'I drug my hungry children to help them sleep': 24 November 2022: Afghans are giving their hungry children medicines to sedate them, others have sold their daughters and organs to survive. In the second winter since the Taliban took over and foreign funds were frozen, millions are a step away from famine. 'Our children keep crying, and they don't sleep. We have no food', Abdul Wahab said adding 'so we go to the pharmacy, get tablets and give them to our children so that they feel drowsy'. He lives just outside Herat, the country's third largest city, in a settlement of thousands of little mud houses that has grown over decades, filled with people displaced and battered by war and natural disasters.
Education in Afghanistan: Education in Afghanistan - Category: Education in Afghanistan
6 December 2023 Taliban causing ‘irreversible damage’ to whole education system in Afghanistan: 6 December 2023: Taliban causing ‘irreversible damage’ to whole education system in Afghanistan through the reintroduction of corporal punishment, curriculum changes and the use of unqualified teachers to replace women, most of whom have been barred from schools, Human Rights Watch has warned. After taking power in 2021, the Taliban banned girls from secondary schools. A new HRW report warns that boys’ education has also suffered under the Taliban, although this has gone largely unreported. HRW said the ban on female teachers had left a gap that had been filled by unqualified men and had reduced the range of subjects being taught.
Schools in Afghanistan: List of schools in Afghanistan - List of schools in Kabul
October 2012 rising number of girls in schools: 16 October 2012: The number of girls enrolled in education in 2010 was 79%, up from 4% in 1999 during Taliban rule, Unesco says
October 2020 an estimated 3.7 million school-aged children are still out of school: 8 October 2020: Nearly half of war-torn Afghanistan’s 18,000 schools lack proper buildings and an estimated 3.7 million school-aged children are still out of school despite massive investment in the country’s education sector, the World Bank says
16 March 2021 government indecisive after ban on schoolgirls singing in Afghanistan met with protest: 16 March 2021: Afghanistan’s Ministry of Education appears to be backtracking on a decision to impose a nationwide singing ban on schoolgirls, after women take to social media to sing in defiance under #IAmMySong hashtag
19 October 2021 Nobel Prize laureate Malala Yousafzai urging the Taliban to lift their ban on girls' education: 19 October 2021: Nobel Prize laureate Malala Yousafzai is urging the Taliban to lift their ban on girls' education in Afghanistan, as the Pakistani activist for female education told BBC World News the current temporary ban might last for years, and as the world's youngest Nobel Prize laureate known for human rights advocacy, especially the education of women and children in her native Swat Valley in northwest Pakistan, where the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan had at times banned girls from attending school and where on 9 October 2012 a Taliban gunman shot Yousafzai - 15 years old at the time - as she rode home on a bus after taking an exam in Swat Valley
23 March 2022 Taliban have reversed decision to allow Afghan girls to return to high schools: 23 March 2022: Taliban have reversed a decision to allow Afghan girls to return to high schools, as schools were set to open after months of restrictions after the Taliban seized power last August, but a notice from the education ministry said schools would continue to remain closed, causing confusion, causing anger and disappointment to the last-minute move, as girls in Kabul cried while talking about being prevented from entering the classroom, urging the 'Islamic Emirate' to reopen all girls’ schools across the country., the 'BBC' reports
18 September 2022 UN denounces exclusion of Afghan girls from school: 18 September 2022: The UN has called for Afghanistan’s Taliban rulers to reopen schools to girls in classes seven to 12, calling the anniversary of their exclusion from high school 'shameful', estimating more than one million girls have been barred from attending high school over the past year
Universities and colleges in Afghanistan: Universities and colleges in Afghanistan - List of universities in Afghanistan
October 2019 Ghazni university bombing: 8 October 2019: A bomb has gone off inside a classroom in eastern Ghazni province, wounding at least 19 university students according to an Afghan official, saying 12 of the wounded are female students of the Ghazni University, adding that two of the wounded are in critical condition
2 November 2020 at least 19 people dead after gunmen storm Kabul University: 2 November 2020 Kabul University attack - 2 November 2020: Gunmen have stormed Kabul University as it was hosting a book fair attended by the Iranian ambassador to Afghanistan, leading to a gun battle lasting several hours and leaving at least 19 people dead and 22 wounded
14 November 2020 Kabul University attack linked with Taliban: 14 novembre 2020: L’insurgé qui avait planifié l’assaut contre l’université de la capitale afghane le 2 novembre, recruté par un groupe lié aux talibans, a été interpellé
29 May 2021 a roadside bomb struck a minivan full of university staff in northern Kapisa province: 29 May 2021: A roadside bomb has struck a minivan full of university staff in Afghanistan’s northern Kapisa province, killing 3 teachers and wounding 15 others, as officials say vehicle carrying university staff targeted in Kapisa, with bomb set off remotely
Health in Afghanistan: Health in Afghanistan
2014 Afghanistan's public health issues and concerns according to WHO: WHO 2014: Afghanistan's public health issues and concerns
May 2019 health chief tortured by Taliban: 23 May 2019: Afghan public health chief Dr Mohammad Haqmal, who developed groundbreaking health initiatives in Aghanistan, granted refugee status and settles in UK after being kidnapped and tortured by the Taliban
Medical outbreaks and disasters in Afghanistan: Medical outbreaks in Afghanistan - Disasters in Afghanistan - Man-made disasters in Afghanistan - Wars involving Afghanistan - Terrorism in Afghanistan
Since February 2020 Chinese coronavirus pandemic in Afghanistan: Since February 2020 Chinese coronavirus pandemic in Afghanistan - Timeline of the 2020 coronavirus pandemic in Afghanistan since February
Since December 2019 developing and rising global - incl. Afghanistan - covid-19 cases: Since December 2019 ongoing and rising global covid-19 cases especially reported by the Israeli newspaper 'Haaretz', detailed by country by USA's 'Johns Hopkins University', by the British newspaper 'The Guardian' and others
31 March 2020 196 confirmed covid-19 cases and four victims: 31 March 2020: 196 confirmed covid-19 cases in Afghanistan, as 4 people have died of the coronavirus so far and five others have recovered
1 April 2020 covid-19 cases increase, shortages and panic buying: 1 April 2020: As coronavirus cases have shot up in Afghanistan in the last few days, approaching 200, country has been hit by a spike in prices of essential goods including food and medicines, and shortages and panic buying increase in the face of a rising coronavirus threat, limited ability to test and health official's fear that the situation is more serious than it seems
2 May 2020 amid covid-19 watchdog warns of impending health disaster: 2 May 2020: In a country already beset by huge problems as watchdog warns of impending health disaster, after the main hospital in southern Afghanistan's Zabul was abandoned following a Taliban attack last September, destroying most of the building and killing nearly 40 people, desperate medics reveal the challenge of fighting covid-19
Since October 2020 timeline of covid-19 pandemic in Afghanistan: Since October 2020 timeline of the covid-19 pandemic in Afghanistan
Healthcare in Afghanistan: Healthcare in Afghanistan
Since 2003 maternal and child health care in Afghanistan: Since 2003 maternal and child health care in Afghanistan - Afghanistan Midwifery Project, a non-profit organization that is dedicated to helping the women of Afghanistan through childbirth, and other women's health issues, as Afghanistan currently rests near the bottom of the World Health Organization's list for infant mortality rates, child birth fatalities, and prenatal care
21st century hospitals in Afghanistan: List of hospitals in Afghanistan, as in 2004/2017 there are 117 government-run hospitals in Afghanistan and a number of private or internationally-administered hospitals, according to Afghan Ministry of Health
History of healthcare in Afghanistan: History of healthcare in Afghanistan
Since 1978/79 efforts to build a public health system: Since 1978/79 reforms including the building of a public health system, introduction of compulsory schooling, especially for girls
Since 1995 Taleban forces restrictions against women's rights, also leading to a denial of adequate health care: Since 1995 the Taleban forces have imposed severe restrictions against women's rights, also leading to a denial of adequate health care, as failure of the Mujahideen groups to agree to power-sharing arrangements changed Afghanistan and lawlessness spread all over the country
In 2006 an estimated 800,000 Afghans disabled, infant, child, and maternal mortality rates reached the highest in the world: In 2006 an estimated 800,000 Afghans are disabled, infant, child, and maternal mortality rates in Afghanistan reached the highest in the world, by some estimates as high as 275 per 1,000, as in rural areas, one in six children reportedly die before reaching age five because of poor sanitation and insufficient potable water supply, infectious and parasitic diseases such as malaria. diarrhea are very common, as malnutrition and poor nutrition also are pervasive
April 2014 WHO responds to health needs following floods in Afghanistan: 30 April 2014: WHO responds to health needs following floods in Afghanistan, as one of the major health concerns during floods is the risk of communicable disease due to interruptions in safe water and sanitation services
February 2014 medical care severely limited: 25 February 2014: Despite years of aid, medical care in Afghanistan remains severely limited as casualty rates from violence climb, according to MSF report
October 2015 bombing of MSF hospital in Kundus: 3 October 2015 bombing of Médecins Sans Frontières hospital in Kunduz - 5 October 2015: After the USA air attack on the MSF hospital in Kunduz killed 22 people, 'no young Afghan doctor is going to risk their life and travel to the provinces to work'
May 2019 health chief kidnapped and tortured by Taliban: 23 May 2019: Afghan public health chief Dr Mohammad Haqmal, who developed groundbreaking health initiatives in Aghanistan, granted refugee status and settles in UK after being kidnapped and tortured by the Taliban
2 May 2020 watchdog warns of impending health disaster amid covid-19: 2 May 2020: After the main hospital in southern Afghanistan's Zabul was abandoned following a Taliban attack last September, destroying most of the building and killing nearly 40 people, desperate medics reveal the challenge of fighting covid-19 in a country already beset by huge problems as watchdog warns of impending health disaster
12 May 2020 gunmen stormed a maternity hospital in Kabul: 12 May 2020: Gunmen stormed maternity Dasht-e-Barchi hospital in the western part of Kabul, setting off a shootout with the police and killing people as Afghan forces carried out newborn babies and their mothers to evacuate the facility under fire - 12 May 2020: Newborn babies among dead in attack on Kabul maternity hospital by gunmen also throwing grenades, as at least 13 killed and dozens evacuated
22 December 2020 5 civilians including 4 doctors killed in Kabul bombing: 22 décembre 2020: Au moins cinq personnes, dont quatre médecins travaillant dans une prison où sont détenus des centaines de talibans, ont été tués mardi à Kaboul dans l’explosion d’une bombe placée sous leur voiture, selon la police
30 March 2021 three female health workers shot dead in east Afghanistan: 30 March 2021: Three female health workers shot dead in east Afghanistan, as killings of polio vaccination officials in Jalalabad coincided with an explosion at its health department
20 September 2021 fixing lives and limbs through decades of war in Afghanistan in an orthopaedic centre in Kabul: 20 September 2021: Fixing lives and limbs through decades of war in Afghanistan, as for more than 30 years, an orthopaedic centre in Kabul staffed by its former patients has given hope to Afghans caught in conflict
28 September 2021 medics overwhelmed as Afghanistan healthcare crumbles, as hundreds of health facilities have shut their doors: 28 September 2021: Medics overwhelmed as Afghanistan healthcare crumbles, as hundreds of health facilities have shut their doors to patients since aid money to Afghanistan was halted amid a mounting humanitarian crisis, 'Al Jazeera' Federica Marsi reports
Sport in Afghanistan: Sport in Afghanistan - Sport in Afghanistan by city
Sport in Afghanistan by sport: Sport in Afghanistan by sport - Sports competitions in Afghanistan
Women's sport in Afghanistan: Women's sport in Afghanistan
8 September 2021 Afghan women to be banned from playing sport, Taliban say: 8 September 2021: Afghan women, including the country’s women’s cricket team, will be banned from playing sport under the new Taliban government, according to an official in the hardline Islamist group, as in an interview with the Australian broadcaster SBS, the deputy head of the Taliban’s cultural commission, Ahmadullah Wasiq, said women’s sport was considered neither appropriate nor necessary
Women's football in Afghanistan: Women's football in Afghanistan, as football in Afghanistan has traditionally been played by men and as women were prevented from participating in sports
August 2007 Afghanistan women's international football team is travelling abroad for the first time: 16 August 2007: Afghanistan women's international football team is travelling abroad for the first time to join Pakistani teams in a series of friendly matches, as - like many other sports in Afghanistan 15 years ago - football has regained a popularity which was dampened during the five years of Taleban rule.
2022 - 15 years later - Afghanistan women's football team in Melbourne after fleeing their home: 5 February 2022: For the first time since fleeing their home and finding sanctuary in Australia, Afghanistan women's international football team are taking their battle for equality onto the field in Melbourne, after in August 2021 heir existence as female footballers had made them a target, and their safety could not be assured as the Taliban seized control of the country and reimposed their strict interpretation of Sharia law
Media of Afghanistan: Media of Afghanistan
March 2014 journalists against Taliban after assault on Kabul hotel killing 9 civilians (local journalist, his wife and two young children): 21 March 2014: Afghan journalists boycott Taliban coverage following the assault on Kabul’s Serena Hotel killing nine civilians, including a local journalist, his wife and two young children - 23 March 2014: Hundreds of journalists and international media organisations are enforcing a voluntary ban on broadcasting Taliban attacks, after Taliban murdered nine innocent civilians including five and three-year-old children in Kabul
29 September 2021 Afghan journalists fear new Taliban media rules: 29 September 2021: Afghan journalists fear new Taliban media rules, as journalists, rights workers, worried that 11 new directives issued by the Taliban may lead to censorship of the media
23 November 2021 Afghan journalists decry Taliban rules restricting role of women on TV: 23 November 2021: Afghan journalists and rights activists have condemned 'religious guidelines' issued by the Taliban that restrict the role of women in television, as the Islamists move to muzzle the media, the British 'Guardian' reports
22 May 2022 Taliban enforce face coverings for Afghanistan’s female news presenters: 22 May 2022: Afghanistan’s Taliban rulers have begun enforcing an order requiring all female TV news presenters in the country to cover their faces while on air, as part of a hardline shift that has drawn condemnation from rights activists
Newspapers in Afghanistan: Newspapers in Afghanistan
Internet in Afghanistan: Internet in Afghanistan
Broadcasting in Afghanistan: Radio stations in Afghanistan - Television in Afghanistan
November 2017 TV station attack: 7 November 2017: Gunmen have attacked a private television station in Kabul after breaking into the building following an explosion following series of recent attacks by the Taliban and Isis in Afghan capital
31 May 2020 Islamic State bombing attack targeting Khurshid TV: 31 mai 2020: Deux employés d'une télévision afghane tués par une bombe, revendiquée par le groupe État Islamique qui a frappé un minibus transportant 15 employés de Khurshid TV
Since 2001 list of killed journalists in Afghanistan: List of journalists killed during the War in Afghanistan (2001–present)
January-April 2014 murdered journalists: 24 January 2014: Journalist Noor Ahmed Noori, working for radio station in Afghanistan, found burned and mutilated inside a bag in Helmand province - On 11 March 2014 Swedish journalist Nils Horner shot dead in a street in Kabul in execution-style - 11 March 2014: Swedish journalist Nils Horner, who also had British citizenship, was shot to death on Tuesday while he was talking to a translator on a street in Kabul - 12 March 2014: Taliban splinter group says it killed British-Swedish reporter Nils Horner - 21 March 2014: Afghan journalists boycott Taliban coverage after Kabul hotel attack kills reporter Sardar Ahmad and children - 4 April 2014: A gunman in Afghan police uniform shot two foreign journalists in eastern Khost province killing photographer Anja Niedringhaus and injuring reporter Kathy Gannon
April 2018 ten journalists killed in Kabul: 30 April 2018: Ten journalists among 36 killed in Afghanistan attacks, as nine journalists killed while reporting on first of twin blasts in Kabul
May 2019 assassination of Mena Mangal: 11/12 May 2019: Afghan journalist and political adviser to the parliament's cultural affairs commission Mina Mangal was shot dead in south-east Kabul in an attack by two unidentified men on a motorbike in broad daylight and in a public place, prompting an outpouring of grief and anger from women’s rights activists, directed at authorities who had left her unprotected in the face of threats
10 December 2020 gunmen killed TV journalist and rights activist Malalai Maiwand in Jalalabad: 10 December 2020: Gunmen have shot and killed TV journalist and women’s rights activist Malalai Maiwand in Afghanistan along with her driver Mohammad Tahir in Jalalabad, in an incident that underscored increasing violence against journalists in the country
1 January 2021 journalist dies in Afghanistan as targeted killings continue: 1 January 2021: Afghan journalist and human rights activist Bismillah Adil Aimaq has been shot and killed by unidentified gunmen in western Afghanistan near Ghor's provincial capital of Feroz Koh, returning home to the city after visiting his family, the fifth journalist to be killed in the war-ravaged country in the past two months, a provincial spokesman said, as violence increases amid stalled Taliban peace talks
21 August 2021 Afghanistan's media under Taliban rule, BBC Monitoring reports: 21 August 2021: How Afghanistan's media is changing under Taliban rule, BBC Monitoring reports taking a look at what Afghan people are seeing on their TV screens


Human Rights in Afghanistan: Human rights in Afghanistan
March 2015 rights group accuses Afghanistan officials of allowing extrajudicial killings, brutal practices: 3 March 2015: Rights group accuses high-ranking officials in Afghanistan of allowing extrajudicial killings and brutal practices to flourish after fall of Taliban
February 2019 Afghans concerned over possible retreat of NATO: 3 février 2019: Les Afghanes sont très inquiètes pour leurs droits et leur liberté après les accords de paix négociés avec les talibans et l'annonce d'un possible retrait des troupes de l'Otan, évoqué lors des pourparlers entre Etats-Unis et insurgés
20 July 2022 new UN report confirms erosion of human rights since the Taliban takeover: 20 July 2022: A new report from the UN Mission in Afghanistan released on Wednesday, confirms the erosion of basic human rights across the country since the Taliban takeover in August last year, pointing out they bear responsibility for extrajudicial killings, torture, arbitrary arrests and detentions, and violations of fundamental freedoms.
Torture in Afghanistan: Torture in Afghanistan - Bagram torture and prisoner abuse
11 October 2011 UN finds 'systematic' torture in Afghanistan: 11 October 2011: UN finds 'systematic' torture in Afghanistan
20 January 2013 UN says torture in Afghan prisons continues to be widespread: 20 January 2013: The UN says torture in Afghan prisons continues to be widespread despite its recommendations in a similar report in 2011 - 'few investigations and no prosecutions for those responsible'
1 June 2013 Britain must investigate torture in Iraq, Afghanistan, UN says: 1 June 2013: Britain must investigate torture in Iraq, Afghanistan, UN says
May 2019 health chief tortured by Taliban: 23 May 2019: Afghan public health chief Dr Mohammad Haqmal, who developed groundbreaking health initiatives in Aghanistan, granted refugee status and settles in UK after being kidnapped and tortured by the Taliban
21 August 2021 Afghanistan reports of torture and killing contradict Taliban’s promises, as Islamists tortured Hazara men to death: 21 August 2021: Afghanistan reports of torture and killing contradict Taliban’s promises, as Islamists tortured Hazara men to death, say witnesses, and relative of journalist killed, with reports of the Taliban going door to door searching for people who worked with the former Afghan government or western countries, as claims have also emerged of Taliban fighters torturing and killing members of an ethnic minority in Afghanistan after overrunning their village last month
Religion and freedom of religion in Afghanistan: Religion in Afghanistan - Islam in Afghanistan - Buddhism in Afghanistan - Freedom of religion in Afghanistan
2015: 23 March 2015: Afghani woman beaten to death by mob was falsely accused of burning Quran - 23 March 2015: Family of Afghan woman Farkhunda, killed by a mob triggered by a mullah in front of Kabul’s Shah-Do Shamshira mosque where she worked as a religious teacher and urged by Kabul police chief 'You have to confirm' that Farkhunda was mentally ill, take comfort from tide of outrage - 6 May 2015: Afghan judge sentences four to death over mob killing of Afghan woman Farkhunda
Ideology of Taliban: Ideology of Taliban - Taliban propaganda
Since 1994 mass murder in the name of 'Allah': Terrorism in Afghanistan
Since 1994 Taliban violence against women: Taliban treatment of women
April 2013 Taliban's punishment with amputations: 21 April 2013: Taliban punished two Afghans with amputations, police and one of the victims said
8 September 2019 Taliban threats: 8 September 2019: Taliban warns of more USA dead after Trump says he cancelled peace talks, asking 'what kind of people would kill so many in order to seemingly strengthen their bargaining position', following a rising number of Taliban terror attacks in 2019, killing many civilians and USA soldiers ahead of September presidential election
18 September 2019 Taliban death threats against democrats, students and education workers: 18 September 2019: Afghanistan's Taliban terrorist group on Wednesday warned teachers, students and other education workers to avoid the upcoming presidential vote or risk dying in attacks on election centres
2 March 2020 terrorist group Taliban ends truce and peace in Afghanistan: 2 mars 2020: Les talibans ont annoncé lundi mettre un terme à la trêve partielle instaurée le 22 février et reprendre leur offensive contre les forces de sécurité afghanes, un attentat a fait au moins trois morts et 11 blessés
24 June 2021 Afghans who helped Australia at risk after receiving Taliban ‘night letters’ former Dfat adviser says: 24 June 2021: A former Australian foreign affairs staffer who was the target of a suicide bombing in Afghanistan after receiving Taliban 'night letters' is pleading for the evacuation of his former Afghan colleagues, amid reports at least nine locally employed workers have been killed in recent days
8 July 2021 journalist looks at some of the activities the Taliban: 8 July 2021: Committed journalist looks at some of the activities the Taliban banned, and the fears of those now taking part in them, as Taliban fighters have made enormous military and territorial gains since USA troops began their final withdrawal in May, and as the group’s leaders say they want Afghanistan to return to being an Islamic state ruled by religious elders, against some pro-democracy achievements and aroused hopes in recent years, especially for women and children
Crime in Afghanistan: Crime in Afghanistan
Terrorism and 21st-century mass murder in Afghanistan: Terrorism in Afghanistan - 21st-century mass murder in Afghanistan - Terrorist incidents in Afghanistan by type - Terrorist incidents in Afghanistan by year - Terrorist incidents in Kabul
Victims of the Taliban: Taliban attacks - Victims of the Taliban - Mass murder in Afghanistan
Treatment of women by the Taliban: Treatment of women by the Taliban, as after their takeover of Afghanistan in August 2021, the Taliban prevented most teenage girls from returning to secondary school education, and blocked women in Afghanistan from working in most sectors outside of health and education. Women have been ordered to wear face coverings in public, and barred from traveling more than 70 kilometres without a close male relative. However, in July 2022, Hibatullah Akhundzada, the Taliban's reclusive leader, lashed out at the criticism and demands of the international community on the Taliban's human rights restrictions, rejecting any negotiations or compromise on his 'Islamic system' of governance
Since 2010 Taliban and 'Islamic State' terrorist incidents in Afghanistan: 'Islamic State' terrorist incidents in Afghanistan - Mass murder in Afghanistan
2010/2011 UN report on civilian casualties: 9 March 2011: The annual UN report on civilian casualties shows that more than two-thirds of the 2,777 civilians killed last year were the victims of insurgents, a 28% increase on 2009, and that by contrast Nato and Afghan government forces were responsible for killing 440
December 2014 Taliban storm New Kabul bank in Lashkar Gah in Helmand, killing at least 10 people: 17 December 2014: A day after Pakistan Taliban attacked a school in Peshawar killing at least 141 people, Taliban storm New Kabul bank in Lashkar Gah in Helmand, killing at least 10 people
2017 deaths of women and children grew fast, primarily due to the Taliban’s use of homemade bombs: 17 July 2017: Civilian deaths at record high in 16-year war, says UN, as the number of deaths of women and children grew especially fast, primarily due to the Taliban’s use of homemade bombs, which caused 40% of civilian casualties in the first six months of 2017
January 2018 Save the Children Jalalabad attack: 24 January 2018 Save the Children Jalalabad attack, claimed by Islamic State terrorists
January 2018 Kabul ambulance bombing: 27 January 2018 Kabul ambulance bombing claimed by the Taliban
February 2018 'competition' between Islamic State and Taliban terrorists: 6 February 2018: 'Competition' between the Islamic State terrorists and the Taliban terrorists (approximately 60,000 fighters) in Afghanistan
April 2018 Kabul suicide bombing: 22 April 2018 Kabul suicide bombing - 22 April 2018: Afghan officials say 31 people have been killed and 54 wounded in a suicide bombing in Kabul that targeted a voter registration centre, claimed by Islamic State terrorists - 30 April 2018: Ten journalists among 36 killed in Afghanistan attacks, as nine journalists killed while reporting on first of twin blasts in Kabul
May 2018: 6 mai 2018: Au moins 12 personnes ont été tuées et 33 blessées dimanche par l'explosion d'une bombe dans un centre d'enregistrement pour les élections législatives dans la province de Khost - 7 May 2018: Afghan police foil suicide attack on Kabul blood drive for victims of recent attacks - 20 May 2018: Eight people reportedly killed and dozens more wounded by multiple explosions at a cricket match in the eastern Afghan city of Jalalabad
4 June 2018 deadly Kabul suicide attack: 4 juin 2018: Un kamikaze a tué au moins 8 personnes lundi à Kaboul près d'un rassemblement d'imams pour la paix et contre le terrorisme
16 June 2018: 16 June 2018: At least 25 people have been killed in a suicide bombing claimed by 'Islamic State' terrorists in eastern Afghanistan, as elsewhere across the country jubilant scenes marked the first ceasefire between the Taliban and Afghan government in 17 years
2/3 July 2018: 3 July 2018: Islamic State terrorists on Monday claimed responsibility for a suicide bombing in eastern Afghanistan that killed at least 19 people, mostly Sikhs and Hindus, targeting a delegation from the minority communities traveling for a meeting with president Ghani
22/23 July 2018: 23 juillet 2018: L'attentat suicide revendiqué par l'EI qui a visé à Kaboul Abdul Rashid Dostum, a fait au moins 23 morts et 107 blessés, parmi les victimes, le bureau de l'AFP à Kaboul pleure un de ses collaborateurs, le chauffeur Mohammad Akhtar, 31 ans, père de quatre enfants
28 July 2018: 28 juillet 2018: Une attaque a frappé un centre de formation pour sages-femmes à Jalalabad, faisant au moins trois blessés
August 2018: 15 August 2018 Kabul suicide bombing claimed by the 'Islamic State' terror group - 15 août 2018: Au moins 25 personnes ont été tuées et près de 35 personnes ont été blessées par une explosion près d'un centre éducatif dans un quartier chiite de l'ouest de Kaboul - 21 August 2018: The Taliban terror group fired a pair of rockets toward the presidential palace in Kabul as the Afghan president was delivering his holiday message for the Muslim celebrations, prompting a ferocious aerial response with helicopter gunships bombing the house from where the rockets were reportedly launched, after earlier this month, the Taliban launched a coordinated assault on Ghazni, killing at least 100 security forces and 35 civilians
September 2018: 5 September 2018: An hour after a suicide bomber blew himself up at a sports hall in a heavily Shia neighbourhood on Wednesday, a car packed with explosives detonated as journalists and security forces gathered at the scene, police said
2019 conflict and cooperation between Islamic State and Taliban terrorists: 7 January 2019: Intra-Jihadist conflict and cooperation - Islamic State–Khorasan Province and the Taliban in Afghanistan - 17 April 2019: Rivalries and power struggles - a portrait of the Islamic State in Khorasan
April 2019 Kabul attack: 20 April 2019: Afghan telecoms ministry hit by blast as attackers enter Kabul building
24 May 2019 Kabul mosque bombing: 24 May 2019 Kabul mosque bombing, killing at least four people and injuring nearly 20
1 July 2019 Taliban car bombing and mass shooting attack in Kabul: 1 July 2019 Taliban car bombing and mass shooting attack in Kabul, killing 40 civilians and injuring 116, including many schoolchildren - 1 July 2019: At least 50 children wounded in Taliban car bomb attack on Kabul
6/7 July 2019 Ghazni attack: 6 July 2019: An Islamic State group affiliate has claimed responsibility for a bombing in a Shi'ite mosque in central Afghanistan's Ghazni province that killed two people and injured 20 others, including eight children - 7 July 2019: As conference including Taliban starts in Doha, Taliban car bomb in central Afghanistan's Ghazni has killed at least eight members of the security forces and four civilians and wounded dozens, many of them students attending a nearby school
13 July 2019 Taliban attack: 13 July 2019: At least five people have been killed and 18 others injured in a Taliban attack on a hotel in western Afghanistan on Saturday, according to government and medical sources
19 July 2019 Kabul bombing attack: 19 juillet 2019: En pleine période d'examens, une bombe explose près de l'entrée d'une université à Kaboul, il y aurait 8 morts et des dizaines de blessés
25 July 2019 Kabul bombing attacks: 25 juillet 2019: Au moins dix personnes ont été tuées et plus de quarante autres ont été blessées jeudi matin à Kaboul où se sont produites trois explosions, une revendiquée par les talibans
28/29 July 2019: 29 July 2019: The death toll from the attack targeting Afghan president's running mate Amrullah Saleh's Kabul office, who was evacuated from the building, has climbed to at least 20 people, as about 50 other people were wounded in the attack against the Green Trend party headquarters in Kabul
31 July 2019 Taliban roadside bomb: 31 July 2019: A roadside bomb tore through a bus traveling on a main highway between the western city of Herat and the southern city of Kandahar, killing at least 32 people and wounding 15 with most in critical condition, according to Muhibullah Muhib, the spokesman for Farah province, saying that the bomb was freshly planted by the Taliban to target security forces, but the victims were civilians, mostly women and children
7 August 2019 Taliban car bomb: 7 August 2019 Taliban suicide bombing in Kabul - 7 August 2019: A car bomb exploding outside a police station in the Afghan capital Kabul reportedly killed at least 14 people and wounded more than 140 people, mostly civilians including women and children, as the Taliban claimed responsibility for what it said was a suicide attack
17 August 2019 Kabul bombing: 17 August 2019 Kabul bombing, targeting a wedding, killing at least 63 people and injuring 182 - 18 August 2019: Islamic State terrorists claims responsibility for Kabul wedding hall blast
19 August 2019 bombings: 19 August 2019: A series of bombings has struck restaurants and public squares in the eastern Afghan city of Jalalabad, wounding at least 66 people, officials said, as the country marked the 100th anniversary of its independence from Britain
31 August 2019 Taliban attack on Kunduz: 31 August 2019: The Taliban have launched a new attack on Afghanistan’s city of Kunduz, even as the insurgent group continued negotiations with the USA on ending USA's longest war - 1 September 2019: At least three civilians and 36 Taliban fighters have been killed after the militant group launched a 'massive' attack on Kunduz
2/3 September 2019 Taliban Kabul attack: 3 September 2019: The toll from a massive blast claimed by the Taliban in Kabul has risen to 16 dead — all civilians — with scores more wounded, an official said
5 September 2019 Taliban suicide bombing: 5 September 2019: A Taliban suicide bomber has blown himself up in the centre of Kabul, with the blast rattling windows and doors in an area near embassies and government buildings
16 September 2019 Farah, Ghazni and Logar attacks: 16 September 2019: At least five civilians, including women and children, were killed when their vehicle struck a roadside bomb in western Farah province on Sunday, where the Taliban are active, as on Monday a sticky bomb attached to a mini bus belonging to Ghazni University exploded and killed the bus driver, wounding five Ghazni University students
17 September 2019 Taliban Charakar and Kabul attacks: 17 September 2019 Taliban bombings - 17 September 2019: Taliban suicide bomber on a motorcycletargeted a campaign rally by president Ashraf Ghani in northern Afghanistan on Tuesday, killing at least 24 people and wounding 31, as hours later an explosion struck near the USA Embassy in Kabul, killing 22 people and wounding a further 38
18 September 2019 Jalalabad suicide attack: 18 September 2019: Gunmen and at least one suicide bomber attacked a government building in eastern Afghanistan's Jalalabad, used for the distribution of electronic identity cards, wounding nine people including a child and a woman, as Taliban and Islamic state group are active in eastern Afghanistan - 18 September 2019: Afghanistan's Taliban terrorist group on Wednesday warned teachers, students and other education workers to avoid the upcoming presidential vote or risk dying in attacks on election centres
19/20 September 2019 Taliban truck bomb kills dozens in Qalat: 19 September 2019 Qalat Taliban suicide bombing - 19 September 2019: Taliban truck bomb has killed at least 30 people and wounded 95 others including several women, children, health workers and patients in Qalat's hospital when it exploded near hospital in southern Afghanistan's city of Qalat, the capital of Zabul province - 20 septembre 2019: Le bilan d'un attentat des talibans ayant touché jeudi un hôpital dans le sud de l'Afghanistan est passé à au moins 39 morts et 140 blessés, selon les autorités de la province de Zaboul
20/21 September 2019 two confirmed Taliban attacks: 21 September 2019: A roadside bomb has killed at least two civilians and wounded five other people when the blast struck a vehicle Friday afternoon in Spin Boldak district in southern Kandahar province where the Taliban are active, and as two more blasts in Kabul on Friday night were claimed by the terrorist group
1 October 2019 Taliban Balkh province attack: 1 October 2019: The Taliban killed at least 11 police officers in Afghanistan's northern Balkh province before burning their headquarters, officials said
16 October 2019 Alishing attack: 16 October 2019: 26 people including 20 children and six security forces were wounded in an attack in Alishing district, and at least two security officers were killed when a car bomb detonated
18/19 October 2019 Haska Meyna mosque bombing: 18 October 2019 Haska Meyna mosque bombing - 18 octobre 2019: Plus de 28 personnes ont été tuées par une explosion dans une mosquée de l'est de l'Afghanistan vendredi, qui a fait également plus de 50 blessés - 19 October 2019: State blames Taliban for blasts targeting worshippers during Friday prayers, killing at least 69 people including children and elders
13 November 2019 car bomb explosion in Kabul: 13 November 2019: Car bomb explosion kills at least seven people in Afghan capital Kabul, wounding 10 others
11 December Bagram hospital attack: 11 décembre 2019: Une attaque contre un hôpital en construction près de la base américaine de Bagram, au nord de Kaboul, a tué une femme et fait au moins soixante blessés mercredi, ont indiqué des sources locales et militaire américaine
17 December 2019 roadside bombings: 17 December 2019: A roadside bombing in eastern Afghanistan killed at least 10 civilians on Tuesday morning, including women and children, while explosives attached to a bicycle detonated near a police vehicle in a northern province, wounding at least 18 people
19 January 2020 Taliban reportedly executed family: 19 January 2020: Afghan officials said Sunday that the Taliban executed six members of the same family, including an infant girl, in a remote village in the country's north
11 February 2020 Kabul suicide bombing: 11 February 2020 Kabul suicide bombing, killing 7 people including civilians and wounding 12 other people, including five civilians
6 March 2020 dozens killed in attack on political rally in Kabul: 6 March 2020: Gunmen opened fire on Friday at a ceremony in Afghanistan’s capital attended by political leaders, killing at least 32 people and wounding dozens more before the two attackers were killed by police, officials said, as 'Islamic State' terrorists claimed responsibility for the attack
25 March 2020 Islamic state terrorists killed at least 25 Sikh worshippers: 25 March 2020: Islamic state gunmen and suicide bombers have killed at least 25 worshippers, including women and children, and injured many others in an early morning attack on a Sikh Gurdwara in the heart of Kabul
26 March 2020 bomb disrupts funeral service for 25 Sikhs killed in Kabul: 26 March 2020: An explosive device disrupted funeral service in Kabul for 25 members of Afghanistan's Sikh minority community who had been killed by Islamic State terrorists as no one reportedly hurt in the blast
1 April 2020 roadside bombing in Helmand killed civilians including 6 children: 1 April 2020: A roadside bombing in southern Afghanistan's Helmand near Greshk killed at least eight civilians, including six children, as the Taliban and Islamic State terrorists are active in Helmand province, as Taliban sent a technical team to Kabul to monitor the release of Taliban prisoners
8 April 2020 Taliban kill at least 7 civilians amid covid-19 pandemic: 8 April 2020: Taliban kill at least 7 civilians in country's northern Balkh province, as in the southern Kandahar province 3 children were killed and 5 were seriously wounded when a mortar shell hit in the district of Daman, both attacks coming as country braces for the covid-19 pandemic, which has killed at least 14 people from among 423 confirmed cases
29 April 2020 suicide bomber in Kabul kills at least three civilians: 29 April 2020: A suicide bomber targeted a base belonging to Afghan special forces on the southern outskirts of Kabul, killing at least three civilians and wounding 15, officials said, as the government blamed the Taliban for the attack
11 May 2020 four explosions in Kabul: 11 mai 2020: Quatre explosions successives de mines ont secoué le nord de la capitale afghane lundi matin blessant quatre civils, selon la police
12 May 2020 gunmen stormed a maternity hospital in Kabul: 12 May 2020: Gunmen stormed maternity Dasht-e-Barchi hospital in the western part of Kabul, setting off a shootout with the police and killing people as Afghan forces carried out newborn babies and their mothers to evacuate the facility under fire - 12 May 2020: Newborn babies among dead in attack on Kabul maternity hospital by gunmen also throwing grenades, as at least 13 killed and dozens evacuated
12 May 2020 suicide terror attack at funeral in Khewa district: 12 mai 2020: Des dizaines de personnes ont été tuées et blessées dans une attaque suicide lors d'une cérémonie de funérailles dans l'est de l'Afghanistan mardi matin, a indiqué un porte-parole du gouvernement local
20 May 2020 terrorists killed 14 civilians: 20 May 2020: Terrorists killed 14 civilians in two separate attacks in Afghanistan while the Taliban targeted pro-government checkpoints in the northeast, killing nine militiamen
31 May 2020 Islamic State bombing attack: 31 mai 2020: Deux employés d'une télévision afghane tués par une bombe, revendiquée par le groupe État Islamique qui a frappé un minibus transportant 15 employés de Khurshid TV
27 June 2020 bomb attack kills human rights workers in Kabul: 27 June 2020: Bomb attack kills two human rights workers in Kabul
3 August 2020 ongoing Islamic State attack on Afghan prison killing 21 so far: 3 August 2020: An Islamic State group attack on a prison in eastern Afghanistan holding hundreds of its members raged on Monday after killing at least 21 people in fighting overnight, a local official said, as another 43 people have been wounded in the assault
16 August 2020 female Afghan peace negotiator Fawzia Koofi wounded in assassination bid: 16 August 2020: Women’s rights activist Fawzia Koofi, a member of the team negotiating a deal with the Taliban, wounded in an assassination attempt, while returning from a visit to the northern province of Parwan, where she began her political career since 2001, working with Unicef to protect children from violence, exploitation and abuse
9 September 2020 Amrullah Saleh wounded by roadside bomb attack killing 10 people in Kabul: 9 September 2020 vice president of Afghanistan Amrullah Saleh was wounded by a roadside bomb attack in Kabul, in which 10 people were killed, 15 civilians wounded, including some of his bodyguards, as Saleh said he was traveling to his office and there was no claim of responsibility for the bombing
3 October 2020 civilians killed in car bomb attack in eastern Afghanistan: 3 octobre 2020: Au moins quinze personnes, principalement des civils, ont été tuées et plus de quarante blessées dans un attentat au camion piégé samedi, quand l’attaque ciblait un bâtiment administratif dans l’est de l’Afghanistan
18 October 2020 civilians killed in Firuzkuh car bomb attack: 18 octobre 2020: Une voiture piégée ayant pris pour cible le siège de la police afghane à Feroz Koh dans la province de Ghor (ouest) a tué dimanche au moins douze civils et fait une centaine de blessés, selon les autorités
24 October 2020 deadly suicide bomb attack in Kabul: 24 October 2020: At least 18 dead in suicide bomb attack in Kabul as explosion struck outside education centre in Shia neighbourhood in Afghan city
7 November 2020 Kabul vehicle bomb kills 3 civilians including journalist: 7 November 2020: A bomb attached to the vehicle of a former presenter on Afghanistan’s Tolo TV has exploded, killing the journalist and two other civilians, Kabul police have said, as separately on Saturday a suicide bomb attack in the southern Zabul province killed two civilians, wounding seven more
14 November 2020 Kabul University attack linked with Taliban: 14 novembre 2020: L’insurgé qui avait planifié l’assaut contre l’université de la capitale afghane le 2 novembre, recruté par un groupe lié aux talibans, a été interpellé
21 November 2020 three citizens die in rocket attacks on Afghan capital: 21 November 2020: Three citizens die in rocket attacks on Afghan capital, as explosions come ahead of separate scheduled meetings between Mike Pompeo, Taliban and Afghan government officials in Doha
10 December 2020 gunmen killed TV journalist and rights activist Malalai Maiwand in Jalalabad: 10 December 2020: Gunmen have shot and killed TV journalist and women’s rights activist Malalai Maiwand in Afghanistan along with her driver Mohammad Tahir in Jalalabad, in an incident that underscored increasing violence against journalists in the country
18 December 2020 bomb blast kills 15 children in Afghanistan's Gilan: 18 December 2020: A bomb rigged to a rickshaw has killed at least 15 children and wounded 20 others in a Taliban-controlled area in eastern Afghanistan's Gilan district, a provincial official said, as violence in the war-weary country continued to surge
20 December 2020 Kabul terror attack and killed children: 20 décembre 2020: L’explosion d’une voiture piégée a fait dimanche huit morts dont des enfants et plus de 15 blessés à Kaboul, une nouvelle fois frappée par des attaques sanglantes, ont annoncé les autorités afghanes
22 December 2020 5 civilians including 4 doctors killed in Kabul bombing: 22 décembre 2020: Au moins cinq personnes, dont quatre médecins travaillant dans une prison où sont détenus des centaines de talibans, ont été tués mardi à Kaboul dans l’explosion d’une bombe placée sous leur voiture, selon la police
17 January 2021 two female judges shot dead in Kabul as wave of killings continues: 17 January 2021: Two female judges shot dead in Kabul as wave of killings continues, and as assassination of supreme court judges follows months of increased violence in Afghanistan
8 May 2021 car bombing: 8 May 2021 car bombing in front of Sayed al-Shuhada school in Dashte Barchi
4 August 2021 Taliban terrorist attack on minister's house in Kabul left at least eight dead: 4 August 2021: An audacious attack on the Afghan defence minister's house in Kabul has left at least eight dead, the first major bombing by militants in the city for nearly a year, as Bismillah Khan Mohammadi fortunately was not at home on Tuesday night as gunmen detonated a car bomb and fired shots near the heavily fortified Green Zone, as four of the gunmen reportedly killed, as Mohammadi's family was evacuated, and as the Taliban said they were behind the attack, also warning of more terrorist attacks against government leaders
18 September 2021 series of deadly blasts in Jalalabad city and capital Kabul: 18 September 2021: At least seven people have been killed and some 30 wounded in a series of blasts in the eastern Afghan city of Jalalabad and Afghanistan’s capital Kabul, as the casualties occurred when improvised explosive devices went off on Saturday
8 October 2021 dozens killed in suicide bombing by ISIL affiliate at Kunduz mosque: 8 October 2021 Kunduz mosque bombing claimed by ISIL, as over 50 people were killed and another 100 were injured, but according to an estimate by the UN Assistance Mission in Afghanistan, more than 100 people were killed and wounded - Islamic State – Khorasan Province, an affiliate of ISIL active in South Asia and Central Asia, as ISKP is active in Afghanistan, also including Pakistan, Tajikistan and India, where they claimed attacks, as well as Sri Lanka, the Maldives and Bangladesh where individuals have pledged allegiance to it. The group was created in January 2015 by disaffected Taliban in eastern Afghanistan, although its membership includes individuals from various countries notably Pakistan, Bangladesh, India and Myanmar
15 October 2021 Kandahar bombing: 15 October 2021 Kandahar bombing, as a bomb exploded at a Shia mosque during Friday prayers killing at least 33 people. It came a week after a bombing claimed by the 'Islamic State' (ISIL Khorasan Province) terrorist group at a mosque in Kunduz killed at least 50 people
18 June 2022 deadly explosion rocks Sikh site in Kabul: 18 June 2022: An assault on a Sikh prayer site in Afghanistan has left one worshipper and a Taliban member dead as well as the unidentified attackers, as the site in the capital Kabul was hit by a bomb early in the morning when up to 30 people were inside
Torture in Afghanistan: Torture in Afghanistan - Bagram torture and prisoner abuse
11 October 2011 UN finds 'systematic' torture in Afghanistan: 11 October 2011: UN finds 'systematic' torture in Afghanistan
20 January 2013 UN says torture in Afghan prisons continues to be widespread: 20 January 2013: The UN says torture in Afghan prisons continues to be widespread despite its recommendations in a similar report in 2011 - 'few investigations and no prosecutions for those responsible'
1 June 2013 Britain must investigate torture in Iraq, Afghanistan, UN says: 1 June 2013: Britain must investigate torture in Iraq, Afghanistan, UN says
May 2019 health chief tortured by Taliban: 23 May 2019: Afghan public health chief Dr Mohammad Haqmal, who developed groundbreaking health initiatives in Aghanistan, granted refugee status and settles in UK after being kidnapped and tortured by the Taliban
21 August 2021 Afghanistan reports of torture and killing contradict Taliban’s promises, as Islamists tortured Hazara men to death: 21 August 2021: Afghanistan reports of torture and killing contradict Taliban’s promises, as Islamists tortured Hazara men to death, say witnesses, and relative of journalist killed, with reports of the Taliban going door to door searching for people who worked with the former Afghan government or western countries, as claims have also emerged of Taliban fighters torturing and killing members of an ethnic minority in Afghanistan after overrunning their village last month
Religion and freedom of religion in Afghanistan: Religion in Afghanistan - Islam in Afghanistan - Buddhism in Afghanistan - Freedom of religion in Afghanistan
2015: 23 March 2015: Afghani woman beaten to death by mob was falsely accused of burning Quran - 23 March 2015: Family of Afghan woman Farkhunda, killed by a mob triggered by a mullah in front of Kabul’s Shah-Do Shamshira mosque where she worked as a religious teacher and urged by Kabul police chief 'You have to confirm' that Farkhunda was mentally ill, take comfort from tide of outrage - 6 May 2015: Afghan judge sentences four to death over mob killing of Afghan woman Farkhunda
Opium production in Afghanistan: Opium production in Afghanistan
2016: 23 octobre 2016: La culture d'opium en Afghanistan, premier producteur d'héroïne au monde, a atteint cette année son 3e niveau de production le plus élevé depuis 20 ans, selon l'ONU, qui estime que la surface cultivée a augmenté d'environ 10% par rapport à 2015
Illegal drug trade in Afghanistan: Illegal drug trade in Afghanistan
Allegations of CIA drug trafficking in Afghanistan: Allegations of CIA drug trafficking in Afghanistan
Corruption in Afghanistan: Corruption in Afghanistan - Corruption, fraud etc. in Afghanistan - Shirini - Integrity Watch Afghanistan
2013-2016: 5 March 2013: The former chiefs of Kabul Bank Sherkhan Farnood and Khalilullah Ferozi have been sentenced to five years in jail for the multi-million dollar fraud that almost led to its collapse in 2010 - 19 April 2015: UN investigation finds corruption in Afghan police oversight division - 14 September 2016: From the very beginning of its intervention in Afghanistan 15 years ago, the USA sabotaged its own efforts by feeding corruption in the country’s government and the security forces meant to fight the Taliban, according to a new report by a USA Congress watchdog
Law and law enforcement in Afghanistan: Law of Afghanistan - Law enforcement in Afghanistan
Judiciary of Afghanistan: Judiciary of Afghanistan, still under construction as the Justice Ministry is now (May 2016) working to set up a workable judicial system with lower and a higher courts in every province as in rural areas, where local elders and tribal authorities resolve criminal cases, Taliban laws have remained in effect, and verdicts often are based on Islamic and tribal law
Supreme Court of Afghanistan: Supreme Court of Afghanistan, the court of last resort in Afghanistan created by the Constitution of Afghanistan, which was approved in January 2004 - Chief Justice of Afghanistan
17 January 2021 two female judges shot dead in Kabul as wave of killings continues: 17 January 2021: Two female judges shot dead in Kabul as wave of killings continues, and as assassination of supreme court judges follows months of increased violence in Afghanistan
28 September 2021 female Afghan judges now hunted by the murderers they convicted, BBC reports: 28 September 2021: Female Afghan judges hunted by the murderers they convicted, as more than 220 trailblazers of women's rights in Afghanistan and the staunch defenders of the law and the country's most marginalised now - after the Taliban takeover - are in hiding due to fear of retribution under Taliban rule. Six former female judges spoke to the BBC from secret locations across Afghanistan.
18 October 2021 Afghan female judges forced into hiding under Taliban rule, now also 'Al Jazeera' reports: 18 October 2021: Female judge Naima (name changed to protect identity) presided over cases of violence against women in Afghanistan. She heard harrowing accounts of unspeakable violence from battered women and their families. She even saw a man kill his wife before her own eyes during a court hearing. But in the two months since the Taliban takeover of Afghanistan, she asks 'why didn’t I choose any other discipline' in an undisclosed location in capital Kabul, like hundreds of other judges hiding shortly after the Taliban took control. The judges had reasons to be afraid. During its 11-day rampage through Afghanistan’s 34 provinces, the Taliban released thousands of prisoners from the nation’s jails. Among them were possibly men who judges such as Naima had personally sentenced, and who might have ended up joining the Taliban government.
Afghan National Police: Afghan National Police, the primary police force of Afghanistan, serving all across the country under the responsibility of Afghanistan's Ministry of Interior and having about 157,000 active members as of September 2013 - Afghan Public Protection Force since 2009, organized as a State Owned Enterprise and designed to contract with both domestic and international customers for security services within Afghanistan


Foreign relations of Afghanistan: Foreign relations of Afghanistan
Invasions and wars targeting and involving Afghanistan: Wars targeting and involving Afghanistan - Invasions of Afghanistan - as Afghanistan is a mountainous landlocked country in Central Asia and South Asia, the Afghanistan area has been invaded many times in recorded history, some of these invaders in the history of Afghanistan include Indians, Alexander the Great, Caliphate, Genghis Khan, Timur, Mughal Empire, various Persian Empires, British Empire, Sikh Empire, Soviet Union, and currently a coalition force of NATO troops - List of wars involving Afghanistan
Foreign aid to Afghanistan and 'phantom aid':
2002-2009 phantom aid in Afghanistan: Phantom aid in Afghanistan, an aid that never reaches the intended recipients and that gets looted in many ways, as Afghanistan has received approximately $35 billion of international aid between 2002 and 2009, however, much of this aid has not helped ease poverty or improve economic and living conditions
2011/2012: 8. Juni 2011: Selbstbeurteilung der Afghanistan-Hilfe der USA als wenig effektiv - 9. September 2011: Nach jahrzehntelangen Kriegszerstörungen steht Afghanistan vor wirtschaftlichem Kollaps - 30 July 2012: Hundreds of millions of US taxpayer dollars may have been wasted on poorly managed infrastructure projects in Afghanistan, a report to USA Congress says - 28 November 2012: Independent Joint Anti-Corruption Monitoring and Evaluation Committee published its report declaring that US$5 billion, including $400 million the Kabul Bank’s shareholders, were illegally transferred abroad
2016 Brussels conference on Afghanistan: October 2016 Brussels conference on Afghanistan
Afghanistan/United Nations relations: Afghanistan/United Nations relations - UN resolutions concerning Afghanistan
July 2013 UN deputy chief reiterates commitment to country’s long-term development in Afghanistan: 1 July 2013: UN deputy chief reiterates commitment to country’s long-term development in Afghanistan
April 2014 UN's Ban Ki-moon urges all Afghans to participate in Presidential and Provincial Council elections in April: 3/4 April 2014: UN's Ban Ki-moon urges all Afghan men and women to fully participate in Presidential and Provincial Council elections on April 5, as UNAMA condemns deadly attack on foreign journalists in the Tani district of Khost province
22 June 2021 UNAMA's Deborah Lyons said from politics, security to economy Afghanistan's 'slide toward dire scenarios is undeniable': 22 June 2021: Deborah Lyons, Special Representative and Head of the UN Assistance Mission in Afghanistan UNAMA, said from politics to security, the peace process to the economy, the 'possible slide toward dire scenarios is undeniable' and 'the relentless spirit of the Afghans and their incredible resilience is being severely tested', after through its intensified military campaign, the Taliban has taken more than 50 of Afghanistan’s 370 districts since the beginning of May, reminding that what happens there is 'of global consequence', and the Security Council needed to be fully aware of the gravity of the situation
23 December 2022 UN envoy calls for pressure on Taliban over women university ban: 23 December 2022: The United Nations’ special envoy for global education has called on Islamic countries to condemn a move by the Taliban banning female students from universities, the latest in a series of restrictions imposed on women in Afghanistan. 'This is one of the saddest days for those who are concerned with women and girls’ rights', Gordon Brown said about the decision this week by the Taliban-led Ministry of Higher Education.
26 December 2022 UN says to Taliban 'vital’ to reverse ban on women in NGOs: 26 December 2022: The United Nations mission to Afghanistan has asked the country’s Taliban administration to reverse its ban on women from working in non-profit organisations, with major global non-governmental organisations withdrawing from the country in response to the restrictions
6 January 2023 UN’s Griffiths said UN-supplied aid cannot continue if the Taliban do not lift their ban on women working for humanitarian aid agencies: 6 January 2023: The UN’s lead humanitarian coordinator Martin Griffiths has said UN-supplied aid cannot continue if the Taliban do not lift their ban on women working for humanitarian aid agencies in Afghanistan, as Griffiths is due to visit Kabul shortly to discuss the impasse. Although he said he did not want to pre-empt talks and was willing to examine workarounds on the ban, his remarks suggest a standoff is developing between the UN and the Taliban that could lead to billions in aid being cut off in the long term.
5 April 2023 UN concern after its female workers are ‘banned’ from working by Taliban: 5 April 2023: UN concern after its female workers are ‘banned’ from working by Taliban. All staff in Afghanistan ordered to stay home for 48 hours to give officials time to negotiate with Taliban.
11 April 2023 UN tells Afghan staff to stay home after Taliban ban on female workers: 11 April 2023: UN tells Afghan staff to stay home after Taliban ban on female workers, as review launched into operations in Afghanistan and as men and women told not to go to work at least until May
18 April 2023 UN ready for ‘heartbreaking’ decision to pull out of Afghanistan: 18 April 2023: The UN is ready to take the 'heartbreaking' decision to pull out of Afghanistan in May if it cannot persuade the Taliban to let local women work for the organisation, officials have said. The warning comes after UN officials spent months negotiating with the group’s leaders in the hope of persuading them to make exceptions to a hardline edict this month barring local women from working for it.
Afghan refugees and Afghan diaspora: Afghan refugees - Afghan diaspora, citizens of Afghanistan who have immigrated to other countries, or people of Afghan origin who are born outside Afghanistan, traditionally the borders between Afghanistan and its southern and eastern neighbouring countries have been fluid and vagueand like other nations that were created by European empires
21 October 2020 stadium crush kills at least 11 women seeking visas to leave Afghanistan: 21 October 2020: At least 11 women died in a crush at a football stadium in Afghanistan as thousands of people amassed to get visas to leave the country, as eastern Nangarhar province spokesman Attaullah Khogyani said a further 13 people, mostly women, were injured at the Jalalabad stadium, where they were trying to get visas to enter Pakistan, as separately, at least 36 Afghan police were killed in an ambush by Taliban militants in northern Afghanistan
27 August 2021 UN refugee agency's Kelly Clement appealing to Afghanistan neighbouring countries to keep their borders open: 27 August 2021: Up to half a million Afghans could flee their homeland by year-end, the UN refugee agency's Kelly Clement said, appealing to all neighbouring countries to keep their borders open for those seeking safety
14 August 2022 UNICEF Samantha Mort's message to Afghan people one year on: 14 August 2022: UNICEF chief of communication Samantha Mort's message 'we see you, we hear you, we’re staying here with you', as this time last year, 1 million girls were in high school, women were working, the health system was functioning, diseases such as measles and acute watery diarrhoea were less prevalent, water systems were more reliable, food was more affordable, girls were better protected from early marriage and families were better able to feed themselves. One year on, the picture is different. Children’s futures are at stake.' But UNICEF will 'continue to earn that trust by expanding into areas that were previously inaccessible so that we can reach ever more children and mothers with clean water and healthcare, with malnutrition treatments and cash assistance.
Bilateral relations of Afghanistan: Bilateral relations of Afghanistan
Afghanistan/Australia relations: Afghanistan/Australia relations
Since 2001 military history of Australia during the War in Afghanistan: Since 2001 military history of Australia during the War in Afghanistan - Military bases of Australia in Afghanistan
2012: 17 April 2012: Australia to end Afghan mission in 2013 - 31 August 2012: Australia says the death of three troops being shot by an Afghan colleague and two others dying in a helicopter crash will not speed up Afghan exit
July 2019: 15 July 2019: A young Afghan man has tried to set himself on fire at a Melbourne detention centre
19 November 2020 Australian special forces involved in murder of 39 Afghan civilians and 'long time for justice': 19 November 2020: Australian special forces involved in murder of 39 Afghan civilians, war crimes report from 2006 to 2016 alleges, as Brereton report finds prisoners were executed to ‘blood’ junior soldiers and unlawful killings were deliberately covered up - 19 November 2020: Afghans wait for Australia to right the wrongs of its war in 'long time for justice'
24 June 2021 Afghans who helped Australia at risk after receiving Taliban ‘night letters’ former Dfat adviser says: 24 June 2021: A former Australian foreign affairs staffer who was the target of a suicide bombing in Afghanistan after receiving Taliban 'night letters' is pleading for the evacuation of his former Afghan colleagues, amid reports at least nine locally employed workers have been killed in recent days
7 August 2022 released Taliban soldier will continue killing foreigners, including Australians: 7 August 2022: Hekmatullah, the rogue Afghan soldier who killed three unarmed Australian diggers in Afghanistan a decade ago, is living in a luxury home in the capital Kabul, treated as a 'returning hero' by the Taliban who released him from prison. He has said he does not regret killing Australian soldiers, and has vowed he would again kill Australians, or anyone who opposes the Taliban.
9 August 2022 victim's father says Australia ‘sidelined’ in USA-Taliban deal to release terrorist from prison: 9 August 2022: The family of one of the Australian soldiers killed by rogue Afghan national army sergeant Hekmatullah says Australia was treated with contempt by its closest ally, the USA, after it agreed to release the self-professed terrorist from prison. The former Afghan national army sergeant Hekmatullah, and Taliban plant, is again at liberty, and housed under Taliban protection in the former diplomatic quarter of the Afghan capital Kabul. He was returned to Afghanistan from Qatar, where he was being held under house arrest.
Afghanistan/Canada relations: Afghanistan/Canada relations
2017: 14 October 2017: Canadian Joshua Boyle who was held hostage with his family for five years says that the Taliban-linked militants who abducted him and his wife in Afghanistan raped her and killed an infant daughter born in captivity
Afghanistan/European Union relations: Eupol Afghanistan is a European Union mission since 2007 to support and train police in Afghanistan, and improve the rule of law
Afghanistan/France relations: Afghanistan/France relations - French forces in Afghanistan
November 2012: France ends Afghan combat rol: 20 November 2012: France ends Afghan combat role
April 2013 outgoing French ambassador to Afghanistan Bajolet blamed country’s rampant corruption and drug trade on the country's failure: 29 April 2013: The outgoing French ambassador to Afghanistan Bernard Bajolet blamed the country’s rampant corruption and the drug trade on the country's failure to establish itself as an independent country
1 September 2021 Afghan sports journalist Nargis Anwari exiled like hundreds of other Aghans in France: 1 September 2021: Afghan sports journalist Nargis Anwari exiled like hundreds of other Aghans in France, after Taliban took control of the country
Afghanistan/India relations: Afghanistan/India relations
October 2011 'Strategic partnership' between Afghanistan and India: 4 October 2011: 'Strategic partnership' between Afghanistan and India signed by Karzai and Singh in Delhi - 12 November: Afghan President Karzai is in New Delhi, holding delegation-level talks with PM Manmohan Singh - 12 November: India and Afghanistan to intensify cooperation, especially in the sectors of agriculture, small business and mining
July-September 2013 Indian citizens and workers killed in Taliban terrorist attacks: 3 July 2013: Three Indian workers were killed in Tuesday's Taliban attack on a guest house in Kabul - 3 August: A suicide blast outside the Indian consulate in Jalalabad has reportedly left at least eight people dead and another 12 injured - 5 September 2013: Suspected Taliban militants shot dead the Indian author Sushmita Banerjee, writer of a popular book about her dramatic escape from the Taliban in the 90s, in eastern Afghan province of Paktika - 11 December 2013: Hamid Karzai heads to India waving wish list of military hardware
1 September 2021 Indian human rights campaigners lost contact with associates in Afghanistan: 1 September 2021: Human rights campaigner in India has told France24 how she and her team have lost contact with some of their associates and fellow activists in Afghanistan since the Taliban swept to power, after Vandita Morarka - the founder and chief executive of One Future Collective - has long worked with colleagues in Afghanistan
Afghanistan/Iran relations: Afghanistan/Iran relations
Afghan and Taliban opium smuggling into Iran: Afghan and Taliban opium smuggling into Iran
2015 Iran recruiting Afghan refugees to fight and support Assad's regime: 5 November 2015: Iran is recruiting Afghan refugees to fight in the foreign military contingent supporting Assad's regime in Syria, promising a monthly salary and residence permits
13 February 2021 fuel tanker truck explodes on Iran-Afghan border: 13 February 2021: A fuel tanker truck exploded Saturday at the Islam Qala crossing in Afghanistan’s western Herat province on the Iranian border, injuring at least seven people and causing a massive fire that consumed more than 500 trucks carrying natural gas and fuel, according to Afghan officials and Iranian state media
14 February 2021 firefighters struggled for a second day to battle massive fire spotted from space: 14 February 2021: Firefighters struggled for a second day Sunday to battle a massive fire that began when a fuel tanker exploded at a major crossing in Afghanistan’s western Herat province on the Iranian border, spotted from space by NASA satellites
Afghanistan/Israel relations: Afghanistan/Israel relations
November 2005 Afghan president hinted at desire to establish formal relations with Israel: 2 November 2005: Afghan president Karzai hinted at a desire to establish formal relations with Israel, calling Shimon Peres a 'dear man, a real warrior for peace', as warming of ties between Afghanistan and Israel sets Kabul's policies in sharp contrast to those of neighboring Iran, calling at 'A World Without Zionism' conference in Tehran for the destruction of the state of Israel
23 September 2021 dozens of Afghan women have escaped Taliban rule with the assistance of Israeli NGO: 23 September 2021: Dozens of Afghan women have escaped Taliban rule with the assistance of an Israeli humanitarian organization working with two Israeli businessmen, according to a Yediot Ahronoth report saying Sylvan Adams and Aaron Frenkel provided the funding for Israel's successful effort to help the women – the Afghan women's national cycling team – leave Afghanistan, where the Taliban has increasingly moved to restrict the rights women gained in the two decades after 9/11 and the group's ouster from power
Afghanistan/Italy relations: Afghanistan/Italy relations
10 April 2003 Italian tourist Orfeo Bartolini murdered by suspected Taliban: 10 April 2003 Italian tourist Orfeo Bartolini was murdered in Afghanistan's Shahjoi district of Zabul province, as the Afghan car was stopped by two men on a motorbike, who then shot Bartolini in the area known as stronghold of the Taliban, looking to regroup following their removal as the Taliban regime by USA and allied forces. A week after the killing, eight Taliban fighters were captured by Afghan soldiers investigating Bartolini's murder with unknown result
26 September 2021 Italy rules out recognising a Taliban government in Afghanistan: 26 September 2021: Italy rules out recognising a Taliban government in Afghanistan, as FM Di Maio though urging foreign governments to prevent financial collapse that would result in a massive flow of migrants, told state-owned TV Rai 3 'recognition of the Taliban government is impossible since there are 17 terrorists among the ministers, and the human rights of women and girls are continuously violated'
25 November 2021 Sharbat Gula in Italy after Taliban takeover following USA's chaotic departure: 25 November 2021: Sharbat Gula left Afghanistan after Taliban takeover that followed August 2021 USA's chaotic departure from country, as Gula first gained international fame in 1984 as an Afghan refugee girl, as Italy was one of western countries that airlifted hundreds of Afghans out of the country
Afghanistan/Nato relations: Afghanistan/Nato relations
17 August 2021 NATO chief blames Afghan leadership for Kabul collapse: 17 August 2021: NATO's Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg blames Afghan leadership for Kabul collapse, saying 'failure of the Afghan leadership led to the tragedy we are witnessing today'
Afghanistan/Nepal relations: Afghanistan/Nepal relations
Retreat of glaciers in the Himalayas and Central Asia: Retreat of glaciers in the Himalayas and Central Asia
September/October 2019 Himalayan University Consortium's workshop: 23 September - 2 October 2019 Himalayan University Consortium's workshop 'Harnessing economic opportunities for transformative change in the Hindu Kush Himalaya'
Afghanistan/The Netherlands relations: Afghanistan/The Netherlands relations
20th/21st century Abdul Rahim Hatif's exile in the Netherlands: 20th/21st century Abdul Rahim Hatif served as one of the vice presidents of Mohammed Najibullah during the last years of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan since the 1988 elections, the serving as the first vice president 1991/1992 before the first fall of Kabul, the the acting President of Afghanistan for two weeks in 1992, after the resignation and before the later capture, torture and brutal assassination by the Taliban of President Najibullah, as Hatif went into exile and moved to the Netherlands, where he died on 19 August 2013
24 July 2021 Dutch politician Kati Piri demands protection of formder allies against the advancing Taliban: 24 July 2021: As Afghanistan imposes night curfew to curb Taliban criminals new advance, fighting against democracy and human rights since the 1980s in the country and also abroad, as Dutch politician Kati Piri serving as a member of the House of Representatives since 2021 calls to defend former Afghan supperters of the Dutch in the country, now fearing revenge, after western countries intervention since 2001 following the 9/11 attacks
Afghanistan/New Zealand relations: Afghanistan/New Zealand relations
Afghanistan/Pakistan relations: Afghanistan/Pakistan relations
since 1980: Afghan-Pakistani Haqqani network 1980–present, USA and ISI's fosterling - 9 July 2013: Former ISI chief Ahmed Shuja Pasha has admitted that the deadly Haqqani network was created by it and USA's CIA and claimed that the insurgent group's chief Haqqani had 'in fact been invited to the White House by President Reagan'
2012-2014: 24 December 2012: Pakistan shares the Kabul government's goal of transforming the Taliban insurgency into a political movement, an Afghan official says - 21 June 2013: Afghanistan and Pakistan trade accusations at UN over the whereabouts of Islamist extremists on their border - 26 August: President Karzai seeks Pakistan's help to arrange peace talks with Taliban
2016: 4 October 2016: Afghan exodus from Pakistan could be 'catastrophic' without urgent aid, UN warns
14 July 2021 Taliban claim Afghan border crossing with Pakistan in major gain: 14 July 2021: Taliban claim Afghan border crossing with Pakistan in major gain, saying they have made what could be their most significant advance in a nationwide offensive
2 September 2021 Afghan families flee the Taliban into Pakistan: 2 September 2021: Afghan families flee the Taliban into Pakistan, saying 'we have come here because of misery and poverty'
20 September 2021 Pakistan says it is unable to take any more refugees, deporting new arrivals back to Afghanistan: 20 September 2021: Fleeing Afghan Hazaras face uncertain future in Pakistan, as Pakistan says it is unable to take any more refugees and has begun deporting new arrivals back to Afghanistan
31 January 2023 north-west Pakistan in grip of deadly Taliban resurgence: 31 January 2023: Pakistan Taliban attack on Monday was among the worst in years to hit Peshawar city in north-west Pakistan that has been ravaged relentlessly by deadly terrorist violence over decades, as hours after the attack responsibility was claimed by a low-level commander from one faction of the Pakistan Taliban, known as Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan as revenge for the death of a fighter in Afghanistan
Afghanistan/Qatar relations: Afghanistan/Qatar relations
June 2013 Taliban office in Qatar and anger in Aghanistan: 20 June 2013: Afghan government anger at opening of Taliban office in Qatar leads USA to suspend plans to attend talks - 21 June 2013: USA welcomes Qatar's decision to take down a sign that cast the Taliban's new office in Doha as a rival Afghan embassy saying the militant group can't represent itself 'as an emirate, government or sovereign'
August 2020 Afghanistan IS and Taliban murderous attacks: August 2020 Afghanistan attacks, multiple Islamic state's and Taliban attacks that left at least 165 people dead, and another 177 Afghan citizens were injured
12 September 2020 Afghan government - Taliban negotiations in Doha and women's rights: 12 September 2020 Afghan government - Taliban negotiations in Doha, as Afghan government team also comprises of women's rights activists
Afghanistan/Pakistan relations: Afghanistan/Pakistan relations, the bilateral ties between Afghanistan and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. In August 1947, the partition of British India led to the emergence of Pakistan along Afghanistan's eastern frontier, and the two countries have since had a strained relationship; Afghanistan was the sole country to vote against Pakistan's admission into the UN following the latter's independence.
28 November 2022 Pakistan Taliban ends ceasefire, threatens new attacks ahead of FM visit to Kabul: 28 November 2022: As Pakistan's state minister for foreign affairs Hina Rabbani Khar, will visit Afghanistan on Tuesday, and will hold talks on regional security with the Taliban government in Kabul, the armed group Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan, also known as the Pakistani Taliban, has announced the end of an indefinite ceasefire agreed with the government in June and issued orders to its fighters to carry out attacks across the country
Afghanistan/Portugal: Afghanistan/Portugal relations
21 May 2022 National Institute of Music of Afghanistan, women’s orchestra Zohra in exile in Portugal: 21 May 2022: National Institute of Music of Afghanistan and women’s orchestra Zohra in exile in Portugal after in the summer of 2021, with the return of the Taliban, they had to leave their instruments behind and flee, as Emirate of Qatar prepares its territory hit by heatwaves for Worl Cup 2022 amid ongoing catastrophic covid-19 pandemic
Afghanistan/Russia relations: Afghanistan/Russia relations
1979-1992 history of Afghanistan and foreign powers:: 1979-1992 history of Afghanistan - Soviet–Afghan War 1979-1989, Mujahideen insurgent groups, who received aid from several Western and Muslim countries, fought against the Soviet Army and allied Afghan forces, 850,000–1.5 million civilians were killed in the conflict - 1989-1992 phase of the Afghan Civil War began after the Soviet Union withdrew from Afghanistan, leaving the Afghan communist government to fend for itself against the Mujahideen - War in Afghanistan 1978–present
2015 Putin regime's exchange information with the Taliban: 23 December 2015: Russia wants to supply weapons to Afghanistan and has established communication channels to exchange information with the Taliban, Putin's special envoy on Afghanistan Zamir Kabulov tells Interfax
Afghanistan/Sweden relations: Afghanistan/Sweden relations
Since 1980 'Swedish Committee for Afghanistan': 'Swedish Committee for Afghanistan' aid organisation active in Afghanistan since 1980
2014: On 11 March 2014 Swedish journalist Nils Horner shot dead in a street in Kabul in execution-style - 11 March 2014: Swedish journalist Nils Horner was shot and killed in Kabul in an attack that many worry reflects the growing danger for foreigners in Afghanistan’s capital
2017: 21 May 2017: Unknown gunmen entered a compound housing employees working for Operation Mercy, a Swedish charity in Kabul, killing a German woman and an Afghan guard, and abducting a Finnish woman
Afghanistan/Turkey relations: Afghanistan/Turkey relations
Afghans in Turkey: Afghans in Turkey, about 10,000 people in 2011 and Turkish born Afghans with 38,692 people in 2015
12 July 2021 Afghan family from Herat city who fled Taliban death threats trapped in Istanbul airport since 2 weeks: 12 July 2021: 16 members of an Afghan family from Herat city who fled Taliban death threats have been trapped in Istanbul airport for the past two weeks, and thousands more refugees are making their way overland seeking safety in Turkey, as the security situation in Afghanistan rapidly deteriorates after the withdrawal of USA and Nato forces
16 July 2021 Afghans flee to eastern Turkey as Taliban takes control amid chaos: 16 July 2021: Afghans flee to eastern Turkey as Taliban takes control amid chaos, and as some pay smugglers to take them to Istanbul as withdrawal of USA troops rekindles fears of civil war
6 September 2021 Turkey reinforces border to block Afghan migrant wave: 6 September 2021: Afghans who manage to make the weeks-long journey through Iran on foot to the Turkish border face a three-metre high wall, ditches or barbed wire as Turkish authorities step up efforts to block any refugee influx into the country, France24 reports
Afghanistan/Turkmenistan relations: Afghanistan/Turkmenistan relations - Trans-Afghanistan Pipeline - Afghanistan Oil Pipeline
Afghanistan/United Kingdom relations: Afghanistan/United Kingdom relations: Anglo-Afghanische Kriege - War in Afghanistan since 2001
2012/2013: 18 January 2012: UK troops quizzed over Afghan child abuse - 21 July 2012: More than 800 historic artefacts stolen from museums in Afghanistan returned to Afghanistan - 11 October 2012: Seven UK marines arrested on suspicion of a murder which occurred in Afghanistan in 2011 - 14 October: Five UK marines charged with murder - 24 January 2013: Playing royals in action - the third-in-line to the throne Harry confirmed he shot dead insurgents from the cockpit, saying he took the enemy 'out of the game' - 29 May 2013: Afghans unlawfully held by British forces at Camp Bastion - 29 May: UK to transfer scores of detainees to Afghan facilities - 1 June 2013: Britain must investigate torture in Iraq, Afghanistan, UN says - 4 June 2013: Two British soldiers convicted of abusing Afghans - On 11 March 2014 Swedish journalist Nils Horner shot dead in a street in Kabul in execution-style - 11 March 2014: Swedish journalist Nils Horner, who also had British citizenship, was shot to death on Tuesday while he was talking to a translator on a street in Kabul - 27 April 2014: A commission appointed by Karzai to investigate detention facilities run by USA and British forces claimed to have uncovered secret prisons on two coalition bases
2014 journalist Nils Horner, who also had British citizenship, was shot to death in Kabul: 11 March 2014: Swedish journalist Nils Horner, who also had British citizenship, was shot to death on Tuesday while he was talking to a translator on a street in Kabul - 3/4 December 2014: London Conference on Afghanistan 2014 co-hosted by the UK and Afghanistan - 3 December 2014: In London Afghan president Ghani will have his first meeting with global supporters to discuss the country’s future - 4 December: Afghan president promises to tackle corruption if west holds firm on aid
26 September 2021 UK government asked to urgently resettle female players from Afghanistan’s junior football team: 26 September 2021: The UK government is being asked to urgently resettle female players from Afghanistan’s junior football team who fled the Taliban and have been offered a new life with Leeds United, having to leave Pakistan by 12 October, as their escape from Kabul was sponsored by the Rokit Foundation amid the chaotic withdrawal of western forces last month
24 December 2021 British citizen reportedly detained by the Taliban: 24 December 2021: British citizen Grant Bailey is missing in Afghanistan after a report he has been detained by the Taliban, arrested in the Afghan capital Kabul, where he has been working as a security consultant, coming during a Taliban 'security' clampdown, according to the 'Daily Mirror', as hundreds of Afghans who worked for UK organisations, including the BBC, the British Council and UK forces, have been forced into hiding since the Taliban took over
Afghanistan/USA relations: Afghanistan/USA relations - The Guardian: US gave silent backing to Taliban rise to power
CIA activities: CIA activities in Pakistan
1980–present: Afghan-Pakistani Haqqani network 1980–present, USA's and ISI's fosterling - 9 July 2013: Former ISI chief Ahmed Shuja Pasha has admitted that the deadly Haqqani network was created by it and USA's CIA and claimed that the insurgent group's chief Haqqani had 'in fact been invited to the White House by President Reagan'
2011: 31 May 2011: Karzai bans Nato strikes on Afghan homes - 17 July 2011: Nato begins security handover to local forces in Bamiyan - 16 November: Karzai lays out conditions for US partnership demanding night raids by US and Nato stopped - 5 December: Afghan conference in Bonn as Nato troops eye exit and Pakistan is boycotting the talks - 28 December: President Karzai backs Taliban Qatar office plan
2012: AP 4 January 2012: Taliban to open Qatar office for talks with US - 7 January: Karzai demands US cede Afghan prison control - 30 January: Several Taliban negotiators have begun meeting with American officials in Qatar, where they are discussing preliminary trust-building measures - 16 February: After 11 years of war Afghanistan and USA in 'Taliban talks', Karzai says - 11 mars: Un soldat américain a tué 16 personnes, dont neuf enfants et trois femmes, dimanche matin dans la province de Kandahar - 12 March: The Afghan Parliament demands that the US soldier who killed 16 villagers in their homes should be put on public trial in Afghanistan - 13 March: Hundreds of university students took to the streets in Afghanistan's eastern city of Jalalabad Tuesday to protest the rampage by a US soldier who killed 16 villagers - 15 March: The US soldier accused of killing 16 Afghan villagers has been flown by US military from Afghanistan out to Kuwait - 16 March: US 'did not co-operate' with Kandahar probe - Karzai, in meeting with families of 16 victims, says his investigators were denied access to the accused US soldier - 17 March: US soldier accused of killing 16 Afghan civilians in Kandahar identified as Staff Sergeant Robert Bales - 17 March: British BBC considers the 'personality' of the murder (back in the USA) of Afghan civilians and children and not the situation of the victims and their families - outcry for justice? USA and UK are the murder and responsible, some hundreds of years - 2 mai: Attentat des Taliban à Kaboul et six morts après la visite surprise de Barack Obama à Kaboul aussi prononcant un discours télévisé à l’adresse des Américains depuis la base militaire de Bagram - 7 July: In Kabul USA secretary of state Hillary Clinton designating Afghanistan a major non-NATO ally shortly before major aid conference in Tokyo - 10 September: USA to transfer Bagram prison to Afghans - 25 September: Afghans hail action over USA Marines abuse - 5/6 November: Najeeban in southern Afghanistan is a ghost village, deserted by the surviving inhabitants after a murderous rampage, as Sergeant Robert Bales is due in USA court for a military hearing and prosecutors say they will seek death penalty for Robert Bales, accused of killing 16 civilians - 11 November: USA military court hears Afghan massacre accounts - 12 November: USA Sergeant Bales watches as child after child describes the bloodbath that left their parents and other loved ones dead - 19 November: Afghan president Karzai says USA forces continue to capture and detain Afghans in violation of a deal signed earlier this year
Kandahar massacre 11 March 2012 and trial 2013: Kandahar massacre 11 March 2012 - 5 June 2013: US Sgt. Bales pleads guilty in Afghan massacre - 21 August 2013: Afghan victims confront USA soldier accused of massacre - 24 August: USA army sergeant Bales who murdered 16 Afghan villagers in a horrific rampage was sentenced to life in prison with no possibility of parole
2013 three-city USA tour of Afghan youth orchestra: 9 February 2013: Afghan youth orchestra begins first three-city US tour
2013: 24 February: The Afghan government demands the withdrawal of USA special forces from Wardak and Logar within two weeks accusing them of fuelling 'insecurity and instability' in the volatile provinces - 25 March: US to hand over Bagram jail to Afghans - 29 April 2013: For more than a decade, wads of USA dollars packed into suitcases, backpacks and, on occasion, plastic shopping bags have been dropped off every month or so at the offices of Afghanistan's president - 'courtesy' of the CIA - 19 June: After the Afghan militants opened an office in Qatar to oversee peace negotiations, US officials will meet with Taliban representatives within days - 19 June: The Taliban today claimed responsibility for an overnight attack at Bagram air base that killed four US troops, just hours after USA said its officials would meet the insurgents for talks - 19 June: The Afghan government lashed out at USA efforts to broker peace with the Taliban, suspending security talks with Washington and threatening to boycott contacts with the insurgents - 20 June: USA welcomes Qatar's decision to take down a sign that cast the Taliban's new office in Doha as a rival Afghan embassy saying the militant group can't represent itself 'as an emirate, government or sovereign' - 20 June: Afghan government anger at opening of Taliban office in Qatar leads USA to suspend plans to attend talks - 17 July: Afghan suspect blames USA commandos for civilian murders - 13 September: Deadly truck bomb hits US consulate in Afghanistan - 13 October: Dispute on immunity for USA troops blocks Afghan-USA security pact - 21 November: Afghanistan and USA agree on post 2014 military deal text - 21 novembre: Ouverture de la Loya Jirga, examen de l'accord avec les Etats-Unis - 24 November: Afghan council endorses USA security deal and seeks immediate signing - 26 November: USA says may pull out all troops from Afghanistan as Karzai holds up deal - 13 December: USA can't be aggressive, intimidatory, Afghanistan president Karzai says
2014: 27 April: A commission appointed by Karzai to investigate detention facilities run by USA and British forces claimed to have uncovered secret prisons on two coalition bases - 26 May 2014: Afghanistan expresses anger at USA monitoring 'nearly all' phone calls - 28 May 2014: Announcing a plan to leave 9,800 troops in Afghanistan in 2015, Obama says it's not USA's responsibility to make Afghanistan a perfect place - 28 May: Afghanistan's Karzai welcomes USA plan to withdraw troops by 2016 - 10 December: Afghanistan's President Ashraf Ghani vows to investigate CIA abuse in his country, saying torture described in the USA Senate report 'violates all accepted norms of human rights in the world' - 21 December: USA sends four Afghan Guantanamo prisoners home
2016: 18 janvier 2016: Les autorités afghanes, le Pakistan, la Chine et les Etats-Unis d'Amérique ont repris leurs discussions pour régler le conflit avec les talibans - 28 March: A USA soldier shot and killed an Afghan boy on Monday near an American airfield close to the capital Kabul - 22 May 2016: Afghan Taliban have confirmed the death of leader Mullah Akhtar Mansoor after the USA military announced he was the target of a drone strike in Pakistan - 29 September 2016: Suspected USA drone strike on a home in eastern Afghanistan, where civilians were sleeping after having gathered to welcome home a tribal elder from hajj pilgrimage, has killed at least 15 civilians and injured another 13, according to the United Nations, calling for an independent inquiry - 3 November 2016: As many as 30 civilians were killed in a USA airstrike on Thursday morning called in to protect USA and Afghan troops involved in heavy fighting with the Taliban near Kunduz
August 2018: 13 August 2018: Optimism spread into the Afghan peace process after Taliban officials said groundbreaking preliminary talks with the USA last month were 'very helpful' and that another round will take place in Doha in September - 13 août 2018: Au moins 100 membres des forces de sécurité afghanes ont été tués dans les combats les opposant depuis jeudi soir aux talibans pour le contrôle de la ville de Ghazni
September 2019 cancelled talks on Afghanistan: 8 September 2019: USA's Trump has cancelled talks on Afghanistan that would have brought him face to face with Taliban, asking 'what kind of people would kill so many in order to seemingly strengthen their bargaining position', after the Taliban claimed responsibility for a blast in Kabul that killed 12 people including a USA soldier on Thursday, amid escalation of Taliban terror attacks
29 February 2020 USA and terrorist group Taliban sign deal aimed at ending war in Afghanistan: 29 February 2020: USA and terrorist group Taliban sign deal aimed at ending war in Afghanistan, demanding further talks involving Afghan factions, as prospects for Afghanistan’s future remain uncertain icluding questions concerning terror victims and gains made in women’s rights since the toppling of the Taliban, which had repressed women and girls under a strict brand of Sharia law - 29 February 2020 USA and Taliban agreement
Afghanistan/Uzbekistan relations: Afghanistan/Uzbekistan relations
Since 2008/2009 'Six plus Three Initiative' proposal of Uzbekistan: Since 2008/2009 'Six plus Three Initiative', a proposal of Uzbekistan, aimed at peaceful resolution of the Afghan conflict with participation of the six neighbouring countries to Afghanistan, plus the USA, the Russian Federation and NATO as main anti-terrorist actor in Afghanistan
5 November 2009 Uzbek Afghanistan proposal relevant and timely: 5 November 2009: Recent developments in Afghanistan, the deteriorating situation there and rising casualties among U.S. soldiers necessitate a new look at possible ways of resolving the Afghan conflict, as Washington grapples to find yet another new way forward
21st century Afghan Uzbek people: 21st century Afghan Uzbek people
War in Afghanistan since 2001: War in Afghanistan since 2001
Civil war in Afghanistan 1992–1996 leads to the Taliban controlling most of Afghanistan - Taliban and Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan 1996-2001 - Civil war in Afghanistan 1996–2001 Taliban period
Terrorism in Afghanistan
International Security Assistance Force (ISAF)
"Afghan War Diary" - War crimes in Afghanistan - Civilian casualties of the war in Afghanistan (2001-present)
May 2011: 1 May 2011: 12-year-old boy suicide attack - 18. Mai: Provinz Tahar - Tote bei Protesten nach Nato-Angriff - 29. Mai 2011: 12 Kinder bei Nato-Luftangriff getötet
June 2011: 18. Juni 2011: Karzai bestätigt Gespräche USA-Taliban - 23. Juni 2011: Obama kündigt Abzug von 10.000 Soldaten bis Ende 2011 an - 23 June 2011: Obama announces withdrawal of 10.000 troops this year and another 23.000 by the end of September 2012 - 23. Juni 2011: Nach den USA kündigen weitere Länder Truppenabzug an - 29 juin 2011: Deux journalistes francais retenus en otage par les Talibans libérés après 547 jours
July 2011: 7 July: Afghan protests at civilians deaths in Nato air strike - UN: Deadliest six months for Afghan civilians (14 July 2011) - Nato begins security handover to local forces in Bamiyan 17 July 2011 - 23. Juli 2011: Kommandoübergabe auch in Masar-i-Scharif Juli 2011 - 28 July: BBC reporter Ahmed Omed Khpalwak among 17 victims killed in Afghan Taliban blasts
September 2011: 7 September 2011: Nato suspends Afghan prison transfers - torture allegations - 8 September 2011: Nato-led forces killed BBC-reporter Ahmed Omed Khpulwak - shot dead by an USA-soldier (compare July 28) - 11 September 2011: Five Afghan civilians (including a 3-year-old girl) killed, several Afghans and dozens of US-soldiers wounded in a Taliban suicide bombing targeting USA-base in Wardak province - 21 September: Afghans gather to mourn Burhanuddi Rabbani killed by a suicide bomber - 23 September: Karzai vows to continue Afghan peace effort
October 2011: 29. Oktober 2011: Schwerer Taliban-Angriff auf Nato-Truppen in Kabul
November 2011: 2 November: Turkey summit to map out Afghan future - 24. November 2011: Sechs Kinder bei Nato-Luftangriff in der Provinz Kandahar getötet
December 2011: 8 December 2011: Kabul in grief after Ashoura shrine blast as Karzai vows to take up the issue with Pakistan
January 2012: 12 January 2012: US military to probe 'marine abuse video' - 13 January: US Marines identify desecrators of corpes in Afghanistan as the international community condemns the new US crime - 13 February: US Marine unit in Afghanistan abuse video identified - 18. Januar: Ermittlungen gegen britische Afghanistan-Soldaten wegen Mißbrauchs von Kindern - 19 January: Ongoing atrocities against civilians despite promised talks - 20 January: France suspends Afghan troop training after a deadly attack of an Afghan army soldier - 21. Januar: Frankreich erwägt rascheren Abzug aus Afghanistan
February 2012: 4 February 2012: Afghan civilian deaths rise for fifth year, UN says - 10 February: Hamid Karzai accuses NATO on Thursday of killing eight children in a coalition airstrike in eastern Afghanistan - 23 February: Violence over the burning of copies of the Quran by NATO troops at a military base in Afghanistan - 26 February: Withdrawal of all foreign advisers in Afghanistan announced after killing of two US military officers in Kabul's interior ministry
March 2012: 11 March: US soldier kills Afghan civilians in Kandahar - 15. März 2012: Karzai will Nato früher aus Afghanistan haben - ISAF-Truppen sollen sich ab sofort aus Dörfern zurückziehen – Taliban sagen Gespräche mit den USA ab - 16. März 2012: Schon wieder getötete afghanische Kinder, diesmal durch Nato-Helikopterabsturz auf ein Wohnhaus in Kabul
April 2012: 16 April: Sunday Taliban assault on Afghan capital 'over' - officials say all Taliban fighters involved in Kabul attack are dead - 17. April 2012: Laut Behördenberichten haben islamische Extremisten und Gegner von Mädchenschule 150 Mädchen an einer weiterführenden Schule mit kontaminiertem Wasser vergiftet und einige schwer verletzt - 19 April: Probe ordered into behaviour depicted by images showing US troops posing with mangled bodies of suspected suicide bombers
May 2012: 13. Mai 2012: Rückschlag für Dialog mit den Taliban - afghanischer Vermittler Maulwi Arsala Rahman ermordet - 19 May: 13 dead in Afghan suicide bombing at a lunch gathering of Afghan police and local civilians in southeast Afghanistan - 21 May: 'Hard days ahead' in Afghanistan, Obama says at a Nato summit in Chicago dominated by the issue of withdrawal from Afghanistan - 27 May: An airstrike by the US-led NATO coalition killa eight members of a family in eastern Afghanistan, Afghan authorities say
June 2012: 6 June: 17 civilians have been killed in a NATO airstrike in eastern Afghanistan, the head of Logar provincial council says - 9 June: Visiting Logar province US general apologises for Afghan deaths - 9 June: Start of French troop pullout in July confirmed hours after four French soldiers were killed - 22 juin: Les talibans attaquent un hôtel proche de Kaboul - 26 June: Four villages in country's east create National Uprising Movement to protect residents from violence
July 2012: 8 July: Donors at an international conference in Tokyo have pledged to give $16bn in civilian aid over four years, in an attempt to safeguard Afghanistan's future - 9 July: Roadside bombs and attacks killed and injured Afghan civilians, policemen and Nato members - 13 July: Female Afghan politician Hanifa Safi killed in a bomb attack in eastern Afghanistan - 14 July: Suicide bomber kills 22 in northern Afghanistan - MP Ahmad Khan Samangani killed in the attack - 14 July: The deadly suicide bombing in Samangan Province targeted a wedding party for MP Ahmad Khan's daughter - 15 July: Afghan minister Obaidullah Obaid survives a bomb attack on his motorcade in northern Afghanistan
August 2012: 20 August: New Zealand signals exit from Afghanistan earlier in 2013 than planned - 27 August: Taliban attack an Afghan army post in the troubled southern province of Helmand - 28 August: A group of 17 civilians - 15 men and two women - have been killed by the Taliban in southern Afghanistan
September 2012: 1 September: A suicide bombing at a large NATO military base in central Afghanistan kills at least six Afghan civilians - 4 September: Suicide bomber killed at least 25 civilians and wounded dozens at a funeral for a village elder in the village of Shagai in the Durbaba district - 8 September: Taliban claims responsibility for a 'teenage' suicide bomber attack that kills six people, the dead and wounded all street sellers aged between 12 and 17 - 10 September: At least 16 people killed in blast targeting policemen at crowded intersection in urban capital of Kunduz province - 15 September: The Taliban say they carried out an attack on Nato's Camp Bastion in revenge for the film made in the US seen as insulting to Islam - 16 September: Four foreign soldiers and one Afghan policeman killed in latest 'insider' attack in Zabul province - 16 September: Nato air strike kills at least eight women and children in Laghman and injured seven - nobody protects the Afghan people and civilians against deadly attacks and war crimes, repeated again and again - 18 September: Hezb-e-Islami group claims responsibility for a female suicide attack on a minibus in Kabul killing 12 people, including several foreigners working for an international courier company
October 2012: 1 October: Suicide bomber wearing police uniform kills 13 in Khost, including at least three police and three Nato soldiers - 13 October: At least eight people were killed in attacks in southern Afghanistan - 15 October: Afghan officials say that a NATO air strike killed three children while it was targeting Taliban planting mines on a road in Helmand province's Nawa district - 26 October: In a second suspected insider attack in two days two US troops die in the southern Uruzgan province - 26 October: Attack by man in police uniform leaves over 40 killed and injured outside mosque in northern province of Faryab - 30 October: Apparent insider attack kills two NATO troops in Nahri Sarraj district - 31 October: A roadside bomb blew up a civilian truck in Musa Qala that killed 10, including seven young women and three children
November 2012: 4 November: A roadside bombing in southern Afghanistan has killed a district police chief, as fighters increasingly target Afghan security forces amid the draw-down of foreign troops - 11 November: A mother and her newborn baby were among six family members killed in a roadside bombing in eastern Afghanistan - 11/12 November: Nato soldier killed in the latest 'insider' attack in a joint camp in Nad Ali district of Helmand province while 11 Afghan civilians lose their lives in land mine blasts - 21 novembre: Un attentat suicide dans l'enclave diplomatique de Kaboul mercredi matin a fait deux morts - 23 November: A Taliban suicide bomber kills two people and wounds 40 others, including women and children, in an attack in Wardak province - 29 November: A roadside bomb exploded under a passenger van in the Deh Rawood district of Uruzgan province, killing 10 people, most of them women and children
December 2012: 2 December: Taliban suicide attack on Afghan NATO base kills 12 in Jalalabad - 10 December: Suspected Taliban gunmen shoot dead women's affairs official in Laghman, while Nimroz province police chief dies in roadside bombing - 17 December: Collecting firewood several young girls have been killed in a landmine explosion in Nangarhar province - 20 December: A roadside bomb kills two policemen and five civilians in Zaranj, Nimroz province - 24 December: A female Afghan police officer shot and wounded a Nato advisor in Kabul police headquarters - 26 December: A Taliban suicide bomber killed three people in an attack on a US base in the eastern town of Khost, the base that is believed to be used by the CIA - 27 December: Four Afghan policemen were killed and two wounded in a Taliban attack in the southern province of Uruzgan
January 2013: 6 January 2013: At least four people were killed and 15 others wounded in a twin suicide attack inside a meeting of community leaders in Spin Boldak - 8 January: Afghan soldier kills British soldier, wounds six - 16 January: Taliban target Afghan intelligence HQ in deadly attack - 21 January: Fierce gunfight after co-ordinated Taliban-claimed attacks on traffic police headquarters in western Kabul - 27 January: At least 10 people have been killed after a roadside bomb detonated in Kandahar
February 2013: 9 February: A landmine explosion ripped through a civilian vehicle in Nad Ali district of Helmand province and killed six members of a family - 13 February: A NATO air strike killed 10 Afghan civilians, including five children, in the Shigal district of Kunar province - 19 February: Karzai signs ban to limit Nato air strike assistance - 24 February: On Sunday morning three suicide bombings in outlying provinces and a shootout in Kabul - 24 February: The Afghan government demands the withdrawal of US special forces from Wardak and Logar within two weeks accusing them of fuelling 'insecurity and instability' in the volatile provinces - 27 February: At least nine injured, mostly army personnel, after bomber detonates near bus carrying Afghan soldiers
March 2013: 3 March: Nato troops kill two Afghan boys due to alleged mistaken identity - 9 March: As new US defence secretary visits Kabul nine people killed in apparent suicide attack at Kabul defence ministry and at least nine people - eight of them civilians and one a policeman - killed in a suicide bombing in Khost city - 12 March 2013: Two US soldiers were killed and 10 wounded in a suspected insider attack in Afghanistan, after President Karzai accused US of colluding with the Taliban to justify its presence in the country - 26 March: Taliban claims responsibility after eight suicide bombers kill five security officers in attack on a base in Jalalabad - 30 March: A Nato helicopter strike kills two children close to Ghazni city in southern Afghanistan - 31 March: Kabul government seeks to explore the possibility of talks with Taliban
April 2013: 4 April: Taliban killed over 50 people and injured 100 others in a seven-hour-long attack on a court complex in Farah city - 4 April: An airstrike by US-led forces killed four policemen and two civilians in the Deh Yak district of Ghazni province - 5 April: A bomb strapped to the back of a donkey killed one policeman and wounded three civilians in the Alingar district in Laghman province - 6 April: Six Nato personnel were killed on Saturday in two separate attacks in Qalat city and in the southern province of Zabul - 8 April: Nato airstrike kills 11 children in Afghanistan's Kunar province, officials say - 12 avril: Au moins treize soldats afghans ont été tués lors d'une attaque des talibans contre un avant-poste de l'armée dansle district de Nari, de la province de Kunar
May 2013: 2 May 2013: Three British soldiers killed in a blast in Helmand province - 5 May: Seven US soldiers were killed in two separate attacks in Afghanistan in Maiwand district and in the western province of Farah on Saturday - 16 May: Suicide attack on Nato convoy in Kabul kills six civilians - 24 May: Taliban attack UN compound in Afghan capital, two gunmen killed - 25 May: Mosque blast kills 12 people in Ghazni province's district of Andar - 29 May: 7 foreign aid workers rescued after militants detonated a suicide bomb and waged a gun battle at the International Committee of the Red Cross in Jalalabad, killing an Afghan security guard
June 2013: 4 June: Afghanistan road bomb kills three children and their father, injuring the mother critically - 10 June: All seven militants who launched an attack Monday on Kabul airport died in the assault - 11 June: Suicide blast in Kabul kills at least 17 people at Supreme Court - 18 June: Afghan forces take lead on security from Nato - 25 juin: Échec d'une attaque des Taliban sur le palais présidentiel à Kaboul - 25 juin: Huit femmes et un enfant d'une même famille ont été tués par une bombe dans la province de Kandahar, alors qu'ils se rendaient à une cérémonie de fiançailles - 26 June: Karzai and Obama commit to Taliban talks despite attack
July 2013: 2 July: Seven people killed in Kabul attack on Nato supply firm in Kabul - 8 July: Afghan forces killed 18 Taliban and lost five of their own troops in operations in the country's east - 9 July: 17 Afghan civilians, 12 women, four children and one man, killed by a roadside bomb in Herat's Obe district - 18 July: Taliban kill eight Afghan workers on their way to US military base south of Kabul - 31 July: Civilian casualties in the Afghan war rose 23% the first half of this year due to Taliban attacks and increased fighting between insurgents and government forces, the UN says
August 2013: 2 août: Vingt-deux policiers afghans et 76 talibans ont été tués au cours de combats dans la province de Nangarhar - 3 August: Reports say a suicide bomber launched an attack near Indian consulate in Jalalabad leaving at least eight children dead and several injured - 28 August: Taliban executed 12 Afghan civilians in two separate incidents, including five aid workers - 31 August: A suicide bomber detonated his explosives near a police checkpoint and a bank in southern Afghanistan, one of two attacks that killed 18 people
September 2013: 2 September: A group of Taliban suicide bombers attacked a US base near the border with Pakistan on Monday morning, leading to multiple explosions, a gunfight and the closure of a key road - 13 September: Deadly truck bomb hits US consulate in Afghanistan
October 2013: 15 octobre: Le gouverneur de la province afghane du Logar a été tué mardi par l'explosion d'une bombe cachée dans un microphone - 27 October: A roadside bomb killed 18 civilians and wounded five as they rode a small bus home after attending a wedding in the Ghazni province
November 2013: 16 November: Deadly suicide blast in Kabul ahead of security talks
January-June 2014: 18 January: Up to 21 people were killed, mostly foreigners and including IMF and UN staff, in a Taliban attack on a popular restaurant in Kabul - 26 January: A Taliban suicide bomber has attacked a military bus in Kabul, killing at least four people - 21 February: Three male suicide attackers wearing burqas attacked a police headquarters close to Kabul, killing one policeman - 23 February: The Taliban attacked an Afghan army base in Kunar province, killing 19 soldiers and kidnapping seven - 6 March: A NATO airstrike in eastern Afghanistan accidentally killed five Afghan soldiers - 14 March: A roadside bomb in Helmand province kills six civilians, including two women and two children - 18 March: Suicide bomber kills at least 13 civilians in Maimana, the capital of Faryab province - 20 March: Taliban assault on police station in Jalalabad kills 10 police officers and a civilian - 21 March: Nine people - three women, two children and four foreigners - were killed in a highly secure Kabul hotel by four teenaged Taliban fighters, who were killed too - 30 April: Afghan troops backed by Western air power killed at least 60 militants near the Pakistan border, in one of the single biggest assaults against the Taliban-linked Haqqani network - 10 June: USA soldiers came under heavy fire from Taliban militants and called in air strike but helicopters shot wrong targets leaving five troops and one Afghan soldier dead
July 2014: 9 July 2014: Number of civilians killed or injured in Afghanistan's war in first six months of 2014 rises by quarter, with more than 1,000 of those children, UN report says - 16 July: Afghanistan car bomb leaves at least 89 civilians in crowded Urgun bazaar dead
September/October 2014: 27 September 2014: After Taliban fighters had killed more than 100 people in the area, Afghan villagers hanged four captured Taliban militants from a tree as security forces battled the insurgents for a sixth day in a district of Ghazni province - 28 September 2014: Bomb explodes in Kabul diplomatic quarter, a day ahead of presidential inauguration - 21 October: At least four Afghan soldiers killed and six others and six civilians wounded by a Taliban roadside bomb in Kabul
November/December 2014: 27 November: Suicide attack at British embassy vehicle in Kabul, killing at least five Afghan civilians and wounding more than 30 others - 11 December: A Taliban suicide bomber targeting a bus in Kabul killed six Afghan soldiers and wounded 11, five Afghan schoolchildren were also reported killed in an air strike by foreign forces in northern Parwan province - 17 December: A day after Pakistan Taliban attacked a school in Peshawar killing at least 141 people, Taliban storm New Kabul bank in Lashkar Gah in Helmand, killing at least 10 people - 20 December: Afghan civilian casualties hit record high in 2014, UN says - 27 December: NATO-led foreign force mistakenly killed three civilians in an air strike - 28 December 2014: After 13 years of war, Nato formally ends its combat operations, leaving the Afghan army and police in charge of security in a country plagued by continued fighting
January-June 2015: 1 January: After Afghan army mortars reportedly killed at least 20 civilians attending a wedding party in southern Helmand, Afghan police is investigating - 16 February: Popular female politician Angiza Shinwari in east Afghanistan died in hospital following a bomb attack on her vehicle, her driver was also killed in the explosion and four other people injured - 18 February 2015: Afghan civilian deaths hit record high, as insurgents, government forces and international troops all contribute to highest total in five years since records began - 18 April: Suicide blast kills 33 outside a bank in Afghanistan city of Jalalabad - 4 May: A Taliban suicide attack in Kabul targeting government employees kills at least one person - 21 June: A roadside bomb killed at least 19 Afghan civilians including nine children in southern Helmand province, trying to go home, while Taliban fighters in the north captured a key district on the frontline of the battle for Kunduz city - June 2015 Kabul Parliament attack - 22 June: The Taliban attacked the Afghan parliament, setting off at least one large bomb and igniting a gun battle with security forces, all attackers reportedly killed - 23 June: Afghan government forces regain control of a key district near the northern city of Kunduz
July-September 2015: 20 July 2015: At least seven Afghan soldiers feared to have died after a USA helicopter attack on an Afghan army outpost in Logar province - 27 July: Gunfight kills at least 20 people and wounds ten others at wedding in Deh Salah district in Baghlan in northern Afghanistan - 5 August: UN reveals 1,591 civilians killed and 3,329 wounded as war enters its 14th year, as fighting in residential areas and greater role of militias contribute to increase with women and children showing the sharpest rise in casualties - 7 August: A truck bomb reportedly exploded near an army compound in the center of Kabul killing at least eight people and wounding close to 200 - 7/8 August: Taliban suicide attack kills at least 20 police cadets in Kabul, as wave of attacks kills at least 35 people and wounds hundreds in the deadliest 24 hours in the Afghan capital in years - 10 August: A car bomb exploded near the entrance to Kabul airport on Monday, killing at least four civilians and wounding 17, including a woman and a child - 23 August: Three USA contractors were among 12 people killed by a Kabul bomb that targeted their NATO convoy - 14/15 September: Gunmen in northern Afghanistan torch UN food trucks in latest attack on aid workers, as Taliban storm Ghazni jail and free 350 inmates
September-December 2015: 2015 Battle of Kunduz - 29 September 2015: Taliban retakes Kunduz in northern Afghanistan, freeing hundreds of militants - 29 September: USA strike targets Taliban as Afghan troops mount Kunduz counterattack
3 October 2015 bombing of Médecins Sans Frontières hospital in Kunduz - 3 October 2015: A USA air strike on a hospital in Kunduz on Saturday left several 'Doctors Without Borders' staff dead and dozens of others seriously wounded in a grave violation of International Humanitarian Law, the charity says, adding that the location of MSF hospital 'known' to USA forces and partners
11 October: A Taliban suicide car bomber targeted a convoy of foreign troops in the Afghan capital during rush hour-traffic - 28 November 2015: A suicide bomber targeted a senior member of Afghanistan's election commission in Kabul on Saturday, killing his driver and wounding several passersby - 11 December: A Taliban car bomb explosion hit a diplomatic area of central Kabul, killing a Spanish police officer and wounding seven civilians - 21 décembre 2015: Le Helmand menacé par une offensive des talibans - 21 décembre: Six soldats de l'Otan en mission près de Kaboul ont été tués dans un attentat suicide des talibans - 24 décembre: L'armée essaie de briser le siège de Sangin
February 2016: 1 February 2016 Kabul bombing - 6 February 2016: Four-country talks in the Pakistani capital of Islamabad resume to revive Afghan peace plan - 14 février 2016: En Afghanistan 11'002 civils sont tué ou blessé en 2015, a rapporté dimanche l'ONU dans son bilan annuel
April 2016: 12 April 2016: Taliban announce start of 'spring offensive', pledging to launch large-scale attacks, suicide bombs and guerrilla warfare - 17 April 2016: An increasing number of Afghan civilians are killed and injured at the hands of government forces fighting extremist groups, according to UN's report, showing a 70% rise in civilian casualties caused by pro-government forces, with 127 killed and 242 wounded in the first three months of 2016, as a total of 600 civilians (including many children) were killed and 1,343 injured during that period
19 April 2016: 19 April 2016 Kabul attack - 19 April: Several people have been killed and scores injured after a Taliban car bomb exploded in a crowded area of Kabul near ministries, and a gun battle ensued between attackers and security forces
May-June 2016: 25 mai: Dix personnes ont été tuées et quatre blessées dans une attaque visant un minibus transportant des employés d'un tribunal dans la banlieue ouest de Kaboul - 20 June 2016: Suicide bombing claimed by Taliban in Kabul kills 14 Nepalese security guards, while another attack in country’s north kills at least eight people
June 2016: 30 June 2016 Afghanistan bombings - 30 juin: Au moins 27 morts dans une attaque contre un convoi dans un quartier populaire de l'ouest de Kaboul
July/August 2016: 23 July 2016 Kabul bombing - 24 July 2016: At least 80 people have been killed and 231 others injured in twin suicide bombings at a demonstration in Kabul of thousands of Hazara over the route of a planned multi-million-dollar power line - 24 July 2016: Relatives of some of those killed in a big suicide attack in Kabul searched through a bloodied assortment of belongings left after the twin blasts as they prepared for funerals on Sunday in a mood of growing anger with political leaders - 1 August 2016: Taliban claim responsibility for blast in Pul-e-Charkhi neighbourhood of Afghan capital that occurred at same time as widespread power cuts, also killing a police officer in the attack - 4 August: A group of western tourists, including eight Britons, three USA citizens and one German. on a sightseeing adventure tour of Afghanistan have been ambushed by Taliban gunmen
September-November 2016: 29 September 2016: Suspected USA drone strike on a home in eastern Afghanistan, where civilians were sleeping after having gathered to welcome home a tribal elder from hajj pilgrimage, has killed at least 15 civilians and injured another 13, according to the United Nations, calling for an independent inquiry - 3 October: Taliban launch coordinated assault on Afghan city of Kunduz - 10/11 November 2016: Attack on German consulate in the northern Mazar-i-Sharif with a car packed with explosives, reportedly killing at least four people and wounding scores, claimed by the Taliban in retaliation for Nato airstrike last week near the northern city of Kunduz, in which more than 30 people, many of them children, were killed - 12 November: At least 4 people killed as explosion hits USA Bagram Airfield base in Afghanistan, claimed by the Taliban - 21 November 2016: Dozens killed and more than 80 injured in attack on mosque in Afghan capital in latest attack targeting Shia community
2017: 6 February 2017: Civilian casualty toll in 2016 was highest in 15 years, with 923 children killed and 2,589 injured, mainly from ground engagements, according to the UN, which has documented 11,418 casualties, including 3,498 deaths - 7 February: Dozens killed in suicide blast at Afghanistan's supreme court, which happened as judicial staff were leaving work for the day in country’s capital - 8 February 2017: Six Afghan Red Cross aid workers killed in an ambush in the country’s north while travelling through Dasht-e Leili to a remote area to deliver humanitarian aid - 12 February 2017: USA airstrikes in Afghanistan’s Helmand province may have been responsible for the deaths of at least 18 civilians, mostly women and children, according to the UN and local sources - 1 March 2017: Multiple attacks in Afghanistan's capital Kabul, claimed by Taliban
March 2017 Kabul attack: 8 March 2017 Kabul attack - 8 March 2017: 'Islamic State' terrorist claims responsibility for Kabul hospital attack by fake doctors, that left at least 49 people dead and an unknown number injured
April/May 2017 and Mazar-i-Sharif attack: 14 April 2017: Up to 36 suspected Islamic State militants were killed in the Achin district of Afghanistan's eastern province of Nangarhar, when the USA dropped the largest non-nuclear bomb GBU-43/B ever used in combat, targeting a 'tunnel complex’ - 21/22 April 2017: More than 100 Afghan soldiers were killed and wounded after Taliban suicide attackers disguised as army personnel targeted a national army base in Mazar-i-Sharif - 4 May 2017: Fear and doubt as notorious 'butcher of Kabul' Gulbuddin Hekmatyar returns with talk of peace
3 May 2017 Kabul attack: 3 May 2017: Suicide attack on Nato convoy in Kabul kills at least eight Afghan civilians, wounding three USA service members
31 May and 3 June 2017 Kabul attacks: 31 May 2017 Kabul attack - 31 May 2017: At least 80 killed, 350 injured in massive Kabul car bombing, also damaging French, German embassies in diplomatic quarter - 3 June 2017 Kabul attack - 3 June 2017: At least seven people have been killed and more than 119 wounded in three separate explosions at a high-profile funeral in Kabul for one of several protesters killed on Friday at a large demonstration calling for the resignation of the government after the large truck bomb killed nearly 100 people on Wednesday
June/July 2017: 15 June 2017: At least four people have been killed in Kabul after a suicide bomber and gunmen attacked Shia mosque in western Kabul where worshippers had gathered, in latest of a string of attacks on civilians in Afghanistan during holy month of Ramadan - 18 June 2017: Dozens of people have been killed or wounded after up to five suicide bombers attacked a police headquarters in eastern Afghanistan's Gardez city, the capital of Paktia province, on Sunday - 22 June 2017: At least 15 people have been killed in suicide car bombing in the capital of Afghanistan’s Helmand province - 24 July 2017: Dozens dead in Kabul bombing targeting government workers - 31 July 2017: 'Islamic State' terrorists claim Iraqi embassy suicide attack in Kabul
August 2017: 1 August 2017: A suicide attack on a Shia mosque in the city of Herat in western Afghanistan reportedly killed at least 29 people and wounded more than 64 - 2 August 2017: Two USA soldiers killed in Taliban suicide bomb attack on a Nato convoy near Kandahar - 6 August 2017: Unidentified militants, reported to be Taliban and Isis attacked a village in the northern Afghan province of Sar-e Pul, torching 30 houses and killing as many as 50 people, including women and children, according to officials - 26 August 2017: 'Islamic State' terrorist group claims responsibility for an attack on a mosque in Kabul after suicide bomb and gun battle kills at least 30 people - 29 August 2017: At least four people were killed and several others injured after a suicide bomber blew himself up at a bank close to the USA embassy compound in Kabul
October 2017: 14 October 2017: Afghan officials say USA drone strike killed militants in Kunar province on Thursday but local MP claims victims were civilians - 17 October 2017: Police officers and civilians are killed as wave of Taliban attacks on Afghan forces kills at least 74, targeting government facilities in south, east and west of country - 19 October 2017: Taliban suicide bombers have killed at least 43 Afghan soldiers by ramming two stolen Humvees strapped with explosives into an army base - 29 October 2017: More than 70 people have been killed in twin suicide bombings on mosques in Afghanistan
November 2017: 4 November 2017: USA airstrikes have killed scores of civilians in the northern Afghan province of Kunduz, according to officials and residents in the area, a fierce battleground that has been hit by several errant USA airstrikes in recent years - 14 novembre 2017: Une trentaine de policiers et militaires afghans ont été tués depuis lundi dans une série d'attaques meurtriers talibanes contre des points de contrôle
December 2017: 17 December 2017: At least 11 Afghan plice killed In Taliban attack in the southern province of Helmand - 22 December 2017: Six police officers in Maiwand district in southern Afghanistan's Kandahar Province have been killed in a suicide car bombing, claimed by the Taliban - 25 December 2017: A suicide attacker on foot blew himself up near a compound belonging to the Afghan intelligence agency in Kabul on Monday, reportedly killing six civilians and wounding three others - 28 December 2017: Dozens of people, many of them students, have been killed in a suicide attack on an office of the Afghan Voice news agency and a neighbouring cultural centre in Kabul - 31 décembre 2017: Au moins quinze personnes ont trouvé la mort et quatorze autres ont été blessées par un kamikaze qui s'est fait exploser lors de funérailles à Nangarhar dans l'est du pays
January 2018: 4 January 2018: A suicide attacker blew himself up near a crowd of police and protesters in Kabul on Thursday, killing at least 11 people and wounding 25 others - 12 janvier 2018: Treize combattants ont été tués lors des frappes américaines menées dans l'est de l'Afghanistan sur une milice progouvernementale afghane, après une attaque apparente d'un élément infiltré - 21 January 2018: Afghan forces end Kabul hotel siege that left at least six dead, claimed by Taliban - 24 January 2018: Four gunmen have stormed the Save the Children office in Jalalabad, killing at least two people and wounding 14, in an attack claimed by Islamic State terrorists - 27 January 2018: A bomb hidden in an ambulance reportedly killed and wounded scores of people at an Afghan police checkpoint in an area of Kabul near foreign embassies and government buildings - 29 January 2018: 11 Afghan soldiers and four attackers die in assault on well-defended Marshal Fahim military academy in Kabul
February/March 2018: 24 February 2018: At least 23 people were killed and more than a dozen wounded in multiple suicide bombings and attacks, as Taliban fighters stormed an army base in the western province of Farah, the latest in a series of assaults in the war-torn country - 2 mars 2018: Une voiture-suicide a percuté un convoi de l'ambassade d'Australie dans l'est de Kaboul, faisant au moins un mort, un enfant de 12 ans, et 22 blessés - 9 mars 2018: Un kamikaze à pied s'est fait exploser vendredi dans un quartier chiite de Kaboul, tuant au moins sept personnes - 21 mars 2018: Un attentat suicide a fait au moins vingt-six morts devant l'université de Kaboul et une vingtaine de personnes ont été blessées dans l'explosion durant les célébrations de Norouz, le Nouvel an perse
April/May 2018: 30 April 2018: A coordinated double suicide bombing hit central Kabul on Monday morning, killing at least 25 people, including six journalists, an AFP photographer and a cameraman for a local TV station, and wounding at least 45 people, Afghan officials say - 7 May 2018: Rockets and heavy machine guns fired from Afghan government helicopters killed and wounded at least 107 boys and men attending a religious ceremony near Kunduz last month, according to a UN report
July/August 2018: 10 juillet 2018: Dix personnes dont huit civils ont été tuées mardi dans un attentat-suicide dans l'est du pays, qui visait un véhicule des forces de sécurité afghanes - 15 July 2018: Civilian deaths in Afghanistan at record high, UN says, as surge in Isis suicide attacks blamed for 1% rise to 1,692 fatalities in first half of year - 10 August 2018: Taliban fighters armed with heavy weapons have tried to overrun provincial capital Ghazni, attacking security forces and killing at least 14 police officers before being pushed back, as USA attack helicopters and drone aircraft provided government forces with air support - 13 August 2018: Reinforcements are being sent to aid Afghan forces as they continue to battle the Taliban for control of Ghazni city - 14 août 2018: Au moins quatorze soldats ont perdu la vie mardi, lors d'une attaque menée par des talibans contre la base de Chenaya dans le nord de l'Afghanistan, l'assaut sur Ghazi continue
20 August 2018: Fighting continues to free 21 remaining hostages, after Afghan forces have rescued 149 people, including children, who were abducted by the Taliban hours earlier in the northern Kunduz province following conditional ceasefire announcement by Afghan president Ashraf Ghani
September/October 2018: 23 septembre 2018: Huit enfants, dont quatre de la même famille, ont été tués dans le nord-ouest de l'Afghanistan quand l'obus de mortier avec lequel ils jouaient a explosé - 7 October 2018: Beheadings, roadside bombs and airstrikes, on the anniversary of the start of the latest war in Afghanistan, an investigation into a 24-hour period shows how fiercely the conflict continues - 7 octobre 2018: Les assauts répétés des talibans ont coûté la vie à au moins dix policiers dans la province de Wardak dans le centre de l'Afghanistan
November 2018: 23 November 2018: An explosion ripped through a mosque inside an Afghan army base in eastern Khost province as Friday prayers were drawing to a close, killing 27 soldiers and wounding 57 - 26 November 2018: At least 20 policemen have been killed when the Taliban ambushed a police convoy in western Farah province, reportedly on its way to the Lash wa Juwayn district to introduce newly appointed district police chief - 28 November 2018: At least 30 Afghan civilians reportedly killed in USA air strike in Helmand province - 29 November 2018: 5 employees of the security firm G4S, one British and four Afghan, have been killed in a Taliban bomb and gun attack on the company’s compound in Kabul
December 2018: 11 décembre 2018: Quatre membres des forces de sécurité afghanes ont été tués et six blessés lors d'une attaque-suicide contre leur convoi mardi matin dans un district proche de Kaboul, revendiquée par les talibans - 24/25 December 2018: At least 43 people killed in attack on Kabul government compound, as Afghan officials blame Taliban for car bomb and gun attack, after hours-long shootout prompts terrified workers to jump out of windows several floors up
January 2019: 11 January 2019: Civilian deaths and injuries in Afghanistan from explosive weapons rose by more than a third last year, against a downward trend globally, according to a report by 'Action on Armed Violence'
21 January 2019 Maidan Shar attack: 21 January 2019 Maidan Shar military compound attack by the Taliban, killing over 100 Afghan National Security Forces members
February 2019 UN report: 24 February 2019: A record number of civilians were killed in Afghanistan in 2018 according to a UN report, which blames an increase in suicide bombings by 'Islamic State' terrorists, Taliban insurgents and airstrikes by USA-led coalition forces, saying 3,804 civilians were killed in 2018 and another 7,189 were wounded
March 2019: 2 March 2019: Taliban targeted Afghan and foreign forces at a government army camp in Helmand province, which is a major source of the world's illegal opium supply, killing at least 23 people, wounding other troops, and claiming responsibility for attack even as negotiators meet for talks with USA peace envoy in Qatar - 22 March 2019: Two USA service members have been killed during an operation in Afghanistan, officials say
April 2019: 24 avril 2019: Les forces internationales ont été responsables de la mort de 305 civils au premier trimestre 2019, contre 227 pour les groupes insurgés, tandis que la plupart des décès sont intervenus lors de bombardements aériens américains ou de missions de reconnaissance au sol, menées essentiellement par les forces afghanes, dont certaines 'semblent agir en toute impunité', selon le rapport de la Mission d'assistance des Nations unies en Afghanistan, demandant des enquêtes
May 2019: 5 May 2019: Beginning with a suicide bombing, Taliban terrorists have attacked the police headquarters in the northern Afghan city of Pul-e-Khumri, as hospital sources say at least 40 people have lost their lives or have been seriously injured - 8 May 2019: The Taliban have killed at least five people in a suicide attack on the offices of a USA aid group in the heart of the Afghan capital, claiming it targeted 'Counterpart International' because it promoted women 'mixing' with men
July 2019: 1 juillet 2019: Au moins une personne est morte et une cinquantaine d'écoliers ont été blessés par l'explosion lundi d'une voiture piégée, suivie de l'irruption d'assaillants armés dans un bâtiment du centre de Kaboul, revendiquée par les talibans - 6 juillet 2019: Au moins 14 personnes ont été tuées et des dizaines d'autres blessées lorsqu'un marché dans le nord de l'Afghanistan a été atteint par des tirs de mortiers, attribués aux talibans - 30 July 2019: More Afghan civilians were killed by Afghan and Nato forces than by the Taliban and other militants in the first half of 2019, according to UN figures, blaming 717 deaths on pro-Kabul forces and 531 on militants, confirming similar findings for the first quarter of the year
31 August 2019 Taliban attack on Kunduz: 31 August 2019: The Taliban have launched a new attack on Afghanistan’s city of Kunduz, even as the insurgent group continued negotiations with the USA on ending USA's longest war
8 September 2019 Taliban threats: 8 September 2019: Taliban warns of more USA dead after Trump says he cancelled peace talks, asking 'what kind of people would kill so many in order to seemingly strengthen their bargaining position', following a rising number of Taliban terror attacks in 2019, killing many civilians and USA soldiers ahead of September presidential election
11 September 2019 rocket blast in Kabul: 11 September 2019: Rocket blast at USA Embassy in Kabul on 9/11 anniversary
19 September 2019 USA drone strike: 19 September 2019: USA drone strike intended to hit an Islamic State hideout in Afghanistan has killed at least 30 civilians who were resting after harvesting pine nuts
23 September 2019 anti-Taliban raid went wrong: 23 September 2019: At least 24 civilians were killed Monday during a raid conducted by Afghan special forces on Taliban hideouts in the southern Helmand province, wounding another 12, provincial officials said
29 September 2019: 29 September 2019: An airstrike by USA-led forces overnight in eastern Afghanistan killed at least five civilians, according to local villagers, carrying the bodies of the dead to the province's capital of Ghazni, as USA military in Kabul confirmed airstrikes in the nearby Khoja Omari and Khogyani districts killing 11 Taliban fighters, but did not confirm civilian casualties, and as Saturday's vote was marred by violence, Taliban threats and widespread allegations of mismanagement and abuse
October 2019 anger grows at civilian deaths by USA forces: 6 October 2019: Anger grows at civilian deaths by USA and Afghan forces, after workers, sleeping on the mountainside where they had spent a long day harvesting pine nuts, were targeted by feared USA airstrike despite waved aside warnings
December 2019: 4 décembre 2019: Un médecin japonais responsable d'une ONG et cinq afghans ont été tués dans une attaque visant leur véhicule à l'est de l'Afghanistan - 26 December 2019: A powerful suicide car bombing targeted an Afghan army compound in the country's north, killing six Afghan soldiers, the defense ministry said, terrorist group Taliban quickly claimed responsibility for the attack - 28 décembre 2019: Dix soldats afghans ont été tués dans une attaque des talibans contre une base militaire dans la province septentrionale de Helmand samedi - 30 December 2019: Taliban targeted a pro-government militia compound in northern Afghanistan before dawn on Monday, killing 14 people including a policeman, as the Taliban quickly claimed responsibility for the attack
1 January 2020 murderous Taliban attacks: 1 January 2020: The Taliban unleashed a new wave of attacks in northern Afghanistan, targeting members of the country's security forces and killing at least 26, local officials said
29 February 2020 USA and terrorist group Taliban sign deal aimed at ending war in Afghanistan: 29 February 2020: USA and terrorist group Taliban sign deal aimed at ending war in Afghanistan, demanding further talks involving Afghan factions, as prospects for Afghanistan’s future remain uncertain icluding questions concerning terror victims and gains made in women’s rights since the toppling of the Taliban, which had repressed women and girls under a strict brand of Sharia law - 29 February 2020 USA and Taliban agreement
2 March 2020 terrorist group Taliban ends truce and peace in Afghanistan: 2 mars 2020: Les talibans ont annoncé lundi mettre un terme à la trêve partielle instaurée le 22 février et reprendre leur offensive contre les forces de sécurité afghanes, un attentat a fait au moins trois morts et 11 blessés
20 March 2020 police and army personnel killed in an apparent insider attack: 20 March 2020: At least 17 police and army personnel were killed in an apparent insider attack at a joint military and police base, taking place in southern Zabul province, a Taliban stronghold
28 March 2020 Taliban refuses to talk to Afghan government's negotiating team: 28 March 2020: Taliban refuses to talk to Afghan government's negotiating team including politicians, former officials, representatives of civil society and 5 women, as group’s refusal represents a setback for USA-brokered peace talks
30 March 2020 deadly Taliban attacks in Afghanistan's north and south: 30 March 2020: Taliban attacks in Afghanistan's north and south have killed at least 11 Afghan soldiers and policemen, coming and answering after president Ghani last week announced his 21-member team to negotiate peace with the Taliban
20 April 2020 wave of deadly Taliban attacks: 20 April 2020: After release of up to 5,000 Taliban prisoners, now a wave of Taliban attacks on checkpoints across Afghanistan has killed 29 members of the security forces, according to officials,
21 April 2020 two more deadly bombings in Afghanistan: 21 April 2020: Two more deadly bombings in Afghanistan's central Day Kundi provinc and eastern Khost province
21 July 2020 in self defense Afghan girl Qamar Gul shot dead three Taliban assailants: 21 July 2020: In self defense Afghan girl shot dead three Taliban fighters after they killed her parents because they supported the government, according to local officials saying the incident happened last week when a group of 40 assailants stormed the village of Geriveh, in central Ghor province, where 16-year-old Qamar Gul was living with her parents and brother, and as several other Taliban fighters reportedly joined the attack, but some villagers and pro-government militia men expelled them after a gunfight and took Qamar Gul and her younger brother to a safe place in the provincial capital
22/23 July 2020 more than a dozen Afghan officers, scores of Taliban militants and civilians killed as violence escalates: 22 July 2020: Over a dozen Afghan security personnel and scores of Taliban militants have been killed in attacks across the country as violence continues to surge despite an initial peace deal - 23 July 2020: A government airstrike killed at least 14 people in Afghanistan’s western Herat province, many of them women and children, according to witnesses
August 2020 Afghanistan attacks: August 2020 Afghanistan attacks, multiple Islamic state's and Taliban attacks that left at least 165 people dead, and another 177 Afghan citizens were injured
12 September 2020 Afghan government - Taliban negotiations in Doha: 12 September 2020 Afghan government - Taliban negotiations in Doha, as Afghan government team also comprises of women's rights activists
20 September 2020 Afghan airstrikes killed Taliban fighters and civilians: 20 September 2020: Afghan Defense Ministry said airstrikes killed 30 Taliban fighters, but added an investigation was being held into claims that civilians were among those killed, as two witnesses contacted by the AP said that most of those killed in Saturday’s airstrikes, which struck the village of Sayed Ramazan in northern Kunduz province, were civilians, as Khanabad district in the province where the village is located is Taliban controlled
3 October 2020 civilians killed in car bomb attack: 3 octobre 2020: Au moins quinze personnes, principalement des civils, ont été tuées et plus de quarante blessées dans un attentat au camion piégé samedi, quand l’attaque ciblait un bâtiment administratif dans l’est de l’Afghanistan
11-13 October 2020 Afghanistan attacks: 11-13 October 2020 Afghanistan attacks
13 October 2020 thousands of families flee fighting in southern Afghan province: 13 October 2020: Thousands of families have been forced to flee fighting in the southern province of Helmand, an area that has become a battleground between Taliban militants and government forces, as Mohammad Ramin, head of the province's refugee office, told RFE/RL that most of the more than 5,000 families that left were relocated to the provincial capital, Lashkar Gah - 13 October 2020: UVIED blast reported in Kabul’s Paghman district on October 13
18 October 2020 civilians killed in Firuzkuh car bomb attack: 18 octobre 2020: Une voiture piégée ayant pris pour cible le siège de la police afghane à Feroz Koh dans la province de Ghor (ouest) a tué dimanche au moins douze civils et fait une centaine de blessés, selon les autorités
22 October 2020 deadly air strike in the northern Afghan province of Takhar: 22 October 2020: At least 12 civilians have been killed in an air strike on a religious school in the northern Afghan province of Takhar, according to local officials, saying the strike on the madrassa in the village of Hazara Qurluq killed 11 children and their prayer leader, as Afghan government disputed the account, saying it had killed 12 Taliban fighters in the village
24 October 2020 deadly suicide bomb attack in Kabul: 24 October 2020: At least 18 dead in suicide bomb attack in Kabul as explosion struck outside education centre in Shia neighbourhood in Afghan city
2 November 2020 at least 19 people dead after gunmen storm Kabul University: 2 November 2020: Gunmen have stormed Kabul University as it was hosting a book fair attended by the Iranian ambassador to Afghanistan, leading to a gun battle lasting several hours and leaving at least 19 people dead and 22 wounded
7 November 2020 many civilians killed and wounded on Saturday: 7 November 2020: A flatbed carrying several farmers hit a roadside mine killing five and wounding at least two others, as a bomb attached to the vehicle of a former presenter on Afghanistan’s Tolo TV has exploded, killing the journalist and two other civilians, Kabul police have said, as separately on Saturday a suicide bomb attack in the southern Zabul province killed two civilians, wounding seven more
21 November 2020 three citizens die in rocket attacks on Afghan capital: 21 November 2020: Three citizens die in rocket attacks on Afghan capital, as explosions come ahead of separate scheduled meetings between Mike Pompeo, Taliban and Afghan government officials in Doha
29 November 2020 deadly car bombing in Afghanistan’s central province of Ghazni: 29 November 2020: A car bombing in the Afghanistan’s central province of Ghazni killed at least 30 Afghan security force members, and casualties could increase given the intensity and location of the blast
12 December 2020 deadly rocket attack on Kabul: 12 décembre 2020: Un civil a été tué et deux autres blessés dans les tirs de dix roquettes à Kaboul samedi matin, selon le ministère de l’Intérieur, la deuxième attaque de ce genre dans la capitale afghane en moins d’un mois
18 December 2020 bomb blast kills 15 children in Afghanistan's Gilan: 18 December 2020: A bomb rigged to a rickshaw has killed at least 15 children and wounded 20 others in a Taliban-controlled area in eastern Afghanistan's Gilan district, a provincial official said, as violence in the war-weary country continued to surge
20 December 2020 Kabul terror attack and killed children: 20 décembre 2020: L’explosion d’une voiture piégée a fait dimanche huit morts dont des enfants et plus de 15 blessés à Kaboul, une nouvelle fois frappée par des attaques sanglantes, ont annoncé les autorités afghanes
Since January 2021 Afghanistan attacks: 2021 Afghanistan attacks, as wikipedia listed attacks that left at least 174 people dead and 20 others injured
16 January 2021 deadly Taliban attack: 16 janvier 2021: Une attaque commise par deux insurgés talibans infiltrés au sein d’une milice progouvernementale a fait douze victimes vendredi soir dans l’ouest de l’Afghanistan
17 January 2021 two female judges shot dead in Kabul as wave of killings continues: 17 January 2021: Two female judges shot dead in Kabul as wave of killings continues, and as assassination of supreme court judges follows months of increased violence in Afghanistan
18 March 2021 Kabul bombing kills at least three people: 18 March 2021: Afghan officials say at least 3 people were killed and 11 wounded when a roadside bomb hit a vehicle carrying government employees in Kabul, as representatives of the Afghan government, the Taliban, and key countries gather in Moscow to push for a reduction in violence, and as western-backed government in Kabul has blamed Taliban insurgents for recent attacks targeting government employees, civil society figures, and journalists - 18 March 2021: 9 members of the Afghan security forces, including special forces personnel, were killed in a helicopter crash in central Afghanistan in Maidan Wardak Province, as Air Force source and a provincial official told Reuters that the helicopter was hit by a rocket while taking off and the Defense Ministry is investigating
Since May 2021 Afghanistan's Taliban deadly offensive: Since May 2021 Afghanistan's Taliban deadly offensive, an ongoing military offensive led by the Taliban against the Afghan Government and its allies that is simultaneous with the withdrawal of USA troops from Afghanistan
1 May 2021 car bomb kills students and more citizens as USA starts farewell of its remaining forces: 1 May 2021: At least 21 people have been killed and nearly 100 wounded after a car bomb exploded in the Afghan city Pul-e-Alam south of the capital - targeting a guesthouse where dozens of people were living – including university students, causing widespread damage in the area, including to a hospital and residential houses -, that president Ashraf Ghani has blamed on the Taliban, as people were breaking their Ramadan fast and came together, timed with the eve of the formal start of the USA’s withdrawal from Afghanistan, now beginning with a murderous attack amid the farewell of USA's remaining forces - 30 April 2021 Puli Alam bombing, after violence in Afghanistan escalated during spring 2021, and aftermath
30 March 2021 gunmen killed three female polio vaccination health workers in Jalalabad: 30 March 2021: Gunmen have killed three female polio vaccination health workers in the eastern Afghan city of Jalalabad, Reuters reports
4 May 2021 Afghans fled Helmand province as fierce fighting between government forces and Taliban erupted: 4 May 2021: Thousands of Afghans have fled their homes in Helmand province as fierce fighting between government forces and the Taliban erupted after the USA military began withdrawing its remaining troops, as Afghan forces pushed back a string of insurgent attacks on checkpoints across the southern province, where the USA military on Sunday handed over a base to government forces
8 May 2021 blasts targeting Afghan school in Kabul kill many people mostly students: Attentat du 8 mai 2021 à Kaboul - 8 May 2021 blasts targeting Afghan school in Kabul kill 40 injuring dozens, as most of the casualties were students coming out of the Sayed ul Shuhada school
13 May 2021 at Least 11 Afghan civilians killed in attacks on first of three-day cease-fire: 13 May 2021: Four separate bomb attacks have killed at least 11 civilians and wounded 13 others just hours after a three-day cease-fire took effect as Afghanistan celebrates the Eid al-Fitr festival marking the end of the holy month of Ramadan
14 May 2021 Kabul mosque bombing kills at least 12 people despite Eid cease-fire: 14 May 2021: Afghan officials say a blast at a mosque in a northern Kabul neighborhood killed at least 12 worshippers on the second day of a cease-fire declared by the government and the Taliban, as fifteen other people were wounded when a bomb exploded inside the mosque during Friday Prayers, according to Kabul police
16 May 2021 fighting resumes in southern Afghanistan's Helmand: 16 May 2021: Fighting resumes in south after three-day ceasefire for Eid in Afghanistan, as Taliban and government forces clash in Helmand, the scene of intense battles following USA troop withdrawal
24 May 2021 more attacks and fighting: 24 mai 2021: D’intenses combats entre soldats afghans et talibans, après les combats ont commencé dimanche à Mehtarlam, une capitale provinciale à 120 km de Kaboul, et aprés le retrait des forces américaines, les violences s’accentuent dans le pays
29 May 2021 a roadside bomb struck a minivan full of university staff in northern Kapisa province: 29 May 2021: A roadside bomb has struck a minivan full of university staff in Afghanistan’s northern Kapisa province, killing 3 teachers and wounding 15 others, as officials say vehicle carrying university staff targeted in Kapisa, with bomb set off remotely
6 June 2021 at least 11 people killed by a landmine in northern Afghanistan: 6 June 2021: At least 11 civilians, including children, were killed when their vehicle set off a landmine in northern Afghanistan, local government officials said on Sunday, accusing Taliban insurgents for planting the landmine bombs
15 June 2021 gunmen kill four polio workers, wound three: 15 June 2021: Gunmen kill four polio workers, wound three in Afghanistan’s east, as polio workers targeted in three locations in Jalalabad city, the latest in a series of attacks against health workers
22 June 2021 Taliban took than 50 districts since May as UN warns about increased conflict: 22 June 2021: UN special envoy on Afghanistan Deborah Lyons said that the Taliban has taken more than 50 of the country’s 370 districts since May, warning that increased conflict 'means increased insecurity for many other countries, near and far', as Taliban militants have conducted multiple of offensives in Afghanistan's north in recent days, after USA and NATO troops began their final withdrawal from the war-wracked country, and as the Taliban reportedly captured the main border crossing with Tajikistan
29 June 2021 Taliban fighters launch attack on Ghazni: 29 June 2021: Taliban fighters launch attack on Ghazni, as fighting with government forces in central Afghan city comes as foreign troops continue withdrawal from the country
29 June 2021 USA's top general gave a sobering assessment of Afghanistan’s deteriorating security situation: 29 June 2021: USA's top general in Afghanistan on Tuesday gave a sobering assessment of the country’s deteriorating security situation as the USA winds down its so-called 'forever war', as general Austin Miller said the rapid loss of districts around the country to the Taliban — several with significant strategic value — is worrisome
July 2021 Afghanistan' Taliban offensive: July 2021 Afghanistan's Taliban offensive, an ongoing military offensive led by the Taliban against the Afghan Government and its allies that is simultaneous with the withdrawal of USA troops from Afghanistan
1 July 2021 at least 703 Afghan security forces and 208 civilians were killed in Afghanistan in June: 1 July 2021: At least 703 Afghan security forces and 208 civilians were killed in Afghanistan in June, the highest count among security forces since 'The Times' began tracking casualties in September 2018
4 July 2021 Taliban seizes key districts in Afghanistan: 4 July 2021: Taliban seizes key districts in Afghanistan including Badakhshan and Kandahar provinces, as Afghan troops flee into neighbouring Tajikistan
5 July 2021 Taliban advances in northern Afghanistan continue: 5 July 2021: More than 1,000 Afghan security personnel have fled across the border into Tajikistan after Taliban advances in northern Afghanistan, the Tajik border guard service said on Monday, while dozens of others were captured by the insurgents, after the crossings on Sunday underscore a rapidly deteriorating situation in the country as foreign troops near a complete withdrawal after 20 years of war in Afghanistan and with peace negotiations stalled
7 July 2021 Taliban attacked Qala-i-Naw, the capital of Badghis province, overnight: 7 July 2021: Taliban attacked Qala-i-Naw, the capital of Badghis province, overnight and seized the provincial headquarters of the police and the intelligence service, the National Directorate of Security, before being pushed back by special forces, as USA speeds up withdrawal
9 July 2021 Taliban in western Herat province seizing two key border crossings to Iran and Turkmenistan: 9 July 2021: The Taliban has swept through western Herat province, seizing two key border crossings to Iran and Turkmenistan, and much of the countryside beyond city limits, the latest in a rapid militant advance
13 July 2021 Afghanistan stunned by scale and speed of security forces’ collapse: 13 July 2021: Afghanistan stunned by scale and speed of security forces’ collapse, as more than 1,000 have fled across the border, and hundreds more have handed over weapons to the Taliban
14 July 2021 Taliban claim Afghan border crossing with Pakistan in major gain: 14 July 2021: Taliban claim Afghan border crossing with Pakistan in major gain, saying they have made what could be their most significant advance in a nationwide offensive
16 July 2021 Afghans flee to eastern Turkey as Taliban takes control amid chaos: 16 July 2021: Afghans flee to eastern Turkey as Taliban takes control amid chaos, and as some pay smugglers to take them to Istanbul as withdrawal of USA troops rekindles fears of civil war
24 July 2021 curfew imposed in Afghanistan to curb Taliban offensive: 24 July 2021: Curfew imposed in Afghanistan to curb Taliban offensive, after Islamic group known for violence against civilians including children and terrorist attacks since decennies captured key border crossings and encircled several provincial capitals
26 July 2021 Afghanistan civilian casualty figures at record high, UN says: 26 July 2021: Afghanistan civilian casualty figures at record high, UN says, as report reveals ‘acute rise’ in deaths and injuries since 1 May as Taliban exploit departure of USA's and more foreign troops
30 July 2021 UN compound in Herat city attacked and at least one security guard was killed: 30 July 2021: The main UN compound in Herat city of the western Afghan province of Herat was attacked on Friday and at least one security guard was killed, the UNAMA said, as the attack, involving rocket-propelled grenades and guns, happened hours after Taliban fighters penetrated deep into Herat city, and heavy clashes with Afghan security forces took place near the UNAMA provincial headquarters
31 July 2021 Herat residents fear Taliban in their homes and workplaces as it masses outside city: 31 July 2021: Herat residents fear Taliban in their homes and workplaces as it masses outside city, as western Afghan city all but under siege, prompting companies to hide documents in case staff are targeted
1 August 2021 inconsiderate Taliban militants escalate nationwide offensive in Afghanistan: 1 August 2021: Inconsiderate Taliban militants escalate nationwide offensive in Afghanistan, as Afghan forces defend western city of Herat and Lashkar Gah in south as Kandahar airport hit by rockets
2 August 2021 Afghan forces are battling to stop a first provincial city from falling to the Taliban: 2 August 2021: Afghan forces are battling to stop a first provincial city from falling to the Taliban following weekend offensives from the insurgents on urban centres in a major escalation in fighting, as Taliban fighters assaulted at least three provincial capitals overnight - Lashkar Gah, Kandahar and Herat - after a weekend of heavy fighting that resulted in thousands of civilians fleeing the advancing militants
2 August 2021 USA, UK accuse Taliban of war crimes in south Afghan town: 2 August 2021: USA, UK accuse Taliban of ‘war crimes’ in south Afghan town, as the countries say alleged atrocities must be investigated and Taliban fighters be held accountable, 'Al Jazeera' reports live
3 August 2021 Taliban on brink of taking key Afghan city as residents told to flee: 3 August 2021: Taliban on brink of taking key Afghan city as residents told to flee, and as officials confirm all but one district of Lashkar Gah is under hardline Islamists’ control after fierce fighting
6 August 2021 Taliban capture Afghan provincial capital: 6 August 2021: Taliban capture provincial capital in Afghanistan, as loss of Zaranj in Nimroz, near the border with Iran, is a major blow to the western-backed government endangered by the Taliban, continuing to make rapid advances across the country
7 August 2021 Taliban captured a second provincial capital in Afghanistan: 7 August 2021: The Taliban have captured a second provincial capital in Afghanistan, a day after they took over the south-western financial hub of Zaranj, as the Islamists continued to advance in urban parts of the country, and as Taliban fighters - armed with heavy weapons - overran the strategic city of Sheberghan, the capital of the northern Jawzjan province
7 August 2021 Afghan air force pilot killed in Kabul bombing by Taliban: 7 August 2021: Afghan air force pilot killed in Kabul bombing, as attack was claimed by Taliban
8 August 2021 Taliban captures Kunduz, third provincial capital in three days: 8 August 2021: Taliban captures Kunduz, third provincial capital in three days, as health officials in Kunduz said 14 bodies, including those of women and children, and more than 30 injured people have been taken to hospital, as fighting reportedly rages in several cities across the Asian mountainous country Afghanistan, since 19th century strongly - often for decennies - contested, also because of its strategic location, and despite the United Natione and the leading democratic countries since 1945 promised peace, and despite UN envoy warnings in 2021 pleading with the UN Security Council to prevent Afghanistan from descending into a ‘catastrophe’ - 8 August 2021: As fighting rages in Afghanistan, health workers are struggling, and the fighting in urban areas has increased the number of civilians injured making healthcare extremely difficult
9 August 2021: Taliban capture sixth provincial capital in northern Afghanistan: 9 August 2021: Taliban capture sixth provincial capital in northern Afghanistan, as their militants overrun Aibak without meeting resistance, leaving pro-government forces in region cut off
10 August 2021: The Taliban have captured the key Afghan city of Pul-e-Khumri, 140 miles north of Kabul, giving the militants control of a strategic road junction linking Kabul to the north and west, according to insurgents and local officials
11 August 2021 government is arming local groups as Taliban fighters capture Afghan city at strategic junction north of Kabul: 11 August 2021: Afghanistan’s interior minister reveals plan to push back Taliban, telling 'Al Jazeera' that the government is arming local groups as part of a three-phase plan to push back the Taliban offensive - 11 August 2021: Taliban fighters capture Afghan city at strategic junction north of Kabul, as officials in Pul-e-Khumri say government forces abandoned compounds during heavy fighting, and as USA's Biden says Afghans must fight for themselves
12 August 2021 Taliban claim to have captured Kandahar as grip on Afghanistan grows: 12 August 2021: The Taliban has taken control of Ghazni, the capital of Ghazni province, about 150km southwest of Kabul, the 10th provincial capital to fall in a week - 12 August 2021: Taliban claim to have captured Kandahar as grip on Afghanistan grows, as claim follows earlier fall of Herat with militants overrunning government positions
13 August 2021 Taliban seize four more provincial capitals in Afghanistan: 13 August 2021: Taliban seize four more provincial capitals in Afghanistan, and militants' seemingly unstoppable advance continues as they close in on Kabul, as Pentagon says Taliban advances in Afghanistan ‘deeply concerning’
13/14 August 2021 Taliban imposing ‘horrifying’ human rights curbs, UN chief warns: 13 August 2021: Taliban imposing ‘horrifying’ human rights curbs, UN chief warns, as Guterres calls on the Taliban to halt its advance, saying they are imposing severe restrictions on human rights in areas of Afghanistan under its control, in particular targeting women and journalists, as Afghans in disbelief over Taliban gains, and residents of Herat and Kandahar express shock and anger at the swift fall of their cities to the Taliban - 14 Augtust 2021: As Taliban attacks continue, people rush to Kabul
14 August 2021 'Al Jazeera' reports updated from Afghanistan as Taliban's bloodshed nears Kabul: 14 August 2021: Afghan president pledges to stop bloodshed as Taliban nears Kabul, saying ‘consultations with partners’ under way as Taliban continues rapid offensive to capture more territory, 'Al Jazeera' reports live updated from the country
15 August 2021 Taliban claim they will soon declare ‘Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan’: 15 August 2021: Taliban claim they will soon declare ‘Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan’ after president Ghani said to have fled, the Britsh 'Guardian' reports live
16 August 2021 The Guardian's Afghanistan live news: 16 August 2021: The Guardian's Afghanistan live news, as troops working to restart grounded flights amid chaos at Kabul airport - 16 August 2021: West has two weeks to complete Afghanistan evacuation, say sources, as UK defence secretary has conceded Britain will not be able to extract all eligible Afghan allies from country - 16 August 2021: USA ‘defeat’ in Afghanistan a chance for 'peace', Iran's Mullah regime's president Ebrahim Raisi says, as 'Al Jazeera' reports from Afghanistan
17 August 2021 Afghan men, women and children cram into USA cargo plane in flight from Kabul: 17 August 2021: More than 600 Afghan men, women and children, crouch and cram against each other on the floor of a United States military plane as it leaves Kabul after the city was seized by the Taliban, as a photograph showing the Afghan civilians – some clutching luggage, others bottle-feeding infants – on the cargo aircraft has gone viral on social media
18/19 Augstu 2021 flag-waving protesters defy the vioöemt Taliban in the city of Jalalabad: 18/19 Augstu 2021: Flag-waving protesters defy the vioöemt Taliban, prompting shots in the city of Jalalabad where one person was killed, the BBC reports live
19 August 2021 several reported killed as Taliban shoot at crowds waving Afghan flag: 19 August 2021: Violence during Afghan independence day celebration, as at least two people were killed in Asadabad city when the Taliban opened fire following a stabbing attempt, live news - 19 August 2021: Several reported killed as Taliban shoot at crowds waving Afghan flag, as witness describes mass panic during independence day rally in Asadabad, a day after deaths at a similar protest - 19 August 2021: Afghanistan’s Central Asian neighbours panic, reject refugees, as officials in Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan fear that an influx of refugees from Afghanistan could undermine domestic security, 'Al Jazeera' reports
20 August 2021 desperate scramble in Afghanistan to escape Taliban rule: 20 August 2021: Desperate scramble in Afghanistan to escape Taliban rule - 20 August 2021: Taliban responsible for massacre of nine Hazara men, rights group says
21 August 2021 desperation deepened around Kabul's airport with evacuation operations in chaos: 21 August 2021: Desperation deepened around Kabul's airport on Saturday with evacuation operations in chaos and USA President Joe Biden warning he could not predict the outcome of one of the 'most difficult airlifts in history', as - six days after the Taliban took back power in Afghanistan - the flow of people trying to flee their feared hardline Islamist rule continued to overwhelm the international community - 21 August 2021: Afghanistan reports of torture and killing contradict Taliban’s promises, as Islamists tortured Hazara men to death, say witnesses, and relative of journalist killed, with reports of the Taliban going door to door searching for people who worked with the former Afghan government or western countries, as claims have also emerged of Taliban fighters torturing and killing members of an ethnic minority in Afghanistan after overrunning their village last month
22 desperate Afghans and USA's, EU's warnings of 'security threats' and 'impossibity to evacuate everyone': 22 August 2021: Tens of thousands of Afghans were racing Sunday to flee their country as USA warned of security threats at Kabul's chaotic airport and the EU said it was 'impossible' to evacuate everyone at risk from the Taliban
22 August 2021 deadly chaos continues at Kabul airport, 'Al Jazeera' reports with updates: 22 August 2021: Deadly chaos continues at Kabul airport, where thousands of Afghans trying to flee the Taliban takeover are gathered, 'Al Jazeera' reports with updates
23 August 2021 Kabul airport curbs blocking medical supplies for Afghans, WHO says, and more global reports: 23 August 2021: More than 500 tonnes of medical supplies including surgical equipment and severe malnutrition kits due to be delivered to Afghanistan this week are stuck because of Kabul airport restrictions after Taliban took power, WHO said on Monday - 23 August 2021: A UK-based Afghan woman whose relatives worked with USA and Nato forces and international humanitarian organisations has described a frantic effort from afar to try to protect her family amid fears they will be targeted by the Taliban, as violent Taliban say deadline extension for foreign troops is ‘red line’, according to the live reporting British 'Guardian'
23 August 2021 Taliban warn of 'consequences' if USA extends evacuation: 23 August 2021: In Kabul thousands still outside airport hoping to be evacuated, France24 in Kabul reports - 23 August 2021: Taliban warn of 'consequences' if USA extends evacuation, France24 in Kabul reports - 23 August 2021: Uncertainty in the capital although peace prevails, France24 in Kabul reports - 23 August 2021: Afghans in Qatar share hopes and fears after fleeing the Taliban, 'Al Jazeera' reports
24 August 2021 Taliban’s treatment of women to mark ‘red line’, UN's Michelle Bachelet says: 24 August 2021: Taliban’s treatment of women to mark ‘red line’,UN's Michelle Bachelet says citing credible reports of summary executions and serious violations by the Taliban, 'Al Jazeers' journalist Tamila Varshalomidze reports in her updated report
25 August 2021 more than 10,000 waiting to be evacuated at Kabul airport, 'Al Jazeera' reports: 25 August 2021: More than 10,000 waiting to be evacuated at Kabul airport according to USA, as 'Al Jazeers' journalist Tamila Varshalomidze continues her updated reports
25 August 2021 also 'The Guardian' reports live from Kabul: 25 August 2021: At least 10,000 people at Kabul airport waiting for flight and 2,000 people who worked for UK still to be airlifted, 'The Guardian' reports live from Kabul, as the Taliban threatened and physically abused United Nations staff, according to Reuters, as dozens of incidents contained in an internal UN security document also seen by Reuters that describes veiled threats, the looting of UN offices and physical abuse of the organisation’s staff since 10 August by the Islamist militant movement
25 August 2021 Afghans race to flee Taliban as deadline looms, France24 reports from Kabul: 25 August 2021: Afghans race to flee Taliban as deadline looms, France24 reports from Kabul - 25 August 2021: Doctor recounts Afghan escape saying ‘when people fell off planes, humanity fell to the ground’, France24 reports
25 August 2021 Afghans race to flee from their home country: 25 août 2021: Des milliers de personnes s'agglutinent près de l'aéroport - 25 août 2021: Les Afghans pris au piège d’un pays en banqueroute
26 August 2021 USA urged people to move away from Kabul airport due to threats also by Islamic State terrorists: 26 August 2021: USA urged people to move away from Kabul airport on Thursday due to the threat of a terror attack by Islamic State terrorists as western troops (claiming to defend democracy, human righs and freedom) hurry to evacuate before an ordered August 31 deadline, as now two very well - and feared by civilians in many countries - known terror networks - in the 1980s and now in the 2010s until 2021 equipped with modern and terrible USA weapons get ready to determine what will happen in the Cental Asian country
26 August 2021 freedom and hunan rights proclaiming governments warnings of ‘imminent’ terror attack: 26 August 2021: Freedom and hunan rights proclaiming governments' warnings of ‘imminent’ terror attack as evacuations enter final phase, as 'United Kingdom' and 'United States of America' warn of credible reports of an attack now including 'Islamic State' terrorist threat, as Danish minister says it’s no longer safe to fly, former colonial empire France says evacuations will end Friday ('vendredi', 'Freitag'). as UK warns Afghans to avoid Kabul airport due to terrorist attack threat, as Greece will not be ‘gateway’ to Europe for Afghans, as Australian citizen beaten by Taliban while trying to flee Afghanistan, as UK's homeland citizens of Afghan origin being overlooked in airlift, claim lawyers, the British 'Guardian' reports live
26 August 2021 Kabul airport attacks: 26 August 2021 Kabul airport attacks, as at 17:50 local time a suicide bombing occurred near Abbey Gate at Hamid Karzai International Airport in Kabul, as another blast and gunfire also happened after the bombing, all coming hours after the USA Department told citizens outside the airport to leave due to a terrorist threat, and as at least 72 people were killed in the attacks, including 60 Afghan civilians and 12 USA service members
27 August 2021 more people died in Kabul's IS terror group's attack, the 'Guardian' reports live and 'Al Jazeera' reports, too: 27 August 2021: Two Britons and child of UK national among Kabul terror attack's dead, as USA warns over continuing ‘credible threat’, the British 'Guardian' reports live - 27 August 2021: Hundreds of Afghan families who have been camping in searing heat at a Kabul park after the Taliban overran their provinces are begging for food and shelter, as a humanitarian crisis unfolds in the war-torn country, 'Al Jazeera' reports
28 August 2021 Afghan evacuations enter end game amid threats, 'Al Jazeera' reports live: 28 August 2021: Afghan evacuations enter end game amid threats, as the last UK flight evacuating civilians left on Saturday after airlifting some 15,000 people since the Taliban takeover, as USA forces helping to evacuate Afghans desperate to flee Taliban rule were on alert on Saturday for more attacks after an 'Islamic State in Khorasan Province' affiliated suicide bombing killed at least 175 people and thirteen USA service members and 162 Afghans died in the attack, as schools and universities remained closed on the first working day of the week, as the banks were once more closed, and as the Taliban deploys extra forces around Kabul airport to prevent people from gathering, 'Al Jazeera' reports live
29 August 2021 France/UK plan to table UN security council resolution calling for Taliban to back civilian-run safe zone at Kabul airport: 29 August 2021: France and Britain plan to table an emergency UN security council resolution on Monday calling for the Taliban to back a civilian-run safe zone at Kabul airport that would allow the continued air evacuation of those who want to leave the country
29 August 2021 USA forces strike against ISKP suicide bombers in Kabul: 29 August 2021: USA forces strike against ISKP suicide bombers in Kabul, officials say
29 August 2021 the 'Guardian' reports in Afghanistan live news another blast near Kabul airport: 29 August 2021: The 'Guardian' reports in Afghanistan live news another blast near Kabul airport amid warnings of further attacks, as reports of ‘powerful explosion’ thought to have been rocket attack in Afghan capital
30 August 2021 Islamic State terrorists claimed a rocket attack on Kabul airport on Monday: 30 August 2021: Islamic State terrorists claimed a rocket attack on Kabul airport on Monday, as USA troops raced to complete their withdrawal from Afghanistan and evacuate allies under the threat of further violence
31 August 2021 after the final foreign forces flew out of Afghanistan Taliban leaders walked through the airport: 31 August 2021: Hours after the final foreign forces flew out of Afghanistan, Taliban leaders walked victorious through the airport, flanked by guards dressed in special forces combat kit inspecting disabled USA military aircraft - 31 August 2021: Many Afghans fear a potential economic collapse as the Taliban celebrates the withdrawal of the last USA troops, 'Al Jazeera' reports
2 September 2021 USA 'finally' accepts 'army was not going to defeat the Taliban' in the Afghanistan War following 9/11: 2 September 2021: 20 years on, USA 'finally' accepts 'army was not going to defeat the Taliban' in the Afghanistan War following 9/11, France24 reports - 2 September 2021: Afghan families flee the Taliban into Pakistan, saying 'we have come here because of misery and poverty'
3 September 2021 fate of Panjshir Valley north of Kabul hangs in the balance as heavy fighting continues: 3 September 2021: The fate of Afghanistan's Panjshir Valley north of the capital Kabul - the final holdout against Taliban control - hangs in the balance as heavy fighting continues, as resistance fighters battling there denied that Taliban seized the area, but saying the situation is 'difficult', as the fighting in Panjshir is reported to have left hundreds dead
4 September 2021 women march in Kabul to demand role in Taliban government, as protesters say the Taliban used pepper sprays and tear gas to disperse them: 4 September 2021: Women march in Kabul to demand role in Taliban government, as protesters say the Taliban used pepper sprays and tear gas to disperse them as they tried to reach the presidential palace
4 September 2021 Taliban surrounds Panjshir Valley as resistance holds: 4 September 2021: Taliban surrounds Panjshir Valley as resistance holds, as the Taliban appears determined to snuff out the Panjshir resistance before announcing who will lead the country, and as a spokesman for the National Resistance Front NRF of Afghanistan, which groups opposition forces loyal to local leader Ahmad Massoud, said Taliban forces reached the Darband heights on the border between Kapisa province and Panjshir but were pushed back
4 September 2021 Kabul airport reopens to receive aid: 4 September 2021: Kabul airport reopens to receive aid, 'Al Jazeera' reports live from Kabul
5 September 2021 Taliban militants in Firozkoh city have shot dead a policewoman: 5 September 2021: Taliban militants in Afghanistan have shot dead a policewoman in a provincial city, witnesses have told the BBC, as the woman, named in local media as Banu Negar, was killed at the family home in front of relatives in Firozkoh, the capital of central Ghor province, and as the killing comes amid increasing reports of escalating repression of women in Afghanistan
6 September 2021 NRF spokeperson tells France24 NRF still resisting in Panjshir province: 6 September 2021: NRF spokeperson tells France24 NRF still resisting in Panjshir province
7 September 2021 Taliban have named UN-sanctioned veteran Hasan Akhund as the leader of Afghanistan’s new government: 7 September 2021: Taliban have named UN-sanctioned veteran Mullah Mohammad Hasan Akhund as the leader of Afghanistan’s new government, while giving key positions to figures who dominated the since 9/11 20-year battle against the USA-led coalition and its allies, as chief spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid told a press conference that Taliban co-founder Abdul Ghani Baradar would be the deputy leader - 7 September 2021: USA airstrikes killed at least 22,000 civilians since 9/11, analysis finds, as figures based on reported number of USA airstrikes highlight the human cost of the 20-year ‘war on terror’, and as Taliban reaping the fruits of their crimes, even presented by western states
8 September 2021 Taliban ban protests and slogans that don’t have 'their approval': 8 September 2021: Taliban ban protests and slogans that don’t have their approval, as rallies in Afghanistan have already been broken up violently, now ‘severe consequences’ are threatened for demonstrators
9 September 2021 Taliban accused of torturing journalists for covering protests: 9 September 2021: Taliban accused of torturing journalists for covering protests, as reports show Taliban's armed group being violent and intimidating journalists, despite their free press pledge
9 September 2021 brutal attacks on Afghan journalists by Taliban prompt growing alarm: 9 September 2021: Violent attacks on Afghan journalists by Taliban prompt growing alarm, as images circulate of the brutal flogging of two reporters, and a senior Afghan journalist declares ‘press freedom has ended’
10 September 2021 UN warns Afghanistan at risk of ‘total breakdown’: 10 September 2021: UN warns Afghanistan at risk of ‘total breakdown’, as the UN special envoy on Afghanistan Deborah Lyons told the Security Council that a way needed to be found to get the money into the country 'to prevent a total breakdown of the economy and social order', noting that Afghanistan was facing a storm of crises including a plunging currency, a sharp rise in prices for food and fuel and a lack of cash at private banks, also saying the authorities also do not have the funds to pay salaries, and 'the Afghan people are least responsible for this unfolding crisis, and yet most affected by it. It is clear that they will still need this Council and the international community.'
10 September 2021 at least four killed in Taliban crackdown on protests, says UN: 110 September 2021: Taliban’s violent crackdown on protests against their hardline rule has already led to four documented deaths, according to a UN human rights official who said the group had used live ammunition, whips and batons to break up demonstrations
13 September 2021 as WFP said Afghanistan on the brink of starvation donors pledged to help Afghanistan: 13 September 2021: As the World Food Programme said 14 million people were on the brink of starvation, donors have pledged more than a billion dollars to help Afghanistan, where poverty and hunger have spiralled since the Taliban took power, and foreign aid has dried up, raising the spectre of a mass exodus - 13 September 2021: Afghans sell possessions amid cash crunch, looming crisis
14 September 2021 Taliban accused of killing 20 civilians in Panjshir valley: 14 September 2021: Taliban accused of killing 20 civilians in Panjshir valley, as one incident caught on video appears to be killing of man in uniform
14 September 2021 the Taliban has already broken its promises to safeguard women and protect human rights UU envoy says: 14 September 2021: The Taliban has already broken its promises to safeguard women and protect human rights, and the international community must hold it to account, according to outgoing government’s ambassador to the UN Nasir Ahmad Andisha, saying 'the Taliban have vowed to respect women’s rights but women’s rights are disappearing from the landscape'. also accusing the militants of 'widespread atrocities' - 14 September 2021: Unicef estimates 300 unaccompanied minors were evacuated from Afghanistan last month - 14 September 2021: Female journalists who fled the country tell Al Jazeera they were left with no choice amid fears of Taliban persecution
15 September 2021: Afghanistan women’s football team flees to Pakistan: 15 September 2021: Afghanistan women’s football team flees to Pakistan, as girls who played for under-14, under-16 and under-18 teams arrive in Lahore in the wake of Taliban’s takeover, entering Pakistan through the northwestern Torkham border crossing holding valid travel documents
17 September 2021 Panjshir resistance forces continue to battle the Taliban as residents say there is no clear winner yet: 17 September 2021: As resistance forces continue to battle the Taliban on Afghanistan’s last war front, residents who fled the province say there is no clear winner yet, saying 'we didn’t even know what was happening in the next village', and as Panjshir residents themselves have had little chance to tell the story of what transpired in their homes and villages over the last several weeks
17 September 2021 UN refugee chief calls for action to prevent Afghan ‘implosion’: 17 September 2021: UN refugee chief calls for action to prevent Afghan ‘implosion’, as Filippo Grandi speaking from Islamabad raises concern over lack of functioning of Afghan state institutions due to frozen government assets
17 September 2021 school classes will resume for Afghan boys, no mention of girls: 17 September 2021: Afghan schools will open for boys from Saturday, the new Taliban-run education ministry has said in a statement that did not mention when girls might be able to go back to their classes
19 September 2021 Afghan women stage protest in Kabul after Taliban crack down on women's rights: 19 September 2021: Afghan women stage protest in Kabul after Taliban crack down on women's rights
20 September 2021: Rights groups accuse Taliban of rolling back civil liberties: 20 September 2021: Rights groups accuse Taliban of rolling back civil liberties, as report accuses the armed group of several rights violations ranging from limits on press freedom to restrictions on women
21 September 2021 India seized $2.7bn in Afghan heroin amid Taliban takeover chaos: 21 September 2021: India seized $2.7bn in Afghan heroin amid Taliban takeover chaos, as nearly three tonnes of heroin originating from Afghanistan seized and two people arrested in one of India’s biggest hauls to date
22 September 2021 ex-Bagram inmates recount stories of abuse, torture, as former prisoners return: 22 September 2021: Ex-Bagram inmates recount stories of abuse, torture, as former prisoners return to the now abandoned USA-run Bagram jail, which was notorious for enhanced interrogations
22 September 2021 UN releases funds to save Afghan health system from collapse: 22 September 2021: UN releases funds to save Afghan health system from collapse, an emergency funds in a bid to boost life-saving support in Afghanistan
23 September 2021 thousands of Afghans seeking refuge in regional countries: 23 September 2021: Thousands of Afghans seeking refuge in regional countries, as UN refugee agency says at least 35,400 Afghan refugees have arrived in Iran, Pakistan and Tajikistan since January 1
24 September 2021 Taliban say punishments such as ‘cutting off hands’, strict punishment, executions, will return: 24 September 2021: Taliban leader Mullah Nooruddin Turabi - one of the founders of the Taliban and the chief enforcer of its strict rule of Afghanistan during the 1990s - says punishments such as ‘cutting off hands’ was necessary for ‘security’ as it had a deterrent effect, also saying strict punishment, executions, will return though perhaps not in public
24 September 2021 Taliban want to represent Afghanistan at the UN, but so does the current accredited ambassador: 24 September 2021: The Taliban want to represent Afghanistan at the UN, but so does the current accredited ambassador appointed by former President Ashraf Ghani, as the UN must decide for or against violence against civilians
25 September 2021 Taliban hang dead bodies in city squares of Herat: 25 September 2021: Taliban hang dead bodies in city squares of Herat, as gruesome display came a day after a notorious Taliban official warned that extreme punishments such as execution and amputation would resume
27 September 2021 new prosecutor asked ICC to relaunch inquiry into Taliban and IS ‘war crimes’: 27 September 2021: International criminal court’s new prosecutor Karim Khan has asked the court to relaunch an inquiry into alleged crimes against humanity committed by the Taliban and supporters of Islamic State in Afghanistan since 2003, as the move by Karim Khan shows a determination to use international law to investigate not only past but also contemporary crimes against humanity, as the Hague-based ICC has notified the Taliban via Afghanistan’s embassy in the Netherlands that it intends to resume an investigation
27 September 2021 Afghanistan envoy withdraws from UN General Assembly debate: 27 September 2021: Afghanistan envoy withdraws from UN General Assembly debate, as ambassador Isaczai for the government overthrown by the Taliban was due to speak on Monday
28 September 2021 medics overwhelmed as Afghanistan healthcare crumbles, as hundreds of health facilities have shut their doors: 28 September 2021: Medics overwhelmed as Afghanistan healthcare crumbles, as hundreds of health facilities have shut their doors to patients since aid money to Afghanistan was halted amid a mounting humanitarian crisis, 'Al Jazeera' reports
29 September 2021 fears are growing for photojournalist Samadi detained by the Taliban for more than three weeks: 29 September 2021; Fears are growing for photojournalist Morteza Samadi who has been detained by the Taliban for more than three weeks after being arrested while covering the women’s protests in Herat, as Samadi was one of several journalists who were arrested at street protests in early September, as all were quickly released except Morteza, whose whereabouts is not known, and as some of those detained in Kabul have alleged they were badly beaten and tortured
30 September 2021 uncertainty hovers over Helmand’s schools as Taliban ban older girls: 30 September 2021: Uncertainty hovers over Helmand’s schools as Taliban ban older girls, and as at Malalay school in Lashkar Gah, female staff struggle into work despite anxiety over their jobs and half their pupils missing, 'The Guardian' reports
28 September 2021 female Afghan judges now hunted by the murderers they convicted, BBC reports: 28 September 2021: Female Afghan judges hunted by the murderers they convicted, as more than 220 trailblazers of women's rights in Afghanistan and the staunch defenders of the law and the country's most marginalised now - after the Taliban takeover - are in hiding due to fear of retribution under Taliban rule. Six former female judges spoke to the BBC from secret locations across Afghanistan.
3 October 2021 at least 5 civilians killed in an explosion outside the Eid Gah Mosque in Kabul: 3 October 2021: At least five civilians have been killed in an explosion outside the Eid Gah Mosque in the Afghan capital Kabul, as four other people were wounded in Sunday’s attack that targeted a memorial service being held for the mother of Zabihullah Mujahid
4 October 2021 Afghan children hiding under moving lorries to smuggle and earn money: 4 October 2021: Afghan children – some as young as seven or eight years old – are risking their lives to smuggle sweets and cigarettes into neighbouring countries, hiding under lorries, BBC’s Shumaila Jaffery reports
5 October 2021 anxious wait for Afghan girls as opening of high schools stalled: 5 October 2021: Millions of teenage girls across Afghanistan are anxiously waiting to return to the classroom, as high schools continue to remain closed, raising fears about the future of female education under Taliban rule
5 October 2021 Taliban murdered 13 ethnic Hazara people in August according to Amnesty International: 5 October 2021: The Taliban murdered 13 ethnic Hazara people including a teenage girl, according to Amnesty International saying it found evidence the victims were massacred in Daykundi province in August, as nine were former government soldiers who had surrendered to the Taliban, adding that the killings appeared to be a war crime
6 October 2021 Afghan women defending women's rights against Taliban crack down: 6 octobre 2021: Le combat des femmes pour leurs droits contre les Taliban
6 October 2021 Taliban asked the UNAMA to settle unpaid bills of power suppliers: 6 October 2021: As neighbouring nations supply about 78% of Afghanistan’s power, they have not been paid since the Taliban took over, and now the occupied state power company has appealed to a UN-led mission to give $90 million to settle unpaid bills to Central Asian suppliers before electricity gets cut off for the country given that the three-month deadline for payments has passed
7 October 2021 countries can help Afghans without recognising the Taliban now, 'Al Jaeera' reports: 7 October 2021: The 'West' can help Afghans without recognising the Taliban now, 'Al Jaeera' reports, saying humanitarian assistance can provide the common ground for engagement between Kabul and the West and save Afghan lives
7 October 2021 USA charges alleged ex-Taliban commander Najibullah with killing USA troops: 7 October 2021: USA charges alleged ex-Taliban commander with killing USA troops, as Haji Najibullah - already in USA custody after being charged for the 2008 kidnapping of a journalist and two Afghan civilians - faces new charges for 2008 attack by Taliban fighters that killed three USA soldiers and Afghan interpreter
9 October 2021 Taliban say won't work with USA to contain ISIS in Afghanistan: 9 October 2021: Taliban say they won't work with USA to contain ISIS in Afghanistan ahead of direct talks, according to 'The Guardian'
11 October 2021 UN Secretary-General slammed Taliban’s 'broken' promises to Afghan women and girls: 11 October 2021: UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres has slammed the Taliban’s 'broken' promises to Afghan women and girls, and urged the world to inject cash into Afghanistan in order to prevent its economic collapse
11 October 2021 USA, UK citizens in Afghanistan warned of threats to Kabul hotels: 11 October 2021; USA, UK citizens in Afghanistan warned of threats to Kabul hotels, as countries tell their citizens to avoid hotels in Kabul, citing ‘security threats’ in the area, after Taliban in August again and easily seized power in the country and declared an Islamic emirate
12 October 2021 Afghanistan ‘at make-or-break point’ says UN as G20 ministers meet: 12 October 2021: G20 tackles Afghan humanitarian crisis at special summit, France24 reports - 12 October 2021: Afghanistan ‘at make-or-break point’ says UN as G20 ministers meet by video conference, also to discuss UN proposal to channel funds to Afghanistan to ease growing humanitarian catastrophe, after Afghanistan was 75%-dependent on foreign aid before the takeover in August, and funds held overseas have been frozen by the USA
12 October 2021 interpreter who helped rescue Biden in 2008 escaped from Afghanistan with his family: 12 October 2021: An Afghan interpreter who helped rescue Joe Biden after his helicopter made an emergency landing during a snowstorm in 2008, has escaped Afghanistan with his family, after - since August 2021 - remaining in hiding for weeks before crossing into Pakistan and then flying to Doha where thousands of refugees from Afghanistan are being processed by USA officials. Khalili, his wife and five children had been unable to flee in the emergency airlift after the fall of Kabul.
13 October 2021 Afghanistan’s girls lament continued closure of high schools: 13 October 2021: Afghanistan’s girls lament continued closure of high schools, urging the Taliban not to snatch their right to education, since August confined to their homes
16 October 2021 USA offers to pay families of Afghans killed in August 2021 drone attack: 16 October 2021: USA offers to pay families of Afghans killed in August 2021 drone attack, as government also promises to help family members who were interested to relocate to the USA following botched operation
16 October 2021 funeral services held for victims of Friday’s suicide bomb attack: 16 October 2021: Funeral services were held for victims of Friday’s suicide bomb attack on a Shiite mosque in Afghanistan’s southern city of Kandahar that killed at least 47 people and wounded more than 70, as UN Security Council stressed the need to hold everyone involved in 'these reprehensible acts of terrorism accountable and bring them to justice', as Friday's mass murder was the second consecutive massacre in a week
18 October 2021 Afghan female judges forced into hiding under Taliban rule, now also 'Al Jazeera' reports: 18 October 2021: Female judges had reasons to be afraid, as during its 11-day rampage through Afghanistan’s 34 provinces, the Taliban released thousands of prisoners from the nation’s jails, among them men who judges such as 'Naima' had personally sentenced, and who might have ended up joining the Taliban government
19 October 2021 Nobel Prize laureate Malala Yousafzai urging the Taliban to lift their ban on girls' education: 19 October 2021: Nobel Prize laureate Malala Yousafzai is urging the Taliban to lift their ban on girls' education in Afghanistan, as the Pakistani activist for female education told BBC World News the current temporary ban might last for years, and as the world's youngest Nobel Prize laureate known for human rights advocacy, especially the education of women and children in her native Swat Valley in northwest Pakistan, where the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan had at times banned girls from attending school and where on 9 October 2012 a Taliban gunman shot Yousafzai - 15 years old at the time - as she rode home on a bus after taking an exam in Swat Valley
22 October 2021 Afghan journalists lament ‘bleak’ future for media under Taliban: 22 October 2021: Afghan journalists lament ‘bleak’ future for media under Taliban, as Islamic regime forces exodus of journalists from Afghanistan where a free press was one of the few real gains of Western occupation
23 October 2021 amid opgoing crimes RAF airlifts 102 people who had fled Afghanistan to UK: 23 October 2021: Taliban ‘forcibly evicting’ Hazaras and opponents in Afghanistan, as Human Rights Watch has logged illegal seizures of land and homes then given to Taliban supporters - 23 October 2021: UK's RAF has airlifted more than 100 people who had left Afghanistan and were in a neighbouring third country to the UK, saying two flights had landed safely carrying 102 people who would receive support to begin their lives in Britain
25 October 2021 over 20m Afghans face hunger this winter, economic downturn since the Taliban takeover, UN says: 25 October 2021: Almost 23 million Afghans will be hungry due to conflict, drought and an economic downturn that is severely affecting livelihoods and people’s access to food as a harsh winter looms, the UN has warned, as economic crisis aggravated by conflict and drought have caused a collapse in food security since the Taliban takeover
28 October 2021 30 recent cases of violence against Afghan journalists mostly committed by the Taliban: 28 October 2021: More than 30 instances of violence and threats of violence against Afghan journalists were recorded in the last two months, with nearly 90% committed by the Taliban, says a media watchdog ANJU, as more than 40% of the cases were physical beatings
2 November 2021 deadly gun and bomb assault on Sardar Daud Khan military hospital in Kabul: 2 November 2021: More than 20 people have been killed and at least 16 injured in a gun and bomb assault on the Sardar Daud Khan military hospital in the Afghan capital Kabul
5 November 2021 baby handed to USA soldiers in chaos of Afghan airlift missing: 5 November 2021: Baby handed to USA soldiers in chaos of Afghan airlift missing, as Afghan family is at a USA base in Texas waiting to be resettled, but ‘unfortunately, no one can find the child’
5 November 2021 women’s rights activist Frozan Safi shot dead in northern Afghanistan: 5 November 2021 women’s rights activist shot dead in northern Afghanistan, as Frozan Safi is believed to be the first women’s rights defender to be killed since Taliban return to power
9 November 2021 desperate Afghans turn to people smugglers for help fleeing the country: 9 November 2021: Desperate Afghans turn to people smugglers for help fleeing the country
10 November 2021 aid group says 4,000-5,000 Afghans crossing into Iran daily: 10 November 2021: As many as 4,000-5,000 Afghans have been crossing into Iran daily since the Taliban seized Kabul in August and hundreds of thousands more are expected to arrive in the coming winter, the Norwegian Refugee Council said after 300,000 Afghans have crossed the border since the Taliban victory
11 November 2021 Iran deporting thousands of Afghan refugees: 11 November 2021: Iran deporting thousands of Afghan refugees, as IOM estimates over one million Afghans have been sent back this year, despite dire conditions awaiting them - 11 November 2021: Despite talk of a Taliban ban, in Helmand’s poppy fields farmers and traders say they are not the only ones who depend on the drug to 'survive'
23 November 2021 BBC reporter visited Kabul to report on key areas of concern facing the country: 23 November 2021: It's been 100 days since the Taliban returned to power in Afghanistan, as BBC reporter Yalda Hakim visited a district of Kabul to report on four key areas of concern facing the country
3 December 2021 desperate Afghan refugee sets himself on fire in Indonesia: 3 December 2021: Desperate Afghan refugee sets himself on fire in Indonesia, as thousands of Afghans, mostly Hazara, are losing hope of resettlement after years of living in limbo, as 22-years-old Shah, 22 travelled to Indonesia as a teenager in 2016, then waiting for five years to be permanently resettled amid ongoing and now escalating uncertainty, coupled with a long-term health issue, his friends told 'Al Jazeera'
5 December 2021 Taliban warned over mass executions by 22 nations, but without prosecution: 5 December 2021: After HRW's report documented more than 100 executions and abductions of former Afghan civil government officials since the Taliban took control of the country in August 2021, also documenting the murder of 47 members of the Afghan security forces by the Taliban between August and 31 October, 22 nations including the USA demand in a joint statement that the Islamist regime 'respect' its pledge not to harm former government or security personnel, the BBC reports - 5 December 2021: The Taliban murdered 13 ethnic Hazara people including a teenage girl, according to rights group 'Amnesty International', saying it found evidence the victims were massacred in Daykundi province in August
7 December 2021 UK's handling of Afghan evacuation dysfunctional, chaotic amid Taliban war crimes in August: 7 December 2021: UK Foreign Office's handling of the Afghan evacuation after the Taliban seized Kabul in August was dysfunctional and chaotic according to whistleblower Raphael Marshall, saying the process of choosing who could get a flight out was arbitrary and thousands of emails with pleas for help went unread, as up to 150,000 Afghans who were at risk because of their links to Britain applied to be evacuated, but fewer than 5% received any assistance, adding 'it is clear that some of those left behind have since been murdered by the Taliban', BBC reports
9 December 2021 Afghanistan facing a humanitarian crisis: 9 December 2021: Failure, fear and the threat of famine in Afghanistan, as a whistleblower has accused the British government of abject failures in its efforts to manage the evacuation of people from Afghanistan as the Taliban took control in August, and as 'The Guardian' journalist Emma Graham-Harrison returns to the country to find it facing a humanitarian crisis
14/15 December 2021 murderous Saudi Crown Princ Salman, Qatar's Emir Sheikh al-Thani ahead of the Gulf Summit: 14/15 December 2021: Murderous Saudi Crown Prince, Mohammed bin Salman and Qatar's Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamed al-Thani are seen ahead of the Gulf Summit at Riyadh in Saudi Arabia in December 2021, as 'Al Jazeera' reports 'what to expect at the 42nd GCC summit'
15 December 2021 Afghan children at risk of dying due to starvation over the coming months: 15 December 2021: Taliban ruled Afghanistan is starting to feel the very real fear of hunger, the weather turned fromy autumn to a sharp chill, several areas are reporting drought, which adds to the sense of growing catastrophe amid acute hunger and widespread famine, as 'BBC' report includes video called 'Afghan baby girl sold for $500 by starving family', that documents desperate struggle of children, as UN has warned that one million children are at risk of dying due to starvation over the coming months
17 December 2021 more than half of Afghanistan's population already does not have enough to eat: 17 December 2021: More than half of Afghanistan's population already does not have enough to eat, as value of Afghanistan’s currency is tumbling, exacerbating an already severe economic crisis and deepening poverty in the country
19 December 2021 hundreds queue for passports in bid to leave Afghanistan, braving sub-zero temperatues: 19 December 2021: Hundreds of people have braved sub-zero temperatures in Afghanistan’s capital to queue outside the passport office, some desperate to leave the country for medical treatment, others to escape the Islamists’ renewed rule, a day after the Taliban regime announced it would resume issuing travel documents
24 December 2021 British citizen reportedly detained by the Taliban: 24 December 2021: British citizen Grant Bailey is missing in Afghanistan after a report he has been detained by the Taliban, arrested in the Afghan capital Kabul, where he has been working as a security consultant, coming during a Taliban 'security' clampdown, according to the 'Daily Mirror'
25 December 2021 dictatorial ruling Taliban dissolved Afghanistan’s election commission: 25 December 2021: Dictatorial ruling Taliban has dissolved Afghanistan’s election commission, a panel that supervised polls during the previous Western-backed administration, 'there is no need for these commissions to exist and operate', spokesman Bilal Karimi said on Saturday
28 December 2021 Afghan women protest Taliban killings saying USA ex-employees are ‘under direct threat’: 28 December 2021: Resisting women has marched through the Afghan capital calling for women’s rights to be respected and accusing Taliban regime of covertly killing soldiers who served the former USA-backed government, then gathered near a mosque in the centre of Kabul and marched a few hundred metres chanting 'justice, justice' before they were stopped by Taliban forces
30 December 2021 Ashraf Ghani blames international allies, USA over Afghanistan’s fall to Taliban: 30 December 2021: Former Afghan president Ashraf Ghani has broken his silence with his first interview since fleeing Kabul four months ago, in effect blaming the international community and in particular the USA for the fall of the republic, saying USA ‘erased’ Afghans in years of peace talks with militants
6 January 2022 Afghan judge working to free her sisters left behind: 6 January 2022: The Afghan judge working to free her sisters left behind, as Fawzia escaped from Afghanistan after Taliban assault in spring, summer 2021 and then in London, she’s trying to secure a safe exit for women still stranded
10 January 2022 some months old Sohail Ahmadi reunited with relatives after Taliban came back: 10 January 2022: Afghan baby lost in Kabul airlift chaos reunited with relatives, as Sohail Ahmadi was just two months old when he went missing on August 19 - highlighting the chaos and plight of parents separated from their children during the hasty evacuation effort and withdrawal of USA's and allies' forces from Afghanistan after a 20-year war - has been found, after thousands rushed and are still rushing to leave fearing for their live and future
16 January 2022 ex-UK government contractor reports 'the Taliban shot my wife in the head’ in September 2021: 16 January 2022: Asif - who worked for the UN and Adam Smith International before fleeing to Pakistan - lost almost everything since the August 2021 Taliban takeover in Afghanistan. His wife was shot dead by the Taliban, coming to the house of relatives and started shooting. She had been asleep, and when she came out to see what was happening, one of the Taliban just shot her in the head
21 January 2022 report says Afghans left behind ‘at high risk of brutal reprisals’ due to links with Australia: 21 January 2022: Former Afghan interpreters and other colleagues left behind by the Australian government after the Taliban takeover of Afghanistan now face a high risk of brutal reprisals, a Senate inquiry has found
31 January 2022 more than 100 believed killed despite Taliban amnesty offer, says UN: 31 January 2022: UN says it has received 'credible allegations' that more than 100 members of the ousted Afghan government, its security forces and those who worked with international troops have been killed since the Taliban took over on 15 August, as Guterres said in a report that 'more than two thirds' of the deaths were alleged to have resulted from extrajudicial killings by the Taliban or its affiliates, despite the Taliban’s announcement of 'general amnesties' for those affiliated with the former government and USA-led coalition forces
3 February 2022 NRC's Jan Egeland on Afghanistan facing famine, as UN warns Afghanistan 'hanging by a thread': 3 February 2022: NRC's Jan Egeland on Afghanistan facing famine, as UN warns Afghanistan is 'hanging by a thread' as millions in the country suffer from hunger and are at risk of freezing to death during the winter
7 February 2022 as temperatures fall below freezing young children trying to make a living in Kabul: 7 February 2022: As temperatures fall below freezing, children as young as four trying to make a living on the Afghan capital’s streets, 'The Guardian' documented in picture essay
10 February 2022 evidence mounts of Taliban reprisal arrests and killings: 10 February 2022: Evidence mounts of Taliban reprisal arrests and killings, as women who participated in protests demanding women’s rights in Afghanistan are missing, as the UN has raised alarm about a pattern of reprisals against activists, journalists, former government officials and security forces, and as the BBC has investigated multiple incidents that have taken place recently, BBC reports - 10 February 2022: Since recapturing Afghanistan, the Taliban have largely if inconsistently closed down girls’ schooling – but have found a new generation ready to fight for the right to study, 'The Guardian' reports
11 February 2022 two foreign journalists detained in Kabul: 11 February 2022: Two foreign journalists detained in Kabul, as British journalist Andrew North, a former BBC correspondent, and another foreigner held while on assignment with the UN refugee agency
11 February 2022 USA releases $7bn in Afghan funds keeping it out of hands of Taliban: 11 February 2022: USA's Biden releases $7bn in frozen Afghan funds to split between 9/11 families and aid, as money would go toward humanitarian efforts for Afghan people and to USA victims of terrorism, keeping it out of hands of Taliban
22 February 2022 Taliban - without funds - is creating a 'grand army', terrifying: 22 February 2022: Taliban - without funds - is creating a 'grand army' for the Asian country in hunger crisis, that will include officers and troops who served the old regime, says the official tasked with overseeing the 'military’s transformation', as head of the Taliban’s Ranks Clearance Commission Latifullah Hakimi also told a news conference that they had repaired half the 81 helicopters and planes supposedly rendered unserviceable by the USA-led forces during last year’s chaotic withdrawal, adding that Taliban forces took control of more than 300,000 light arms, 26,000 heavy weapons and about 61,000 military vehicles during their lightning takeover of the country
23 March 2022 Taliban have reversed decision to allow Afghan girls to return to high schools: 23 March 2022: Taliban have reversed a decision to allow Afghan girls to return to high schools, as schools were set to open after months of restrictions after the Taliban seized power last August, but a notice from the education ministry said schools would continue to remain closed, causing confusion, causing anger and disappointment to the last-minute move, as girls in Kabul cried while talking about being prevented from entering the classroom, the 'BBC' reports - 23 March 2022: Parents of Pulitzer Prize-winning Indian photojournalist Danish Siddiqui are seeking legal action against the Taliban over their son's death, as the 38-year-old Reuters journalist was killed last year after a Taliban ambush while reporting in Afghanistan, and as his parents have moved the International Criminal Court ICC against six Taliban leaders
29 April 2022 bast at Kabul Sunni mosque kills more than 50 worshippers: 29 April 2022: A powerful explosion has killed more than 50 worshippers after Friday prayers at a Kabul mosque, the latest of a series of attacks on civilian targets in Afghanistan during Ramadan, as the blast hit the Khalifa Sahib mosque in the west of the capital in the early afternoon, coming as worshippers at the Sunni mosque gathered after Friday prayers for a congregation known as Zikr
10 May 2022 Afghan women protest chief of Taliban Akhundzada's decree ordering women to cover up fully: 10 May 2022: Afghan women protest chief of Taliban Hibatullah Akhundzada's decree ordering women to cover up fully, ideally with a traditional all-covering burqa - 9 May 2022: Female medics continue to save lives in Afghanistan, but rely on the Red Cross to get by because the Taliban cannot pay their salaries
21 May 2022 National Institute of Music of Afghanistan, women’s orchestra Zohra in exile in Portugal: 21 May 2022: National Institute of Music of Afghanistan and women’s orchestra Zohra in exile in Portugal after in the summer of 2021, with the return of the Taliban, they had to leave their instruments behind and flee
22 May 2022 Taliban enforce face coverings for Afghanistan’s female news presenters: 22 May 2022: Afghanistan’s Taliban rulers have begun enforcing an order requiring all female TV news presenters in the country to cover their faces while on air, as part of a hardline shift that has drawn condemnation from rights activists
7 July 2022 Taliban execute, ‘disappear’ alleged militants, as over 100 bodies found Afghanistan's East: 7 July 2022: Taliban forces have summarily executed and forcibly disappeared alleged members and supporters of an Islamic State offshoot in eastern Afghanistan, Human Rights Watch said today. Since the Taliban took power in August 2021, residents of Nangahar and Kunar provinces east of Kabul have discovered the bodies of more than 100 men dumped in canals and other locations.
20 July 2022 new UN report confirms erosion of human rights since the Taliban takeover: 20 July 2022: A new report from the UN Mission in Afghanistan released on Wednesday, confirms the erosion of basic human rights across the country since the Taliban takeover in August last year, pointing out they bear responsibility for extrajudicial killings, torture, arbitrary arrests and detentions, and violations of fundamental freedoms.
7 December 2022 Taliban carry out first public execution since taking over Afghanistan: 7 December 2022: The Taliban put to death a man accused of murder in western Afghanistan, its spokesperson said on Wednesday, in the first officially confirmed public execution since the group took over the country last year. The execution in western Farah province was of a man accused of fatally stabbing another man in 2017, Taliban spokesperson Zabihullah Mujahid said, and was attended by senior officials of the group
20 December 2022 Afghanistan’s Taliban rulers have ordered an indefinite ban on university education for the country’s women: 20 December 2022: Afghanistan’s Taliban rulers have ordered an indefinite ban on university education for the country’s women. 'You all are informed to implement the mentioned order of suspending education of females until further notice' said a letter signed by the minister for higher education Neda Mohammad Nadeem, confirmed in a text message to Agence France-Presse. female teacher and pupils in an classroom in Afghanistan. The ban on higher education comes less than three months after thousands of girls and women sat university entrance exams across the country, with many aspiring to choose engineering and medicine as future careers.


Environment of Afghanistan: Environment of Afghanistan - Natural history of Afghanistan - Geology of Afghanistan - Climate of Afghanistan
Ecoregions in Afghanistan: List of ecoregions in Afghanistan - Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe - Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows - Protected areas of Afghanistan
Retreat of glaciers in the Himalayas and Central Asia: Retreat of glaciers in the Himalayas and Central Asia
Water in Afghanistan: Water in Afghanistan - Bodies of water of Afghanistan
Rivers of Afghanistan: Rivers of Afghanistan - List of rivers of Afghanistan - List of dams and reservoirs in Afghanistan
Water supply in Afghanistan: Water supply in Afghanistan
2018 escalating water crisis: 11 July 2018: As Afghanistan’s water crisis escalates, more effective water governance could bolster regional stability - 10 October 2018: UN stated that water scarcity is a rising cause for displacement in Afghanistan, saying that the groundwater level has declined by 1.4 mm between 2004-2012, and that 22 of Afghanistan’s 34 provinces are facing drought today, as there are 1.5 million Afghans, approximately 4% of the population, that are displaced and 448,000 were added in 2017 alone
Environmental issues in Afghanistan: Environmental issues in Afghanistan, including pollution, climate change, deforestation, domestic, industrial and nuclear waste - forests and wetlands have been depleted by centuries of grazing and farming, practices which have only increased with modern population growth and with 80% of the population dependent on herding or farming
Pollution and air pollution in Afgahnistan: Pollution and air pollution in Afgahnistan
Deforestation in Afghanistan: Deforestation in Afghanistan
2017 climate change 'death sentence' for Afghanistan's highlands: 28 August 2017: How climate change is a 'death sentence' in Afghanistan's highlands
February 2018 drought and climate change effects in Afghanistan: 12 February 2018: Drought and climate change effects in Afghanistan
July 2019 climate change significant obstacle for farmers: 10 July 2019: Climate change is a significant obstacle for farmers in the least developed countries like Afghanistan and adaptation support is exceptionally scarce
Natural disasters in Afghanistan: Natural disasters in Afghanistan
Drought in Afghanistan: Drought in Afghanistan
February 2018 drought and climate change effects in Afghanistan: 12 February 2018: Drought and climate change effects in Afghanistan
Floods and landslides in Afghanistan: Floods in Afghanistan - Many provinces in Afghanistan vulnerable to floods
2012/2013 floods: 21 May 2012: Flood waters ravaged the provincial capital Sar-e-Pul in northern Afghanistan, killing at least 19 people and destroying hundreds of homes - 4 August 2012: Flash floods in Afghanistan kill more than 40 people - August 2013 Pakistan–Afghanistan floods
2014 floods: 25 April 2014: More than 100 people have been killed and thousands left homeless by flash floods in north and west Afghanistan - May 2014 Badakhshan mudslides - 3 May 2014: Rescuers are sifting through mud for a second day after a deadly landslide in Badakhshan - June 2014 Baghlan floods - 7 June 2014: Flooding in Baghlan province kills more than 80 people and forces thousands to flee their homes
July 2018 landslide: 12 juillet 2018: Une coulée de boue provoquée par le débordement d'un lac de montagne a fait au moins 10 morts et emporté des centaines de maisons dans la vallée du Panjshir, selon le ministère de la gestion des catastrophes naturelles
1 August 2021 death toll in Afghanistan floods tops 100: 1 August 2021: Death toll in Afghanistan floods tops 100, as another 110 people are missing and 34 wounded in Nuristan province’s Kamdesh district as rescue operations continue
July 2022 Afghanistan floods in several provinces: July 2022 Afghanistan floods, as heavy rains caused flash floodings fist in nine provinces, as on 12 July the provinces of Kandahar, Kunar, Laghman, Logar, Nooristan, Paktia, Urozgan, Wardak, and Zabul reported thar a total of 42 people lost their lives, 5 injuries, 1,720 houses destroyed, 3,073 houses damaged, 790 acres of agricultural land destroyed, 444 tube wells inundated, 12 wheat mills destroyed, 28 bridges collapsed, at least 5km road damaged, 49 livestock killed and 3 electrical system damage. Flash floods are recurring for the coming week.
21 August 2022 flooding in eastern Afghanistan' Logar province has killed at least 9 people: 21 August 2022; Heavy flooding from seasonal rains in eastern Afghanistan has killed at least 9 people, washed away homes and destroyed livestock and farmland, according to Logar province's disaster management
23 August 2022 at least 20 people have been killed in flash floods in central Afghanistan: 23 August 2022: At least 20 people have been killed in flash floods in central Afghanistan, a disaster management official said, with heavy rain destroying thousands of homes and damaging agricultural land
25 August 2022 flooding in Afghanistan this month has killed more than 180 people: 25 August 2022: Flooding in Afghanistan this month has killed more than 180 people as torrential rains wrought widespread devastation in central and eastern Afghan provinces
Since 6 March 2024 Afghanistan–Pakistan floods: Since 6 March 2024, unseasonably heavy rains and resultant flash flooding in Afghanistan and Pakistan killed over 600 people, and injured many more. This extensively damaged infrastructure and agriculture.
10 May 2024 at least 50 dead after flash flooding in northern Afghanistan: 10 May 2024: At least 50 people, mainly women and children, have been killed in flash flooding in the northern Afghanistan province of Baghlan. The number was confirmed by the head of the provincial natural disaster management department, who said it could increase in the coming days.
Avalanches and weather events in Afghanistan: Avalanches in Afghanistan - Weather events in Afghanistan
2008 Afghanistan blizzard: 2008 Afghanistan blizzard
2015 avalanches: In February 2015 a total of 40 avalanches in Panjshir Province, Afghanistan killed at least 310 people, and another 129 were wounded
2017 avalanches: 4 février 2017: Les avalanches et le froid ont tué plus d'une vingtaine de personnes en deux jours en Afghanistan, dont des femmes et des enfants
13 January 2020 severe winter kills 48 people in Afghanistan and Pakistan: 13 January 2020: Severe winter weather has struck parts of Afghanistan and Pakistan, with heavy snowfall, rains and flash floods that left at least 48 people dead
Since 17 January 2023 Afghanistan blizzard: Since 17 January 2023 Afghanistan blizzard, killing until 25 January more than 150 people and tens of thousands of livestock
18 January 2023 dozens of people killed as cold wave sweeps Afghanistan: 18 January 2023: At least 70 people and tens of thousands of cattle have died due to freezing temperatures across Afghanistan, as Afghans reel from a spell of cold weather amid a humanitarian crisis, as this winter is by far the coldest in recent years, according to Mohammad Nasim Muradi, the head of Afghanistan’s meteorology office
25 January 2023 over 157 people have already died in Afghanistan’s harsh winter: 25 January 2023: More than 157 people have died in Afghanistan’s harsh winter, with the death toll doubling in less than a week as millions face bitter temperatures with minimal humanitarian aid. According to a report in CNN, the country is suffering one of its coldest winters, with temperatures plummeting to as low as minus 28 degrees Celsius in early January, far below the nationwide average of between 0 and 5 degrees Celsius for this time of year. The UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs UNOCHA said on Sunday it was delivering aid such as blankets, heating and shelter to some 565,700 people.
Earthquakes in Afghanistan: Earthquakes in Afghanistan
October 2015 Afghanistan earthquake: October 2015 Afghanistan earthquake - 26 October 2015: Afghanistan, India and Pakistan rocked by earthquake
January 2022 Afghanistan Badghis earthquake: 17 January 2022 Afghanistan Badghis earthquake - 18 January 2022 Badghis earthquakes in Afghanistan, as at least 26 people have been killed and hundreds of houses damaged after a magnitude 5.3 quake jolted Badghis province
22 June 2022 Afghanistan earthquake that struck the Durand Line, between Afghanistan and Pakistan: 22 June 2022 Afghanistan earthquake that struck the Durand Line, between Afghanistan and Pakistan, as officials confirmed that the earthquake resulted in a total of at least 1,000 deaths and 1,500 injuries, the deadliest earthquake in Afghanistan in more than 20 years. Poor construction practices and building materials contributed to the high death toll.
21 March 2023 Badakhshan Province earthquake: On 21 March 2023, a magnitude 6.5 earthquake struck Badakhshan Province with an intermediate depth of approximately 187km, as the epicenter of the earthquake was 40km south-southeast of Jurm - 22 March 2023: A magnitude 6.5 earthquake has rattled much of Pakistan and Afghanistan, sending panicked residents fleeing from homes and offices, and frightening people even in remote villages, as at least nine people died in Pakistan and two in Afghanistan according to officials, and as more than 200 people were brought to hospitals in the Swat valley region of Pakistan’s north-western Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province in a state of shock




Armenia - Geography of Armenia - History of Armenia - Demographics of Armenia
Economy of Armenia: Economy of Armenia - main industries include diamond-processing, metal-cutting machine tools, forging-pressing machines, electric motors, tires, knitted wear, hosiery, shoes, silk fabric, chemicals, trucks, instruments, microelectronics, jewelry manufacturing, software development, food processing, brandy - List of companies of Armenia
Industry in Armenia: Industry in Armenia - Companies of Armenia by industry
USA-owned firms in Armenia: Armenia-USA economic relations, as approximately 70 USA-owned firms currently do business in Armenia, including Dell, Microsoft, IBM, and as recent major USA investment projects include the Hotel Armenia/Marriott, the Hotel Ani Plaza, Tufenkian Holdings (carpet and furnishing production, hotels, and construction), several subsidiaries of USA-based information technology firms, including Viasphere Technopark, an IT incubator, Synopsys, jewelry and textile production facilities, several copper and molybdenum mining companies, and the Hovnanian International Construction Company
Mineral industry and mines in Armenia: Mineral industry is one of the main sectors of the Armenian economy and as of 2011 accounted for over half of the country's exports - Mines in Armenia
Copper mines in Armenia: Copper mines in Armenia - Ankasar mine having estimated reserves of 1.2 billion tonnes of ore grading 0.49% copper and 0.2% molybdenum - Kajaran copper and molybdenum mine
Gold and iron mines in Armenia: Kapan mine is one of the largest gold mines in the Armenia and in the world - Svarants mine having estimated reserves of 1.5 billion tonnes of ore grading 40% iron
Agriculture in Armenia: Agriculture in Armenia - in 2006 46% of the work force was employed in agriculture and agriculture contributed 21% of the country's GDP - principal agricultural products are grains, potatoes, vegetables, grapes and fruits - Armenian wine
Water in Armenia: Water in Armenia
Rivers and lakes of Armenia: Rivers and lakes of Armenia
Water supply and sanitation in Armenia: Water supply and sanitation in Armenia - Water privatization in Armenia
Tourism in Armenia: Tourism in Armenia - Visitor attractions in Armenia - World Heritage Sites in Armenia
Banking in Armenia: Banking in Armenia - List of banks in Armenia
Central Bank of Armenia: Central Bank of Armenia
2015-2017 Strategy for Maintaining Financial Stability: 2015-2017 Strategy for Maintaining Financial Stability
Since 2001 'Armenia Securities Exchange AMX' stock exchange: Since 2001 'Armenia Securities Exchange AMX' and 'Funded Pension System', the only stock exchange currently operating in Armenia located in Yerevan
November 2007 OMX buys Armenian stock exchange: 21 November 2007: Nordic and Baltic stock exchange company OMX OMX.ST said it had bought the Armenian stock exchange and the Central Depository of Armenia, as terms were not disclosed - Nasdaq Nordic, the common name for the subsidiaries of Nasdaq, Inc. that provide financial services and operate marketplaces for 'securities' in the Nordic, Baltic, and Caucasian regions of Europe - 23 August 2016: Nordic Large Cap
17 February 2014 Armenia’s president supports cabinet in implementing the funded pension system reform: 17 February 2014: Armenia’s president Sargsyan has fully supported the cabinet in implementing the funded pension system reform
Since August 2016 Nordic Large Cap: 23 August 2016: Nordic Large Cap
Economic history of Armenia and economic cycles: Economic history of Armenia
Since 1991 history of the modern Armenian economy: Since 1991 history of the modern Armenian economy
2000-2019 growth, increase and decline of GDP in Armenia: 2000-2019 growth, increase and decline of GDP in Armenia
April 2020 unemployment rate of Armenia 18.964%: 20 April 2020: 2017-2020 unemployment rate of Armenia in percent of total labor force 17.800, 20.400, 17.707 and 18.964 today, according to the IMF
Wealth and billionaires in Armenia: Wealth in Armenia - Armenian billionaires
Karapetyan, political corruption of the Republican Party of Armenia and RPA-affiliated oligarchs: Samvel Karapetyan, a Russian-Armenian billionaire, who owns the Tashir Group conglomerate, in 2013 the richest ethnic Armenian in the world - Allegations of political corruption of the Republican Party of Armenia and RPA-affiliated oligarchs
January 2018 Karapetyan named in USA Treasury Department's 'Putin list': In January 2018 Karapetyan named by the USA Treasury Department in the 'Putin list', consisting of 114 senior political figures and 96 oligarchs, all of whom rose to prominence under Russian war criminal Vladimir Putin - 30 January 2018; The full 'Putin list' of Russian oligarchs and political figures released by the USA Treasury
9 May 2019 Samvel Karapetyan and Danil Khachaturov in USA black books: 9 May 2019: Samvel Karapetyan and Danil Khachaturov in USA black books
Labor in Armenia: Labor in Armenia - Trade unions in Armenia
Armenia's social protection system after 1990: Armenia's social protection system after 1990
Taxation and budget in Armenia: Taxation in Armenia
2013/2014 state budget increasing public spending by roughly 10%: 12 December 2013: Government pushed through the parliament its draft state budget 2014 that aims to maintain fiscal austerity while increasing public spending by roughly 10%
Armed Forces of Armenia: Armed Forces of Armenia
Politics of Armenia: Politics of Armenia - 1995 Constitution of Armenia
Political parties snf programs of political parties in Armeniain: List of political parties in Armenia - Programs of political parties in Armenia
Trade unions in Armenia: Trade unions in Armenia
Parliament and government of Armenia: National Assembly of Armenia - Government of the Republic of Armenia, an executive council of government ministers and one of the three main governmental branches headed by the Prime Minister of Armenia
Elections, referendums and politics in Armenia: Elections in Armenia
July 1995 Armenian constitutional referendum: 5 July 1995 Armenian constitutional referendum, changes to the constitution were approved by 70.3% of voters with a turnout of 55.6%, establishing Armenia as a democratic, sovereign, social, and constitutional state
November 2005 Armenian constitutional referendum: 27 November 2005 Armenian constitutional referendum
6 May 2012 Armenian parliamentary election: Armenian parliamentary election 6 May 2012 - 7 May: Partial results show 44.41% of the vote for President Serzh Sarkisian's Republican party
18 February 2013 Armenian presidential election: Armenian presidential election 18 February 2013 - 17 February: Armenia president predicted to dominate polls - 19 February: Incumbent Serzh Sargsyan garners over 58% of vote, official results show, amid claims of voting violations
December 2015 Armenian constitutional referendum: 6 December 2015 Armenian constitutional referendum, proposing amendments to the constitution that would transform the country into a parliamentary republic and abolish direct presidential elections
April 2016 tightened security after a massive explosion on a bus: 25/26 April 2016: President Sarkisian has ordered police to tighten security after a massive explosion on a bus killed at least two passengers and wounded seven others in Armenian capital Yerevan - 27 April: Explosion that devastated bus in Yerevan, killing two people and injuring seven, reportedly not the result of a terrorist attack
April 2017 Armenian parliamentary election: 2 April 2017 Armenian parliamentary election
March 2018 Armenian presidential election: 2 March 2018 Armenian presidential election, the first time in Armenia's history when the president was elected by the National Assembly instead of popular vote
March-October 2018 Armenian local elections: March-October 2018 Armenian local elections
March-May 2018 Armenian velvet revolution: March-May 2018 'Armenian Revolution', a series of anti-government protests staged by various political and civil groups led by a member of the Armenian parliament Nikol Pashinyan - head of the Civil Contract party -, as protests and marches took place initially in response to Serzh Sargsyan's third consecutive term as the most powerful figure in the government of Armenia and later against the Republican Party-controlled government in general, then declared as a 'Velvet Revolution'
April 2018 PM Sargsyan's resignation and Karen Karapetyan succeeded as acting PM: 23-25 April 2018: After PM Sargsyan announced his resignation and Karen Karapetyan succeeded Sargsyan as acting PM, Pashinian calls for renewed protests as talks with the Republican Party are cancelled - 26 April 2018: Armenia’s opposition secured another victory as the country’s parliament said it would hold a special session and new leader elections after weeks of protests and the resignation of its PM - 29 April 2018: Armenia’s ruling party will not put up a candidate for PM as it attempts to ease tensions after more than two weeks of street protests
1 May 2018 parliament's divisions: 1 mai 2018: Le parti au pouvoir a voté contre Nikol Pachinian, et sur les 100 députés ayant participé au scrutin 55 se sont exprimés contre et 45 pour la candidature du chef de la contestation antigouvernementale
2 May 2018 opposition protests: 2 May 2018: Opposition protests have resumed across the capital Yerevan and Armenia, bringing cities to standstill
8 May 2018 Pashinyan beomces PM: 8 mai 2018: Le député Nikol Pachinian, un ancien journaliste et opposant de longue date, est devenu mardi le nouveau Premier ministre de l'Arménie, après avoir mené des manifestations antigouvernementales pendant une vingtaine de jours
20-27 May 2018 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes: 20-27 May 2018 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes
September 2018 Yerevan City Council election: 23 September 2018 Yerevan City Council election
October 2018 demonstrations demanding the dissolution of the National Assembly of Armenia: 2 October 2018 protest, as demonstrations demanding the dissolution of the National Assembly of Armenia were held in the capital Yerevan and at other locations in Armenia in response to a vote by the National Assembly to block PM Pashinyan from disbanding the legislature and holding an election
November 2018: 1 novembre 2018: Le parlement d'Arménie a été dissout faute d'avoir réussi à désigner un premier ministre, législatives anticipées en décembre
December 2018 Armenian parliamentary election: 9 December 2018 Armenian parliamentary election - 10 December 2018: PM Nikol Pashinian wins convincing victory, as alliance, which includes Pashinyan’s Civil Contract Party, gets 70.4% of the vote on Sunday based on results from all polling stations
Since 14 January 2019 second Pashinyan government after 'My Step Alliance' decisive victory in 2018 elections: Since 14 January 2019 second Pashinyan government is the current government of Armenia, as Nikol Pashinyan was appointed PM by president Sarkissian after 'My Step Alliance' decisive victory in parliamentary elections
5 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue after UN demanded an immediate end to fighting in September: 5 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue after UN Security Council on 30 September called for an immediate end to fighting in Nagorno-Karabakh
12 November 2020 PM Pashinyan under pressure: 12 novembre 2020: L’opposition arménienne tentait de mobiliser contre le Premier ministre Nikol Pachinian, l’accusant d’avoir trahi son pays en signant l’arrêt des hostilités au Nagorny Karabakh et en acceptant la rétrocession de vastes territoires à l’ennemi azerbaïdjanais
15 November 2020 Armenia says assassination attempt on PM thwarted as nation counts victims of Armenia/Azerbaijan war: 15 November 2020: Armenia says assassination attempt on PM thwarted, as former head of Armenia’s National Security Service Artur Vanetsyan was arrested on Saturday on charges of plotting to seize power, and as nation admits over 2,000 soldiers killed in nearly two months of clashes, and at least 143 civilians confirmed dead in fighting
Since 25 February 2021 alleged Armenian coup d'état attempt: Since 25 February 2021 alleged Armenian coup d'état attempt, as protesters barricaded streets around parliament overnight and set up tents to add pressure on the government to step aside, and as another protest was called for the next day
20 June 2021 Armenian parliamentary election: 20 June 2021 Armenian parliamentary election, and 28 participating political forces - Opinion polls for June 2021 parliamentary election - 20 June 2021 voting was underway in a parliamentary election in Armenia on Sunday
22 June 2021 many soldiers still missing since winter war as government remains unchallenged in Sunday's election: 22 June 2021: 8 months after the end of the war between Armenia and Azerbaijan in Nagorno-Karabakh that left more than 5,000 people dead, many soldiers are still missing, as in Armenia, families are desperately looking for news about their loved ones, and there is a growing lack of trust around DNA tests, a lack of information, leading to mounting pressure on a government, that remained unchallenged in Sunday's election - 22 juin 2021: L’ex-président arménien Robert Kotcharian, largement battu par le PM sortant Nikol Pachinian aux législatives, a annoncé mardi son intention de contester en justice les résultats du scrutin, brandissant la menace de manifestations
Protests and social movements in Armenia: Protests in Armenia
2011 Armenian protests: 2011 Armenian protests
2013 Armenian protests: 2013 Armenian protests
2014: 11 October 2014: Over 10,000 opposition supporters rallied in the Armenian capital demanding a change in government and accusing the present rulers of failing to stem poverty and corruption
2015: 15 January: Thousands demonstrate against Kremlin influence after a Russian soldier is accused of killing a family of six - 24 June 2015: Armenia protests over steep increase in electricity prices by 17 to 22%, at the request of Electric Networks of Armenia owned by the Russian company Inter RAO, escalate after police turn on demonstrators and Russian regime compares demonstrations to Maidan movement in Ukraine - 28 June: Demonstrators welcome government's news, saying the president's concessions fell short of their demands for the planned price hikes of almost 20% to be fully reversed - 29 June: Activists remained overnight on the streets of multiple cities in Armenia with compromise proposals by the president failing to disperse protesters - 4 July 2015: Armenia opens probe into police violence against protesters
March-May 2018 Armenian 'velvet revolution': March-May 2018 'Armenian Revolution', a series of anti-government protests staged by various political and civil groups led by a member of the Armenian parliament Nikol Pashinyan - head of the Civil Contract party -, as protests and marches took place initially in response to Serzh Sargsyan's third consecutive term as the most powerful figure in the government of Armenia and later against the Republican Party-controlled government in general, then declared as a 'Velvet Revolution'
April 2018 Armenian protests: April 2018 Armenian protests, as various political and civil groups staged anti-government rallies and marches in Armenia since 12 April
23 April 2018: 23 April 2018: A large group of unarmed Armenian soldiers joined anti-government protests in Yerevan in a development the Armenian military said was illegal and would be harshly punished - 23 avril 2018: Le principal opposant arménien a été libéré
24 April 2018: 24 April 2018: A day after protests forced Serzh Sargsyan from office, tens of thousands march in a column in remembrance of the victims of the Armenian genocide - 24 April 2018: Pashinian calls for fresh elections and peaceful transition
25 April 2018: 25 April 2018: Opposition protests have resumed in Yerevan after talks broke down between the ruling Republican party and the opposition, which forced PM Sargsyan to resign on Monday
May 2018: 2 May 2018: Tens of thousands of people have converged on the Armenian capital, blocking roads and government buildings, after the ruling party rejected the opposition leader Nikol Pashinyan’s bid to become PM
October 2018 demonstrations demanding the dissolution of the National Assembly of Armenia: 2 October 2018 protest, as demonstrations demanding the dissolution of the National Assembly of Armenia were held in the capital Yerevan and at other locations in Armenia in response to a vote by the National Assembly to block PM Pashinyan from disbanding the legislature and holding an election
Summer 2020 impact of Armenian revolution during Belarusian protests: Since summer 2020 during the 2020 Belarusian protests, the Armenian revolution was brought up as a model for Belarus for it lack of anti-Russian or pro-Western geopolitical orientation by commentators, but others rejected and criticized the notion
5 December 2020 Armenian protesters demand prime minister quit over conflict with Nagorno-Karabakh: 5 December 2020: Tens of thousands of opposition supporters have marched through the Armenian capital to call for the resignation of the country’s prime minister because of his handling of the conflict with Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh, as several priests of the 'Armenian Apostolic church' joined the protest, denouncing Pashinyan for allowing Azerbaijan to take over some 'holy sites'
Since 5 April 2022 Armenian protests: Since 5 April 2022 Armenian protests
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Armenia: Armenian society
Human rights in Armenia: Human rights in Armenia - Religion in Armenia - Freedom of religion in Armenia
Municipalities and provinces of Armenia: Municipalities and provinces of Armenia - First-level administrative divisions of Armenia and capitals
Gegharkunik province: Gegharkunik province of Armenia with its capital and largest city of Gavar, as Gegharkunik Province is located at the eastern part of Armenia, bordering Azerbaijan and the Shahumyan Region, and the largest province in Armenia
Cities and towns in Armenia: List of cities and towns in Armenia
Yerevan city: Yerevan city, the capital and largest city of Armenia and one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities, situated along the Hrazdan River, as Yerevan is the administrative, cultural, and industrial center of the country and the capital since 1918
Timeline of Yerevan since 782 BCE: Timeline of Yerevan since 782 BCE as settlement was founded by Argishti I of Urartu
Since 590 Katoghike Tsiranavor Church of Avan: Since 590 Katoghike Tsiranavor Church of Avan, a ruined 6th century church located in the Avan district of Yerevan, the oldest surviving church inside Yerevan's city limits
Since 1582/1583 Ottoman empire's Erivan Fortress: Since 1582/1583 Ottoman empire's Erivan Fortress, a 16th-century fortress in Yerevan built during the Ottoman rule but destroyed by an earthquake in 1679 and in 1853 ruined by another earthquake, as in 1865 the territory of the fortress was purchased by a merchant of the first guild who later built a brandy factory in the northern part of the fortress, completely demolished in 1930s
October 1827 capture of Erivan during the Russo-Persian War of 1826–28: October 1827 capture of Erivan during the Russo-Persian War of 1826–28, as the city fell to the Russian empire after being besieged for a week and opened up the path for the eventual capture of Tabriz, the second largest city in Iran and an important trading post
1828 Erivan Khanate (present-day Armenia) and Nakhichevan Khanate (present-day Azerbaijan) ceded to the Russian Empire: February 1828 Treaty of Turkmenchay as the Erivan Khanate (present-day Armenia) and Nakhichevan Khanate (present-day Azerbaijan) were ceded to the Russian Empire
1920-1991 Erivan capital of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic and media: 1920 Erivan becomes capital of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic until 1991 - Since 1926 Public Radio of Armenia, a public radio broadcaster in that was established in 1926 and remains one of the largest broadcasters in the country with three national channels, as the agency also has the country's largest sound archives, example also for media in other countries and cities in a manner depending on your orientation, state of the art and source location - Radio Yerevan jokes, also known as the Armenian Radio jokes, have been popular in the Soviet Union and other countries of the former Communist Eastern bloc since the second half of the 20th century
1965 Yerevan demonstrations: April 1965 Yerevan demonstrations, considered the first step in the struggle for the recognition of the Armenian Genocide of 1915
1991 Armenian independence referendum: 1991 Armenian independence referendum
14 August 2022 an explosion rocked a shopping centre and caused a fire in Yerevan: 14 August 2022: A powerful explosion has rocked a shopping centre and caused a fire in Armenia's capital Yerevan, as at least three people died and over 60 were injured in the blast at the Surmalu market, local media reported
Demographics and ethnic groups in Armenia: Demographics of Armenia - Ethnic groups in Armenia - Ethnic minorities in Armenia
Culture and languages of Armenia: Culture of Armenia - Languages of Armenia - List of museums in Armenia
Education in Armenia: Education in Armenia - Schools in Armenia - Universities in Armenia
Health in Armenia: Health in Armenia
Media in Armenia: Armenian media - List of newspapers in Armenia
Crime in Armenia: Crime in Armenia
Corruption in Armenia: Corruption in Armenia - June 2014: Corruption reportedly remains pervasive in Armenia's judiciary, tax, customs and regulatory rules remain non-transparent and instances of unfair tender processes and preferential treatment within the Armenian procurement system persist
Human trafficking in Armenia: Human trafficking in Armenia
Terrorism in Armenia: Terrorism in Armenia - 27 October 1999 Armenian parliament shooting
Foreign relations of Armenia: Foreign relations of Armenia
Treaties of Armenia: Treaties of Armenia
Armenia and the United Nations: Armenia and the United Nations
Since 20th century Nagorno-Karabakh religious, ethnic and territorial conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan: Since 20th century Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, an religious, ethnic and territorial conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan over the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh and seven surrounding districts, which are internationally recognized as de jure part of Azerbaijan
2008 UN resolution which 'reaffirmed Azerbaijan's territorial integrity': March 2008 UN General Assembly adopted a resolution which 'reaffirmed Azerbaijan's territorial integrity, expressing support for that country's internationally recognized borders and demanding the immediate withdrawal of all Armenian forces from all occupied territories there', adopted by a vote of 39 in favor to 7 against, while most countries either abstained or were absent
Bilateral relations of Armenia: Bilateral relations of Armenia
Armenia/Azerbaijan relations: Armenia/Azerbaijan relations - Armenians in Azerbaijan - Armenians once formed a sizable community in Baku but most Armenians fled the city in 1990 - Azerbaijanis in Armenia, since 1988–1991 most Azerbaijanis fled the country as a result of the Nagorno-Karabakh War
Nagorno-Karabakh conflict: Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and war 1988-1994 - 20 July 2012: Wahlsieg von Amtsinhaber Saakjan in Präsidentschaftswahlen - Kämpfe mit aserbeidschanischen Truppen
2012 song contest and clashes: Armenia/Azerbaijan relations in the Eurovision Song Contest 2012 - 6 June 2012: Deadly clashes along Azeri-Armenia border
2014 clashes: 4 August 2014: Bloody clashes between Azerbaijan and Armenia over disputed territory
2015 Nagorno-Karabakh parliamentary election: 3 May 2015 Nagorno-Karabakh parliamentary election - 4 May 2015: European Union, USA, Azerbaijan and Turkey don't recognise 'the constitutional and legal framework' of Nagorno-Karabakh parliamentary election
2016 clashes and OSCE-backed peace talks: 2/3 April 2016: More than 30 people killed in clashes over separatist enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh in the Armenian-Azerbaijan conflict - 5 avril 2016: Après 64 personnes ont trouvé la mort un accord a été trouvé pour faire cesser les combats dans la région du Nagorny-Karabakh - 26 April: Nagorno-Karabakh says two soldiers killed by gunfire from Azerbaijan - 27 April 2016: Nagorno-Karabakh says one soldier killed by Azeri gunfire - 17 May 2016: Armenia and Azerbaijan to hold OSCE-backed peace talks on Nagorno-Karabakh
March/April 2020 Artsakhian general election: 31 March 2020, 14 April 2020 second round of Artsakhian general election
July 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes: July 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes near Tavush, when four Azeris were reportedly killed, and an Armenian fortification was reportedly destroyed by Azerbaijan - 14 July 2020: At least 16 people have been killed in fighting between Armenia and Azerbaijan forces in the worst outbreak of hostilities in years, after skirmishes on the volatile border began on Sunday
Since 27 September 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict: Since 27 September 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, the ongoing armed conflict between the Azerbaijani and Armenian armed forces in Nagorno-Karabakh, as clashes began in the morning of 27 September 2020 along the Nagorno-Karabakh line of contact and both sides reported military and civilian casualties
27 September 2020 Armenia imposes martial law after clashes with Azerbaijan: 27 September 2020: Armenia has declared martial law and ordered the total mobilisation of its military after claiming to have destroyed several Azerbaijani aircraft and tanks in clashes over a disputed region
28 September clashes in the September 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict: 28 September clashes in the September 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
29 September casualties in the September 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh religious war: 29 September casualties in the September 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh religious war, already including many civilian victims
30 September 2020 clashes continued with lesser intensity overnight: 30 September 2020 clashes continued with lesser intensity overnight in Nagorno-Karabakh
1 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue: 1 October 2020: Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue
4 October 2020 after UN demanded an immediate end to fighting in September Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue: 4 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue after UN Security Council on 30 September called for an immediate end to fighting in Nagorno-Karabakh
5 October 2020 fighting between Armenia and Azerbaijan has escalated: 5 October 2020: Fighting between Armenia and Azerbaijan over the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh has escalated dramatically after Baku accused Armenian forces of firing rockets at Azerbaijan’s second largest city of Ganja, which lies outside the contested territory - 5 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue after UN Security Council on 30 September called for an immediate end to fighting in Nagorno-Karabakh
6 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue: 6 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue
7 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan conflict continues: 7 octobre 2020: La moitié de la population du Karabakh déplacée
8 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes and diplaced people: 8 October 2020: Half of Nagorno-Karabakh population displaced by Armenia and Azerbaijan clashes - 8 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes
9 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue: 9 October 2020: Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue, as civilian and military casualties are rising
10 October 2020 shaky ceasefire between Azerbaijan and ethnic Armenian forces: 10 October 2020: A shaky ceasefire between Azerbaijan and ethnic Armenian forces in Nagorno-Karabakh entered into force on Saturday after a deal was struck in Moscow between Baku and Armenia to allow prisoners and the bodies of the dead to be exchanged, but it is unclear how long the calm will last amid claims that both sides have already breached ceasefire
Since 10 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan ceasefire and violations: Since 10 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan ceasefire and violations
11 October 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh truce in jeopardy: 11 October 2020: Nagorno-Karabakh truce in jeopardy as accusations of violations fly, as Armenia and Azerbaijan accuse each other shelling civilian areas and escalating clashes, and as Azerbaijan’s foreign ministry said that overnight shelling by Armenian forces on country’s second largest city Ganja had left 7 people dead and 33 wounded including children, less than 24 hours after the halt to fighting was supposed to take effect - Armenia/Azerbaijan 11 October clashes
12 October 2020 new attacks increase strains on Nagorno-Karabakh ceasefire: 12 October 2020: Azeri and ethnic Armenian forces accused each other on Monday of launching new attacks in and around Nagorno-Karabakh, increasing pressure on a humanitarian ceasefire intended to stop the heaviest fighting over the enclave for more than 25 years
13 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes: 13 octobre 2020: Forces séparatistes arméniennes du Nagorny Karabakh et armée azerbaïdjanaise combattaient toujours mardi sur plusieurs secteurs du front - 13 October 2020: Artsakh military death toll reaches 532
14 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue: Clashes continued into 14 October, with situation in Aghdara, Aghdam, Fizuli, Hadrut, and Jabrayil districts remaining tense, according to Azerbaijan, also stating that the Armenian forces were shelling Tartar, Aghdam, and Aghjabedi districts - 14 October 2020: Eight more villages liberated from Armenian occupation, Azerbaijan says
16 October 2020 ongoing ceasefire violations: 16 October 2020: Azerbaijan's Hikmat Hajiyev says Armenia missile attack on Ordubad region in Nakhchivan testifies that Armenia tries to enlarge geographical scope of conflict
17 October 2020 Azerbaijan says 12 civilians killed by shelling in Ganja: 17 October 2020: Azerbaijan says 12 civilians killed by shelling in Ganja, as rescuers pull men, women and children out of rows of houses turned to rubble and people died with 40 more wounded in a sharp escalation of the conflict with Armenia over the region of Nagorno-Karabakh
18 October 2020 Armenia and Azerbaijan accuse each other of breaking fresh truce: 18 October 2020: Armenia and Azerbaijan accuse each other of breaking fresh truce, as Armenia says it was shelled twice, while Azerbaijan says mortars and artillery were used against it
19 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue: 19 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue
25 October 2020 Armenia-Azerbaijan clashes continue with varying intensity: 25 October 2020 Armenia-Azerbaijan clashes continue with varying intensity
26 October 2020 Azerbaijan and Armenian have accused each other of violating new ceasefire: 26 October 2020: Azerbaijan and Armenian have accused each other of violating new ceasefire in the countries’ conflict over the mountainous enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh, after truce, brokered by the USA and other western powers, had only just come into effect at 8am local time on Monday
27 October 2020 Armenia accused of deadly missile attack: 27 octobre 2020: L’Azerbaïdjan a accusé mardi l’Arménie d’avoir tiré un missile sur la région azerbaïdjanaise de Barda, proche du Nagorny Karabakh en guerre, ayant tué quatre civils et fait une dizaine de blessés - 27 October 2020: With clashes over the disputed Caucasus region entering a second month, international mediators are pushing to bring a stop to frontline clashes and shelling of civilian areas that have left hundreds dead
28 October 2020 more victims of deadly missile attack: 28 octobre 2020: L’Azerbaïdjan a accusé mercredi l’Arménie d’avoir tué 19 civils dans une attaque de missiles sur la région de Barda, une ville proche du front au Nagorny Karabakh
31 October 2020 Armenia demands Putin regime's support: 31 octobre 2020: Le Premier ministre arménien Pachinian a demandé samedi au Poutine d’entamer des consultations 'urgentes' sur l’aide que pourrait fournir la Russie pour assurer la sécurité de son pays, en conflit avec l’Azerbaïdjan sur le Nagorny Karabakh
1 November 2020 Azerbaijan rejects Russian intervention: 1 novembre 2020: Bakou assure que Moscou n’a pas de raison d’intervenir, déclarant mener des opérations militaires uniquement sur son territoire et n’a pas l’intention d’attaquer militairement l’Arménie
7 November 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue: 7 novembre 2020: Des troupes azerbaïdjanaises s’opposent aux soldats de la république sécessionniste du Nagorny Karabakh autour de Choucha, ville clé ouvrant la route à l’Arménie vers la capitale séparatiste Stepanakert
8 November 2020 Azerbaijan says it has taken Karabakh's Shusha: 8 November 2020: Azerbaijan says it has taken Karabakh's Shusha, the second-largest city in the Nagorno-Karabakh enclave, Armenia denies it
10 November 2020 Armenia signs 'painful' deal with Azerbaijan: 10 November 2020: After a string of Azerbaijani victories in its fight to retake disputed Nagorno-Karabakh region Armenia signs ‘painful’ deal with Azerbaijan, sparking outrage in Armenia, with angry protesters storming the government headquarters in Yerevan where they ransacked offices and broke windows
14 November 2020 Armenians in Nagorno-Karabakh set fire to their homes rather than hand them to Azerbaijan: 14 novembre 2020: Avant de fuir vers l’Arménie suite à l’accord de paix signé entre Erevan et Bakou, des habitants du Nagorny Karabakh ont mis le feu à leurs habitations pour ne pas «les laisser» aux Azerbaïdjanais
20 November 2020 Azerbaijani troops enter first district handed over by Armenia: 20 November 2020: Azerbaijan said its troops have entered a district bordering Nagorno-Karabakh that has been handed back by Armenian separatists after almost 30 years as part of recent peace deal
12 December 2020 both sides blame each other over ceasefire violations: 12 December 2020: Armenian officials and Azerbaijan accused each other of breaching a peace deal that ended six weeks of fierce fighting over Nagorno-Karabakh, with Azerbaijan’s leader threatening to crush Armenian forces with an 'iron fist', as new clashes mark the first significant breach of the peace deal
13 September 2022 Armenia, Azerbaijan trade blame over deadly border clashes: 13 September 2022: Armenia, Azerbaijan trade blame over deadly border clashes, as simmering tensions between neighbours spill into fighting that leaves dozens dead and prompts fears of wider escalation - 13 September 2022: Armenia has said nearly 50 of its soldiers have been killed in clashes along the border with Azerbaijan, in the worst escalation of hostilities since a 2020 war
14 September 2022 new clashes have erupted between Azerbaijani and Armenian troops: 14 September 2022: New clashes have erupted between Azerbaijani and Armenian troops, the Armenian defence ministry says, as Azerbaijan used artillery, mortar and small arms in its attack on Wednesday morning
May 2023 new clashes have erupted between Azerbaijani and Armenian troops: 11 May 2023: Azerbaijani and Armenian forces exchanged artillery fire on 11 May along the border, near the town of Sotk in the Gegharkunik Province, leaving at least one soldier dead with several others wounded, as both sides traded blame
19 May 2023: Armenian PM Nikol Pashinian agrees to meet Azerbaijan leader in Moscow: 19 May 2023: Armenian PM Nikol Pashinian agrees to meet Azerbaijan leader in Moscow, 'euronews' reports
Since 20 September 2023 Nagorno-Karabakh clashes: Between 19 and 20 September 2023, Azerbaijan launched a large-scale military offensive against the self-declared breakaway state of Artsakh, seen as a violation of the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh ceasefire agreement. The offensive took place in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh, which is internationally recognized as a part of Azerbaijan, but populated by Armenians. The attacks occurred in the midst of an escalating crisis caused by Azerbaijan blockading the Republic of Artsakh, which has resulted in significant scarcities of essential supplies such as food, medicine, and other goods in the affected region, according to 'Wikipedia'.
20 September 2023 ceasefire agreed after dozens killed in new Azerbaijani military offensive: 20 September 2023: A ceasefire agreement has been reached a day after Azerbaijan launched a new military offensive against the local Armenian government in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh
23 September 2023 Nagorno-Karabakh separatists expected to lay down arms amid fears of refugee crisis: 23 September 2023: Nagorno-Karabakh separatists were expected to lay down their arms under an agreement reached with the Azerbaijan government following its lightning military offensive this week. The Putin regime confirmed that the rebels had surrendered the first weapons on Friday and that the process is expected to continue through the weekend, amid calls for the rights of the residents of the mountainous region to be guaranteed, as international concerns grew over the plight of civilians there
28 September 2023 USA and Europe must press Azerbaijan to respect the rights of those who remain in Nagorno-Karabakh, 'The Guardian' says: 28 September 2023: The self-declared republic of Nagorno-Karabakh will cease to exist on New Year’s Day 2024, its ethnic Armenian officials announced on Thursday. The former autonomous region broke away from Azerbaijan after the collapse of the Soviet Union, but was not recognised even by Armenia, which backed it. All its institutions will now be dissolved.
30 September 2023 Armenians fear Azerbaijan will seek to grab more territory in its military offensive: 30 September 2023: Armenians fear Azerbaijan will seek to grab more territory in its military offensive, the British Guardian's Moscow correspondent Andrew Roth reports
Armenia/European Union relations: Armenia/European Union relations - Since 2009 'Eastern Partnership' initiative of the EU with the post-Soviet states of Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine - 15 April 2015: During its plenary session of the European Parliament an unprecedented number of members took the stage and showed their solidarity to the Armenian nation, supporting a resolution to recognize the Armenan Genocide during WW I, despite undermining by German SPD-Schulz
Armenia/Georgia relations: Armenia/Georgia relations
Armenia/Germany relations: Armenia/Germany relations
Armenians in Germany: Armenians in Germany are ethnic Armenians living within the modern republic of Germany, and like much of the Armenian diaspora, most Armenians immigrated to Germany after the Armenian Genocide of 1915
Armenian Genocide 1915-1923: Armenian Genocide 1915-1923 - 13 July 1919: Germany confesses in a secret record, printed at Potsdam, her Turkish partner's crimes in Armenia and its attempt to destroy a whole people - 17 February 2007: Germany, Turkey and the Armenian Genocide - a documentary of the Armenian genocide - 21 October 2012: Photograph of 1915 links Germans to 1915 Armenia genocide by the Ottoman Turks during World War I
April 2015: 15 April 2015: Armenian genocide should be called what it was and the German government has a special responsibility, because German officers were among the accessories and accomplices, the Central Council of Jews in Germany says - 17 April 2015: SPD-Steinmeier avoids to say 'genocide' for genocide of Armenians, because his party supported World War I from German beginning to end and therefore the war crimes - 17 April 2015: SPD-Schulz disassociates himself from European Parliament's resolution recognizing the Armenan Genocide, because his party supported World War I from German beginning to end and hence the war crimes
2016/December 2017 'Justifying Genocide: Germany and the Armenians from Bismarck to Hitler': 'Justifying Genocide: Germany and the Armenians from Bismarck to Hitler' , a 2016 book by the professor of history at the University of Haifa Stefan Ihrig, which shows how violence against the Ottoman Armenians, from the 1890s massacres to the Armenian Genocide, influenced Germany, illustrating how the topic was debated in Germany after World War I and how these debates and historical perceptions influenced the Holocaust - 18 December 2017: Stefan Ihrig and Abraham Terian receive NAASR’s Aronian Armenian Studies book prizes
Armenia/Iran relations: Armenia/Iran relations - Iranian Armenians - Armenian diaspora in the Middle East
Armenia/Israel relations: Armenia/Israel relations
History of the Jews in Armenia dating back more than 2,000 years: History of the Jews in Armenia dating back more than 2,000 years, as by 360–370 AD there was a massive increase in Jewish Hellenistic immigration into Armenia, and many Armenian towns became predominately Jewish
Armenians in Israel and Jerusalem's Armenian Quarter: Armenians in Israel, some of whom hold Israeli citizenship, as in 1986 an estimated 1,500 Armenians lived in the city of Jerusalem, as according to a 2006 survey, 790 Armenians lived in Jerusalem's Old City, and as in 2015 the 'Times of Israel' published an article with an estimate of up to 10,000 Armenians living across Israel - Dating back to the 4th century AD, Jerusalem's Armenian Quarter, one of the four quarters of the walled Old City of Jerusalem, that occupies an area of 0.126 km² or 14% of the Old City's total, with a population of 2,424 citziens (6.55% of Old City's total) in 2007
Since 4th/5th century history of Jewish-Armenian relations after Roman empire's destruction of Jerusalem: History of Jewish-Armenian relations since the early 4th century, as kingdom of Armenia became the first country to adopt Christianity as a state religion, and as a large number of Armenian monks are recorded to have settled in Jerusalem, destructed by the Roman empire, as early as the 4th century, as Jerusalem is thus considered the oldest living 'diaspora' community outside the Armenian homeland, but the first written records are from the 5th century
1914-1918 German and Ottoman empires' World War I and Armenians in Palestine mostly in Jerusalem: 1914-1918 German and Ottoman empire'a World War I, British and Jordanian periods, and 2,000–3,000 Armenians in Palestine, mostly in Jerusalem
1947 around 1,500 Armenians from Palestine repatriated to Soviet Armenia: In 1947 around 1,500 Armenians from Palestine repatriated to Soviet Armenia as part of the Soviet government's efforts to boost Armenia's population by a large-scale repatriation of ethnic Armenians, mostly from the Middle East
1959-2020 increase and decline of Armenia's Jewish population: In 1959 the Jewish population peaked in Soviet Armenia at approximately 10,000 people, and another wave of Jewish immigrants arrived in the country between 1965 and 1972 mostly from Russia and Ukraine, however with the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 many of them left due to the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, as between 1992 and 1994, more than 6,000 Jews immigrated to Israel because of Armenia's political isolation and economic depression, and as today the country's Jewish population has shrunk to around 750
January 2005 mounting anti-Semitism in Armenia: 26 January 2005: Armenia’s tiny Jewish community is growing concerned by what it says is mounting anti-Semitism in the South Caucasus country, as virtually not existenting in the past the issue has emerged over the past year amid a rise in anti-Jewish propaganda and the desecration of a Holocaust memorial in Yerevan, and as Armenian government has so far done little to address the Jewish community's concerns
April 2015 Israel sends delegation to Armenian genocide ceremony: 22 April 2015: Israel sends delegation to Armenian genocide ceremony over the weekend, marking the remembrance of the mass murder of Armenians by Turkish forces during World War I
September 2020 Armenia–Israel economic relations: Armenia–Israel economic relations, as Armenia receives 4.8% of its imports from Israel, while Israel receives 7.1% of Armenia's exports, according to September 2020 CIA World Factbook concerning Armenia
2 October 2020 Armenia recalls ambassador from Israel to protest sale of weapons to Azerbaijan: 2 October 2020: Armenia recalls ambassador from Israel to protest sale of weapons to Azerbaijan, as clashes between Armenian and Azerbaijani forces continued for a fifth straight day on Thursday, in the biggest escalation in years of a decades-old conflict that has killed dozens and left scores of others wounded
Armenia/Kurdistan relations: Armenia/Kurdistan relations - Kurdish recognition of the Armenian genocide
Armenia/Lebanon relations: Armenia/Lebanon relations - Armenians in Lebanon - Armenian diaspora in the Middle East - 11 May 2000: Lebanese parliament voted to recognize the Armenian genocide
Armenia/Russia relations: Armenia/Russia relations
April 1965 Yerevan commemorates 50th anniversary of the Armenian Genocide during WWI: April 1965 Yerevan demonstrations on the 50th anniversary of the Armenian Genocide
2015 Russia accused of killing a family of six: 15 January 2015: Thousands demonstrate against Kremlin influence after a Russian soldier is accused of killing a family of six
May 2016 Russia sued by Armenian family massacred by military in 2015: 28 May 2016: Russia sued by relatives of Armenian Avetisyan family, massacred by Russian soldier Valery Permyakov in 2015
Armenia/Syria relations: Armenia/Syria relations
Armenians in Syria, churches and Armenian diaspora in the Middle East: Armenians in Syria - Armenian Apostolic churches in Syria - Armenian churches in Syria - Armenian diaspora in the Middle East
Since 1491 'Forty Martyrs Armenian Cathedral' of Aleppo to commemorate Armenian victims of WWI: Since 1491 'Forty Martyrs Armenian Cathedral' of Aleppo, a 15th-century Armenian Apostolic church located in the old Christian quarter of Jdeydeh
1991-2014 Armenian Genocide Martyrs' Memorial in Deir ez-Zor: 1991-2014 Armenian Genocide Martyrs' Memorial in Deir ez-Zor, a complex dedicated to victims of the Armenian Genocide, consecrated on 4 May 1991 by Catholicos Karekin II of the Armenian Catholicosate of Cilicia - Monument and Memorial Complex at Der Zor, Syria, to commemorate the victims of the 1915 Armenian Genocide during Ottoman and German empires' World War I
September 2014 Armenian Genocide Martyrs' Memorial in Deir ez-Zor blown up by terrorists: 21 September 2014: Armenian Genocide Martyrs' Memorial in Deir ez-Zor blown up by terrorists, as reports blamed the destruction on militants belonging to Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
Since 2011 Armenia maintains diplomatic relations with Assad's regime: Since 2011 despite Assad regime's war against the Syrian people since protests rejecting dictatorship, the Armenian embassy is still open in Damascus and the country maintains diplomatic relations with Assad's regime
Armenia/Turkey relations: Armenia/Turkey relations
Armenian Genocide 1915-1923: Armenian Genocide 1915-1923 - Witnesses and testimonies of the Armenian Genocide - 13 July 1919: Germany confesses in a secret record, printed at Potsdam, her Turkish partner's crimes in Armenia and its attempt to destroy a whole people - 17 February 2007: Germany, Turkey and the Armenian Genocide - a documentary of the Armenian genocide - 21 October 2012: Photograph of 1915 links Germans to 1915 Armenia genocide by the Ottoman Turks during World War I
Since 1919: 24 April Armenian Genocide Remembrance Day since 1919 - April 1965 Yerevan demonstrations on the 50th anniversary of the Armenian Genocide - Armenian Genocide memorial complex is Armenia's official memorial dedicated to the victims of the Armenian Genocide, built in 1967 on the hill of Tsitsernakaberd in Yerevan - Armenian Genocide Museum-Institute was opened in 1995
International Armenian Genocide recognition and Turkey's denial: International Armenian Genocide recognition - The governments of Turkey and Azerbaijan deny that the Ottoman authorities attempted to exterminate the Armenian people
2015: 17 April 2015: Turkey has never accepted the term genocide for its war crime against Armenians, even though historians have demolished its denial of responsibility for up to 1.5 million deaths - Commemoration of 100 years of the Armenian Genocide 24 April 2015 - 24 April 2015: Armenian genocide survivor's vivid memories of the day the soldiers came - 24 April: Armenian genocide survivors' stories - 25 April 2015: As Armenia marks 1915 massacre, it is also called genocide in Turkey's World War I partner Germany
Armenia/United Kingdom relations: Armenia/United Kingdom relations since United Kingdom recognised Armenia on 31 December 1991
Since 19th century Armenian community of the UK: Since 19th century Armenian community of the UK, as in 1989 around 10,000 Armenians were living in Greater London thought to be first-generation immigrants from Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Iran and Cyprus, also including Armenians from Ethiopia, India, Egypt, Israel, as well as individuals from other countries
Armenian–British relations since 1890s and during Ottoman and German empires' World War I: Armenian–British relations
Armenia/USA relations: Armenia/USA relations
Armenian USA citizens: Armenian Americans, forming the second largest community of the Armenian diaspora after Armenians in Russia, as the first major wave of Armenian immigration took place in the late 19th and early 20th centuries
Armenia-USA economic relations and USA-owned firms in Armenia: Armenia-USA economic relations, as approximately 70 USA-owned firms currently do business in Armenia, including Dell, Microsoft, IBM, and as recent major USA investment projects include the Hotel Armenia/Marriott, the Hotel Ani Plaza, Tufenkian Holdings (carpet and furnishing production, hotels, and construction), several subsidiaries of USA-based information technology firms, including Viasphere Technopark, an IT incubator, Synopsys, jewelry and textile production facilities, several copper and molybdenum mining companies, and the Hovnanian International Construction Company


Azerbaijan - Geography of Azerbaijan - History of Azerbaijan - Demographics of Azerbaijan
Economy of Azerbaijan: Economy of Azerbaijan - main industries include petroleum and natural gas, petroleum products, petrochemicals, oilfield equipment, steel, iron ore, machinery, cement, chemicals, textiles, cotton, foodstuffs - List of companies of Azerbaijan - Companies of Azerbaijan by industry
Petroleum industry in Azerbaijan: Petroleum industry in Azerbaijan - Oil fields of Azerbaijan - Oil and gas companies of Azerbaijan - Oil pipelines in Azerbaijan - Natural gas pipelines in Azerbaijan
2015: 21 September 2015: Azerbaijan expects to produce 40 million tonnes of oil and 30 bln cubic meters of gas in 2016, Azerbaijan's state energy company SOCAR says, roughly steady compared with 2015
5 December 2015: Thirty oil workers are missing, one person confirmed dead and 32 rescued, after the rig they were working on in the Caspian Sea was engulfed by fire - 5 December: Thirty-two workers have died after SOCAR's oil platform caught fire
Energy in Azerbaijan: Energy in Azerbaijan
Agriculture in Azerbaijan: Agriculture in Azerbaijan - major cash crops are cotton, tobacco, rice, grapes and fruits - Azerbaijani wine
Cotton production in Azerbaijan: Cotton production in Azerbaijan
Tourism in Azerbaijan: Tourism in Azerbaijan
Banking in Azerbaijan: Banking in Azerbaijan - List of banks in Azerbaijan - Central Bank of Azerbaijan since 1992 - Military history of Azerbaijan - Azerbaijan in World War II
Military in Azerbaijan: Azerbaijani Armed Forces
Taxation and budget in Azerbaijan: Taxation in Azerbaijan - 21 July 2014: Information about the state budget for six months of 2014
Politics of Azerbaijan: Politics of Azerbaijan - 1995/2009 Constitution of Azerbaijan
Political parties in Azerbaijan: List of political parties in Azerbaijan - Azerbaijan is a one party dominant state, as opposition parties against the New Azerbaijan Party are functioning, but are widely considered to have no real chance of gaining power
Trade unions in Azerbaijan: Trade unions in Azerbaijan
Elections and politics in Azerbaijan: Elections in Azerbaijan
December 1991 Azerbaijani independence referendum: 29 December 1991 Azerbaijani independence referendum, three days after the collapse of the Soviet Union, with 99.8% of the vote in favour
November 1995 Azerbaijani constitutional referendum: 12 November 1995 Azerbaijani constitutional referendum
March 2009 Azerbaijani constitutional referendum: 18 March 2009 Azerbaijani constitutional referendum, consisting of 29 measures including a measure to abolish presidential term limits and a measure to greatly restrict press freedom
October 2013 Azerbaijani presidential election: Azerbaijani presidential election 9 October 2013 - 9 October: Azerbaijan votes in presidential election - 10 October 2013: Azerbaijan's Ilham Aliyev hails poll 'triumph' amid concerns
2015: 11 August 2015: Several rights groups call on authorities in Azerbaijan to conduct a full and transparent investigation into the murder of journalist Rasim Aliyev
November 2015 Azerbaijani parliamentary election: 1 November 2015 Azerbaijani parliamentary election - Results of the Azerbaijani parliamentary election in 2015 by constituency
April 2018 Azerbaijani presidential election: 11 April 2018 Azerbaijani presidential election - 12 April 2018: Supporters of Azerbaijan’s president forced election monitors to halt a news conference on Thursday where they were announcing they had found the election that gave Ilham Aliyev a fourth term undemocratic
February 2020 Azerbaijani parliamentary election: 9 February 2020 Azerbaijani parliamentary election, brought forward after parliament was dissolved in December 2019
5 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue after UN demanded an immediate end to fighting in September: 5 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue after UN Security Council on 30 September called for an immediate end to fighting in Nagorno-Karabakh
Social movements and protests in Azerbaijan: Protests in Azerbaijan
2011: 2011 Azerbaijani protests
2013: January 2013 Baku protests - 26 January 2013: Azerbaijan police brutally dispersed an unauthorised rally, protesting against the police using excessive force against peaceful protests, in central Baku, beating up and arresting scores of people
2015: 6 April 2015: About 1,000 Azeris held a rally on Sunday to protest against rising prices and a crackdown on human rights as economic problems mount ahead of a parliamentary election this year - 23 August 2015: Using tear gas and batons police in Azerbaijan broke up a protest and detained scores of participants in the town of Mingachevir two days after a young man died in custody after interrogation
2016: 15 January 2016: Azerbaijan forced to cut taxes on essential foods after widespread protests over deteriorating economic conditions that have seen the prices of essentials such as flour and bread rise steeply in recent months
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Azerbaijan: Azerbaijani society
Human rights in Azerbaijan: Human rights in Azerbaijan
Administrative divisions and districts of Azerbaijan: Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan - Districts of Azerbaijan
Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic: Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic is a landlocked exclave of the Republic of Azerbaijan, as the region covers 5,500 km2 with a population of 414,900 citizens, bordering Armenia to the east and north, Iran to the south and west, and Turkey to the northwest
Demographics of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic: Demographics of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, as in January 2018, Nakhchivan's population was estimated to be 452,831 citizens, and as most of the population are Azerbaijanis, who constituted 99% of the population in 1999, while ethnic Russians (0.15%) and a minority of Kurds (0.6%) constituted the remainder of the population
Economy of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic: Economy of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic
Since 1991 history of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic: Since 1991 history of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic
>Nakhchivan municipality and Nakhchivan capital city: Nakhchivan municipality, consisting of the city of Nakhchivan, the capital of the eponymous Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan, and the settlement of Oliabad, the villages of Basbasi, Bulqan, Haciniyyat, Qaraçuq, Qaraxanbayli, Tumbul, Qaragaliq, and Dasduz, spread over the foothills of Zangezur Mountains, on the right bank of the Nakhchivan River at an altitude of 873 m above sea level
Since 1967/1990 Nakhchivan State University: Since 1967 Nakhchivan State University, a public university located in Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, founded as a part of the Azerbaijan Pedagogical Institute and becoming the Nakhchivan State University in 1990, with 290 faculty members and currently 3500 students - Affiliations, awards and international activity of the Nakhchivan State University
Cities in Azerbaijan: List of cities in Azerbaijan
Baku city: Baku city, the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region, with a population of 2,374,000 people in 2015 - History of Baku - Education in Baku - Schools in Baku - List of universities in Baku
Economy of Baku: Economy of Baku - Companies based in Baku - Baku pipelines, including Baku-Novorossiysk, Baku-Supsa (Georgia) and Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan (Turkey, since 2006) pipelines, starting from Baku and transport Azerbaijani oil to the world market
Since 2016 industry and industrial production indexes in Baku: Industry and industrial production indexes in Baku since 2016
Timeline of Baku since 12th century CE: Timeline of Baku since 12th century CE
October 1813 treaty of Gulistan between the Russian Empire and Iran: October 1813 treaty of Gulistan between the Russian Empire and Iran as a result of the first full-scale Russo-Persian War 1804-1813, as the treaty confirmed the ceding and inclusion of what is now Daghestan, eastern Georgia, most of the Republic of Azerbaijan and parts of northern Armenia from Iran into the Russian Empire
December 1991 Azerbaijani independence referendum: December 1991 Azerbaijani independence referendum three days after the collapse of the Soviet Union, as the result was 99.8% in favour, with turnout reported to be 95.3%
Ganja city: Ganja city, Azerbaijan's second largest city, with a population of around 332,600 citizens
Economy of Ganja-Gazakh economic region: Economy of Ganja, embracing the issues connected to the economy of the city of Ganja, as industry, tourism, agriculture, and transportation are the major branches of its economy, and as most of the total volume of industrial products is accounted for non-ferrous metallurgy, light and food industries, electronics industry and home appliances
Agriculture of Ganja-Gazakh economic region: Agriculture of Ganja, as the major agricultural specialization areas in Ganja are potatoes, viniculture and wheat cultivation, producing 13-14% of agricultural output in the republic, including 80-85% of potatoes, 28% of grapes, as 15% of livestock goods belongs to Ganja-Gazakh region's share along with the city of Ganja
Sumgayit city: Sumgayit city in Azerbaijan, located near the Caspian Sea, with a population of around 265,000 citizens, making it the third-largest city in Azerbaijan after the capital Baku and the city of Ganja
Economy of Sumgayit: Economy of Sumgayit, after in 1935 the Soviet government decided to develop heavy industry in the Absheron Peninsula and as Sumgayit was chosen based on its proximity to Baku and its key position on existing railroad lines
Demographics of Azerbaijan: Demographics of Azerbaijan
Ethnic groups and minorities in Azerbaijan: Ethnic groups in Azerbaijan - Ethnic minorities in Azerbaijan
Culture and languages of Azerbaijan: Culture of Azerbaijan - Languages of Azerbaijan
Women and women's rights in Azerbaijan: Women and women's rights in Azerbaijan, as women nominally enjoy the same legal rights as men, but societal discrimination remains a problem - Gender equality in Azerbaijan
Since 2006 Women's Media Watch Azerbaijan: Since 2006 Women's Media Watch Azerbaijan, uniting women journalists working in broadcast, print and on-line journalism in Azerbaijan, as the organization trains women journalists and NGOs to keep media outlets and decision makers accountable to the public interest, and as the goal of the organization is to increase women's presence in the public debate and strengthen women's role
Children's rights in Azerbaijan: Children's rights in Azerbaijan
Education in Azerbaijan: Education in Azerbaijan - Education in Baku
Schools in Azerbaijan: Schools in Azerbaijan - Schools in Baku
Universities in Azerbaijan: Universities in Azerbaijan - List of universities in Baku - Azerbaijan State Oil Academy since 1920
Science and technology in Azerbaijan: Science and technology in Azerbaijan
Health in Azerbaijan: Health in Azerbaijan
Disease outbreaks in Azerbaijan: Disease outbreaks in Azerbaijan
Since February 2020 covid-19 pandemic in Azerbaijan: Since February 2020 covid-19 pandemic in Azerbaijan, part of the worldwide pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS-CoV-2
June 2020 amid renewed covid-19 outbreak Azerbaijan introduces strict lockdown: 4 June 2020: Amid renewed covid-19 outbreak, Azerbaijan introduces strict lockdown, as the disease is spreading rapidly following the loosening of earlier restrictions
8 September 2020 Azerbaijan confirms 128 more covid-19 recoveries: 8 Septemer 2020: Azerbaijan has detected 139 new covid-19 cases, 128 patients have recovered and one patient has died, as up until now, 37,557 people have been infected in the country, 34,965 of them have recovered, and 552 people have died. Currently, and as 2,040 people are under treatment in special hospitals
Healthcare in Azerbaijan: Healthcare in Azerbaijan - Medicine in Azerbaijan - Medical and health organizations based in Azerbaijan
Hospitals in Azerbaijan: Hospitals in Azerbaijan
Sport in Azerbaijan: Sport in Azerbaijan - Sport in Azerbaijan by sport
International sports competitions hosted by Azerbaijan
2015: 28 May 2015: After a devastating blaze kills 16 people, residents are criticising Azerbaijan’s attempts to whitewash the city for its international visitors ahead of European Games
Azerbaijani media: Azerbaijani media - Freedom of the media in Azerbaijan
May 2015 Azerbaijan extends journalist Khadija Ismayilova's detention: 15 May 2015: Azerbaijan extends journalist Khadija Ismayilova's detention ahead of European Games as rights groups say charges against her are politically motivated because of reports exposing state corruption
August 2015 journalist Rasim Aliyev died in hospital after assault by six people: 11 August 2015: Rasim Aliyev, a journalist in Azerbaijan has died in hospital after being invited to meet football player Huseynov he had criticised on Facebook, but after arrival at the appointed place was assaulted by six people
Internet in Azerbaijan: Internet in Azerbaijan
Crime in Azerbaijan: Crime in Azerbaijan
War crimes and massacres in Azerbaijan: War crimes in Azerbaijan - List of massacres in Azerbaijan - 1918 September Days massacre of Baku refers to the Russian Civil War when Armenian inhabitants of Baku were massacred by Enver Pasha's Army of Islam - March 1920 Shusha massacre was the mass killing of the Armenian population of Shusha that followed the suppression of the Armenian revolt against the authorities of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic - January 1990 Baku pogrom was an anti-Armenian pogrom directed against the Armenian inhabitants of Baku - Black January 1990 was a violent crackdown pursuant to a state of emergency during the dissolution of the Soviet Union to stop pogroms and violence against the Armenian population in Baku - 1992 Khojaly massacre was the killing of Azerbaijani civilians by Armenian and CIS forces during the Nagorno-Karabakh War - 1992 Maragha Massacre was the mass murder of Armenian civilians in the village Maragha by Azerbaijani troops in the course of the Nagorno-Karabakh War
Azerbaijani mafia: Azerbaijani mafia is a general term for organized criminal gangs, mostly based in Moscow and other major Russian cities
Terrorism in Azerbaijan: Terrorism in Azerbaijan
Corruption in Azerbaijan: Corruption in Azerbaijan
2012: 31 December 2012: Ilham Aliyev, the President of Azerbaijan, has won the first ever Organized Crime and Corruption Person of the Year bestowed by the Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project
Law of Azerbaijan and legal history: Law of Azerbaijan - Constitution of Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan legislation and Judicial–Legal Council: - Judicial–Legal Council
Judiciary of Azerbaijan: Judiciary of Azerbaijan
Law enforcement in Azerbaijan: Law enforcement in Azerbaijan
Foreign relations of Azerbaijan: Foreign relations of Azerbaijan
Treaties of Azerbaijan: Treaties of Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan and the United Nations: Azerbaijan and the United Nations
Since 20th century Nagorno-Karabakh religious, ethnic and territorial conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan: Since 20th century Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, an religious, ethnic and territorial conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan over the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh and seven surrounding districts, which are internationally recognized as de jure part of Azerbaijan
2008 UN resolution which 'reaffirmed Azerbaijan's territorial integrity': March 2008 UN General Assembly adopted a resolution which 'reaffirmed Azerbaijan's territorial integrity, expressing support for that country's internationally recognized borders and demanding the immediate withdrawal of all Armenian forces from all occupied territories there', adopted by a vote of 39 in favor to 7 against, while most countries either abstained or were absent
Bilateral relations of Azerbaijan: Bilateral relations of Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan/Argentina relations: Azerbaijan/Argentina relations - Paraná–Uruguaiana pipeline
November 2019 Argentina asks Azerbaijan to arrest Iranian Velayati: 10 November 2019: Scheduled to attend the Second Summit of religious world leaders in Baku on November 14-15, Argentina has asked Azerbaijan to arrest high-level Iranian adviser Ali Akbar Velayati to the country’s supreme leader in connection with the bombing in 1994 of the Buenos Aires AMIA Jewish center, because Velayati was Iran’s foreign minister at the time of the terrorist attack and has been implicated in ordering the bombing
Azerbaijan/Armenia relations: Azerbaijan/Armenia relations - Armenians in Azerbaijan - Armenians once formed a sizable community in Baku but most Armenians fled the city in 1990 - Azerbaijanis in Armenia, since 1988–1991 most Azerbaijanis fled the country as a result of the Nagorno-Karabakh War
Nagorno-Karabakh conflict: Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and war 1988-1994 - 20 July 2012: Wahlsieg von Amtsinhaber Saakjan in Präsidentschaftswahlen - Kämpfe mit aserbeidschanischen Truppen
2012 song contest and clashes: Armenia/Azerbaijan relations in the Eurovision Song Contest 2012 - 6 June 2012: Deadly clashes along Azeri-Armenia border
2014 clashes: 4 August 2014: Bloody clashes between Azerbaijan and Armenia over disputed territory
2015 Nagorno-Karabakh parliamentary election: 3 May 2015 Nagorno-Karabakh parliamentary election - 4 May 2015: European Union, USA, Azerbaijan and Turkey don't recognise 'the constitutional and legal framework' of Nagorno-Karabakh parliamentary election
2016 clashes and OSCE-backed peace talks: 2/3 April 2016: More than 30 people killed in clashes over separatist enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh in the Armenian-Azerbaijan conflict - 5 avril 2016: Après 64 personnes ont trouvé la mort un accord a été trouvé pour faire cesser les combats dans la région du Nagorny-Karabakh - 26 April: Nagorno-Karabakh says two soldiers killed by gunfire from Azerbaijan - 27 April 2016: Nagorno-Karabakh says one soldier killed by Azeri gunfire - 17 May 2016: Armenia and Azerbaijan to hold OSCE-backed peace talks on Nagorno-Karabakh
July 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes: July 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes near Tavush, when four Azeris were reportedly killed, and an Armenian fortification was reportedly destroyed by Azerbaijan - 14 July 2020: At least 16 people have been killed in fighting between Armenia and Azerbaijan forces in the worst outbreak of hostilities in years, after skirmishes on the volatile border began on Sunday
Since 27 September 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict: Since 27 September 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, the ongoing armed conflict between the Azerbaijani and Armenian armed forces in Nagorno-Karabakh, as clashes began in the morning of 27 September 2020 along the Nagorno-Karabakh line of contact and both sides reported military and civilian casualties
27 September 2020 Armenia imposes martial law after clashes with Azerbaijan: 27 September 2020: Armenia has declared martial law and ordered the total mobilisation of its military after claiming to have destroyed several Azerbaijani aircraft and tanks in clashes over a disputed region - 27 septembre 2020: L’Arménie et l’Azerbaïdjan étaient au bord de la guerre dimanche après de nouveaux combats entre les forces azerbaïdjanaises et la région séparatiste du Nagorny Karabakh soutenue par l’Arménie, qui ont fait au moins 23 morts et une centaine de blessés
28 September clashes in the September 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict: 28 September clashes in the September 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
29 September casualties in the September 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh religious war: 29 September casualties in the September 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh religious war, already including many civilian victims
30 September 2020 clashes continued with lesser intensity overnight: 30 September 2020 clashes continued with lesser intensity overnight in Nagorno-Karabakh
1 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue: 1 October 2020: Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue
4 October 2020 after UN demanded an immediate end to fighting in September Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue: 4 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue after UN Security Council on 30 September called for an immediate end to fighting in Nagorno-Karabakh
5 October 2020 fighting between Armenia and Azerbaijan has escalated: 5 October 2020: Fighting between Armenia and Azerbaijan over the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh has escalated dramatically after Baku accused Armenian forces of firing rockets at Azerbaijan’s second largest city of Ganja, which lies outside the contested territory - 5 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue after UN Security Council on 30 September called for an immediate end to fighting in Nagorno-Karabakh
6 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue: 6 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue
7 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan conflict continues: 7 octobre 2020: La moitié de la population du Karabakh déplacée
8 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes and diplaced people: 8 October 2020: Half of Nagorno-Karabakh population displaced by Armenia and Azerbaijan clashes - 8 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes
9 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue: 9 October 2020: Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue, as civilian and military casualties are rising
10 October 2020 shaky ceasefire between Azerbaijan and ethnic Armenian forces: 10 October 2020: A shaky ceasefire between Azerbaijan and ethnic Armenian forces in Nagorno-Karabakh entered into force on Saturday after a deal was struck in Moscow between Baku and Armenia to allow prisoners and the bodies of the dead to be exchanged, but it is unclear how long the calm will last amid claims that both sides have already breached ceasefire
Since 10 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan ceasefire and violations: Since 10 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan ceasefire and violations
11 October 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh truce in jeopardy: 11 October 2020: Nagorno-Karabakh truce in jeopardy as accusations of violations fly, as Armenia and Azerbaijan accuse each other shelling civilian areas and escalating clashes, and as Azerbaijan’s foreign ministry said that overnight shelling by Armenian forces on country’s second largest city Ganja had left 7 people dead and 33 wounded including children, less than 24 hours after the halt to fighting was supposed to take effect - Armenia/Azerbaijan 11 October clashes
12 October 2020 new attacks increase strains on Nagorno-Karabakh ceasefire: 12 October 2020: Azeri and ethnic Armenian forces accused each other on Monday of launching new attacks in and around Nagorno-Karabakh, increasing pressure on a humanitarian ceasefire intended to stop the heaviest fighting over the enclave for more than 25 years
13 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes: 13 octobre 2020: Forces séparatistes arméniennes du Nagorny Karabakh et armée azerbaïdjanaise combattaient toujours mardi sur plusieurs secteurs du front - 13 October 2020: Artsakh military death toll reaches 532
14 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue: Clashes continued into 14 October, with situation in Aghdara, Aghdam, Fizuli, Hadrut, and Jabrayil districts remaining tense, according to Azerbaijan, also stating that the Armenian forces were shelling Tartar, Aghdam, and Aghjabedi districts - 14 October 2020: Eight more villages liberated from Armenian occupation, Azerbaijan says
16 October 2020 ongoing ceasefire violations: 16 October 2020: Azerbaijan's Hikmat Hajiyev says Armenia missile attack on Ordubad region in Nakhchivan testifies that Armenia tries to enlarge geographical scope of conflict
17 October 2020 Azerbaijan says 12 civilians killed by shelling in Ganja: 17 October 2020: Azerbaijan says 12 civilians killed by shelling in Ganja, as rescuers pull men, women and children out of rows of houses turned to rubble and people died with 40 more wounded in a sharp escalation of the conflict with Armenia over the region of Nagorno-Karabakh
18 October 2020 Armenia and Azerbaijan accuse each other of breaking fresh truce: 18 October 2020: Armenia and Azerbaijan accuse each other of breaking fresh truce, as Armenia says it was shelled twice, while Azerbaijan says mortars and artillery were used against it
19 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue: 19 October 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue
25 October 2020 Armenia-Azerbaijan clashes continue with varying intensity: 25 October 2020 Armenia-Azerbaijan clashes continue with varying intensity
26 October 2020 Azerbaijan and Armenian have accused each other of violating new ceasefire: 26 October 2020: Azerbaijan and Armenian have accused each other of violating new ceasefire in the countries’ conflict over the mountainous enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh, after truce, brokered by the USA and other western powers, had only just come into effect at 8am local time on Monday
27 October 2020 Armenia accused of deadly missile attack: 27 octobre 2020: L’Azerbaïdjan a accusé mardi l’Arménie d’avoir tiré un missile sur la région azerbaïdjanaise de Barda, proche du Nagorny Karabakh en guerre, ayant tué quatre civils et fait une dizaine de blessés - 27 October 2020: With clashes over the disputed Caucasus region entering a second month, international mediators are pushing to bring a stop to frontline clashes and shelling of civilian areas that have left hundreds dead
1 November 2020 Azerbaijan rejects Russian intervention: 1 novembre 2020: Bakou assure que Moscou n’a pas de raison d’intervenir, déclarant mener des opérations militaires uniquement sur son territoire et n’a pas l’intention d’attaquer militairement l’Arménie
7 November 2020 Armenia/Azerbaijan clashes continue: 7 novembre 2020: Des troupes azerbaïdjanaises s’opposent aux soldats de la république sécessionniste du Nagorny Karabakh autour de Choucha, ville clé ouvrant la route à l’Arménie vers la capitale séparatiste Stepanakert
8 November 2020 Azerbaijan says it has taken Karabakh's Shusha: 8 November 2020: Azerbaijan says it has taken Karabakh's Shusha, the second-largest city in the Nagorno-Karabakh enclave, Armenia denies it, as Shusha 15km south of the enclave’s largest city Stepanakert is of cultural and strategic importance to both side, and as at least 1,000 people have died in nearly six weeks of fighting in and around Nagorno-Karabakh
10 November 2020 Armenia signs 'painful' deal with Azerbaijan: 10 November 2020: After a string of Azerbaijani victories in its fight to retake disputed Nagorno-Karabakh region Armenia signs ‘painful’ deal with Azerbaijan, sparking outrage in Armenia, with angry protesters storming the government headquarters in Yerevan where they ransacked offices and broke windows
12 December 2020 both sides blame each other over ceasefire violations: 12 December 2020: Armenian officials and Azerbaijan accused each other of breaching a peace deal that ended six weeks of fierce fighting over Nagorno-Karabakh, with Azerbaijan’s leader threatening to crush Armenian forces with an 'iron fist', as new clashes mark the first significant breach of the peace deal
15 December 2020 two elderly men beheaded by Azerbaijani forces: 15 December 2020: Two elderly men who were beheaded by Azerbaijani forces in videos widely shared on messaging apps have been identified, confirming two of the bloodiest atrocities of the recent war in Nagorno-Karabakh, as the ethnic Armenian men reportedly were non-combatants, and as both were beheaded by men in the uniforms of the Azerbaijani armed forces
13 September 2022 Armenia, Azerbaijan trade blame over deadly border clashes: 13 September 2022: Armenia, Azerbaijan trade blame over deadly border clashes, as simmering tensions between neighbours spill into fighting that leaves dozens dead and prompts fears of wider escalation - 13 September 2022: Armenia has said nearly 50 of its soldiers have been killed in clashes along the border with Azerbaijan, in the worst escalation of hostilities since a 2020 war
May 2023 new clashes have erupted between Azerbaijani and Armenian troops: 11 May 2023: Azerbaijani and Armenian forces exchanged artillery fire on 11 May along the border, near the town of Sotk in the Gegharkunik Province, leaving at least one soldier dead with several others wounded, as both sides traded blame
19 May 2023 Armenian PM Nikol Pashinian agrees to meet Azerbaijan leader in Moscow: 19 May 2023: Armenian PM Nikol Pashinian agrees to meet Azerbaijan leader in Moscow, 'euronews' reports
Since 20 September 2023 Nagorno-Karabakh clashes: Between 19 and 20 September 2023, Azerbaijan launched a large-scale military offensive against the self-declared breakaway state of Artsakh, seen as a violation of the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh ceasefire agreement. The offensive took place in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh, which is internationally recognized as a part of Azerbaijan, but populated by Armenians. The attacks occurred in the midst of an escalating crisis caused by Azerbaijan blockading the Republic of Artsakh, which has resulted in significant scarcities of essential supplies such as food, medicine, and other goods in the affected region, according to 'Wikipedia'.
20 September 2023 ceasefire agreed after dozens killed in new Azerbaijani military offensive: 20 September 2023: A ceasefire agreement has been reached a day after Azerbaijan launched a new military offensive against the local Armenian government in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh
23 September 2023 Nagorno-Karabakh separatists expected to lay down arms amid fears of refugee crisis: 23 September 2023: Nagorno-Karabakh separatists were expected to lay down their arms under an agreement reached with the Azerbaijan government following its lightning military offensive this week. The Putin regime confirmed that the rebels had surrendered the first weapons on Friday and that the process is expected to continue through the weekend, amid calls for the rights of the residents of the mountainous region to be guaranteed, as international concerns grew over the plight of civilians there
25 September 2023 Azerbaijan’s Nagorno-Karabakh victory highlights limits of Russia’s power: 25 September 2023: Azerbaijan’s military victory in the extended 35-year conflict over the disputed territory of Nagorno-Karabakh is a notable geopolitical setback for Russia, traditionally Armenia’s partner and ally, 'The Guardian' Dan Sabbagh defence and security editor explains
28 September 2023 USA and Europe must press Azerbaijan to respect the rights of those who remain in Nagorno-Karabakh, 'The Guardian' says: 28 September 2023: The self-declared republic of Nagorno-Karabakh will cease to exist on New Year’s Day 2024, its ethnic Armenian officials announced on Thursday. The former autonomous region broke away from Azerbaijan after the collapse of the Soviet Union, but was not recognised even by Armenia, which backed it. All its institutions will now be dissolved.
30 September 2023 Armenians fear Azerbaijan will seek to grab more territory in its military offensive: 30 September 2023: Armenians fear Azerbaijan will seek to grab more territory in its military offensive, the British Guardian's Moscow correspondent Andrew Roth reports
Azerbaijan/European Union relations: Azerbaijan/European Union relations
2011: 12 May 2011 European Parliament resolution on Azerbaijan - 28. Juni 2011: Rechtsausschuss des Europarates fordert die Freilassung von 50 inhaftierten politischen Oppositionellen
2015: 15 May 2015: Ahead of European Games, Azerbaijan extends journalist Khadija Ismayilova's detention, as rights groups say charges against her are politically motivated because of reports exposing state corruption
Azerbaijan/France relations: Azerbaijan/France relations
2018: 30 mars 2018: Le journaliste azerbaïdjanais Rahim Namazov, qui a été emprisonné, puis menacé de mort avant de fuir son pays et s'exiler en France en 2010, a été grièvement blessé par balle dans le dos, et sa femme, Aïda, tuée
Azerbaijan/Georgia relations: Azerbaijan/Georgia relations - Baku–Supsa Pipeline since 1999 operated by BP - Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline since 2006 operated by BP - South Caucasus natural gas pipeline since 2006 operated by BP, Statoil, shareholders SOCAR, Lukoil, Total etc.
Azerbaijan/Germany relations: Azerbaijan/Germany relations - Azerbaijan in World War II
Azerbaijan/Iran relations: Azerbaijan/Iran relations
Azerbaijan/Israel relations: Azerbaijan/Israel relations, as Azerbaijan and Israel have engaged in intense cooperation since 1992
History of the Jews in Azerbaijan: History of the Jews in Azerbaijan
Since early 1990s Israeli–Azerbaijani relations: Since early 1990s Israeli–Azerbaijani relations, as in January 2019, the State Border Service of Azerbaijan has purchased Sky Striker kamikaze from Israel and Azerbaijan became the first foreign buyer of Sky Striker
Since 1990s Israeli–Azerbaijani trade relations and cooperation against Iran: Since early 1990s Israeli–Azerbaijani trade relations and cooperation against Iran
Azerbaijan/Russia relations: Azerbaijan/Russia relations
Azerbaijan/Turkey relations: Azerbaijan/Turkey relations - Azerbaijanis in Turkey - Turks in Azerbaijan - 2010 Agreement on Strategic Partnership and Mutual Support between Azerbaijan and Turkey
Azerbaijan/Switzerland relations: Azerbaijan/Switzerland relations
14 June 2015: Swiss fly out opposition journalist Emin Huseynov hiding at its Azerbaijan embassy
Azerbaijan/United Kingdom relations: Azerbaijan/United Kingdom relations - Battle of Baku 1918 - Baku–Supsa Pipeline since 1999 operated by BP - Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline since 2006 operated by BP - South Caucasus natural gas pipeline since 2006 operated by BP, Statoil, shareholders SOCAR, Lukoil, Total etc.
Azerbaijan/USA relations: Azerbaijan/USA relations - 26 December 2014: USA-funded radio station in Azerbaijan raided following jailing of a reporter at the station pending trial on charges of driving a man to suicide
Environment of Azerbaijan: Environment of Azerbaijan - Natural history of Azerbaijan - Geology of Azerbaijan - Climate of Azerbaijan, as nine out of eleven existing climate zones are present in Azerbaijan
Landforms and ecoregions of Azerbaijan: Landforms of Azerbaijan - Ecoregions of Azerbaijan
Forests of Azerbaijan: Forests of - Azerbaijan
Bodies of water of Azerbaijan: Bodies of water of Azerbaijan
Environmental issues in Azerbaijan: Environmental issues in Azerbaijan, as the country experienced rapid economic development since 20th century which has led to an increasingly negative impact on the environment, including the inefficient usage of natural resources, as issues today include pollution linked with petroleum industry, pollution of water resources by way of introduction of contaminated water, including transnational pollution,,the supply of low-quality water to inhabited regions, the loss of fresh water prior to it delivery to the end consumers, insufficient development of sewer systems, air pollution from industrial plants and transport vehicles, degradation of soil (erosion, desertification, etc.), deforestation as the burning trees affect the climate cycle, improper regulation of industry and housing, as well as hazardous solid wastes, decline in biological diversity, decline in forest reserves and fauna, especially fish results
Natural disasters in Azerbaijan: Natural disasters in Azerbaijan
Earthquakes in Azerbaijan: Earthquakes in Azerbaijan - List of earthquakes in Azerbaijan
November 2000 Baku earthquake: 25 November 2000 Baku earthquake with an epicenter just offshore Baku, measuring 6.8 on the magnitude scale
June 2018 Zaqatala earthquake: 5 June 2018 5.3 magnitude earthquake in the northern Zaqatala District


Bangladesh - Geography of Bangladesh - Partition of India by the 'British Empire' 1947 - Partition of Bengal 1947 - History of East Pakistan 1947-1971 - Bangladesh Liberation War 1971 - Indo Pakistani War of 1971 - History of Bangladesh - Demographics of Bangladesh
Economy of Bangladesh: Economy of Bangladesh - main industries include textiles, pulp and paper, jute, leather, food processing, fertilizer, natural gas, renewable energy, construction materials, steel, shipbuilding, electronics, automotive parts, ceramics, pharmaceuticals - List of companies of Bangladesh
Energy in Bangladesh: Energy in Bangladesh - Fossil fuels in Bangladesh - Natural gas in Bangladesh - Oil and gas companies of Bangladesh - Nuclear energy in Bangladesh
Electricity sector in Bangladesh Electricity sector in Bangladesh - Power stations and proposed power stations in Bangladesh - Power companies of Bangladesh
Renewable energy in Bangladesh: Renewable energy in Bangladesh - Renewable energy policy of Bangladesh - Hydroelectric power stations in Bangladesh
Energy policy of Bangladesh: Energy policy of Bangladesh
2016: 7 April 2016: Bangladeshi 'S Alam Group' suspends work on a planned Chinese-backed coal-fired power plant after four demonstrators opposing its construction were killed earlier this week
Science and technology in Bangladesh: Science and technology in Bangladesh - Scientific organisations based in Bangladesh - Information technology in Bangladesh - List of IT Companies in Bangladesh
Since 1980 Space Research and Remote Sensing Organization: Since 1980 Space Research and Remote Sensing Organization - Space programme of Bangladesh
June/July 2017: June/July 2017 BRAC Onnesha, the first nanosatellite built in Bangladesh to be launched into space, designed and built in conjunction with Kyushu Institute of Technology's Birds-1 program, which has the goal of helping countries build their first satellite
May 2018: Bangabandhu-1, the first Bangladeshi geostationary communications satellite, launched on 11 May 2018, implemented by Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission BTRC - 13 May 2018: Bangladesh blasts off with their first ever satellite launch into space
Bangladesh textile industry, factory collapses, fires and man-made disasters: Bangladesh textile industry - Bangladesh textile industry - employment and labour
Man-made disasters in Bangladesh
Tazreen Fashion factory fire 2012: Dhaka fire in the Tazreen Fashion factory 24 November 2012 - 25 November: At least 100 workers killed by a fire in the multi-floor Tazreen Fashion factory in the Ashulia district on the outskirts of the capital Dhaka - 26 November: Another fire that broke out in a 12-storey building housing four different garment factories in Dhaka, has been almost brought under control, police say - 27 November: Bangladesh is observing a day of mourning for the more than 100 victims of a clothing factory fire on Saturday - 29 November: Three mid-level managers held for preventing workers from leaving factory premises after fire alarm went off - 7 December: Tazreen Fashion factory fire exposes safety gap in the supply chain - 17 December: The Tazreen Fashion factory fire killing 111 workers was caused by sabotage and managers at the plant prevented victims from escaping, the head of an official inquiry says
Smart Export Garments Ltd factory fire 2013: 27 January 2013: The unlicensed 'Smart Export Garments Ltd' factory in Dhaka where seven women workers died in a fire Saturday, was making clothing for Spanish giant Inditex and several French brands
Dhaka garments factory collapse April 2013: Four garment factories housing building collapse in Dhaka 24 April 2013 - 24 April 2013: At least 15 people were killed and many more feared dead when an eight-storey building housing a market and garment factory collapsed in the town of Savar outside Dhaka - 25 April: The death toll from the building collapse in Dhaka has risen to 160, with people trapped under the rubble of a complex that housed garment factories supplying retailers in Europe and North America - 27/28 April: Factory bosses were arrested, 72 hours after the deadly collapse of a building where low-cost garments were made for Western brands, as the death toll rose to 348 and angry workers protested on the streets of the capital - 29 avril: Un incendie a éclaté dans les décombres de l'immeuble de Dacca, mettant fin à tout espoir de retrouver de nouveaux survivants dans les ruines - 10 May: The death toll from the Dhaka garments factory collapse soared past 1,000 on Friday, while the list of the dead from the fire on 8 May 2013 at a sweater manufacturer showed the entanglement of the industry and top Bangladeshi officials - 10 May: Woman rescued in the rubble of the collapsed Rana Plaza building 17 days after collapse - 14 mai: Fin des recherches dans l'immeuble effondré où périrent plus de 1.100 ouvriers du textile, mais des dizaines de proches éplorés attendaient toujours des nouvelles de leurs disparus - 24 juin: Des centaines d'ouvriers du textile et des survivants de l'effondrement du Rana Plaza ont manifesté deux mois après l'accident, en réclamant des comptes au gouvernement sur les personnes toujours portées disparues et sur le volet financier - 25 July: The mayor of Savar arrested over Rana Plaza factory disaster in April
May 2013: 1 May 2013: Savar, a suburb of Dhaka, is a dusty, chaotic industrial center littered with factories that produce clothes for leading Western brands, whose building codes are often unenforced, regulatory oversight is flimsy, and whose men wielding power often travel with armed guards
Dhaka garment factory fire 8 May 2013: Dhaka garment factory fire 8 May 2013 - 9 May 2013: Eight people were killed when a fire broke out ih a clothing factory in the Mirpur industrial district of Dhaka, belonging to the Tung Hai Group, a large garment exporter whose retailers include Britain's Primark and Inditex Group of Spain
September 2013: 13 September: A two-day meeting of clothing retailers, with key names including Walmart, Benetton, Mango staying away, and pressure groups aimed at reaching a compensation deal for victims of two Bangladesh factory disasters ended in failure
October 2013 garment factory fire: 8 October: A fire at a garment factory outside Bangladesh's capital has killed at least 10 people on Tuesday
2014 job losses and strike: 10 March: Several thousand Bangladeshi garment workers have lost their jobs after their factory, where they stitched clothes for Western retailers, was discovered with serious safety problems and shut down - 11 August 2014: Garment workers in five Bangladeshi factories, that supplied clothes for Walmart and other western retailers finally received their wages on Sunday following an 11-day hunger strike, after police arrested union leaders and used batons and pepper spray on garment workers to break strike
2015 Mirpur plastics factory fire: 31 January 2015: Plastics factory fire in Mirpur kills at least 13 people
2015: 22 April 2015: Bangladesh garment workers making clothes for western firms suffer poor conditions two years after reform vows
2016 labor conditions: 31 May 2016: It’s been more than three years since 1,138 workers were killed when the Rana Plaza factory collapsed in Bangladesh, yet little progress has been made to improve labor conditions for garment workers, according to researchers and activists
September 2016 factory fire: 10 September 2016: A fire at a food and cigarette packaging factory outside Dhaka killed at least 23 people and injured dozens
November 2016: 21 November 2016: Alliance consortium, which includes Walmart, Gap and Target, has pushed back deadlines to implement fire exits, alarms and structural renovations more than three years after deadly Rana Plaza collapse, after Walmart declined to sign an accord and founded an alliance including Gap, Target, Hudson’s Bay Company, whose brands include Saks Fifth Avenue and Lord & Taylor, and VF Corporation, whose brands include North Face, Timberland, Vans and Wrangler, independent survey says
July 2017 garment factory's boiler explosion: 4 July 2017: At least eight people were killed and up to 50 injured after a boiler exploded at a garment factory in Gazipur on the outskirts of Dhaka
February 2019 Dhaka fire and explosion: 20 February 2019 Dhaka fire and explosion - 21 February 2019: At least 80 people have died after a massive fire engulfed apartment buildings that also housed chemical warehouses in Dhaka
March 2019 FR Tower Fire: 28 March 2019 FR Tower Fire that broke out on the eighth floor of the 22-storey building at the commercial Banani area of Dhaka - 28 March 2019: A huge fire has torn through an office block in Dhaka, killing at least five people, with many others feared trapped in the latest disaster to hit the Bangladeshi capital - 31 March 2019: Bangladesh police arrest building owners over fatal Dhaka blaze, killing 26 people and injuring about 70, as authorities say complex had no fire-protected staircases and top floors were illegally constructed
November 2019 gas pipeline explosion in Chittagong: 17 November 2019: At least seven people were killed and eight injured on Sunday after a gas pipeline exploded in the Bangladeshi port city of Chittagong
9 July 2021 Rupganj fire at factory near Dhaka killing at least 52 people: Rupganj fire at a factory for drink and food in Narayanganj, a city in Narayanganj District
10 July 2021 factory fire in Bangladesh killing at least 52 people: 10 July 2021: At least 52 people were killed and 20 injured after a massive fire raged through a juice-making factory in Bangladesh, the latest industrial accident in a country with a track record of poor working conditions
Agriculture in Bangladesh: Agriculture in Bangladesh, including rice and jute, wheat, maize and tea - most Bangladeshis (about 40% of the labor force) earn their living from agriculture
Forestry in Bangladesh: Forestry in Bangladesh
Fishing in Bangladesh: Fishing in Bangladesh
Water in Bangladesh, water supply and management: Water in Bangladesh - Bodies of water of Bangladesh - Rivers of Bangladesh - Water supply and sanitation in Bangladesh - Water management in Dhaka
Sharing the water of the Ganges
2013: 30 June 2013: About 450 employees fell ill after complaining of contaminated water at their workplace near the Bangladeshi capital, the second such incident to hit the same garment factory in recent days
2016: 6 April 2016: Nearly 20 million Bangladeshis are still drinking water poisoned with high levels of arsenic despite millions of wells being tested and hundreds of thousands of safe ones having been bored to avert a major health crisis, according to a new report
Wetlands of Bangladesh: Wetlands of Bangladesh
Environmental issues in Bangladesh: Environmental issues in Bangladesh - Floods in Bangladesh - Climate change in Bangladesh
Waste management in Bangladesh
Tourism in Bangladesh: Tourism in Bangladesh - Visitor attractions in Bangladesh - World Heritage Sites in Bangladesh
Transport in Bangladesh: Transport in Bangladesh - Transport infrastructure in Bangladesh - Bangladesh Railway
Road transport in Bangladesh: Road transport in Bangladesh - Roads in Bangladesh
25 June 2022 Bangladesh’s longest bridge over River Padma opened: 25 June 2022: Experts say the 6.15km Bangladesh’s longest bridge over River Padma - built at a cost of nearly $4bn - will connect the impoverished southwestern region to the capital after years of delay due to allegations of corruption that forced the World Bank to walk away from the nearly $4bn mega project
Water transport in Bangladesh: Water transport in Bangladesh
Maritime incidents in Bangladesh: Maritime incidents in Bangladesh - List of maritime disasters in Bangladesh since 1986, as country's ferry track record is one of disastrous incidents in human history. During the past 25 years (since 1994), 250 ferry incidents with over 2,000 deaths have been recorded till 2019. Ferry incidents 'occur frequently in Bangladesh' due to structural-defects, severe weather, overcrowding and noncompliance to safety standards
May 2014: Sinking of the MV Miraj-4: 15 May 2014: Sinking of the MV Miraj-4 - 18 May 2014: Anguished relatives protested a decision to stop searching for bodies of passengers they feared were trapped inside the sunken ferry MV Miraj-4 leaving at least 54 dead
April 2021 ferry accident: 5 avril 2021: Les recherches de survivants ont été interrompues lundi, au lendemain du naufrage d’un ferry au Bangladesh qui a fait 28 morts, selon un nouveau bilan
3 April 2021 boat accident as speedboat crashed into vessel in Padma River: 3 May 2021: At least 26 people were killed when a speedboat packed with passengers collided with a vessel transporting sand in the latest maritime disaster to hit Bangladesh
24 December 2021 fire swept through a crowded river ferry from Dhaka to Barguna in Bangladesh: 24 December 2021: A massive fire has swept through a crowded river ferry from Dhaka to Barguna, that caught fire in the Sugandha River in Jhalokati Sadar upazila in Bangladesh, leaving at least 39 people dead and 70 injured, officials have said, as many passengers leaped from the vessel into cold waters to escape the fire, and as it took 15 fire engines two hours to control the blaze and another eight to cool down the vessel
Foreign trade of Bangladesh: Foreign trade of Bangladesh - Special economic zones of Bangladesh - Chittagong Export Processing Zone, the first and one of the eight export processing zones in Bangladesh located at South Halishahar in Chittagong, established in 1983 - Bangladesh Export Processing Zone Authority - Bangladesh's government provides numerous incentives for investors for opening factories in EPZs, new factories enjoy tax holidays for 5 years, labour unions and other activities that are often viewed detrimental to productivity and are banned inside the EPZs
March 2020 Bangladesh garment makers say $3B in orders lost to Chinese virus: 30 March 2020: Bangladesh, which is the world's second largest exporter of clothing after China, garment manufacturers says fashion retailers have cancelled or put on hold more than $3 billion in orders due to the Chinese coronavirus outbreak, though a handful have agreed to pay anyway
2 April 2020 fashion brands' cancellations of £2.4bn orders 'catastrophic’ for Bangladesh: 2 April 2020: Fashion brands' cancellations of £2.4bn orders 'catastrophic’ for Bangladesh, as garment workers left 'abandoned’ by move to cut losses in wake of coronavirus crisis by retailers including Primark and Edinburgh Woollen Mill
Banking in Bangladesh: Banking in Bangladesh - List of banks in Bangladesh
Economic history of Bangladesh and business cycles: Economic history of Bangladesh
21st century industrial distasters in Bangladesh: 2005 Dhaka garment factory collapse, 2011 Bangladesh share market scam, 2013 Dhaka garment factory collapse and 2014 Sundarbans oil spill
Since February 2020 socio-economic impact of the 2019–20 Chinese coronavirus pandemic on South Asia: Since February 2020 socio-economic impact of the 2019–20 Chinese coronavirus pandemic on South Asia - Since March 2020 Chinese coronavirus pandemic in Bangladesh
2 April 2020 fashion brands' cancellations of orders 'catastrophic’ for Bangladesh: 2 April 2020: More than a million Bangaldeshi garment workers have been sent home without pay or have lost their jobs after western clothing brands cancelled or suspended £2.4bn of existing orders in the wake of the Covid-19 epidemic, according to data from the Bangladeshi and Garment Exporters Association
4 February 2021 Bangladeshis cut off from jobs abroad face rising poverty: 4 February 2021: Bangladeshis cut off from jobs abroad face rising poverty, as whole communities supported by overseas work are at risk of extreme poverty after the pandemic forced thousands home
2 August 2022 Bangladesh’s garment sector faces energy, demand crises: 2 August 2022: Bangladesh’s garment sector faces energy, demand crises, as the world’s second-largest garment exporter is experiencing a slowdown that will threaten the nation’s economic recovery
Labour in Bangladesh: Labour in Bangladesh - Women in Bangladesh's garment industry
Since March 2020 economic and social impact of covid-19 pandemic: Since March 2020 economic and social impact of covid-19 pandemic in Bangladesh
3 April 2020 one-quarter of garment workers lost jobs amid covid-19 pandemic: 3 April 2020: 1 million Bangladeshi workers, one-quarter of garment workers in Bangladesh,the world's second-largest clothing manufacturer after China, have been fired or furloughed because of declining global orders amid the coronavirus crisis
Child labour in Bangladesh: Child labour in Bangladesh
2009 ILO report on child labour in Bangladesh: 26 October 2009: ILO report on child labour in Bangladesh
2013 child labour and education: 15 May 2013: Combating child labour through education
2016 many of child labourers employed in hazardous industries: 25 July 2016: Police have arrested a textile mill worker in Rupganj town for allegedly torturing a nine-year-old boy in the spinning mill making clothes for western retailers, one of millions of child labourers in impoverished Bangladesh and many of them employed in hazardous industries, to death with an air compressor, the second such claim in less than a year, according to officers
December 2016 15% of 6-14-year-olds in poorest households work an average of 64 hours a week: 7 December 2016: Child labour 'rampant' in Bangladesh factories, as survey finds that 15% of six- to 14-year-olds living in poorest households work an average of 64 hours a week
Rural and urban poverty in Bangladesh: Poverty in Bangladesh - Rural and urban poverty in Bangladesh
Slums in Bangladesh: List of slums in Bangladesh
February 2013 hundreds of homes burned in a fire in shantytown in Dhaka: 3 February 2013: Hundreds of homes burned in a fire in shantytown in the capital Dhaka
July 2015 stampede during a charity handout in the northern city of Mymensingh: 10 July 2015: A stampede during a charity handout in the northern city of Mymensingh left at least 23 people dead on Friday as hundreds of desperately poor people tried to get their hands on free clothing, police says
13 December 2021 Bangladesh’s poor are paying the costs of climate damage: 13 December 2021: Bangladesh’s poor are paying the costs of climate damage, as - with limited formal climate finance available for adaptation efforts - country’s poor forced to make up for shortages from their pockets
Military in Bangladesh: Military in Bangladesh and Bangladesh Armed Forces - Military history of Bangladesh
Military coups in Bangladesh: Military coups in Bangladesh - 1982 Bangladesh coup d'état and Ershad's regime 1983-1990
Taxation and budget in Bangladesh: Taxation in Bangladesh - National Board of Revenue publications
2015/2016: 20 July 2015: Bangladesh enacts 2015-2016 budget proposals
2017/2018: 27 February 2018: Bangladeshi government will request a record 4.20 trillion taka or around $51 billion national budget for the next 2017-2018 fiscal year beginning in July


Politics of Bangladesh: Politics of Bangladesh - Constitution of Bangladesh since 1972 - Amendments to the Constitution of Bangladesh - 2006-2008 Bangladeshi political crisis - Government of Grand Alliance 2009-present
Political parties in Bangladesh: Political parties in Bangladesh - List of political parties in Bangladesh
Trade unions in Bangladesh: Trade unions in Bangladesh - Bangladesh Export Processing Zone Authority - Bangladesh's government provides numerous incentives for investors for opening factories in EPZs, new factories enjoy tax holidays for 5 years, labour unions and other activities that are often viewed detrimental to productivity and are banned inside the EPZs
28 June 2023 Bangladeshi labour leader beaten to death while trying to resolve dispute: 28 June 2023: Police in Bangladesh are investigating the murder of prominent trade union leader Shahidul Islam, who was fatally beaten while trying to settle a dispute between a garment factory owner and workers over unpaid wages. The labour organiser for the Bangladesh Garment and Industrial Workers Federation BGIWF was attacked on Sunday evening in Gazipur, a major garment industry hub on the outskirts of Dhaka, after intervening on behalf of workers who had gathered to demand back pay.
Elections and politics in Bangladesh: Elections in Bangladesh - 10 April 2013: Bangladesh's election commission has declared April 29 as the date to hold presidential election in the country - 22 April 2013: Abdul Hamid won presidential elections following the death of Zillur Rahman on 20 March 2013 - 1 August 2013: Bangladesh court cancels registration of right-wing party Jamaat-e-Islami - 2 December: Bangladesh's 18-party opposition coalition confirms poll boycott on deadline day
Bangladeshi general election January 2014: Bangladeshi general election 5 January 2014 - 2 January: One person was killed on the first day of BNP's countrywide nonstop blockade to foil the January 5 general election - 4 January: Dozens of voting booths were attacked on the eve of elections and an activist was killed in clashes with Awami League supporters in Patgram - 5 janvier: Nombreux lieux de vote attaqués dans le cadre des législatives au Bangladesh - 5 January: The violence against Bangladesh's general election continues - 6 January: Low turnout mars Bangladesh polls - 6 January: Ruling Awami League wins the violence-plagued election whose outcome was never in doubt after the boycott - 7 January: Pressure mounts on Bangladesh PM after walkover re-election, as the USA demands a swift re-run that would include all the major parties
2015: 5 January 2015: Deadly clashes erupt on the streets of Bangladesh on the first anniversary of elections as police besiege the main opposition leader in her office
December 2018: 25 décembre 2018: La police du Bangladesh a arrêté plus de 10'500 militants de l'opposition au cours des dernières semaines, qui ont dénoncé une opération d'intimidation avant les élections législatives
December 2018 Bangladeshi general election: 30 December 2018 Bangladeshi general election - 30 December 2018: Four deaths, one at the hands of police who claimed to be stopping an attack on a polling station, are the latest in a campaign marred by violence, the mass arrest of opposition leaders and activists, and Hasina's statement that human rights are a peripheral concern to most Bangladeshis - 31 December 2018: Bangladesh’s opposition has rejected the 'farcical' results of national elections, after at least 17 people were killed and with claims ruling Awami League rigged country’s first contested election in a decade
January 2019: 2 January 2019: Bangladeshi journalist Hedayet Hossain Mollah, who works for the Dhaka Tribune newspaper, was arrested and another was on the run after being accused of publishing 'false information' about voting irregularities in an election, allegedly won by PM Sheikh Hasina
September 2020 climate crisis and covid-19 crying out for international cooperation and solidarity: 22 September 2020: The climate crisis and covid-19 are crying out for international cooperation, writes the prime minister of Bangladesh
17 April 2021 5 people killed as police fire at protesting workers at a Chinese-backed power plant: 17 April 2021: At least five people were killed and dozens injured in Bangladesh after police opened fire on a crowd of workers protesting to demand unpaid wages and a pay rise at a Chinese-backed coal-fired power plant in the south-eastern city of Chittagong, officials and police said
29 June 2021 Bangladesh troops to enforce lockdown as covid-19 death toll hits record high: 29 June 2021: Bangladesh troops to enforce lockdown as covid-19 death toll hits record high, as most people will be confined to homes and public transport closed, leaving thousands of migrant workers stranded
9/10 July 2021 following Rupganj factory fire police arrest factory owner: <10 July 2021: Bangladesh police arrest factory owner after dozens die in fire, as police chief says entrance was padlocked, as separate inquiry looks into use of child labour at food plant, and as police said owner's sons were among eight people detained over the fire that broke out on Thursday and raged for more than a day, despite coordinated efforts of public and aid services to rescue the trapped hard working people - 9 July 2021 Rupganj factory fire
9 December 2022 two Bangladeshi opposition leaders arrested in government crackdown: 9 December 2022: Two top leaders of Bangladesh’s main opposition party have been arrested amid a violent crackdown on government opponents during which at least seven people have been shot dead and thousands arrested, as over recent weeks, Sheikh Hasina’s government has launched a repressive campaign against the opposition Bangladesh Nationalist party BNP, which has been holding rallies calling for her resignation. The BNP has accused Hasina’s ruling Awami League of corruption, human rights abuses and the imposition of crippling fuel price rises, and organised an anti-government protest rally in the capital, Dhaka, which is expected to be attended by hundreds of thousands of supporters.
11 November 2023 Anjuara Khatun killed after police open fire on protesting garment workers: 11 November 2023: Anjuara Khatun was shot dead on Wednesday after police in Dhaka opened fire during a protest held by garment workers demanding a wage increase. 26-year-old machine operator Anjuara Khatun at Islam Garments in Gazipur was on her way home after the factory closed suddenly as a large group of protesters gathered nearby Pakistan.
7 January 2024 Bangladeshi general election: 7 January 2024 Bangladeshi general election
5 August 2024 Bangladesh PM has resigned and left country, army chief confirms: 5 August 2024: Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina has resigned and left the country, the head of the army has confirmed, amid some of the worst violence since the birth of the south Asian country more than 50 years ago. In a briefing to reporters, Army Chief Gen Waker-Uz-Zaman announced he was assuming control at “a critical time for our country” and would establish an interim government, 'The Guardian' reports.


Social movements and protests: Protests in Bangladesh
1969 Mass uprising in 'East Pakistan': 1969 Mass uprising in 'East Pakistan'
Since 1972 movement demanding trial of war criminals: Since 1972 movement demanding trial of war criminals in Bangladesh and timeline until 2013
1990 Mass Uprising in Bangladesh against military rule: 1990 Mass Uprising in Bangladesh against military rule
2012 anti-government protest: 12. März 2012: Tausende fordern Rücktritt der Regierung in Bangladesh - größte Demonstration seit der Wahl von 2008 - 24 April 2012: Bangladeshis strike over missing politician
2012 Tazreen Fashion factory fire protests: Tazreen Fashion factory fire 24 November 2012 - 26 November 2012: Garment workers staged mass protests to demand the end to 'deathtrap' labour conditions after Bangladesh's worst-ever textile factory fire in Tazreen Fashion factory, as a new blaze in Dhaka sparked fresh panic and terror - 27 November: Protesters and factories workers across the country took to the streets for a second day to express their anger over the Tazreen Fashion factory fire
9 December 2012: Opposition parties have called a general strike after at least two people were killed in clashes during nationwide road blockades demanding a caretaker government to ensure elections due in 2014 are fair
2013: 7 January 2013: Police clash with anti-government protesters trying to enforce a general strike called to denounce a fuel price hike
2013 Shahbag protests - 4 March 2013: Bangladesh remains tense on day two of nationwide bandh, after 24 people have died overnight in clashes across the country related to a death sentence given to a top Islamist opposition leader for his role in atrocities
April 2013: 27 April: Police fired tear-gas and rubber bullets at hundreds of thousands of workers protesting the death of more than 300 colleagues in the collapsed building in Dhaka
May 2013: 1 mai: Des dizaines de milliers de manifestants au Bangladesh défilaient mercredi pour réclamer la pendaison des propriétaires d'ateliers de confection - 20 May: Bangladeshi police fired rubber bullets and tear gas at thousands of garment workers Monday as they demanded a wage hike at a protest in a manufacturing hub outside the capital Dhaka
September 2013: 23 septembre: Jusqu'à 200.000 ouvriers ont manifesté lundi pour le troisième jour consécutif et des dizaines de milliers d'ouvriers du textile ont bloqué des rues, exigeant un salaire mensuel minimum équivalent à 100 dollars - 25 September: Police have used batons, rubber bullets and tear gas to stop protests by garment workers in Bangladesh who want higher wages
November 2013: 12 November: Thousands of garment workers demanding higher pay clashed with police for a second day, leaving dozens of people injured and at least 200 factories closed
April 2014 protests to help victims of garment factory fire: 25 April: Western fashion brands faced pressure to increase help for victims of garment factory accident, as mass protests marked the one-year anniversary of the disaster that cost 1,138 lives
August 2014 garment workers' hunger strike: 11 August 2014: Garment workers in five Bangladeshi factories, that supplied clothes for Walmart and other western retailers finally received their wages on Sunday following an 11-day hunger strike, after police arrested union leaders and used batons and pepper spray on garment workers to break strike
February 2015 protests against attacks on civilians: 8 February 2015: Thousands of Bangladeshis form a human chain to protest against an increasing number of deadly attacks on civilians using petrol bombs - 27 February 2015: Protests in Dhaka after USA citizen Avijit Roy, whose blog championed liberal secular writing in Bangladesh, hacked to death by Islamists
April 2015 rallies supporting victims of 2013 Rana Plaza factory disaster: 18 April 2015: Rallies in Bangladesh as victims of Rana Plaza factory disaster in 2013 await compensation
September 2015 student protests: August/September 2015 Bangladesh student protests demanding the VAT imposed on higher education in private universities be eliminated, following strong opposition, the VAT was reduced to 7.5% and the imposed VAT was withdrawn by the finance division after a cabinet meeting on 14 September 2015
November 2015 protest against Islamists' hacking attacks: 2 November 2015: Hundreds of people, including writers, publishers and bookshop owners, took to the streets of Dhaka to protest against government inaction over a string of murder attacks by suspected Islamists, including the hacking to death on Saturday of a publisher of secular books, as rallies were also held in other cities and towns to demand more protection
2016: 7 April 2016: Students protested Thursday in Dhaka after Nazimuddin Samad, a law student and secular activist, was hacked and shot to death in the Bangladeshi capital the day before
December 2016: 27 December 2016: At least 1,500 workers sacked from Bangladesh garment factories after tens of thousands of workers walked out of factories in Ashulia, which make clothes for top western brands such as USA's Gap, Spain's Zara and Sweden's H&M, in protests sparked by the sacking of 121 workers, but soon evolved into a demand for the trebling of workers’ pay from the current monthly minimum of 5,300 taka or £54, and escalated after police fired rubber bullets injuring demonstrators, branded the protests illegal and arrested workers including union leaders and a television reporter by using a controversial wartime-era law intended to deal with threats to state security
April-July 2018 Bangladesh quota reform protests: Since 8 April 2018 Bangladesh quota reform protests, demanding reforms in policies regarding recruitment in the Bangladesh government services, initially began in Shahbag and Dhaka University campus and eventually spread to other parts of Bangladesh within days
Since 29 July 2018 Bangladesh road safety protests: Since 29 July 2018 Bangladesh road safety protests - 3 August 2018: Tens of thousands of students, many of them teenagers, have brought areas of Bangladesh to a near-standstill during five days of protests following the deaths of two teenagers killed by a speeding bus, as Bangladesh’s transport sector is widely seen as corrupt, unregulated and dangerous - 5 août 2018: Bangladesh fait face à un mouvement de protestation sans précédent depuis 8 jours, les services Internet 3G et 4G sont coupés depuis samedi et une centaine de manifestants avaient été blessés lors de heurts avec la police qui a tiré des balles en caoutchouc en direction de manifestants - 5 August 2018: At least five photojournalists were injured as activists of Bangladesh Chhatra League, student front of ruling Awami League, equipped with iron roads and sticks, chased nearly 50 journalists and allegedly swooped on them at Science Lab intersection in Dhaka - 6 August 2018: Police in Bangladesh have arrested prize-winning photographer Shahidul Alam for comments made in an interview about protests
January 2019 textile workers strike and protests: 13 janvier 2019: Des milliers d'ouvriers du textile au Bangladesh qui confectionnent des vêtements pour les grandes chaînes d'habillement mondiales comme H&M ou Primark ont débrayé dimanche et manifesté pour demander de meilleurs salaires, dans le cadre d'un mouvement entamé il y a une semaine - 14 January 2019: Thousands of garment workers in Bangladesh who make clothes for top global brands have clashed with police as strike action over low wages entered a second week
26 April 2020 textile workers protest in Dhaka demanding wages: 26 April 2020: Textile workers in Dhaka took to the streets on Sunday demanding wages, flouting social distancing norms amid a nationwide lockdown to control covid-19 pandemic, as the second-largest apparel producer after China, Bangladesh is set to lose export revenue of about $6 billion this fiscal year as the sector has been hit by cancellations from some of the world's largest brands and retailers
17 April 2021 5 people killed as police fire at protesting workers at a Chinese-backed power plant: 17 April 2021: At least five people were killed and dozens injured in Bangladesh after police opened fire on a crowd of workers protesting to demand unpaid wages and a pay rise at a Chinese-backed coal-fired power plant in the south-eastern city of Chittagong, officials and police said
19 July 2023 casualties as Bangladesh opposition rallies to demand PM’s removal: 19 July 2023: At least one opposition activist has died and hundreds of others were injured in clashes across Bangladesh in Dhaka and other cities as tens of thousands demanded PM Sheikh Hasina’s removal ahead of elections expected in January
29 July 2023 Bangladesh opposition protest in Dhaka, demand PM’s resignation: 29 July 2023: Bangladesh opposition protest in Dhaka, demand PM’s resignation, as the BNP has honed in on the cost of living crisis to galvanise supporters, drawing thousands of people to its rallies in the past few months in addition to BNP activists with many regular people joining the opposition
Since 5 June 2024 Bangladesh Quota Reform Movement, an ongoing anti-government protest in Bangladesh: Since 5 June 2024 Bangladesh Quota Reform Movement, an ongoing anti-government protest in Bangladesh, spearheaded by the students of public and private universities. Initially focused on restructuring the traditional quota-based system for government job recruitment, the movement expanded after the government killed hundreds of protestors and civilians.
Since 5 June 2024 timeline of the Bangladesh Quota Reform Movement protests: Timeline of the 2024 Bangladesh Quota Reform Movement protests
26 July 2024 Bangladesh student protests turn into ‘mass movement against a dictator’: 26 July 2024: Bangladesh student protests turn into ‘mass movement against a dictator’, but strength of PM’s crackdown shows her nervousness and that climate of fear is breaking down, say critics
1 August 2024 Bangladesh arrests more than 10,000 in crackdown on protests: 1 August 2024: Bangladesh has arrested more than 10,000 people and banned a major opposition party as part of a crackdown on dissent after weeks of protests. The country has been in turmoil since a mass student movement began against quotas for government jobs. It escalated into deadly clashes when protesters were attacked by pro-government groups and hit by police with teargas, rubber bullets and pellets. According to human rights groups, at least 266 people were killed in the violence and more than 7,000 injured, 'The Guardian' reports.
5 August 2024 Bangladesh PM has resigned and left country, army chief confirms: 5 August 2024: Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina has resigned and left the country, the head of the army has confirmed, amid some of the worst violence since the birth of the south Asian country more than 50 years ago. In a briefing to reporters, Army Chief Gen Waker-Uz-Zaman announced he was assuming control at “a critical time for our country” and would establish an interim government, 'The Guardian' reports.


Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Bangladesh: Bangladeshi society
Divisions, districts and upazilas of Bangladesh: 8 Divisions (or major regions) of Bangladesh - 64 Districts of Bangladesh - 492 Upazilas of Bangladesh - 4,554 Union councils of Bangladesh - Villages of Bangladesh - Rural and urban poverty in Bangladesh
List of regions of Bangladesh by Human Development Index: List of regions of Bangladesh by Human Development Index, updated 2018
Cities and towns in Bangladesh: List of cities and towns in Bangladesh
List of slums in Bangladesh: List of slums in Bangladesh
Villages of Bangladesh and rural development: Villages of Bangladesh - Alphabetical list of villages in Bangladesh - Rural development in Bangladesh
December 2020 frequency of natural disasters making life in rural areas increasingly difficult: 16 December 2020: The frequency of natural disasters is making life in rural areas increasingly difficult, pushing inhabitants into city slums, as extreme weather is emptying Bangladesh's villages
Sylhet Division: Sylhet Division, the northeastern division of Bangladesh. It is bordered by the Indian states of Meghalaya, Assam and Tripura to the north, east and south respectively, and by the Bangladeshi divisions of Chittagong to the southwest and Dhaka and Mymensingh to the west
Economy of Sylhet division, Bangladesh's third largest, tea plantations: Economy of Sylhet division, the 5th largest in the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh. It has a gross state product of $16 billion in nominal terms, and $40 billion in terms of purchasing power parity, making it the third largest behind Dhaka, Chittagong, Khulna and Rajshahi, often termed as the agricultural capital of Bangladesh. Due to vast natural resources and emerging metropolitan, Sylhet is a major economic hub of the country alongside Dhaka and Chittagong. In recent years, Sylhet is experiencing major infrastructural developments, and projected to be the forefront of Bangladesh's economic growth. Sylhet is known for its tea plantations.
August 2022 Bangladesh tea workers' strike for nearly two weeks to demand raise in daily wages: 21 August 2022: Bangladesh tea workers have been holding a strike for nearly two weeks to demand raise in daily wages amid rising inflation, saying the current daily wage – 120 taka or $1.25 – was barely enough to buy food, let alone other necessities such as health and education, as workers’ union is demanding a 150% - 300 taka or $3.15 a day - rise in their daily wages. Strikes by the tea workers have become a rallying point for many in the nation of 160 million people, as rising inflation and high food prices add to the wider frustration about low wages.
Sylhet city: Sylhet city in northeastern Bangladesh, the administrative seat of Sylhet Division and located on the right bank of the Surma River in northeastern Bengal
Educational in Sylhet: List of educational institutions in Sylhet - Education in Sylhet District
Since 1986 Shahjalal University of Science and Technology: Since 1986 Shahjalal University of Science and Technology
Since 1995 Sylhet Agricultural University: Since 1995 Sylhet Agricultural University, a government-financed public university in Sylhet
Economy of Sylhet city: Economy of Sylhet city, one of Bangladesh's main business centers
Sunamganj district: Sunamganj district located in north-eastern Bangladesh within the Sylhet Division
Sunamganj comprises 12 sub-districts: District and subdistricts as Sunamganj comprises 12 sub-districts or upazilas, including Bishwamvarpur, Chhatak, Shantiganj, Derai, Dharamapasha, Dowarabazar, Jagannathpur, Jamalganj, Sullah, Sunamganj, Sadar, Tahirpur and Moddonagar
Since May 2022 ongoing Sylhet floods: Since May 2022 ongoing Sylhet floods due to heavy rainfall in the Indian states of Assam and Arunachal Pradesh. Waters of Surma, Kushiyara and other rivers overflowed, causing severe flooding in Greater Sylhet, according to 'Wikipedia'.
May 2022 flash flood crisis in north-eastern Bangladesh Sunamganj and Sylhet District: 24 May 2022 flash flood in north-eastern Bangladesh Sunamganj and Sylhet District, after heavy rainfall over the past week in the Northeastern Indian states led to increase of water level in the Northeastern part of Bangladesh which led a serious flood. About 2 million people have been stranded by flood so far in the two most affected districts, according to Al-Jazeera. There are about 4 people dead and houses and roads severely damaged, schools and important infrastructures have been submerged into water, hampering education of school-going children, communication and transportation have been heavily disrupted due to inundation of major roads, more than 873 educational institutions, mostly government primary schools, have been closed due to severe flooding in the two districts, causing loss of learning to the students, as Agricultural Extension’s district office confirmed that the flood had already destroyed Aus seedbed in 1,421 hectares, Boro in 1,704 hectares and summer vegetables in 13,340 hectares, as health/medical support, shelter, food, drinking water, saline, water purifying tablet and cash support is observed as immediate needs of the affected people, according to 'reliefweb'
25 May 2022 worst floods in Bangladesh’s northeast in nearly two decades: 25 May 2022: The worst floods in Bangladesh’s northeast in nearly two decades submerged 70 percent of Sylhet and 60 percent of the neighbouring Sunamganj districts, leaving at least 10 people dead and more than two million stranded, officials said, accrding to 'Al Jazeera'
Dhaka city: Dhaka city, the capital, largest city of Bangladesh and one of the world's largest cities, with a population of 18.89 million people in the Greater Dhaka Area - History of Dhaka - Dhaka Metro Rail - Culture of Dhaka
Education in Dhaka: Education in Dhaka - Schools in Dhaka - Universities and colleges in Dhaka
Since 1912 Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology: Since 1912 Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, a public university in Bangladesh which focuses on the study of engineering and architecture
Since 1921 University of Dhaka: Since 1921 University of Dhaka, the oldest university in Bangladesh, ranking number one on the Bangladesh University Ranking 2017
Since 1992 National University of Bangladesh: Since 1992 National University of Bangladesh, a parent university of Bangladesh with affiliated colleges and professional institutions throughout the country, the 3rd largest university in the world and headquartered in Gazipur on the outskirts of Dhaka
Since 1993 Central Women's University: Since 1993 Central Women's University, one of the first private universities in Bangladesh
Since 1993 Independent University of Bangladesh: Since 1993 Independent University of Bangladesh, one of the oldest private universities in Bangladesh located in Dhaka
Since 1996 East West University: Since 1996 East West University, a private university and a non-profit organization, located in Dhaka
Since 2001 BRAC University in Dhaka: Since 2001 BRAC University in Dhaka, a private University in Bangladesh, founded as a branch of the BRAC organization
Economy of Dhaka: Economy of Dhaka, the financial and commercial capital of Bangladesh, accounting up to 35% of Bangladesh's economy, deriving significant revenue from international trade, textile, pharmachemical, other industries and financial institutions - Transport in Dhaka
Timeline of Dhaka: Timeline of Dhaka since 8th century CE
June 1757 Battle of Plassey: June 1757 Battle of Plassey, a decisive victory of the British East India Company over the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies, consolidating the Company's presence in Bengal, which later expanded to cover much of India over the next hundred years
1857 Indian Rebellion: 1857 Indian Rebellion, a major but ultimately unsuccessful uprising in India in 1857–58 against the rule of the British East India Company, which functioned as a sovereign power on behalf of the British
Since 1921 University of Dhaka: Since 1921 University of Dhaka, the oldest university in Bangladesh, ranking number one on the Bangladesh University Ranking 2017
1947 Dhaka city becomes capital of East Bengal: 1947 Dhaka city becomes capital of East Bengal, a province of newly independent Pakistan
1971 Dhaka University massacre: 1971 Dhaka University massacre
1971 People's Republic of Bangladesh: 1971 People's Republic of Bangladesh
Since 1985 South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation: Since 1985 South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SAARC, including Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka, founded in Dhaka on 8 December 1985, as its secretariat is based in Kathmandu in Nepal
June 2010 Dhaka fire in the Nimtali area: June 2010 Dhaka fire in the Nimtali area of Old Dhaka, killing at least 124 people
November 2012 Dhaka garment factory fire: November 2012 Dhaka garment factory fire
April 2013 Dhaka garment factory collapse: April 2013 Dhaka garment factory collapse, killing 1,134 people and injuring approximately 2,500 others rescued from the building alive
February 2019 Dhaka fire: February 2019 Dhaka fire, following a road accident and explosion, spreading to a group of buildings storing chemicals, and expanding to the historic district of Chowk Bazaar, killng at least 80 people and injuring 50 others
March 2019 FR Tower Fire: March 2019 FR Tower Fire at the commercial Banani area of Dhaka, causing 25 deaths and injuring more than 70 others - 29 March 2019: Questions mount about building safety in Bangladesh capital after inferno kills at least 25 people
August 2019 Mirpur neighbourhood fire: 18 August 2019: A fire in the crowded slum of Dhaka's Mirpur neighbourhood has destroyed thousands of homes and left thousands of people homeless, as many residents – largely low-income garment factory workers – were not in the slum as they had left their homes to celebrate the Muslim Eid al-Adha holiday with their families
September 2020 deadly gas pipeline blast kills 16 at mosque: 5 septembre 2020: Au moins 16 personnes ont été tuées et des dizaines d’autres ont subi des brûlures graves dans une explosion, probablement due à une fuite du gaz, dans une mosquée près de la capitale du Bangladesh
27 June 2021 tens of thousands of migrant workers fled Dhaka on the eve of a tightened lockdown: 27 June 2021: Tens of thousands of migrant workers fled Bangladesh’s capital Dhaka on the eve of a tightened lockdown that will curtail most economic activity and confine people to their homes as coronavirus infections soar
9 July 2021 Rupganj fire at factory near Dhaka killing at least 52 people: 9 July 2021: Bangladesh factory fire kills at least 52 people, as officials say many victims were trapped inside the food factory near Dhaka by an illegally locked door
13 August 2021 worsening effects of climate crisis in capital Dhaka: < href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/8/13/bangladesh-migrant-workers-climate-change-factory-fires">13 August 2021: Bangladesh migrants flee rising seas only to die in factory fires, as thousands being driven out of rural homes by worsening effects of climate crisis to search for work in capital Dhaka
28 December 2022 Bangladesh opens first metro line to ease Dhaka’s traffic: < href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/12/28/bangladesh-opens-first-metro-line-to-ease-dhakas-traffic">28 December 2022: Bangladesh has begun running the first metro rail service in its sprawling capital as authorities work to ease congestion that has throttled growth and inflamed tempers in the gridlocked metropolis, as Dhaka is one of the world’s most densely populated cities, and daily commutes along its car-clogged roads are a source of constant frustration for its 22 million people
4 April 2023 massive fire guts popular clothing market in Bangladesh capital: 4 April 2023: Massive fire guts popular Bangabazar clothing market in Bangladesh capital, as thousands of garment shops burn down in the fire, dealing a significant blow to businesses weeks before the Eid festival, 'Al Jazeera' reports - 4 April 2023: Firefighters and army personnel have extinguished massive fire in Bangladesh market, burning down some 5,000 stores
Barisal city: Barisal city, a major city that lies on the bank of Kirtankhola river in south-central Bangladesh, the largest city and the administrative headquarter of both Barisal district and Barisal Division
Economy of Barisal: Economy of Barisal, as exports include agricultural products, Hilsha fish, medicine, empty gelatine capsules, anchor cement
Chittagong district: Chittagong district located in the south-eastern region of Bangladesh. It is a part of the Chittagong Division. The port city of Chittagong, second largest city in Bangladesh, is located in this district. - Sitakunda upazila, or administrative unit, in the Chittagong District of Bangladesh. It includes one urban settlement, the Sitakunda Town, and 10 unions, the lowest of administrative units in Bangladesh. It is one of the 15 upazilas, the second tier of administrative units, of the Chittagong District, which also includes 33 thanas, the urban equivalent of upazilas. The district is part of the Chittagong Division, the highest order of administrative units in Bangladesh. Sitakunda is the home of the country's first eco-park, as well as alternative energy projects, specifically wind energy and geothermal power. Though Sitakunda is predominantly an agricultural area, it also has the largest ship breaking industry in the world. The industry has been accused of neglecting workers' rights, especially concerning work safety practices and child labor. It has also been accused of harming the environment, particularly by causing soil contamination.
Chittagong city: Chittagong city, a major coastal city and financial centre in southeastern Bangladesh with a population of more than 2.5 million inhabitants (metropolitan 4,009,423 inhabitants in 2011) making it the second largest city in the country
Economy and port of Chittagong: Economy of Chittagong, one of the largest and most rapidly growing economies, as Chittagong is home of some of Bangladesh's top corporations, the second largest and the port-city of Bangladesh, serving as export hub of Bangladesh accounting for 45% of Bangladesh's national export - Port of Chittagong, the busiest seaport on the coastline of the Bay of Bengal, the second busiest in the overall region of countries dependent on the Bay of Bengal, ranking as the 71st busiest port in the world in 2017
Timeline of Chittagong: History and timeline of Chittagong since ancient times
Timeline of Chittagong since WWII: History and timeline of Chittagong since WWII, post-war expansion, East Pakistan following the Partition of British India in 1947 making Chittagong its chief port, and independent Bangladesh since the 1970s, that has become the pivot of Bangladesh's emerging economy in recent years, with the country's rising GDP growth rate.
4/5 June 2022 fire and subsequent explosions at a container storage facility in Sitakunda Upazila: 4/5 June 2022 fire and subsequent explosions at a container storage facility in Sitakunda Upazila in Chittagong District killed at least 49 people and injured more than 450 others. The incident occurred at BM Container Depot in the Kadamrasul area of Sitakunda Upazila. After a fire started in the loading area, a massive explosion occurred around 23:45 BST triggering multiple explosions that spread across the depot due to chemicals stored in the containers. The force of the explosions affected buildings kilometres away, and one witness stated that the explosions caused a rain of fireballs. The head of Bangladesh's fire service stated that hydrogen peroxide was present in the depot, and prevented the fire from being controlled. As of Sunday afternoon, the fire was still burning, and the Bangladesh Army had joined the efforts to fight the fire - 5 June 2022: At least 49 people died and hundreds have been injured after a fire tore through a shipping container depot in Bangladesh, sparking a huge chemical explosion that engulfed many of those who had rushed to the scene to help. The death toll is expected to rise, as more than 300 people were injured in the incident, many of whom sustained life-threatening burns, and many bodies remain unrecovered as the fire continued to blaze for a second night in Sitakunda, near the busy southern port of Chittagong
5 June 2022 firefighters try to extinguish Sitakunda Upazila fire: 5 June 2022: Firefighters try to extinguish a fire that broke out at a container storage facility in Sitakunda, about 40km from the key port of Chittagong, 'Al Jazeera' reports
Cox's Bazar city: Cox's Bazar city, a major coastal city, fishing port, tourism centre, and district headquarters in Southeastern Bangladesh. The modern Cox's Bazar derives its name from British East India Company's Hiram Cox. To commemorate his role in refugee rehabilitation work, a market was established and named after him. It is one of Bangladesh's main tourist spots. The city has the longest uninterrupted natural beach in the world. Every year more than a million visitors visit the city from around the world. In 2023 Bangladesh evacuated over 50,000 people to safe shelters as cyclone Mocha approached.
21st century history of Cox's Bazar: 21st century history of Cox's Bazar, as in September 2012 the municipality was the site of the Cox's Bazar and Ramu riots, where local Muslims attacked the Buddhist community over an alleged Quran desecration posted to Facebook. In 2017, hundreds of thousands of Rohingya refugees from Myanmar arrived in Cox's Bazar District, amounting to 725,000 in October 2018. The resulting Kutupalong refugee camp became the largest refugee camp in the world. On 14 May 2020, the first confirmed case of covid-19 was detected among the 860,000 refugees who lived in Cox's Bazar district. In March 2021, a fire at the refugee camp left 15 dead and some 400 missing and displaced more than 45,000 mostly Rohingya refugees.
Since 1991 Kutupalong and Nayapara refugee camps: Since 1991 Kutupalong refugee camp, the world's largest refugee camp. It is in Ukhia in Cox's Bazar and inhabited mostly by Rohingya refugees that fled from ethnic and religious persecution in neighboring Myanmar. It is one of two government-run refugee camps in Cox's Bazar, the other being the Nayapara refugee camp. The UNHCR Camp office at Kutupalong is supported by seven international entities. - Since early 1990s Nayapara refugee camp in Teknaf in Cox's Bazar, located next to the village of Dhumdumia and inhabited mostly by Rohingya people that have fled from religious persecution in the neighboring country Myanmar. It is one of two government-run refugee camps in Cox's Bazar, the other being the larger Kutupalong refugee camp.
Comilla city: Comilla city in the Chittagong Division of Bangladesh with a population of 296,010 citizens in 2011, located along the Dhaka-Chittagong Highway. It is the administrative centre of the Comilla District, part of the Chittagong Division
Timeline and history of Comilla city: Timeline and history of Comilla city
16 October 2021 deadly communal violence has broken out in Bangladesh: 16 October 2021: Deadly communal violence has broken out in Bangladesh after allegations of the desecration of an Islamic holy book led to dozens of Hindu temples being attacked and police opening fire on a crowd, leaving at least six people dead, as the government deployed paramilitary troops to 22 districts after religious tensions and violence broke out in the city of Cumilla, resulting in the deaths of four Hindus, as on Friday further communal violence erupted in the capital Dhaka and in the southern town of Begumganj, with two more Hindus killed in the unrest
Khulna city: Khulna city, the third-largest city of Bangladesh and the administrative seat of Khulna District and Khulna Division, with a population of 663,342 inhabitants in 2010, an old river port located on the Rupsha and Bhoirob river and served by Port of Mongla, the second largest seaport in the country
Economy of Khulna: Economy of Khulna, the third largest economic centre in Bangladesh with various heavy and light industries, including jute, chemicals, fish and seafood packaging, food processing, sugar mills, power generation and shipbuilding
Port of Mongla: Port of Mongla, the second busiest seaport of Bangladesh, located in Bagerhat District, one of the major ports of the Bengal delta
Rajshahi city: Rajshahi city, a major urban, commercial and educational centre of Bangladesh, also the administrative seat of eponymous division and district, located on the north bank of the Padma River, near the Bangladesh-India border, with a population of over 763,952 residents
Economy of Rajshahi: Economy of Rajshahi, including, apart from usual Bangladeshi agricultural products such as rice, wheat, potatoes and lentils, various crops such as mangoes, lichis, sugarcane, tomatoes and watermelons
Kamrup Rural administrative district: Kamrup rural administrative district
Bijoynagar town: Bijoynagar town in the Kamrup district, located on the south bank of the river Brahmaputra
Demographics, education and economy of Bijoynagar: Demographics, education and economy of Bijoynagar
28 August 2021: 21 dead, dozens missing after boat sinks in Bangladesh's town of Bijoynagar: 28 August 2021: 21 people dead, dozens missing after passenger vessel sinks in Bangladesh, reportedly colliding with a sand-laden cargo ship on a lake in the town of Bijoynagar in eastern Bangladesh
Demographics and ethnic groups in Bangladesh: Demographics of Bangladesh - Indigenous peoples in Bangladesh - Ethnic groups in Bangladesh
Culture and languages in Bangladesh: - Culture of Bangladesh - Languages of Bangladesh
Women and women's rights in Bangladesh: Women in Bangladesh - Women's rights in Bangladesh - Women in Bangladesh's garment industry
23 December 2023 woman making Christmas jumpers for UK turns to sex work to pay bills, 'The Guardian' reports: 23 December 2023: Every night, Ruby R. lies awake on the cold, hard floor of her small room, worrying how her family will survive the winter. Curled up next to her under a large patchwork blanket donated by a charity is her 13-year-old daughter, Maya. The mother of two waits for her children to fall asleep before quietly creeping out of the house. Wrapped in a shawl, she heads to the market down by the Buriganga River in Keraniganj, on the outskirts of Dhaka, and waits for men to approach her. A garment worker by day, the crippling cycle of poverty wages, rising inflation and a cost of living crisis has forced Rafiq into sex work by night.
Violence against women in Bangladesh: Violence against women in Bangladesh - Rape in Bangladesh
April 2019: 18 April 2019: Teenage Bangladeshi girl Nusrat Jahan Rafi who reported being sexually harassed by her headteacher has died after being set on fire at school, after police and school authorities had ignored her complaints
Bangladeshi 'Acid Survivors Foundation': 'Acid Survivors Foundation' Bangladeshi organisation dedicated to raising awareness and preventing acid attacks and providing survivors with medical and legal aid
Gender inequality in Bangladesh: Gender inequality in Bangladesh
Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee and Bangladesh National Women Lawyers' Association: Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC) - women's welfare in Bangladesh - Bangladesh National Women Lawyers' Association
Children and adolescents in Bangladesh: Children and adolescents in Bangladesh
Child labour in Bangladesh: Child labour in Bangladesh
2009 ILO report on child labour in Bangladesh: 26 October 2009: ILO report on child labour in Bangladesh
2009/2013: 15 May 2013: Project to combat child labour through education in Bangladesh, where an estimated 13% of children aged 5-14 work full-time
2017 garment brands contribute to low wages, long working hours, child labour and school dropouts: 24 January 2017: Garment brands contribute to low wages, long working hours, child labour and school dropouts in Bangladesh, according to 'Stop Child Labour' and SOMO's report 'Branded Childhood’
9 May 2022 Bangladeshi children leaving school to work: 9 May 2022: Bangladeshi children leaving school to work, and as families migrate after climate-related disasters according to UNICEF, saying 1.7 million of the country’s children are now labourers, adding globally, about a billion children in 33 countries face that level of threat
Education in Bangladesh: Education in Bangladesh
Schools in Bangladesh: Schools in Bangladesh - Schools in Bangladesh by district - High schools in Bangladesh - List of schools in Bangladesh
Public and private Universities and colleges in Bangladesh: Universities in Bangladesh, including public and private universities - Universities and colleges in Bangladesh - Public universities of Bangladesh - Private universities in Bangladesh - Universities and colleges in Bangladesh by type - Textile schools in Bangladesh
Universities and colleges in Dhaka and Chittagong: Universities and colleges in Dhaka - List of colleges in Chittagong
University of Dhaka, established in 1921 during the British Raj, the oldest university in modern Bangladesh and a significant contributor to the modern history of Bangladesh - Asian University for Women, the first liberal arts university for women in South Asia, located in the port city of Chittagong - European University of Bangladesh since 2012
October 2019 protests against politically motivated attacks: 10 October 2019: The father of an engineering student who was beaten to death at his university halls in Bangladesh has demanded justice for his son, as protests against politically motivated attacks on campuses continued
Health in Bangladesh: Health in Bangladesh
Medical outbreaks in Bangladesh: Medical outbreaks in Bangladesh - Health disasters in Bangladesh - Disasters and man-made disasters in Bangladesh
April 2019 - January 2020 dengue outbreak in Bangladesh: April 2019 - January 2020 dengue outbreak in Bangladesh, a nationwide occurrence of dengue fever in Bangladesh
Since February 2020 Chinese coronavirus pandemic Bangladesh: Since March 2020 Chinese coronavirus pandemic in Bangladesh - Since February 2020 socio-economic impact of the 2019–20 Chinese coronavirus pandemic on South Asia
29 March 2020 at least 6 more people died with symptoms similar to that of COVID-19: 29 March 2020: At least 6 more people died with symptoms similar to that of COVID-19, one in Khulna, two in Barishal, one in Rajshahi, one in Manikganj and one in Lalmonirhat, on Sunday and Saturday night, as former WHO regional adviser Muzaherul Huq warns the government should increase the capacity to test more people and isolate them if found positive for coronavirus, also saying government lacks preparation for a possible catastrophic situation
Healthcare in Bangladesh: Healthcare in Bangladesh - Healthcare in Dhaka
Hospitals in Bangladesh: Hospitals in Bangladesh
Schools of medicine in Bangladesh: Schools of medicine in Bangladesh - List of medical colleges in Bangladesh
Water supply and sanitation in Bangladesh: Water supply and sanitation in Bangladesh
2013: 30 June 2013: About 450 employees fell ill after complaining of contaminated water at their workplace near the Bangladeshi capital, the second such incident to hit the same garment factory in recent days
2016: 6 April 2016: Nearly 20 million Bangladeshis are still drinking water poisoned with high levels of arsenic despite millions of wells being tested and hundreds of thousands of safe ones having been bored to avert a major health crisis, according to a new report
Media and censorship in Bangladesh: Media of Bangladesh - Censorship in Bangladesh
October/November 2013: 20 November 2013: Bangladesh's 'Information and Communication Technology Act' draconian assault on free expression
May 2018: 9 May 2018: Scores of people have been arrested over the past five years in Bangladesh under section 57 of the ICT Act for criticizing the government, political leaders, and others on Facebook, as well as in blogs, online newspapers, or other social media, Human Rights Watch says
August 2018 photojournalists hurt in BCL attack and arrested: 5 August 2018: At least five photojournalists were injured as activists of Bangladesh Chhatra League, student front of ruling Awami League, equipped with iron roads and sticks, chased nearly 50 journalists and allegedly swooped on them at Science Lab intersection in Dhaka - 6 August 2018: At least 20 plainclothes officers arrested prize-winning photographer Shahidul Alam at his home in Dhaka at about 10pm on Sunday for comments made in an interview about protests
List of journalists killed in Bangladesh since 1992: List of journalists killed in Bangladesh since 1992
2012: 30 December 2012: 2012 South Asia mourned the murder of 25 media persons, 13 journalists in Pakistan, five in India, three in Bangladesh, and two each in Nepal and Afghanistan, a report says
Newspapers in Bangladesh: Newspapers in Bangladesh
Broadcasting in Bangladesh: Broadcasting in Bangladesh - Bangladeshi television and radio channels
Internet and censorship in Bangladesh: Internet in Bangladesh - Internet censorship and surveillance in Bangladesh
2013: 4 April 2013 Bengali blog blackout - 25 April 2013 and 2 May 2013: Worldwide Protests for Free Expression in Bangladesh
Social media and telecommunications in Bangladesh: Telecommunications in Bangladesh
2018/2019 social media statistics: June 2018 - June 2019 Social Media statistics in Bangladesh
October 2018 surveillance: 19 October 2018: The Bangladesh government has embarked upon intensive and intrusive surveillance and monitoring of social media ahead of national elections, raising concern over a chilling effect on speech, according to Human Rights Watch
25 July 2019 eight people killed in lynchings: 25 July 2019: Eight people, including two women, have been killed in vigilante lynchings in Bangladesh, sparked by rumours on social media of children being kidnapped and sacrificed as offerings for the construction of a mega-bridge on the Padma, according to police, as more than 30 other people have been attacked in connection with the rumours
Crime in Bangladesh: Crime in Bangladesh
Corruption in Bangladesh: Corruption in Bangladesh - Anti Corruption Commission Bangladesh - 18 October 2005: Bangladesh has been ranked as the most corrupt country on earth in the latest list of corrupt nations published by Transparency International - Corruption Perceptions Index 2012 Bangladesh rank 144 - Bangladesh has been ranked 136th in the Corruption Perceptions Index 2013
2013: 23 December 2013: Bangladesh police brought charges over the Tazreen factory garment factory fire, accusing the owners and 11 others of negligence that led to the loss of 111 lives
2014: 9 February 2014: Fugitive owners of fire-disaster Tazreen Fashions factory sent to jail
15 June 2014: Anti-graft commission accuses 17 people with violations over 2013 garment factory collapse that killed 1130 people in Dhaka
Human trafficking in Bangladesh: Human trafficking in Bangladesh
Violence against women in Bangladesh: Violence against women in Bangladesh - Rape in Bangladesh
April 2019 murder of Nusrat Jahan Rafi: 10 April 2019 murder of Nusrat Jahan Rafi - 18 April 2019: Teenage Bangladeshi girl Nusrat Jahan Rafi who reported being sexually harassed by her headteacher has died after being set on fire at school, after police and school authorities had ignored her complaints
May 2019: 29 May 2019: Bangladeshi police are set to charge 16 people, including the headteacher of an Islamic seminary, with the murder of 19-year-old Nusrat Jahan Rafi who was burned to death
Human rights abuses in Bangladesh: Human rights abuses in Bangladesh</a>
Forced disappearance in Bangladesh: Forced disappearance in Bangladesh
Torture in Bangladesh: Torture in Bangladesh
Police brutality in Bangladesh: Police brutality in Bangladesh
Human rights, religion, religious violence and terrorism in Bangladesh: Human rights in Bangladesh - Religious violence in Bangladesh
Religion in Bangladesh - Freedom of religion in Bangladesh - Buddhism in Bangladesh - Hinduism in Bangladesh - Islam in Bangladesh
War crimes in Bangladesh, Bangladesh Liberation War 1971, war tribunal since 2011 and protests: War crimes in Bangladesh - Bangladesh Liberation War 1971 - 1971 Bangladesh atrocities
Since 1972 movement demanding trial of war criminals: Since 1972 movement demanding trial of war criminals in Bangladesh and timeline until 2013
2011 International Crimes Tribunal of Bangladesh: 10 August 2011: Bangladesh war tribunal to start work in Dhaka - International Crimes Tribunal (Bangladesh)
2013: 5 February 2013: Abdul Kader Mullah, senior Jamaat-e-Islami party leader, sentenced to life for crimes against humanity during 1971 war - 16 February 2013: At least four people are killed as opposition activists clash with police during protests over war crimes trial - 9 May 2013: Muhammad Kamaruzzaman sentenced to death in the fourth verdict in Bangladesh's war crimes tribunals - 15 July 2013: Special Bangladeshi court sentenced top Islamist Ghulam Azam to 90 years in prison for masterminding atrocities during the 1971 war - 17 July 2013: Bangladesh Islamist leader Mohammad Mojaheed sentenced to death for 1971 war crimes - 17 September: Bangladesh Supreme Court sentences Islamist leader Abdul Quader Mollah to death for war crimes - 12/13 December 2013: Bangladesh executes Islamist leader Abdul Quader Molla for war crimes
Violence in Bangladesh: Violence in Bangladesh
Massacres in Bangladesh: Massacres in Bangladesh - List of massacres in Bangladesh since 1971
Murder and lynchings in Bangladesh: Murder in Bangladesh
25 July 2019 eight people killed in lynchings: 25 July 2019: Eight people, including two women, have been killed in vigilante lynchings in Bangladesh, sparked by rumours on social media of children being kidnapped and sacrificed as offerings for the construction of a mega-bridge on the Padma, according to police, as more than 30 other people have been attacked in connection with the rumours
Riots, violence and terrorism in Bangladesh since 2001: Terrorism in Bangladesh
2001: 2001 Ramna Batamul bombings
2004/2005: 2004 Dhaka grenade attack - 2005 Bangladesh bombings
2012: Hathazari violence February 2012 - Fatehpur violence March 2012 - Chirirbandar violence August 2012 - Ramu violence September 2012 - 30 September 2012: Hundreds of Muslims have set fire to at least 10 Buddhist temples and 2.100 homes in southern Bangladesh after picture of allegedly desecrated Quran on Facebook - 1 October: Troops deployed after new attacks on Buddhists
2013 timeline including riots, violence and terrorist incidents in Bangladesh: Bangladesh timeline including riots, violence and terrorist incidents in 2013
2014 timeline including riots, violence and terrorist incidents in Bangladesh: 2014 Bangladesh timeline including riots, violence and terrorist incidents
2015 timeline including riots, violence and terrorist incidents in Bangladesh: 2015 Bangladesh timeline including riots, violence and terrorist incidents - 24 January 2015: At least 34 people died and scores injured amid rising political unrest fueled by a stand-off between PM Hasina and BNP - 3 February 2015: Seven people killed in in the southeastern district of Comilla after petrol bombs thrown at bus trying to enforce a transport boycott - 7 February: At least nine people, including two children, were burned alive in Dhaka when terrorists hurled petrol bombs at a packed bus and a truck - 24 October 2015: At least one person killed and nearly 80 wounded on Saturday in a bomb attack outside the main Shia site in Dhaka as thousands gathered for the annual Ashura procession
2016 timeline including riots, violence and terrorist incidents in Bangladesh: 2016 timeline including riots, violence and terrorist incidents in Bangladesh
July 2016 Gulshan attack: 1 July 2016 Gulshan attack - 2 July 2016: 20 hostages were killed in Dhaka attack that ended when security forces stormed the upscale restaurant where heavily armed militants were holding dozens of people
16 October 2021 deadly communal violence has broken out in Bangladesh: 16 October 2021: Deadly communal violence has broken out in Bangladesh after allegations of the desecration of an Islamic holy book led to dozens of Hindu temples being attacked and police opening fire on a crowd, leaving at least six people dead, as the government deployed paramilitary troops to 22 districts after religious tensions and violence broke out in the city of Cumilla, resulting in the deaths of four Hindus, as on Friday further communal violence erupted in the capital Dhaka and in the southern town of Begumganj, with two more Hindus killed in the unrest
2013 Bangladesh riots and anti-Hindu violence: 2013 Bangladesh riots - 28 February: At least 30 people are reported to have been killed and hundreds injured in protests after member from Jamaat-e-Islami party Delwar Hossain Sayedee was sentenced to death for war crimes - 1 March 2013: Death toll over death sentence for convicted Delwar Hossain Sayedee reaches 42, as new round of clashes erupt in Bangladesh - 3 March: Bangladesh deploys troops in the north as six more people were killed in fresh clashes - 5 March: Jamaat-e-Islami activists clashed with security forces for a fifth day on Monday during a nationwide strike called to denounce war crimes trials, leaving at least three people dead and dozens injured
2013 Bangladesh Anti-Hindu violence - 19 December 2013: Eight Awami activists sentenced to death by a fast-track Bangladeshi court for hacking to death a Hindu man during a nationwide strike in 2012 - 7 January 2014: Seven BNP and Jamaat-e-Islami activists arrested for attacks on Hindus in Jessore and Dinajpur, after members of the community voted despite opposition's call to boycott Sunday's elections
2013 Shahbag protests: 2013 Shahbag protests - 16 February 2013: One of the organisers of the Shahbagh protest blogger Ahmed Rajib Haider’s throat was slit after he was hacked to death by the attackers, police say - 28 February 2013: Calls grow for banning Jamaat-e-Islami in BD - 2 March 2013: Police arrested five students on charges of murdering anti-Islamist blogger Ahmed Rajib Haider whose death triggered nationwide turmoil
Demand for a new blasphemy law, persecution and murder of secularists in Bangladesh: Since 2012 a number of secularist writers, bloggers, publishers and activists in Bangladesh have been killed or seriously injured in attacks amid tensions between Bangladeshi secularists, who want the country to maintain its secularist tradition of separation of religion and state, and Islamists, who want an Islamic state
2012: 16 June 2012: Journalist Zamal Uddin stabbed to death at Kashipur Bazar in Jessore district
2013: 18 February 2013: Reporters Without Borders strongly condemns the murder of Ahmed Rajib Haider, who was hacked to death in Dhaka on 15 February - 6 April 2013: Hundreds of thousands of Islamists rallied in Dhaka on Saturday to demand the execution of bloggers for allegedly defaming Islam - 6 May: At least 22 people were killed as Bangladeshi police fought pitch battles with tens of thousands of Islamists in Dhaka demanding blasphemy law - 10 June: Protestors clashed with police in several towns as the latest strike declared by the nation's largest Islamic party paralysed much of the country - 27 October: Three killed as political strike grips Bangladesh - 27 November: Bangladesh opposition supporters blocked roads and ripped up railway tracks in protests against the announcement of an election date, leaving four people dead and plunging the nation into fresh turmoi - 2 December 2013: Bangladeshi ministers escape bomb attacks ahead of next month's general elections
2015: 12 May 2015: Secular blogger Ananta Bijoy Das has been hacked to death in north-eastern city of Sylhet, the third such deadly attack this year and an attack, that fellow writers said highlighted a culture of impunity - 30 March 2015: Blogger Washiqur Rahman has been hacked to death in Dhaka, in the latest brutal attack on Bangladesh’s independent writers - 7 August 2015: Secular blogger Niloy Chakrabarti hacked to death with machetes after a gang broke into his apartment in the Bangladeshi capital Dhaka on Friday, had told police of threats against him and requested protection weeks before he died - 31 October 2015: The publisher of secular books Faisal Abedin Deepan hacked to death in the Bangladeshi capital while in a separate attack in Dhaka two other writers and a publisher were stabbed and shot at a publishing house
2016: 7 April 2016: Bangladeshi law student Nazimuddin Samad, who had been on a Islamists' death list sent to Bangladesh’s interior ministry, and who criticised Islamism on his Facebook page, has been hacked to death by at least four assailants in Dhaka, the latest in a series of killings of secular activists and bloggers in the country - 23 April 2016: University English professor Rezaul Karim Siddique in Bangladesh hacked to death in an assault police say bears the hallmarks of previous killings by Islamist militants of secular and atheist activists> - 26 April 2016: USA embassy worker, LGBT rights activist Julhas Mannan and Tanay Mojumdar murdered Monday evening in Dhaka - 14 May 2016: A Buddhist monk reportedly found hacked to death on Saturday in the southeastern district of Bandarban, the latest in a spate of murders of religious minorities and secular activists


Law and and legal history in Bangladesh: Law of Bangladesh - Legal history of Bangladesh - Constitution of Bangladesh - Amendments to the Constitution of Bangladesh
Judiciary of Bangladesh: Judiciary of Bangladesh - Supreme Court of Bangladesh, the highest court of law in Bangladesh composed of the High Court Division and the Appellate Division - Dhaka High Court - Chief Justice of Bangladesh, the chief amongst the judges of the Supreme Court of Bangladesh and also head of the whole judicial establishments, including subordinate courts, appointed by The President of Bangladesh, who sits in the Appellate Division with other judges to hear and decide cases
2016: 5/6 May 2016: Bangladeshi High Court declares the 16th Amendment to the Constitution establishing Parliament’s power to remove the Supreme Court judges illegal and contradictory to the Constitution
November 2019 death sentences to Islamist militants for plotting 2016 cafe attack: 27 November 2019: Bangladesh court has handed death sentences to 7 members of an Islamist militant group for plotting an attack on a cafe in 2016 that killed 22 people, mostly foreigners, in the south Asian country’s worst such incident
Law enforcement in Bangladesh: Law enforcement in Bangladesh - Law enforcement agencies of Bangladesh
2016: 12 June 2016: 4 days after the wife of a police superintendent, who led operations against Islamist militants and drug cartels, was shot and stabbed to death in the city of Chittagong, Bangladeshi police arrest thousands, including 85 suspected Islamist radicals, trying to stop the waves of attacks on minorities and activists
Foreign relations of Bangladesh: Foreign relations of Bangladesh
Treaties of Bangladesh: Treaties of Bangladesh
Bangladesh/United Nations relations: Bangladesh/United Nations relations
8 December 2013 UN launches effort to end political deadlock over the general elections: 19 November 2013: Bangladesh must introduce sweeping reforms in its garment industry to maintain economic growth, the ILO says - 8 December 2013: UN launches effort to end political deadlock over the general elections on January 5
10 March 2014 UN envoy says Bangladesh needs billions of dollars to adapt to climate change: 10 March 2014: UN envoy says Bangladesh needs billions of dollars to adapt to climate change as donors fail to match pledges with money
3 November 2021 experts say the effects of global warming are devastating Bangladesh: 3 November 2021: Experts say the effects of global warming are devastating Bangladesh and destroying the livelihoods of millions, particularly increased cyclones and flooding that brings saltwater further inland, as country of about 160 million has historically contributed a fraction of the world’s emissions, and yet the low-lying delta nation is hard hit by climate change
Bangladesh's participation UN in peacekeeping missions: Bangladesh among nations that participate in UN peacekeeping missions


Bilateral relations of Bangladesh: Bilateral relations of Bangladesh
Bangladesh/Burma relations: Bangladesh/Burma relations
2012: 13 June 2012: Bangladesh turns away Rakhine refugees - 22 July 2012: More than 300.000 from Myanmar live in makeshift camps along its border with Bangladesh as unregistered refugees
2016: 25 November 2016: Thousands of Rohingya Muslims who have fled to Bangladesh from Myanmar where they have been attacked by security forces are being pushed back by the Bangladeshi authorities, according to rights group - 28 novembre 2016: Plusieurs bateaux de Rohingyas fuyant les violences dans l'ouest de la Birmanie ont été refoulés lundi par le Bangladesh
2017: 12 September 2017: Bangladesh’s PM Sheikh Hasina has urged Myanmar to take back an estimated 370,000 Rohingya refugees who have fled across the border in recent weeks in response to a violent crackdown by the Burmese military - 23 November 2017: Myanmar and Bangladesh have signed an initial deal for the possible repatriation of hundreds of thousands of Rohingya Muslims who fled violence in Rakhine state
2018: 11 avril 2018: Les enfants de la minorité Rohingya vivant dans des camps de réfugiés au Bangladesh présentent des niveaux de malnutrition et d'anémie inquiétants, taux qui dépassent largement les niveaux considérés comme nécessitant une action urgente, selon une étude publiée mardi
February 2020 overcrowded boat carrying about 138 Rohingya refugees from Bangladeshi camps has sunk: 11 February 2020: An overcrowded boat carrying about 138 Rohingya refugees from Bangladeshi camps has sunk in the Bay of Bengal, leaving at least 15 confirmed dead and more than 50 still missing, Bangladeshi officials
16 April 2020 Bangladesh rescues 382 Rohingya drifting at sea for weeks: 16 April 2020: Bangladesh's coast guard rescues 382 starving Rohingya refugees, drifting at sea for weeks after failing to reach Malaysia, lured by traffickers as owner of the boat is a Myanmar Buddhist, officials said
4 December 2020 Bangladesh begins moving Rohingya families to remote island: 4 December 2020: Bangladesh has begun moving Rohingya families from camps near the Myanmar border to a settlement on a remote island, despite concerns about its safety and a lack of consent from the refugees
3 October 2021 Bangladesh arrests five over the killing of Rohingya activist: 3 October 2021: Bangladesh arrests five over the killing of Rohingya activist, as Mohibullah was killed by unknown gunmen in a camp in Cox’s Bazar on Wednesday night
5 March 2023 fire blazes through crowded Rohingya refugee camp in Bangladesh: 5 March 2023: Fire blazes through crowded Rohingya refugee camp in Bangladesh, as at least 2,000 huts damaged in one of the 32 camps in Cox’s Bazar district where more than 1.2 million people live
Bangladesh/European Union relations: 16 January 2022: Bangladesh police have arrested Mohammad Shah Ali - the brother of a notorious rebel leader whose organisation has been blamed for murders and drug trafficking in Rohingya refugee camps by the Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army ARSA armed group - late on Saturday by the elite Armed Police Battalion
Bangladesh/European Union relations: Bangladesh/European Union relations
Economic relations: The European Union is Bangladesh's largest trading parting accounting for 24% Bangladesh's total trade, clothing makes 90% of all export from Bangladesh to the EU as EU exports consists mostly of machinery and transport equipment at 49%
Bangladesh/Germany relations: Bangladesh/Germany relations - 24 April 2013: After the deadly collapse of a block housing garment factories in Dhaka, a website of a company, which had two factories in the building, listed 27 main buyers, including firms from Britain, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Ireland, Spain, and the United States
Bangladesh/India relations: Bangladesh/India relations - Indians in Bangladesh - Bangladesh–India border - 1947 Radcliffe Line - India–Bangladesh enclaves - Sharing the water of the Ganges - Transport between India and Bangladesh
2001: 2001 Bangladeshi-Indian border skirmish
2011: 6 September 2011: Bangladesh and India today signed an agreement on demarcation of land boundaries - Teesta river waters treaty on hold
2014: 26 February 2014: Why are people in Bangladesh protesting the Bollywood movie Gunday
2015: 1 August 2015: Tens of thousands of stateless people stranded for decades along the poorly defined border between India and Bangladesh can finally choose their citizenship, as the two countries swapped more than 150 pockets of land to settle the demarcation line dividing them
Bangladeshis in the Middle East: Bangladeshis in the Middle East
Bangladesh/Pakistan relations: Bangladesh/Pakistan relations - Partition of the British Indian Empire 1947 - Bangladesh Liberation War 1971 - Organisation of Islamic Cooperation's role in Pakistan-Bangladesh relationship
Stateless persons with historic links to Pakistan living in Bangladesh: Stateless persons with historic links to Pakistan living in Bangladesh - Persecution of Biharis in Bangladesh
2013: 2013 siege of the Pakistani embassy in Dhaka
2014: 15 June 2014: At least nine people, including three children and two women, killed and 30 injured in a fire during clashes at a refugee camp in Dhaka
Bangladesh/Saudi Arabia relations: Bangladesh/Saudi Arabia relations - 8 October 2011: Saudi public beheading of eight Bangladesh workers condemned
Bangladesh/United Arab Emirates relations: Bangladesh/United Arab Emirates relations - Bangladeshis in the United Arab Emirates
Bangladesh/United Kingdom relations: Bangladesh/United Kingdom relations - British Raj - British rule in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947 - 26 April 2013: British low-cost fashion line Primark and Spanish giant Mango have acknowledged having their products made in the collapsed factory bloc in Dhaka, that has so far claimed the lives of over 250 local workers - hundreds of thousands of workers walked out of their factories in solidarity with their dead colleagues on Thursday
Bangladesh/USA relations: Bangladesh/USA relations
2012/2013: 27 November 2012: Walmart admits goods made at Bangladesh fire factory near Dhaka - 27 November 2012: US retailer ends relationship with unnamed Bangladesh textile firm - 27 juin 2013: Les Etats-Unis ont imposé des sanctions commerciales au Bangladesh invoquant les dangereuses conditions de travail
2015/2016: 27 February 2015: USA citizen Avijit Roy, whose blog championed liberal secular writing in the Muslim-majority nation of Bangladesh, hacked to death by unidentified assailants in Dhaka - 26 April 2016: USA embassy worker, LGBT rights activist Julhas Mannan and Tanay Mojumdar murdered Monday evening in Dhaka - 21 November 2016: Alliance consortium, which includes Walmart, Gap and Target, has pushed back deadlines to implement fire exits, alarms and structural renovations more than three years after deadly Rana Plaza collapse, after Walmart declined to sign an accord and founded an alliance including Gap, Target, Hudson’s Bay Company, whose brands include Saks Fifth Avenue and Lord & Taylor, and VF Corporation, whose brands include North Face, Timberland, Vans and Wrangler, independent survey says


Environment of Bangladesh: Environment of Bangladesh - Climate of Bangladesh
Climate change in Bangladesh: Climate change in Bangladesh
Ecoregions of Bangladesh: Ecoregions of Bangladesh - Forests of Bangladesh - Mizoram-Manipur-Kachin rain forests, a subtropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion which occupies the lower hillsides of the mountainous border region joining India, Bangladesh, and Burma - Lower Gangetic plains moist deciduous forests - Sundarbans is a vast forest in the coastal region of the Bay of Bengal which is one of the natural wonders of the world
Environmental issues and concerns in Bangladesh: Environmental issues in Bangladesh - Environmental concerns in Bangladesh
Water and groundwater salinity in Bangladesh: Water in Bangladesh - Groundwater salinity in Bangladesh - in the coastal regions of Bangladesh, which make up 32% of the land in the country, there are problems of salinity due to high tides and reduced flow in rivers during the dry season
Cyclones and flooding: Cyclones and flooding - flooding has been cited as one of the 'main obstacles to the economic improvement of the nation', affecting the agricultural economy and the food security of Bangladesh since almost 74% of the land is cultivated
December 2020 frequency of natural disasters making life in rural areas increasingly difficult: 16 December 2020: The frequency of natural disasters is making life in rural areas increasingly difficult, pushing inhabitants into city slums, as extreme weather is emptying Bangladesh's villages
3 September 2021 life below sea level in Bangladesh: 3 September 2021: Life below sea level in Bangladesh, reported by 'Al Jazeera' in a three-part series on climate change by examining the impact of water, fire, and heat
28 February 2024 Bangladesh is running out of options in the face of extreme weather: 28 February 2024: Bangladesh is running out of options in the face of extreme weather, as the south Asian country is a world leader in climate adaptation, but without more funding the country will struggle to protect its people, a report warns
Natural disasters in Bangladesh: Natural disasters in Bangladesh - Environment of Bangladesh
Floods and landslides in Bangladesh: Floods in Bangladesh - Since 1972 Flood Forecasting and Warning Centre in Bangladesh
July/August 2007 South Asian floods: July/August 2007 South Asian floods
2012 Bangladesh floods and landslides: 27 June 2012: More than 50 people have been killed in landslides after three days of rains
June 2017 Bangladesh landslides: June 2017 Bangladesh landslides
August 2017 Bangladesh, India and Nepal floods: 16 August 2017: Nearly 250 people have died in the last few days as a result of flooding and landslides that have devastated parts of northern India, Nepal and Bangladesh
July 2019 South Asia floods: July 2019 South Asia floods, as monsoonal downpours caused widespread flooding and landslides across Bangladesh, China, India, and Nepal
July 2019 Bangladesh, India and Nepal floods: 14 July 2019: Monsoon-triggered floods and landslides have killed at least 85 people in South Asia in the past few days, as at least 16 people have been killed in lightning strikes, flooding and landslides in Bangladesh - 26 juillet 2019: Alors que le niveau des eaux continue de monter, le Bangladesh déplore déjà 114 décès liés à la mousson.
July 2020 Bangladesh floods and Landslides: 28 July 2020: Bangladesh floods and Landslides, affecting people in low-lying areas, as as of 25 July 93 fatalities, around 3.3 million affected people, and around 732,000 waterlogged people across 21 Districts of the country were reported and as worst affected districts include the Jamalpur (Mymensingh Division) and the Sunamganj Districts, and as covid-19 pandemic puts further challenges to the response and assistance to the most affected communities - 28 July 2020 monsoon situation in South Asia
29 July 2021: At least six Rohingya refugees killed as floods hit camps in Bangladesh: 29 July 2021: At least six Rohingya refugees killed as floods hit camps in Bangladesh, as shelters swept away and activists say people stuck in Cox’s Bazar are highly vulnerable to the ‘rapidly changing climate’
May 2022 flooding in parts of Bangladesh and India: 22 May 2022: Heavy rains have caused widespread flooding in parts of Bangladesh and India, leaving millions stranded and at least 57 dead, as in Bangladesh, about 2 million people have been marooned by the worst floods in the country’s north-east for nearly two decades, and as experts say climate change is increasing the likelihood of extreme weather events around the world
18 June 2022 dozens dead, millions stranded as floods hit Bangladesh, India, expected to worsen in next days: 18 June 2022: Monsoon storms in Bangladesh and India have killed at least 41 people and unleashed devastating floods that left millions of others strande after delentless downpours over the past week have inundated vast stretches of Bangladesh’s northeast, as floods are a regular menace to millions of people in low-lying Bangladesh, but experts say climate change is increasing their frequency, ferocity and unpredictability - Since May 2022 due to heavy rainfall in Assam and Arunachal Pradesh, the flood waters of Surma, Kushiyara and other rivers overflowed, causing severe flooding in Greater Sylhet. The Bangladesh Army is working to help with the second phase of flood situation of Sylhet in June.
Tornadoes, storms and weather events in Bangladesh: Tornadoes in Bangladesh
1989: April 1989 Daulatpur–Saturia, Bangladesh tornado was an extremely dangerous tornado that occurred in the Manikganj District
2016: 16 mai 2016: La foudre a tué 59 personnes en trois jours au Bangladesh, la plupart des victimes sont des paysans frappés alors qu'ils travaillaient dans leurs rizières
Tropical cyclones and storms in Bangladesh: Tropical cyclones in Bangladesh
2013/2014: 23 March 2013: Tornado in eastern Brahmanbaria district leaves 20 dead, 200 injured - Cyclone Mahasen May 2013 - 17 May 2013: At least 45 deaths related to cyclone Mahasen were reported in Bangladesh, Myanmar and Sri Lanka - 28 April 2014: A severe storm left at least nine people dead and about 1,000 homeless after hitting northern Bangladesh
May 2016 Cyclonic Storm Roanu: May 2016 Cyclonic Storm Roanu caused severe flooding in Sri Lanka and Bangladesh
May 2017 Cyclone Mora: May 2017 Cyclone Mora - 30 mai 2017: Le cyclone Mora a fait cinq morts mardi au Bangladesh et a endommagé des milliers d'habitations
April/May 2019 Cyclone Fani: April/May 2019 Cyclone Fani - 5 May 2019: Cyclone Fani killed at least 12 people in India's Odisha state before swinging north-eastwards into Bangladesh, where five more people died, but the evacuation of millions of people across the two countries is believed to have saved many more lives
November 2019 Cyclone Bulbul: November 2019 Cyclone Bulbul - 9 novembre 2019: Les autorités du Bangladesh ont évacué vendredi 100'000 personnes des villages côtiers et des îles et prévoyaient d'en évacuer dans la journée un total d'un million et demi avant l'arrivée du cyclone Bulbul - 10 November 2019: Cyclone Bulbul lashed northeastern India and Bangladesh, killing several people in both countries after more than 2 million moved to shelters across Bangladesh's vast coastal region, officials and news reports said
May 2020 Cyclonic Storm Amphan: May 2020 Cyclonic Storm Amphan over the Bay of Bengal threatening Odisha and West Bengal in India as well as Bangladesh - 20 May 2020: Super cyclone Amphan evacuations in India and Bangladesh slowed by virus, as thousands of migrant workers left jobless by covid-19 pandemic are still on the roads, and evacuations have been hampered by distancing rules - 21 May 2020: Floods, rain hit Bangladesh and India amid deadly cyclone Amphan
December 2021 ahead of anniversary of independence cyclonic storm brought heavy rainfall and strong winds: December 2021: Ahead of anniversary of independence cyclonic storm Jawad brought heavy rainfall and strong winds over West Bengal and Bangladesh
25 October 2022 at least 9 people have died after Cyclone Sitrang slammed into Bangladesh’s southern coast: 25 October 2022: At least nine people have died after Cyclone Sitrang slammed into Bangladesh’s southern coast, snapping communications and power links and destroying houses, officials said
May 2023 Cyclone Mocha: Cyclone Mocha May 2023, when authorities suspended inland river transport in Bangladesh on 13 May and flight operations at Shah Amanat International Airport on 14 May. The Bangladesh government launched a large evacuation campaign to relocate almost 500,000 residents along the country's southern coastlines. However, Bangladesh officials moved 190,000 people from Cox's Bazar and over 100,000 from Chittagong
Earthquakes in Bangladesh: Earthquakes in Bangladesh
2016: January 2016 Bangladesh and Northeast India earthquake


Brunei - Geography of Brunei - History of Brunei - Demographics of Brunei
Economy of Brunei: Economy of Brunei - main industries include petroleum, petroleum refining, liquefied natural gas, construction - Companies of Brunei
Energy in Brunei: Energy in Brunei
Petroleum and natural gas in Brunei: Petroleum in Brunei - Brunei LNG, established in 1969, owned by the Government of Brunei (50%), Shell Overseas Trading Limited and Mitsubishi Corporation (both 25%) - Brunei Shell Petroleum Co Sdn Bhd
Society, demographics and human rights in Brunei: Bruneian society - Demographics of Brunei - Human rights in Brunei
22 October 2013: Sultan of Brunei introduces tough Islamic punishments including death by stoning
Politics of Brunei: Politics of Brunei - Political parties in Brunei - Brunei People's Party, established in 1956 to bring Brunei into full independence from the United Kingdom, is a banned party since 1962 - National Development Party, registered political party, but legislative elections have not been held in Brunei since 1962 - Brunei National Solidarity Party, banned in 1988, legislative elections have not been held in Brunei since 1962
Legislative Council of Brunei: Legislative Council of Brunei
Foreign relations of Brunei: Foreign relations of Brunei - ASEAN–China Free Trade Area
Brunei/Indonesia relations: Brunei/Indonesia relations
Brunei/Japan relations: Japanese occupation of British Borneo 1941-1945
Brunei/Malaysia relations: Brunei/Malaysia relations - Brunei and Malaysia
Brunei/Netherlands relations: 3 January 2012: Tainted ‘symbiotic partnership’ between Brunei regime and Netherland's Shell
Brunei/United Kingdom relations: Brunei/United Kingdom relations - British Borneo 1846-1963 - Brunei Revolt 1962-1966, in 1962 rebels began co-ordinated attacks on the oil town of Seria (targeting the Royal Dutch Shell oil installations) and on police stations and government facilities around the protectorate - Brunei and Malaysia - Brunei pulled out of the Malaysia Agreement 1963 and became independent from the United Kingdom on 1 January 1984 - Brunei Shell Petroleum Co Sdn Bhd


Burma - Geography of Burma - History of Burma - British rule in Burma lasted from 1824 to 1948 - Demographics of Burma
Economy of Burma: Economy of Burma - main industries include agricultural processing, wood and wood products, copper, tin, tungsten, iron, cement, construction materials, pharmaceuticals, fertilizer, petroleum and natural gas, garments, jade and gems - List of companies of Burma
Energy in Burma: Energy in Burma - Hydroelectric power stations in Burma - Dams in Burma
Oil and gas industry in Myanmar: Oil and gas industry in Myanmar
Mining in Myanmar: Mining in Myanmar - Pinpet Mining Project and forced relocations and displacement
Jade production and trade in Burma: Jade production and trade in Burma
November 2015 jade mine landslide: November 2015 Hpakant jade mine disaster - 23 novembre 2015: Les secours birmans sont à la recherche de personnes portées disparues après le gigantesque glissement de terrain survenu dans une mine de jade dans le nord du pays, faisant plus d'une centaine de morts
April 2019 jade mine landslide and collapse: April 2019 Hpakant jade mine collapse - 23 avril 2019: Au moins 54 personnes sont portées disparues après un glissement de terrain dans une mine de jade dans l'Etat Kachin dans le nord de la Birmanie
July 2019 jade mine landslide: 28 July 2019: A landslide at a jade mine in Hpakant township in the northern Kachin state reportedly killed at least 14 people including a policeman, as rescuers frantically searched for more victims
2 July 2020 landslide at Myanmar jade mine: 2 July 2020: Landslide at northern Myanmar Hpakant jade mine kills at least 123 people, as fire service puts death toll even higher, saying workers were ‘smothered by a wave of mud’
Garment production in Burma: Garment production in Myanmar (Burma)
2012: 17 March 2012: Six top garment makers moving to low-wage Burma
2017: 5 February 2017: Low labour costs in Myanmar have encouraged international brands to switch production from more expensive countries, there are now more than 400 factories in the country, employing 350,000 people, 90% of them women, and between 2010 and 2014 exports tripled to £787m - 5 Februar 2017: As the conditions for workers in the garment industry are far from acceptable, over the past few years Myanmar has rapidly become a popular sourcing destination for this industry employing children
Agriculture in Burma: Agriculture in Burma is the main industry in the country, accounting for 60% of the GDP and employing some 65% of the labor force - Crops are rice, corn, pulses, peas, onions, groundnuts, seeds, sesame, spices, sugarcane
Opium production in Burma: Opium production in Burma
Forestry and deforestation in Burma: Forests of Myanmar - Forestry in Burma - Deforestation in Burma
Central Bank of Myanmar: Central Bank of Myanmar
Since 1930s Rangoon Stock Exchange: Since 1930s Rangoon Stock Exchange
Economic history of Myanmar and economic cycles: Economic history of Myanmar - History of transport in Myanmar
Since 1965 macro-economic trends, GDPs and foreign investments in Myanmar: Since 1965 macro-economic trends, GDPs and foreign investments in Myanmar
2003 Myanmar banking crisis: 2003 Myanmar banking crisis
Since 2011 economic liberalisation and crisis: Since 2011 economic liberalisation and crisis since 2021 miltary coup
Labour in Myanmar and trade unions in Myanmar: Labour in Myanmar and trade unions in Myanmar - Trade unions in Myanmar
April 1956 Burmese general election: 27 April 1956 Burmese general election
February 1960 Burmese general election: 6 February 1960 Burmese general election
Since 1962 and 1988 protests in Myanmar: Since 1962 and 1988 protests in Myanmar
2010 Burmese general election: Burmese general election 2010
Since 2011 Burmese political reforms, ongoing repression and elections: 2011-2012 Burmese political reforms - Elections in Burma - 29 June 2011: Military regime warns Suu Kyi ahead of tour of country - 4 July 2011: Aung San Suu Kyi for the first time travelling since release - trip to Bagan - 7 July 2011: Crowds throng as Suu Kyi visits Bagan - 14 August: Pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi made first political trip outside Rangoon since release, calling for national unity - 19 August: Auung San Suu Kyi meets army backed President Thein Sein amid government's attempts to soften its image - 12 octobre 2011: Des dizaines de prisonniers politiques vont être libérés - 18 November: Suu Kyi's democracy party to rejoin Burma politics - 2 December: Opposition leader Suu Kyi says after a meeting with Hillary Clinton that improved ties with USA can help democratisation
2012: Burmese by-elections 2012 - 10 January 2012: Suu Kyi to run for Myanmar parliament in April by-elections - 13 January: Myanmar frees more political prisoners - ceasefire with Karen rebels signed - 17. Januar 2012: Burmas Präsident stoppt das Militär und stärkt Schutz von Minderheiten - 12 February 2012: Myanmar MPs tackle first budget in decades - Burmese by-elections 1 April 2012 - 1 April: Voting under way for 45 seats in parliament, with pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi among those standing - 2 avril: L'opposante Aung San Suu Kyi élue députée, selon la Ligue nationale pour la démocratie gagnant 43 sièges sur 44 - 2 April: Pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi says she hopes Sunday's by-elections marked the start of a new era in Burma - 16 juin 2012: Aung San Suu Kyi reçoit son Prix Nobel de la Paix 1991 à Oslo - 20 August: Burma ends media censorship - 7 September: Myanmar appoints first female Cabinet minister - 17 September: Burma has released more than 500 prisoners, including some of the country's remaining political detainees and a number of foreigners - 30 September: Thein Sein 'would accept Suu Kyi as president' - 29 November 2012: Riot police fired water cannon to disperse people near the central town of Monywa protesting against the expansion of a copper mine jointly owned by the Burmese military and Chinese arms manufacturer Norinco - 30 November: Opposition leader Suu Kyi criticises police behind crackdown on mine protest that injured dozens, including Buddhist monks - 2 December 2012: Police apologise for mine crackdown as government forms commission to be headed by Aung San Suu Kyi to investigate raid
November/December 2014 Burmese by-elections: Cancelled Burmese by-elections November/December 2014
February 2021 Myanmar coup d'état: 1 February 2021 Myanmar coup d'état
5 February 2021 resistance against military coup continues: 5 février 2021: La contestation s’intensifie, l’armée durcit sa répression
13 February 2021 anger over arrests in Myanmar at anti-coup protests: 13 February 2021: Anger over arrests in Myanmar at anti-coup protests
28 March 2021 troops open fire at funeral as Myanmar mourns bloodiest day since coup: 28 March 2021: Myanmar regime forces opened fire on mourners gathered for the funeral of one of the 114 people killed the previous day, the bloodiest day of protests since the military coup on 1 February, as there were no immediate reports of casualties at the funeral in the town of Bago near Yangon, according to 3 people who spoke to Reuters, as UN special rapporteur for Myanmar said the army was carrying out 'mass murder' and called on the world to isolate the junta and halt its access to weapons - 28 March 2021: At least 114 civilians were killed on the day, according to news portal Myanmar Now, taking the overall number of those reported killed since the coup to more than 440, as fear turns to fury in Myanmar as children shot by military
6 April 2021 wanted lists published as junta extends crackdown targeting citizens over support for anti-coup protests: 6 April 2021: Wanted lists published in Myanmar as junta extends crackdown and citizens targeted over support for anti-coup protesters
5 June 2021 Myanmar military forces kill villagers in delta region according to media report: 5 June 2021: Myanmar military forces clash with villagers in delta region, media report 20 dead people
9 June 2021 Thai border network helps people flee Myanmar military crackdown: 9 June 2021: Thai border network helps people flee Myanmar military crackdown
25 December 2021 more than 30 people, including children, killed by military and their bodies burned: 25 December 2021: More than 30 people, including children, have been killed and their bodies burned in Myanmar’s conflict-torn Kayah state, local resident, media and local human rights group reported, as Karen Human Rights Group said it found the bodies of internally displaced people killed by Myanmar's military - again ruling since February - near the village of Moso, Hpruso town, on Saturday
5 January 2022 junta capitalizes on poor international resolve to step up savagery: 5 January 2022: Junta capitalizes on poor international resolve to step up savagery, Altsean Burma says
1 February 2022 deadly battles tipped Myanmar into civil war new data suggests: 1 February 2022: Myanmar is seeing increasingly deadly battles between its military and organised groups of armed civilians, as many of those fighting the military are young people who have put their lives on hold since the junta seized power a year ago, and as the intensity and extent of the violence - and the co-ordination of the opposition attacks - point to a change in the conflict from an uprising to a civil war, new data suggests and 'BBC' reports - 1 February 2022: A year under military rule in numbers, as 'The Guardian' reports the death of more than 1,400 civilians, thousands displaced and an economy on the brink of collapse - 28 January 2022: One year into the coup, UN's Michelle Bachelet urges governments and businesses to heed voices of the people, intensify pressure on the military in Myanmar


Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Burma: Burmese society - Human rights in Burma
Administrative divisions of Burma - regions, states, districts and cities of Burma: Administrative divisions of Burma - regions and states of Burma - Districts of Burmahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cities_and_largest_towns_in_Myanmar
Ports and harbours of Myanmar: Ports and harbours of Myanmar
Yangon in the 21st century: Yangon in the 21st century
1 February 2022 Myanmar sees anti-junta protests on coup anniversary despite crackdown: 1 February 2022: Myanmar sees anti-junta protests on coup anniversary despite crackdown, 'reuters' reports
Since 2002-2012 history and timeline of Naypyidaw city: History of Naypyidaw city, as construction started in 2002 and was completed by 2012
Economy and education of Mandalay: Economy and education of Mandalay
Mass media in Mandalay: Mass media in Mandalay
History and timeline of Mandalay: History and timeline of Mandalay
1852-1853 Second Anglo-Burmese War, 1853-1859 new royal palace, 1964 royal regalia returned: 1852-1853 Second Anglo-Burmese War, the second of the three wars fought between the Burmese Empire and British Empire during the 19th century, resulting in a British victory with more Burmese territory being annexed to the 'Company Ray'. After the disastrous this second Anglo-Burmese War, the shrunken Burmese kingdom had few resources to build a new ostentatious palace. The former royal palace of Amarapura was dismantled and moved by elephants to the new location at the foot of Mandalay Hill. The construction of the palace compound was officially completed in May 1859. The British invaded and ransacked the palace and burned down the royal library. The royal regalia of Burma were removed as military booty and displayed in the South Kensington Museum in London. In 1964 they were returned to Burma as a gesture of goodwill. The British renamed the palace compound Fort Dufferin and used it to billet troops. During World War II, the palace citadel was turned into a supply depot by the Japanese and was burnt to the ground by Allied bombing.
Since 1948 contemporary Mandalay history: Since 1948 contemporary Mandalay history


2012 Rakhine state riots: 2012 Rakhine state riots
Since 2016 Northern Rakhine State clashes: Since 2016 Northern Rakhine State clashes
Demographics and ethnic groups in Burma: Demographics of Burma - Ethnic groups in Burma
Culture of Burma and languages in Burma: Culture of Burma - Languages of Burma
Religion and freedom of religion in Burma: Religion in Burma/Myanmar - Freedom of religion in Burma
Polygamy in Myanmar: Gender in Myanmar: Gender in Myanmar
Children and youth in Myanmar: Children in Myanmar - Youth in Myanmar
Education in Burma: Education in Burma
Health in Myanmar: Health in Myanmar
1 November 2020 53,405 covid-19 cases in Myanmar and 1,258 deaths: 1 November 2020: 53,405 covid-19 cases in Myanmar and 1,258 deaths
Maternal and child health in Myanmar: Maternal and child health- and healthcare in Myanmar
Hospitals in Myanmar: Hospitals in Myanmar
Media of Burma: Media of Burma
Freedom of the press, of speech, polical freedom and censorship in Myanmar: Freedom of the press, of speech and polical freedom in Myanmar - Censorship in Burma
Newspapers in Burma: Newspapers in Burma
Broadcasting in Myanmar: Radio in Myanmar
Television in Myanmar: Television in Myanmar
1 February 2022 'Myanmar Now' reviews key events of first year since 2021 military coup: 1 February 2022: 'Myanmar Now' reviews key events of the first year of a new struggle to end Myanmar’s long history of oppression
Freedom of religion, conflicts, violence and repression in Burma: Freedom of religion in Burma - Religion in Burma/Myanmar
2012 Rakhine state riots: 2012 Rakhine state riots - 10 June 2012: Violence involving Buddhists and Muslims has left 17 people dead and hundreds of properties damaged in the western state of Rakhine - 11 June: Curfew imposed in Rakhine following clashes between Buddhists and Muslims - 13 June: UN envoy visiting Rakhine state - 18 August: Burma sets up a commission to investigate recent violence between Buddhists and Muslims in the west of the country - 25 October: New wave of sectarian violence in western Myanmar leaves five people dead and dozens injured, triggering another exodus of Muslims to emergency camps - 28 October: More than 22.000 people have been displaced in Rakhine state, surging towards already overcrowded camps after new communal violence that has left dozens dead - 30 October: Fear, mistrust grip Myanmar's volatile Rakhine region - one Buddhist was shot dead and another wounded when security forces opened fire in Kyauknimaw
2013: 2013 Myanmar anti-Muslim riots, a series of conflicts in various cities throughout central and eastern Myanmar - 22 March 2013: Two days of clashes between Buddhists and Muslims in Meikhtila town leave at least 20 people dead - 23 March: Army patrols central city of Meikhtila where several days of clashes between Buddhists and Muslims left dozens of people dead and scores of buildings in flames - 24 March: Dozens of houses and a mosque have been torched as communal violence spread again in central Myanmar - 22 April: Myanmar accused of 'ethnic cleansing' - 22 April 2013: Video shows police standing by while Buddhist rioters attack minority Muslims in the town of Meiktila - 22 April 2013: Ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity committed against Myanmar's ethnic Rohingya people, according to a report by Human Rights Watch - 1 May: Buddhists hurling bricks overran a pair of mosques and set hundreds of homes ablaze in central Myanmar, injuring at least 10 people - 25 May: Two-child limit for Muslims in parts of Myanmar
August-December 2017: 24 August 2917: Excessive force won’t solve Myanmar’s Rohingya crisis, according to international commission appointed by Aung San Suu Kyi - 25 August 2017: At least 71 people, including 12 members of the security forces, have been killed in Myanmar’s northern Rakhine state after Rohingya militants attacked border police, ushering in the bloodiest day of fighting since conflict broke out last year - 27 August 2017: Death toll rises as clashes between army and Rohingya continue for third day, while thousands flee across border to Bangladesh - 31 August 2017: Tens of thousands of Rohingya Muslims make desperate attempts to flee the worst violence in at least five years, as monitors say fleeing Rohingya report that the army and Buddhist vigilantes have unleashed a campaign of arson aimed at driving the Muslim population out - 4 September 2017: Myanmar blocks all UN aid to civilians at heart of Rohingya crisis - 6 September 2017: Aung San Suu Kyi silent on Rohingya, blasting 'iceberg of misinformation' aimed at aiding 'terrorists', as Muslim countries and the UN chief are all pressuring to act amid rising violence - 8 September 2017: Nobel laureate Desmond Tutu has called on Aung San Suu Kyi to end the violence against her country’s Rohingya Muslim minority - 13 September 2017: Myanmar's government says 40% of Rohingya villages targeted by army are now empty - 14 September 2017: New footage and satellite evidence reveals scorched-earth campaign against Rohingya - 17 September 2017: Fresh fears for newborn babies as Rohingyas’ plight worsens - 18 September 2017: Thousands of Rohingya Muslims in violence-racked northwest Myanmar are pleading with authorities for safe passage from two remote villages that are cut off by hostile Buddhists and running short of food - 25 September 2017: Evidence of rape among Rohingya women fleeing Myanmar military, UN medics say, as nearly 430,000 Rohingya flee campaign of violence - 11 October 2017: Bangladeshi hospital's 'Rohingya wing' overwhelmed as refugees keep coming - 16 octobre 2017: Au moins cinq personnes sont mortes et des dizaines sont portées disparues après le naufrage d'un bateau transportant des Rohingyas fuyant la Birmanie vers le Bangladesh - 17 October 2017: UN released aerial footage showing thousands of Rohingya Muslims after they crossed the Naf river into Bangladesh, joining at least 536,000 Rohingya Muslims who have fled Myanmar since Augus - 20 October 2017: More than 300,000 Rohingya refugee children 'outcast and desperate', Unicef says - 2 November 2017: Aung San Suu Kyi makes first visit to site of anti-Rohingya violence, that has been almost emptied of its Rohingya Muslim population fleeing army attacks, meeting remaining Rohingya residents - 10 November 2017: 'Rampant malnutrition’ reported following Rohingya exodus from Myanmar to Bangladesh as agencies warn shocking new figures may be tip of the iceberg - 16 November 2017: Widespread and systematic attacks on civilians by Myanmar security forces documented by rights groups including Human Rights Watch - 14 décembre 2017: Au moins 6700 Rohingyas, dont 730 enfants, tués en un mois, selon MSF - 18 December 2017: Satellite images show that dozens of Rohingya villages were burned the week Myanmar signed an agreement with Bangladesh to repatriate hundreds of thousands of refugees, according to Human Rights Watch
January-April 2018: 10 January 2018: Tens of thousands of Rohingya children have been left 'trapped and almost forgotten' in remote, squalid camps and isolated villages in Myanmar’s Rakhine state, according to UN - 11 January 2018: Myanmar’s military has admitted that its soldiers murdered 10 captured Rohingya who it claims were 'terrorists' during insurgent attacks at the beginning of September 2017, after local Buddhist villagers had forced the men into a grave they had dug - 17 January 2018: UN chief and rights groups raise concerns over Rohingya deal - 1 February 2018: Report confirms Myanmar massacre of Rohingya and 5 mass graves, as government continues to deny such killings ever happened - 29 April 2018: UN security council delegation overwhelmed by suffering at Rohingya camps, hearing pleas for action by the UN and involvement of the international criminal court
Crime in Burma: Crime in Burma
War crimes in Burma: War crimes in Burma
Terrorism in Burma: Terrorism in Burma
Corruption in Myanmar: Corruption in Myanmar
Human trafficking in Burma: Human trafficking in Burma
Illegal logging in Burma: Illegal logging in Burma
Illegal drug trade in Burma: Illegal drug trade in Burma
Judiciary of Myanmar: Judiciary of Myanmar
Since 2011 Constitutional Tribunal of Myanmar: Since 2011 Constitutional Tribunal of Myanmar
Since 2011 Supreme Court of Myanmar: Since 2011 Supreme Court of Myanmar
Myanmar Police Force: Myanmar Police Force
Foreign relations of Burma: Foreign relations of Burma
Treaties of Myanmar: Treaties of Myanmar
Membership of Myanmar in international organisations:
2017: 14 March 2017: UN special rapporteur on human rights Yanghee Lee calls for investigation into rights abuses following bloody crackdown against the Muslim minority, saying that a full purge could be the ultimate goal of the institutional persecution and horrific violence being perpetrated against the Rohingya - 19 May 2017: Myanmar failing to stop spread of religious violence, UN envoy says - 18 July 2017: Fears grow of terminal decline in Burma-UN relations as top UN official is denied access to area at centre of alleged human rights abuses and stonewalled by government - 13 September 2017: Aung San Suu Kyi to miss UN general assembly later this month amid criticism over Rohingya crisis - 20 décembre 2017: La rapporteuse spéciale de l'ONU sur les droits humains en Birmanie Yanghee Lee a annoncé que les autorités birmanes l'avaient interdite d'accès dans le pays et qu'elles ne coopéreraient pas avec elle
Since 1995 Southeast Asian Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty: Since 1995 Southeast Asian Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty SEANWFZ
Bilateral relations of Myanmar: Bilateral relations of Myanmar
Myanmar (Burma)/Australia relations: Myanmar (Burma)/Australia relations
Burma (Myanmar)/Bangladesh relations: Burma/Bangladesh relations
Burma/Canada relations: Burma/Canada relations
18 February 2021 Canada imposes sanctions on Myanmar military officials in response to coup d’état: 18 February 2021: Canada imposes sanctions on Myanmar military officials in response to coup d’état
Burma (Myanmar)/Germany relations: Myanmar/Germany relations
Burma (Myanmar)/Russia relations: Burma/Russia relations
Burma (Myanmar)/Thailand relations: Burma/Thailand relations
May 2015 fears up to 6,000 asylum seekers are trapped at sea: 12 May 2015: Fears up to 6,000 asylum seekers are trapped at sea off south-east Asia
Burma (Myanmar)/United Kingdom relations: Burma/United Kingdom relations
1824-1948 British rule in Burma: British rule in Burma lasted from 1824 to 1948
Landforms and ecoregions in Myanmar: Landforms of Myanmar - List of ecoregions in Myanmar
Forests and forestry in Myanmar: Forests of Myanmar - Forestry in Myanmar
Deforestation in Myanmar: Deforestation in Myanmar
Northeast India–Myanmar pine forests: Northeast India–Myanmar pine forests
Northern Triangle subtropical forests: Northern Triangle subtropical forests
Biota of Myanmar: Biota of Myanmar
Ecology of the Irrawaddy river basin: Ecology of the Irrawaddy river basin
Thanlwin (Salween) Southeast Asian river: Thanlwin (Salween) Southeast Asian river, flowing from the Tibetan Plateau south into the Andaman Sea, as the Salween flows primarily within southwest China and eastern Myanmar (Burma) with a short section forming the border of Burma and Thailand, running swiftly through rugged mountain canyons (despite the river's great length, only the last 90 km are navigable), as due to its great range of elevation and latitude coupled with geographic isolation, the Salween basin is considered one of the most ecologically diverse regions in the world, containing an estimated 25% of the world's terrestrial animal species and thousands of plant species, as - along its course - the Salween provides water for agriculture and supports abundant fisheries, especially in the delta region, as the Salween basin is home to numerous ethnic minority groups, whose ancestors largely originated in the Tibetan Plateau and northwest China, the - starting about 5,000 years ago - people began migrating south along the river, establishing small kingdoms and city-states
Deforestation in Myanmar: Deforestation in Myanmar
Natural disasters in Burma: Natural disasters in Burma
Tropical cyclones in Burma: Tropical cyclones in Burma
2008 Cyclone Nargis: Cyclone Nargis 2008
May 2013 Cyclone Mahasen: Cyclone Mahasen May 2013
May 2023 Cyclone Mocha : Cyclone Mocha May 2023
Floods in Myanmar: Floods in Myanmar
Landslides in Myanmar: Landslides in Myanmar
November 2015 Hpakant jade mine disaster: November 2015 Hpakant jade mine disaster
Earthquakes in Burma: Earthquakes in Burma


Cambodia - Geography of Cambodia - History of Cambodia - Demographics of Cambodia
Mineral industry of Cambodia: Mineral industry of Cambodia
Natural resources of Cambodia and deforestation: Natural resources of Cambodia - Deforestation in Cambodia
Fish and fishing in Cambodia: Fish in Cambodia - Fishing in Cambodia
Since 2017/18 Lower Se San 2 Dam: The Lower Se San 2 Dam, a hydroelectric dam under development on the Se San River in Stung Treng Province in northeastern Cambodia. The Se San River is a major tributary of the Mekong River. The dam site is located 25 kilometres east of the provincial capital, also named Stung Treng. The first turbine began producing electricity in November 2017, officially opened on 18 December 2018 - Impact of Lower Se San 2 Dam, as according to the environmental impact assessment, the dam's reservoir is expected to inundate numerous villages upstream from the dam, which will force the relocation of many thousands of villagers, many of whom have lived on or near the banks of the Se San River for generations. Both upstream and downstream, the effects of the dam are expected to drastically reduce the fishery resources on which many thousands more villagers depend for food and income. The effects will likely be felt as far away as the Tonlé Sap Lake - 10 August 2021 'Underwater' - Human Rights Impacts of a China Belt and Road Project in Cambodia
Transport in Cambodia: Transport in Cambodia
Rail transport in Cambodia: Rail transport in Cambodia
Road transport in Cambodia: Road transport in Cambodia
Waterways and harbors in Cambodia: Waterways and harbors in Cambodia
Economic history of Cambodia and economic cycles: Since 1953 economic history of Cambodia after independence
Child labour in Cambodia: Child labour in Cambodia
Political parties in Cambodia: Political parties in Cambodia
Cambodian democracy movements: Cambodian democracy movements
Elections and politics in Cambodia: Elections in Cambodia
September 2013 Cambodian opposition rallies as final poll results loom: 7 September 2013: Cambodian opposition rallies as final poll results loom
2013-2014 Cambodian protests: 2013–2014 Cambodian protests
2013/2014 Cambodian garment workers’ strikes and protests: 28 May 2013: Cambodian police clash with thousands of mostly female garment workers, 23 hurt when police using stun batons moved in to end a protest over pay at a factory that makes clothing for US sportswear company Nike - 11 June: Hundreds of workers have been fired from the factory making sportswear for USA giant Nike following a series of protests over pay, unionists say denouncing the move as unacceptable and illegal - 6 septembre: Plus de 700 ouvriers du textile au Cambodge ont vu leur licenciement annulé dans une usine fournissant Gap et H&M, après la mobilisation de milliers de leurs collègues - 12 November 2013: More than 30 people were arrested after protests erupted and police, killing one woman and wounding eight people, tried to break up a strike by garment workers from a factory supplying H&M and Gap
List of cities and towns in Cambodia: List of cities and towns in Cambodia
Doun Penh Section: Doun Penh Section
Demographics and ethnic groups in Cambodia: Demographics of Cambodia - Ethnic groups in Cambodia
Youth and child labour in Cambodia: Youth in Cambodia - Child labour in Cambodia
Education in Cambodia: Education in Cambodia
Universities and colleges in Cambodia: Universities and colleges in Cambodia
Cambodian Landmine Museum: Cambodian Landmine Museum
Health in Cambodia: Health in Cambodia
Media of Cambodia: Media of Cambodia
Internet in Cambodia: Internet in Cambodia
Crime in Cambodia: Crime in Cambodia
Corruption in Cambodia: Corruption in Cambodia
Human trafficking in Cambodia: Human trafficking in Cambodia
Illegal logging in Cambodia: Illegal logging in Cambodia
Man-made disasters in Cambodia: Man-made disasters in Cambodia
June 2019 seven-storey building collapse: 22 June 2019: At least three people died when a seven-storey under-construction building owned by a Chinese company collapsed with workers inside in the beach town of Sihanoukville, amid fears dozens more were left trapped in the rubble, after Chinese investment has flooded in recent years, spurring a construction boom in the resort town known for its casinos, which pull in mainland tourists, and as there are around 50 Chinese-owned casinos and dozens of hotel complexes under construction - 24 June 2019: Two days after unfinished, seven-storey building in Sihanoukville collapsed, it emerged that three Chinese nationals and a local landowner involved in the construction had been detained while the incident was investigated, as toll in Cambodia building collapse rises to 24 and anger is growing over poor standards in construction boom that has transformed Sihanoukville into tourist and gambling hub
Judiciary of Cambodia: Judiciary of Cambodia
Cambodia's judicial branch and court system: Cambodia's judicial branch and court system
November 2020 trial and hearing of nearly 130 opponents and government critics: 26 November 2020: Cambodia's Phnom Penh municipal court has begun hearing the cases of nearly 130 opponents and government critics charged with treason for taking part in non-violent political activities over the past three years, in what one of them described as a sham trial, as most of those being tried by the court are former members or supporters of the Cambodia National Rescue Party,the sole opposition party in parliament, that had been expected to offer a strong challenge to PM Hun Sen’s ruling Cambodian People’s party in the 2018 general election - 26 November 2020: Cambodian court convened for the treason trial of more than 100 opposition figures deferred proceedings until January/March 2021, delaying a case widely condemned as a move by long-serving PM Hun Sen to decimate his political rivals, as just 34 appeared, with many in exile, convinced they would not get a fair hearing
Cambodia's Supreme Council of the Magistracy: Cambodia's Supreme Council of the Magistracy
November 2017 Supreme Court rules the dissolution of opposition party: 24 November 2017: Cambodia’s Supreme Court rules the dissolution of opposition party
Law enforcement in Cambodia: Law enforcement in Cambodia
Foreign relations of Cambodia: Foreign relations of Cambodia
Treaties of Cambodia: Treaties of Cambodia
1991 UN Advance Mission in Cambodia: 1991 UN Advance Mission in Cambodia
Since 1995 Southeast Asian Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty: Southeast Asian Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty since 1995
Bilateral relations of Cambodia: Bilateral relations of Cambodia
Cambodia/Bangladesh relations: Cambodia/Bangladesh relations
Cambodia/PR China relations: Cambodia/PR China relations
Cambodia/Laos relations: Cambodia/Laos relations
Cambodia/United Kingdom relations: Cambodia/United Kingdom relations
Cambodia/USA relations: Cambodia/USA relations
Since 1954 CIA activities in Cambodia: CIA activities in Cambodia since 1954
1969-1970 (1965-1973) covert USA bombing campaign in eastern Cambodia and Laos: Operation Menu - covert USA bombing campaign in eastern Cambodia and Laos 1969-1970 (1965-1973)
1970 Cambodian Campaign by the USA and its South Vietnamese client state: Cambodian Campaign 1970 by the USA and South Vietnam during the Vietnam War
Cambodia/Vietnam relations: Cambodia/Vietnam relations
Ecoregions in Cambodia: List of ecoregions in Cambodia
Water in Cambodia: Water in Cambodia
Deforestation in Cambodia: Deforestation in Cambodia
Natural disasters in Cambodia: Natural disasters in Cambodia
Typhoons in Cambodia: Typhoons in Cambodia
2011 Southeast Asian floods: 2011 Southeast Asian floods


Caucasus - Geography of the Caucasus - North Caucasus - South Caucasus - History of the Caucasus - Peoples of the Caucasus - Languages of the Caucasus
Politics of Chechnya: Politics of Chechnya
Politics of Kabardino-Balkaria: Politics of Kabardino-Balkaria
Politics of Krasnodar Krai: Politics of Krasnodar Krai
Politics of North Ossetia-Alania: Politics of North Ossetia-Alania
2011 South Ossetian referendum: South Ossetian referendum 11 September 2011
June 2014 South Ossetian parliamentary election: South Ossetian parliamentary election 8 June 2014
1918-1920 Georgian–Ossetian conflict: Georgian–Ossetian conflict 1918–1920
1991–1992 South Ossetia War: 1991–1992 South Ossetia War
2008 Russo-Georgian diplomatic crisis and August 2008 Russo-Georgian War: 2008 Russo-Georgian diplomatic crisis - August 2008 Russo-Georgian War


People's Republic of China (PRC) - Geography of the PRC - History of China - Demographics of the PRC
Machinery manufacturing in China: Machinery manufacturing
Automotive industry in China: Automotive industry in China
Military industry in the PRC: Military industry of the PRC - Weapons of the PRC
May 2014 European countries approved billions in transfers of weapons and military-ready technology to China: 1 May 2014: European countries have approved billions in transfers of weapons and military-ready technology to China, AFP investigation shows
March 2018 China's out-of-control Tiangong-1 space station will crash to Earth: 30 March 2018: China's out-of-control Tiangong-1 space station will crash to Earth this weekend
4 November 2022 Spanish airspace partially closed as Chinese rocket debris falls to Earth: 4 November 2022: A hefty chunk of the massive Long March CZ-5B rocket used to deliver the third module of China’s Tiangong space station has fallen back to Earth uncontrolled, triggering the closure of some of Spain’s airspace and leading to hundreds of flight delays, after a large part of the rocket broke up as it re-entered the Earth’s atmosphere over the south-central Pacific ocean at 10.01 UTC, according to European and USA space authorities. On its first deployment, fragments of the CZ-5B rocket landed on Ivory Coast, damaging several buildings in the west African nation, though no injuries were reported. Debris from the second flight landed harmlessly in the Indian Ocean, while remnants from the third fell into the Sulu Sea in the Philippines.
Energy policy of the PRC and coal power: Energy policy of the PRC - Coal power in the PRC
27 February 2023 China approves biggest expansion in new coal power plants since 2015, report finds: 27 February 2023: China approves biggest expansion in new coal power, 50GW of coal power capacity went into construction across the country
Nuclear power in China: Nuclear power in China
Renewable energy in China: Renewable energy in China
2013: 23 January 2013: Coal mine blast kills ten, three missing in Guizhou province's Liupanshui city - 13 March: 21 miners on Tuesday killed and four others missing after a coal and gas outburst at the Machang coal mine in Guizhou Province - 29/30 March 2013: After a landslide buried 83 people in Tibet's Lhasa Maizhokunggar county gold mine area, working for a subsidiary of the state-owned China National Gold Group Corp., search continues for trapped miners - 30 March: At least 28 people are killed in an explosion in state-owned Babao Coal Mine in the city of Baishan in Jilin province - 11 May 2013: An explosion at a coal mine in Guizhou province has killed 12 miners and injured two others - 12 May: An explosion at a coal mine in China's south-west Sichuan province has killed at least 27 people - 13 December: A blast at the Baiyanggou coal mine in the Xinjiang province killed 21 people
24 January 2021 11 workers rescued after two weeks underground: 24 January 2021: 11 workers rescued after two weeks underground in Shandong Qixia mine accident
Soil contamination in China and ecosystem effects: Soil contamination in China and ecosystem effects
Peach production in China: Peach production in China
Since 2004 Chinese Animal Protection Network: Since 2004 Chinese Animal Protection Network
25 November 2022 China’s 26-storey pig skyscraper ready to slaughter 1 million pigs a year: 25 November 2022: On the southern outskirts of Ezhou city in central China’s Hubei province, a giant apartment-style building overlooks the main road. At 26 storeys it is by far the biggest single-building pig farm in the world, with a capacity to slaughter 1.2 million pigs a year, China’s answer to its insatiable demand for pork, the most popular animal protein in the country. The new skyscraper-sized farm began production at the start of October when the company behind the facility - Hubei Zhongxin Kaiwei Modern Farming - admitted its first 3,700 sows into the farm. Zhongxin Kaiwei is a newcomer to the pig sector and farming. It started out as a cement investor, with multiple cement factories in provinces such as Hubei and Henan. One of them, Hubei Xinshiji Cement, is next to the new pig farm.
Animals used for food in China: Animals used for food in China
Dairy farming in China: Dairy farming in China
Fishing industry and aquaculture in China: Fishing industry in China - Aquaculture in China
Rivers of China: Rivers of China
Tributaries of the Yangtze River: Tributaries of the Yangtze River
Road transport in China: Road transport in China - Roads in China
Road bridges in China: Road bridges in China
Cycling in China: Cycling in China
August 2012 Shaanxi bus–tanker crash: August 2012 Shaanxi bus–tanker crash
June 2013 Xiamen bus fire: June 2013 Xiamen bus fire
July 2015 Ji'an bus accident: July 2015 Ji'an bus accident
2018 Chongqing bus crash and Lanzhou toll accident: October 2018 Chongqing bus crash - November 2018 Lanzhou toll accident
Maritime incidents in China: Maritime incidents in China
Ports and harbours in China: List of ports and harbours in China
Aviation in China: Aviation in China
Ports and harbours in China: Aviation accidents and incidents in China
Since 1980 China's GDP: Since 1980 China's GDP
2005-2011 Chinese property bubble: Chinese property bubble 2005–2011
2015 economy struggles with falling demand and property market: 1 January 2015: Activity in factories and workshops is close to contraction, official index shows, as sector struggles with falling demand and struggling property market - 9 July 2015: In bid to halt a plunge in stock prices that is starting to roil global financial markets, China bans major shareholders from selling their stakes for next six months - 24 August: Chinese stock market suffers biggest fall since 2007, sparking pressure on global markets - 25 August: China's stock market slumps by 7.6%, stock markets in the region again hit by wild fluctuations - 26 August: China's central bank PBOC has cut the one-year lending rate to 4.6%, the one-year deposit rate to 1.75% also lowering the Reserve Requirement Ratio, but cuts fail to calm nerves with Asian markets in volatile mood
22 August 2022 China’s economy is losing momentum: 22 August 2022: China’s economy is losing momentum
Disasters and industrial disasters, explosions in the PRC: - Disasters in the PRC - Explosions in China - List of coal mining accidents in the PRC, accidents and deaths
2000 Pingxiang steel plant explosion: 2000 Pingxiang steel plant explosion
2008 Guangxi chemical plant explosions: 26 August 2008 Guangxi chemical plant explosions
August 2015 Tianjin explosion: 12 August 2015 Tianjin explosion - 13 August 2015: At least 44 people killed, including 12 firefighters, and some 520 people injured as two huge blasts rock the Chinese port city of Tianjin, a major base for petrochemicals, refining and other industries - 14 August: After the devastating Tianjin explosions on Wednesday, thousands seek refuge as death toll reaches 55 and as fires continue to burn on Friday morning - 14 August: Questions even in Chinese media rise about why people were allowed to live so close to dangerous industrial zones, as regime orders nationwide checks on dangerous chemicals - 15 August: Highly poisonous sodium cyanide is found at port of Tianjin, as official death toll climbs to 85, according to local media - 16 August: Hundreds of tons of highly poisonous cyanide stored at the warehouse devastated by two giant explosions in Tianjin which killed 112, Chinese military admits in first official comment, as nearly 100 people remain missing, including 85 firefighters - 17 August: Fears over cyanide pollution in Tianjin as Chinese media lambasts officials and as protests broke out over the weekend with displaced families and relatives of missing firefighters taking to the streets to demand answers - 18 August: Company at centre of last week’s Tianjin explosions worked with hazardous materials despite lacking a licence until weeks before blasts, state-run news agency says - 21 August: Chinese authorities investigate mass fish death near Tianjin explosion site - 27 August 2015: Chinese authorities detain 12 over Tianjin blasts that killed 139 people and accuse 11 officials and port executives of suspected dereliction of duty or abuse of power
Slavery in China: Slavery in China
Housing in China: Housing in China


Military barracks in China: Military barracks in China - 'Tianwendian' Chinese border outpost - at an elevation of 5243 meters above sea level but no ski resort in China still ruled by Xi's CCP in the 21st century - in the disputed Aksai Chin region controlled by China in the Chip Chap River valley, close to the 'Line of Actual Control' with India
4 June 2014 regime's troops laughed as they shot randomly at pro-democracy protesters in Tiananmen Square 1989: 4 June 2014: Regime's troops laughed as they shot randomly at pro-democracy protesters in Tiananmen Square 1989, documents show
List of Chinese military accidents since 1980s: List of Chinese military accidents since 1980s
Military budget of the PRC: Military budget of the PRC
Financial system, taxation and budget in China: Chinese financial system - Taxation in China - State Administration of Taxation
Communist Party of China: Communist Party of China (CPC)
January 2019 Beijing regime's China model for controlling what people in Africa and Asia can say and do online: 2 January 2019: As citizens of the D.R. of the Congo DRC pointlessly refresh their web browsers this week, they are getting a preview of just what Chinese-crafted cyberspace rules look like. The DRC on Monday became the latest country to cut its people off from the internet, as voters await the results of this weekend's highly-contested presidential election, after internet and social media shutdowns have become more and more common across Africa and Asia in recent years, particularly as authoritarian governments look to China as the model for controlling what people can say and do online - Since 2009 usage of Internet 'kill switch' in Beijing regime's China, in the area of Iran's Mullah regime, and more countries<
Spring 1848 until May 1849 'New Rhenish Newspaper - Organ of Democracy', editor Karl Marx: 1848/1849 'New Rhenish Newspaper. Organ of Democracy', a German daily newspaper published by Karl Marx in Cologne and recognised by historians as one of the most important dailies of the Revolutions of 1848 in Germany. The paper was regarded by its editors and readers as the successor of an earlier Cologne newspaper, the 'Rhenish Newspaper' since 1841, also edited for a time by Karl Marx, which had been suppressed by state censorship over five years earlier - Am 19. Mai 1849 stellte die Neue Rheinische Zeitung nach 301 Ausgaben ihr Erscheinen ein, nachdem die letzten Aufstände der Märzrevolution von Preußen im Rheinland niedergeschlagen worden waren. Marx ging erneut ins Exil, diesmal nach London, wo er im Wesentlichen bis zu seinem Lebensende 1883 blieb und sein 3-bändiges Hauptwerk Das Kapital verfasste. Er blieb weiterhin politisch aktiv und hatte großen Einfluss auf die sich entwickelnde Arbeiterbewegung und ihre politischen demokratischen Parteien. Auf seine Initiative hin wurde 1864 die 12 Jahre bestehende 'Internationale Arbeiterassoziation' gegründet.
March 2021 '13th National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China': 5 March to 11 March 2021 'Fourth Plenary Session of the 13th National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China' (concurrently with the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference CPPCC) was held at the 'Great Hall of the People in Beijing', as due to the ongoing covid-19 pandemic since December 2019, the Congress was mostly held in camera with journalists prohibited from attending - The humans 'selbst fangen an, sich von den Tieren zu unterscheiden, sobald sie anfangen, ihre Lebensmittel zu produzieren, ein Schritt, der durch ihre körperliche Organisation bedingt ist. Indem die Menschen ihre Lebensmittel produzieren, produzieren sie indirekt ihr materielles Leben selbst', 'die Sprache ist das praktische, auch für andre Menschen existierende, also auch für mich selbst erst existierende wirkliche Bewußtsein, ... das Tier verhält sich zu Nichts und überhaupt nicht', 'der Kommunismus ist für uns nicht ein Zustand, der hergestellt werden soll, ein Ideal, wonach die Wirklichkeit sich zu richten haben [wird]. Wir nennen Kommunismus die wirkliche Bewegung, welche den jetzigen Zustand aufhebt
28 December 2021 'articial intelligence' seen by the CCP as a 'game-changing' critical strategic technology: 28 December 2021: So-called 'Articial Intelligence' AI in particular seen by the CCP as a 'game-changing' critical strategic technology, after Xi Jinping outlined in his work report to the 19th Party Congress in October 2017, the PLA must 'accelerate the development of military intelligentization, [and] improve joint operations capabilities and all-domain combat capabilities based on network information systems” - June 2022 'Third International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Information Processing and Cloud Computing AIIPCC2022' will be held in Kunming in China, as emergence and development of cloud computing technology is of great significance to the innovation and development of electronic information technology, which enables electronic information technology to play a role in many fields
Government of the PRC: Government of the PRC
31 January 2020 a man who died in the street shows Beijing regime's coronavirus crisis: 31 January 2020: An image of a man who died in the street captures Beijing regime's coronavirus crisis
16 February 2020 regime's Xi aware of potential danger of coronavirus weeks before sounding alarm: 16 February 2020: Beijing regime's Xi aware of potential danger of coronavirus weeks before sounding alarm
25 June 2020 facing Beijing's threats Hong Kong protesters flee to Taiwan: 25 June 2020: Hong Kong protesters flee to Taiwan to continue China resistance
Since 2 November 2021 Peng Shuai accused high-ranking member of the CCP Zhang Gaoli of sexual assault: 2 November 2021, Chinese professional tennis playe Peng Shuai posted a lengthy message on her verified microblog account, accusing former senior Chinese vice premier and high-ranking member of the Chinese CCP Zhang Gaoli of sexual assault three years earlier. Peng said that Zhang had an on-off extramarital affair with her, the first time a member of the top echelons of the CCP faced such sexual misconduct allegations in public. UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Liz Throssell called on Beijing regime to provide proof of her whereabouts and wellbeing, urging for an investigation with full transparency into her sexual assault allegations. USA's Press Secretary Jen Psaki expressed deep concern on Peng's disappearance.
7 December 2022 China is rolling back but PCR tests are still required to enter many place: 7 December 2022: In the strongest sign so far that China is rolling back on its long-running zero-Covid policy, the national health commission said on that people with covid-19 who have mild or no symptoms can quarantine at home. The directive also instructed officials to halt temporary lockdowns and ended testing and health code requirements for people entering Beijing. This is a significant step in China’s iron-fisted 'war' against the covid-19 pandemic since 2020. But although officials have further eased restrictions and stopped using the term 'dynamic zero-Covid' in their public speeches, many people in China are reporting that restrictions still remain in many places. Experts say it is a process that will likely take several months.
17 February 2023 Beijing regime claims ‘decisive victory’ over covid-19 pandemic - one of the deadliest in history - caused by itself: 17 February 2023: Beijing regime claims ‘decisive victory’ over Covid amid doubt over figures amid doubt over figures - Covid-19, an ongoing global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS-CoV-2 first identified in an outbreak in China's Wuhan city of Wuhan in December 2019. Attempts to contain it were prevented by the Beijing regime, allowing the virus to spread to other areas of Asia and later worldwide. The WHO declared the outbreak a public health emergency of international concern on 30 January 2020, and a pandemic on 11 March 2020. As of 15 February 2023, the pandemic had caused more than 673 million cases and 6.85 million confirmed deaths, making it one of the deadliest in history - 26 January 2020: Published in 'The Lancet', infectious disease specialist at Georgetown University Daniel Lucey said the first human covid-19 infections must have occurred in November 2019 - if not earlier - because there is an incubation time between infection and symptoms surfacing.
Crackdown on dissidents and activists in the PRC: Detained and jailed activists, people - and dissidents since 1989
November 2012: 19 November: At least two activists died in custody before or during China's Communist Party congress and tens of thousands had their movements restricted, rights groups say
2017: 8 May 2017: China puts leading human rights lawyer Xie Yang on trial for 'inciting subversion', after his lawyers earlier this year released an explosive account of the torture sessions they claimed their client had suffered during his time in custody - 31 May 2017: An activist investigating working conditions at a supplier for Ivanka Trump’s brand in China has been detained and two other activists missing since Sunday, New York-based 'China Labor Watch' NGO says, putting another spotlight on Chinese business activities linked to the USA presidential family - 13/14 July 2017: Liu Xiaobo, who championed non-violent resistance as a way of overcoming 'forceful tyranny', and who had been serving an 11-year jail sentence for demanding an end to one-party rule, dies at 61 in custody of liver cancer, after spending almost a quarter of his life behind bars, making him the second Nobel peace prize winner who died in custody after German pacifist Carl von Ossietzky, the 1935 recipient, died under Nazi surveillance, as Human Rights activists pour scorn on Donald Trump for showering China’s president Xi Jinping with praise, invited by France's Macron to attend Bastille Day celebration and military parade - 14 July 2017: The international community must honour the dying wish of Nobel laureate Liu Xiaobo by taking immediate steps to protect his wife, the poet Liu Xia, who has endured years of government persecution, friends and supporters say - 20 October 2017: UN demands that China should immediately release prominent human rights activists from detention and pay them compensation, according to an unreleased document - 26 décembre 2017: Pour avoir dénoncé le gouvernement chinois sur internet, Wu Gan a écopé de huit ans d'emprisonnement par un tribunal de la ville de Tianjin
Social movements, protests and repression in China: Protests in the PRC - Political repression in China
Hong Kong 1 July marches since 1997: Hong Kong 1 July marches since 1997
July 2012: 2 July: Protests in Hong Kong amid swearing-in of Chief Executive - 1 July 2012 – 3 July 2012 Shifang protest - 3 July: Chinese officials have halted the construction of a copper alloy plant in Shifang city, Sichuan province, following protests by local residents - 28 July 2012: Qidong protests ended after the government promised to suspend a proposed waste water pipeline project - 23 July: Nearly nine million users of China's popular microblog express outrage at government after Beijing floods leave 37 people dead - 26. Juli 2012: China hat zum ersten Mal Demonstranten in Hongkong bestraft, die in der Sonderverwaltungszone gegen die chinesische Führung protestiert hatten - 1x Protestieren = 14 Monate Arbeitslager - 28 July: A local government in eastern China drops plans for a water-discharge project after thousands of residents protested and clashed with police over pollution concerns - 30 July: Hong Kong protests China 'patriotism' classes
January 2013: 1 January: Tens of thousands of protesters have marched on Hong Kong streets, demanding greater democracy and the resignation of the city's embattled leader - 4 January: Journalists at major Chinese newspaper 'Southern Weekly' have called for a propaganda chief to resign, in a rare protest against censorship - 7 January 2013: Journalists at major Chinese newspaper 'Southern Weekly' have gone on strike in a rare protest against censorship in the Guangdong province - 10 January: 'Southern Weekly', at the centre of anti-censorship protests, appeared on newsstands in Beijing and Shanghai on Thursday as usual, but not its home city Guangzhou - 20 January: Dejected over his failure to obtain overdue wages, a man killed himself by triggering explosives attached to his body in China's Guangzhou province - 23 January: Hundreds of factory workers at Shanghai Shinmei Electric Company angry over two-minute bathroom breaks and fines for starting work late held their Japanese and Chinese managers hostage for a day and a half before police broke up the strike
January-March 2014: 2 January: Thousands rally on New Year's Day for Hong Kong democracy, demanding a greater say in choosing their future leaders - 16 February: Runners in Hong Kong's annual street marathon voice support for press freedom - 25 February: Li Guixin in the smoggy northern city of Shijiazhuang the first person in the country to sue the government for failing to curb air pollution - 26 February: Ex-chief editor of the Ming Pao daily Kevin Lau Chun-to in critical condition after being attacked in street days after thousands march for press freedom - 28 February: Journalists held vigils condemning the violence, as news editor Kevin Lau is improving - 7 March: Chinese IBM workers strike amid Lenovo sale unrest - 25 March: Relatives of lost passengers flight MH370 protest in Beijing, accusing Malaysia of 'delays and deception' a day after it confirmed the plane crashed, and clash with police
April 2014: 16 April: Tens of thousands of workers on strike at the Yue Yuen Industrial factory in Dongguan which makes shoes for Nike and Adidas - 22 April: Staff at factory in Jiangxi join industrial action in which up to 30,000 workers are striking in neighbouring Guangdong to protest against unfair pay and benefits - 23 April: Chinese activist Zhang Zhiru thought to have been detained by security services over role in Yue Yuen walkout, goes missing after helping to organise shoe factory strike - 25 April: China has ordered owners of a huge Taiwan-backed shoe factory to address striking workers' grievances about unpaid social security - 28 April: After small concessions, scores of strikers were detained by police and employees at factory making shoes for Nike, Adidas and others returned to work
2016: 4 January 2016: Pro-democracy activist Agnes Chow in Hong Kong has released a video, attacking Beijing regime’s campaign of 'political suppression' following the disappearances of five booksellers - 1 June 2016: In an open letter, families of those killed during the 1989 Tiananmen crackdown have accused China's regime of subjecting them to nearly three decades of threats and repression in a bid to stop them speaking out about the massacre - 28 June 2016: Chinese activist Chen Yunfei has been ordered to stand trial for visiting the grave of young photographer Wu Guofeng killed in the 1989 Tiananmen massacre - 1 July 2016: Thousands of Hong Kong protesters demand resignation of CY Leung who critics accuse of failing to confront China over bookseller scandal - 10 août 2016: La ville de Lianyungang a indiqué qu'elle allait suspendre ses préparatifs pour l'implantation potentielle d'une usine franco-chinoise de traitement de combustibles nucléaires usés, après des manifestations d'habitants inquiets - 27 September 2016: China labor activists sentenced for helping workers in wage dispute - 5 October 2016: Hong Kong’s democracy campaigner Joshua Wong accuses Thailand’s military junta of political 'suppression' after he was barred from entering the country, apparently after Beijing regime asked for his name to be placed on a travel blacklist - 25 December 2016: As people celebrate around the world, the Chinese regime's tradition to jail political prisoners in the shadow of events is increasing, hoping the distraction of the Christmas holiday season will lead to less attention
13 October 2022 anti-CCP protest and lockdown fears fuel China tensions before congress: 13 October 2022: A rare protest against the Communist party in Beijing and fears over renewed covid-19 restrictions across Shanghai are stoking political tensions just days before Xi Jinping is expected to secure a third term in power in a key meeting on Sunday. On Thursday photos and videos emerged on social media, showing two banners emblazoned with protest messages hanging from an overpass of a major thoroughfare in the north-west corner of the Chinese capital. The photos show plumes of smoke billowing from the bridge. 'We want food, not PCR tests. We want freedom, not lockdowns. We want respect, not lies. We want reform, not a cultural revolution. We want a vote, not a leader. We want to be citizens, not slaves', reads one banner hanging over Sitong Bridge
Since 15 November 2022 protests against covid-19 lockdowns in China: Since 15 November 2022 protests against covid-19 lockdowns in China, that began in response to measures taken by the government to prevent the spread of covid-19 in the country, including implementing a zero-covid policy. Discontentment had grown in recent years to the policy, which confined many people to their homes without work, leaving them unable to purchase daily necessities and subjecting them to harsh restrictions. While small-scale protests began in early November, civil unrest erupted following a deadly fire in Ürümqi that killed ten people, three months into a harsh lockdown in Xinjiang. Videos of the incident circulated online, with protesters claiming that the videos showed that firetrucks could not enter the residential area due to pandemic control barriers. Although government responses have made no direct acknowledgement of the protests, local city press conferences began to proclaim the easing of zero-covid restrictions.
27 November 2022 anti-lockdown protests spread in China as anger rises over zero-Covid strategy: 27 November 2022: People opposed to China’s stringent covid-19 restrictions have protested in cities across the country in the biggest wave of civil disobedience on the mainland since Xi Jinping assumed power a decade ago. Protests - triggered by a deadly apartment fire in the far west of the country last week - took place on Sunday in cities including Shanghai, Beijing, Chengdu, Wuhan and Guangzhou, according to footage shared on social media, in defiance of a series of heavy-handed arrests of demonstrators on Saturday night. In the early hours of Monday in Beijing, two groups of protesters totalling at least 1,000 people were gathered along the Chinese capital’s 3rd Ring Road near the Liangma River, refusing to disperse. In an unusually bold act that appeared to indicate the level of people’s desperation, a crowd in Shanghai late on Saturday night called for the removal of the Communist party and Xi during a standoff with police, chanting “Communist party! Step down! Xi Jinping! Step down!'. Chinese people usually refrain from criticising the party and its leaders in public for fear of reprisals.
28 November 2022 China's demonstrations an unprecedented challenge to CCP's Xi, BBC reports live: 28 November 2022: Police in China have been detaining people as protests against the country's strict covid-19 measures spread to some of its biggest cities, the demonstrations are an unprecedented challenge to CCP's Xi Jinping, with some calling on him to resign, police in Shanghai detained several people on Monday at a site that has seen protests two nights in a row, a long line of blue barriers has also been placed along the road where demonstrators had gathered, the BBC says it's extremely concerned about the treatment of one of its journalists, who was beaten and arrested by police while covering the protests - and later released, over the weekend, large crowds took to the streets in the capital Beijing as well as Shanghai and other cities as anger mounted, people are frustrated at Xi's zero-Covid approach, which involves mass testing, quarantines and snap lockdowns, many young women are at the forefront of the covid-19 protests across China and are showing up as prominent voices in footage emerging on social media, protesters say lockdown rules hampered rescue efforts at a fire in the western city of Urumqi's that killed 10 people as Chinese authorities deny this, according to BBC's Live Reporting
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in the PRC: Chinese society
March 2018 'Class Inequalities and Social Struggles in China': 22 March 2018: 'Class Inequalities and Social Struggles in China', by Jenny Chan
6 March 2021 rights of Hong Kong activists and plight of the Uighurs and other countries: 6 March 2021: Hong Kong activists and plight of the Uighurs, 'The Guardian' reports on human rights this week in photos


Manufacturing companies of Hong Kong: Manufacturing companies of Hong Kong
Energy in Hong Kong: Energy in Hong Kong
Agriculture and aquaculture in Hong Kong: Agriculture and aquaculture in Hong Kong
Water transport in Hong Kong: Water transport in Hong Kong
Banking and financial services in Hong Kong: List of banks in Hong Kong
Poverty in Hong Kong: Poverty in Hong Kong
Taxation in Hong Kong: Taxation in Hong Kong
Political parties, trade unions and organisations in Hong Kong: Political parties in Hong Kong - Political organisations in Hong Kong - Trade unions in Hong Kong
Elections and politics in Hong Kong: Elections in Hong Kong
Democratic development in Hong Kong since 1997: Democratic development in Hong Kong since 1997
16-18 June 2019: 16/17 June 2019: Hong Kong’s political crisis has entered its second week, after protesters who had filled the city’s streets in record numbers on Sunday rejected an apology from leader Carrie Lam, and vowed to continue their fight against a controversial law she championed - 17 June 2019: Hong Kong police chief admits officers sought to arrest wounded protesters in hospital, as Joshua Wong, released from jail, wastes no time joining the demonstrators’ key demands, saying the protests 'showed the spirit and dignity of the Hong Kong people' - 18 June 2019: In a press conference announced by Beijing-controlled newspaper Ta Kung Pao, her first since huge Sunday protest, Carrie Lam refused to fully meet any of the protesters’ requests for her to resign, withdraw her extradition law, and apologise both for police brutality and for describing one protest as a riot
4 October 2019 Carrie Lam invokes colonial-era emergency powers: 4 October 2019: Hong Kong's Carrie Lam invokes colonial-era emergency powers to quell protests
25 April 2020 abducted Hong Kong bookseller opens Taiwan shop: 25 April 2020: Abducted Hong Kong bookseller Lam Wing-kee opens Taiwan shop
1 October 2020: Hong Kong police arrest 60 citizens for protesting on China’s National Day Holiday: 1 October 2020: Hong Kong police arrest 60 citizens for protesting on China’s National Day Holiday
10 October 2020 police arrest 9 people suspected of aiding fleeing activists: 10 October 2020: Hong Kong police arrest nine people suspected of aiding fleeing activists
14 January 2021 11 more 'national security' arrests in Hong Kong reported over attempted boat escape to Taiwan: 14 January 2021: 11 more 'national security' arrests in Hong Kong reported over attempted boat escape to Taiwan
24 June 2021 Hongkongers queue for hours to buy final Apple Daily edition: 24 June 2021: Across Hong Kong on Thursday morning the queues stretched for hundreds of metres, wrapping around corner after corner, after starting before dawn, crowds in the city of 7.5 million people lined up for hours to buy the final print edition of the Apple Daily newspaper, forced to close by authorities which had accused it of 'national security offences' (Beijing regime's 'security'), as Apple Daily - normally selling 80,000 copies a day - printed a million, and it was in such hot demand that by mid morning Hongkongers were crowdsourcing an online spreadsheet of convenience stores that still had copies for sale - 24 June 2021: A million copies of the embattled pro-democracy daily's final edition flew off the presses overnight, while its website and social media pages vanished from the internet, and as HKFP witnessed the production of the final paper - List of newspapers in Hong Kong, as city in the 21s century is home to many of Asia's biggest English and Chinese language newspapers, and as the territory has one of the world's largest press industries and is a major centre for print journalism, according to wikipedia
25 June 2021 pro-democracy movement and press freedom at the end of June in Hong Kong, but never globally: 25 June 2021: Apple Daily newspaper’s closure shows how pro-democracy movement and press freedom are being crushed
19 December 2021 so-called 'Hong Kong Legislative Council election': 19 December 2021: After in March officials approved a so-called 'patriots' resolution which allowed Beijing regime to vet every candidate, saying the change is needed to ensure (our) stability - 19 December 2021 so-called 2021 'Hong Kong Legislative Council election' following a Beijing-imposed electoral overhaul - the total number of seats increased from 70 to 90 seats, with the directly elected geographical constituencies reduced from 35 to 20 seats, the trade-based indirectly elected functional constituencies staying at 30, and the additional 40 seats being elected by the 1,500-member Election Committee -, as by mid 2021 almost all leading pro-democracy legislators and activists had either been arrested, imprisoned or forced to exile, with several major pro-democracy organisations, trade unions and media outlets disbanded under pressure
11 January 2022 journalists in Hong Kong reel from assault on media, but the fight is not over: 11 January 2022: Newsrooms closures and exodus from territory are result of 'draconian’ national 'security law' introduced in 2020, as journalists said ‘we fought the good fight’, now fearing for staff safety, as across other regions, including more Asian states the erosion of press freedom has also made headlines in recent years. In Myanmar e.g., dozens of journalists have been jailed since last year’s military coup. In Thailand, an emergency decree to ban news that 'incites fear' was announced after anti-government protests in 2020. And in the Philippines, the country’s most profitable broadcaster, ABS-CBN, was forced to shut down that same year. These incidents are a poignant reminder that even the most successful news outlets would not survive the authoritarian resurgence in the region, but the fight is not over and will never be over.
Social movements, democratic development and protests in Hong Kong: Social movements and protests in Hong Kong - Since 1986 pro-democracy camp in Hong Kong, refers to a political alignment that supports increased democracy, namely the universal suffrage of the Chief Executive and the Legislative Council as given by the Basic Law under the 'One Country, Two Systems' framework - Since 2002 Civil Human Rights Front, an organisation that focuses on the issues of Hong Kong politics and livelihood, affiliated with almost all pan-democratic camps in Hong Kong, as forty-eight NGOs and political groups have been involved in the organisation since 2006 - Since early 2010s Hong Kong localism, a political movement centered on the preservation of the city's autonomy and local culture, encompassing a variety of groups with different goals, but all of them oppose the perceived growing encroachment of the Chinese central government on the city's management of its own political, economic, and social affairs - Demosisto, a small pro-democracy organisation advocating self-determination for Hong Kong initially established on 10 April 2016 as a political party
Since 1990 memorials for the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989: Memorials for the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989
2003 Hong Kong 1 July protest: 2003 Hong Kong 1 July protest
2009 anniversary of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests: 20th anniversary of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests
Early 2012 Hong Kong protests: Early 2012 Hong Kong protests
2013 dock strike for better pay and working conditions: 2013 Hong Kong dock strike for better pay and working conditions
Since 27/28 September 2014: 28 September: Tens of thousands pro-democracy protesters join mass civil disobedience over voting rights as authorities promise crackdown up sit-in - 28 September: Hong Kong police fired teargas grenades and launched baton charges as tens of thousands of protesters brought a central area of the city to a standstill late on Sunday - 29 September: Hong Kong citizens step up democracy protests as riot police withdrawn - 29 September: More pro-democracy protesters join protests - 30 September: Hong Kong protesters stand ground ahead of Chinese national day - 30 September: Hong Kong protests grow ahead of public holiday - 1 October: Hong Kong pro-democracy protests spread as thousands defy call to leave streets on China’s national holiday - 1 October: More families among the tens of thousands demanding free and democratic elections in Hong Kong on the National Day public holiday - 2 October: China's regime warns of 'unimaginable consequences' if Hong Kong pro-democracy demonstrations continue - 2 October: Hong Kong's Leung offers talks with students to discuss reforms but refuses to step down over protests - 3 October: Violent scuffles broke out in a Hong Kong shopping district as supporters of Chinese regime's rule stormed tents and ripped down banners belonging to pro-democracy protesters after Leung’s talks offer - 3 October: After protesters beaten and bloodied pro-democracy leaders call off talks with government and accuse police of sending triads against rally - 4 October: 19 men, including eight suspected triad members, arrested after mob attacks on protesters - 5 October: Pro-democracy protests in Hong Kong must be cleared by Monday morning, its chief executive Leung has announced, but tens of thousands of citizens flood into the city in the biggest gathering for days to oppose attacks on protesters - 6 October: Hundreds of pro-democracy demonstrators defy a government deadline to clear the streets by 6am but staff are allowed through to their offices - 6 October: Hong Kong government due to hold first talks with pro-democracy groups later this week - 9 October: Hours after Hong Kong government canceled meetings with student leaders scheduled for Friday, protesters, whose numbers had previously been dwindling, returned in larger numbers - 10/11 octobre: Au lendemain de l'annulation par les autorités des négociations prévues avec les étudiants, des milliers de manifestants se sont de nouveau rassemblés à Hong Kong pour réclamer plus de démocratie et le départ du chef de l'exécutif - 12 October: Hong Kong’s tycoons face new scrutiny as protests underline yawning inequality, dating back to colonial times - 13 October: Clashes in Hong Kong as masked men move in on the main pro-democracy protest site in Central district removing barricades and attacking protesters - 14 October: Hong Kong police in fresh assault on protest barricades - 15 October: Hong Kong police clear tunnel by force in crackdown on protesters, beating prominent activist and detaining dozens more demostrators who want Beijing regime to allow democratic election - 16 October: As police use pepper spray to break up pro-democracy activists after video of beating reignites protests, Hong Kong’s Leung says he hopes the government can hold talks as early as next week, after cancelled talks with pro-democracy protesters earlier this month - 17 October: Hong Kong police dismantle protest sites in dawn raids - 18 October: Using batons and pepper spray police make 26 arrests during clashes in Mongkok district but are forced into partial retreat by protesters - 19 October: Twenty demonstrators injured as Hong Kong police uses batons and pepper spray in a second night against defending pro-democracy protesters - 20 October: Pro-democracy protesters strongly deny Hong Kong's Leung's claim that 'external forces' are involved on their side - 21 October: Tuesday night's talks of officials and students will be broadcast live in Hong Kong - 21 October: Thousands of Hong Kong protesters listened from the streets as students debated their call for full democracy with Beijing-backed officials - 22 October: Democracy would lead to the 'poor' dominating politics, Hong Kong's Beijing-backed governor Leung says in an interview - 24 October: Pro-democracy protesters in Hong Kong will hold an electronic poll on government proposals they had rejected earlier in the week - 26/27 October: Occupy Central organisers may yet hold a poll on the future direction of the movement as online activists collect views of demonstrators - 28 October: Thousands gathered on Harcourt Road in the area now dubbed Umbrella Square to commemorate the firing of tear gas at protesters by police one month ago - 29 October: No foreign forces behind Hong Kong's pro-democracy protests, senior lawmaker Jasper Tsang says - 30 October: The role of social media in Occupy protests reviewed - 26 November: Police fire pepper spray as dozens of protesters arrested after Mong Kok clearance, including student leaders - 28 November: Pro-democracy activist Joshua Wong accuses police of beating him and causing injuries during his arrest on Wednesday - 30 November/1 December: Hong Kong police use batons and pepper spray against pro-democracy activists as night of confrontation continues into Monday with scores of injuries and arrests - 2 December: Hong Kong's Joshua Wong urges the government to resume dialogue with students - 4 December: Hong Kong Federation of Students will decide in the next week whether to call on protesters to pull up stakes - 11 December: Hong Kong police clears the main pro-democracy protest site in the Admiralty district, but movement promises to keep up pressure for truly democratic elections - 14 December 2014: Hong Kong activists fear they are being monitored by Beijing regime - 25 December: Hong Kong police announces arrest of 12 pro-democracy demonstrators for committing 'unlawful assembly' in Mong Kok neighborhood - 26 December 2014: More people arrested as pro-democracy protesters returned to the streets demanding genuine elections for the city’s chief executive
2016: 3 January 2016: Hong Kong politicians and demonstrators call for Beijing regime to explain 'abductions' following the mysterious disappearance of a group of booksellers - 10 January 2016: Thousands of Hong Kong protesters gather to demand release of booksellers vanished since October and probably abducted by regime forces because of books critical of Beijing regime - 9 February: Hong Kong police fire live rounds during clashes with protesters supporting street food sellers facing eviction - 10 February 2016: A crisis of confidence has hit foreign and local-owned companies in Hong Kong following the abduction of five booksellers by Chinese agents - 6 April: Hong Kong student leader says that the city's HSBC branches refuse to open an account for his new party, accusing them of 'political censorship' - 21 April 2016: Editor Keung Kwok-yuen of Hong Kong newspaper Ming Pao, that published a report on the 'Panama Papers' document leak, has been dismissed, sparking outcry from journalists’ unions and exposing new concerns about press freedoms in the semi-autonomous Chinese territory - 19 juin 2016: Le libraire de Hong Kong Lam Wing-kem arrêtés et retenus en Chine pendant plusieurs mois, a pris la tête d'une manifestation dans sa ville - 19 juin 2016: Le libraire enlevé Lam Wing-kem confie la terreur ressentie pendant ses 8 mois de détention et d'interrogatoires en Chine - 1 July 2016: Thousands of Hong Kong protesters demand resignation of CY Leung who critics accuse of failing to confront China over bookseller scandal - 5 août 2016: Milliers de manifestants pour l'indépendance protestent devant le siège du gouvernement de Hong Kong, parmi les manifestants des candidats interdits aux législatives de septembre car ils prônent une rupture avec la Chine - 6 November 2016: A pro-democracy march that drew thousands of people in Hong Kong has ended in clashes with police after Beijing regime announced it was reviewing a case that could see two pro-democracy lawmakers banned from taking their seats in Hong Kong’s parliament - 7 Nobember 2016: Hong Kong is facing a severe political crisis after Chinese Beijing regime barred two pro-democracy parliamentarians from the Special Administrative Region’s legislature - 15 November 2016: Hong Kong court bans two separatist politicians from taking office, after Beijing regime said it would not allow the pair to be sworn into office and as fears grow of the city’s liberties coming under threat
2017: 26 April 2017: Pro-independence activists Sixtus Leung and Yau Wai-ching, who were disqualified over swearing-in ceremony incident, charged with unlawful assembly, amid a widening crackdown on dissenting voices in Hong Kong - 27 April 2017: Hong Kong police have arrested at least nine democracy activists in connection with anti-government protest last year, the latest in a series of politically motivated prosecutions that critics say are designed to eliminate opposition - 4 June 2017: June 4 vigil to mark the 28th anniversary of the 1989 Tiananmen crackdown in Beijing brings back fears as Hong Kong marks 20 years of Chinese rule - 24 June 2017: Hong Kong police have launched a crackdown on political banners and images ahead of a visit to the city by Xi Jinping to avoid 'embarrassing' Beijing's Chinese president - 1 July 2017: Tens of thousands of pro-democracy protesters march across Hong Kong to mark the 20th anniversary of city’s handover to Chinese rule following Xi Jinping’s visit and labelling of any challenge to it as 'a red line’ - 16 July 2017: Thousands of mourners marched through the heart of Hong Kong in a candlelight vigil for Chinese Nobel peace prize laureate Liu Xiaobo, sending a powerful message to the regime in Beijing as it tries to erase his legacy - 17 August 2017: Hong Kong democracy campaigners jailed over anti-China protests known as the umbrella movement - 20 August 2017: Thousands march in Hong Kong for release of pro-democracy leaders
24 December 2019 Hong Kong police fire tear gas to disperse thousands of protesters: 24 December 2019: Hong Kong police fire tear gas to disperse thousands of protesters on Christmas Eve
9 June 2020 pro-democracy protesters mark one year on the streets: 9 June 2020: Pro-democracy protesters mark one year on the streets
24 June 2021 Hongkongers queue for hours to buy final Apple Daily edition: 24 June 2021: Across Hong Kong on Thursday morning the queues stretched for hundreds of metres, wrapping around corner after corner, after starting before dawn, crowds in the city of 7.5 million people lined up for hours to buy the final print edition of the Apple Daily newspaper, forced to close by authorities which had accused it of 'national security offences' (Beijing regime's 'security'), as Apple Daily - normally selling 80,000 copies a day - printed a million, and it was in such hot demand that by mid morning Hongkongers were crowdsourcing an online spreadsheet of convenience stores that still had copies for sale - 24 June 2021: A million copies of the embattled pro-democracy daily's final edition flew off the presses overnight, while its website and social media pages vanished from the internet, and as HKFP witnessed the production of the final paper
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Hong Kong: Hong Kong society
Culture and languages in Hong Kong: Culture of Hong Kong - Languages of Hong Kong
Education in Hong Kong: Education in Hong Kong
Health in Hong Kong: Health in Hong Kong
Medical outbreaks and distasters in Hong Kong: Medical outbreaks in Hong Kong - Health disasters in Hong Kong
Since January 2020 Chineses coronavirus pandemic in Hong Kong: Since January 2020 Chineses coronavirus pandemic in Hong Kong
Medical schools in Hong Kong: Medical schools in Hong Kong
25 April 2020 abducted Hong Kong bookseller opens Taiwan shop: 25 April 2020: Abducted Hong Kong bookseller Lam Wing-kee opens Taiwan shop
Newspapers in Hong Kong: Newspapers in Hong Kong
Internet in Hong Kong: Internet in Hong Kong
Crime in Hong Kong: Crime in Hong Kong
Organised crime in Hong Kong: Organised crime in Hong Kong
Excessive use of force by Hong Kong Police Force: Excessive use of force by Hong Kong Police Force
July 2012 Hong Kong plastic disaster: July 2012 Hong Kong plastic disaster
May 2014 Po Toi Island ship collision: May 2014 Po Toi Island ship collision
June 2016 Amoycan Industrial Centre fire: June 2016 Amoycan Industrial Centre fire
Judiciary and court system of Hong Kong: Judiciary of Hong Kong
Magistrates' Court in Hong Kong: Magistrates' Court
District Court in Hong Kong: District Court in Hong Kong
Court of First Instance in Hong Kong: Court of First Instance in Hong Kong
High Court of Hong Kong: High Court of Hong Kong
Ecosystems in Hong Kong: Ecosystems in Hong Kong
Air pollution in Hong Kong: Air pollution in Hong Kong
Illegal hunting of species by mainland Chinese: Illegal hunting of species by mainland Chinese
Natural disasters in Hong Kong: Natural disasters in Hong Kong
Typhoons in Hong Kong: Typhoons in Hong Kong


Economy of Macau: Economy of Macau
Politics of Macau: Politics of Macau
Elections in Macau: Elections in Macau
17 September 2017 Macanese legislative election17 September 2017 Macanese legislative election
History and timeline of Macau: History of Macau


Leagues, prefectures of of Inner Mongolia: Leagues are the prefectures of Inner Mongolia


Xinjiang conflict since 1949 and unrest: Since 1949 Xinjiang conflict
2009 Ürümqi and Xinjiang unrest: September 2009 Xinjiang unrest - 2009 Ürümqi riots


Tibet Autonomous Region: The Tibet Autonomous Region, a province-level autonomous region in Southwest China. It was overlayed on the traditional Tibetan regions of Ü-Tsang and Kham. It was formally established in 1965 to replace the Tibet Area, the former administrative division of China established after the annexation of Tibet. The establishment was about five years after the 1959 Tibetan uprising and the dismissal of the Kashag, and about 13 years after the original annexation. The current borders of the Tibet Autonomous Region were generally established in the 18th century[5] and include about half of historic Tibet, or the ethno-cultural Tibet. The Tibet Autonomous Region spans over 1,200,000 km2 and is the second-largest province-level division of China by area, after Xinjiang. Due to its harsh and rugged terrain, it is sparsely populated at just over 3.6 million people with a population density of 3 inhabitants per square kilometre


Gansu province: Gansu province in Northwest China, as its capital and largest city is Lanzhou, in the southeast part of the province. The seventh-largest administrative district by area at 453,700 square kilometres, Gansu lies between the Tibetan and Loess plateaus and borders Mongolia, Inner Mongolia and Ningxia to the north, Xinjiang and Qinghai to the west, Sichuan to the south and Shaanxi to the east. The Yellow River passes through the southern part of the province. Part of Gansu's territory is located in the Gobi Desert. The Qilian mountains are located in the south of the Province. Gansu has a population of 26 million, ranking 22nd in China. Its population is mostly Han, along with Hui, Dongxiang and Tibetan minorities. The most common language is Mandarin. Gansu is among the poorest administrative divisions in China, ranking 31st, last place, in GDP per capita as of 2019. The State of Qin originated in what is now southeastern Gansu and went on to form the first known Empire in what is now China. The Northern Silk Road ran through the Hexi Corridor, which passes through Gansu, resulting in it being an important strategic outpost and communications link for the Chinese empire
History of Ganzu province: History and timeline of Ganzu province


Qinghai province: Qinghai province, landlocked in the northwest of the country. It is the fourth largest province of China by area and has the third smallest population. Its capital and largest city is Xining. Qinghai borders Gansu on the northeast, Xinjiang on the northwest, Sichuan on the southeast and the Tibet Autonomous Region on the southwest. Qinghai province was established in 1928 during the period of the Republic of China, and until 1949 was ruled by Chinese Muslim warlords known as the Ma clique. The Chinese name 'Qinghai' is after Qinghai Lake, the largest lake in China. The lake is known as Tso ngon in Tibetan, and as Kokonor Lake in English, derived from the Mongol Oirat name for Qinghai Lake. Both Tso ngon and Kokonor are names found in historic documents to describe the region. Located mostly on the Tibetan Plateau, the province has long been inhabited by a number of peoples including the Tibetans, Mongols, Han (concentrated in the provincial capital of Xining and nearby Haidong), Hui, Monguors, and Salars. According to 2021 census reports, Tibetans constitute a fifth of the population of Qinghai and the Hui compose roughly a sixth of the population. There are over 37 recognized ethnic groups among Qinghai's population of 5.6 million, with national minorities making up a total of 45.5% of the population


Sichuan province: Sichuan province in Southwest China occupying most of the Sichuan Basin and the easternmost part of the Tibetan Plateau between the Jinsha River on the west, the Daba Mountains in the north and the Yungui Plateau to the south. Sichuan's capital city is Chengdu. The population of Sichuan stands at 83 million. Sichuan neighbors Qinghai to the northwest, Gansu to the north, Shaanxi to the northeast, Chongqing to the east, Guizhou to the southeast, Yunnan to the south, and the Tibet Autonomous Region to the west. During World War II, Chongqing served as the temporary capital of the Republic of China, making it the focus of the Japanese bombing. It was one of the last mainland areas captured by the People's Liberation Army during the Chinese Civil War and was divided into four parts from 1949 to 1952, with Chongqing restored two years later. It suffered gravely during the Great Chinese Famine of 1959–61 but remained China's most populous province until Chongqing Municipality was again separated from it in 1997. In 1950, the province of Xikang was dissolved and its territory was later split between the newly established Tibet Autonomous Region and the Province of Sichuan. The western and northwestern part of Sichuan is made up of Tibetan and Qiang autonomous areas. Sichuan is the 6th-largest provincial economy of China, the largest in Western China and the second largest among inland provinces after Henan. As of 2021, its nominal GDP was 5,385 billion yuan or US$847.68 billion, ahead of the GDP of Turkey of 815 billion. Compared to a country, it would be the 18th-largest economy as well as the 19th most populous as of 2021


Yunnan province: Yunnan province in the southwest of China. The province spans approximately 394,000 km2 and has a population of 48.3 million in 2018. The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders the Chinese provinces of Guizhou, Sichuan, autonomous regions of Guangxi, and Tibet as well as the Southeast Asian countries of Vietnam, Laos, and Myanmar. Yunnan is China's fourth least developed province based on disposable income per capita in 2014. Situated in a mountainous area, with high elevations in the northwest and low elevations in the southeast, most of the population lives in the eastern part of the province. In the west, the altitude can vary from the mountain peaks to river valleys by as much as 3,000m. Yunnan is rich in natural resources and has the largest diversity of plant life in China. Of the approximately 30,000 species of higher plants in China, Yunnan has perhaps 17,000 or more. Yunnan's reserves of aluminium, lead, zinc and tin are the largest in China, and there are also major reserves of copper and nickel.
History and timeline of Yunnan: History and timeline of Yunnan


Inner Mongolia autonomous region: Inner Mongolia, an autonomous region of China. Its border includes most of the length of China's border with the country of Mongolia. Inner Mongolia also accounts for a small section of China's border with Russia (Zabaykalsky Krai). Its capital is Hohhot, as other major cities include Baotou, Chifeng, Tongliao, and Ordos. The Autonomous Region was established in 1947, incorporating the areas of the former Republic of China provinces of Suiyuan, Chahar, Rehe, Liaobei, and Xing'an, along with the northern parts of Gansu and Ningxia. Its area makes it the third largest Chinese administrative subdivision, constituting approximately 1,200,000km2 and 12% of China's total land area. Due to its long span from east to west, Inner Mongolia is geographically divided into eastern and western divisions. The eastern division is often included in Northeastern China (Dongbei) with major cities including Tongliao, Chifeng, Hailar, and Ulanhot. The western division is included in North China, with major cities including Baotou and Hohhot. It recorded a population of 24,706,321 inhabitants in 2010, accounting for 1.84% of Mainland China's total population. Inner Mongolia is the country's 23rd most populous province-level division. The majority of the population in the region are Han Chinese, with a sizeable Mongol minority close to 5,000,000 in 2019 which is the largest Mongolian population in the world (bigger than that of the country Mongolia). Inner Mongolia is one of the most economically developed provinces in China with annual GDP per capita close to US$13,000 in 2019, often ranked 5th in the nation


Ningxia autonomous region: Ningxia autonomous region, officially the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is an in the northwest of China. Formerly a province, Ningxia was incorporated into Gansu in 1954 but was later separated from Gansu in 1958 and reconstituted as an autonomous region for the Hui people, one of the 56 officially recognised nationalities of China. 20% of China's Hui population lives in Ningxia. Ningxia is bounded by Shaanxi to the east, Gansu to the south and west and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to the north and has an area of around 66,400 square kilometres. This sparsely settled, mostly desert region lies partially on the Loess Plateau and in the vast plain of the Yellow River and features the Great Wall of China along its northeastern boundary. Over about 2000 years an extensive system of canals - the total length about 1397km - has been built from Qin dynasty. Extensive land reclamation and irrigation projects have made increased cultivation possible. The arid region of Xihaigu, which covers large parts of the province, suffers from severe water shortage, which the canals were intended to alleviat


Shaanxi province: Shaanxi province of China, bordering the province-level divisions of Shanxi, Henan), Hubei, Chongqing, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia, covering an area of over 205,000km2 with about 37 million people. Xi'an city – which includes the sites of the former Chinese capitals Fenghao and Chang'an – is the provincial capital as well as the largest city in Northwest China and also one of the oldest cities in China and the oldest of the Four Great Ancient Capitals, being the capital for the Western Zhou, Western Han, Jin, Sui and Tang dynasties. Xianyang, which served as the Qin dynasty capital, is just north across Wei River. The other prefecture-level cities into which the province is divided are Ankang, Baoji, Hanzhong, Shangluo, Tongchuan, Weinan, Yan'an and Yulin. Along with areas of adjacent Shanxi and Henan provinces, Shaanxi province formed the cradle of Chinese civilization. In the Republican era of China, the city of Yan'an was near the endpoint of the Long March which destroyed the Chinese Soviet Republic in Jiangxi by the Kuomintang armies, and became the birthplace of the Chinese Communist Revolution from late 1935 to early 1947 and the Communists formed the Shaan-Gan-Ning Border Region in constituent parts of Shaanxi. In the 21st century Shaanxi is China's 15th largest economy, ranking within the middle among China's administrative divisions. The fossil fuel and high technology sectors compose the two largest industries in Shaanxi Province. The high technology sector includes aircraft and aerospace industries and Shaanxi produces more than 50% of the R&D and manufacturing equipment for the country's domestic commercial aviation industry.


Chongqing municipality: Chongqing municipality in Southwest China. The official abbreviation of the city 'Yú' was approved by the State Council on 18 April 1997. This abbreviation is derived from the old name of a part of the Jialing River that runs through Chongqing and feeds into the Yangtze River. Administratively it is one of the four municipalities under the direct administration of the central government in Beijing (the other three are Beijing, Shanghai, and Tianjin), and the only such municipality located deep inland. The municipality of Chongqing, roughly the size of Austria, includes the city of Chongqing as well as various discontiguous cities. Due to a classification technicality, Chongqing municipality can claim to be the largest city proper in the world—though it does not have the world's largest urban area. Chongqing is the only city in China with the permanent population of over 30 million. The city of Chongqing, comprising nine urban and suburban districts, has an urban population of 15.4 million as of the 2019 estimation. According to the 2010 census, Chongqing is the most populous Chinese municipality, and also the largest direct-controlled municipality in China, containing 26 districts, eight counties, and four autonomous counties. During the Republic of China era, Chongqing was a municipality located within Sichuan Province. It served as its wartime capital during the Second Sino-Japanese War 1937–1945. The current municipality was separated from Sichuan province on 14 March 1997 to help develop the central and western parts of China. As one of China's National Central Cities, it serves as a financial center of the Sichuan Basin and the upstream Yangtze. It is a major manufacturing and transportation center. A 2012 report by the Economist Intelligence Unit described it as one of China's '13 emerging megalopolises'.
History and timeline of Chongqing: History of Chongqing


Henan province: Henan province of China, in the central part of the country. Henan is a birthplace of Han Chinese civilization, with over 3,200 years of recorded history and remained, Henan covers a large part of the fertile and densely populated North China Plain. Its neighboring provinces are Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, Anhui, and Hubei. Henan is China's third-most populous province with a population of over 99 million as of 2020, and the 5th-largest provincial economy of China, the second largest in South Central China after Guangdong, and the largest among inland provinces, with a nominal GDP of 5.88 trillion RMB or US$926 billion as of 2021, ahead of the GDP of Turkey of 815 billion. If it were a country, it would be the 18th-largest economy as well as the 14th most populous as of 2021. However, per capita GDP is low compared to other eastern and central provinces. The economy continues to grow based on aluminum and coal prices, as well as agriculture, heavy industry, tourism and retail. High-tech industries and the service sector are concentrated around Zhengzhou and Luoyang.
Zhengzhou city: Zhengzhou city, the capital and largest city of Henan Province in the central part of the P.R. China. Located in north-central Henan, it is one of the National Central Cities in China, the centre of Central Plains area, and serves as the political, economic, technological, and educational center of the province. The Zhengzhou metropolitan area (including Zhengzhou and Kaifeng) is the core area of the Central Plains Economic Zone. The city lies on the southern bank of the Yellow River, and is a major hub of China's national transportation network, with railways connecting Zhengzhou to Europe and an international airport. As of the 2020 Chinese census, the prefecture-level city of Zhengzhou had a population of 12,600,574 inhabitants, whom 10,260,667 lived in its built-up or metro area made of 6 urban districts plus Zhongmu county, Xinzheng and Xingyang cities now largely being conurbated. The city had a total GDP of 1.014 trillion RMB in 2018, and Greater Zhengzhou was named as one of the 13 emerging mega-cities in China.
Economy of Zhengzhou city: Economy of Zhengzhou city, along with Xi'an, Chengdu, Chongqing and Wuhan, one of the economic most important cities in inland China. Due to its strategic location in one of the most populous areas in the world - nearly 100 million people in Henan alone - and in China's railway, road and aviation transport networks, Zhengzhou is increasingly attracting domestic and international investment as well as migrants from other areas, transforming the city into one of the largest economic centers in the country. Zhengzhou and the surrounding area have large reserves of coal and other minerals. Coal mining and electricity generation are traditionally important in the local economy, and one of the major industrial cities in China since 1949. The city's staple industry is textiles. Others manufactured items include tractors, locomotives, cigarettes, fertilizer, processed meats, agricultural machinery, and electrical equipment. Some high-tech companies in new material, electronics and biotechnology are also growing rapidly during the recently years, especially in the high-tech industrial park in the northwest of the city, including Yutong (China's largest bus producer), Shaolin Bus, a well-known small-to-medium-sized bus producer, Zhengzhou Nissan, a subsidiary of Dongfeng Nissan, specializing in the manufacture of SUVs and pickup trucks, Haima Automobile Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou Unique Industrial Equipment Co., Ltd., a large tractor and agricultural equipment manufacturer, and Foxconn Zhengzhou, located in Zhengzhou Airport Economy Zone, the largest smartphone production site in the world and is also known as 'iPhone City'.
History and timeline of Zhengzhou city: History and timeline of Zhengzhou
24 November 2022 Beijing regime imposes new lockdowns as local covid-19 cases hit record high: 24 November 2022: China has imposed a fresh series of covid-19 lockdowns, including in Zhengzhou city where workers at the world’s largest iPhone factory clashed with police this week, as a record daily high in coronavirus cases tests its commitment to follow the rest of the world in easing pandemic restrictions. The national health commission reported 31,444 new locally transmitted covid cases on Wednesday, the highest daily figure since the coronavirus was first detected in the central Chinese city of Wuhan late in 2019. Beijing regime first responded by pursuing the medic who tried to inform colleages and the publicity until his death some weeks later, then tightening covid restrictions in cities, including Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, and ordering mass testing. In Zhengzhou, in the central province of Henan, where there were clashes on Tuesday and Wednesday between police and protesting workers from Foxconn’s iPhone factory, authorities announced a five-day lockdown for approximately 6 million people. Residents were ordered to stay at home and carry out daily PCR tests in a 'war of annihilation' against the virus. One worker told the AFP news agency that the protests had begun over a dispute about promised bonuses at the Foxconn factory and 'chaotic' living conditions


Timeline and history of Wuhan: History of Wuhan
433 B.C. Bianzhong of Marquis Yi of Zeng: 433 B.C. Bianzhong of Marquis Yi of Zeng: The bianzhong are hung on two sets of wooden racks. One rack is 7.48 metres long and 2.65 metres. The other rack is 3.35 metres long and 2.73 metres wide. The two racks are perpendicular to each other. The instrument contains a total of 64 bianzhong, which are hung at three levels and are divided into eight groups. There are 19 bells in three groups at the top level. 33 bells are in three groups in the middle level. There are 12 bells in two groups at the bottom level. Each bell can play two tones with three degrees' interval between them. The tonal range of Zenghouyi Bells is from C2 to D7. In the middle area of the tonal range, it can play all twelve half tones. The wooden hammers used to strike the bells were also unearthed from the Zeng-hou-yi Tomb. The original bells are on permanent display at the Hubei Provincial Museum in Wuhan-
Ezhou city: Ezhou city, a prefecture-level city in eastern Hubei Province. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 1,079,353 citizens, of which 695,697 lived in the core Echeng District. The Ezhou-Huanggang built-up (or metro) area was home to 1,152,559 inhabitants made of the Echeng, Huangzhou, Huanggang Districts. Ezhou lies on the southern bank of the Yangtze River east of the southern section of Wuchang, across the river from the city of Huanggang, to which it is connected by the Ehuang Bridge. Lying between the cities of Wuhan and Huangshi, Ezhou has a relatively small area of 1,504 square kilometers. There are many lakes in Ezhou, including the Liangzi Lake in Liangzihu District and Yanglan Lake, along with more than 133 lakes and pools. The city is the origin of Wuchang Bream and as a result is nicknamed 'city of one hundred lakes' and 'the land of fish and rice'.
25 November 2022 China’s 26-storey pig skyscraper ready to slaughter 1 million pigs a year: 25 November 2022: On the southern outskirts of Ezhou city in central China’s Hubei province, a giant apartment-style building overlooks the main road. At 26 storeys it is by far the biggest single-building pig farm in the world, with a capacity to slaughter 1.2 million pigs a year, China’s answer to its insatiable demand for pork, the most popular animal protein in the country. The new skyscraper-sized farm began production at the start of October when the company behind the facility - Hubei Zhongxin Kaiwei Modern Farming - admitted its first 3,700 sows into the farm. Zhongxin Kaiwei is a newcomer to the pig sector and farming. It started out as a cement investor, with multiple cement factories in provinces such as Hubei and Henan. One of them, Hubei Xinshiji Cement, is next to the new pig farm.


Economy of Shenzhen: Economy of Shenzhen


Demographics of Beijing: Demographics of Beijing
Water management in Beijing: Water management in Beijing, as the capital city of the country is characterized by intense water scarcity during the long dry season as well as heavy flooding during the brief wet season. Beijing is one of the most water-scarce cities in the world. Total water use is 3.6 billion cubic meters, compared to renewable fresh water resources of about 3 billion cubic meters. The difference is made up by the overexploitation of groundwater. Two-thirds of the water supply comes from groundwater, one third from surface water. Average rainfall has substantially declined since the 1950s. Furthermore, one of the two main rivers supplying the city, the Yongding River, had to be abandoned as a source of drinking water because of pollution. Water savings in industry and agriculture have compensated for these losses and freed up water for residential uses
Economy of Beijing: Economy of Beijing
History and timeline of Beijing: History and timeline of Beijing - Centuries in Beijing
20th century in Beijing: 20th century in Beijing
April-June 1989 1989 Tiananmen Square protests: April-June 1989 1989 Tiananmen Square protests
21st century in Beijing: 21st century in Beijing
Since 20 January 2020 covid-19 pandemic in Beijing: Since 20 January 2020 covid-19 pandemic in Beijing
4 May 2022 Beijing reopens mass isolation centre in fight against its covid-19 virus: 4 May 2022: Beijing reopens mass isolation centre in fight against its covid-19 virus, as Xiaotangshan Fangcai hospital, which holds at least 1,200 beds and testing facilities, was first opened during the 2003 Sars epidemic, and used again in early 2020 to treat covid-19 patients, and as its reopening signals a ramp up in efforts by China’s capital to manage the rising number of cases returning since 2019 to the country of origin
31 July 2023 31,000 forced to flee homes in Beijing as deadly typhoon Doksuri brings heavy rains: 31 July 2023: 31,000 forced to flee homes in Beijing as deadly typhoon Doksuri brings heavy rains, as these rains continued to fall in Beijing as well as in Hebei, Tianjin and eastern Shanxi - Since 19 July 2023 typhoon Doksuri - in the Philippines super typhoon Egay - caused extensive damage in the Philippines, Taiwan, and China. By 27 July Doksuri underwent another round of rapid intensification in the South China Sea and moved towards Fujian in China. The typhoon killed 57 and left 91 persons injured, including 27 people on board the MB Aya Express who were killed when the pump boat capsized. Floods were reported in 9 out of the Philippines' 17 regions, affecting over 2 million people and requiring over 300 thousand to evacuate. In Taiwan, around 150,000 people across the country lost power. In China Doksuri was the strongest typhoon to impact southeastern Fujian province since Typhoon Meranti in 2016.


History and timeline of Jiangsu province: History and timeline of Jiangsu province
History and timeline of Nanjing city: History and timeline of Nanjing city


History of Shanghai: History of Shanghai
Politics and culture in Shanghai: Politics of Shanghai - Culture in Shanghai
Since 1949 history of Shanghai and since 1990 economic upswing: History of Shanghai since 1949 and since 1990 economic upswing


Ethnic minorities and issues in China: Ethnic minorities in China - Unrecognized ethnic groups in China
Migration in China: Migration in China
Forced evictions in China: Forced evictions in China
Housing in China: Housing in China
Foreign groups of migration in China: Foreign groups of migration in China
22 June 2013 toddler falling out of window in China rescued by courageous men: 22 June 2013: Toddler falling out of window in China rescued by courageous men
June 2013 Chinese Internet users celebrate return of figurine, statuette looted by European powers more than a century ago: 29 June 2013: Chinese Internet users celebrated the return of two rare bronze animal heads looted by European powers more than a century ago
May 2014 street vendor catches baby falling from apartment window: 23 May 2014: Street vendor catches baby falling from apartment window
Languages of China, written Chinese, no alphabetic script: Languages of China - Chinese, a group of language varieties that form the Sinitic branch of the Sino-Tibetan languages, spoken by the ethnic Han Chinese majority and many minority ethnic groups in Greater China - History of the Chinese language - Written Chinese, the original Chinese writing system of the Shang dynasty is currently in use, making it one of the oldest continually-used languages in history, as during the reign of the dynasties, 'Guanhua' which was almost exclusively utilized by the educated people of Peking and bureaucrats (or mandarins), was the most used form of writing - Die chinesische Sprache 'Mandarin' ist als Weltsprache - wie insbeondere die englische Sprache in Wort und Schrift - nicht geeignet, vor allem auch weil die logographische chinesische Schrift – jedes Zeichen steht im Prinzip für ein Wort – als einigendes Band, das die Sprecher der sehr unterschiedlichen chinesischen Sprachvarianten zu einer großen kulturellen Gemeinschaft mit einer Jahrtausende alten schriftlichen Tradition verbindet, wobei bei einer Alphabetschrift oder einer anderen Lautschrift diese einigende Funktion nicht vorhanden wäre
History and list of Chinese musical instruments: List of Chinese musical instruments
20th century political music in China and musical nationalism: Political music in China, an ideological music with political or nationalistic content, sometimes taking the form of a modernized Chinese traditional music written or adapted for some form of grand presentation with an orchestra, and created in the early to mid-20th century, becoming the dominant genre of music after the defeat of the subjugating criminal Japanese empire in World War II, and remaining until the 1980s the main form of music broadcast on radio and TV in China - Since 19th century musical nationalism, as nationalism also emerged as a musical movement early in the 19th century in connection with widely diversified political independence movements, also characterized by an emphasis on national musical elements such as the use of folk songs, folk dances or rhythms, or on the adoption of nationalist subjects for operas, more and more for political purposes
July 2018 Shanghai Orchestra Academy students spent time in New York participating in musical, cultural exchange: 7 July 2018: Five Shanghai Orchestra Academy students spent more than eight action-packed days in New York City participating in both musical and cultural exchange, in addition to performing Rimsky-Korsakov’s Scheherazade in four concerts with the New York Philharmonic as part of its annual Concerts in the Parks, enjoying tours of the New York Philharmonic Archives, Lincoln Center, Carnegie Hall, and other important sites including the 9/11 Memorial and Freedom Tower, Statue of Liberty, and more, as later in July New York Philharmonic goes to Shanghai for teaching session and a side-by-side rehearsal with SOA students playing 'Scheherazade' - In 2022 Philharmonic regrets that its annual performances and other activities in China could not take place in the summers of 2020 and 2021 amid covid-19, but the New York Philharmonic is again participating through virtual activities
Women and women's rights in the PRC: Women in China - Women's rights in China - One-child policy
Globalization and women in China: Globalization and women in China
2014 unwanted and abandoned babies, once mostly girls, now of both genders mostly sick: 3 February 2014: China's unwanted and abandoned babies, once mostly girls, now of both genders mostly sick
Special education in China providing education for all disabled students: Special education in China, providing education for all disabled students
26 June 2021 fire at 'martial arts' school in China kills 18 children in central China: 26 June 2021: Fire at 'martial arts' school in China kills 18 children in central China
Universities and colleges in China by type: Universities and colleges in China by type
Archaeology of China: Archaeology of China
Disease surveillance in China: Disease surveillance in China
Health disasters in the PRC: Health disasters in China
20 March 2020 three months too late regime issues a 'solemn apology' to Li Wenliang's family: 20 March 2020: Amid public anger over the failure to properly honor the sacrifices of front-line health workers while praising the party and its head, Xi Jinping, who has tightened controls on society since taking power in 2012, Beijing regime has exonerated doctor Li Wenliang who was officially reprimanded for warning about the coronavirus outbreak and later died of the disease, a startling admission of error by the regime, also saying a 'solemn apology' had been issued to Li's family and that two police officers, identified only by their surnames (!), had been issued 'disciplinary punishments' for the original handling of the matter, after in Wuhan local leaders told doctors in December not to publicize the spreading virus in order to avoid casting a shadow over the annual meeting of a local legislative body, after Li Wenliang's punishment for 'rumor mongering' was aired on CCTV, signalling central government endorsement for the reprimand, and after 'Supreme People's court of China' dismissed the coronavirus spread as 'rumor'
30 December 2022 China is preparing for another wave of covid-19, as the current wave of infections overwhelms hospitals, care units in many cities: 30 December 2022: China is preparing for another wave of covid-19 to hit its more vulnerable countryside in early 2023, as the current wave of infections overwhelms hospitals and intensive care units in many cities
Pollution, industrial pollution and water supply and sanitation in China: Pollution in the PRC - China Pollution Map Database - Industrial pollution
2009 Chinese lead poisoning scandal: 2009 Chinese lead poisoning scandal
Air pollution in the PRC: Air pollution in the PRC
Water supply and sanitation in China: Water supply and sanitation in China
Water pollution in the PRC: Water pollution in the PRC
2008 Chinese milk scandal: 2008 Chinese milk scandal
Medecine and schools of medicine in China: Medicine in China - Schools of medicine in China
February 2020 demands for freedom of speech in the wake of Li Wenliang’s death censored: 7 February 2020: Demands for freedom of speech in the wake of Li Wenliang’s death have been censored by the Beijing regime
Broadcasting in the PRC and in Hong Kong: Broadcasting in China - Broadcasting in Hong Kong
Internet in China: Internet in China
Censorship in China: Censorship in China
2013/2014 rare protest against censorship: 4 January 2013: Journalists at major Chinese newspaper 'Southern Weekly' have called for a propaganda chief to resign, in a rare protest against censorship - 7 January 2013: Journalists at major Chinese newspaper 'Southern Weekly' have gone on strike in a rare protest against censorship in the Guangdong province - 8 January: China newspaper dispute sparks petition and more protests, also of middle school students and white-collar workers - 9 January 2013: Reports from China suggest journalists at the newspaper 'Southern Weekly' embroiled in a censorship row are returning to work after an agreement was reached - 10 January 2013: 'Southern Weekly', at the centre of anti-censorship protests, appeared on newsstands in Beijing and Shanghai on Thursday as usual, but not its home city Guangzhou - 10 January: Latest edition of Southern Weekly contains no reference to editorial row, after deal on relaxing government censorship - 23 October 2013: New Express in Hunan province calls for journalist's release, saying Chen Yongzhou was targeted over corruption stories
January 2014 censored China Southern Weekly newspaper insists on right to truth: 2 January 2014: Censored China Southern Weekly newspaper insists on right to truth
June 2014 China's regime says reporters could only publish critical stories if approved by the regime: 19 June 2014: China's regime issues rules saying reporters could only publish critical stories if approved
August 2015 Media struggle to report on Tianjin explosion: 13 August 2015: Media struggle to report on 12 August 2015 Tianjin explosion
Government control and crackdown on media in the PRC: Government control of the media in the PRC
2014 detained and attacked journalists: 26 February 2014: Ex-chief editor of the Ming Pao daily Kevin Lau Chun-to in critical condition after being attacked in street days after thousands march for press freedom - 13 March 2014: China arrests citizen journalists for reporting Tiananmen protests including an apparent self-immolation - 11 April 2014: After showing signs of opening up, China's official media suffered a setback, with TV anchor Cui Jianbin being forced off air during a live show after he criticised officials for corruption and a newspaper suspended from publication due to an alleged bribery scandal - 23 April: China cancels over 14,400 press cards for journalists - 29 April: Chinese journalist Gao Yu missing prior to 25th anniversary of Tiananmen Square protests - 8 May: China detained journalist and political activist Gao Yu on charges of providing state secrets to foreign contacts - 7 August 2014: Government intensifies crackdown on social media with curbs on instant messaging
2016 regime targets critical journalists: 7 January 2016: A Hong Kong leading international bookshop chain has removed politically sensitive books from its shelves in the wake of the mysterious disappearance of five of the city’s booksellers, stoking fears over mounting self-censorship - 10 February 2016: A crisis of confidence has hit foreign and local-owned companies in Hong Kong following the abduction of five booksellers by Chinese agents - 15 February: Journalist Yang Jisheng, a retired correspondent from Beijing’s official news service Xinhua, who fought to expose the deaths of tens of millions of his fellow citizens in China’s 1958-61 famine has been banned from leaving the country to accept a prize for his work - 28 February: Chinese authorities have shut down the social media accounts of Ren Zhiqiang after he criticised the ruling Communist party’s tightening grip on the media - 21 April 2016: Editor Keung Kwok-yuen of Hong Kong newspaper Ming Pao, that published a report on the 'Panama Papers' document leak, has been dismissed, sparking outcry from journalists’ unions and exposing new concerns about press freedoms in the semi-autonomous Chinese territory
Police brutality and torture in the PR of China: Police brutality in the PR of China - Torture in China
Capital punishment in the PRC: Capital punishment in the PRC
Organ harvesting from Falun Gong practitioners and other political prisoners in China: Organ harvesting from Falun Gong practitioners and other political prisoners in China
18 June 2019 Beijing regime forcefully harvests organs from detainees as its organ transplant trade is worth $1 billion a year: 18 June 2019: Chinese Beijing regime forcefully harvests organs from detainees, as China's organ transplant trade is worth $1 billion a year, according to a tribunal
2012/2013 Bo Xilai scandal: 2012 Bo Xilai scandal - Wang Lijun incident - 2012 Bo Xilai scandal - Gu Kailai murder investigation - Neil Heywood/Gu Kailai affair 2011 - 2012 Bo Xilai scandal - Death of Neil Heywood - 9 août: La femme de Bo Xilai accusé du meurtre de son associé, citoyen britannique - 10 August: Four police officers on trial for cover-up of Heywood murder - 10 August: Gu Kailai says threats made against her son led to murder of British 'businessman' Heywood - 20 August: Suspended death sentence for Bo Xilai's wife Gu Kailai - 4 September: A close ally of Chinese President Hu Jintao has been unexpectedly demoted after his son's involvement in a fatal Ferrari crash - 5 September: Ex-police chief Wang Lijun charged with defection, power abuse, and bribe taking - 18 September: China holds trial of ex-police chief Wang Lijun - 24 September: Ex-police chief Wang Lijun jailed for 15 years on charges including cover-up of Heywood murder, abuse of power and bribetaking - 26 October: Disgraced official's expulsion follows removal from party positions and opens way for criminal prosecution against Bo Xilai - 6 November: UK businessman Neil Heywood killed in China 'had spy links', the Wall Street Journal says - 20 November: China frees Ren Jianyu sentenced without trial to hard labour for opposing Bo Xilai - 25 juillet 2013: Bo Xilai inculpé pour corruption et abus de pouvoir
Violations of environmental protection law in China: Environmental protection law in China
2007 Chinese slave scandal: 2007 Chinese slave scandal
May 2013 two bridges lead man, kidnapped and sold to another family 23 years ago, back to his family: 18 May 2013: A picture of two bridges leads man, kidnapped and sold to another family 23 years ago, back to his family in Guangan city
List of Chinese criminal organizations: List of Chinese criminal organizations
School and kindergarten attacks in China: Since March 2010 school attacks in China - School killings in China - 21 September 2012: Three children were killed and 13 injured in Pingnan, Guangxi - 14 December 2012: A knife-wielding man slashed 22 children and an adult at an elementary school in Chenpeng village in Henan province - 25 December 2012: A Chinese man has rammed his car packed with firecrackers and a gas tank into a group of schoolchildren, injuring 13 - 29 March 2013: Two boys were beaten to death by a staff member at their school in Yulin, in the southeastern Guangxi Zhuang region - 13 December 2013: Chinese court sentences man to death for stabbing 23 children at the school in Henan province in December 2012 - 26 September 2014: Knife attack in Lingshan County of Guanxi Province leaves 4 schoolchildren dead - 28 April 2018: Nine children have been stabbed to death and 10 others injured on their way home from school in northern China
Illegal drug trade in China: Illegal drug trade in China, influenced by factors such as history, location, size, population, and current economic conditions, as China has one-fifth of the world's population and a large and expanding economy. China's status in drug trafficking has changed significantly since the 1980s, when the country for the first time opened its borders to trade and tourism after 40 years of relative isolation. As trade with Southeast Asia and elsewhere increased, so did the flow of illicit drugs and precursor chemicals from, into, and through China. Today China is a major source of precursor chemicals necessary for the production of fentanyl, cocaine, heroin, MDMA and crystal methamphetamine, which are used by many Southeast Asian and Pacific Rim nations. China produces over 100,000 metric tons of acetic anhydride each year, and imports an additional 20,000 metric tons from the USA and Singapore. Reports indicate that acetic anhydride is diverted from China to morphine and heroin refineries in the Golden Triangle. China is also a leading exporter of bulk ephedrine and has been a source country for much of the ephedrine and pseudoephedrine imported into Mexico. These precursor chemicals are subsequently used to manufacture methamphetamine destined for the USA. China is developing a significant MDMA production, trafficking, and consumption problem.
Judicial system of China: Judicial system of China
Law enforcement agencies of China: Law enforcement agencies of China
Foreign relations of the People's Republic of China: Foreign relations of the PRC - History of the foreign relations of China - Foreign relations of imperial China since 221 BC - a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tributary_system_of_China">Tributary system of China - List of tributary states of China
Treaties of the People's Republic of China: Treaties of the People's Republic of China
History of foreign relations of the P.R. China: History of foreign relations of the People's Republic of China
Since 2019/2020 worldwide impact of the Chinese coronavirus pandemic on education, aviation, television, canceled events, institutions etc.: Impact of the 2019–20 Chinese coronavirus pandemic on education, on aviation, cinema, sports, television, canceled events, public venues and institutions
Foreign and economic policy of China: Foreign and economic policy of China policy
21st Century Maritime Silk Road: 21st Century Maritime Silk Road - Maritime Silk Road
9 November 2020 China's policy resembles European colonial powers’ relations with African, Middle Eastern countries in the 19th/20th centuries: 9 November 2020: Beijing’s new transnational infrastructure, like pipelines and highways, are viewed as initiatives to send more resources to the PRC. These projects are reported to deplete national treasuries. Moreover, Chinese projects and investments draw on few local suppliers and partners and contribute little to job creation, partly because they employ many Chinese laborers. Finally, China is said to doing more harm than good to the host countries because its cheap goods destroy local manufacturing. Africa is depicted as the major victim of this new Chinese global abuse drive. China is said to propping up its own industries by extracting raw materials, such as minerals, fossil fuels, and agricultural commodities, from all over the world, with Africa as its main target.
Wars involving the P.R. of China: Wars involving the P.R. of China
Territorial disputes of China: Territorial disputes of China
23 July 2020 Australian warships encounter Chinese navy in disputed waters of South China Sea: 23 July 2020: Australian warships encounter Chinese navy in disputed waters of South China Sea
24 September 2023 competition over the South China Sea between China, the Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia, Brunei and Taiwan: 24 September 2023: The South China Sea is one of the most strategically and economically important waterways in the world. In 2016 more than 21% of global trade was estimated by UN bodies to have transited through it, and it contains extensive oil and gas reserves. But it is highly contested. China, the Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia, Brunei and Taiwan all have claims over areas within the 3.5m sq km area, many of which overlap. In 2013 the Philippines took the controversy to an international tribunal in The Hague, which ruled against China. Beijing, however, refused to take part in the hearings and rejects the ruling. Several claimants have occupied islands, reclaimed lands and built military structures to assert their claims. China’s efforts have been the most extensive, and it also maintains a heavy presence in the area with its navy, coast guard, and maritime militia – a paramilitary fishing fleet – which sometimes conduct dangerous or aggressive actions against other parties.
People's Republic of China's participation and role in international organizations: PRC's membership in international organizations - People's Republic of China's participation and role in international organizations
PRC/United Nations relations: PRC/United Nations relations
20 May 2022 UN's Michelle Bachelet begins her official mission to China, then seen on a giant screen in Beijing: 20/25 May 2022: UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Michelle Bachelet begins a six-day official mission to China this week and will visit the western region of Xinjiang, where Beijing has been accused of genocide and crimes against humanity. NPR China affairs correspondent John Ruwitch is on the line to consider the visit's significance, discussing with Ailsa Chang and Human Rights Watch Yaqiu Wang, who said 'I don't think the high commissioner will be able to see what she should be seeing for such a visit and be able to talk to she should be talking to'. - 25 May 2022: Beijing regime's Xi Jinping and UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Michelle Bachelet are seen on a giant screen broadcasting news footage of their virtual meeting at a shopping complex in Beijing
Immigration to China: Immigration to China
Chinese emigration: Chinese emigration - Overseas Chinese
Foreign relations of the PRC by continent, region and country: Foreign relations of the PRC by region and country
Bilateral military relations of P.R. of China: Bilateral military relations of P.R. of China
P.R. of China/Afghanistan relations: P.R. of China/Afghanistan relations
Afghanistan–China border: Afghanistan–China border
P.R. of China/Africa relations: China/Africa relations
P.R. of China/America relations: PRC/Americas relations
P.R. of China/Latin America relations: China/Latin America relations
Chinatowns in Latin America: Chinatowns in Latin America
PRC-Latin America economic and trade relations: China-Latin America economic and trade relations
Since 2004 Sino-Arab Cooperation Forum: Sino-Arab Cooperation Forum
P.R. of China/Arctic policy: China's arctic policy
P.R. of China/Asia relations: China/Asia relations
Since January 2020 international socio-economic impact of Chinese coronavirus outbreak: Since January 2020 international socio-economic impact of the 2019 Chinese coronavirus outbreak, by continent and country
P.R. of China/Australia relations: PRC/Australia relations - Sino-Pacific relations
Since 2013 Australia China Relations Institute: Since 2013 Australia China Relations Institute
23 July 2020 Australian warships encounter Chinese navy in disputed waters of South China Sea: 23 July 2020: Australian warships encounter Chinese navy in disputed waters of South China Sea
Australia-PR China economic relations: Australia/PR of China economic relations
Since 2014 China–Australia Free Trade Agreement: Since 2014 China–Australia Free Trade Agreement
PR of China/Bangladesh relations: PR of China/Bangladesh relations
PRC/Belize relations: PRC/Belize relations
November 2019 Beijing regime arrests Belizean citizen over meddling in Hong Kong affairs: 30 November 2019: Chinese Beijing regime arrests Belizean citizen over meddling in Hong Kong affairs
P.R. of China/Brazil relations: PRC/Brazil relations
P.R. of China/Cambodia relations: PRC/Cambodia relations
June 2019 building collapse: 22 June 2019: At least three people died when a seven-storey under-construction building owned by a Chinese company collapsed with workers inside in the beach town of Sihanoukville, amid fears dozens more were left trapped in the rubble, after Chinese investment has flooded in recent years, spurring a construction boom in the resort town known for its casinos, which pull in mainland tourists, and as there are around 50 Chinese-owned casinos and dozens of hotel complexes under construction - 24 June 2019: Two days after unfinished, seven-storey building in Sihanoukville collapsed, it emerged that three Chinese nationals and a local landowner involved in the construction had been detained while the incident was investigated, as toll in Cambodia building collapse rises to 24 and anger is growing over poor standards in construction boom that has transformed Sihanoukville into tourist and gambling hub
P.R. of China/Canada relations: PRC/Canada relations
PRC/Cuba relations: China/Cuba relations
PRC/Djibouti relations: China/Djibouti relations
Since 2017 Chinese naval base in Djibouti: Chinese naval base in Djibouti
PRC/Ecuador relations: PRC/Ecuador relations
24 July 2020 EU committee chairs demand harder stance on China’s abuse of human rights: < href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jul/24/european-committee-chairs-jointly-condemn-china-over-hong-kong">24 July 2020: Joint statement by EU committee chairs from countries including Belgium, Germany, Latvia, Norway, the UK and the European parliament itself, shows a network of parliamentarians is being constructed to shift European governments towards a harder stance on China’s abuse of human rights
P.R. of China/Honduras relations:
June 2019 Hong Kong protest against extradition law: 9 June 2019: Hundreds of thousands of people have taken to the streets of Hong Kong in a vast protest against a proposed extradition law that critics say will allow mainland China to pursue its political opponents in the city, which has traditionally been a safe haven from the Beijing regime, as other rallies held around the world, including in Australia’s major cities - 10 June 2019: Hong Kong’s government's Carrie Lam has said she remains determined to pass a proposed extradition law despite a huge protest march against the legislation on Sunday that drew an estimated 1 million people to the streets of Hong Kong to demonstrate against the controversial extradition bill, with multiple other demonstrations occurring globally in support, including in Tokyo, Vancouver and Los Angeles
P.R. of China/India relations: P.R. of China/India relations
March 2013 China-India Joint Military Exercise: 19 March 2013: China-India Joint Military Exercise 2013
P.R. of China/Indonesia relations: PRC/Indonesia relations
March 2013 Hong Kong court ruling denies foreign domestic workers permanent residency: 25 March 2013: Hong Kong court ruling denies foreign domestic workers the right to apply for permanent residency
P.R. of China/Iran relations: P.R. of China/Iran relations
PRC-Iran economic, military and nuclear relations: PRC-Iran economic, military and nuclear relations
Since 1970s Chinese-Iranian oil and gas trade: Since 1970s Chinese-Iranian oil and gas trade
Since the 1980s Chinese-Iranian nuclear and nuclear weapons cooperation: Since the 1980s Chinese-Iranian nuclear and nuclear weapons cooperation
January 2019 China's Huawei charged with conspiring to violate Iran sanctions: 29 January 2019: USA charges China's Huawei with conspiring to violate Iran sanctions
P.R. of China/Iraq relations: PRC/Iraq relations
Since February 2020 Chinese 2020 coronavirus pandemic in Iraq: Since February 2020 Chinese 2020 coronavirus pandemic in Iraq
P.R. of China/Israel relations: PRC/Israel relations
P.R. of China/Italy relations: PRC/Italy relations
Chinese people in Italy: Chinese people in Italy
History of Sino-Japanese relations: History of Sino-Japanese relations
1200-1600 Japanese piracy on China's coasts and Mongol invasions: 1200-1600 Japanese piracy on China's coasts and Mongol invasions
1592-1598 Japanese invasions of Korea with the intent of conquering Korea and China: 1592-1598 Japanese invasions of Korea with the intent of conquering Korea and China
1937-1945 Japanese invasion of China and Second Sino-Japanese War: Japanese invasion of China - Second Sino-Japanese War 1937-1945 - Manchukuo - Japanese war crimes
Senkaku Islands/Tiaoyutai Islands dispute: Senkaku Islands dispute - Geography of Senkaku Islands
2012: 18 August 2012: Crowds in Hong Kong applaud deported activists from Japan who carried banner reading 'Successful landing on Diaoyu islands' - 19 August: Japanese activists arrive at disputed Senkaku/Diaoyu islands - 20 August: Thousands of Chinese took to the streets on Sunday after a group of Japanese nationalists raised their flags on the disputed East China Sea island - 14 September: Six Chinese surveillance ships entered waters near Diaoyu/Senkaku islands claimed by both Japan and China - 17 September: Japanese firms (Canon, Panasonic) suspend some of their operations in China in response to attacks on Japanese shops, factories, cars and diplomatic posts - 17 September: Chinese newspapers condemn anti-Japan protests across Chinese cities over the weekend as they turned violent - 31 December 2012: A Chinese fishing boat has been detained by Japan's coast guard near Japan's Kagoshima Prefecture for allegedly fishing inside Japanese waters, Chinese officials say
P.R. of China/Kenya relations: China/Kenya relations
April 2020 pro-Chinese regime Kiribati president loses majority over switch from Taiwan: 24 April 2020: Pro-Chinese regime Kiribati president loses majority over switch from Taiwan
History of Sino-Korean relations: History of Sino-Korean relations
P.R. of China/South Korea relations: PRC/South Korea relations
Since 1949-1961 Trans-Mongolian Railway: Since 1949-1961 Trans-Mongolian Railway
1 September 2020 Beijing regime's plan to replace Mongolian language in some school subjects: 1 September 2020: Beijing regime's plan to replace Mongolian language in some school subjects sparks fears of cultural assimilation
P.R. of China/New Zealand relations: P.R. of China/New Zealand relations
3 May 2021 New Zealand’s differences with China becoming ‘harder to reconcile’ PM Jacinda Ardern says: 3 May 2021: New Zealand’s differences with China becoming ‘harder to reconcile’, PM Jacinda Ardern says
P.R. of China/Nicaragua relations: D.R. China/Nicaragua relations
22 December 2014 start ceremony of the first works of the Interoceanic Grand Canal: 22 December 2014: Start ceremony of the first works of the Interoceanic Grand Canal
February/April 2018 China attempts to construct Nicaraguan Canal for the moment: 21 février 2018: Le canal du Nicaragua, présenté en 2014 comme le chantier le plus ambitieux d'Amérique latine, ne semble plus d'actualité. Victime de difficultés financières et de l'intérêt diplomatique renouvelé de Pékin pour le Panama, ce projet de 276 kilomètres risque de ne jamais voir le jour. - 9 April 2018: China has abandoned its attempts to construct a Nicaraguan Canal to compete with its Panamanian counterpart for the moment, despite growing Chinese interests and investment in Latin America, revealed by Beijing regime’s $65 billion investment plan in Latin America and the Caribbean states called the 'Forum of China and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States', an important vehicle for controlling the region’s natural resources and raw materials
19 June 2019 canal megaproject of Ortega/Wang Jing arrives to key date in its null existence: 19 June 2019: The canal megaproject of Daniel Ortega and Wang Jing arrives to a key date in its null existence, as six years after the canal concession, the peasant movement that rose up against Ortega, persists in its struggle despite jail and exile. The canal project framework, under the umbrella of Wang Jing’s HKND company, was established through 16 briefcase companies, registered in different tax havens, such as the Netherlands and the Cayman Islands. The purpose, supposedly, was to manage the financing of the megaproject. 'However, after six years, and given the obvious financial failure of it, which includes the collapse of Wang Jing’s personal fortune on the Chinese financial markets, it is worth asking' whether 'the Ortega-Murillos used this network of briefcase companies to launder money which was in the hands of their Caruna-Albanisa-BanCorp', according to lawyer Lopez Baltodano, also asking that if now that the Ortega-Murillo Bank has been sanctioned by the USA, and suddenly closed.
P.R. of China/Nigeria relations: P.R. of China/Nigeria relations
PRC/Oceania-Pacific relations: PRC/Oceania-Pacific relations
P.R. of China/Pakistan relations: China/Pakistan relations - Military relations
P.R. of China/Palestinian territories relations: China/Palestinian territories relations
Since September 2015 Peruvian protests against Las Bambas mining project: Since September 2015 Peruvian protests against Las Bambas mining project
P.R. of China/Philippines relations: PRC/Philippines relations
2013 foreign domestic workers' permanent residency denied by Hong Kong court: 25 March 2013: Hong Kong court ruling denies foreign domestic workers the right to apply for permanent residency
P.R. of China/Russia relations: PRC/Russia relations (since 1991)
History of Sino-Russian relations: History of Sino-Russian relations
P.R. of China/Saudi Arabia relations: China/Saudi Arabia relations
PR China-Saudi Arabia military relations: PRC-Saudi Arabia military relations
5 August 2020 Saudi Arabia reportedly expands nuclear program with China's help: 5 August 2020: Bone saw Saudi Arabia reportedly expands nuclear program, with China's help
13 August 2020 Beijing is supporting a nuclear program in Saudi Arabia, which Israel can’t afford to keep ignoring: 13 August 2020: Beijing is working on a strategic collaboration with Tehran and is supporting a nuclear program in Saudi Arabia, which Israel can’t afford to keep ignoring
P.R. of China/Senegal relations: P.R. of China/Senegal relations
P.R. of China/Sierra Leone relations: China/Sierra Leone relations
P.R. of China/Solomon Islands relations: China/Solomon Islands relations
7 December 2019 foreign relations in the sign of bribery:
7 December 2019: Solomon Islands politicians allege both Beijing regime and Taiwan offered bribes of hundreds of thousands of dollars to gain their support during a diplomatic row that rocked the country earlier this year, until in September Solomon Islands' Manasseh Sogavare formally severed ties with Taipei and established relations with Beijing, ending the country’s 36-year relationship with Taiwan
P.R. of China/Sweden relations: China/Sweden relations
P.R. of China/Syria relations: PRC/Syria relations
P.R. of China/Taiwan (Republic of China) relations: PRC/Taiwan (Republic of China) relations - Cross-Strait relations
4 October 2021 Taiwan reports record Chinese incursions into its air defence zone, reactions: 4 October 2021: Beijing regime sent a record number of military aircraft into Taiwan’s air defence zone on Monday, the fourth consecutive day of such air incursions by Beijing amid growing fears of further escalation, as Taiwan’s ministry of defence said it had detected at least 52 flights during daylight hours on Monday, including 36 fighter jets, 12 H-6 bombers, two transport aircraft and two surveillance aircraft. Late on Monday it reported another four fighter jets crossing into the zone after dark - 4 October 2021: Australia warns Beijing regime against ‘threat or use of force’ following Taiwan air incursions, as Canberra government weighs into dispute saying it wants ‘an Indo-Pacific region that is secure, prosperous and based on the rule of law’
26 December 2022 71 Chinese air force aircraft including fighter jets and drones entered Taiwan’s air defence identification zone in the past 24 hours: 26 December 2022: Seventy-one Chinese air force aircraft including fighter jets and drones entered Taiwan’s air defence identification zone in the past 24 hours, the island’s government said on Monday, the largest reported incursion to date. The incursion included 43 Chinese aircraft that crossed the Taiwan Strait’s median line, an unofficial buffer between the two sides that lies within the defence zone, Taiwan’s defence ministry said in a report, as Beijing continues military activities close to the island. Taiwan’s official Central News Agency said it was the largest Chinese air force incursion to date, although there was no sense of alarm on the island.
P.R. of China/Ukraine relations: PRC/Ukraine relations - 15 March 2014: Russia vetoes UN resolution declaring Crimea referendum invalid, but 13 other nations voted in favour and China abstained from voting isolating Putin regime - 17 March: China urges restraint in Ukraine, avoids comment on Crimea vote in favour of joining Russia - 26 May 2014: China respects the choice made by the Ukrainian people in presidential election and is willing to continue to actively develop bilateral strategic partnership, FM says - 26 December 2014: China willing to strengthen friendship with Ukraine, China's Ambassador Xiyun says - 26 March 2015: China to invest $ 15 bln in affordable housing in Ukraine - 30 June 2015: EU and China support the territorial integrity and sovereignty of Ukraine, EU's Donald Tusk says
June-December 2014 UK and Hong Kong democracy protests: 15 June 2014: China and Britain will sign business deals worth at least US$30 billion - 18 June 2014: Pro-democracy Hong Kong 2020 group's Anson Chan has urged Britain to live up to its commitments under the Joint Declaration - 2 October 2014: Hong Kong democracy protests spread to Chinese embassy in London as Hong Kong Overseas Alliance rallies more than 2,000 people for solidarity protest at Chinese regime's actions - 28 October: Hong Kong has spent billions on buying weapons from Britain - 2 November 2014: British banker charged with two counts of murder in Hong Kong after police found the mutilated corpses of two women in his apartment - 30 November 2014: China refuses House of Commons delegation entry to Hong Kong as pro-democracy protesters confront police on streets - 2 December: China has broken agreement to let Hong Kong govern its own borders for at least 50 years, say British MPs urging UK government to condemn China after it refused MPs to entry Hong Kong
P.R. of China/USA relations: PRC/USA relations
2012: 6 January 2012: China warns US on changed Asia military strategy - 2 May 2012: Hillary Clinton lands in China for talks as activist Chen case looms - 4 May: Chen Guangcheng's plea for protection from China deepens crisis - 4 May: The US says it expects China to allow prominent dissident Chen Guangcheng to travel abroad soon - 17 May: Activist Chen Guangcheng says passport application done - 20 May: Chinese dissident Chen Guangcheng arrived in New York City on Saturday - 2 June: The US will shift a majority of its warships to the Asia-Pacific region by 2020 - 3 June: China warns US from 'muddying waters' in South China Sea - 5 September: US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton is meeting Chinese leaders amid rumbling regional tensions over the South China Sea - 8 October: Chinese telecom giants Huawei and ZTE pose a security threat to the United States and should be barred from US contracts, report says - 20 novembre: Les Etats-Unis avaient dépassé l'Union européenne comme première destination des exportations chinoises
2013: 1 February 2013: Chinese hackers hit our computers, claim Wall Street Journal - 13 April 2013: The United States and China committed Saturday to a process aimed at ridding North Korea of its nuclear weapons - 8 June: US President Obama and Chinese counterpart Xi Jinping pledged to look for a new way of cooperation as they started a weekend of talks - 17 June: China asks US to explain Internet surveillance - 18 June: Obama says China hears and understands 'blunt' message on hacking - 25 June: China rejects US claim that it helped Edward Snowden to flee - 25 June: Beijing workers in the US factory 'Specialty Medical Supplies' holding US executive Chip Starnes say wages have not been paid - 27 June: US Chip Starnes leaves plant after payout - 30 October: China to step up own security after new NSA allegations - 3 December: China challenges US anti-dumping measures at WTO
2014: 1 May 2014: China's theft of trade secrets a major concern, USA says listing China as a major violator of intellectual property rights - 12 July: USA charges Chinese Su Bin for hacking into the computer systems of USA companies with large defence contracts, including Boeing - 2 October: USA 'support universal suffrage in Hong Kong, accordant with the Basic Law' FM John Kerry told reporters, renewing calls for restraint by the city’s police and standing alongside Chinese regime's FM Wang in Washington, who gives his version of 'rule of law' - 2 October: In New York's Times Square, demonstrators back Hong Kong protesters, many toting umbrellas which have become a symbol of the massive protests seeking democratic freedoms - 10 October: Hong Kong protesters won powerful USA backing as Congressional-Executive Commission on China urges President Obama to press concerns about democracy with Beijing's regime - 19 December 2014: Apple again criticized for working conditions and excessive hours at Chinese factories
2017: 12 March 2017: Trump's daughter is exception to father’s 'Buy American’ rule, as 82 shipments from China have carried goods for daughter of USA president’s clothing line following the November 2016 election, and more than 1,200 shipments of Trump-branded products have flowed into the USA from China and Hong Kong over the past decade - 31 May 2017: An activist investigating working conditions at a supplier for Ivanka Trump’s brand in China has been detained and two other activists missing since Sunday, New York-based 'China Labor Watch' NGO says, putting another spotlight on Chinese business activities linked to the USA presidential family - 6 June 2017: USA calls on China to release activists investigating Ivanka Trump brand - 6 June 2017: China won't release men investigating supplier producing Ivanka Trump items, after terrified Deng Guilian, the wife of one of the detainees, told the AP that she had been interrogated twice by police in her hometown in central China’s Hubei province, questioning her sharply about her contacts with foreign media - 21 June 2017: Production tables reviewed by the Guardian contradict public statements made by the brand owned by USA's Ivanka Trump, showing that Ivanka Trump shoes were still scheduled to be made at the factory two months after the brand said they had stopped
Since 1 February 2023 China balloon incident in the airspace over USA, Canada, and Latin America: On February 2, 2023, Canadian and American defense spokesmen announced that NORAD was tracking a surveillance balloon over the northern United States. The high-altitude balloon travelled over Alaska, across Yukon and British Columbia in Canada, and passed over Montana on February 1, and by February 3, was spotted over Missouri, continuing on an easterly course. The Chinese government alleged the balloon was a civilian airship used for meteorological research that had deviated from its course. In response, USA Secretary of State Antony Blinken postponed then cancelled his scheduled diplomatic trip to China. On February 3, the United States Department of Defense said a second surveillance balloon was flying over Latin America.
9 February 2023 Beijing regime's balloon was in fact for spying according to USA: 0 February 2023: Beijing regime's balloon shot down by the USA was equipped to detect and collect intelligence signals as part of a huge, military-linked aerial surveillance program that targeted more than 40 countries, according to the Biden administration, citing imagery from USA U-2 spy planes and saying a fleet of balloons operates under the direction of Beijing's army and is used specifically for spying, outfitted with high-tech equipment designed to gather sensitive information from targets across the globe - 9 February 2023: Beijing regime's balloon that flew over North America for more than a week before being shot down over the Atlantic was carrying equipment capable of intercepting and geolocating communications, the USA government has claimed. A senior state department official said on Thursday that equipment was identified by a U-2 spy plane sent up to scrutinise the balloon. USA's deputy secretary of state Wendy Sherman said that the Biden administration was reviewing its policy towards China, would be investing diplomatically in the Pacific to counter China’s 'growing coercion' in Asia, and will reopen a diplomatic presence in Solomon Islands also intending to send diplomats and Peace Corps volunteers back to Tonga and Kiribati.
P.R. of China/USA economic relations: PRC/USA economic relations
Since March 2018 China–USA 'trade war': Since March 2018 China–USA 'trade war'
P.R. China/Vanuatu relations: P.R. China/Vanuatu relations
P.R. of China/Vietnam relations: PRC/Vietnam relations
2014 Beijing regime's expansionism in South China Sea: 8 May 2014: Vietnam says that Chinese ships protecting an oil rig in disputed waters used water cannon to attack Vietnamese patrol vessels and repeatedly rammed them, injuring six people - 11 May 2014: Protesters staged one of Vietnam's largest ever anti-China demonstrations on Sunday, decrying China's deployment of a deep-water drilling rig in contested waters as territorial tensions soar - 13 May 2014: China's state-run media calls for regime's territorial challengers to be made to pay an 'unaffordable price' - 15 May 2014: As Beijing's expansionism in South China Sea provoke continued violent backlash in Vietnam, killed people reported - 27 May 2014: A Chinese fishing vessel rammed and sank a Vietnamese fishing boat in the disputed South China Sea
P.R. of China/Zimbabwe relations: PRC/Zimbabwe relations
Mountain ranges of China: Mountain ranges of China
Deforestation and forestry in China: Deforestation in China - Forestry in China
Salween Southeast Asian river: Salween Southeast Asian river, flowing from the Tibetan Plateau south into the Andaman Sea, as the Salween flows primarily within southwest China and eastern Myanmar (Burma) with a short section forming the border of Burma and Thailand, running swiftly through rugged mountain canyons (despite the river's great length, only the last 90 km are navigable), as due to its great range of elevation and latitude coupled with geographic isolation, the Salween basin is considered one of the most ecologically diverse regions in the world, containing an estimated 25% of the world's terrestrial animal species and thousands of plant species, as - along its course - the Salween provides water for agriculture and supports abundant fisheries, especially in the delta region, as the Salween basin is home to numerous ethnic minority groups, whose ancestors largely originated in the Tibetan Plateau and northwest China, the - starting about 5,000 years ago - people began migrating south along the river, establishing small kingdoms and city-states
Yangtze and Yellow river degradation and water quality: Yangtze river degradation and water quality - Yellow river pollution
Dams and reservoirs in China: List of dams and reservoirs in China
Water resources, supply and sanitation in China: Water supply and sanitation in China - Water resources of China - Reservoirs in China
Irrigation and canals in China: Irrigation in China and canals
Biota of China and lists: Biota of China and lists
Beijing pollution: China Beijing Environmental Exchange - 12 January 2013: Central Committee, good morning! Air pollution in the Chinese capital Beijing has reached levels judged as hazardous to human health - 13 January: Residents of Beijing have been refusing to step outdoors due to fears sparked by the dangerous levels of pollutants in the air - 20 January: As media describe the expensive air purifiers government officials enjoy, report of special farms so cadres need not risk suffering from recurring food safety scandals and as lung cancer rates in Beijing have shot upward by 60% in the last decade, authorities plan emergency measures to control Beijing air pollution - 29 January: Dangerous smog returns in Beijing for fourth time in a month - 31 January: Hospital visits rise due to pollution, doctors and media say - 22 February: China's environment ministry has acknowledged the existence of 'cancer villages', after years of assertions by academics and domestic media that polluted areas experience higher rates of the disease - 16 January 2014: Beijing air pollution Thursday with a concentration of toxic particles more than two dozen times the level considered safe - 13 February 2014: China smog makes capital 'barely suitable' for life, an official Chinese report says
2015: 28 January 2015: Beijing smog makes city 'unliveable', mayor discovers in 2015 as report finds tourism to Chinese city falls 10% on year before - 30 November 2015: The capitals of the world's two most populous nations China and India, Beijing and Delhi, were blanketed in hazardous, choking smog on Monday as climate change talks began in Paris, where both countries causing large proportion of pollution are participants - 1 décembre 2015: Pékin 'en alerte orange' pour le troisième jour consécutif en raison d'une pollution record sur le nord de la Chine - 8/9 December: After smog reaches 40 times safe level in some areas, Beijing's red alert prompts schools and factories to close, force millions of vehicles off roads, and China’s national broadcaster urges citizens to 'smile' as air pollution reach threatening levels - 18 décembre 2015: Le niveau 'rouge' de la pollution de l'air dans la capitale chinoise est atteint pour la deuxième fois en quelques jours - 25 décembre 2015: Pékin se réveille dans un épais brouillard polluant, d'une nocivité 25 fois supérieure aux plafonds recommandés
Electronic waste in China: Electronic waste in China
Environmental disasters in P.R. of China: Environmental disasters in China
Environmental issues in China: Environmental issues in China
Debate over China's economic responsibilities for climate change mitigation: Debate over China's economic responsibilities for climate change mitigation
Droughts and heatwaves in China: Droughts in China - 2010-2011 China drought
2007 Asian heatwave in China: 2007 Asian heatwave in China
Wildfires in China: Wildfires in China
June-July 2011 China floodings: 2011 China floods - 8 June 2011: Floods in Southwest China June 2011 - 11 June: More floods in China - 17. Juni 2011: Hochwasser in Ostchina - Deichbruch - 17. Juli 2011: Auch im Juli Überschwemmungen und Erdrutsche in China
2012 China deadly floods: 13 May 2012: Hail and rain storms in Gansu province kill dozens - 27 June: Heavy rains in South China - 9 dead, millions affected - 22 July: The heaviest rain in 61 years in the capital Beijing has left 10 people dead - 23 July 2012: China fury after Beijing deluge
July-August 2013 deadly China floods: July 2013 Southwest China floods - 10 July 2013: Mudslide buries dozens of people - 13 July 2013: Landslides and floods in Sichuan province had killed 31 people by Thursday, with 166 more missing - 18 August 2013: Severe floods kill 37 in northeast China
Since 17 July 2021 Henan floods and impact: Since 17 July 2021 Henan floods and impact
July 2022 deadly floods in many parts of China amid heatwave: 18 July 2022: China floods leave at least 12 dead, with thousands evacuated, as another 12 missing in flash floods in Sichuan and Gansu, as some areas receive double their monthly rain in less than two days, and as the rains come amid a heatwave in parts of the country including eastern Zhejiang province and the city of Shanghai, with temperatures soaring as high as 42C last week. The heatwaves are expected to return this week in many parts of China, lasting through to late August, according to state weather forecaster said. Temperatures from 39C to 42C are expected in the southern region after July 20, including the provinces of Jiangxi, Zhejiang and Fujian, as the sweltering heat will last for an 'extended period' of 40 days, up from the usual 30, and as experts say such extreme weather events are becoming more likely because of climate change, mainly caused by the burning of fossil fuels
Landslides in China: Landslides in China
Typhoons in China: Typhoons in China
2011/2012: 2011 Pacific typhoon season - 2012 typhoon Saola - 2012 typhoon Damrey - 2012 typhoon Haikui - 2012 typhoon Kai-tak
2013: Typhoon Soulik July 2013 - 14 juillet 2013: Le typhon Soulik a fait trois morts et entraîné l'évacuation d'un demi-million de personnes - Typhoon Utor August 2013 - Typhoon Usagi September 2013 - 23 septembre: Typhon Usagi fait au moins 25 morts dans le sud de la Chine - Typhoon Fitow October 2013 - 7 octobre: Le typhon Fitow frappe la côte orientale, au moins 5 morts - 16 October: Thousands Protest in Flood-Hit Chinese City - Typhoon Haiyan November 2013 - 12 November 2013: Haiyan killed eight people in southern China and inflicted hundreds of millions of dollars in damage to farming and fishing industries
2014/2015: Typhoon Rammasun July 2014 - 19 July 2014: Typhoon Rammasun kills at least eight people in China - September 2014 Typhoon Kalmaegi - July 2015 Typhoon Chan-hom - 11 July 2015: China evacuates 865,000 peope and cancels flights as Chan-hom heads toward the country’s southeastern coast - August 2015 Typhoon Soudelor - 10 August: Typhoon Soudelor hits China with deaths, floods and mudslides - September 2015 Typhoon Dujuan - September/October 2015 Typhoon Mujigae - 5 October 2015: Seven people were killed and more than 200 injured after Typhoon Mujigae ploughed through China's southern province of Guangdong
2016: July 2016 Typhoon Nepartak - 11 July 2016: After hitting Taiwan, typhoon Nepartak brings chaos to China’s south-eastern coast killing six people, with at least eight more missing, as tens of thousands flee storm - August 2016 Typhoon Nida - September 2016 Category 5 Typhoon Meranti - 16/18 September: Since Meranti made landfall in the eastern provinces of Fujian and Zhejiang, the typhoon has left dozens dead and missing and caused direct economic losses of more than $2.5bn - September 2016 Typhoon Megi - 29 September: Landslides caused by typhoon Megi have ploughed into villages in eastern Zhejiang province, swallowing up dozens of houses and leaving more than 30 people missing, as critics say local governments, especially in the frequently hit coastal provinces in China’s east, misallocate funding or fail to spend enough on defences against floods and other problems caused by heavy rain
August 2017: August 2017 Typhoon Hato - 23 August 2017: Typhoon Hato kills three in Macau and batters Hong Kong - 28 August 2017: Storm Pakhar hits Hong Kong and Macau days after deadly Hato
June/July 2018: June 2018 Tropical Storm Ewiniar - July 2018 Typhoon Maria
September 2018 Typhoon Mangkhut: September 2018 Typhoon Mangkhut - 16 September 2018: Typhoon Mangkhut killed at least 30 people in the Philippines as it obliterated homes and crops and caused massive flooding, and is now on course to plough into energy-hungry China’s southern coast - 17 September 2018: After leaving at least 64 people dead in the Philippines amid landslides and flooding, and a trail of damage across the nation’s bread basket in the northern Philippines, storm Mangkhut hits south China injuring more than 100 people in Hong Kong and forcing 2.4 million to flee in Guangdong
August 2019 Typhoon Lekima: August 2019 Typhoon Lekima - 9 August 2019: China issues 'red alert' as super typhoon Lekima approaches Zhejiang province on the eastern coast - 10 August 2019: 18 people have been killed and 14 were missing in eastern China in a landslide triggered by typhoon Lekima, which caused widespread transport disruptions and the evacuation of more than a million people - 12 August 2019: Powerful typhoon Lekima sweeps away buildings in eastern China - 13 août 2019: Le bilan du passage du typhon Lekima en Chine s'est encore alourdi, les autorités faisant désormais état de 49 morts et 21 disparus mardi, trois jours après l'arrivée de la dépression qui continuait sa progression vers le nord, causant des milliards de yuans de dégâts
25 July 2021 Typhoon In-fa: July 2021 Typhoon In-fa - 25 July 2021: China's commercial hub Shanghai and neighbouring coastal regions cancelled all flights, slowed or suspended subway trains and shuttered businesses as Typhoon In-fa made landfall on Sunday, bringing flooding and felling around 1,000 trees
1/2 July 2022 Typhoon Chaba: 1/2 July 2022 Typhoon Chaba, after a tropical depression was upgraded to a typhoon on 2 July. 160 nautical miles southwest of Hong Kong, a ship broke into two, leaving more than two dozen of its crew missing - 2 July 2022: Dozens feared dead as ship sinks in South China Sea, as at least three people rescued from ship that broke in two during typhoon
17 July 2023 Typhoon Talim lands in southern China, flights and trains cancelled: 17 July 2023: Typhoon Talim became the first typhoon to make landfall in China this year on Monday evening, prompting authorities to issue flood warnings, cancel flights and trains, and order people to stay at home
Since 19 July 2023 deadly typhoon Doksuri brings heavy rains: Since 19 July 2023 typhoon Doksuri - in the Philippines super typhoon Egay - caused extensive damage in the Philippines, Taiwan, and China. By 27 July Doksuri underwent another round of rapid intensification in the South China Sea and moved towards Fujian in China. The typhoon killed 57 and left 91 persons injured, including 27 people on board the MB Aya Express who were killed when the pump boat capsized. Floods were reported in 9 out of the Philippines' 17 regions, affecting over 2 million people and requiring over 300 thousand to evacuate. In Taiwan, around 150,000 people across the country lost power. In China Doksuri was the strongest typhoon to impact southeastern Fujian province since Typhoon Meranti in 2016.
31 August 2023 China issued the highest typhoon warning as typhoon Saola crawled closer to the south-eastern coastline: 31 August 2023: Beijing regime has issued the highest typhoon warning as typhoon Saola with winds reaching 209km/h crawled closer to the south-eastern coastline, threatening Hong Kong and other major manufacturing hubs in neighbouring Guangdong province
August-September 2023 typhoon Saola: As of 06:00 UTC September 2, Severe Tropical Storm Saola is located about 87 nautical miles west-southwest of Hong Kong
2 September 2023 typhoon Saola makes landfall in southern China as nearly 900,000 evacuated: 2 September 2023: Typhoon Saola has made landfall in southern China after nearly 900,000 people were moved to safety and most of Hong Kong and other parts of coastal southern China suspended business, transport and schools
Tornadoes and storms in China: 21 March 2013: At least 24 people died and scores were injured after a tornado carrying huge hailstones lashed southern China, causing widespread devastation and a ferry to capsize - 23 March: Hailstorms kill 12 people and injured hundreds in southern China - 18 May 2013: Southern China rainstorms kill 55, leave 14 missing - 24 June 2016: Hurricane-force winds, freak hailstorms, pounding rain and a tornado killed 78 people in China's eastern province of Jiangsu on Thursday and injured nearly 500 others
15 May 2021 China tornadoes kill 10 people, injure hundreds: 15 May 2021: China tornadoes kill 10 people, injure hundreds, as state media says at least six people died in the inland city of Wuhan, where covid-19 first emerged in late 2019
Earthquakes in China: Earthquakes in China List of earthquakes in China
2012 Yunnan earthquakes: 2012 Yunnan earthquakes - 8 September 2012: At least 80 people have been killed and 20.000 homes damaged by a series of earthquakes in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces
2013 Ya'an Sichuan earthquake: 2013 Ya'an Sichuan earthquake - 20 April 2013: A strong earthquake struck southwestern Sichuan province, five years after a massive quake devastated the region - 22 July 2013: Earthquake in western China kills 22 people, injuring nearly 300
2017 Jiuzhaigou earthquake: August 2017 Jiuzhaigou earthquake - 8 August 2017: As many as 100 people feared dead in Chinese earthquake in Sichuan
September 2019 earthquake: 8 September 2019: An earthquake struck China's mountainous southwest on Sunday, killing at least one person and injuring 63
22 May 2021 a series of earthquakes rattled south-west and north-west China: 21 May 2021 2021 Dali earthquake - 22 May 2021 2021 Maduo earthquake - 22 May 2021: A series of earthquakes and aftershocks have rattled south-west and north-west China, leaving at least three people dead and 33 injured, according to Chinese media, as both Yunnan province in south-western China and Qinghai province in the north-west on the Tibetan plateau are prone to earthquakes
16 September 2021 3 peoople killed, dozens injured as earthquake hits China’s Sichuan: 16 September 2021: Three killed, dozens injured as earthquake hits China’s Sichuan, as rescue under way after shallow tremor struck not far from Chongqing in the early hours of the morning
5 September 2022 Luding earthquake in Sichuan province: 5 September 2022 Luding earthquake in Sichuan province, as its epicenter was located 226 km from Chengdu. A total of 66 people died, 253 were injured and 15 remained missing. It was the largest to strike the province since 2017. - 6 September 2022: Rescue efforts are underway following a 6.8 magnitude earthquake that killed at least 65 people and left hundreds stranded or missing in China’s southwestern Sichuan province, as rescuers scoured through rubble in remote villages to find survivors and those missing after the earthquake triggered landslides and shook buildings as far away as the provincial capital Chengdu
18 December 2023 Jishishan earthquake: 18 December 2023 Jishishan County earthquake in Gansu Province struck a densely populated area on the border between Gansu and Qinghai provinces. At least 127 people were killed, 734 injured and 20 people were missing in both provinces - 18/19 August 2017: After Jishishan County earthquake rescue efforts hampered by cold weather

Tibet
Geography and economy of Tibet: Geography of Tibet - Economy of Tibet
Tibetan society and culture: Tibetan society - Tibetan culture - Tibetan language and Tibetic languages, a cluster of Tibeto-Burman languages descended from Old Tibetan, spoken across the Himalayan Massif, including the Tibetan Plateau and the Himalayas in Baltistan, Ladakh, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, Assam and Arunachal Pradesh, as classical Tibetan is a major regional literary language, and as Tibetan languages are spoken by some 6 million people - Tibetan women by occupation, Tibetan women journalists and Tibetan women in politics - Tibetan people by occupation - Education in Tibet - Health in Tibet - Tibetan Buddhism
Tibet Autonomous Region: Tibet Autonomous Region, as Tibet has the lowest population density among any of the Chinese province-level administrative regions, mostly due to its harsh and rugged terrain
Demographics of Tibet Autonomous Region: Demographics of Tibet Autonomous Region
Ethnic groups in Tibet: Ethnic groups in Tibet, including Lhoba people, Monpa people (Monba), Nakhi people with 300,000 citiizens (Naxi), Nu, Sherpa, as Tibetan people is the main ethnic group native to Tibet, as their current population is estimated to be around 6.7 million, and as - in addition to the majority living in Tibet Autonomous Region - significant numbers live in the Baltistan region of Pakistan, Chinese provinces of Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan and Yunnan, as well as in India, Nepal and Bhutan
Sherpa Tibetan ethnic group: Sherpa, one of the Tibetan ethnic groups native to the most mountainous regions of Nepal, Tingri County and the Himalayas, as the term 'sherpa' derives from Sherpa language words referring to their geographical origin of eastern Tibet - Tingri County or Dhringgri County, a county under the administration Xigazê in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China, comprising the upper valley of the Bum-chu or Arun River, with the valleys of its tributaries plus the valleys of the Rongshar Tsangpo and the Lapchi Gang Tsanpo which flow south into Nepal, bordering on the south by the main range of the Himalayas including Mount Everest (Chomolungma), Makalu and Cho Oyu, as the present county administration is located at Shelkar, about 87 km east of Tingri town, and as it is one of the four counties that comprise the Qomolangma National Nature Preserve (Tingri, Dinjie, Nyalam, and Kyirong)
11 May 2021 increase of Tibet's population in the last decade, the fastest growing of province-level administrative regions: 11 May 2021: Reuters news agency - in its Factbox-Key takeaways from China's 2020 population census - reports a significant increase of Tibet's population in the last decade, now with 3,648,100 citizens (2020), an increase of 22% across from the number of 3,002,166 in 2010, as about 90% are Tibetans, and as ethnic group residing in Tibet include Bai people, Blang, Bonan, Dongxiang, Han, Hui people, Lhoba, Lisu people, Miao, Mongols, Monguor (Tu people), Menba (Monpa), Mosuo, Nakhi, Qiang, Nu people, Pumi, Salar, and Yi people
Education in Tibet: Education in Tibet
Universities and colleges in Tibet - List of universities and colleges in Tibet - Since 1985 Tibet University, the largest university in the Tibet Autonomous Region with an internationally renowned department of Tibetan Studies and a majority ethnic Tibetan student body, as the university maintains a focus on local communities and cultures, having four campuses in Lhasa including Na Jin campus, He Ba Lin campus, Financial School campus, and Medical School campus, as in September 2017 Tibet University was recognized as Ministry of Education Double First Class Discipline University
2010 Tibetan students' series of language protests linked to Beijing regime's 'pro-Mandarin, anti-Cantonese dialect' legislation: October 2010 Tibetan language protest, a series of protests in Tongren County, Gonghe County and Maqên County, in Qinghai Province, Beijing's Minzu University of China, designated for ethnic minorities, and Xiahe County in Gansu Province, by ethnic Tibetan students - Causes of protests include regime's discrimination of the Tibetan language, after a July 2010 mass assembly in Guangzhou in protest against the perceived encroachment of Standard Mandarin on Cantonese language provided inspiration and encouragement for Tibetan people to voice their dissatisfaction - 20 October 2010: Possibly as many as 7,000 Tibetan students staged a rare protest through the town of Tongren in western Qinghai province Tuesday, angered by reports that local officials planned to end school instruction in the Tibetan language, and after in 2008 mass protests broke out in the Tibetan capital of Lhasa and spread eastward across the Tibetan Plateau - Hong Kong Cantonese, a dialect of the Cantonese language of the Sino-Tibetan family, and the native and de facto standard language of Hong Kong, as a similar dialect is also spoken in Macau, Guangzhou, Pearl River Delta of Guangdong province, eastern Guangxi - Other universities for ethnic minorities in the P.R. of China include Dalian University for Nationalities, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Northwest University for Nationalities, Qinghai University for Nationalities, South-Central University for Nationalities, Southwest University for Nationalities, Yunnan University for Nationalities, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities
Human rights in Tibet: Human rights in Tibet - Since 2019 Labour camps in Tibet
Media in Tibet: Media in Tibet - Media in Lhasa
Tibetan news websites: Tibetan news websites
Regional government, chairman and political leaders of Tibet: Regional government, led by a chairman in practice a subordinate to the branch secretary of the Communist Party of China, and as a matter of convention the cairman has almost always been an ethnic Tibetan, while the party secretary has always been ethnically non-Tibetan - List of modern political leaders of Tibet - Bilateral relations of Tibet
2021 Central Tibetan Administration general election: 2021 Central Tibetan Administration general election, as Tibetan Election Commission of the Central Tibetan Administration has confirmed that the procedure set for the preparation of the next general elections of 2021 is underway, according to a statement by Wangdu Tsering Pesur, chief electoral commissioner
Administrative divisions of the Tibet Autonomous Region: List of administrative divisions of the Tibet Autonomous Region, that has three administrative divisional levels including prefectural, county, and township - Prefecture-level divisions of Tibet - List of township-level divisions of the Tibet Autonomous Region, as of the end of 2014, there are a total of 691 such divisions in TAR, divided into 9 subdistricts, 140 towns, 534 townships, and 8 ethnic townships
Lhasa prefecture-level city: Lhasa city, one of the main administrative divisions of the Tibet Autonomous Region of China coverings an area of 29,274 square kilometres of rugged and sparsely populated terrain, as its capital and largest city is Lhasa, with around 300,000 residents, which mostly corresponds with the administrative Chengguan District, while its suburbs extend into Doilungdêqên District and Dagzê District, as city's boundaries roughly correspond to the basin of the Lhasa River, a major tributary of the Yarlung Tsangpo River, as the temperature is generally warm in summer and rises above freezing on sunny days in winter, as most of the rain falls in summer and the upland areas and northern grasslands are used for grazing yaks, sheep and goats, while the river valleys support agriculture with crops such as barley, wheat and vegetables, as the prefecture's census gave a total population of 559,423 residents in 2010, of whom 387,124 were ethnic Tibetans - Lhasa, the urban center of the prefecture-level Lhasa City and the administrative capital of Tibet, as the inner urban area of Lhasa City is equivalent to the administrative borders of Chengguan District, which is part of the wider prefectural Lhasa City - Demographics, economy, culture, education and transport of Lhasa
History of Tibet: History of Tibet
20th century Tibetan independence movement and diaspora: Tibetan independence movement, a political movement for the independence of Tibet and the political separation of Tibet from China, principally led by the Tibetan diaspora in countries like India and the USA and by celebrities and Tibetan Buddhists in the USA, India and Europe, as the movement is no longer supported by the 14th Dalai Lama, who although having advocated it from 1961 to the late 1970s
Timeline of Tibetan history: Timeline of Tibetan history
October 1950 Battle of Chamdo and annexation of Tibet by the PRC: October 1950 Battle of Chamdo, a military campaign by the People's Republic of China PRC to take the Chamdo Region from a de facto independent Tibetan state after months of failed negotiations on the status of Tibet, as the campaign resulted in the capture of Chamdo and further negotiations between the PRC and Tibetan representatives that eventually resulted in the annexation of Tibet by the PRC
Since 1950 protests and uprisings in Tibet: Since 1950 protests and uprisings in Tibet
March 1959 Tibetan uprising: March 1959 Tibetan uprising (or the 1959 Tibetan rebellion) began on 10 March, when a revolt erupted in Lhasa, the capital of Tibet, which had been under the effective control of the People's Republic of China since the Seventeen Point Agreement was reached in 1951
1959-1961 Great Chinese Famine and aftermath: 1959-1961 Great Chinese Famine, widely regarded as the deadliest famine and one of the greatest man-made disasters in human history, with an estimated death toll due to starvation that ranges in the tens of millions (15 to 55 million), as the major contributing factors in the famine were the policies of the Great Leap Forward (1958 to 1962) and people's communes, such as inefficient distribution of food due to the planned economy, requiring the use of poor agricultural techniques, the Four Pests Campaign that reduced bird populations (which disrupted the ecosystem), over-reporting of grain production (which was actually decreasing), and ordering millions of farmers to switch to iron and steel production, as during the 'Seven Thousand Cadres Conference' in early 1962 the second Chairman of the PRC Liu Shaoqi formally attributed 30% of the famine to natural disasters and 70% to man-made errors, as after the launch of 'Reforms and Opening Up' the Chinese Communist Party CCP officially stated in June 1981 that the famine was mainly due to the mistakes of the Great Leap Forward as well as the Anti-Rightist Campaign, in addition to some natural disasters and the 1956–1966 'Sino-Soviet split'
2008 Tibetan unrest: 2008 Tibetan unrest
21st century self-immolation protests by Tibetans in China: 21st century self-immolation protests by Tibetans in China, as of July 2020, 156 monks, nuns, and ordinary people self-immolated in since 27 February 2009, when Tapey, a young monk from Kirti Monastery, set himself on fire in the marketplace in Ngawa City, Ngawa County, and as - according to the International Campaign for Tibet (ICT) - 'Chinese police have beaten, shot, isolated, and disappeared self-immolators who survived'
Since 2009 time and place of self-immolations in Tibet: 2009-2017 Time and place of self-immolations in Tibet
2010-2012 'pro-Mandarin, anti-Cantonese' legislation and Tibetan students' series of language protests: October 2010 Tibetan language protest, a series of protests in Tongren County, Gonghe County and Maqên County, in Qinghai Province, Minzu University of China in Beijing, and Xiahe County in Gansu Province, by ethnic Tibetan students - Since 1 March 2012 'Guangdong National Language Regulations', a set of laws enacted by the Guangdong provincial government in the P.R. of China to promote the use of Standard Mandarin Chinese in broadcast and print media at the expense of the local standard Cantonese and other related dialects, labelled a 'pro-Mandarin, anti-Cantonese' legislation
10 March 2011 Dalai Lama resigns political leadership role: March 2011 Dalai Lama resigns political leadership role - 10 March 2011: Dalai Lama has announced he will retire from political life within days, as Beijing regime's government called the retirement a 'political show' and said that the CTA is illegal and any moves will not be recognized
10 February 2012 killed protesters and self-immolation: 10. Februar 2012: Wieder erschossene Demonstranten und Selbstverbrennung in Tibet
March 2012 self-immolations: 15. März 2012: 'Wer tatenlos zuschaut, riskiert eine Eskalation' - Die Selbstverbrennungen in Tibet zeugen von grosser Verzweiflung
15-17 August 2012 protests and self-immolation: 15 August 2012: Hundreds of Tibetans demonstrated in northwest China on Tuesday after police beat four people and threatened them with guns - 17. August 2012: Auch der zweite Tibeter, der sich aus Protest gegen die Tibet-Politik selbst angezündet hatte, ist seinen Verletzungen erlegen
October 2012 more self-immolations: 27 October 2012: 23-year-old Tsewang Kyab has become the fifth Tibetan in a week to set self on fire and die in Amuquhu town in Xiahe county
November 2012 self-immolations: 8 November 2012: Three teenage monks and a Tibetan woman set fire to themselves in an unprecedented string of protests against Chinese rule - 16 November 2012: Two more Tibetans have died after reportedly setting themselves on fire in protest against Chinese rule
October 2013 Chinese police opened fire on a group of protesters: 9 October 2013: Chinese police opened fire on a group of protesters, demanding the release of a fellow Tibetan detained for refusing to fly the Chinese flag, injuring 60

6 July 2021 4 Tibetan monks sentenced to up to 20 years jail in secret trials with no apparent evidence of criminal wrongdoing: 6 July 2021: Four Tibetan monks were sentenced to up to 20 years jail in secret trials with no apparent evidence of criminal wrongdoing after a violent raid on a monastery in 2019, according to a report from HRW calling for their release, as the raid, details of which the rights organisation says have come to light for the first time, was sparked by police obtaining a phone, accidentally left at a cafe, containing WeChat messages to people in Nepal and evidence of a donation to an earthquake relief effort

Environment of Tibet: Environment of Tibet - Geology of Tibet - Geology of the Himalaya
Rivers of Tibet: Rivers of Tibet
Yarlung Tsangpo, Brahmaputra river: Yarlung Tsangpo or Brahmaputra river (the Yarlung Tsangpo in Tibet, the Siang/Dihang River in Arunachal Pradesh, and Luit, Dilao in Assam), a trans-boundary river which flows through Tibet, India, and Bangladesh, as it is the 9th largest river in the world by discharge with its origin in the Manasarovar Lake region on the northern side of the Himalayas in Burang County of Tibet as the Yarlung Tsangpo River flows along southern Tibet to break through the Himalayas in great gorges (including the Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon) and into Arunachal Pradesh, then flows southwest through the Assam Valley as Brahmaputra and south through Bangladesh as the Jamuna, then - in the vast Ganges Delta - merging with the Padma, the popular name of the river Ganges in Bangladesh, and becoming the Meghna river before emptying into the Bay of Bengal - Tributaries of the Brahmaputra River - Lhasa River, a northern tributary of the Yarlung Tsangpo River in the south of Tibet, as the Yarlung Tsangpo is the upper section of the Brahmaputra River, forming an important agricultural area, as the city of Lhasa is named after the river, and as there are two large hydroelectric power stations on the river - List of dams and other hydro–infrastructure on the Brahmaputra River in China, India and Bangladesh
29 November 2020 China to build a super dam on its part of Brahmaputra river: 29 November 2020: China to build a super dam on its part of Brahmaputra river, as the new dam’s ability to generate hydropower could be three times that of central China’s Three Gorges Dam, which has the largest installed hydropower capacity in the world
Indus river: Indus river, a transboundary river of Asia and a trans-Himalayan river of South and East Asia, as the 3,180 km river rises in Western Tibet, flows northwest through the Ladakh and Gilgit-Baltistan regions of Kashmir, bends sharply to the left after the Nanga Parbat massif, and flows south-by-southwest through Pakistan, before it empties into the Arabian Sea near the port city of Karachi - Tributaries of the Indus River
National Projects of the Ministry of Water Resources of India: List of National Projects of the Ministry of Water Resources of India - List of major rivers of India
Mekong river: Mekong river from the Tibetan Plateau, a trans-boundary river in East Asia and Southeast Asia with an estimated length is 4,909 km, draining an area of 795,000 km2, discharging 475 km3 of water annually, running through China, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam, as - despite seasonal variations in flow and presence of rapids and waterfalls making navigation difficult - the river is also a major trade route between western China and Southeast Asia - Tributaries of the Mekong River - Dams in the Mekong River Basin
Salween Southeast Asian river: Salween Southeast Asian river, flowing from the Tibetan Plateau south into the Andaman Sea, as the Salween flows primarily within southwest China and eastern Myanmar (Burma) with a short section forming the border of Burma and Thailand, running swiftly through rugged mountain canyons (despite the river's great length, only the last 90 km are navigable), as due to its great range of elevation and latitude coupled with geographic isolation, the Salween basin is considered one of the most ecologically diverse regions in the world, containing an estimated 25% of the world's terrestrial animal species and thousands of plant species, as - along its course - the Salween provides water for agriculture and supports abundant fisheries, especially in the delta region, as the Salween basin is home to numerous ethnic minority groups, whose ancestors largely originated in the Tibetan Plateau and northwest China, the - starting about 5,000 years ago - people began migrating south along the river, establishing small kingdoms and city-states
Yangtze river: Yangtze river, the longest river in Asia, the third-longest in the world, that rises at Jari Hill in the Tanggula Mountains of the Tibetan Plateau, flowing 6,300 km in a generally easterly direction to the East China Sea, as its drainage basin comprises one-fifth of the land area of China, and is home to nearly one-third of the country's population
Beijing's South–North Water Transfer Project: South–North Water Transfer Project, a multi-decade infrastructure mega-project in China, aiming ultimately to channel 44.8 billion cubic meters of fresh water annually from the Yangtze River in southern China to the more arid and industrialized north through three canal systems
Natural and man-made disasters in China and Tibet: Natural and man-made disasters in China and Tibet
Climate change in Beijing ruled China, the largest source of carbon dioxide emissions: Climate change in China, having major effects on the economy, society and the environment, as Beijing ruled China is the largest source of carbon dioxide emissions, through an energy infrastructure heavily focused on fossil fuels and coal, as also other industries, such as a burgeoning construction industry and industrial manufacturing contribute heavily to carbon emissions
Earthquakes in Tibet: Earthquakes in Tibet
22 May 2021 Maduo earthquake: 22 May 2021 Maduo earthquake, also known as the 5.22 earthquake struck Madoi County in Qinghai Province
March 2013 landslide buried 83 people in Tibet's Lhasa Maizhokunggar county gold mine area: 29/30 March 2013: After a landslide buried 83 people in Tibet's Lhasa Maizhokunggar county gold mine area, working for a subsidiary of the state-owned China National Gold Group Corp., search continues for trapped miners




Georgia - Geography of Georgia - History of Georgia - Demographics of Georgia
Economy of Georgia: Economy of Georgia - main industries include manufacturing (manufacture of food products, beverages and tobacco products), electricity, gas and water supply, mining and quarrying, steel, electrical appliances, chemicals, wood products, wine - Companies of Georgia by industry
Agriculture in Georgia: Agriculture in Georgia - Land distribution - Georgian wine
Georgian Armed Forces: Georgian Armed Forces - Wars involving Georgia - Immediate Response July 2008 - Russia–Georgia war August 2008 - Georgia–NATO relations
Taxation in Georgia: Taxation in Georgia
Politics of Georgia: Politics of Georgia - 1995 Constitution of Georgia
Political parties in Georgia: Political parties in Georgia
Trade unions in Georgia: Trade unions in Georgia - Independent Association of Georgian Journalists
Elections in Georgia: Elections in Georgia
October 2012 Georgian parliamentary election: Georgian parliamentary election 1 October 2012 - 1 octobre: Les Géorgiens se rendent aux urnes après le scandale des tortures en prison - 2 October: Early parliamentary election results suggest a clear lead of the opposition led by Bidzina Ivanishvili - 3 October: Georgian opposition wins parliamentary polls
October 2013 Georgian presidential election: Georgian presidential election 27 October 2013 - 28 octobre 2013: Georgy Margvelachvili a obtenu 63,8% des voix, le candidat du président sortant Saakachvili, David Bakradzé, arrive loin derrière avec 21,3% des voix
May 2014 Georgian local election: Georgian local election May 2014 - 21 June 2014: Local elections boost Alliance of Patriots’ ambitions for parliamentary polls
October 2016 Georgian parliamentary election: 8 October 2016 Georgian parliamentary election - 11 October: 'Georgian Dream' wins around 48% and 'United National Movement' around 27% of the vote in Georgian election
October 2017 Georgian local elections: 21 October 2017 Georgian local elections
October 2018 Georgian presidential election: 28 October 2018 Georgian presidential election - 29 October 2018: Georgians will choose a new president in a runoff on 2 December after a very close first-round vote
November 2018 Georgian presidential election: November 2018 Georgian presidential election - 29 novembre 2018: Salomé Zourabichvili, candidate du parti au pouvoir, a remporté mercredi la présidentielle en Georgie
June 2019 Georgians injured for murderous Putin regime: 21 June 2019: Sparked by the appearance of a Russian regime's MP, who was allowed to chair a session of Georgian parliament, dozens injured after Georgia police fire rubber bullets at demonstrators
October 2020 Georgian parliamentary election: 31 October 2020 Georgian parliamentary election - 31 octobre 2020: Les Géorgiens appelés aux urnes pour les législatives
1 November 2020 controversial preliminary results: 1 novembre 2020: Le parti au pouvoir en tête des législatives, mais l’opposition rejette les premiers résultats donnant le parti au pouvoir en tête des élections législatives et appelle à manifester
21 November 2020 Georgian parliamentary election second round: 21 November 2020 Georgian parliamentary election second round
2 October 2021 Georgian local self-government election: 2 October 2021 Georgian local self-government election, to elect the bodies of local government of Georgia - Opinion polls
2 October 2021 Georgians vote in key local polls after Saakashvili’s arrest: 2 October 2021: Voters in Georgia are casting ballots in closely watched municipal elections, a day after Mikheil Saakashvili returned from exile and was arrested. The detention of the country’s foremost opposition figure raised the stakes in Saturday’s polls seen as a key test for the Georgian Dream party, the increasingly unpopular governing party. Saakashvili, who was detained shortly afterwards over a 2018 conviction in absentia on abuse of office charges - 10. August 2008: Krieg im Südkaukasus nachdem das georgische Militär am 8. August 2008 in Südossetien einmarschiert ist und nun dabei ist deren Hauptstadt Zchinwali in Trümmer zu legen. Zahlen von 1400 Toten allein infolge dieses Angriffs werden genannt. Georgiens Präsident Saakaschwili spielt mit dem Feuer, weil er die schützende Hand der NATO mit ihren Atomraketen in den Tagen des 6. bis 9. August schon über sich wähnt
9 March 2023 Georgia’s ruling party will drop its bill on 'foreign agents' similar to Russian legislation: 9 March 2023: Georgia’s ruling party has said it will drop its bill on 'foreign agents' similar to Russian legislation after fierce opposition culminated in two nights of violent protests and criticism that the draft law would limit press freedom and undercut the country’s efforts to become a candidate for EU membership
26/27 October 2024 Georgian parliamentary election and results: 26 October 2024 Georgian parliamentary election to elect 150 member of Georgia's parliament, as 76 seats needed for a majority - 27 October 2024: Georgia’s pro-western opposition has called on the country to protest on Monday against the disputed parliamentary victory of the ruling, Russia-aligned Georgian Dream party GD. GD retained power in Saturday’s pivotal election that dealt a significant blow to the country’s long-held aspirations for EU membership, amid allegations of voter intimidation and coercion. The opposition refused to concede defeat and accused the ruling party of a “constitutional coup”, setting the stage for a potential political crisis that could further polarise the Caucasus country.
Social movements and protests in Georgia: Protests in Georgia
Since 1956 list of protests in Georgia: List of protests in Georgia since 1956
November 2003 'Revolution of Roses': November 2003 'Revolution of Roses', often translated into English as the Rose Revolution, the peaceful change of power in Georgia, brought about by widespread protests over the disputed parliamentary elections and culminating in the ouster of President Eduard Shevardnadze, which marked the end of the Soviet era of leadership in the country
2009: 2009 Georgian demonstrations
May 2011 protests against Saakashvili: May 2011 Georgian protests were a series of anti-government protests in Georgia against President Saakashvili - 25 May 2011: Georgia police disperse opposition protest - 28. Mai 2011: Tausende protestieren gegen Gewalt in Georgien
2012 protests: 27 May 2012: Tens of thousands rally for Georgian opposition bloc - 19 September 2012: Protests erupt in Georgia over prison abuse videos - 20 September 2012: Interior minister Akhalaia quits amid uproar over prison abuse video - 21 September 2012: Thousands rally calling for top officials to be fired in prison-abuse scandal that has caused outcry - 29 September 2012: Georgia opposition stages mass rally ahead of poll
2016 protest against Gazprom: 6 March 2016: Protesters in Georgia are calling on the government to refuse any deals with Russian state gas monopoly Gazprom
Since June 2019 Georgian protests: Since June 2019 Georgian protests, a series of anti-government protests in the country of Georgia
June 2019 Georgians injured protesting against Putin regime: 21 June 2019: Sparked by the appearance of a Russian regime's MP, who was allowed to chair a session of Georgian parliament, dozens injured as Georgia police fire rubber bullets at demonstrators as thousands rallied through the night outside the building in the centre of the capital Tbilisi - 21 June 2019: Protesters gathered outside Georgia’s parliament for a second successive night of protests on Friday evening, demanding snap elections and the resignation of the country’s interior minister
24 June 2019: 24 juin 2019: Pour le quatrième jour consécutif, des milliers de Géorgiens ont protesté contre la Russie et les autorités géorgiennes
26 November 2019 protest calling for reform to the country's electoral system: 26 November 2019: Thousands of people demonstrated calling for reform to the country's electoral system, as several activists and a politician were arrested early on Tuesday, and rallies have been held for the last two weeks, with activists demanding proportional representation
9 March 2023 after protests Georgia’s ruling party will drop its bill on 'foreign agents' similar to Russian legislation: 9 March 2023: Georgia’s ruling party has said it will drop its bill on 'foreign agents' similar to Russian legislation after fierce opposition culminated in two nights of violent protests and criticism that the draft law would limit press freedom and undercut the country’s efforts to become a candidate for EU membership
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Georgia: Society of Georgia
Human rights in Georgia: Human rights in Georgia - Freedom of religion in Georgia
Subdivisions of Georgia: Die Verwaltungsgliederung Georgiens ist stark zentralisiert. Sie gliedert sich auf oberer Ebene in neun Regionen, zwei autonome Republiken, und die Hauptstadt Tiflis, die ebenfalls den Status einer Region genießt. Auf mittlerer Ebene finden sich 73 Munizipalitäten (Rajone, Distrikte) und auf kommunaler Ebene ca. 1.000 Kleinstädte und Landgemeinden - Subdivisions of Georgia, autonomous republics, regions, and municipalities
Autonomous republics of Georgia including Adjara with 6 self-governing communities: Autonomous republics of Georgia, including Adjara with 6 self-governing communities and municipalities, and the two autonomous republics, Abkhazia and Abzhywa
Abzhywa region, subdivisions and districts: Abzhywa region, one of the seven historical regions in Abkhazia, and accordingly one of the seven stars on Flag of Abkhazia represents Abzhywa. Local residents belong to ethnographic group of Abzhui Abkhazians
>Subdivisions and districts of Abkhazia: Abkhazia officially the Republic of Abkhazia, a partially recognized state in the South Caucasus, recognised by most countries as part of Georgia, which views the region as an autonomous republic. It lies on the eastern coast of the Black Sea, south of the Greater Caucasus mountains in northwestern Georgia. It covers 8,665 square kilometres and has a population of around 245,000 citizens. Its capital is Sukhumi - Subdivisions and districts of Abkhazia
Towns and urban settlements of Abkhazia: Towns and urban settlements of Abkhazia
Abkhazian-Georgian conflict: Abkhazian-Georgian conflict - Abkhazia - History of Abkhazia
Politics of Abkhazia: Politics of Abkhazia
2011 Abkhazia presidential election: Abkhazia presidential election 26 August 2011 - Alexander Ankwab Präsident
2014 Abkhazian presidential election: Abkhazian presidential election 24 August 2014 - 25 August 2014: Abkhazia elects opposition leader Khadzhimba as president
July 2016 Abkhazian early presidential elections referendum: 10 July 2016 Abkhazian early presidential elections referendum
Local government in Georgia, administered at the level of the subdivisions of Georgia: Local government in Georgia, administered at the level of the subdivisions of Georgia, which are known as the units of self-government or municipalities. The Georgian Law on Self Government defines a municipality as a settlement (town or city) or a unity of settlement with defined boundaries, administrative center, as well as representative and executive bodies of government, and possesses their own assets, budget, and income
Tbilisi city: Tbilisi city, the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River with a population of approximately 1,5 million people. Tbilisi was founded in the 5th century AD, and since then has served as the capital of various Georgian kingdoms and republics. Between 1801 and 1917, then part of the Russian Empire, Tiflis was the seat of the Caucasus Viceroyalty, governing both the northern and southern part of the Caucasus
Economy and companies of Tbilisi: Economy of Tbilisi - Companies based in Tbilisi
Timeline of Tbilisi since 4th century CE: Timeline of Tbilisi since 4th century CE
Tbilisi in the 20th and 21st century: Tbilisi in the 20th and 21st century
1-12 August 2008 Russo-Georgian War, a war between Georgia, Russia and the Russian-backed self-proclaimed republics of South Ossetia and Abkhazia. The war took place in August 2008 following a period of worsening relations between Russia and Georgia, both formerly constituent republics of the Soviet Union. The fighting took place in the strategically important Transcaucasia region. It was regarded as the first European war - in an Asian region - of the 21st century
Demographics of Georgia: Demographics of Georgia - Ethnic groups in Georgia
Culture of Georgia: Culture of Georgia - Culture of Georgia (country) by location
Languages of Georgia (country): Languages of Georgia (country)
Women in Georgia (country): Women in Georgia (country)
Education in Georgia: Education in Georgia - Culture of Georgia
Science and technology in Georgia: Science and technology in Georgia - 18 October 2013: The discovery of a 1.8-million-year-old skull of a human ancestor buried under a medieval Georgian village provides a vivid picture of early evolution and indicates our family tree may have fewer branches than some believe
Health in Georgia (country): Health in Georgia (country)
Disease outbreaks in Georgia: Disease outbreaks in Georgia (country)
Since February 2020 covid-19 pandemic in Georgia: Since February 2020 covid-19 pandemic was confirmed to have spread to Georgia when its first case was confirmed in Tbilisi on 26 February
9 July 2021 Romania to donate 10 000 doses of AstraZeneca to Georgia: 9 July 2021: Romania to donate 10 000 doses of AstraZeneca to Georgia
Healthcare in Georgia (country): Healthcare in Georgia (country)
Hospitals in Georgia: Hospitals in Georgia
Media of Georgia: Media of Georgia - Newspapers in Georgia - Radio stations in Georgia - TV in Georgia - Independent Association of Georgian Journalists
Internet in Georgia: Internet in Georgia
Crime in Georgia: Crime in Georgia - Russian mafia - Georgian mafia
Corruption in Georgia: Corruption in Georgia - 2014 Business Anti-Corruption Portal's Georgian corruption report
White collar crime: 4 April 2013: PM of Georgia among owners of secret firms in British Virgin Islands
Terrorism in Georgia: Terrorism in Georgia
2012: 2012 attacks on Israeli diplomats
Human trafficking in Georgia: Human trafficking in Georgia
Law and human rights in Georgia (country): Law in Georgia (country) - Human rights in Georgia (country)
Foreign relations of Abkhazia: Foreign relations of Abkhazia - States that do not recognise Abkhazia or South Ossetia as independent - States formally recognising Abkhazia or South Ossetia as independent
Abkhazia/Russia relations
Abkhazia/South Ossetia relations
Foreign relations of Georgia: Foreign relations of Georgia
Georgia/Abkhazia relations: Georgia/Abkhazia relations - Abkhaz–Georgian conflict since 1989
Georgia/Armenia relations: Georgia/Armenia relations - Armenians in Georgia
Georgia/Azerbaijan relations: Georgia/Azerbaijan relations
Georgia/European Union relations: Georgia/European Union relations - 28 June 2014: EU signs association agreements with Moldova, Ukraine and Georgia
Georgia/Nato relations: Georgia/NATO relations - 7 February 2015: NATO plans to open Georgia Training Center by year’s end - 28 August 2015: NATO opens new training centre in Georgia
Georgia/Romania relations: Georgia/Romania relations - Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation since 1992 - Black Sea Forum for Partnership and Dialogue since 2006
Georgia/Russia relations: Georgia/Russia relations
1918-1920 Georgian–Ossetian conflict: Georgian–Ossetian conflict 1918–1920
Since 1989: Georgian–Ossetian conflict 1989-present over Georgia's former autonomous region of South Ossetia, which evolved in 1989 and developed into a 1991–1992 South Ossetia War
1991–1992 South Ossetia War: 1991–1992 South Ossetia War
2008 Russo-Georgian diplomatic crisis and August 2008 Russo-Georgian War: 2008 Russo-Georgian diplomatic crisis - August 2008 Russo-Georgian War
2009-2011: Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on the Conflict in Georgia (South Caucasus), Report September 2009, Volume I, Introduction - UN court rejects Georgia case against Russia April 2011
2015: 19 March 2015: Georgia accuses Russian regime of 'de facto annexation' as Putin signs pact with South Ossetia incorporating South Ossetia's economy and military into Russia's - 14 July 2015: Georgia accuses Russia of violating international law over South Ossetia, as latest in series of surprise operations sees Russian troops erect new border markings several hundred metres deeper into disputed region - 8 August 2015: Residents of South Ossetia pay tribute to victims of 2008 conflict
June 2019 South Ossetian parliamentary election: 9 June 2019 South Ossetian parliamentary election - 10 June 2019: Georgia's breakaway South Ossetia region holds 'elections' for parliament
Georgia/Turkey relations: Georgia/Turkey relations - Baku–Supsa Pipeline operated by British Petroleum, since 1999 - Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline operated by BP, since 2006 - South Caucasus Pipeline operated by BP, since 2006
Georgia/Ukraine relations: Georgia/Ukraine relations
Since 1992 BSEC: Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation since 1992
Since 2006 Black Sea Forum for Partnership and Dialogue: Black Sea Forum for Partnership and Dialogue since 2006
2014 pre-trial detention for M. Saakashvili in Tbilisi: 2 August 2014: Tbilisi City Court orders pre-trial detention for M. Saakashvili in absentia
Since 2015 Saakashvili in Ukraine: Since 2015, following his defeat in Georgia's parliamentary election, Saakashvili in Ukraine, granted Ukrainian citizenship by Poroshenko, who also appointed Saakashvili Governor of Odessa Oblast - 17 February 2015: Georgia appeals to Ukraine with a request to arrest and extradite ex-President of Georgia Mikheil Saakashvili and ex-justice Adeishvili - 17 February 2015: Ukraine refuses to extradite Saakashvili
2017 Saakashvili case: 26 July 2017 President Poroshenko's decree stripping Saakashvili of his Ukrainian citizenship - 8 December 2017: Ukrainian police have recaptured the former president of Georgia, Mikheil Saakashvili, who was freed from police custody by his supporters in dramatic scenes earlier this week
April 2020 Georgia’s Saakashvili Ukraine's deputy PM Zelenskiy desires: 24 April 2020: Georgia’s president from 2004-2013 Saakashvili accepted Ukraine's Zelenskiy offer to become a deputy PM in charge of reforms and to conduct talks with the IMF, as Georgia's Gakharia noted that Saakashvili has been convicted by a Georgian court and a warrant has been issued for his arrest, adding that Georgia will recall its ambassador from Kyiv
Georgia/United Kingdom relations: Georgia/United Kingdom relations - British Georgian Chamber of Commerce since 2007 - Baku–Supsa Pipeline operated by British Petroleum, since 1999 - Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline operated by BP, since 2006 - South Caucasus Pipeline operated by BP, since 2006
Georgia/USA relations: Georgia/USA relations - Georgian American - 28 February 2014: As Ukraine crisis rumbles, Georgian PM Garibashvili visits USA
Environment of Georgia: Environment of Georgia - Geology of Georgia
Landforms of Georgia: Landforms of Georgia
Water in Georgia: Water in Georgia
Environmental issues in Georgia: Environmental issues in Georgia include land and forest degradation, pollution, waste management, climate change and biodiversity loss - Since 1991 Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources Protection of Georgia
Natural disasters in Georgia: Natural disasters in Georgia
2008 Borjomi wildfire: 2008 Borjomi wildfire - Borjomi-Kharagauli National Park
2015 Tbilisi flood: June 2015 Tbilisi flood - 14 June 2015: Tigers, lions, bears and wolves among escaped zoo animals that roam Georgian capital after floods kill nine people
Earthquakes in Georgia: Earthquakes in Georgia


India - Geography of India - Geology of India - History of India - Partition of India by the 'British Empire' 1947 - States and union territories of India - Demographics of India
Economy of India: Economy of India - main industries include steel, transportation equipment, machinery, mining, petroleum products, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, construction, cement, software, agricultural products, leather, textiles - Natural resources of India
Economy of India by state, union territory and sectors: Economy of India by state or union territory - Sectors of economy
Industries in India: Industries in India
Automotive industry in India: Automotive industry in India, the third-largest by production in the world in 2023, as India is also the 3rd largest automobile market in the world in terms of sales. India's major automobile manufacturing companies include Maruti Suzuki, Hyundai Motor India, Tata Motors, Ashok Leyland, Mahindra & Mahindra, Force Motors, Tractors and Farm Equipment Limited, Eicher Motors, Royal Enfield, Sonalika Tractors, Hindustan Motors, Hradyesh, ICML, Kerala Automobiles Limited, Reva, Pravaig Dynamics, Premier, Tara International and Vehicle Factory Jabalpur
4 August 2023 the maimed workers of India’s auto hub: 4 August 2023: The maimed workers of India’s auto hub, as poor training, shoddy equipment leave thousands of workers injured in India’s auto hub
Mining in India: Mining in India - Mining disasters in India
Mining scams in India: Mining scams in India
Coal mining in India: Coal mining in India - Coal mining districts in India - Coal mafia of Dhanbad, Jharkhand
2013: 21 February 2013: According to the Impulse NGO Network some 70.000 children are currently employed in Meghalaya's nightmare coal mines, with several thousand more working at coal depots, because mine owners find it cheaper to hire children and the police take bribes
Coal mining disasters in India: Coal mining disasters in India - 1981-2016 Accidents in Coal Mines in India
December 2016 Jharkhand's coal mine collapse killed at least 10 workers : 30 December 2016: A 'Rajmahal Open Cast Mines' coal mine collapse in the eastern Indian state of Jharkhand killed at least 10 workers and 13 others may be trapped by the mound of fallen earth
December 2018: 25 décembre 2018: Les sauveteurs se battaient contre le temps et le manque de moyens techniques pour sauver 15 mineurs bloqués sous terre depuis presque deux semaines, après une inondation dans une mine de charbon illégale d'un État reculé du nord-est de l'Inde
January 2019: 17 January 2019: Over a month after 15 miners were trapped in an illegal coal mine in Meghalaya's East Jaintia Hills district, one of them has been found dead by divers
Iron ore mining in India: Iron ore mining in India
Steel companies of India: Steel companies of India - Steel company ArcelorMittal - 30 June 2010: The European Commission fined 17 steel producers a total of 518 million euros for running a price-fixing cartel, with industry giant ArcelorMittal hit the hardest - 23 March 2013: Vive la Belgique? India not my top priority for investment, Lakshmi Mittal says
Textile industry in India: Textile industry in India - Textile industry in Coimbatore - Textile industry in Tirupur - Die Textilproduktion in Tirupur - Sumangali (child labour) - Sumangali-Schema
December 2012 workers of garment factories provide evidence of exploitation and harsh work conditions: 3 December 2012: Workers of garment factories provide evidence of exploitation and harsh work conditions at a national tribunal
2016: 11 November 2016: A fire that broke out in the basement of a garment factory trapped and killed at least 13 workers and injured nine other workers as they slept early Friday in the building just outside New Delhi
January 2018: 4 January 2018: Luxury fashion retailer Hugo Boss said it has found cases of forced labour in its supply chain, as female workers have been held captive behind the walls of garment factories in Tamul Nadu and prevented from leaving the premises at any time
July 2018: 19 July 2018: After at Shahi Exports, India’s largest apparel exporter, several union supporters were this spring circulating a petition that asked management to provide cleaner water and increase pay, Shahi managers responded by making death threats to several pro-union workers and directing other employees to beat them, according to an independent monitoring group
Information technology in India: Information technology in India - Mobile network operators of India
Information technology companies of India - 26 May 2013: 16 Indian companies in emerging top 100 software vendors list
Energy in India: Energy in India, as since 2013, total primary energy consumption in India has been the third highest in the world after China and the USA. India is the second-top coal consumer in the year 2017 after China. India ranks third in oil consumption with 221 million tons in 2017 after the USA and China. India is net energy importer to meet nearly 47% of its total primary energy in 2019
Energy in India by state and electricity sector: Energy in India by state - Electricity sector in India
Fossil fuels in India: Fossil fuels in India
Coal in India, world's second largest producer and consumer of coal: Coal in India, mined since 1774, as India in 2021 is the second largest producer and consumer of coal after China, mining 716 million metric tons in 2018. Coal supplies over 40% of energy in India. Around 30% of coal is imported. Due to high demand and poor average quality, India imports coking coal to meet the requirements of its steel plants. Most of the coal is burned to generate electricity and most electricity is generated by coal, but coal-fired power plants have been criticised for breaking environmental laws. The health and environmental impact of the coal industry is serious, and phasing out coal would have short-term health and environmental benefits greatly exceeding the costs. Electricity from new solar farms in India is cheaper than that generated by the country's existing coal plants
1 November 2021 Coal India to increase production to more than 1bn tonnes a year by 2024: 1 November 2021: Coal India, the world’s largest miner, aims to increase production to more than 1bn tonnes a year by 2024, but the consequences will be felt both globally and locally. Unless the world drastically cuts greenhouse gas emissions, the planet will suffer even more extreme heat waves, erratic rainfall and destructive storms in coming years, according to IPCC. There are roughly 300,000 people working directly with government-owned coal mines, earning fixed salaries and benefits. And there are nearly four million people in India whose livelihoods are directly or indirectly linked to coal, said expert Sandeep Pai, who studies energy security and climate change in Washington. - Wikipedia's category 'Coal in India'
Fossil fuel power stations in India and bad choices: Fossil fuel power stations in India - Coal-fired power stations in India - Coal-fired power stations in India by state or union territory - India's super thermal power stations having capacity greater than 1000 MW, planned by the Government of India since the 1980s/1990s - Ultra Mega Power Projects, a series of ambitious power stations planned by the Government of India for the creation of an additional capacity of at least 100,000 MW by 2022. Ultra Mega Power projects, each with a capacity of 4000 MW or above, are being developed with the aim of bridging this gap
12 October 2021 India coal supplies for electricity run critically low, a chance for native and global climate: 12 October 2021: India faces electricity crisis as coal supplies run critically low, with eight in 10 thermal power stations running out within days, after over the past two decades and amid bad choices, domestic coal production in India has continued to rise exponentially. But if India is to meet urgently needed global climate targets according to the UN, the country also urgently - not at some point - needs to wean itself off coal, which currently powers almost 70% of its electricity
Nuclear power in India: Nuclear power in India - India's three-stage nuclear power programme - Nuclear technology in India
List of nuclear power accidents in India: List of nuclear power accidents in India
Renewable energy in India: Renewable energy in India - India has set a target of 175 gigawatts of renewable energy capacity by 2022. This would include 100 GW capacity from solar energy sources, 60 GW from wind power, 10 GW from biopower, and 5 GW from small hydropower. But in 2019 India's electricity production shows that renewable left widely behind compared with fossil fuel power stations' production
Hydroelectric power in India: Hydroelectric power in India
Solar power in India: Solar power in India
Wind power in India: Wind power in India
Energy policy of India: Energy policy of India - 1 August 2012: Power regulator summons officials from four states - blame game begins over the unprecedented power outage that affected 600 million people
Science and technology in India: Science and technology in India
Indian Space Research Organisation: Indian Space Research Organisation - Space programme of India - 9 September 2012: Scientists celebrate India's 100th space mission with the launch of French and Japanese satellites via Indian space vehicle - Mars Orbiter Mission, launch date 5 November 2013 - 24 September 2014: India joins club of deep-space explorers with low-cost satellite and its first spaceship to orbit Mars
July 2019 India's moon mission: July 2019 Chandrayaan-2, India's second lunar exploration mission - 22 July 2019: India's Chandrayaan-2 moon mission lifts off a week after aborted launch
September 2019 India's moon mission fails: 6 September 2019: Communication with the landing vehicle was lost, India’s attempt to land an unmanned craft on the moon has gone awry
2 September 2023 India launches space mission to the sun a week after moon landing: 2 September 2023: India launches space mission to the sun a week after moon landing, as 'Aditya-L1' is to observe sun’s outermost layers and will be first vessel by any Asian nation to be placed in orbit around sun
Industrial disasters and accidents in India: Industrial accidents and incidents in India - Industrial fires and explosions in India
Since 1984 Bhopal disaster: Bhopal disaster 1984 - 3 December 2012: Bhopal gas victims, in solidarity with the anti-nuclear protestors, to join anti-nuke protest in Kudankulam
June 2012 explosion: 14 juin 2012: Au moins dix personnes ont été tuées et plusieurs autres grièvement blessées dans une explosion au sein d'une aciérie dans le sud-est de l'Inde
November 2017 explosion: 1 novembre 2017: Au moins seize personnes ont été tuées et des dizaines ont été blessées dans une explosion qui s'est produite dans une centrale électrique au charbon dans le district de Raebareli dans l'Etat de l'Uttar Pradesh et gérée par une compagnie publique
September 2019 fireworks factory explosion: 5 September 2019: An explosion at a fireworks factory in northern India's Batala has killed at least 22 people and caused the building to catch fire and collapse, officials have said
7 December 2019 Bhopal disaster victims still waiting for justice: 7 December 2019: The Bhopal disaster victims still waiting for justice 35 years on, as photographer Judah Passow has documented those were affected by the Bhopal disaster 35 years ago, which killed an estimated 25,000 people ad has left more than 150,000 suffering from chronic medical conditions
8 December 2019 Delhi factory fire: 8 December 2019 Delhi factory fire - 8 December 2019: Delhi gripped by anger and grief after dozens killed in factory fire, as police say building in Sadar Bazaar violated regulations and owner has been arrested
7 May 2020 at least 5 people killed and hundreds hospitalized after gas leak tied to covid-19 pandemic at chemicals plant: 7 May 2020: At least five people have been killed and several hundred hospitalized after a gas leak tied to covid-19 pandemic at a chemicals plant operated by LG Polymers located in the outskirts of Visakhapatnam on the east coast of India, police said
Agriculture in India: Agriculture in India - agriculture and allied sectors like forestry and fisheries accounted for 13.7% of the GDP in 2013 and about 50% of the total workforce, products include wheat and rice, numerous vegetables, roots and tuber crops, pulses, fruits, several dry fruits, coconut, sugarcane, coffee, livestock and poultry meat, eggs, farmed fish, agriculture-based textile raw materials - Agricultural machinery manufacturers of India - Women in agriculture in India
Agriculture in India by state or union territory: Agriculture in India by state or union territory
Agricultural production in India by commodity: Agricultural production in India by commodity
Rice production in India: Rice production in India - Cereals in India
Sugar industry of India: Sugar industry of India - Cooperative sugar factories in Maharashtra
Tea industry in India by state or union territory: Tea industry in India by state or union territory - Tea estates in India - Tea companies of India - List of trade unions in Indian tea gardens
Coffee production in India: Coffee production in India
History of agriculture in India: History of agriculture in India - Cooperative movement in India - Cooperatives - Farming systems in India - Slow agricultural growth
2014: 3 November 2014: Agriculture hit by both urban and rural pollution as wheat and rice yield decrease significantly, study finds
Farmers' suicides in India: Farmers' suicides in India - 2 September 2011: Five cotton growers commit suicide in Vidarbha, a total of 507 suicides of farmers during 2011 alone in Vidarbha - 21 February 2013: In Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh, farmers are once again selling their kidneys to meet the financial burden after a poor harvest - 19 March 2014: After reports of 22 farmer suicides in three weeks driven by massive crop failure, the Maharashtra government appeals to farmers
Animal husbandry in India: Animal husbandry in India and by state - Animal feed companies of India - Animal welfare and rights in India - Animal welfare organisations based in India
Cattle in India: Cattle in India - Hinduism and cattle - Cattle slaughter in India
Dairy farming and industry in India: Dairy farming in India - Dairy industry in India - Dairy products companies of India - Indian dairy products
Poultry industry in India: Poultry industry in India
Food processing and meat companies of India: Food processing industry in India - Meat companies of India
July 2020 Indian state of Nagaland bans sale of dog meat: 4 July 2020: Authorities in India’s north-eastern state of Nagaland have banned the sale of dog meat and halted the import and trading of dogs to be used for food, said officials.
Water, rivers and dams, water supply and irrigation in India: Water in India - Major rivers of India - Lakes in India - Irrigation in India - Dams and reservoirs in India - Reservoirs in India - Water supply and sanitation in India
2017 India's wells: 16 June 2017: India's wells are running dry
2018: 31 May 2018: Residents of the picturesque Indian hill station Shimla are begging tourists to stay away amid a severe drinking water shortage that is being compared to Cape Town’s water crisis
Ganges River: Ganges River, a trans-boundary river of Asia which flows through India and Bangladesh. The 2,525km river rises in the western Himalayas in the Indian state of Uttarakhand. It flows south and east through the Gangetic plain of North India, receiving the right-bank tributary, the Yamuna, which also rises in the western Indian Himalayas, and several left-bank tributaries from Nepal that account for the bulk of its flow. In West Bengal state a feeder canal taking off from its right bank diverts 50% of its flow southwards, artificially connecting it to the Hooghly river. The Ganges continues into Bangladesh, its name changing to the Padma. It is then joined by the Jamuna, the lower stream of the Brahmaputra, and eventually the Meghna, forming the major estuary of the Ganges Delta, and emptying into the Bay of Bengal. The Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna system is the second largest river on earth by discharge.
Ganges Basin: Ganges Basin, part of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna basin draining 1,999,000 square km in Tibet, Nepal, India and Bangladesh. Several tributaries rise inside Tibet before flowing south through Nepal. The basin has a population of more than 500 million, making it the most populated river basin in the world.
Pollution of the Ganges: Pollution of the Ganges poses significant threats to human health and the larger environment. The river, which is severely polluted with human waste and industrial contaminants, provides water to about 40% of India's population across 11 states, serving an estimated population of 500 million people, which is more than any other river in the world.
Indus River: Indus River, one of the longest rivers in Asia flowing through China (western Tibet), India (Ladakh) and Pakistan
History of Indus river and Indus Valley Civilization: History of Indus river and Indus Valley Civilization
12 June 2020 uncovering of secrets of the Indus Valley civilization continues: 12 June 2020: Uncovering the secrets of the Indus Valley civilization and Its undeciphered script and some insights gained, a century after the great Indus Valley civilization, its unique script and the 'godless' city of Mohenjo Daro were discovered
Water disputes: Kaveri River water dispute - 12 October 2012: Karnataka state told to release Cauvery water to Tamil Nadu state
Fishing in India: Fishing in India
Infrastructure in India: Infrastructure in India
Transport in India: Transport in India
Transport disasters in India: Transport disasters in India
Water transport in India: Water transport in India
Maritime incidents in India: Maritime incidents in India
2012: April 2012 Assam ferry sinking, as a ferry carrying about 350 passengers capsized in the Brahmaputra River in the Dhubri district of Assam killing at least 103 people
2017: January 2017 Patna boat accident - 15 January 2017: The death toll from a boat accident in eastern India rose to 26, after a overloaded boat returning from kite festival in eastern state of Bihar capsizes in the Ganges river near city of Patna
Bridges and bridge disasters in India: Bridges in India by state - List of bridges in India - Bridge disasters in India
Rail transport in India: Rail transport in India
List of Indian rail incidents: List of Indian rail incidents
2015: March 2015 Uttar Pradesh train accident - 12 September 2015: Two British tourists killed and at least eight others injured, including three Indian nationals, when a train derailed in the north of India, after nine coaches of another train derailed in southern India, killing at least two people and leaving several injured earlier on Saturday
November 2016: 20 November 2016 Pukhrayan train derailment - 20 November 2016: More than 100 people have been killed and about 150 more were injured after 14 coaches of a passenger train rolled off the track near Purwa, a village near the northern industrial city of Kanpur, according to police
2017: 22 January 2017: 36 people were killed and 50 injured after an express train derailed in south-east India's Vizianagram district of Andhra Pradesh state - 20 August 2017: At least 23 dead after Indian train derails in Uttar Pradesh, the fourth major derailment incident on India’s struggling rail network this year
October 2018: 19 October 2018: A speeding train has run over a crowd watching fireworks during a religious festival in northern India's Amritsar, killing at least 60 people, police said
Indian road network: Indian road network
Road accidents in India: Road accidents in India
2013: 16 April 2013: 'They threw her into a van like garbage', says man whose wife, child died in road accident
2015: 21 September 2015: 45-year-old Latori Barman, walking home from a fair, died after being buried alive by workers who did not see him lying unconscious at the bottom of a pothole
2015: 21 September 2015: 150,000 people die on Indian roads each year, with hundreds of thousands injured, often seriously
2016: 1 April 2016: The death toll from the flyover collapse in India's eastern city of Kolkata reached 24 after a 100-metre length of a flyover broke off suddenly and crashed down on pedestrians and vehicles on the road below
Aviation in India: Aviation in India
Aviation accidents and incidents in India: Aviation accidents and incidents in India
8 August 2020 'Air India Express' Boeing 737 crash: 8 August 2020 Air India Express Flight 1344 crash - 8 August 2020: Air India Express black boxes recovered at Kerala crash site, after Boeing 737 crashed on landing in heavy rain, killing at least 18 people, including the two pilots
Retailing in India: Retailing in India
Tourism in India: Tourism in India - Lists of visitor attractions in India - World Heritage Sites in India
2013-2015: 1 April 2013: The number of foreign women tourists visiting India has dropped by 35% in the past three months after sex attacks - 2 January 2015: Number of rapes in Delhi up by a third in a year, 2,069 rape cases had been reported in the past 12 months in the Indian capital
2018: 31 May 2018: Residents of the picturesque Indian hill station Shimla are begging tourists to stay away amid a severe drinking water shortage that is being compared to Cape Town’s water crisis
Hotels in India: Hotels in India - Hotels in India by state or union territory - Hotels in India by city
June 2019 seven cleaning staff without safety equipment killed by toxic gas: 15 juin 2019: Sept personnes sont mortes étouffées par des gaz toxiques alors qu'elles nettoyaient, sans équipement de sécurité, la fosse septique d'un hôtel dans l'ouest de l'Inde
International trade: Foreign trade of India - List of the largest trading partners of India
Globalisation in India: Globalisation in India
19 May 2022 coal, oil price surges on Ukraine war created a tailwind for fossil fuel-based firms in India: 19 March 2022: Coal, oil price surges on Ukraine war make Asia’s richest richer, as the two Indian tycoons Gautam Adani and Mukesh Ambani are stepping in, seeing their fortunes jump on the back of surging global commodity prices, at a time when many developed countries are scrambling for alternative sources of fuels as they try to back away from Russian supplies
Banking and banks in India: Banking in India - List of banks in India - Private-sector banks in India - Public sector banks in India
2016 Indian Banks data breach: 2016 Indian Banks data breach - 31 December 2016: Indian cash crisis set to pass into history early next year 2017
Reserve Bank of India: Reserve Bank of India, India's central banking institution, which controls the monetary policy of the Indian rupee - Currencies of India - The Indian rupee, the official currency of the Republic of India, subdivided into 100 paise
2013: 22 August 2013: India's rupee skids to new record low against dollar
2016 Indian banknote demonetisation: 2016 Indian banknote demonetisation
2016/2018: 30 August 2018: Reserve Bank of India RBI's figures suggest PM Modi’s demonetisation policy in 2016, which likely wiped at least 1% from the country’s GDP and cost at least 1.5m jobs, failed to wipe significant hordes of unaccounted wealth from the Indian economy, a key rationale for the move
Financial services companies of India: Financial services companies of India
Economic history and economic cycles in India:Economic history of the Republic of India since 1947 - Timeline of the economy of the Indian subcontinent since independence
Since 1947 'Licence Raj': Since 1947 'Licence Raj', a term used to describe the elaborate system of licences, regulations and accompanying red tape that were required to set up and run businesses in India between 1947 and 1990
1985-1991 Indian economic crisis: 1985-1991 Indian economic crisis
Since 1991 economic liberalisation and economic history in India: Since 1991 economic liberalisation in India - Economic history of India 1991–present
Since 2008 Great Global Recession in India: Since 2008 Great Global Recession and effects in India
2012 India blackouts: July 2012 India blackouts
2017 in Indian economy: 2017 in Indian economy - 2017 Union budget of India
Since March 2020 economic impact of the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic in India: Since March 2020 economic impact of the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic in India
April 2020 India's economic situation following government's nationwide lockdown: 4 April 2020 India's economic and social situation following government's nationwide lockdown with impacts on labour and employment, manufacturing, commerce, stockmarktes, as 53% of businesses have specified a certain amount of impact of shutdowns
Economic disparities and income in India: Economic disparities and income in India
Labour and employment in India: Labour in India - Employment in India - Labour relations in India - Indian labour law
Debt bondage in India: Debt bondage in India
2013: 17 October 2013: India is home to nearly half of world’s 30 million modern-day slaves, the Global Slavery Index 2013 reveals, estimating there are 13.9 million people living as slaves in India
Gender pay gap in India: Gender pay gap in India
Unemployment in India: Unemployment in India
List of states and union territories of India by unemployment rate: List of states and union territories of India by unemployment rate 2015-2016
28 March 2020 millions of Indians who live off daily earnings out of work: 28 March 2020: Indian authorities send buses to take unemployed to villages, as lockdown has began on Wednesday and effectively put millions of Indians who live off daily earnings out of work
Poverty in India: Poverty in India
Since March economic and social impact of covid-19 pandemic and lockdown: Since March economic and social impact of covid-19 pandemic and lockdown in India on supply chains, salaries and migrant workers
Arms import of India:
2012: 19 March 2012: India is the world's largest recipient of arms while South Korea is second and Pakistan and China are third in the list, SIPRI says - 12 October: Indian Army to get its own fleet of attack helicopters because it's not possible to have 'little air forces' - 24 December 2912: Russia steps up arms sales to India
March 2013: 18 March 2013: India remains the world's biggest weapons importer for the third year in a row, ahead of China, which has turned into an exporter
February 2017: 20 February 2017: India is world's largest arms importer, increasing its arms imports by 43% between 2007–2011 and 2012–2016 and accounting for 13% of the global total, as arms imports by states in Asia and Oceania increased by 7.7% between 2007–2011 and 2012–2016 and accounted for 43% of global imports in 2012–2016, according to SIPRI
Indian military: Indian Armed Forces
Equipment of the Indian Army: Equipment of the Indian Army
Since 1958 Indian 'Defence Research and Development Organisation': Since 1958 Defence Research and Development Organisation, an agency of the Government of India, charged with the military's research and development, headquartered in New Delhi
Indian Navy: Active Indian Navy ships - Weapon systems of the Indian Navy
Russian-made INS Sindhurakshak (S63) fire incident 2010 and on 14 August 2013 - 14 August 2013: Indian Navy orders board of inquiry to probe the explosion and subsequent fire onboard its Russian-built and recently refitted submarine INS Sindurakshak which has sunk, eighteen sailors missing - 27 February 2014: Two officers died in fire on board of Russian-origin submarine INS Sindhuratna - 7/8 March 2014: Enquiry ordered after a navy officer was killed in an accident on an under-construction ship in Mumbai
Indian Air Force: Indian Air Force - Active Indian military aircraft
India and weapons of mass destruction: India and weapons of mass destruction
Missile forces of India: Guided missiles of India - Ballistic missiles of India
Nuclear weapons programme of India: Nuclear weapons programme of India - since 1967 India has developed and possesses weapons of mass destruction in the form of nuclear weapons, and has signed neither the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty nor the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, considering both to be flawed and discriminatory - Nuclear power in India
Since January 1954 Bhabha Atomic Research Centre BARC: Since January 1954 Bhabha Atomic Research Centre BARC, India's premier nuclear research facility, headquartered in Mumbai and a multi-disciplinary research centre with extensive infrastructure for advanced research and development covering the entire spectrum of nuclear science, engineering and related areas, budget USA $ 460 million 2015/2016
May 1974 India's first nuclear bomb test, code-named 'Smiling Buddha': May 1974 India's first successful 'peaceful' nuclear bomb test, code-named 'Smiling Buddha', when a bomb was detonated on the Pokhran army base in Rajasthan by the Indian Army under the supervision of several key Indian generals - International reaction to the nuclear test conducted by India, code-named 'Smiling Buddha'
October 1997 BARC's Raj Ramanna says 'Smiling Buddha' not peaceful: 10 October 1997: 'The Pokhran test was a bomb, ... I just want to make clear that the test was not all that peaceful', former director of India's nuclear program Raj Ramanna says
May 1998 nuclear bomb test explosions: May 1998 Pokhran-II tests, a series of five nuclear bomb test explosions conducted by India at the Indian Army's Pokhran Test Range, the second instance of nuclear testing after the first test, code-named 'Smiling Buddha', was conducted in May 1974 - International reactions to the nuclear tests conducted by India
Since 2003 Nuclear Command Authority of India: Since 2003 Nuclear Command Authority of India, the authority responsible for command, control and operational decisions regarding India's nuclear weapons programme
Since 2003 India's 'Strategic Forces Command': Since 2003 India's 'Strategic Forces Command', forming part of India's Nuclear Command Authority NCA, responsible for the management and administration of the country's tactical and strategic nuclear weapons stockpile
Nuclear missiles of India: Nuclear missiles of India
Since 2010 nuclear-capable submarine-launched ballistic missile: Since 2010 Sagarika, a nuclear-capable submarine-launched ballistic missile
March 2012 missile unit close to Pakistan border: 4 March 2012: Indian Army inducts second cruise missile unit close to Pakistan border
April-August 2012 India's first long-range intercontinental ballistic missile: 19 April: India tests successfully its first long-range intercontinental ballistic missile - 25 August 2012: Prithvi II successfully test-fired
January 2013 India completes 'nuclear triad': 28 January 2013: India test fires missile from under sea, completes nuclear triad
March 2019 PM Modi's televised address about missile test during election campaign: 27 March 2019 Indian anti-satellite missile test - 27 March 2019: India’s PM Modi has announced the successful test of the country’s first space weapon, an anti-satellite missile, in a surprise televised address, criticised for making televised address about missile test during election campaign
April 2019 India's shooting down of its satellite: 2 April 2019: After announced and celebrated by PM Modi in March, India's shooting down and destruction of its satellite has created 400 pieces of orbital debris India’s destruction has been labelled a 'terrible thing' by Nasa's Jim Bridenstine, who said the missile test created 400 pieces of orbital debris and posed a threat to astronauts onboard the International Space Station as even collisions with tiny objects can be catastrophic in space
Military budget of India: Military budget of India, financing employee salaries and training costs, maintenance of equipment and facilities, support of new or ongoing operations, and development and procurement of new weapons, equipment, and vehicles
February 2014: 17 February 2014: Defence budget hiked 10 per cent, 'one rank, one pension'
February 2017 10% increase of India's military budget: 1 February 2017: Indian Finance Minister Arun Jaitley announced a more than 10% increase in the country's military budget for the upcoming fiscal year
February 2018 military budget gets a boost by 7,81%: 1 February 2018: India’s military budget for the coming financial year 2018/2019 has been increased by 7.81% to Rs 2.95 lakh crore over last year’s Rs 2.74 lakh crore allocation
Taxation in India: Taxation in India - Value-added taxation in India - Income tax in India - States of India by tax revenues
Union budget of India: Union budget of India - Railway Budget
2014 Union budget of India: 2014 Union budget of India submitted 10 July 2014
Tax evasion in India: Tax evasion in India - Indian black money is funds earned on the black market, on which income and other taxes have not been paid, also the unaccounted money that is concealed from the tax administrator, accumulated by the criminals, smugglers, hoarders, tax-evaders and others
Military budget of India: Military budget of India, expenditure in per cent of India's GDP - Indian Armed Forces
2014: 17 February 2014: Defence budget hiked 10%, 'one rank, one pension'
2016: 29 February 2016: India's military budget was on Monday increased by 9.76% to Rs 2.58 lakh crore for 2016-2017, the military budget accounts for nearly 17.2%t of the total central government expenditure for the year 2016-2017 which is Rs 19.78 lakh crore
2017 Union budget of India: 2017 Union budget of India
Politics of India: Politics of India - Indian independence movement - Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi - Constitution of India since 1949 - Amendment of the Constitution of India
Since 1999 Association for Democratic Reforms: Since 1999 Association for Democratic Reforms, an Indian non-partisan, non-governmental organization which works in the area of electoral and political reforms, aiming at bringing transparency and accountability in Indian politics and reducing the influence of money in elections, along with National Election Watch, which is a conglomeration of over 1200 organizations across the country
Political parties in India: Political parties in India - List of Indian political parties - List of recognised Indian political parties - Political parties in India by state or union territory
Since 1885 Indian National Congress: Since 1885 Indian National Congress, a broadly based political party in India and the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa, especially after 1920, under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, Congress became the principal leader of the Indian independence movement - Nehru-'Gandhi'-family
Since 1980 Bharatiya Janata Party: Since 1980 Bharatiya Janata Party reflecting Hindu nationalist positions
2014: 2 March 2014: Kejriwal calls the BJP a party that poisons people's minds by using religion for electoral advantages as Modi says in Lucknow that 'BJP tsunami' will uproot SP, BSP and Congress - 10 April 2014: More than a dozen of India's most respected artists and academics have written to the Guardian to express their acute worry at the prospect of Hindu nationalist politician Narendra Modi becoming the country's PM - 18 April 2014: Stones thrown at AAP's Arvind Kejriwal in Varanasi by a dozen young men shouting slogans in favour of Narendra Modi
August 2019 BJP’s Kuldeep Singh Sengar sacked: 1 August 2019: India's ruling party expels politician accused of rape, days after car crash left alleged victim critically injured
2012/2013 Aam Aadmi Party: Since 2012 Aam Aadmi Party following differences between the activists Arvind Kejriwal and Anna Hazare regarding whether or not to politicise the popular 'India Against Corruption' movement that had been demanding a Jan Lokpal Bill since 2011 - 9 December 2013: For AAP, a brilliant 2013. but for 2014, the challenges are many - 25 December: Congress and BJP to learn some lessons from Aam Aadmi Party
2014: 4 January 2014: AAP to announce first list of candidates for Lok Sabha polls within two weeks - 8 January 2014: One arrested for Hindu Raksha Dal's attack on AAP office in Ghaziabad
Parliament and government in India: Parliament of India - Lok Sabha - Government of India
Elections and politics in India: Elections in India - Since 1950 Election Commission of India, an autonomous constitutional authority responsible for administering election processes in India including elections to the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, state Legislative Assemblies, state legislative Councils, and the offices of the President and Vice President of the country
2011: 25 November 2011: India MPs in uproar over the cabinet's decision to open the retail market to global supermarket chains - 3 December 2011: India suspends plan to open up to global supermarkets
March 2012: 12 March 2012: Budget session begins today, UPA faces hostile Opposition in Parliament
July 2012 Indian presidential election: Indian presidential election 19 July 2012 - 22 July: Pranab Kumar Mukherjee was declared elected the 13th President
September-December 2012: 5 September: Government plans to table promotion quota bill, but Parliament stalled again for 10 days now over 'coal-gate' - 15 September: India's government agrees to open the country's retail sector to foreign investment and global supermarket chains - 18 September: Trinamool Congress' Mamata Banerjee has pulled out of United Progressive Alliance government, leaving it in a minority - 10 October: Government split over plan to give NIB the power to over-rule other ministries - 28 October 2012: Cabinet reshuffle - 22 November: Repeated adjournments on FDI as winter session of parliament begins - 5 December 2012: Government wins FDI vote in Lok Sabha
2013 elections in India: 2013 elections in India
February-December 2013: Criminal Law (Amendment) Ordinance 3 February 2013 - 28 February: Union budget of India 2013–2014 will be presented - 2013 Union budget of India - 10 May: Railway Minister Pawan Kumar Bansal and Law Minister Ashwani Kumar resigned in one day over links with corruption claims - 30 July: India Telangana state decision expected - 30 July: Telangana will be 29th state, Hyderabad a shared capital for 10 years - 26 August 2013: Food Security Bill passed in Lok sabha - 6 September: India to unveil steps to cut fuel consumption on September 16 - 10 December: Lokpal Bill in this Parliament session, vows government after Delhi elections - 13 December: Government tables Lokpal Bill - 18 December 2013: Lokpal Bill passes in Lok Sabha and will become law soon
January/February 2014: 3 January: PM Manmohan Singh rules out third term and describes Mr Modi as 'someone who has presided over the mass massacre of citizens on the streets of Ahmedabad' - 13 February 2014: Congress party's MP uses pepper spray in Indian Parliament's Telangana debate to disrupt proceedings - some MPs taken to hospital
April/May 2014 India General Elections: Indian general election 7 April - 12 May 2014 - 5 April 2014: Live web-casting will take place at 40 sensitive polling stations across Uttar Pradesh - 7/8 April: Indians go to the polls as parties were campaigning on promises of economic growth and one party promises a tsunami - 9 April: AAP's Arvind Kejriwal slapped again and injured while campaigning in Delhi - 10 April: 11 states, 3 union territories voting today - 18 April: Stones thrown at Arvind Kejriwal on his door-to-door campaign in Varanasi by a dozen young men shouting slogans in favour of Narendra Modi - 25 April: Violence and threats in Kashmir to derail elections - 29 April: AAP volunteers attacked by BJP workers in Varanasi, AAP says - 30 April: BJP's Modi party accused of posing with party symbol on polling day, in contravention of campaign rules - 3 May: Indian regional politician has died of burn injuries five days after he was targeted during a TV election debate by a man who had set himself on fire - 16 May 2014: Congress Party admits defeat in the national election 2014
December 2016: 28 December 2016: Nearly 20,000 NGOs lost their FCRA licence since May 2014, when the BJP-led government came to power, as of over 9,500 NGOs were cancelled in 2015
August 2018 NPA crisis: 28 August 2018: Non Performing Assets (NPAs) under the NDA went up by Rs 6.2 lakh crore, between March 2015 to March 2018, says a parliamentary committee report
December 2018: 25 December 2018: Accusing the Indian Modi government of launching a 'smear campaign' against NGOs, activists and journalists critical of the government, global charities have said their operations in India are in danger after the government froze their bank accounts, forcing them to shed staff
March/April 2019 issues of Indian general election: Issues of 2019 Indian general election, including implementation of demonetisation, language, NPA crisis, unemployment, farmer protests, national security, and India's recent conflict with Pakistan
March 2019 PM Modi's televised address about missile test during election campaign: 27 March 2019: India’s PM Narendra Modi has announced the successful test of the country’s first space weapon, an anti-satellite missile, in a surprise televised address, criticised for making televised address about missile test during election campaign
2-10 April 2019 India's shooting down of its satellite: 2 April 2019: After announced and celebrated by PM Modi in March, India's destruction of its satellite has created 400 pieces of orbital debris India’s destruction has been labelled a 'terrible thing' by Nasa's Jim Bridenstine, who said the missile test created 400 pieces of orbital debris and posed a threat to astronauts of several countries - 10 April 2019: Bollywood is playing a lead role in Modi’s campaign for a second term, endorsing him on-screen and off, as Modi asked filmmakers and stars to 'talk about patriotism'
April-May 2019 Indian general election: 11 April 2019 to 19 May 2019 Indian general election, scheduled to be held in 7 phases to constitute the 17th Lok Sabha - Opinion polling for the 2019 Indian general election - 2019 elections in India
11 April 2019: The world’s largest-ever election has started in India, with voters in 20 states casting their ballots in the first phase of the country’s marathon six-week polls
17 May 2019 BJP members praise Gandhi assassin: 17 May 2019: BJP members praise Mahatma Gandhi’s assassin in Indian election campaign, saying assassin was 'a patriot'
May 2019 Congress party's defeat: 23 May 2019: India’s opposition Congress party went down to a landslide defeat, as its leader Rahul Gandhi was also convincingly beaten in his own parliamentary seat, a north Indian constituency that had sent three of his family members to parliament in the past half-century - 24 mai 2019: Les nationalistes hindous du Premier ministre Modi ont remporté une majorité parlementaire avec 303 sièges aux élections législatives
17 June 2019 many MPs face criminal charges: 17 June 2019: India’s recent national election, that delivered a victory to Hindu nationalist party, exposed the influence of money, power and questionable morality on the world’s largest democracy, as nearly 43% of the new members of the lower house of Parliament that convenes Monday for the first time since the election, won despite facing criminal charges, and as more than a quarter of those relate to rape, murder or attempted murder, according to a report by the civic group Association of Democratic Reforms
5 August 2019 India revokes Kashmir’s special status: 5 August 2019 Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Bill - 5 August 2019: Amid an uproar in India's Parliament, India revokes Kashmir’s special status, upending status quo, also deciding to split the state into two union territories, Jammu and Kashmir, which will have a legislature, and Ladakh, which will be ruled directly by the central government without a legislature of its own, as thousands of newly deployed troops arrive, some internet and phone services cut in the restive Himalayan region where most people oppose Indian rule
9 August 2019 more military to Kashmir: 9 août 2019: Les autorités indiennes, craignant des manifestations de masse après la révocation de l'autonomie, ont envoyés des dizaines de milliers de soldats supplémentaires au Cachemire
14 August 2019 no communications, Kashmiri politicians arrested: 14 August 2019: Millions of people in Kashmir faced their 10th day with no landlines, mobiles or internet access after the unprecedented blackout imposed by India, as politicians, including former Kashmiri chief minister Omar Abdullah and Shah Faesal were arrested, and as Pakistan’s PM Imran Khan threatened to 'teach Delhi a lesson', vowing to fight until the end against any Indian violations in disputed Kashmir
15 August 2019 Modi a key hurdle to peace: 15 August 2019: India's Hindu nationalist Modi defended his move to suspend human rights in Kashmir in an Independence Day speech, as about 7 million Kashmiris stayed indoors for the 11th day of an unprecedented security lockdown and communications blackout, and as Pakistani FM Shah Mahmood Qureshi described Modi as a key hurdle to peace, saying Modi administration is using diplomatic channels to oppose any session of the UN Security Council to discuss Kashmir
September 2019 India’s home affairs minister's threats: 9 September 2019: India’s home affairs minister Amit Shah has said his government 'will not allow a single illegal immigrant to stay' amid outcry over a citizenship register in Assam that could leave almost 2 million people stateless
16 September 2019 India's top court demands restoring normal life in Kashmir: 16 September 2019: India's top court said on Monday the federal government should restore normal life in Kashmir as soon as possible, as a partial shutdown of the disputed region entered its 42nd day
31 October 2019 Jammu and Kashmir’s constitutional autonomy formally revoked: 31 October 2019: Hindu nationalist Modi regime has formally revoked the disputed state of Jammu and Kashmir’s constitutional autonomy and split it into two federal territories in an attempt to integrate it fully into India
5 November 2019 Delhi 'people are dying' due to Hindu nationalist Modi regime: 5 November 2019: India’s top court has ordered a crackdown on stubble burning around Delhi, a major contributor to lethal smog that on Tuesday kept the metropolis of 20 million people choking in air rated 'very poor', politely ripped, saying the capital’s residents were 'losing precious years' of their lives, adding 'people are dying, this just cannot happen in a civilised country'
8 November 2019 journalist Taseer who criticised Modi regime stripped of his Indian citizenship: 8 November 2019: British Indian author and journalist Aatish Taseer has been stripped of his Indian overseas citizenship after he wrote an article criticising the regime of the country’s PM Modi
December 2019 outrage grows in India including parliament over gang-rape and murder of 27-year-old woman: 2 December 2019: Outrage has continued to grow in India over the gang-rape and murder of a 27-year-old woman, as demonstrations spread to cities including Delhi, Bengaluru and Kolkata and MPs spoke out in parliament following the discovery last week of the woman’s burned body in Hyderabad
9/10 December 2019 lower house approved measure excluding Muslims from a path to citizenship: 9 December 2019 Citizenship Amendment Bill - 10 December 2019: After Indian parliament’s lower house approved measure covering citizenship for non-Muslim minorities, excluding Muslims from a path to citizenship for religious minorities from its neighbours, and prompting criticism at home and abroad, a federal panel on religion has urged the USA to weigh sanctions against India's Home Minister Amit Shah
December 2019 protests in India after woman gang raped, burned to death: 1 December 2019: Protests in India after woman gang raped, burned to death, and four men arrested over murder of veterinary doctor, which has left country in shock
7 December 2019 India rape victim dies after being set alight on her way to court: 7 December 2019: A 23-year-old rape victim, who was on her way to board a train in Unnao district of northern Uttar Pradesh state, and who was set on fire by a gang of men, which included her alleged rapist, has died in a New Delhi hospital, the doctor treating her said
15/16 December 2019 resistance against citizenship law: 16 December 2019: Protests grow against citizenship law seen as anti-Muslim, as six people have died in the north-east and up to 100 reported injured in Delhi, and as more protests were held in Kolkata, Kerala and Modi’s home state Gujarat
17 December 2019 women form human shield around man in New Delhi against violent police and protests: 17 December 2019: Women form human shield around man in New Delhi and shout 'go back, go back' as officers attempt to beat him with sticks, amid protests across India against law to fast-track citizenship for everyone except Muslim asylum seekers - 17 December 2019: Students in Delhi have condemned their 'barbaric' treatment at the hands of police who stormed a peaceful protest against the new citizenship bill over the weekend, injuring dozens, as anger grows across country
18 December 2019 freedom of association limited by oppressive Modi regime: 18 décembre 2019: Les autorités indiennes ont interdit mercredi les rassemblements en plusieurs lieux de la capitale New Delhi, théâtre la veille d'échauffourées entre policiers et manifestants opposés à une loi sur la citoyenneté qui divise le géant d'Asie du Sud
19 December 2019 India under Modi's rule suffers most pollution-linked deaths in world: 19 December 2019: India under Modi's rule suffers most pollution-linked deaths in world, study finds, as pollution causes more than 2 million deaths a year in India, while Chad, Central African Republic and North Korea saw highest per capita rates
20 December 2019 death toll rises to 14 in Modi's crackdown: 20 December 2019: Death toll rises to 14 in India clashes over new citizenship law, as 6 people killed in Uttar Pradesh, including 2 from Modi's gunfire
22 December 2019 after at least 25 people died Hindu nationalist Modi seeks to soothe India: 22 December 2019: After at least 25 people have died in almost two weeks of demonstrations and violence after Modi’s regime passed the law criticized as anti-Muslim, causer Hindu nationalist Modi continues his sectarian way, as tens of thousands gathered late Saturday in the southern city of Hyderabad, and other protests took place on Sunday, including in Jaipur and Mumbai, and as regime across the country took hundreds of people into custody, banning public gatherings and blocking internet access
23 December 2019 Congress party demands 'protection for the constitution and the rights of people enshrined in it': 23 December 2019: India’s main opposition party including Congress party chief Sonia Gandhi staged a silent protest in the capital on Monday against the contentious new citizenship law, a day after Hindu nationalist Modi defended the legislation, as around 2,000 people joined the protest at the Raj Ghat, a memorial dedicated to Mahatma Gandhi, where the party demanded 'protection for the constitution and the rights of people enshrined in it'
24 December 2019 Modi's Hindu nationalist party has lost a key state legislature election: 24 December 2019: Modi's Hindu nationalist party has lost a key state legislature election, a setback for the party as it faces massive anti-government protests against a contentious new citizenship law, as BJP yielded power to an alliance forged among the opposition Congress party and powerful regional groups in eastern Jharkhand state
30 December 2019 police in Delhi used facial recognition software to screen political rally: 30 December 2019: Police in Delhi used facial recognition software to screen crowds at a recent political rally, raising concerns about privacy and mass surveillance amidst nationwide protests against a new citizenship law
3 January 2020 India's Muslims tell of wave of police brutality: 3 January 2020: India's Muslims tell of wave of police brutality, saying 'we are not safe'
10 January 2020 India’s supreme court orders Modi regime to review all restrictions in Indian-controlled Kashmir: 10 January 2020: India’s supreme court has ordered the Modi regime to review all restrictions in Indian-controlled Kashmir within a week, saying the indefinite suspension of people’s rights amounted to an abuse of power
13 January 2020 Hindu nationalist BJP's Dilip Ghosh threatens to shoot and jail people who protest a new citizenship law: 13 January 2020: Head of Modi's Hindu nationalist BJP in the state of West Bengal, Dilip Ghosh, has threatened to shoot and jail people who protest a new citizenship law that has triggered a month of nationwide demonstrations
14 January 2020 Kerala challenges new citizenship law in Supreme Court: 14 January 2020: The southern Indian state of Kerala became the first to legally challenge a new citizenship law in Supreme Court that has triggered nationwide demonstrations, saying the law violates the secular nature of India's Constitution, and accusing the Hindu nationalist BJP of dividing the nation along communal lines
1 February 2020 India’s activists tell of false arrest and torture in custody: 1 February 2020: India’s activists in protest over controversial new citizenship bill tell of false arrest and torture in custody, citing a senior police officer threatening 'I’ll destroy your family’, as dozens of leading social and legal activists were illegally targeted, rounded up and detained by police, with several tortured and most kept in prison on fabricated charges, without ever being presented to a magistrate
25 February 2020 Trump’s visit overshadowed by deadly protests: 25 February 2020: Xenophobic Trump’s visit to Delhi has been overshadowed by deadly protests that have continued to engulf India’s capital, as Muslim and Hindu groups clashed violently and the death toll rose to 9
26 February 2020 death toll from Hindu nationalist ignited violence in Delhi has risen to 21: 26 February 2020: The death toll from the worst religious violence in Delhi in decades has risen to 21, as Muslims fled from their homes and several mosques in the capital smouldered after being attacked by Hindu mobs
1 March 2020 Hindu rampage stoked by the rhetoric of Modi’s nationalist government: 1 March 2020: Violence in India’s capital has left more than 40 dead and hundreds injured after a Hindu nationalist rampage, stoked by the rhetoric of Narendra Modi’s populist government
22 March 2020 migrant workers defying Modi's 14-hour 'people's curfew' to reach their home villages: 22 March 2020: Indian migrant workers attempting to reach their home villages crowded a railway station in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, defying a 14-hour 'people's curfew' that Hindu nationalist PM Modi called to stem a surge in coronavirus cases in the world's second-most populous country, as shortly before 5 p.m., the cacophony in New Delhi began with people on balconies and rooftops clapping, ringing bells, banging pots and pans, playing music recordings and even exploding fireworks, sending crows and parakeets streaming from treetops, and stray dogs and cows into the deserted streets
26 March 2020 India begins enforcing coronavirus lockdown as global virus infections near 500,000: 26 March 2020: As India on Thursday began enforcing the world’s largest coronavirus lockdown, trying to keep its 1.3 billion people indoors, in neighboring Pakistan a caseload of nearly 1,100 infections propelled government efforts to persuade the country’s more than 200 million people to stay home, and global virus infections near 500,000
26 March 2020 jobless after virus lockdown India's poor struggle to eat: 26 March 2020; Jobless after virus lockdown, India's poor struggle to eat, as finance ministry announced a $22 billion economic stimulus package that will include delivering grains and lentil rations for three months to 800 million people
28 March 2020 millions of Indians who live off daily earnings out of work: 28 March 2020: Indian authorities send buses to take unemployed to villages, as lockdown has began on Wednesday and effectively put millions of Indians who live off daily earnings out of work
30 March 2020 India wracked by greatest exodus since partition: 30 March 2020: India wracked by greatest exodus since partition due to coronavirus with millions of workers fleeing cities as wages evaporate, with many walking hundreds of miles home
Since March 2020 nationwide lockdown against covid-19 and by state: Since 25 March 2020 nationwide lockdown for 21 days, limiting movement of the entire 1.3 billion population of India as a preventive measure against covid-19 in India - Since March 2020 impact of nationwide lockdown, on food supply chain, on migrant workers and the whole nation - Since March 2020 Indian local government response to the 2020 covid-19 pandemic by state
17 April 2020 India’s poor face world’s largest lockdown: 17 April 2020: India’s poor face world’s largest lockdown, as Modi administration has launched one of the most draconian social experiments in human history, locking down its entire population, including about 176 million people who struggle to survive on $1.90 a day or less
22 April 2020 India’s lockdown to curb covid-19 and cleaner air and rivers: 22 April 2020: India’s extended lockdown to curb covid-19 outbreak has shut down schools, workplaces, industries, transport, and forced people to stay home, but it also led to an unexpected bonus of cleaner air and rivers, showing regime's inability to tackle environmental disasters in the past
8 May 2020 sleeping workers run over by train: 8 mai 2020: Seize travailleurs migrants ont été tués alors qu'ils tentaient de rentrer chez eux durant le confinement dans l'état du Maharashtra
16 May 2020 tens of thousands of impoverished migrant workers on the move across India: 16 May 2020: Tens of thousands of impoverished migrant workers are on the move across India, walking on highways and railway tracks or riding trucks, buses and crowded trains in blazing heat - 16 May 2020: Truck collision on Indian highway kills 23 migrant workers
8 August 2020 India plans to fell ancient forest to create 40 new coalfields: 8 August 2020: India's Modi plans to fell ancient forest to create 40 new coalfields, as his dream of a ‘self-reliant India’ comes at a terrible price for its indigenous population
29 September 2020 Amnesty International has been forced to shut down operations in India: 29 September 2020: Amnesty International has been forced to shut down operations in India and lay off all staff after the Indian government froze the accounts of Amnesty’s Indian arm this month as the group published two reports highly critical of the government’s human rights record
12 January 2021 India’s supreme court suspended series of controversial new agriculture laws: 12 January 2021: India’s supreme court has suspended a series of controversial new agriculture laws that had prompted hundreds of thousands of farmers to stage a months-long protest in Delhi over fears their livelihoods were at stake, as unions vow further demonstrations until laws repealed
16 December 2021 India begins world's biggest covid-19 vaccination programme: 16 December 2021: India begins world's biggest covid-19 vaccination programme, as the administration of the country of 1.3 billion people hopes to vaccinate 300 million citizens by August
17 January 2021 Mahatma Gandhi's killer venerated as Hindu nationalism resurges in India: 17 January 2021: Last Sunday in India's city of Gwalior a large crowd of men gathered, wearing bright saffron hats and scarves, a colour evoking Hindu nationalism and with flowers as devotional offerings, attending the inauguration of the Godse Gyan Shala, a memorial library and 'knowledge centre' dedicated to Nathuram Godse, the man who shot Mahatma Gandhi
30 January 2021 India blocks mobile internet at sites of farmers’ protest: 30 January 2021: India blocks mobile internet at sites of farmers’ protest, as demonstrators begin hunger strike outside Delhi after week of clashes with police
1 February 2021 Indian journalists face criminal charges over police shooting reports: 1 February 2021: Indian journalists face criminal charges over police shooting reports, as cases filed against nine journalists over reports that police officer fatally shot protester
3 February 2021 pop singer angers Hindu nationalist administration with tweet about farmers’ protests: 3 February 2021: Indian pop singer Rihanna has provoked the ire of the Hindu nationalist administration after wading into the debate over protests by farmers in the country, just as heavy police security and 'war-like' barricades continue to be built up at demonstration sites around Delhi, after administration this week began cracking down on the hundreds of thousands of farmers camped out on the Delhi border since November
27 April 2021 international aid arrives in India to combat deadly covid-19 crisis: 27 April 2021: International aid has been arriving in India and a number of countries have pledged to join in the fight against covid-19, as the country’s healthcare system is pushed to the brink of collapse by a deadly second wave
2 May 2021 Narendra Modi loses key state election as covid-19 grips India: 2 May 2021: India’s PM has suffered a rare political defeat in a key state election, amid signs of a voter backlash over his handling of the covid-19 disaster as the country reported a record number of deaths
3 May 2021 'hundreds of journalists have lost their lives’ covering India’s covid-19 crisis3 May 2021: 'Hundreds of journalists have lost their lives’ covering India’s covid-19 crisis, as 'The Guardian's' South Asia correspondent reflects on a catastrophe that is now affecting the lives of almost everyone in the country
12 May 2021 scores more bodies of suspected covid-19 victims found in Indian rivers: 12 May 2021: Scores more bodies of suspected covid-19 victims found in Indian rivers, as at least 90 more corpses wash up in Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh as virus continues spreading into poor rural areas
19 November 2021 repeal of farm laws huge victory for India’s farmers: 19 November 2021: Narendra Modi has announced he will repeal three contentious farm laws that prompted a year of protests and unrest in India, in one of the most significant concessions made by his government and in a huge victory for India’s farmers
29 November 2021 India’s Parliament has voted to scrap agricultural reform laws: 29 November 2021: India’s Parliament has voted to scrap agricultural reform laws that sparked a year of huge protests by farmers following surprise U-turn by PM Modi, after tens of thousands of farmers have been camped out on the outskirts of the capital New Delhi for more than a year – one of the biggest challenges to Modi’s Hindu nationalist government since he came to power in 2014
11 December 2021 Indian farmers head home after year-long protests, government's repeal: 11 December 2021: Thousands of Indian farmers have packed their belongings and dismantled tent cities on the outskirts of Delhi as they headed home following a year-long protest against the government’s agriculture policies , after in a rare retreat last month, PM Modi announced and pushed through parliament the repeal of three contentious laws that farmers claimed would let private companies control the country’s agriculture sector
11 May 2022 India's Supreme Court has put a controversial colonial-era sedition law on hold: 11 May 2022: India's Supreme Court has put a controversial colonial-era sedition law on hold that critics say is used to stifle dissent, as judges asked the government to refrain from registering any new cases which invoke sedition until it finishes hearing petitions challenging it, also asking the authorities to pause all existing sedition trials, after the government has been accused of using the law against critics, such as politicians, journalists and activists
5 June 2022 BJP sanctions spokespersons over Prophet Muhammad insults: 5 June 2022: India’s ruling Bharatiya Janata Party led by PM Modi has sanctioned two party spokespersons following an international outcry over insulting comments the pair are reported to have made regarding Prophet Muhammad, according to party documents and local media, as BJP national spokeswoman Nupur Sharma was suspended from the party’s primary membership for comments made in a recent TV debate, while the BJP’s Delhi media operation head Naveen Kumar Jindal was expelled
25 December 2022 anger over push to make Hindi national language of India: 25 December 2022: Tensions are rising in India over PM Narendra Modi’s push to make Hindi the country’s dominant language. His BJP government has been accused of an agenda of 'Hindi imposition' and 'Hindi imperialism' and non-Hindi speaking states in south and east India have been fighting back. One morning in November, MV Thangavel, an 85-year-old farmer from the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu, stood outside a local political party office and held a banner aloft, addressing Modi. 'Modi government, central government, we don’t want Hindi … get rid of Hindi', it read. Then he doused himself in paraffin and set himself alight. Thangavel did not survive.
14 February 2023 BBC offices in India raided by tax officials amid Modi documentary fallout: 14 February 2023: BBC offices in India have been raided by tax department officials, just weeks after the release of a documentary critical of the PM Narendra Modi, which was later blocked by the government, as more than a dozen officials from the country’s income tax department turned up at the BBC offices in Delhi - where hundreds of employees are based - to conduct a 'survey', and as documents and phones of several journalists were taken and the offices were sealed
5 June 2023 India's deadly train crash near Balasore renews questions over safety and government responsibility: 5 June 2023: Railways minister Vaishnaw and authorities have asked the Central Bureau of Investigation to probe Friday’s crash, after PM Modi, who swept to power in 2014 on a promise of future greatness, including upgrading the country’s transport system as a key priority, decaying infrastructure is often cited as a cause for traffic delays and numerous train accidents in India. More than 16,000 people were killed in nearly 18,000 railway accidents across the country in 2021, as now in June 2023 at least 288 people were killed and over 1,000 injured in as three-way crash in Odisha. Many of the travelers were migrant workers, en route to Chennai, an urban metropolis in the southernmost Indian state of Tamil Nadu, where jobs are more freely available. - 2 June 2023 train collision in the Indian state of Odisha near the city of Balasore. This involved three trains, incl. the passenger trains 12841 Coromandel Express and 12864 SMVT Bengaluru–Howrah SF Express, as well as a goods train. As of 3 June 2023, at least 288 people were killed and around 900 were injured in the incident, with many in critical condition.
19 December 2023 Indian government accused of attack on democracy as 141 MPs suspended: 19 December 2023: More than 140 Indian opposition politicians have been suspended from parliament, the largest number in history, after protesting against a recent security breach at the parliamentary premises. The ruling BJP government was accused of a direct attack on democracy and creating 'anarchy' after 141 MPs from 11 different opposition parties, who sit in the lower and upper houses of parliament, were suspended for the rest of the winter session. While opposition MPs have been suspended by the BJP government in the past, this was the most bulk suspensions of MPs on record in Indian parliamentary history. On Monday alone 78 MPs were suspended, the highest in a single day.
28 March 2024 USA criticises Delhi chief minister Kejriwal’s arrest by Modi regime: 28 March 2024: The chief minister of Delhi Arvind Kejriwal has been remanded in custody for a further four days amid international criticism of his arrest on corruption charges last week. A Delhi court ruled on Thursday that a powerful central government agency could keep Arvind Kejriwal in jail until 1 April as part of a corruption investigation his party decried as a 'political conspiracy' before national elections beginning next month
1 April 2024 opposition accuses government of ‘match fixing’ for elections over Arvind Kejriwal treatment: 1 April 2024: Delhi’s chief minister, a key opposition leader, must remain in custody for a further two weeks, a court has ruled, with India’s opposition parties accusing the government of 'match fixing' before the country’s elections later this month. On Monday, a court ruled that Arvind Kejriwal could remain in judicial custody till 15 April and will be sent to Delhi’s notorious Tihar jail. The court ruling will keep Kejriwal behind bars at a crucial time of campaigning for AAP and the opposition coalition, just before the national elections, which will begin on 19 April when Modi will be seeking a third term in power. This is the third extension that the courts have granted to the enforcement directorate - the central government agency leading the investigation - to keep Kejriwal behind bars.
19 April – 1 June 2024 Indian general election: 19 April – 1 June 2024 Indian general election, scheduled to be held in 7 phases to constitute the 18th Lok Sabha and to elect its 543 members. The votes will be counted and the results will be declared on 4 June 2024. This is the largest-ever election in history, surpassing the 2019 Indian general election, and lasts 44 days, second only to the 1951–52 Indian general election. Narendra Modi, who completed a second term as PM, is running for a third consecutive term. Approximately 970 million people out of a population of 1.4 billion people are eligible to vote. - Opinion polling for the 2024 Indian general election - 2024 elections in India
10 May 2024 jailed Indian opposition leader Kejriwal granted bail to take part in election campaign: 10 May 2024: Jailed Indian opposition leader granted bail to take part in election campaign, as Supreme court judges order Arvind Kejriwal’s release until 1 June and question timing of his arrest on corruption charges
5 June 2024 Narendra Modi wins backing of allies to form Indian government: 5 June 2024: Narendra Modi has secured the backing of his political allies in order to form a government and is expected to be sworn in over the weekend, after a dramatic election in which his party failed to secure an outright majority. At a meeting in Delhi after Tuesday’s shock results, parties in the National Democratic Alliance, which is led by Modi’s Bharatiya Janata party BJP, pledged their support to Modi and backed his return as prime minister for a historic third term.


Social movements, trade unions and protests in India: Protests in India - Social movements in India - Human rights organisations based in India - Trade Unions in India - Environmental organisations based in India - Women's organisations in India - Self-Employed Women's Association of India
February 2011: 23. Februar 2011: Massenproteste der Gewerkschaften gegen hohe Lebensmittelpreise und Regierungspolitik in Indien
February-September 2012: 28 February 2012: Major trade unions across India have called for a 24-hour strike today to protest against "anti-labour" policies of the government - 28 February: Millions of Indian workers strike for rights - 31 May: Nationwide strikes over fuel prices - 18 July: Violence again at Maruti Suzuki's Manesar plant, charred body found - 20 September 2012: Nationwide strike in India against retail reforms allowing in foreign retail giants such as Walmart and Tesco
September 2012: 22 September 2012: Protests against the controversial Kudankulam nuclear plant continue unabated with thousands of fishermen having laid siege to the port at Tuticorin
February 2013: 20 February 2013: Major trade unions began a two-day strike to protest high inflation, fuel price increase and violations of labour laws on Wednesday - 20/21 February: Overwhelming response to strike, entering second day - 21 February: In Murshidabad district panchayat worker Hazrat Omar claims that Trinamool Congress party workers cut his left ear for not reporting to work - 23 February: Brick kiln worker Majhi whose eye was severely damaged after he was attacked allegedly by Trinamool Congress supporters on Thursday has spoken to TV about the incident from his hospital bed
April 2013: 3 April 2013: Thousands paid tribute to Sudipto Gupta, the 22-year-old student activist who died in police custody, outside the office of the Students Federation of India
July 2013: 17 juillet 2013: Violentes manifestations en Inde après l'intoxication mortelle de 22 écoliers - 19 July: Protests by students in Bihar over mid-day meal turn violent
September 2014: 25 September: Over 2,000 protesters of the Indian Youth Congress protested against PM Modi's government for failing to fulfill its poll promises, including bringing black money back to the country, police used force and also detained protesters
April-December 2015: 22 April 2015: An impoverished Indian farmer died after hanging himself in front of hundreds of other farmers who had gathered for a protest in Delhi, as at least 40 farmers have killed themselves in recent weeks - 26/27 August 2015: India's Gujarat state hit by violent caste-related protests, as at least half a million members of the Patidar community rallied in Ahmedabad to demand changes to policies facing falling agricultural incomes and an overall socio-economic squeeze - 22 December 2015: Protesters and the parents of Jyoti Singh, who died after she was gang raped on a bus in Delhi in December 2012, demand law reform after one of the attackers was freed from jail
February 2016: 2 February 2016: Uproar over video of Delhi police and others beating students who were protesting outside the RSS headquarters in Jhandewalan over Dalit research scholar Rohith Vemula’s suicide
September 2016 Indian general strike: On 2 September 2016, an estimated 150 million to 180 million Indian public sector workers went on a 24-hour nationwide general strike against PM Narendra Modi's plans for increasing privatization and other economic policies, as a total of ten trade unions participated - 2 September 2016: Tens of millions of Indian public sector workers strike nationwide in fight for higher wages, despite last-minute concessions by ministries, including a 104-rupee rise in unskilled workers’ daily minimum wage, that could not ward off the strike against what unions said were the 'anti-worker and anti-people' policies of Narendra Modi’s government
April 2018 caste protests in India: April 2018 caste protests in India
May 2018: 22 May 2018: At least nine people have been killed after police fired at protesters calling for the closure of a copper smelter in southern India's port city of Thoothukudi, alleging it is a major source of pollution and a risk to fisheries - 23 May 2018: Opposition politicians in the state of Tamil Nadu have accused the police of committing mass murder against protesters opposed to the expansion of a copper smelting facility in the port city of Thoothukudi - 28 May 2018: Indian copper plant blamed for unnaturally high cancer rates in surrounding villages shut down days after deadly protests
June 2018: 5 June 2018: Days after 13 protesters were fatally gunned down by police, including a teenage girl, activists won a key victory over one of the world’s largest mining companies, but few Tuticorin residents are celebrating closure, with many battling cancer and sickness
August 2018: 7 August 2018: Hundreds of thousands of tea plantation workers in eastern India went on a three-day strike on Tuesday demanding a 20% increase in their daily wage, amounting to 50 cents, from the government and estate owners
August 2019 protests against scrapped special status for Kashmir: 5 August 2019: Protests in Delhi after Narendra Modi’s government scrapped the special status for Kashmir - 7 August 2019: Hundreds rally in Delhi to protest against India's Kashmir move, as critics denounce the move as illegal
20-27 September 2019 climate crisis protests: 20 September 2019: More than 14,000 people have signed up for 26 events in as many locations across India to participate in the week-long Global Climate Strike
12 December 2019 Indian police fire teargas at citizenship bill protesters: 12 December 2019: Indian police fire teargas at citizenship bill protesters, as paramilitary forces deployed at demonstrations in north-east over bill excluding Muslims
15/16 December 2019 protests in India: 16 December 2019: Angry protesters in northeast India vowed Sunday to keep demonstrating against a contentious citizenship law as the death toll from bloody clashes sparked by the bill rose to six, as more protests were held in New Delhi, in Kolkata, Kerala and Modi’s home state Gujarat - 16 December 2019: Protests grow against citizenship law seen as anti-Muslim, as six people have died in the north-east and up to 100 reported injured in Delhi - 16 December 2019: India citizenship law protests spread across campuses
17 December 2019 women form human shield around man in New Delhi against violent police and protests: 17 December 2019: Women form human shield around man in New Delhi and shout 'go back, go back' as officers attempt to beat him with sticks, amid protests across India against law to fast-track citizenship for everyone except Muslim asylum seekers - 17 December 2019: Students in Delhi have condemned their 'barbaric' treatment at the hands of police who stormed a peaceful protest against the new citizenship bill over the weekend, injuring dozens, as anger grows across country
19 December 2019 protesters across India defy Modi's bans on public assembly: 19 December 2019: Protesters across India have defied bans on public assembly and two mobile networks have cut services across parts of Delhi, as anger continues to grow over controversial citizenship law, and after days of demonstrations have left six citizens dead, injured many more and prompted warnings from the UN over excessive force by Modi's forces
20/21 December 2019 six people died, 32 injured when Indian police clashed with protesters: 20 December 2019: Largest protests in decades signal Modi may have gone too far, as peaceful demonstrations against citizenship act continue despite ban, uniting people of all ages, castes and religions - 21 December 2019: Six people died and dozens were injured when Indian police clashed with thousands of protesters who again took to the streets in several parts of the country to oppose a new law they say discriminates against Muslims
21 December 2019 Gandhi’s great-grandson joins wave of protest: 21 December 2019: Last week 25,000 protesters gathered in Mewat, in the Indian state of Haryana, begining the historic five-mile walk to Ghasera village, where 72 years ago Mahatma Gandhi made the same journey during the turmoil of partition, visiting the area with the promise of a dignified life for local Muslims, but today the five-mile walk to Ghasera felt different after Indian parliament passed discriminatory law against Muslims, as Gandhi’s great-grandson joins wave of protest
22 December 2019 after at least 25 people died Hindu nationalist Modi seeks to soothe India: 22 December 2019: After at least 25 people have died in almost two weeks of demonstrations and violence after Modi’s regime passed the law criticized as anti-Muslim, causer Hindu nationalist Modi seeks to soothe India’s citizens, as tens of thousands gathered late Saturday in the southern city of Hyderabad, and other protests took place on Sunday, including in Jaipur and Mumbai, and as regime across the country took hundreds of people into custody, banning public gatherings and blocking internet access
27 December 2019 protests against citizenship act continue: 27 décembre 2019: Internet encore coupé en vue des prochaines manifestations
4 January 2020 more than 100,000 protesters in Hyderabad against Modi’s citizenship law: 4 January 2020: More than 100,000 protesters have taken part in a peaceful march in the southern Indian city of Hyderabad, chanting slogans against Narendra Modi’s new citizenship law
6 January 2020 students blame Modi's BJP over violence: 6 January 2020: Students have protested in cities across India after a masked mob stormed a high-profile university in Delhi and attacked students and teachers with weapons including sledgehammers, iron rods and bricks, injuring more than 30, as the Jawaharlal Nehru University blamed violence on a students' union tied to Modi's BJP, and as students put out pictures of violent mobs entering university residential halls, their faces covered with cloth, even threatening death for traitors, and as students Reuters spoke to said police watched as the mob rampaged inside the campus
8 January 2020 strike of India as workers against Modi: 8 January 2020: A 24-hour strike has disrupted much of India as workers took to the streets in several major cities to protest against the country’s worsening economic slowdown and PM Modi’s policies
9 February 2020 activists in Delhi demand an end to violence against women: 9 February 2020: Activists gathered in India’s capital on Sunday to demand an end to violence against women in a country where such crimes are rising, as dozens of artists performed a play in solidarity with the global One Billion Rising movement
25 February 2020 Trump’s visit to Delhi overshadowed by deadly protests: 25 February 2020: Xenophobic Trump’s visit to Delhi has been overshadowed by deadly protests that have continued to engulf India’s capital, as Muslim and Hindu groups clashed violently and the death toll rose to 9
3 October 2020 police officers suspended over gang rape case and protests: 3 octobre 2020: Plusieurs agents de police qui auraient tenté d’étouffer le cas du viol collectif d’une jeune Indienne de 19 ans ont été suspendus, et l’indignation suscitée par cette affaire a provoqué d’importantes manifestations dans le pays
6 April 2023 Indian government accused of rewriting history to fit its Hindu nationalist agenda: 6 April 2023: The Indian government has been accused of rewriting history to fit its Hindu nationalist agenda after school textbooks were edited to remove references to Mahatma Gandhi’s opposition to Hindu nationalism, as well as mention of a controversial religious riot in which PM Narendra Modi was implicated
17 August 2024 hospitals in India hit as doctors begin nationwide strike over trainee’s rape and murder: 17 August 2024: Hospitals and clinics across India have begun turning away patients except for emergency cases as medical professionals started a 24-hour shutdown in protest against the rape and murder of a doctor in the eastern city of Kolkata. More than 1 million doctors were expected to join Saturday’s strike, paralysing medical services across the world’s most populous nation. Hospitals said faculty staff from medical colleges had been pressed into service for emergency cases.


Farmers' movements in India: Bardoli Satyagraha (civil disobedience and revolt in the Indian Independence Movement) - Category: Agriculture in India - Farming systems in India
October 2012 march of landless people: 11 October 2012: A march by 50.000 landless people to Delhi from Gwalior for framing a National Land Reforms Policy ends after government inks truce with protesters
October 2016 millions march in Maharashtra after four consecutive years of drought: 15 October 2016: Millions march in a sea of saffron, as the past two months at least a dozen cities in the western state of Maharashtra have exploded in an unprecedented outburst of popular uprising from the Maratha community, women and farmers using social media, after four consecutive years of drought have ruined harvests and left farmers without water even to drink or wash
Since August 2020 Indian farmers' protest: Since August 2020 Indian farmers' protest, an ongoing protest against the three farm acts passed by Indian Parliament in 2020, described as anti-farmer laws by farmer groups
29 November 2020 protesting farmers are surrounding the national capital from all directions: 29 November 2020: In Delhi Chalo farmers protest march farmers are surrounding the national capital from all directions
9 December 2020 farmera reject anti-farmer 'reform acts' and plan to intensify protests: 9 December 2020: Within hours of receiving union government's draft proposal to amend the new farm laws, farmera reject proposal, threatening to intensify protests, 'Indianexpress' reports live
7 January 2021 'Modi's policies are doing nothing for the poor' Indian farmers say: 7 January 2021: 'Modi's policies are doing nothing for the poor', according to India's farmers protesting about agricultural laws they claim will devastate their earnings
26 January 2021 Indian farmers protesting against new agriculture laws hit by police: 26 January 2021: Indian farmers protesting against new agriculture laws enter grounds of historic fort as farmers say 'we have been protesting for the last six months but government didn’t bother to listen to us', and as police hit protesters with batons and fired teargas to try to disperse the crowds after hundreds of thousands of farmers, many on tractors or horses, marched on the capital, and as one protester was confirmed to have died in the clashes and many were injured
29 January 2021 riot police attempt to clear farmers from Delhi protest camp: 29 January 2021: Riot police attempt to clear farmers from Delhi protest camp, as Indian farmers protesting against new agriculture laws reinforce their numbers and vow to continue
6 February 2021 farmers blockaded main roads across India to press their demand for the repeal of new agricultural laws: 6 February 2021: Farmers block roads across India in protest over agriculture law, as protesters use tractors, lorries and boulders to create blockades and press for repeal of legislation
5 September 2021 tens of thousands join rally in Uttar Pradesh in India farmers' protests: 5 September 2021: In India farmers' protests tens of thousands join rally in Uttar Pradesh
4 October 2021 9 people killed during protest by farmers in Uttar Pradesh: 4 October 2021: Nine people have been killed in violent clashes during a protest by hundreds of farmers in the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, in a deadly escalation of year-long demonstrations against contentious agriculture laws. The farmers had gathered for a demonstration on Sunday in Lakhimpur Kheri district, where junior home affairs minister and state’s deputy chief minister were due to visit
19 November 2021 repeal of farm laws huge victory for India’s farmers: 19 November 2021: Narendra Modi has announced he will repeal three contentious farm laws that prompted a year of protests and unrest in India, in one of the most significant concessions made by his government and in a huge victory for India’s farmers
Repression of protesting farmers:
August 2011: 11 August 2011: Police shooting at protesting and fleeing farmers in Pune in Maharashtra state, causing death of three farmers - 12 August 2011: Controversy over the death of three farmers spreads - 12 August 2011: Maharashtra opposition seeks dismissal of government
Farmers' suicides in India: Farmers' suicides in India
September 2011: 2 September 2011: Five cotton growers commit suicide in Vidarbha, a total of 507 suicides of farmers during 2011 alone in Vidarbha
April 2015: 22 April 2015: An impoverished Indian farmer died after hanging himself in front of hundreds of other farmers who had gathered for a protest in Delhi, as at least 40 farmers have killed themselves in recent weeks
February-June 2017: 14 February 2017: The terrible truth behind the wave of farmer suicides in India - 18 May 2017: 852 farmer suicides in four months in Maharashtra - 4 June 2017: Harassed by moneylender, farmer commits suicide in UP's Firozabad district - 9 June 2017: Maharashtra village tense after farmer Dhanaji Jadhav's suicide


India Against Corruption: India Against Corruption - 2011 Indian anti-corruption movement - 2012 Indian anti-corruption movement
August 2011: 16 August 2011: Anti-corruption activist Anna Hazare arrested - protests are beginning across the country - 16 August: Chidambaram's 'democracy' of 5.000, of preconditions, of police directives and unlawful detention faces strong opposition - 17 August: Tens of thousands of Indians protest in support of Anna Hazare across the country - 21 August: At least 50.000 express solidarity with anti-corruption campaigner Hazare in New Delhi - on Friday more than 500 protests with more than one million people across the country - 23 August: Indian government hold first talks with supporters of Anna Hazare - 23 August: PM sends letter to Anna Hazare - 24 August: All-party meeting on anti-graft law to deal with the demands of Indian anti-corruption movement - 25/26 August: Government agrees to start Lokpal debate in parliament, on Saturday - 28 August: Activist Anna Hazare ends hunger strike after parliament expressed support for parts of his anti-corruption plan
October 2011: 15 October: BJP ex-chief minister Yeddyuarappa arrested over corruption scandal
December 2011: 14 December: India set for all-party meeting on anti-corruption bill - 27 December: India MPs pass anti-corruption Lokpal bill amid protests demanding a stronger law - 30 December: Corruption bill delay amid chaos in the upper house condemned by opposition parties
March 2012: 26 March 2012: Army chief discloses offer of Rs. 14-crore bribe, CBI inquiry ordered amid ongoing protests of anti-corruption movement
April 2012: 28 April: India's former BJP chief Laxman sentenced to four years for bribery accepting money from reporters posing as arms dealers
May 2012: 30 May: Team Anna seeks independent probe into charges against PM
June 2012: 24 June: A man pushed out of a running train in Bihar by a railway official after he refused to pay a bribe
July 2012: 25 July: Team Anna to launch indefinite hunger strike today for Lokpal Bill - 29 July: More than 70 supporters of Team Anna detained when they staged a demonstration outside the residence of Home Minister Chidambaram
August 2012: 26 August: Police crack down on IAC protesters - 27 August: India PM rejects coal scandal accusations
September 2012: 4 September: Police conduct raids on coal companies that won mining bids in scandal that reportedly caused $33bn loss to exchequer - 18 September: Corruption investigation against senior Maharashtra minister Chhagan Bhujbal
October 2012: 17 October: India's Law Minister Salman Khurshid warns anti-corruption activist Arvind Kejriwal saying he 'will also work with blood'
December 2012: 4 December: India has been suspended by the International Olympic Committee ahead of elections in which officials accused of corruption were set to be appointed
April 2013: 11 April 2013: In an unprecedented move, the Maharashtra government has suspended 36 policemen attached to Nehru Nagar Police Station in Kurla for allegedly accepting bribe from a person, who caught the act on camera
December 2013: 8 December 2013: Arvind Kejriwal, who is a former tax inspector with a record of campaigning for transparency in India's notoriously dirty politics, and his Aam Aadmi anti-corruption party made a stunning breakthrough in New Delhi's state election - 9 December: Anna Hazare accuses the Centre of 'betrayal', going back on its promise on Jan Lokpal Bill, and announces indefinite fast from tomorrow for passage of the anti-graft law in Parliament - 18 December 2013: Lokpal Bill passes in Lok Sabha, will become law soon and anti-corruption movement celebrates
January 2014: 9 January 2014: New Delhi AAP government launches anti-corruption helpline - 16 January: In a third arrest by Delhi government's anti-corruption branch a sub-inspector of Vikaspuri police station was arrested for allegedly taking bribe to recommend a revolver licence
20/21 January 2014 Aam Aadmi Party's Delhi protest: 20/21 January 2014 Aam Aadmi Party's Delhi protest - 21 January: Kejriwal calls off sit-in in Delhi
February 2014: 2 February: After its 'corrupt list' targeting national politicians, Aam Aadmi Party says it will release a list of leaders at the state-level - 25 February: Arvind Kejriwal warns about corruption
March 2014: 10 March: As many politicians charged with serious cases of graft, among them Congress and BJP leaders, contest the national election in April/May, Supreme Court wants politicians' cases decided within a year


Violence against women, rape, eve teasing in India and protests: Violence against women in India and protests - Rape in India - India's National Crime Records Bureau annual reports: Crime against women in India 2013 - Rape of minors in India - Rape statistics of selected countries: India - Eve teasing
1 February 2011 Soumya Murder Case: Soumya Murder Case 2011
2012: 21 December 2012: Hundreds of men accused of sexual violence stand in elections and dozens campaigning for national assembly - NZZ 26. Dezember 2012: Zunahme der Gewalt gegen Frauen in Indien auch wegen ineffizienter und korrupter Polizei und Justiz
6 December 2012 Ahmedabad gang rape and suicide attempt: 29 December: A 14-year-old gang-rape victim attempted suicide by consuming poison at her residence in Ahmedabad in the district of Dholka town
December 2012 Patiala gang rape and suicide: 27 December 2012: A 17-year-old girl in Patiala who had been gang-raped has committed suicide because the police embarrassed her and refused to register a case for over a month
16 December 2012 Jyoti Singh gang rape and murder in Delhi: 16 December 2012 Delhi gang rape case - 19 December 2012: Tens of thousands of demonstrators took to the streets across India calling on authorities to stem the rising tide of violent sexual attacks on women, after the 23-year-old medical student Jyoti Singh was raped and beaten by six men on a Delhi bus - 21 December: Women stage protest outside Rashtrapati Bhavan as arrests continue in Delhi gang-rape case - 23 December: Demonstrators and police clash at rape protest - 23 December: Protesters meet Sonia Gandhi and her son, who assure speedy action - 24 December: In a televised address Indian PM Manmohan Singh assures to 'make all possible efforts to ensure security and safety of women in this country' - 25 December: Delhi rape victim's statement recorded again amid controversy over alleged 'interference' - SDM Usha Chaturvedi reports that the police tried to intimidate her - 25 December: 16 girls detained for four hours by Delhi police allege that police manhandled and beat them up
29 December 2012 death of Jyoti Singh: 29 December: Across India, people are sharing their sorrow over the murder of the 23-year-old medical student Jyoti Singh who died early this morning in a hospital in Singapore - 29 December: When Jyoti Singh died at a hospital on Singapore, her parents were with her - 29 December: Indians mourn death of gang-rape victim Jyoti Singh - 31 December: India has scaled back New Year celebrations, as it mourned the murder of the medical student Jyoti Singh in Delhi - 11 mars 2013: L'un des auteurs présumés du viol collectif dans un bus de New Delhi s’est pendu - 1 September 2013: Outrage in India over first Delhi gang-rape sentence (3 years in a juvenile detention centre) - 13 September 2013: All four men convicted of raping and murdering Jyoti Singh sentenced to death on Friday
23 December cardiac arrest of constable Tomar in Delhi: 25 December 2012: Constable according to police injured during Sunday's protest at India Gate dies - 26 December: Two eyewitnesses, Mr Yogendra and Ms Pauline, both photographed as they helped constable Tomar, say he collapsed as he was chasing protesters, reporting that other policemen ignored his desperate requests to call for an ambulance - 27 December: Arriving in hospital constable Tomar 'had already suffered a cardiac arrest and had almost no pulse', Medical Superintendent Sidhu says
December 2012 Congress discovers India's 'painted ladies': 27 December 2012: Indian President Pranab Mukherjee's son MP Abhijit Mukherjee (Indian National Congress) mocks at India saying 'these pretty ladies coming out to protest are highly dented and painted' - 28 December 2012: Congress party wants no action against Abhijit Mukherjee, spokesman Alvi says, as Congress commemorates the party's 127th anniversary, celebrates itself and Sonia Gandhi comments for the first time on the case of the young medical student Jyoti Singh who is fighting for her life now in a Singapore hospital - 29 December: When Jyoti Singh died at a hospital on Singapore, her parents, who had sold their small piece of land in Uttar Pradesh to afford her education in Delhi, were with her
29 December 2012 Barasat gang rape and murder: 30 December 2012: A 45-year-old woman was murdered after being gang-raped by eight men in West Bengal's Barasat town after her husband was severely beaten up for trying to prevent the attack
31 December 2012 Hight Court: 31 December: High Court upholds conviction of accused in the Bijal Joshi gang-rape case in Ahmedabad 2004
2012/2013: 19 January 2013: Rape cases in the Indian capital New Delhi jump 23% in 2012
3 January 2013: 3 January: At least five suspects will face charges in rape and murder of medical student that has sparked ongoing anger and protests across India - 3 January: Delhi women seek protection travelling on the city's public transport system
3 January 2013: 3 January: Assam Congress leader Brahma arrested for allegedly attempting to rape a woman - angry villagers took Mr Brahma into their custody and did not let him escape calling the police - 4 January: Brahma suspended by Congress over Assam sex attack
4/6 January 2013: 4 January: Delhi to appoint more policewomen - 4 January: The friend of the murdered medical student on a bus in Delhi has given his first interview since the incident criticising Delhi police for the slow response to the attack - 6 January: According to Indian law the father of the murdered medical student Jyoti Singh wants her named, Delhi Police refused to comment on the interview
7 January 2013: 7 January: Delhi gang rape suspects appear in India court for a hearing as four Indian policemen have been suspended over the handling of another rape and murder case in the Delhi suburb of Noida
13 January 2013: 13 janvier: Nouvelle affaire de viol collectif dans un bus - 13 January: Arrests made in India's latest rape case as protests across India continue
31 January 2013: 31 January: Delhi High Court orders the government to ensure that all hospitals provide urgent medical attention to rape survivors or those injured in road accidents after the friend of Jyoti Singh criticised Delhi police for the slow response
31 January 2013 and Suryanelli rape case 1996: Suryanelli rape case 1996-2013 - 31 January 2013: 17 years later the Supreme Court set aside a Kerala High Court verdict acquitting 35 men accused of raping 16-year-old girl from Suryanelli in Kerala in 1996
3/9 February 2013: 3 February: Despite objections from women's groups saying the cabinet selected the recommendations of the Justice JS Verma commission, an ordinance coming into effect immediately on sexual assault is signed, which the Parliament has to decide within six months - 9 February: The Juvenile Justice Board in Haryana's Rewari district has convicted a 23-year-old man of rape and abduction and sentenced him ... to serve at a cow shelter for six months
9 February 2013 and Suryanelli rape case 1996: Suryanelli rape case 1996-2013 - 31 December 2012: Despite all the time that has passed since, there is no respite for the Suryanelli rape victim, who was brutally raped and treated as an 'object of pleasure' for 45 days, and then told by the perpetrators including congress leader PJ Kurien to return home and keep mum - 1 January 2013: Raped by 42 men in 40 days, the victim awaits justice sixteen years later - 9 February: India's 'painted' Congress has to decide how it handle its leader PJ Kurien, the Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha, who has been identified by the survivor of Suryanelli rape case of assaulting her in Kerala in 1996 when she was a school girl - 9 February: Brinda Karat's letter to Vice President Hamid Ansari on allegations of rape against congress leader PJ Kurien
11 February 2013 and Suryanelli rape case 1996: 11 February: In Kerala's Kottayam district, the 33-year-old woman recounts how, when just a school girl, she was kidnapped, tortured and raped by 42 men in 40 days, saying that 'no party has forced me to take PJ Kurien's name' and that she has 'been repeatedly telling the police from the beginning that PJ Kurien raped me in the Kumli Guest House' - 11 February: The lone convict in the Suryanelli rape case 1996 reports that congress leader PJ Kurien (who has been exonerated by India's Supreme Court) was involved in it as claimed by the victim, telling journalists that he was pressured by the Kerala Police not to testify against the Congressman, and that the principal investigator had pressured him not to mention about Kurien's involvement, recalling that Kurien was spared the identification parade and confessing that in 1996 he drove Kurien to the Kumli guest-house where the gang-rape survivor says she was assaulted by Kurien
14 February 2013: 14 February: Delhi leads day of 'One Billion Rising' for women
18 February 2013 and Suryanelli rape case 1996: 18 February 2013: Painted Congress MP K Sudhakaran calls Suryanelli rape survivor a prostitute
21/24 February 2013 and Maharashtra child rape and murder case: 21 February 2013: In Maharashtra's Bhandara temper is rising among residents after police failed to make any arrest seven days after three minor sisters were brutally raped, murdered and thrown into a well - 24 February: School children hold silent protests over Bhandara rapes
25/26 February 2013: 25 February: Delhi woman harassed, shot and killed at bus stand, opposite police post - 26 February: BJP teams with Left against PJ Kurien chairing Rajya Sabha
2/3 March 2013: 2 March: Angry crowd gathers outside hospital in Delhi where seven-year-old girl being treated after reports that the girl was raped at a state-run school - 3 March: Five employees of MCD school suspended
4 March 2013: 4 March 2013: The Kerala High Court adjourned the hearing of the bail of the 17 accused in the Suryanelli gang-rape case to March 15
7 March 2013: 7 March 2013: Cried for help for two hours, says Delhi student who was gang-raped after taking an auto-rickshaw - 7 March 2013: A man in Kerala has confessed to having raped a three-year-old girl, who is in the intensive care unit of a hospital in Kozhikode
8 March 2013 and Suryanelli rape case 1996: 8 March: The family of the Suryanelli rape victim has alleged that the church where they pray has asked them to stay away
17 March 2013: 17 March 2013: After Swiss tourist gang-raped and her husband assaulted in central state of Madhya Pradesh, the Swiss embassy calls for swift investigation and furios Indian protesters in Bhopal condemn the deep-sleep of chief and interior minister
27 March 2013 and Suryanelli rape case 1996: 27 March: In a setback for PJ Kurien, a Sessions Court in Kerala ordered issue of notice to him on a criminal revision petition filed by the Suryanelli rape victim
April 2013: 18 April: Responding to a distraught couple whose six-year-old daughter had been raped and murdered, the police in Aligarh in Uttar Pradesh manhandled the mother and protesters and dragged the mother on the ground - 19 April: Campaigners in east Delhi have marched to the hospital where a five-year-old girl is in a critical condition following a rape - 20 April: Outrage over police inaction in Delhi child rape case - 21 April: Delhi protests continue over brutal child rape case, as doctors say the victim is in stable condition
July 2013: 12 July: College student allegedly raped, set on fire in Uttar Pradesh - 19 July: Woman, who was raped and set on fire in Etawah in UP, dies in hospital
August 2013: 23 août: Un viol collectif d'une femme photographe semblable à l'affaire de décembre 2012 - 24 August: A policewoman from Jharkhand gang-raped when she was returning with the body of her brother-in-law, a cop who was killed in a recent Naxal attack
September 2013: 1 September 2013: Outrage in India over first Delhi gang-rape sentence, allowing rapist - without calibrating his age to the nature of the crime - to walk free after 27 months in a juvenile detention centre
December 2013: 16 December: Year after Delhi gang-rape, rural women await justice - 29 December: India on Sunday marks 12 months since the death of Jyoti Singh on December 29 last year, nearly two weeks after an attack that sparked nationwide protests
January 2014: 23 January: A young woman tied to tree, gang-raped on orders of village council in Birbhum district
May 2014 Uttar Pradesh gang rape: 2014 Uttar Pradesh gang rape - 29 May 2014: After two Indian teenage sisters 'gang-raped' and killed, hundreds of villagers in Katra in Uttar Pradesh spent the rest of the day in silent protest over police inaction in the case
1 June 2014: Three detained suspects confess to gang rape and killing of girls - 1 June 2014: Sohan Lal says he wants justice, not money, after government of Uttar Pradesh offered him £5,000 following death of his daughters - 2 June 2014: Indian police fired water cannon at several hundred protesters demanding an end to violence against women outside the office of the chief minister of Uttar Pradesh - 3 June 2014: Indian gang-rape girl's family say associates of accused have threatened mob attacks on family
June 2014: 12 June: Possible rape victim found hanging from tree in Indian village amid string of brutal sexual assaults and as the government dismisses criticism from the UN - 12 June: Indian police in Uttar Pradesh reportedly gang-rape woman, seeking her husband's release, after she fails to pay bribe
2015: 2 January 2015: Number of rapes in Delhi up by a third in a year, 2,069 rape cases had been reported in the past 12 months in the Indian capital - 8 August 2015: After five women were killed in Kanjia in rural Jharkhand by villagers who purported they were witches, 50 villagers were arrested but reportedly 'the entire village was involved in the crime'
December 2015: 20 December 2015: Despite protests and condemnation from the victim’s parents, a convict in the gang-rape and murder of 23-year-old student Jyoti Singh - named 'Daughter of India' by Indian media in 2012 - on a bus in Delhi in December 2012 has been released from a youth correctional facility, has been given a new identity, and will receive help and training to become a tailor, after India's supreme court rejected an appeal against his release on Monday
2015/2016: 1 September 2016: Recent data released by the National Crime Records Bureau show that number of reported 'crimes against women' fell from 3,37,922 to 3,27,394, the number of rape cases fell by 5.7% compared to 2014
2016/2017: 3 January 2017: New Year’s Eve celebrations in Bangalore, which has become an IT hub, turned into a disaster as thousands of women were groped and sexually assaulted by mobsters and hooligans and as the police protection did not serve its purpose
2017: 2 July 2017: 35-year-old mother in Uttar Pradesh who survived an alleged gang-rape and four separate acid attacks since 2008 has again had corrosive liquid poured over her at a women’s hostel despite police protection - 25 August 2017: After India’s 'Dera Sacha Sauda' religious sect's guru Ram Rahim Singh was convicted of raping two followers, at least 28 people were killed and 250 injured as violence of his followers erupted across Haryana and Punjab states
November 2017: 9 November 2017: Indian women still unprotected five years after gang-rape that rocked nation, as women still routinely harassed by police or bullied into silence, according to HRW research
April/May 2018: 11 April 2018: An Indian man who was arrested after accusing a ruling party official of raping his teenage daughter has died in police custody, prompting outrage and calls for an independent investigation, as his daughter had gone to Lucknow, doused herself in kerosene and tried to self-immolate in protest against the alleged unwillingness of police to pursue her allegations - 5 May 2018: Indian police arrest 14 after teenage girl raped and burned to death - 7 May 2018: In the same eastern state of Jharkhand, a 17-year-old battled for her life Monday after being raped, doused in kerosene and set on fire, the second such case to shake India as it battles an increase in sexual crimes
June 2018: 28 June 2018: India is the world’s most dangerous country for women due to the high risk of sexual violence and being forced into slave labour, according to a Thomson Reuters Foundation survey of 548 experts, ranking Afghanistan and Syria second and third, followed by Somalia and Saudi Arabia and the the USA the only western nation in the top 10
October 2018: 8 October 2018: 36 Indian schoolgirls have been treated in hospital after they were attacked by a large crowd of teenage boys and their parents with bamboo sticks and iron rods, when the girls complained of sexual harassment, 6 boys and one woman were arrested after the attack at the girls’ boarding school in Triveniganj in Bihar state
27 November 2019 Hyderabad gang rape: 27 November 2019 Hyderabad gang rape, the rape and murder of a 26-year-old veterinary doctor from Shamshabad in Hyderabad, whose partially burnt dead body was found under Chatanpalli bridge in Shadnagar
December 2019 protests in India after woman gang raped, burned to death: 1 December 2019: Protests in India after woman gang raped, burned to death, and four men arrested over murder of veterinary doctor, which has left country in shock
6 December 2019 all four accused in Hyderabad rape-murder case killed in police 'encounter’: 6 December 2019: In sudden turn of events, all four accused in Hyderabad vet rape-murder case killed in police 'encounter’
14 September 2020 Hathras gang rape and murder of dalit girl by 4 upper-caste men and aftermath: 14 September 2020 Hathras gang rape and murder, as a dalit girl was gang-raped by four upper-caste men in Hathras district in Uttar Pradesh, as, after fighting for her life for two weeks, she died in a Delhi hospital, as the victim's brother claimed that no arrests were made in the first 10 days after the incident took place, and as, after her death, the victim was forcibly cremated by the police without the consent of her family - 1 October 2020: Hathras horror, as victim's family gives account
3 October 2020 police officers suspended over gang rape case and protests: 3 octobre 2020: Plusieurs agents de police qui auraient tenté d’étouffer le cas du viol collectif d’une jeune Indienne de 19 ans ont été suspendus, et l’indignation suscitée par cette affaire a provoqué d’importantes manifestations dans le pays
22 July 2023 video of women attacked in Manipur breaks silence on systematic gang rapes in India, now even Modi's: 22 July 2023: Video of women attacked in Manipur breaks silence on systematic gang rapes in India. Indians were shocked when social media exposed a mob abusing minority Kuki women. But similar incidents have been happening with impunity for months. Now - breaking his long silence on the conflict that has been raging in Manipur for months - also India's PM Modi declared that 'what happened to the daughters of Manipur can never be forgiven' and that 'the entire country has been shamed' by the attack.
Manipur protests and death of journalist Nanao Singh December 2012: 23 December 2012: The journalist Nanao Singh (Prime News) was killed in police firing on the second day of the indefinite strike in Manipur called by a film body demanding the arrest of a Naga militant for allegedly molesting a film actress - 24 December: Media organizations (Manipur Hill Journalists Union, Indian Journalists Union, Electronic Media Forum Assam) condemn the brutal killing of journalist Thangjam Dwijamani Singh alias Nanao on December 23 during the police firing - 24 December: The National Union of Journalists and Journalists Association of Assam strongly condemn the police brutality - 25 December: Also the Journalist Federation of Assam condemns the killing of Nanao Singh and urges the Manipur government to probe the death - 12 January 2013: The National Human Rights Commission seeks an independent investigation report on the killing of the journalist Nanao Singh
26 December 2012: The number of deaths of journalists worldwide raise to 132 in 2012 as journalist Nanao Singh was shot dead by police amid anti-rape protests in India


Society, demographics, culture, social and ethnic groups and human rights in India: Indian society
States and union territories of India: States and union territories of India - Administrative divisions of India - List of states and union territories of India by population - Lists of cities in India by state and by population - List of states and territories of India by area - Economy of India by state or territory - Companies of India by state or territory - List of Indian states by GDP - Indian states ranked by unemployment - Indian states and territories ranked by poverty (percentage of people below poverty line) - Indian states ranked by school enrollment rate
Districts in India: Districts in India - Tehsils of India
Cities and towns in India: List of cities and towns in India by population - List of most populous cities in India - List of million-plus urban agglomerations in India - List of industrial centres in India
State legislatures of India: State legislatures of India
Andhra Pradesh, Geography, Demographics, History, Economy - Andhra Pradesh Legislature - Andhra Pradesh state assembly elections 2009 - Telangana movement - 30 July 2013: Recommended formation of Telangana
Arunachal Pradesh state, Geography, Demographics, History, Economy - Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election 2009 - Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election 2014
Assam state, Geography, Demographics, History, Economy - Assam legislative assembly election 2011
February 2018 plan to evict mostly Muslim migrants: 26 February 2018: Plan to evict mostly Muslim migrants from Assam state creating panic among those who could be left without citizenship rights
August 2019 state on alert ahead of publication of citizenship register: 30 August 2019: Millions of people in north-eastern India could lose their citizenship on Saturday in what could become the biggest exercise in forced statelessness in living memory - 30 August 2019: Tens of thousands of paramilitary personnel and police were deployed in India’s border state of Assam on Friday, the eve of the publication of a citizenship register that could leave millions of people stateless, many of them Muslims - 31 August 2019: Security was heightened in of Assam, as millions of people waited for the final release of the National Register of Citizens, a major bureaucratic exercise that rights groups warn could create a humanitarian crisis
May 2022 Assam floods and crisis: 20 May 2022: Amid floods authorities in Assam airdropped food, shut down schools and braced for more rain, even as Tripura said it was planning to source fuel and essential items from Chittagong port in Bangladesh as roads and communication continued to be disrupted across the northeast
21 June 2022 in Assam state floods destroy millions of homes21 June 2022: In the north-eastern Indian state of Assam floods destroy millions of homes and dreams, as unprecedented rainfall and flooding has left behind a trail of destruction in Assam, submerging villages, destroying crops, and wrecking home as authorities say that 32 of its 35 districts have been affected, killing at least 45 people and displacing more than 4.7 million over the last week. Heavy rains have also lashed neighbouring Meghalaya state, where 18 people have died over the last week. - 21 June 2022: Floods in Assam submerge entire villages, the 'Guardian' reports, saying in 2022 the situation is dramatically worse than in previous years
Bihar state, Geography, Demographics, History, Economy - Bihar Legislative Assembly - 2010 Bihar Legislative Assembly election - October/November 2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election - 9 November 2015: Bihar Election Commission final tally gives Grand Alliance 178 seats, NDA 58 (JDU 71 seats, RJD 80, Congress 27, BJP 53)
Chhattisgarh state, Geography , Demographics , History , Economy - November 2013 Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly - 9 December 2013: Assembly election results - BJP wins
Goa state, Geography, Demographics, History, Economy - 2012 Goa legislative assembly election
Gujarat state
Demographics, History, Economy o Gujarat state
2012 Gujarat legislative assembly election: 2012 Gujarat legislative assembly election - BJP 115 seats
Geography of Gujarat state: Geography of Gujarat state
Machchhu river: Machchhu river in the western India in Gujarat whose origin is Madla hills. Its basin has a maximum length of 130km. The total catchment area of the basin is 2,515 km2.
31 October 2022 Machchhu river footbridge collapse, killing dozens as Indian police arrest 9 people: 30 October 2022 Jhulto Pul pedestrian suspension bridge over the Machchhu River in the city of Morbi collapsed, leading to the deaths of at least 141 people. Tourists and sightseers were celebrating Diwali as well as the Gujarati New Year, which fell this year on 26 October. The 19th-century bridge had reopened four days earlier, following a lengthy closure for repairs. - 31 October 2022: Indian police have arrested 9 people, including ticketing clerks and contractors, as part of their investigation into the collapse of a footbridge in which dozens of people, including many children, were killed. CCTV footage from just before the collapse showed a group of young men taking photos while others tried to rock the suspension bridge in Morbi from side to side, before they tumbled into the river below as the cables gave way.
Haryana state, Geography, Demographics, History, Economy - Haryana Legislative Assembly election October 2014 - 19/20 October 2014: BJP wins in Haryana and Maharashtra
Himachal Pradesh state, Geography, Demographics, History, Economy - 2012 Himachal Pradesh legislative assembly election - Congress 36 seats
Jammu and Kashmir, Geography, Demographics, History, Economy - 2013 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly - 25 November to 20 December 2014 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election - 3 December 2014: Indian forces kill 6 militants crossing into Kashmir to disrupt vote - 25 December 2014: Losses for Congress in Legislative Assembly election
31 October 2019 Jammu and Kashmir’s constitutional autonomy revoked: 31 October 2019: Hindu nationalist Modi regime has formally revoked the disputed state of Jammu and Kashmir’s constitutional autonomy and split it into two federal territories in an attempt to integrate it fully into India
Jharkhand state, Geography, Demographics, History, Economy - Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election 2008 - November/December 2014 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election
6 July 2023 10 men jailed in India over torture and lynching of Muslim man: 6 July 2023: An Indian court has sentenced 10 men to 10 years each in jail for the lynching of a Muslim man, who died after being tortured and forced to chant Hindu slogans. Tabrez Ansari was tied to a pole and tortured for 12 hours in 2019, as he cried and pleaded with a mob that accused him of burglary in the eastern state of Jharkhand.
Karnataka state, Geography, Demographics, History, Economy
May 2013 Karnataka Legislative Assembly elections: May 2013 Karnataka Legislative Assembly - 20 March 2013: Karnataka Assembly polls on May 5, counting on May 8 - 8 May: Karnataka election results live - Congress set to form government; JD pushes BJP to number 3
23 July 2013 Karnataka spends Rs. 5 crore on luxury SUVs for each of its 30 ministers: 23 July 2013: Karnataka spends Rs. 5 crore on luxury SUVs for each of its 30 ministers, though practically new cars allotted to ministers in the previous BJP government are lying unused
September 2022 Karnataka, Bengaluru city floods: 6 September 2022: India’s tech hub Bengaluru city - with about 8.5 million inhabitants in Karnataka state - flooded after days of torrential rains. Many parts of the southern city are under water for a second day, bringing traffic chaos, power cuts and flooded properties. - 6 September 2022: As several parts of Bengaluru remained waterlogged Tuesday, Chief Minister Bommai explained that 'Karnataka, especially Bengaluru has not received unprecedented heavy rain... for the last 90 years such rain has not been recorded', 'indianexpress' reports with live updates.
13 May 2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly elections: 10 May 2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election, won by Indian National Congress with 42.96% of the vote - 13 May 2023: India’s opposition Congress party has swept the Karnataka state elections, dealing a blow to Narendra Modi’s ruling party, who will seek third term in power at next year’s general election
Kerala state, Geography, Demographics, Economy of Kerala - Legislature and politics of Kerala state
History of Kerala state: History of Kerala state
2011 Kerala Legislative Assembly election: Kerala Legislative Assembly election 2011
April 2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election, LDF retained power: 6 April 2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election, as the incumbent LDF retained power with 99 seats, 8 more than in the previous election
February 2022 India student the face of resistance against Hindu nationalist groups: 10 February 2022: India woman Muskaan Khan has become the face of resistance for young Indian Muslim women amid an escalating row over headscarves, as in a video the student can be seen entering her college as a mob of men approach her, wearing saffron shawls associated with Hinduism and Hindu nationalist groups and shouting 'victory to Lord Ram'
Madhya Pradesh state, Geography, Demographics, History, Economy - 2013 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly - 9 December: Assembly election results - BJP wins
Maharashtra state - Geography and Demographics of Maharashtra state
History of Maharashtra: History of Maharashtra
20 July 2023 at least 16 dead, dozens missing after landslide in western India: 20 July 2023: A landslide triggered by heavy rains at a village in India’s western Maharashtra state has killed at least 16 people, with many others feared trapped under piles of debris. India’s National Disaster Response Force gave the death toll on Thursday but said it had called off the rescue operations because of continuous rains and 'threat of further landslide' at Irshalwadi, a mountain village in Raigad.
Economy of Maharashtra: Economy of Maharashtra
Politics and elections in Maharashtra: Elections in Maharashtra - 16 February 2012 Maharashtra municipal elections - Brihanmumbai Mahanagar Palika election 16 February 2012 - Maharashtra state assembly elections 2009 - 1 March 2013: In 'fake protest', Raj Thackeray's men (MNS) bought car just to set it on fire in Mumbai, committing a dangerous crime - 4 March 2013: At a school in Western Maharashtra, north Indians trying to get their children admitted to a local school were assaulted by Raj Thackeray's party workers - Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election October 2014 - 19/20 October 2014: BJP wins in Haryana and Maharashtra
Cities in Maharashtra: Cities in Maharashtra
Mumbai city: Mumbai city, the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra, as in 2018 Mumbai is the most populous city in the country and the seventh-most populous city in the world with a population of roughly 20 million
Economy of Mumbai: Economy of Mumbai, as the city is the entertainment, fashion and commercial centre of India, the largest economy, as Mumbai's Nominal GDP is $290bn, PPP is $368bn, therefore the wealthiest Indian city with a net wealth of $1.950 trillion with 46000 millionaires and 56 billionaires, as Mumbai accounts for slightly more than 6.16% of India's economy, contributing 10% of factory employment, 30% of income tax collections, 60% of customs duty collections, 20% of central excise tax collections, 40% of foreign trade and rupees 80,000 crore (US$20 billion) in corporate taxes to the Indian economy - Economy of Mumbai, category - Companies based in Mumbai
History and timeline of Mumbai: History and timeline of Mumbai
Timeline of Mumbai since independence from the British empire:
Timeline of Mumbai during the 21st century: Timeline of Mumbai during the 21st century
24 August 2020 at least 90 people feared trapped in the debris of a five-storey building: 24 August 2020: At least 90 people are feared trapped in the debris of a five-storey building that collapsed to the south of India’s financial capital of Mumbai amid Monsoon rain, according to police in Maharashtra state
26 March 2021 Mumbai hospital fire: 26 March 2021 Mumbai hospital fire, as a fire broke out in a covid-19 hospital in Bhandup, killing ten people, and as many patients were rescued
19 July 2021: More than 30 people have died in Mumbai after an intense burst of rainfall: 19 July 2021: More than 30 people have died in the Indian city of Mumbai after an intense burst of rainfall caused flooding and landslides, as changing monsoon patterns because of the climate crisis lead to more extreme rains across India
24 July 2021 rescuers search for survivors among mud and debris from heavy monsoon rains: 24 July 2021: Rescuers in India combed through mud and debris on Saturday in a desperate search for survivors as the death toll from heavy monsoon rains climbed to 115, with nearly 90,000 people evacuated, after torrential downpours have lashed India’s western coast in recent days, leaving dozens missing near the financial capital of Mumbai and causing the worst floods in decades in the resort state of Goa
6 February 2022 Lata Mangeshkar, known for songs in 36 languages, died after contracting covid-19: 6 February 2022: India's government announced a 2-day national mourning from 6-7 February throughout India in respect of Lata Mangeshkar, known for songs in a total of 36 languages, who died on 6 February 2022 after contracting covid-19 and undergoing 28 days of treatment
Pune city: Pune city, the seventh most populous city in India and the second-largest city in the state of Maharashtra, with an estimated population of 7.4 million citizens in 2020
History and timeline of Pune city: History and timeline of Pune city, as its history is closely related to the rise of the Maratha empire from the 17th–18th century. During the 18th century, Pune became the political centre of the Indian subcontinent, until after the fall of Peshwa rule in 1818, the British East India Company made the city one of their major military bases. Prior to the British takeover, the city was confined to the eastern bank of the Mutha river. Since then, the city has grown on both sides of the river. In the 19th and early 20th century, Pune was considered by the British as the center of political unrest against their rule.
1947–present post-Independence timeline of Pune city: 1947–present post-Independence history and timeline of Pune city, seeing Pune emerging as a major manufacturing center, also seeing further growth in the higher education sector in the city. The Panshet flood of 1961 resulted in a huge loss of housing on the river bank and spurred the growth of new suburbs. In the 1990s, the city emerged as a major information technology hub.
18 July 2022 Indian Reena Varma in Pakistan, as peace depends on 'people-to-people contact': 18 July 2022: Indian Reena Varma to visit Pakistan home for the first time since 1947 - speaking during a stop in Lahore - and the only one from her family to make it back to their Rawalpindi home since they were forced to leave 75 years ago to the western Indian state of Pune, as about 15 million Muslims, Hindus and Sikhs, fearing discrimination, swapped countries in a political upheaval that cost more than a million lives. Varma is being hosted by India Pakistan Heritage Club's saying in 2022 'India and Pakistan are two separate countries but we can bring peace between them through love and people-to-people contact'.
Natural disasters in Maharashtra: Natural disasters in Maharashtra
19 July 2021 over 30 people died in Mumbai as changing monsoon patterns due to climate change lead to more extreme rains across India: 19 July 2021: More than 30 people have died in the Indian city of Mumbai after an intense burst of rainfall caused a landslide and wall collapse, as changing monsoon patterns due to climate change lead to more extreme rains across India, as heavy rainfall, described by meteorologists as 'monstrous', hammered down on India’s financial capital over the weekend causing mass devastation
23 July 2021 at least 110 people killed in landslides and flooding in the western Indian state of Maharashtra: 23 July 2021: At least 110 people have been killed in landslides and flooding triggered by heavy rains in the western Indian state of Maharashtra, as rains overwhelmed hundreds of villages, sweeping away houses and leaving residents stranded, and as rescue crews have been racing to evacuate survivors but many people are feared missing
3 May 2022 extreme heat kills at least 25 people in India’s Maharashtra state: 2022 ongoing Indian heat wave has led to the hottest March in India since 1901 - 3 May 2022: Extreme heat kills at least 25 people in India’s Maharashtra state, as health official says the deaths were from ‘suspected heat stroke’, with many reported in rural areas, and as scientists have linked the early onset of an intense summer to climate change, and say more than a billion people in India and neighbouring Pakistan were in some way vulnerable to the extreme heat
Manipur state - 2012 Manipur Legislative Assembly
2 July 2022 death toll in Manipur landslide in northeast India hits 26: 2 July 2022: Death toll in Manipur landslide in northeast India hits 26, as little hope of finding survivors among 37 people still missing since Wednesday night as more rain and falling boulders hamper rescue
Meghalaya state - Meghalaya Legislative Assembly - 23 February 2013 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election
Mizoram state - 25 November 2013 Mizoram Legislative Assembly election
Nagaland state - Nagaland Legislative Assembly
February 2013 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election: 23 February 2013 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election - 28 February 2013: The Nagaland Peoples' Front ahead in the counting of ballots for the 60-member Nagaland assembly
5 December 2021 Nagaland rioting as Indian security forces shoot dozen civilians: 5 December 2021: Nagaland rioting as Indian security forces shoot dozen civilians, and as villagers burn army vehicles after coalminers were mistaken for insurgents, with Indian home minister promising full investigation
Odisha state, Geography, Demographics, History, Economy - Odisha Legislative Assembly election 2009 - April 2014 Odisha Legislative Assembly election
Balasore city: Balasore city in the state of Odisha, about 194km north of the state capital Bhubaneswar and 300km from Kolkata, in eastern India. It is the largest town of northern Odisha and the administrative headquarters of Balasore district. It is best known for Chandipur beach, and also called 'missile city', because the 'Indian Ballistic Missile Defence Programme's Integrated Test Range' is located 18km south of Balasore.
2/3 June 2023 train collision near the city of Balasore: 2 June 2023 train collision in the Indian state of Odisha near the city of Balasore. This involved three trains, incl. the passenger trains 12841 Coromandel Express and 12864 SMVT Bengaluru–Howrah SF Express, as well as a goods train. As of 3 June 2023, at least 288 people were killed and around 900 were injured in the incident, with many in critical condition.
3 June 2023 passengers and bystanders tell of India train crash horror: 3 June 2023: Passengers and bystanders tell of India train crash horror, as the carriages from three trains sat piled high in an entangled wreck. Some lay sideways, others had been thrown so high into the air on impact that they had fallen back to earth twisted and upside down. A line of dozens of bodies covered in white sheets were laid out next to the wreckage waiting for vehicles – ambulances, local cars, even tractors – to take them away to local hospitals, while more bodies were piled up in a nearby school.
5 June 2023 India's deadly train crash renews questions over safety and government responsibility: 5 June 2023: Railways minister Vaishnaw and authorities have asked the Central Bureau of Investigation to probe Friday’s crash, after PM Modi, who swept to power in 2014 on a promise of future greatness, including upgrading the country’s transport system as a key priority, decaying infrastructure is often cited as a cause for traffic delays and numerous train accidents in India. More than 16,000 people were killed in nearly 18,000 railway accidents across the country in 2021, as now in June 2023 at least 275 people were killed and over 1,000 injured in as three-way crash in Odisha. Many of the travelers were migrant workers, en route to Chennai, an urban metropolis in the southernmost Indian state of Tamil Nadu, where jobs are more freely available.
Punjab geopolitical, cultural, and historical region in South Asia: Punjab geopolitical, cultural, and historical region in South Asia, specifically in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, on the Indus Plain comprising areas of eastern Pakistan and northwestern India. Punjab's major cities are Lahore, Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Gujranwala, Multan, Ludhiana, Amritsar, Sialkot, Chandigarh, Shimla, Jalandhar, Gurugram, and Bahawalpur.
Punjab state in northern India: Punjab state in northern India, forming part of the larger Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent and bordered by the Indian states of Himachal Pradesh to the north and northeast, Haryana to the south and southeast, and Rajasthan to the southwest, and by the Indian union territories of Chandigarh to the east and Jammu and Kashmir to the north. It shares an international border with Punjab, a province of Pakistan to the west.
History and economy of Punjab: History, Economy
2012 Punjab legislative elections: 2012 Punjab Legislative Assembly
2017 Punjab legislative elections: 2017 Punjab legislative elections
2022 Punjab legislative elections: 2022 Punjab legislative elections, as the results will be declared on 10 March 2022
2022 Punjab legislative elections: 20/02/2022 Farmer anger will test PM Modi as voting ends in India’s Punjab, and as voters in the northern Indian state have gone to the polls in state assembly elections seen as a test for Modi’s BJP party after sucessful, more than year-long farmers' protest and ahead of general elections in 2024
Rajasthan state, Geography, Demographics, History, Economy - 2013 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly - 9 December 2013: Assembly election results - BJP wins
Sikkim state - Sikkim Legislative Assembly election 2009 - April 2014 Sikkim Legislative Assembly election
Tamil Nadu state, Geography, Demographics, History, Economy
Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election April 2011: Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election April 2011 - J. Jayalalitha was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu for the third time 16 May 2011
27 September 2014 Chief Minister Jayalalithaa Jayaram resigned: 27 September 2014: Chief Minister Jayalalithaa Jayaram resigned, after she was convicted for misusing her office during her tenure of 1991-96 to amass properties worth 66.65 crores
November 2021 at least 14 people died in Tamil Nadu as heavy rains triggered severe flooding: 12 November 2021: As at least 14 people have died in rain-related incidents in Tamil Nadu over the past few days as heavy rains triggered severe flooding, as India policewoman hailed for saving man's life responding to a distress call at a water-logged cemetery in flood-hit Chennai city, lifting him on her shoulders and taking him to a vehicle that took him to a hospital
Telangana state, Geography, Demographics, History, Economy - 18 February 2014: Lok Sabha passes resolution for creation of state of Telangana - 19 February: Kiran Reddy resigns as Andhra Pradesh CM and quits Congress
Tripura state - 14 February 2013 Tripura Legislative Assembly election - 28 February 2013: Left Front heads for landslide victory in Tripura's assembly polls
May 2022 Tripura and Assam floods, crisis: 20 May 2022: Amid floods authorities in Assam airdropped food, shut down schools and braced for more rain, even as Tripura said it was planning to source fuel and essential items from Chittagong port in Bangladesh as roads and communication continued to be disrupted across the northeast
Uttarakhand state, Geography, Demographics, and history of Uttarakhand - 2013 elections in Uttarakhand
Economy of Uttarakhand
February 2021 Chamoli disaster and Uttarakhand flood: February 2021 Uttarakhand flood in the environs of the Nanda Devi National Park in the outer Garhwal Himalayas in Uttarakhand state, believed to have been caused by a landslide, an avalanche or a glacial lake outburst flood, causing flooding in the Chamoli district, most notably in the Rishiganga river, the Dhauliganga river, and in turn the Alaknanda, the major headstream of the Ganges - 10 June 2021: A massive rock and ice avalanche caused the 2021 disaster at Chamoli, Indian Himalaya, causing widespread devastation and severely damaging two hydropower projects, as over 200 people were killed or are missing - 13 June 2021: Nature's power is all too frequently underestimated, with catastrophic consequences, and so it was with the Chamoli disaster back in February, when the flank of a Himalayan mountain failed and fell into the valley below, setting in train a deadly cascade of debris that also destroyed hydro-electric infrastructure worth hundreds of millions of dollars
November 2023 41 Indian workers trapped in collapsed Uttarakhand tunnel for over a week: November 2023: First images of Indian workers in collapsed Uttarakhand tunnel have emerged of the 41 men trapped for more than a week in a highway tunnel in the Indian Himalayas, showing them standing in the confined space and communicating with rescue workers, not saying what caused the cave-in but the region is prone to landslides, earthquakes and floods and efforts to bring out the 41 men have been slowed by difficulties in drilling through the debris in the mountainous terrain
Uttar Pradesh state, Geography, Demographics, History, Economy
2012 Uttar Pradesh legislative assembly electio: 2012 Uttar Pradesh legislative assembly election, 8 February – 3 March - 6 March 2012: Assembly polls - election results - 6 March 2012: India's ruling Congress loses in state polls, the Samajwadi Party wins a clear victory and majority in the new state assembly of Uttar Pradesh - 10 March 2012: Samajwadi Party selects Akhilesh Yadav as new Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh
2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election: 11 February – 8 March 2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election - 19 March 2017: BJP announced after a party meeting that Yogi Adityanath, who praised Donald Trump’s travel ban, was its unanimous choice for chief minister, a firebrand Hindu priest with incendiary rhetoric about Indian minorities, particularly Muslims, who make up one-fifth of Uttar Pradesh’s 220 million residents
September 2019 flooding in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh: 30 September 2019: More than 100 people have died in flooding in the Indian states of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, where vast areas have been inundated and delayed rains overwhelm inadequate drainage systems
February/March 2022 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election: 10 February – 7 March 2022 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election
10 February 2022 Uttar Pradesh voting, live updates: 10 February 2022: Uttar Pradesh - India’s most populous state - has begun voting in the first of a series of local elections that will be a test of the popularity of PM Narendra Modi and his still ruling party, 'The Guardian' reports, as 'The Indian Express' reports live
24 September 2022 across Uttar Pradesh at least 24 people died after their homes collapsed amid unrelenting rains: 24 September 2022: Hazardous weather has killed at least 36 people in northern India over the past 24 hours, including 12 who were struck by lightning, as across the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, at least 24 people died after their homes collapsed amid unrelenting rains, and as authorities say climate breakdown is driving surge in deadly monsoon season weather events
West Bengal state, Geography, Demographics, History, Economy - 2011 West Bengal state assembly election - 2013 West Bengal Panchayat Polls - 21 July 2013: Bombs, bullets, arson mark West Bengal panchayat polls
27 March – 29 April 2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election: 27 March – 29 April 2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election - Parties and alliances of 2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election
Delhi National Capital Territory - Geography of Delhi - Demographics of Delhi - History of Delhi
Economy of Delhi - Companies based in Delhi - 2014 Delhi Budget
Neighbourhoods of Delhi - Slums in Delhi
September 2018 Delhi slums struggle to recover from frequent fires: 5 September 2018: Delhi slums struggle to recover from frequent fires
Timeline of Delhi: Timeline of Delhi and Delhi Legislative Assembly elections
Legislative Assembly of the National Capital Territory of Delhi
1803/1804 Battle of Delhi resulting in British victory: 11 September 1803 Battle of Delhi during the 1803-1805 Second Anglo-Maratha War in Central India between British troops and Marathas of Scindia's army, resulting in British victory - October 1804 Siege of Delhi
June-September 1857 Siege of Delhi resulting in British victory: June-September 1857 Siege of Delhi, one of the decisive conflicts of the Indian rebellion of 1857, resulting in British victory
1947-1950 New Delhi capital of the Dominion of India: 1947-1950 Dominion of India with capital New Delhi
Since 26 January 1950 history of the Republic of India: Since 26 January 1950 history of the Republic of India
Since 1999 National Capital Territory of Delhi: Since 1999 National Capital Territory of Delhi
December 2013 Delhi Legislative Assembly election: 4 December 2013 Delhi Legislative Assembly election - 8 December 2013: Spectacular Aam Aadmi Party's impact on Delhi elections - 8 December 2013: Arvind Kejriwal, who is a former tax inspector with a record of campaigning for transparency in India's notoriously dirty politics, and his Aam Aadmi anti-corruption party made a stunning breakthrough in New Delhi's state election - 9 December: Delhi assembly gets only three women members, all belong to Aam Aadmi Party - 23 December: Arvind Kejriwal to be Delhi Chief Minister, swearing in at Ramlila Maidan - 28 December: Arvind Kejriwal takes oath as Delhi Chief Minister, an estimated 40,000 supporters present
January/February 2014 Kejriwal resigns as Chief Minister after anti-corruption Jan Lokpal Bill blocked by MLAs of the BJP and the Congress: 10 January 2014: Anti-corruption hotline launched by Delhi's new graft-busting government overwhelmed by calls - 20 January: Arvind Kejriwal justifies a raid by his Law Minister Bharti, citing a letter from the Ugandan High Commission, but is prevented from staging a protest at the home minister's office against police refusal to crack down on a drug and prostitution ring - 20/21 January 2014 Aam Aadmi Party's Delhi protest - 21 January: Kejriwal calls off sit-in in Delhi - 24 January: Delhi police suspends three officers after a video, posted by Aam Aadmi party, showed them beating a man with sticks and taking money from his wallet - 14/15 February 2014: Kejriwal resigns as Chief Minister after his anti-corruption Jan Lokpal Bill was blocked by MLAs of the BJP and the Congress in the Delhi Assembly, ahead of the Lok Sabha elections
February 2015 Delhi Legislative Assembly election and December CBI raid of Kejriwal's office: 7 February 2015 Delhi Legislative Assembly election - 8 February 2015: Aam Aadmi Party's Kejriwal thanks Delhi voters for rejecting politics of caste and of religion - 11 Eebruary: After AAP won 67 seats in Delhi assembly, AAP's Arvind Kejriwal will take oath as the Delhi CM on February 14, starting to tackle issues of corruption, prices, power, water, education, transport and women's safety - 15 December 2015: PM Narendra Modi a 'coward, psychopath,' says Arvind Kejriwal after Central Bureau of Investigation CBI raid of Kejriwal's office
February 2020 Delhi Legislative Assembly election: 8 February 2020 Delhi Legislative Assembly election
6 February 2020 BJP uses Delhi elections to stoke religious hatred: 6 February 2020: BJP uses Delhi elections to stoke religious hatred, as, even for a party known for its openly Hindu nationalist agenda, its campaign has been one of their most brazenly anti-Muslim
11 February 2020 Modi’s Hindu nationalist party facing a stunning defeat: 11 February 2020: Modi’s Hindu nationalist party was facing a stunning defeat by regional Aam Aadmi Party Tuesday in elections in the national capital seen as a referendum on Modi's policies such as a new national citizenship law that excludes Muslims, now left with just some seats after a campaign that played heavily on its Hindu nationalist agenda and fearmongering against the Muslim community
13 June 2021 fire has destroyed a Rohingya refugee camp in New Delhi: 13 June 2021: A massive fire has destroyed a Rohingya refugee camp in the Indian capital New Delhi, leaving hundreds of people homeless, as the blaze broke out on Saturday and quickly spread through the camp, reducing 55 ramshackle shelters to ashes in the Madanpur Khadar area
17 May 2022 India’s construction workers bear the brunt of heatwave, in Delhi with temperatures of 49°C: 17 May 2022: Thousands of Indians are reeling under a brutal heatwave that has swept through the country, as some areas of the capital Delhi have recorded temperatures of 49C, but life has become hardest for the working poor - vast swathes of people employed in the country's unorganised sector - who are struggling to cope with the soaring temperatures
20 Mai 2022 Delhi reports record 49,2°C after heatwave returned to northern India: 20 mai 2022: La capitale indienne a enregistré un record historique de 49,2°C dans une vague de chaleur exceptionnelle en Inde et au Pakistan
21 March 2024 Indian opposition claim ‘conspiracy’ as Delhi chief minister Kejriwal arrested: 21 March 2024: Delhi’s chief minister Arvind Kejriwal has been arrested in a 'corruption' case, a move condemned by his party as a 'conspiracy' by Narendra Modi’s government to target the opposition before next month’s elections. It is the first time in independent India that a sitting chief minister has been arrested. Atishi Singh, an AAP minister in the government of Delhi, called the arrest a 'conspiracy by the BJP and PM Narendra Modi', saying 'Mr Kejriwal is not just a man, he is an idea. If you think arresting one Kejriwal can finish off the idea, you are wrong'.


Demographics of India: Demographics of India - Demographics of India by state - Social groups of India
Ethnic groups in India: Ethnic groups in India - Ethnic groups in India by state or territory
Nigerians in India: Nigerians in India form one of the largest African communities living and working in cities such as New Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Bangalore, Goa and Jaipur
2017: 29 March 2017: Following a candlelight protest march for a 17-year-old who died Saturday, four Nigerian students were attacked and severely injured
Culture and languages of India: Culture of India - Languages of - India - Languages of India by state or territory - Languages of Northeast India - Lists of states of India by number of speakers of the languages - Language conflict in India - Linguistic history of India - Language education in India
Indian culture by state: Indian culture by state - Indian culture by community
Socio-economic issues in India: Socio-economic issues in India - Poverty in India - India State Hunger Index - Standard of living in India shows large disparity - Economic liberalisation in India - Corruption in India
2014: 24 July 2014: India's rich to quadruple wealth in four years and demand for luxury goods is on the rise
India State Hunger Index: India State Hunger Index
2012: 11 October 2012: India, which has shown strong economic growth, has a disappointing record on tackling the problem of hunger over the past decade, according to a report on world food production
Food Security Bill - passed in Lok sabha on 26th August 2013
Housing in India: Housing in India - List of most populous cities in India - Low income housing - List of slums in India - Homelessness in India
21 March 2013: 'Report on housing stock, amenities and assets in slums based on house listing and housing census 2011' says there are 19 cities where more than 25 per cent of households live in slums
Children in India: Children's rights in India - Street children in India
2011 hunger and malnutrition report: 2011 Hunger and Malnutrition report
2012 hunger and malnutrition report: 10 January 2012: Indian Hunger and Malnutrition report says nearly half of children under five were underweight - 4 March: UNICEF report highlights what is one of India's worst kept secrets, the state of the country's urban poor and the misery of children - 11 July: After a report showing food for children sold as feed for livestock, Maharashtra suspends anganwadi worker - 13 September: India has highest child mortality rate says UN 'Child Mortality Estimates Report 2012' - 3/10 November: Food worth crores for poor children siphoned off in Maharashtra and children's nutrition not spared from web of corruption, finds Supreme Court panel
2013 75.000 missing children in 3 years: 6 March 2013: Around 75.000 children have gone missing in the last three years in India and are still untraced, the Rajya Sabha was informed - Bihar school meal poisoning incident 16 July 2013 - 18 July: Amid angry protests, the village of Masrakh in Bihar buried 22 children near the school where a free mid-day meal was served to them allegedly contaminated with pesticides
September 2015: 13 September 2015: Outrage as parents end life after death of seven-year-old son who had dengue and was reportedly turned away by some hospitals in Delhi
September 2019 children beaten to death: 26 September 2019: Two children from India's lowest caste were beaten to death by two men after they defecated outside, in the latest case of communal violence in the country
Child labour in India: Child labour in India - 12 June 2012: India's commitment to stamping out child labour challenged by discovery of another factory employing minors - 27. Juni 2012: In Indiens Grossstädten arbeiten Millionen von Kindern als Hausangestellte - 5 July 2012: India's street children bank on the future - 21 February 2013: According to the Impulse NGO Network some 70.000 children are currently employed in Meghalaya's nightmare coal mines, with several thousand more working at coal depots, because mine owners find it cheaper to hire children and the police take bribes - 21 February 2013: The children who work in India's rat-hole coal mines
October 2020 covid-19 prompts 'enormous rise' in demand for cheap child labour in India: 13 October 2020: Covid-19 prompts 'enormous rise' in demand for cheap child labour in India
Child marriage: Child marriage in India - 11 October 2012: Observing that more than 40 per cent of the child marriages in the world occur in India UN agencies urge India to end the 'harmful practice'
Women and women's rights in India: Women in India - Women's rights in India - Sexism in India
2017: 30 May 2017: India condemned for cuts to benefits, as campaigners warn of damaging effect of scaling back a maternal payment scheme introduced to stem high death rates among infants and mothers - 22 August 2017: India court bans Islamic instant divorce in huge win for women's rights
January 2019: 2 January 2019: Two Indian women have visited a Hindu temple in Kerala after India's supreme court lifted a centuries-old ban - 4 January 2019: A third woman has entered Sabarimala temple in southern India's Kerala, as police say situation is 'normal for now’ after riots of Hindu hardliners, with some throwing stones at police and assaulting female journalists, and leaving one man dead and many injured
Women in agriculture in India: Women in agriculture in India
Violence against women, rape, eve teasing, acid throwing and domestic violence in India: Violence against women in India - Rape in India - Eve teasing - Acid throwing in South Asia and India - Domestic violence in India
July 2017: 2 July 2017: 35-year-old mother in Uttar Pradesh who survived an alleged gang-rape and four separate acid attacks since 2008 has again had corrosive liquid poured over her at a women’s hostel despite police protection
Honour killing in India: Honour killing in India
June 2007 Manoj–Babli honour killing case: June 2007 Manoj–Babli honour killing case
September 2018: 26 September 2018: Rising cases of ‘honour killings’ in India, as more than 300 cases reported in the last three years
January 2019: 11 January 2019: Teenage girl murdered and mutilated by family for eloping, say police
Discrimination against girls and female foeticide in India: Discrimination against girls in India - Female foeticide in India
May 2018: 15 May 2018: Hundreds of thousands of young girls in India die every year because of 'invisible discrimination', according to research published in the Lancet Global Health, as studies have shown that Indian girls receive less education, have poorer nutrition and get less medical attention than boys
October 2019 newborn girl buried alive: 15 October 2019: A man digging a grave in India's Uttar Pradesh found a newborn girl buried alive, police have said, in the latest case to shine a spotlight on female infanticide in the country
Dowry system in India: Dowry system in India - Dowry death in India - Dowry law in India
2013: 1 September 2013: One woman dies every hour due to dowry-related problems on an average in India, which has seen a steady rise in such cases between 2007 and 2011, according to official data
Education in India: Education in India - History of education in the Indian subcontinent - Culture of India - Languages of India
Schools in India: Schools in India - Lists of schools in India - List of schools in India by state - Lists of schools in India by state or union territory - Schools in India by type
2012 inquiry for 'humiliating' poor children: 18 July 2012: India school faces inquiry for 'humiliating' poor children - 9 January 2013: New Delhi school is unique in trying to teach underprivileged as millions of children have no access
January 2013 decline in education standards across India: 18 January 2013: A nationwide survey on status of education in rural India has revealed that there has been a decline in the education standards across the country
Higher education in India: Higher education in India - List of institutions of higher education in India and by states and union territories - Gender inequality in India, refers to health, education, economic and political inequalities between men and women in India, as various international gender inequality indices rank India differently on each of these factors
Autonomous higher education institutes in India: List of autonomous higher education institutes in India
Since 1964 Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation Programme: Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation Programme
Indian Institutes of technology: Indian Institutes of Technology
Engineering universities and colleges in India: Engineering universities and colleges in India
Central universities or union universities in India: Central universities or union universities in India, established by an Act of Parliament and are under the purview of the Department of Higher Education
Since 2014 Nalanda International University: Nalanda International University's first academic session to start from 2014
Universities in India: Universities in India and universities by state and type - Lists of universities and colleges in India - List of state universities in India by state - Women's universities and colleges in India - Women's universities and colleges in India by state or union territory - List of Islamic universities and colleges in India
February 2016 BJP's arrest of Nehru University’s student union leader Kanhaiya Kumar: 17 February 2016: The arrest of Jawaharlal Nehru University’s student union leader Kanhaiya Kumar – charged with ‘anti-nationalism’ – is the latest repressive act by the BJP in the name of ‘Hindu-ness’
February 2016 order for universities to display national flag: 18 February 2016: India’s Hindu nationalist government orders universities to display national flag amid struggle to contain protests
16 December 2019 India citizenship law protests spread across campuses 16 December 2019: India citizenship law protests spread across campuses, as anger with Modi’s government was fueled by reports of police brutality at Jamia Millia Islamia university in Delhi, wounding at least 100 people
17 December 2019 student protests across India: 17 December 2019: Student protests that turned into violent clashes with police galvanized opposition nationwide to a new law that provides a path to citizenship for non-Muslim migrants, as police fired tear gas in the Seelampur area of New Delhi to push back protesters who swarmed to barricades and threw stones, and as protests were also reported in the states of West Bengal, Kerala, Karnataka and elsewhere
January 2020 students and some faculty of the Jawaharlal Nehru University blame Modi's BJP over violence: 6 January 2020: Students and some faculty of the Jawaharlal Nehru University have blamed violence, that injured at least 30 people, on a students' union tied to Modi's BJP that has increasingly picked on the institution, as students put out pictures of mobs entering university residential halls, their faces covered with cloth, carrying sticks and even sledgehammers, and some shouting slogans, threatening death for traitors, and as students Reuters spoke to said police watched as the mob rampaged inside the campus
Health in India: Health in India
Women's and children's health in India: Women's health in India
Gender discrimination in India: Gender discrimination in India - Female foeticide in India
Malnutrition in India: Malnutrition in India
Medical outbreaks and health disasters in India: Medical outbreaks in India - Health disasters in India
18th-21th centuries famines in India: Famines in India, resulting in more than 60 million deaths over the course of the 18th, 19th, and early 20th centuries
December 1984 Bhopal toxic gas release: December 1984 Bhopal toxic gas release - International Campaign for Justice in Bhopal
2013 Bihar school meal poisoning incident: 16 July 2013 Bihar school meal poisoning incident - 21 July 2013: Pesticide found in fatal Indian school meal
2014/2015 India dengue fever: 7 October 2014: India dengue fever cases 300 times higher than officially reported, study by USA and Indian researchers says - 15 September 2015: Dengue outbreak claimed five lives and affected 1,872 people even as the peak dengue period lay ahead and as the capital Delhi running out of hospital beds
2015 air pollution and respiratory diseases: 23 September 2015: India's doctors blame air pollution for sharp rise in respiratory diseases
August 2017 60 children die in Indian hospital amid furore over oxygen supplies: 13 August 2017: Sixty children die in Indian hospital amid furore over oxygen supplies
August/September 2017 Gorakhpur hospital deaths: August/September 2017 Gorakhpur hospital deaths, when 325 children died at the hospital after the hospital's piped oxygen supply ran out
June-September 2019 Bihar encephalitis outbreak: June-September 2019 Bihar encephalitis outbreak, as cause of the outbreak is unclear and as hospitals and primary health centres lacked the required facilities to treat children
Since January 2020 Chinese coronavirus pandemic in India: Since January 2020 Chinese coronavirus pandemic in India, as of 20 March 2020, ministry has confirmed a total of 223 cases and 4 deaths in the country - Since March 2020 coronavirus pandemic in Karnataka - Since January 2020 coronavirus pandemic in Kerala - Since March 2020 coronavirus pandemic in Maharashtra
Since January 2020 timeline of covid-19 in India: Since January 2020 timeline of the Chinese coronavirus pandemic in India
16 March 2020 Maharashtra closes tourist and religious attractions: 16 March 2020: Authorities in Maharashtra, which has registered the highest number of coronavirus positive cases in India, have decided to close some prominent tourist and religious attractions - 17 March 2020: Number of positive coronavirus cases in India rises to 139, highest in Maharashtra, where death of a patient was also reported
26 March 2020 India begins enforcing coronavirus lockdown as global virus infections near 500,000: 26 March 2020: As India on Thursday began enforcing the world’s largest coronavirus lockdown, trying to keep its 1.3 billion people indoors, in neighboring Pakistan a caseload of nearly 1,100 infections propelled government efforts to persuade the country’s more than 200 million people to stay home, and global virus infections near 500,000
7 April 2020 covid-19 cases: 7 April 2020: The number of coronavirus positive cases in Gujarat went up to 146 after 18 new cases were reported on Monday, while the fatality count rose to 12 - On 7 April, 23 positive cases were reported in Maharashtra, 12 in Karnataka, 3 in Rajasthan
20 April 2020 biggest single-day spike in covid-19 cases reported in India: 20 April 2020: India recorded its biggest single-day spike in covid-19 cases, as an additional 1,553 cases were reported raising the national total past 17,000, as at least 543 people have died from covid-19, and as Modi regime eased one of the world's strictest lockdowns to allow some manufacturing and agricultural activity to resume
29 April 2020 India reported 31,331 cases and 1,007 covid-19 deaths: 29 April 2020: India has now reported 31,331 cases, including 1,007 covid-19 deaths
May 2020 long travel also on the bike against covid-19: 23 mai 2020: Jyoti Kumari, 15 ans, a transporté en vélo son père blessé Mohan Paswan, un conducteur de pousse-pousse et un des millions de travailleurs migrants ruinés par le confinement décidé en mars par les autorités pour tenter de ralentir la progression de la pandémie de covid-19, et leurs possessions sur le porte-bagages, de Gurugram, près de New Dehli, à leur village de l’État de Bihar, arrivant au village le 16 mai, après un périple de 1200 kilomètres parcourus en sept jours
30 May 2020 India reports record daily rise in infections: 30 May 2020: India reports record daily rise in infections, as known global covid-19 death toll passes 363,000, as USA accounts for about 30% of cases, ahead of Brazil accounting for 7.2%, Russia for 6.6%, the UK for 4.7%, Spain for 4.1% and Italy for 4%, and as Iran sees highest tally of new infections since early April
11 July 2020 India reports record spike of covid-19 cases: 11 July 2020: India reports record spike of covid-19 cases passing 800,000, pushing several states to bring back lockdowns, despite the punitive economic cost
17 July 2020 covid-19 infections in India pass 1m mark: 17 July 2020: India has become the third country to record more than 1m covid-19 infections, following the USA and Brazil, as it reported 34,956 new cases in the past 24 hours, taking the national total to 1,003,832, amid evidence that the disease was taking hold in poorer, rural areas less well-served by public healthcare
27/28 August 2020 India sets new national daily covid-19 case record: 27 August 2020: Ten in remote Indian tribe of 59 test positive for covid-19, as virus reached Great Andamanese tribe despite testing of all island visitors, and as India sets new national daily covid-19 case record, reporting more than 77,000 new cases
7 April 2021 India carries out record 4.3m daily covid-19 jabs as cases continue to rise: 7 April 2021: India carries out record 4.3m daily covid-19 jabs as cases continue to rise and as country reports 115,000 fresh infections in 24 hours, the highest single-day total anywhere in world
7 May 2021 covid-19 rips through rural India’s threadbare healthcare system: 7 May 2021: Covid-19 rips through rural India’s threadbare healthcare system, as the pandemic overwhelming the big cities is reaching areas of Bihar where there is one doctor for 40,000 people
14 May 2021 covid-19 in Indian rural areas: 14 mai 2021: Le coronavirus fait rage dans les campagnes indiennes où les défunts sont enterrés ou parfois abandonnés dans les rivières, tandis que les malades se soignent avec des décoctions de plantes pour tout médicament
28 June 2021 India’s women left behind in vaccination drive: 28 June 2021: India’s women left behind in vaccination drive, as misinformation and access issues combined with patriarchal social norms fuelling disparity in distribution across most states
8 January 2022 India has reported 141,986 new daily covid-19 cases amid Omicron wave: 8 January 2022: India has reported 141,986 new daily covid-19 cases – the most since the end of May – as the Omicron variant of the coronavirus overtakes the Delta version in major cities, as the health ministry on Saturday also reported 285 new deaths, taking the total to 483,463 and total infections stood at 35.37 million, 'Al Jazeera' reports
Healthcare in India: Healthcare in India - Healthcare by city of India
May 2017 cuts to benefits: 30 May 2017: India condemned for cuts to benefits, as campaigners warn of damaging effect of scaling back a maternal payment scheme introduced to stem high death rates among infants and mothers
Hospitals in India: List of hospitals in India by state
August/September 2017 Gorakhpur hospital deaths: August/September 2017 Gorakhpur hospital deaths, when 325 children died at the hospital after the hospital's piped oxygen supply ran out
7 December 2020 mystery outbreak has increased the burden on the healthcare system: 7 December 2020: Mystery outbreak has increased the burden on the healthcare system in Andhra Pradesh, one of the states worst affected by coronavirus with 800,000 active cases, as hundreds of people in Eluru collapsed and experienced seizures and nausea, and some reportedly foamed at the mouth, and a 45-year-old man admitted to hospital with the symptoms had a heart attack and died
9 January 2021 ten babies killed when fire teared through hospital in India's Bhandara: 9 January 2021: Ten babies were killed in a maternity unit in the Indian state of Maharashtra early on Saturday when fire tore through a major hospital, as staff rescued seven of the newborn infants at the Bhandara district hospital but were beaten back before they could reach 10 others
7 May 2021 covid-19 rips through rural India’s threadbare healthcare system: 7 May 2021: Covid-19 rips through rural India’s threadbare healthcare system, as the pandemic overwhelming the big cities is reaching areas of Bihar where there is one doctor for 40,000 people
6 November 2021 at least 11 killed in fire at Indian hospital covid-19 ward: 6 November 2021: At least 11 killed in fire at Indian hospital covid-19 ward, as an official told New Delhi TV that about 17 patients were in the Maharashtra ward when the fire broke out
Public welfare in India: Public welfare in India - Welfare in India - bills and schemes - Subsidies in India
Sport in India: Sport in India - 4 December 2012: India has been suspended by the International Olympic Committee ahead of elections in which officials accused of corruption were set to be appointed - 5 December: India Olympics elections go ahead despite suspension - Controversies involving the Indian Premier League
Media and freedom of the press in India: Media of India - Censorship in India
August 2019 communications blackout imposed by India: 8 August 2019: The unprecedented communications blackout imposed on Indian-administered Kashmir could signal a departure in the way democratic states clamp down on information in contentious areas, the UN’s special rapporteur on freedom of expression David Kaye has said
Murder of journalists in India: List of journalists killed in India
2012: 30 December 2012: 2012 South Asia mourned the murder of 25 media persons, 13 journalists in Pakistan, five in India, three in Bangladesh, and two each in Nepal and Afghanistan, a report says - 25 August 2013: A journalist with a Hindi daily was shot dead yesterday in the Bakewar of Etawah district in Uttar Pradesh
2015: 10 June 2015: Indian journalist Joginder Singh set on fire after accusing minister over land grabs
2017: 5 September 2017: Indian journalist Gauri Lankesh critical of Hindu extremists shot and killed by three assailants as she was entering her home in Bangalore - 21 September 2017: Journalist Shantanu Bhowmick covering political unrest in India’s north-east was beaten to death during violent clashes, two weeks after the high-profile murder of another prominent journalist
March 2018: 10 March 2018: Indian police arrested Kumar, a member of the hard-line Hindu group called the Sanatan Sanstha and earlier accused of being involved in the murder of a well-known atheist, on Friday for the murder of journalist and advocate of secularism Gauri Lankesh in 2017 - 27 March 2018: Three Indian journalists have been struck by vehicles and killed in recent days in what their families and rights groups claim were deliberate attacks
Print media in India: Print media in India - Newspapers in India - Indian magazines - United News of India
Press Trust of India - Markandey Katju - 25 August: Markandey Katju's '90% Indians are fools' remark
Broadcasting and TV in India: FM broadcasting in India - TV in India - Indian-language radio stations - All India Radio - TV stations in India
2015: 3 March 2015: India bans TV stations from showing interview with man who raped student Jyoti Singh in 2012 in a documentary due to be simultaneously broadcast on Sunday, International Women’s Day, by BBC4 and channels in seven other countries, including India’s NDTV
Internet in India: Internet in India
Internet censorship in India: Internet censorship in India
Since 2011: Since 2011 'Cartoons Against Corruption'
Since 2012: Since 2012 'Save Your Voice' movement against internet censorship in India - Cartoons Against Corruption
2013: 25 February 2013: The Kerala cyber police filed cases against 111 people for anti-Kurien comments on Facebook
2015: 24 March 2015: India's Supreme Court strikes down internet censorship law widely criticised as a draconian limit on freedom of speech
27 December 2019 internet shutdown: 27 décembre 2019: Internet encore coupé en vue des prochaines manifestations
11 November 2020 Indian move to regulate digital media raises censorship fears: 11 November 2020: Indian move to regulate digital media raises censorship fears, as government will oversee online news, social media and video streaming platforms
Communications, internet service providers and mobile phone companies in India: Communications in India - Information technology in India - List of internet service providers in India - Mobile network operators of India - Mobile phone companies of India
Fake news and 'social media' in India:
2016: In November 2016, India established a 2,000-rupee currency bill on the same day as the Indian 500 and 1,000 rupee note demonetisation, fake news went viral over Whatsapp that the note came equipped with spying technology which tracked bills
July 2018: 13 July 2018: After hoax messages circulated on WhatsApp triggered several incidents of mob lynchings in recent weeks in India, the Facebook-owned messaging platform published full-page advertisements in leading Indian newspapers advising users on how to identify false information - 15 July 2018: 25 people arrested on Sunday over the murder of Mohammad Azam, who was attacked along with two friends by a 2,000-strong mob in southern Karnataka state’s Bidar district late on Friday
Cinema of India: Cinema of India - Freedom of expression in India - 15 April 2014: Misconceptions and criticisms of Bollywood
2015: 6 May 2015: Actor Salman Khan, who ran over five men sleeping on a pavement in the upmarket Mumbai suburb of Bandra West, killing one, convicted of culpable homicide and sentenced to a five year jail term
Media ownership and advertising in India: Indian mass media owners - Advertising in India
Freedom of expression in India: Freedom of expression in India
Human and Fundamental Rights in India and judiciary: Human rights in India - Fundamental Rights in India - Judiciary of India
April 2018 caste protests in India: April 2018 caste protests in India
Racism in India: Racism in India
Hinduism, Hindu nationalism, Hindutva, Hindu political parties and paramilitary Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh: Hinduism is the major religion of India, with over 79.8% of the population identifying themselves as Hindu, while 14.2% of the population follow Islam and the remaining 6% adhere to other religions - Hindus by district in India - Hindu nationalism - Hindutva, or 'Hinduness', a term popularised in 1923, is the predominant form of Hindu nationalism in India and adopted by The Bharatiya Janata Party BJP as its official ideology in 1989 - List of Hindu political parties - Bharatiya Janata Party, a right-wing party with close ideological and organisational links to the Hindu nationalist Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh - Yogi Adityanath's political controversies - Since 1925 Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, a right-wing Hindu nationalist, paramilitary volunteer organisation in India, that is widely regarded as the parent organisation of the ruling party of India, the Bharatiya Janata Party
1971 Bangladesh Liberation War: 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War
2002 Gujarat violence: 2002 Gujarat violence
2013/2014: 13 February 2013: Thirteen tribals, including five women, were killed in separate incidents of violence related to panchayat elections in Assam's Goalpara district on Tuesday - 29 April 2013: Curfew has been imposed in Malaipathar in Assam's Goalpara district amid violence in which four people have been killed - 18 January 2014: NDFB militants kill five people in Assam firing indiscriminately at passengers of a bus - 2 May 2014: In the middle of India's ongoing general election, Bodo separatists killed at least 10 villagers, including six women and two children, and injured others in Kokrajhar and Baksa - 4 May: 29 people have been killed so far in the violence in Lower Assam - 23 December 2014: Deadly attacks on Adivasi tribal migrants, largely tea plantation workers, blamed on banned National Democratic Front of Bodoland
Insurgency in Northeast India: Insurgency in Northeast India
2010-2018 alleged scams and scandals in India: 2010-2018 list of alleged scams and scandals in India
Fraud in India: Fraud in India
Since February 2018 Punjab National Bank Scam: Since February 2018 Punjab National Bank Scam
Terrorism in India: Terrorism in India
Since 2001 terrorism in India: Terrorism in India since 2001
2006 Mumbai train bombings: 2006 Mumbai train bombings
November 2008 Mumbai attacks: 26–29 November 2008 Mumbai attacks
September 2011 Delhi High Court attack: 7 September 2011: Deadly terror attack at Delhi High Court
2013 terrorist incidents: Terrorist incidents in India in 2013
2014 timeline of violence and terrorist incidents in India: India timeline of violence and terrorist incidents in 2014
2015 timeline of violence and terrorist incidents in India: India timeline of violence and terrorist incidents in 2015
Organised crime in India: Organised crime in India
India Mafia: India Mafia
Violence in India: Violence in India
Collapsed buildings in India: Collapsed buildings in India
Explosions and fire incidents in India: Explosions in India - Fire incidents in India
Health disasters in India: Health disasters in India
Alcohol poisonings in India: List of alcohol poisonings in India
Law and legal history of India: Law of India - Legal history of India - Indian criminal law
Judiciary and court system in India: Judiciary of India
District courts of India: District courts of India
Supreme Court of India cases: Supreme Court of India cases
Central Bureau of Investigation: Central Bureau of Investigation
State Armed Police Forces: State Armed Police Forces
2013: 12 February 2013: A Maharashtra Police report on the January 6 Dhule riots has indicted cops of firing 'in excess'. The communal riots in Machchli Bazaar in Dhule claimed six lives and more than 200 people were injured - 5 March 2013: The Punjab government has suspended two policemen and ordered a magisterial inquiry into the incident where a young woman was brutally beaten up by policemen in Tarn Taran near Amritsar - 3 April 2013: Thousands paid tribute to Sudipto Gupta, the 22-year-old student activist who died in police custody, outside the office of the Students Federation of India - 18 April: Responding to a distraught couple whose six-year-old daughter had been raped and murdered, the police in Aligarh in Uttar Pradesh manhandled the mother and protesters and dragged the mother on the ground - 25 April: The Supreme Court has asked the Delhi Police to explain why women protesters were slapped demonstrating outside the hospital where the five-year-old raped girl was being treated - 18 May: A man, named Balbir, injected with petrol and acid by police dies in Uttar Pradesh
Prisons in India: Prisons in India
Foreign relations of India: Foreign relations of India
Non-resident Indian and person of Indian origin: Non-resident Indian and person of Indian origin
India/United Nations relations: India and the United Nations
India's participation UN in peacekeeping missions: India among nations that participate in UN peacekeeping missions
Bilateral relations of India: Bilateral relations of India
India/Afghanistan relations: India/Afghanistan relations - 4 October 2011: 'Strategic partnership' between Afghanistan and India signed by Karzai and Singh in Delhi - 12 November: Afghan President Karzai is in New Delhi, holding delegation-level talks with PM Manmohan Singh - 12 November: India and Afghanistan to intensify cooperation, especially in the sectors of agriculture, small business and mining - 3 August 2013: A suicide blast outside the Indian consulate in Jalalabad has reportedly left at least eight people dead and another 12 injured - 5 September: Suspected Taliban militants shot dead the Indian author Sushmita Banerjee, writer of a popular book about her dramatic escape from the Taliban in the 90s, in eastern Afghan province of Paktika - 23 March 2014: India's NDTV is joining a global voluntary boycott by international media of the Afghan Taliban after they murdered nine innocent civilians including five and three-year-old children in Kabul
India/Australia relations: India/Australia relations
India/Botswana relations: India/Botswana relations
India/Brazil relations: India/Brazil relations
India/Canada relations: India/Canada relations
India/Burma (Myanmar) relations: India/Burma relations
India/PR of China relations: India/PR of China relations
India/Israel relations: India/Israel relations
India/Italy relations: India/Italy relations - Italians in India
India/Mozambique relations: India/Mozambique relations
2013 Mozambique’s coal mining and resettlements: 23 May 2013: Mozambique’s coal mining boom and resettlements
India/New Zealand relations: India/New Zealand relations
India/Nigeria relations: India/Nigeria relations
October 2011 India march over controversial anti-insurgent law: 17 October 2011: India march over controversial anti-insurgent law
2012: 8 April 2012: President Zardari the first Pakistani head of state since 2005 to visit India for talks - 8 April: 'Relations between India and Pakistan should become normal, that's our common desire', PM Manmohan Singh says accepting an invitation to Pakistan - 25 April: Some days after India's last missile test the Pakistani military has successfully conducted a test of an upgraded intermediate-range ballistic missile capable of carrying a nuclear warhead - 12 July: Pakistan willing to resolve bilateral disputes with India, FM Hina Rabbani Khar says - 2 August: India overturns ban on Pakistan investments - 20 August: Pakistan rejects India's charges on northeast exodus - 25 August: India, Pakistan MPs push for better ties, facilitating people-to-people contacts in crucial fields - 31 August: On the sidelines of the Tehran NAM summit Dr Singh met Mr Zardari urging Pakistan to speed up the 26/11 trials and to bridge the trust deficit between the two countries - 8 September 2012: India, Pakistan ink visa agreement and agree on forward-looking approach to normalise ties - promised action against the perpetrators of the 26/11 Mumbai attacks - 26 November: Violating the ceasefire yet again, Pakistan troops targeted 10 Indian forward posts by firing over 6000 rounds from heavy weaponry along the Indo-Pak border in Poonch district - 24 December: In a bid to ease border tension and ensure peace, army commanders of India and Pakistan after 14 years hold meeting - 25 December: LoC peace agreed in rare Pakistan-India army tryst
7 August 2019 Indian ambassador to Pakistan expelled: 7 août 2019: Le Pakistan expulse l'ambassadeur indien
20 August 2019 Kashmir case to International Court of Justice: 20 August 2019: Pakistan to take Kashmir dispute with India to International Court of Justice
January 2013: 6 January 2013: Pakistan, India accuse each other of violating Kashmir border - 6 January: Pakistani military says cross-border attack on Sawan Patra checkpoint in Kashmir left one soldier dead and one injured, happening on a day when both the Indian and the Pakistani national cricket teams are playing their third and the last of a series of one-day matches - 9 January: India condemns the 'inhuman' treatment of its two soldiers who it says were killed in an attack by Pakistani soldiers in the disputed territory of Kashmir - 10 January: India on Thursday rejects Pakistan's proposal for UN probe into the incident in which two Indian soldiers were killed across the Line of Control - 10 January: In yet another ceasefire violation across the Line of Control, Pakistan today fired at Indian posts in the Poonch sector, while Pakistani military says 'unprovoked' shooting caused death in Kashmir, just days after India blamed Pakistan for two fatalities - 15 January: Despite tensions, India begins visas on arrival for Pakistani senior citizens - 16 January: Ongoing tensions and alleged ceasefire violations across the line of control, as Pakistan's government has become under increased pressure by thousands of anti-corruption protesters in Islamabad demanding true democracy and after the Supreme Court has ordered the arrest of PM Ashraf in connection with a corruption case - 17 January: India's and Pakistan's director-generals of military operations reportedly agreed to de-escalate tension at the Line of Control in Kashmir - 26 January: Talks between Water Secretaries of India and Pakistan cancelled - 28 January 2013: Cross-border bus and trade services between India and Pakistan have resumed today from Poonch in Jammu
August-October 2013: 6 August 2013 ambush in the Poonch area and reactions - 6 August: Five Indian soldiers have been killed by Pakistan soldiers who entered Indian territory in the Poonch area of Jammu and Kashmir, a sixth soldier survived the assault - 25 September: PM Manmohan Singh confirmed a bilateral meeting expected on Sunday with Pakistan's PM Nawaz Sharif on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly meet in New York - 26 September: Terror attacks, killing at least 12 people in a police station and an Army cantonment in Jammu and Kashmir, aimed at derailing India-Pakistan talks, Omar Abdullah says - 29 September: PM Manmohan Singh and PM Nawaz Sharif held their first official meeting in New York on Sunday and agreed that reducing violence and tension along the Line of Control in Kashmir will be a priority for both countries - 16 October: An Indian soldier was killed as Pakistani troops violated the ceasefire along the LoC and shelled an Indian post in Poonch district
August 2019 border clashes after India's revocation of Kashmir special status: Since 5 August 2019 revocation of special status and August border clashes
India/Palestinian territories relations: India/Palestinian territories relations
India/Singapore relations: India/Singapore relations - Indians in Singapore
India/Sudan relations: India/Sudan relations
India/Sweden relations: India/Sweden relations - Bofors scandal
India/Syria relations: India/Syria relations
2014-2018: First World War 1914-1918 centenary 2014-2018 - 25 April 2015: Up to 15,000 Indian soldiers fought alongside Anzacs with allied troops at Gallipoli, but their contribution remains relatively unrecognised in Australia and their homeland
India/United Kingdom relations: India/United Kingdom relations
1858-1947 British rule in the Indian subcontinent: British Raj - British rule in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947
December 2012 death of Jacintha Saldanha: Death of Jacintha Saldanha December 2012 - 9 December: As more than 300 people attended a memorial service for Jacintha Saldanha held in Shirva in India on Sunday, painted Australian media say it is not the time for 'hysterical finger-pointing' - Sunday 9 December: Scotland Yard contacts Australian police over the death of Jacintha Saldanha - 11 December 2012: The familiy of Jacintha Saldhana, who died in London, wants an independent inquiry - 13 December: One week later, London police says, Jacintha Saldhana was found hanging in her room. leaving three suicide notes - 23 December: The family of Jacintha Saldanha has assembled a set of 60 questions, which they have posed to the British hospital as well as to the parent company of the Australian radio - 2 February 2013: British prosecutors, the crown (!) prosecution service, will not press charges against two Australian DJs over the royal hoax call and its illegal and international broadcasting that preceded Jacintha Saldhana's suicide - 11 February 2013: Australia royal radio hoaxer back on air - 7 March 2013: The family of Jacintha Saldhana, who committed suicide after hoax call broadcasting, is struggling with the prospect of massive legal bills to uncover the truth
India/USA relations: India/USA relations
2013/2014: 6 January 2013: Indian-Americans in Chicago, led by students of two leading universities, held a protest meet and candlelight vigil in memory of the raped and murdered Delhi medical student, demanding speedy justice - 6 juin 2013: Trois arrestations après le viol collectif d'une Américaine - 1 July 2013: Indian embassy among 38 'targets' spied upon by US National Security Agency - 24 July: Wal-Mart can't meet norms, Congress says - 28 September: Growing ties with US highlighted by Manmohan Singh after his meeting with Barack Obama at the White House - 9 October: US Walmart and India's Bharti end joint venture - 19 October: USA ship crew arrested and jailed for illegally entering Indian waters with a huge cache of arms - 31 October 2013: USA immigration bill rings alarm bell among Indian IT firms - 2013 Indian Deputy Consul General Devyani Khobragade's arrest - 10 January 2014: Indian diplomat Devyani Khobragade allowed to leave USA after indictment under diplomatic immunity - 3 April 2014: Congress MP Ramachandra Rao among six persons charged in the USA in an international corruption scheme involving bribes worth $18.5 million to government officials in India to allow the mining of titanium minerals in Andhra Pradesh - 26 September: On behalf of two unnamed survivors Indian PM Modi summoned to answer human rights lawsuit in New York accusing him of human rights abuses during devastating religious riots in Gujarat in 2002
History of Indus river and Indus Valley Civilization: History of Indus river and Indus Valley Civilization
Environmental issues in India: Environmental issues in India
Air pollution in India: Air pollution in India
Since 1 November 2019 Delhi air pollution: 1 novembre 2019: La capitale indienne New Delhi connaît vendredi l'un de ses pics de pollution atmosphérique extrême, un 'état d'urgence sanitaire' pour les autorités - 4 November 2019: Delhi residents engulfed in pollution blame authorities for inaction and public health emergency declared after air pollution levels go off the charts - 5 November 2019: Due to Hindu nationalist Modi, New Delhi citizens face foul air, saying 'this city is not livable', as they didn't leave homes in a quiet inner-city slum in India's capital for the past six days on doctor's orders, trying to recover from severe throat infection and the thick smog in New Delhi, making breathing dangerous - 5 November 2019: The illegal burning of crop stubble by farmers in India, one of the biggest causes of the record-breaking pollution that has enveloped Delhi over the past week, is expected to continue for the next two weeks, despite a supreme court order for all farm fires to be halted
Water disputes in India: Water disputes in India
Illegal mining and mining scams in India: Illegal mining and mining scams in India
Uranium poisoning in Punjab: Uranium poisoning in Punjab
Electronic waste in India: Electronic waste in India
Deforestation in India: Deforestation in India
2014/2015: 3 September 2014: High court tells ministry of home affairs to allow foreign fund transfers to Greenpeace India after crackdown by Modi government following an intelligence report accusing campaign groups of hurting India's economy by protesting against power projects, mining and genetically modified food - 22 September 2014: After a Greenpeace worker refused entry to India in a series of unfair treatments, after a leaked Indian intelligence report describing the organisation as 'a threat to national economic security' and after a Modi ban on Greenpeace donations, Indian government accused of systematic crackdown on charity’s activities - 12 January 2015: Greenpeace campaigner Priya Pillai stopped by Indian officials from travelling to the UK to talk to MPs about the impact of a coal mine on a village in central India
Natural disasters in India and climate change: Natural disasters in India - Climate of India - Effects of global warming on South Asia
2013: 2013 North India floods - 17 June 2013: At least 10 people have died after incessant rains in the northern Indian state of Uttarakhand, officials say - 19 June: Flash flooding from early monsoon rains have killed at least 120 in northern India, officials say - 26 June: Air Force tribute to officers who died in Uttarakhand's rescue operations, where flash floods and landslide have killed at least 1,000 since June 15 - Cyclone Phailin October 2013 - 13 October: Timely precautions and massive evacuation operations in India prevent cyclone Phailin catastrophe - 16 October: Cyclone Phailin, which killed 28 people, brought floods and devastation in 16,000 villages, affecting over 1.2 crore people - 26 October: Flood situation turned grim on Saturday with at least 42 people having lost their lives and thousands evacuated in the last four days in Andhra Pradesh and Odisha - Cyclone Helen November 2013 - 23 November: Cyclone Helen kills six people and causes heavy crop damage in Andhra Pradesh
2015: June 2015 Gujarat cyclone and flood - July 2015 Gujarat flood - 1 August 2015: 21 people missing after mudslide triggered by torrential monsoon rains in India’s remote mountainous north-eastern region - 3 August 2015: Heavy monsoon rains have killed more than 100 people in India in the past week and forced tens of thousands of people to take shelter in state-run relief camps in West Bengal - 5 August: Derailment of 2 trains at Harda in connection with flash floods kills 27 people - 7 September 2015: Five people died in the Assam floods taking the toll in the current wave to 41 even as the situation in the state remained grim - November/December 2015 South Indian floods - 2 December 2015: Chennai drowns in deluge of water, completely disrupting normal life - 4 December: Thousands flee Chennai floods amid rising fears
July-August 2017 West Bengal floods: July-August 2017 West Bengal floods
August-October 2017 Bengaluru floods: August-October 2017 Bengaluru floods
Since July 2021 Maharashtra floods and climate change: Since July 2021 Maharashtra floods, a series of floods across the Maharashtra state, as around 251 people have died and over 100 are still missing due to floods and landslides. 13 districts have been affected in western Maharashtra. Climate change has played an important role in causing large-scale floods across central India, including the Mumbai floods of 2006 and 2017. During 1901-2015, there has been a three-fold rise in widespread extreme rainfall events, across central and northern India – Gujarat, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Telangana, Odisha, Jharkhand, Assam and parts of Western Ghats – Goa, north Karnataka and South Kerala.[13] The rising number of extreme rain events are attributed to an increase in the fluctuations of the monsoon westerly winds, due to increased warming in the Arabian Sea. This results in occasional surges of moisture transport from the Arabian Sea to the subcontinent, resulting in heavy rains lasting for 2–3 days, and spread over a region large enough to cause floods.
Weather events in India: Weather events in India
April 2010 Eastern Indian storm: m13 April 2010 Eastern Indian storm
December 2012 Indian cold wave: December 2012 Indian cold wave
January 2017 North India cold wave: January 2017 North India cold wave
Since May 2019 Indian heat wave and drought: Since May 2019 Indian heat wave
Impact of 2019 Indian heat wave: Impact of 2019 Indian heat wave
Wildfires in India: Forest fires in India
Environmental and man-made disasters in India: Environmental disasters in India - Man-made disasters in India
Earthquakes in India and neighboring states: Earthquakes in India
2011 Sikkim earthquake: 2011 Sikkim earthquake

Kashmir - Geography of 'princely state' Kashmir and Jammu 1846–1952 - History of Kashmir - History of India - Demographics of Kashmir - Demographics of Kashmir Valley - Kashmir Valley has a Muslim majority population, Islam is practiced by 97% of the population and the valley has also small communities of Hindu Kashmiri Pandits and Sikhs
Economy of Azad Kashmir: Economy of Azad Kashmir
Politics of Gilgit-Baltistan: Politics of Gilgit-Baltistan
Hydroelectric power stations in Jammu and Kashmir: Hydroelectric power stations in Jammu and Kashmir
Transport in Jammu and Kashmir: Transport in Jammu and Kashmir
Tourism in the Kashmir Valley: Tourism in the Kashmir Valley
Tourist attractions in Jammu and Srinagar: Tourist attractions in Jammu city - Tourist attractions in Srinagar
7 October 2019 woman killed by Indian fire: 7 October 2019: Indian fire kills woman in Pakistan-held Kashmir
17 September 2020 Indian police in Kashmir accused of killing shopkeeper in their custody: 17 September 2020: Police in Kashmir have been accused of killing a young man in their custody and then staging his death as an accident
Education in Jammu and Kashmir: Education in Jammu and Kashmir
Colleges and universities in Jammu and Kashmir: Universities and colleges in Jammu and Kashmir - University of Kashmir
Health, healthcare and covid-19 in Jammu and Kashmir: Health, healthcare and covid-19 pandemic since 2020 in Jammu and Kashmir
1 January 2022 stampede at Vaishno Devi temple kills at least twelve in Jammu and Kashmir: 1 January 2022: A stampede at Vaishno Devi temple kills at least twelve in Jammu and Kashmir
Crime in Jammu and Kashmir: Crime in Jammu and Kashmir
Massacres in Jammu and Kashmir: Massacres in Jammu and Kashmir
Human rights abuses in Jammu and Kashmir: Human rights abuses in Jammu and Kashmir
Terrorism in Jammu and Kashmir: Terrorism in Jammu and Kashmir
Environment of Jammu and Kashmir: Environment of Jammu and Kashmir
Natural disasters in Jammu and Kashmir:
Since 1947 Indo-Pakistani wars and ongoing conflicts: Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts
2011: 1 September 2011: Kashmir border deaths spark India and Pakistan row - 1 September 2011: Kashmir border - India and Pakistan troops exchange fire
2013: 6 January 2013: Pakistan, India accuse each other of violating Kashmir border - 6 January: Pakistani military says cross-border attack on Sawan Patra checkpoint in Kashmir left one soldier dead and one injured, happening on a day when both the Indian and the Pakistani national cricket teams are playing their third and the last of a series of one-day matches - 8 January: Indian army spokesman says two Indian soldiers are fired upon by Pakistani troops in Indian-administrated Kashmir - 10 January: India on Thursday rejects Pakistan's proposal for UN probe into the incident in which two Indian soldiers were killed across the Line of Control - 10 January: In yet another ceasefire violation across the Line of Control, Pakistan today fired at Indian posts in the Poonch sector, while Pakistani military says 'unprovoked' shooting caused death in Kashmir, just days after India blamed Pakistan for two fatalities - 15 February: India kills Pakistani soldier who crossed Line of Control
2015: 2015 India–Pakistan border skirmishes - 1 January 2015: Five people dead in New Year's Eve clashes on India-Pakistan border, including four Pakistani interior-ministry troops, ending a year in which clashes between the neighbors have escalated - 4 January 2015: Pakistani shelling killed Jammu woman Toshi Devi, over a dozen wounded in the cross-border firing and residents shifted - 6 January: Thousands flee homes in Kashmir as India-Pakistan clashes spread - 5 August 2015: Two BSF jawans and a militant killed when militants attacked a Border Security Force convoy in Udhampur district, also holding two villagers as hostage - 16 August: Eight people killed in renewed firing along disputed Kashmir border - 19 August: UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon voices alarm at the latest upsurge in violence along the disputed border of India and Pakistan in Kashmir and urged restraint on the part of both governments
August 2019 border clashes after India's revocation of Kashmir special status: Since 5 August 2019 revocation of special status and August border clashes
2013: 9 February 2013: Opposition Peoples Democratic Party expressed disappointment over the hanging of Indian parliament attack convict Afzal Guru and appealed to the people of Kashmir to exercise restraint - Criticism About the Glaring Denial of Last Available Legal Relief to Afzal Guru - 11/15 February: After three people have died and around 100 people have been injured during protests at the execution of Afzal Guru curfew is still in place in all the 10 districts of the Kashmir valley - 1 March 2013: Uproar in Jammu and Kashmir assembly over Afzal Guru's hanging - 6 March: The Kashmir Valley is on edge after a young man was allegedly killed by the army in Baramulla - 8 March: More than 50 civilians, police and CRPF personnel were injured during clashes in Jammu and Kashmir - 13 March 2013: Five paramilitary police were killed and another six injured in an attack by militants on a CRPF camp in Srinagar - 26 April: In a major strike, militants today killed four policemen in Sopore area of Baramulla district in North Kashmir - 9 May: A Pakistani prisoner, who was attacked by a fellow inmate at a high-security prison in Indian-administered Kashmir following the death of the Indian prisoner Sarabjit Singh, has died in hospital - 25 December 2013: The army orders court martial proceedings against two officers and four soldiers for their alleged involvement in the 2010 Machil fake encounter case that had triggered a two month-long agitation
2016–2018 Kashmir unrest: 2016–2018 Kashmir unrest


Indonesia - Geography of Indonesia - History of Indonesia - Demographics of Indonesia
Copper mines in Indonesia: Copper mines in Indonesia
Gold mines in Indonesia: Gold mines in Indonesia
Nickel mines in Indonesia: Nickel mines in Indonesia
Automotive industry in Indonesia: Automotive industry in Indonesia
Indonesian Aerospace: Indonesian Aerospace
Coal, oil and gas in Indonesia: Coal, oil and gas in Indonesia
Since May 2006 Sidoarjo mud flow: Since May 2006 Sidoarjo mud flow
Power companies of Indonesia: Power companies of Indonesia
Urbanization in Indonesia: Urbanization in Indonesia
March 2015 migrant workers dumped on islands after Indonesia banned foreign fishing: 27 March 2015: Migrant workers dumped on islands after being abandoned by boat captains when Indonesia banned foreign fishing
Transport in Indonesia by province: Transport in Indonesia by province
Transport disasters in Indonesia: Transport disasters in Indonesia
Maritime incidents in Indonesia: Maritime incidents in Indonesia
Road incidents in Indonesia: Road incidents in Indonesia
Railway accidents and incidents in Indonesia: Railway accidents and incidents in Indonesia
Public transport in Indonesia: Public transport in Indonesia
20 February 2020 Bali's and Indonesia's tourism industry hit by covid-19 fears: 20 February 2020: Bali's and Indonesia's tourism industry hit by coronavirus fears
Banking and banks in Indonesia: Banking in Indonesia - Banks in Indonesia
Economic history of Indonesia and business cycles: Economic history of Indonesia since 1945
Since March 2020 economic and social impact of Chinese coronavirus pandemic in Indonesia: Since March 2020 economic and social impact of Chinese coronavirus pandemic in Indonesia
Poverty in Indonesia: Poverty in Indonesia
Military of Indonesia: Indonesian National Armed Forces
Indonesian Marine Corps: Since 1945 Indonesian Marine Corps
Taxation in Indonesia: Taxation in Indonesia


Political parties in Indonesia: Political parties in Indonesia
Since 1908 Indonesian Indonesian independence movement: Since 1908 Indonesian National Awakening and Indonesian independence movement
1950-1957 Liberal democracy period in Indonesia: 1950-1957 Liberal democracy period in Indonesia
1965-1998 Transition to the 'New Order' of General Suharto: 1965-1998 Transition to the 'New Order' - 1967-1998 rule of General Suharto
Elections and politics in Indonesia: Elections in Indonesia
July/September 2004 Indonesian presidential election: July/September 2004 Indonesian presidential election
December 2006 Acehnese gubernatorial election: 11 December 2006 Acehnese gubernatorial election
2009 Indonesian legislative and presidential elections: Indonesian legislative election 2009 - Indonesian presidential election 2009
20 January 2022 Indonesia’s controversial vision for new capital amid many global, regional man-made crises: 20 January 2022: President Jokowi’s controversial vision for Indonesia’s new capital, as critics say the plan will displace Indigenous peoples and centralise power in ways that may be unconstitutional, and as on Tuesday Jokowi’s grand plan moved a step closer to reality when parliament approved legislation setting out the legalities of relocating the capital from Jakarta to East Kalimantan, the eastern portion of Borneo, including such issues as funding and governance. Jakarta, a vast metropolis that has never captured the international imagination like Bangkok or Hanoi, is sinking under the weight of unregulated groundwater extraction, clogged with traffic, clouded by smog and overcrowded. Under the relocation plan, 1.5 million of the city’s 11 million residents would move to the jungles of Indonesian Borneo at an eye-watering cost of $32bn
14 February 2024 Indonesian general election: The 2024 Indonesian presidential election is the fifth general election in Indonesia that aims to elect the President and Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia. The direct election is conducted to determine the holders of the office of president and vice president for the 2024-2029 service period and will be held on Wednesday, 14 February 2024. Incumbent president Joko Widodo cannot run for a third term due to term limits set by the Indonesian constitution. This presidential election will be held together with the legislative election for members of the House of Representatives, the Senate, and local legislative councils (DPRD Provinsi and DPRD Kabupaten or DPRD Kota) throughout Indonesia. - Opinion polling for the 14 February 2024 Indonesian presidential election


Social movements and protests in Indonesia: Trade unions in Indonesia - Protests in Indonesia
2016: 2 December 2016: Viewed as a test of religious tolerance for Indonesia, where minorities have increasingly come under attack in recent years, as critics accuse opponents of Christian governor Purnama of the Indonesian capital, also a member of Indonesia’s ethnic Chinese minority, of whipping up anger and encouraging the protests to reduce his support ahead of February polls for the governorship, and as national police chief Karnavian calls for the protesters to support the legal process in the blasphemy case, a crowd of about 200,000 Muslim protesters descends on Jakarta to demand Purnama be arrested for insulting Islam, after he accused opponents of using a Koranic verse that suggests Muslims should not choose non-Muslims as leaders - 2 December 2016: Indonesia police arrest eight people before anti-Ahok Jakarta protest


Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Indonesia: Indonesian society - Human rights in Indonesia
Since 1950 West New Guinea dispute: 1950-1962 West New Guinea dispute
1962-1963 UN Temporary Executive Authority: 1962-1963 UN Temporary Executive Authority
Regions and geographical units of Indonesia: Regions and geographical units of Indonesia

1602-1799 Dutch East India Company in Amsterdam and Battavia (Jakarta): 1602-1799 Dutch East India Company in Amsterdam and Battavia (Jakarta)
1800–1949 Dutch East Indies: 1800–1949 Dutch East Indies
21th century suicide bombings in Indonesia and Jakarta: 21the century suicide bombings in Indonesia and Jakarta


Sumatra island and tropical rain forest: Sumatra island, the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the sixth-largest island in the world at 473,481 km2, not including adjacent islands such as the Simeulue, Nias, Mentawai, Enggano, Riau Islands, Bangka Belitung and Krakatoa archipelago. Sumatra is an elongated landmass spanning a diagonal northwest–southeast axis. The Indian Ocean borders the northwest, west, and southwest coasts of Sumatra, with the island chain of Simeulue, Nias, Mentawai, and Enggano off the western coast. In the northeast, the narrow Strait of Malacca separates the island from the Malay Peninsula, which is an extension of the Eurasian continent. In the southeast, the narrow Sunda Strait, containing the Krakatoa Archipelago, separates Sumatra from Java. The northern tip of Sumatra is near the Andaman Islands, while off the southeastern coast lie the islands of Bangka and Belitung, Karimata Strait and the Java Sea. The Bukit Barisan mountains, which contain several active volcanoes, form the backbone of the island, while the northeastern area contains large plains and lowlands with swamps, mangrove forest and complex river systems. The equator crosses the island at its centre in West Sumatra and Riau provinces. The climate of the island is tropical, hot, and humid. Lush tropical rain forest once dominated the landscape. Sumatra has a wide range of plant and animal species but has lost almost 50% of its tropical rainforest in the last 35 years


Sulawesi island: Sulawesi island, one of the four Greater Sunda Islands, and the world's eleventh-largest island, it is situated east of Borneo, west of the Maluku Islands, and south of Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago. Within Indonesia, only Sumatra, Borneo, and Papua are larger in territory, and only Java and Sumatra have larger populations. The landmass of Sulawesi includes four peninsulas, the northern Minahasa Peninsula, the East Peninsula, the South Peninsula, and the Southeast Peninsula. Three gulfs separate these peninsulas: the Gulf of Tomini between the northern Minahasa and East peninsulas, the Tolo Gulf between the East and Southeast peninsulas, and the Bone Gulf between the South and Southeast peninsulas. The Strait of Makassar runs along the western side of the island and separates the island from Borneo.




Demographics and ethnic groups of Indonesia: Demographics of Indonesia
Architecture of Indonesia: Architecture of Indonesia
Women and women's rights in Indonesia: Women in Indonesia - Indonesian women's rights activists
Polygamy in Indonesia: Polygamy in Indonesia
Gender in Indonesia: Gender in Indonesia
Children and youth in Indonesia: Youth in Indonesia
Universities in Indonesia: Universities in Indonesia by province
Science and technology in Indonesia: Science and technology in Indonesia - Center for International Forestry Research - Space program of Indonesia - SETARA Institute's research on democracy, political freedom and human rights
Health in Indonesia: Health in Indonesia
Medical outbreaks and health disasters in Indonesia: Medical outbreaks in Indonesia - Health disasters in Indonesia
2005 Indonesia food scare: 2005 Indonesia food scare
Hospitals in Indonesia: Hospitals in Indonesia
Indonesian journalists and journalism organizations: Indonesian journalism organizations - Indonesian journalists
Newspapers in Indonesia: Newspapers in Indonesia
Cinema of Indonesia: Cinema of Indonesia
Sport in Indonesia: Sport in Indonesia
Sport by sport in Indonesia: Sport by sport in Indonesia
Religion in Indonesia: Religion in Indonesia
Religiously motivated violence in Indonesia: Religiously motivated violence in Indonesia
Crime in Indonesia: Crime in Indonesia
Violence in Indonesia: Violence in Indonesia
List of terrorist incidents in Indonesia since 2010s: List of terrorist incidents in Indonesia since 2010s
Environmental crime in Indonesia: Environmental crime
Disasters and man-made distasters in Indonesia: Disasters in Indonesia - Man-made disasters in Indonesia
Since May 2006 Sidoarjo mud flow: Since May 2006 Sidoarjo mud flow
Transport disasters in Indonesia: Transport disasters in Indonesia
Maritime incidents in Indonesia: Maritime incidents in Indonesia
Law enforcement in Indonesia: Law enforcement in Indonesia
Capital punishment in Indonesia: Capital punishment in Indonesia
Foreign relations of Indonesia: Foreign relations of Indonesia
Treaties of Indonesia: Treaties of Indonesia
Significant international memberships of Indonesia: Significant international memberships of Indonesia
Indonesia/United Nations relations: Indonesia and the United Nations
Since 1995 Southeast Asian Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty: Southeast Asian Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty
Bilateral relations of Indonesia: Bilateral relations of Indonesia
Indonesia/Australia relations: Indonesia/Australia relations
Indonesia/Burma relations: Indonesia/Burma relations - 12 May 2015: Fears up to 6,000 asylum seekers are trapped at sea off south-east Asia - 15 May 2015: Asian migrant crisis grows as 700 asylum seekers rescued off Indonesia and as Burma undermined calls for a coordinated response to the crisis by threatening to boycott a planned south-east Asia summit - 18 May 2015: Indonesia sends three warships and a plane to turn away migrant boats - 20 May: Indonesia and Malaysia have agreed to provide temporary shelter to thousands of migrants stranded at sea - 21 May: Indonesia’s FM Retno Marsudi, Malaysia’s FM and more foreign diplomats are converging on Burma, seeking to discuss the Asian migrant crisis which is widely believed to have its roots in the mass fleeing of the country’s persecuted Rohingya minority
Indonesia/PRC relations: Indonesia/PR China relations
March 2013 Hong Kong court ruling denies foreign domestic workers permanent residency: 25 March 2013: Hong Kong court ruling denies foreign domestic workers the right to apply for permanent residency
Indonesia/Germany relations: Indonesia/Germany relations
Trade and investment: Trade and investment
Indonesia/India relations: Indonesia/India relations
Economic relations: Economic relations
Indonesia/Netherlands relations: Indonesia/Netherlands relations
1945-1949 Indonesian National Revolution: Indonesian National Revolution 1945-1949
August 1945 Proclamation of Indonesian Independence: 17 August 1945 Proclamation of Indonesian Independence
Indonesia/Philippines relations: Indonesia/Philippines relations
Indonesia/Thailand relations: Indonesia/Thailand relations
1975-1976 Indonesian invasion of East Timor: Indonesian invasion of East Timor 1975-1976
Indonesia/USA relations: Indonesia/USA relations
Indonesia/Vietnam relations: Indonesia/Vietnam relations
Environment of Indonesia: Environment of Indonesia
Environmental issues in Indonesia: Environmental issues in Indonesia
Illegal logging in East Asia: Illegal logging in East Asia
1997 Southeast Asian haze and Indonesian forest fires: 1997 Indonesian forest fires - 1997 Southeast Asian haze - Asian brown cloud
2006 Southeast Asian haze: 2006 Southeast Asian haze
Global waste trade to Indonesia: Global waste trade to Asia
Natural disasters in Indonesia: Natural disasters in Indonesia
Earthquakes, tsunamis and volcano eruptions in Indonesia: Earthquakes in Indonesia
Sidoarjo mud flow since May 2006
2010 volcano eruptions: 2010 eruptions of Mount Merapi
September/October 2018 Sulawesi earthquake: 28 September 2018 Sulawesi earthquake - 28 septembre 2018: Un fort séisme de magnitude 7,5 a secoué vendredi l'île des Célèbes, au centre de l'Indonésie - 29 September 2018: At least 384 people have died after a magnitude-7.5 earthquake rocked Sulawesi island, destroying more than 1,000 buildings in the city of Palu, and triggered a tsunami - 30 September 2018: The death toll in Indonesia’s quake-tsunami disaster nearly doubled to more than 800 Sunday, as ill-equipped rescuers struggled to reach scores of trapped victims - 2 October 2018: Anger and desperation are growing in parts of Sulawesi as residents faced a fourth day without food and drinking water following earthquake, tsunami and aftershocks, as the official death toll from the disaster rose to 1,234
July 2019 Bali earthqake: July 2019 Bali earthqake
Tropical cyclones in Indonesia: Tropical cyclones in Indonesia
2013 Cyclone Narelle: January 2013 Cyclone Narelle
Floods and landslides in Indonesia: Floods in Indonesia
April 2021 Indonesia floods: April 2021 Indonesia floods


Iran - Geography of Iran - History of Iran - 1953 Iran coup d'etat - role of USA and UK - Background and causes of the Iranian Revolution 1979 - History of the Islamic Republic of Iran (since 1979) - Demographics of Iran
Industry of Iran: Industry of Iran
Steel industry of Iran: Steel industry and companies of Iran
List of military equipment manufactured in Iran: List of military equipment manufactured in Iran
April 2020 Iranian regime launched military satellite:
22 April 2020: Iran's Revolutionary Guard says it successfully launched military satellite, raising concerns among experts on whether the technology used could help regime develop intercontinental ballistic missiles
Chemical and pharmaceutical industry of Iran: Pharmaceutical companies of Iran
Construction industry of Iran: Construction industry of Iran
Construction and civil engineering companies of Iran: Construction and civil engineering companies of Iran
Irrigation in Iran: Irrigation in Iran
Livestock in Iran: Livestock in Iran
Food and drink companies of Iran: Food and drink companies of Iran
Fishing in Iran: Fishing in Iran
Water supply and sanitation in Iran: Water supply and sanitation in Iran
Transport disasters in Iran: Transport disasters in Iran
11 March 2018 Iran Bombardier Challenger crash: 11 March 2018 Iran Bombardier Challenger crash
Road incidents in Iran: Road incidents in Iran
Banking, insurance and financial services in Iran: Banking and insurance in Iran - Banks of Iran
Foreign trade of Iran and foreign investment: Foreign trade and economic relations - Foreign direct investment in Iran
Sanctions against Iran: Sanctions against Iran
Iranian trade in oil and oil products: Iranian trade in oil and oil products
Iranian arms sales:
Economic history, business cycles and unemployment in Iran: Economic history of Iran - Iran's successive economic plans 1991-2010, growth and unemployment
Military of Iran and 'Guardians of the Islamic Revolution': Military of Iran
Military budget of Iran: Military budget
Since 1979 Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps IRGC: Since 1979 Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps IRGC
Iranian navy aviation and equipment: Islamic Republic of Iran Navy Aviation and equipment
List of aircraft of the Iranian air force: List of aircraft of the Iranian Air Force
2017: 4 February 2017: Defiant Iran in missile exercise day after USA sanctions over a ballistic missile test launch - 9 March 2017: Defiant Iran successfully tests another ballistic missile despite sanctions - 22 July 2017: Iranian regime announces production of new missile, claiming 'completely indigenous’ Sayyad-3 an upgrade over previous version of air-to-surface missile - 29 July 2017: Iran vows to continue missile program ‘with full power’ - 22 September 2017: At a military parade Iranian regime shows a new ballistic missile with range of 2,000 km, capable of carrying several warheads and of reaching much of the Middle East, including Israel, according to an Iranian news agency - 23 September 2017: Iran tests new missile capable of reaching Israel - 14 December 2017: UN secretary general Antonio Guterres has warned that Iran may be defying a call to halt ballistic missile development and may have passed ballistic missiles to Yemen's Houthis, also saying that the Simorgh space launch vehicle that Iran launched on 27 July, if configured as a ballistic missile, is 'inherently capable of delivering nuclear weapons'
2018: 7 March 2018: Senior Iranian military official Hajizadeh said the regime has tripled its missile production, amid efforts by the international community to curb it - 2 June 2018: Iran reportedly still working to acquire WMD technology, trying to acquire software, sophisticated vacuum and control engineering technologies, measurement devices, advanced electrical equipment and conducting of missile tests - 11 August 2018: For the first time in 2018, Iran reportedly carried out a Fateh-110 short-range ballistic missile test at the Strait of Hormuz during a naval exercise, watched by the USA - 19 August 2018: Iranian regime says that the Islamic state was set to unveil a new fighter jet and, despite new USA sanctions, will continue developing its missile program - 1 December 2018: USA's Mike Pompeo said Iran tested multiple warhead missile which can hit Middle East and Europe, violating UN Security Council Resolution 2231, which was adopted as part of the 2015 nuclear deal, also warning that Iran’s missile testing and missile proliferation is growing
February 2019: 2 February 2019: Iranian regime unveils new cruise missile 'Hoveyzeh' on 40th anniversary of political overthrow, allegedly a high-precision weapon capable of carrying a large payload for up to 1,350 kilometers, after 'Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps' said Thursday his country has developed a 'strategic capacity' to destroy Israel - 4 February 2019: Iranian regime has equipped its most advanced, longest-range missiles Khoramshahr 2, which can hit Israel and USA bases in the Gulf, with new precision guided warheads, state media reported - 8 February 2019: Iranian regime unveils new ballistic surface-to-surface missile with a range of 1,000 kilometers and called Dezful, in secret 'underground city’ facility - 16 February 2019: Iran confirms second failed satellite launch - 24 February 2019: In first, Iran says cruise missile launched from new Fateh submarine during 3-day exercise in Persian Gulf, also including destroyers, surveillance planes and helicopters, as range of projectile is unknown by possibly targeted countries
Iran and weapons of mass destruction: Iran and weapons of mass destruction
Nuclear program of Iran: Nuclear program of Iran
Military budget of Iran: Military budget
Taxation and budget in Iran: Taxation in Iran
Tax advantages and exemptions in Iran: Tax advantages and exemptions in Iran
Public finance and fiscal policy in Iran: Public finance and fiscal policy in Iran
20th/21st century elections and appointments in Iran: Elections in Iran
Quraysh a mercantile Arab tribe and military, cruel traditions and following dynasties: Quraysh a mercantile Arab tribe that historically inhabited and controlled the city of Mecca and its Ka'ba, as all medieval Muslim sources agree that Qusayy unified Fihr's descendants, and established the Quraysh as the dominant power in Mecca - Since 305 Ka'b ibn Lu'ayy, born in in Mecca, an ancestor of the Islamic prophet Muhammad in Islamic tradition - Banu Hashim, the clan of the Quraysh tribe, to which the Islamic prophet Muhammad belonged, as his great-grandfather was Hashim ibn Abd Manaf, after whom the clan is named, and birth legend, as Islamic hagiographers give an exotic narration concerning the birth of Hashim, considered it to be a very bloody and cruel one, as narration states that Hashim and 'Abd Shams were conjoined twins born with Hashim's leg attached to his twin brother's head, and they had struggled in their mother's womb seeking to be firstborn - Dynasties of following Royal and Imperial dynasties claiming descent from Hashim in Arabia, Africa, Indo-Persia, East Asia
'Assembly of Experts': Assembly of Experts
Islamic Consultative Assembly (Iranian Parliament): Islamic Consultative Assembly (Iranian Parliament)
Government ministries and ministers of Iran: Government ministries of Iran - Government ministers of Iran
Since 2001 Ministry of Agriculture Jihad: Since 2001 Ministry of Agriculture Jihad
Ministry of Energy in Iran: Ministry of Energy in Iran
Since 1951 Ministry of Petroleum in Iran: Since 1951 Ministry of Petroleum in Iran
Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance in Iran: Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance in Iran
Since 2011 Ministry of Roads and Urban Development: Ministry of Roads and Urban Development
Since 2000 Ministry of Science, Research and Technology: Since 2000 Ministry of Science, Research and Technology in Iran
Since 1908 Ministry of Information and Communications Technology of Iran: Since 1908 Ministry of Information and Communications Technology of Iran
Since 1964 Ministry of Education: Since 1964 Ministry of Education
Since 1904 Ministry of Health and Medical Education: Since 1904 Ministry of Health and Medical Education
Since 1901 Ministry of Interior: Since 1901 Ministry of Interior
'Chain' assassinations and foreign executions: 'Chain' assassinations and foreign executions
Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Iran: Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Iran
Iranian presidential election 14 June 2013: Iranian presidential election 14 June 2013 - 16 May 2013: Ayatollah Mohammad Yazdi says women cannot be presidential candidates, as 30 women seek to run in the June 14 election - 22 May: Iran's Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani barred from standing for president - 23 May 2013: Zahra Mostafavi, the daughter of Ayatollah Khomeini, has protested against the disqualification of Rafsanjani from presidential election - 11 June: The sole reformist candidate in the June 14 presidential election Mohammad Aref quits presidential race, a move in favour of the moderate candidate Hassan Rowhani - 12 June: Four years after Iranians took to the streets to demonstrate against the results of the presidential election 2009, the authorities are taking no chances this time, keeping opposition leaders confined under house arrest with doors and windows welded shut - 14 June 2013: Iran begins voting to elect new president - 15 June 2013: Early vote count in Iran gives Hasan Rowhani wide lead - 15 June: Hassan Rowhani secured just over 50 percent of the ballot based on a 72% turnout of 50 million eligible voters, a mandate of the Iranian people for change, which will not be betrayed - 30 June: Rohani hints he will balance hard-line, reformist demands - 4 August 2013: New president Rouhani will be publicly inaugurated on Sunday after he was formally endorsed by Khameini on Saturday
18 June 2021 Iranian presidential election: 18 June 2021 Iranian presidential election - Potential candidates
'Supreme Leader', guardian council, president, government and politics of Iran: 'Supreme Leader' of Iran - Guardian Council - President of Iran - Government of Iran - Cabinet of Iran
2012: 17 August 2012: 'Cancerous tumour' Israel will soon be destroyed, says Ahmadinejad in Tehran marking Iran's Quds Day
2013: 5 February: President Ahmadinejad is accusing parliamentary speaker's family of corruption - 5 February: Former Tehran prosecutor Saeed Mortazavi, dismissed from his judicial post over the torture deaths of three protesters in custody after the 2009 elections and considered to be a close aide of President Ahmadinejad, has been arrested on Monday - 6 February: Saeed Mortazavi has been released after two days in prison, state media say - 27 February: Saeed Mortazavi, accused of being involved in deaths of anti-government protesters in 2009, appears in court - 2 August 2013: In Quds Day remarks broadcast on state TV and in one of his last public speeches Iran's outgoing President Ahmadinejad warns Israel will be 'uprooted' - 2 août 2013: Le nouveau président iranien Rohani a affirmé vendredi qu'Israël était un corps étranger qui devait être extirpé de la région, à la veille de sa prise de fonctions - 2 August 2013: After Israeli criticism, Iran's media changed their version of Rohani remarks, that Israel had inflicted a 'wound' on the Muslim world and that the Israeli wound 'must be cleansed', now taking out the reference to 'cleansing'
Since August 2013 Government of Hassan Rouhani: Government of Hassan Rouhani 2013–present - Confirmations of Hassan Rouhani's Cabinet
2016: 3 January 2016: Iran's Ayatollah Khamenei's threat of 'divine vengeance' for the execution of Sheikh Nimr al-Nimr in Saudi-Arabia - 26 January 2016: Iran stages large naval drill near Strait of Hormuz - 10 April 2016: Mehdi Karroubi, defeated by Mahmoud Ahmadinejad in 2009 presidential election and under house arrest since 2011, demands to be put on trial - 17 April 2016: As Iranian regime parades parts of advanced S-300 missile battery in Tehran marking the country’s annual Army Day, regimes' Rouhani says that Iran will aid countries seeking to combat Israel - 29 mai 2016: Mettant en œuvre une décision prise lors d'une réunion du Haut conseil du cyberespace dirigé par le président Hassan Rohani, l'Iran exige des réseaux sociaux étrangers de lui transférer d'ici un an leurs serveurs contenant les informations des utilisateurs iraniens
27/28 November 2020 regime’s Rouhani blames 'mercenary' Israel for killing of Fakhrizadeh: 28 November 2020: As Iranian regime’s Rouhani blames ‘mercenary’ Israel for killing of top nuclear scientist, another victim of regime's worldview, privileges and responsible one for regime's terror activities, Iran’s supreme leader Khamenei, vows revenge over slain 'Revolutionary Guard', calling for ‘punishing the perpetrators', saying Fakhrizadeh’s 'scientific' work will continue - On 27 November 2020 Mohsen Fakhrizadeh, Iranian nuclear physicist and brigadier general in the 'Iranian Revolutionary Guard', was ambushed while traveling in a vehicle on a rural road in Absard near Tehran and died - 21st century assassinations of Iranian nuclear 'scientists' preparing nuclear weapons and therefore destruction and mass murder
1 December 2020 Mullah regime's MPs chant 'Death to Israel’, advancing bill to stop UN nuclear inspections, stepping up enrichment: 1 December 2020: Iranian Mullah regime's MPs advance bill to stop UN nuclear inspections, step up enrichment, as lawmakers chant 'Death to Israel’ during session
12 December 2020 Mullah regime executes journalist Zam in 'a shocking escalation in the use of the death penalty as a weapon of repression': 12 December 2020: Mullah regime executed journalist Ruhollah Zam, marking 'a shocking escalation in the use of the death penalty as a weapon of repression'
31 May 2021 IAEA report says Iran fails to explain uranium traces found at several sites: 31 May 2021: Iran fails to explain uranium traces found at several sites, IAEA report says
23 September 2022 pro-government rallies have taken place in several cities across Iran: 23 September 2022: Pro-government rallies have taken place in several cities across Iran in an attempt to counter a week of mounting unrest triggered by the death of a woman in police custody. Marchers called for anti-government protesters to be executed, while the army signalled that it was prepared to crush dissent by telling Iranians that it would confront 'the enemies' behind the unrest. Demonstrators condemned the anti-government protesters as 'Israel’s soldiers', also shouting 'offenders of the Qur’an must be executed', 'death to America', and 'death to Israel', common slogans the country’s clerical rulers use to try and stir up support for authorities, who claimed the demonstrations of support were spontaneous.
9 October 2022 Iranian schoolchildren were being arrested inside school premises: 9 October 2022: Iranian schoolchildren were being arrested inside school premises on Sunday by security forces arriving in vans without licence plates, according to social media reports emerging from the country as protests against the regime entered their fourth week. The authorities also shut all schools and higher education institutions in Iranian Kurdistan on Sunday, a sign that the state remains concerned about dissent after weeks of protests over the death of Mahsa Amini, a 22-year-old Kurdish woman. Footage showed protests in dozens of cities across Iran early on Sunday, with hundreds of high-school girls and university students participating in the face of teargas, clubs, and, in many cases, live ammunition by the security forces, rights groups said.
12 December 2022 scores of executions feared in Iran as 23-year-old hanged in public killing: 12 December 2022: Fears are growing that Iran is preparing to execute scores more protesters after authorities hanged 23-year-old Majidreza Rahnavard from a crane, in a public killing carried out less than a month after he was arrested and following a secretive trial. The activist and protester Rahnavard was sentenced to death by a court in the city of Mashhad, a centre of the protests, for allegedly killing two members of the paramilitary Basij force and wounding four others. The Basij, affiliated with the country’s feared 'Revolutionary Guards', has been at the forefront of the state crackdown. The director of the Oslo-based group Iran Human Rights, Mahmood Amiry-Moghaddam, warned that the public execution of a young man so soon after his arrest indicated 'a significant escalation of the level of violence against protesters'. 'Rahnavard was sentenced to death based on coerced confessions, after a grossly unfair process and a show trial,” said Amiry-Moghaddam, a leading activist in exile. 'This crime must be met with serious consequences for the Islamic republic', also sayiang there was 'a serious risk of mass execution of protesters' as thousands were in custody.


2014: 3 February 2014: Iran opposition leader Mehdi Karroubi remains under house arrest - 11 February 2014: Iran has executed an Arab-Iranian poet and rights activist for 'waging war on God' and 'acting against national security' - 20 May: Hundreds of Iranian women are posting pictures of their bare heads in call for change to Iranian restriction on women attire in public - 1 June 2014: Iranian court sentences 8 Facebook users to up to 20 years in prison for criticizing the regime on Facebook - 9 June 2014: More than 140 Iranian journalists call on authorities to release Saba Azarpeik, who was picked up last month from the offices of a magazine in Tehran and is currently being held incommunicado - 9 July: Iranian journalist Marzieh Rasouli sentenced to 50 lashes and two years in prison over charges of spreading anti-government propaganda - 29 October 2014: After public outrage about a string of acid attacks in Isfahan, Iranian journalists detained after reporting on acid attacks
2015: 6 May 2015: Iranian rights activist Narges Mohammadi, a close associate of Nobel peace laureate Shirin Ebadi, arrested in Tehran at her home - 16 July: Warning from Iran's hardliners mars celebrations of July 2015 Vienna nuclear deal to end sanctions - 23 July 2015: More than 200 teachers were arrested by riot police during a protest outside the parliament in Tehran demanding the release of their colleagues such as Esmael Abdi, the head of the teachers union, from jail, activist group says - 12 August 2015: Iran refuses to free student activist Bahareh Hedayat after six years in jail despite the fact she should have been freed in June, while her husband is threatened for speaking out - 21 October 2015: Filmmaker Emad Tayefen, imprisoned several times and severely tortured, left Iran in August risking his life to complete 'Public Enemies', a documentary showcasing activists who don’t have the power to get heard - 29 October: Iran poets sentenced to 99 lashes for holding women’s hands amid widespread crackdown on free expression by judiciary and regime security services targeting activists, journalists and artists
2016: 18 January 2016: Iranian poets Fatemeh Ekhtesari and Mehdi Mousavi, facing lashings and prison sentences, have fled Iran, a rare escape for local artists and activists ensnared in an ongoing crackdown on expression in the country, as USA and European governments lift sanctions on Iran - 1 February 2016: A group of activists believe their collective experience in Iranian jails can help others and steer citizens away from recurrent pitfalls, since the Islamic regime expanded its use of tools after the unrests of 2009 to silence dissidents, including torture and capital punishment - 29 February: Iran's citizens turn to social media to take aim at conservative hardliners, sharing celebratory jokes and mocking memes - 27 April 2016: Three Iranian journalists Afarin Chitsaz, Ehsan Mazandarani and Saman Safarzaee given lengthy prison sentences, after a court in Tehran found the journalists guilty of charges including spreading propaganda against the ruling system, conspiring against officials and insulting authorities, and as the regime’s hardline judiciary tightens its grip on press freedom - 19 May 2016: 16-year-sentence against critically ill Iranian human rights activist Narges Mohammadi, for her work defending human and women’s rights, signals all-out repression
December 2017: 29 December 2017: Hundreds of people took to the streets of Mashhad, Iran's second largest city, to protest against high prices and the dire economic situation, shouting slogans against Rouhani and denouncing the regime’s intervention in neighboring countries - 30 December 2017: Demonstrators chanted anti-government slogans in several cities across Iran on Friday, as protests turned into the largest wave of demonstrations since nationwide pro-reform unrest in 2009, reflecting growing discontent over rising prices and alleged corruption, as well as concern about the regime’s costly involvement in regional conflicts such as those in Syria, Iraq and Yemen - 30 December 2017: Three Iranian protesters were shot dead by the regime's 'Revolutionary Guards' at a Saturday night demonstration in Doroud, in the Lorestan province in central Iran - 31 December 2017: 2 protesters confirmed killed and dozens arrested as demonstrations against cost of living, unemployment spread in Iran, where regime warns protesters will 'pay’, after there have been anti-Khamenei and anti-Suleimani chants and slogans opposing Iran’s regional policy, including 'Let go of Syria, think about us'
January 2018: 1 January 2018: At least 12 people have been killed in the ongoing protests in Iran, and armed protesters reportedly tried to take over police stations and military bases, according to state TV - 1 January 2018: More protesters killed in Iran as Rouhani's plea fails to dampen unrest - 2 January 2018: Nine more people reported dead in Iran and 450 arrested in the capital alone, as protests enter sixth day and Iranian regime blocks access to social networks - 3 January 2018: From headscarf politics to economic protests, Iranian women are leading from the front, as fearless females have been willing to confront the Islamic regime since it first came to power in 1979 - 3 janvier 2018: Même si Téhéran est peu touchée par les manifestations contre le pouvoir qui agitent depuis jeudi plusieurs villes d'Iran, les habitants de la capitale se plaignent de leur situation économique et réclament des actes au gouvernement - 9 January 2018: Human rights activists in Iran have raised concerns about mass arrests during the country’s largest protests in nearly a decade after at least three demonstrators believed to have been killed in custody in a notorious Tehran jail - 18 January 2018: An Iranian protester who died in custody was forced to take pills that made him sick, his family have claimed, as secrecy shrouds the similar deaths of other prisoners - 23 January 2018: Human rights attorney Nasrin Sotoudeh raised concern on Monday over the fate of a woman she said was arrested for posing without a headscarf in Tehran in an image that went viral around the world
December 2018 Iranian strikes and protests: December 2018 Iranian strikes and protests
18 November 2019: 18 November 2019: Protesters angered by Iran raising government-set gasoline prices by 50% blocked traffic in major cities and occasionally clashed with police after demonstrations punctuated by gunfire, in violence that reportedly killed at least one person, as videos circulate on social media showing protesters burning images of Iranian regime's Khamenei - 18 November 2019: At least 40 people have been killed in Iran since anti-protests erupted across the country on Friday, according to a report by opposition website Radio Farda which cites human rights organizations and videos on social media - 18 November 2019: Protests over gasoline prices have swept across some 100 cities and towns in Iran, turning violent faster than widespread economic protests in 2017 and rallies over the country’s disputed 2009 presidential election
28 September 2022 Iran sisters' version of 'Bella Ciao' adopted as resistance anthem by Mahsa Amini protesters: 28 September 2022: Iran sisters' version of 'Bella Ciao' adopted as resistance anthem by Mahsa Amini protesters
1 October 2022 protests enter 15th day in Iran amid lingering internet curbs, recorded across several cities: 1 October 2022: Protests enter 15th day in Iran amid lingering internet curbs, recorded across several cities, including Tehran, on Saturday, with Iranians abroad also organising demonstrations, following the the death of Mahsa Amini on September 16 after being in a coma that lasted three days. She had earlier suffered an apparent stroke after being detained by the country’s so-called morality police for wearing an 'improper hijab'.
5 October 2022 Iranian police deploy at universities as unrest over Mahsa Amini's death churns on: 5 October 2022: Iranian police deploy at universities as unrest over Mahsa Amini's death churns on
12 October 2022 'You know that you might never come back' but protests in Iran continue: 12 October 2022: Protests in Iran are continuing despite a crackdown by security forces that one human rights group says has killed at least 201 people. The unrest erupted in response to the death in custody of Mahsa Amini, a 22-year-old woman detained by the morality police for allegedly breaking the strict hijab rules. There are heavy restrictions on independent and foreign reporting in the country. But the BBC Today programme's Nick Robinson was able to interview Fawaz - not his real name - who has been protesting on the streets in Tehran. - 12 October 2022: Tales of bloody Iran protest crackdown at border crossing, as Soran raises two fingers to his left temple and motions firing a gun. 'If you talk, they will put a bullet in your head'.
27 October 2022 mourning of Mahsa Amini shows 'it's about a nation's quest for regime change': 27 October 2022: The mourning of Mahsa Amini shows 'it's beyond women's rights, it's about a nation's quest for regime change'
28 October 2022 deaths as regime opened fire on protesters in Zahedan, people in Mahabad also fired on: 28 October 2022: Iranian regime's forces have opened fired on protesters in Zahedan a month after a massacre that killed scores of people in the restive south-eastern city. There were reports of as many as six killed in Zahedan on Friday, including a 12-year-old boy. In a desperate attempt calm local anger, at midnight on Thursday the provincial authorities had suddenly sacked the chief of Zahedan police and a second senior officer due to 'deficiencies' in their handling of protests in the city on 30 September. In a highly unusual admission of fault on the part of Iran’s security apparatus, the provincial authorities admitted that police had been responsible for the death of as many. Crowds were also fired on in Mahabad, another city with a long history of resistance against the regime, in renewed deadly violence at the end of the sixth week of unrest sparked by the death in police custody of Mahsa Amini on 16 September.
31 October 2022 protests continue to be documented in cities across Iran this week: 31 October 2022: Protests that began last month in Iran after the death of a young woman in police custody continue to be documented in cities across the country this week, even as the first court hearings of protesters have been held and internet restrictions remain in effect. Videos posted on social media showed more protests at universities, especially in the capital Tehran and Sanandaj, the capital of the northwestern province Kurdistan, where 22-year-old Mahsa Amini was from. An unknown number of protesting students was suspended from universities this week, reports on social media and foreign-based outlets said. It prompted their fellow students to demonstrate on Monday in their support, according to images on social media.
4 December 2022 Iran to disband morality police amid ongoing protests, says attorney general: 4 December 2022: Iran's morality police, which is tasked with enforcing the country's Islamic dress code, is being disbanded, the country's attorney general Mohammad Jafar Montazeri reportedly says. Montazeri's comments, yet to be confirmed by other agencies, were made at an event on Sunday. Iran has seen months of protests over the death of Mahsa Amini in custody, who had been detained by the morality police for allegedly breaking strict rules on head coverings. Montazeri was at a religious conference when he was asked if the morality police was being disbanded, and ansered 'the morality police had nothing to do with the judiciary and have been shut down from where they were set up'. Even if the morality police is shut down this does not mean the decades-old law will be changed. Amini's death was the catalyst for the unrest but it also follows discontent over poverty, unemployment, inequality, injustice and corruption.
>5 December 2022 Iranian shopkeepers and truck drivers staged a walkout in nearly 40 cities and towns: 5 December 2022: Iranian shopkeepers and truck drivers staged a walkout in nearly 40 cities and towns on Monday after calls for a three-day nationwide general strike from protesters as the government declined to confirm a claim by a senior official that the morality police had been abolished. Iranian newspapers instead reported an increase in patrols, especially in religious cities, requiring women to wear the hijab, and shop managers being directed by the police to reinforce hijab restrictions. The confusion may be partly due to mixed messages being sent out by a divided regime as it seeks to quell the protests.
9 January 2023 protesters gather at Iranian prison in attempt to stop ‘imminent executions’: 9 January 2023: Protesters have gathered outside a prison near the Iranian capital in an attempt to prevent the rumoured imminent execution of two young detainees found guilty of running over a police officer in a car during protests in November. Footage posted on social media showed the mother of one of the men, 22-year-old Mohammad Ghobadlou, pleading for her son outside Rajaei-Shahr prison in Karaj, a satellite city west of Tehran. She said it had been established that her son had not been at the scene when the police officer died. Human rights activists had raised the alarm after Ghobadlou and fellow prisoner Mohammad Boroughani were taken to solitary confinement, which is often a preliminary step before execution.


Society, demographics, human rights and culture in Iran: Iranian society - Social class in Iran
Rural Districts of Iran: Rural Districts of Iran
List of cities in Iran: List of cities in Iran
18 October 2022 Iranian schoolgirl ‘beaten to death for refusing to sing’ pro-regime anthem in Ardabil: 18 October 2022: Another schoolgirl has reportedly been killed by the Iranian security services after she was beaten in her classroom for refusing to sing a pro-regime song when her school was raided last week, sparking further protests across the country this weekend. According to the Coordinating Council of Iranian Teachers’ Trade Associations, 16-year-old Asra Panahi died after security forces raided the Shahed girls high school in Ardabil on 13 October and demanded a group of girls sing an anthem that praises Iran’s supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. When they refused, security forces beat the pupils, leading to a number of girls being taken to hospital and others arrested. On Friday, Panahi reportedly died in hospital of injuries sustained at the school.
Khuzestan the major oil-producing region of Iran: Khuzestan is the major oil-producing region of Iran
Modern history and timeline of Ahvaz: Modern history and timeline of Ahvaz
20th/21st century history of Abadan city: History of Abadan city, as in the 20th century during World War II, Abadan was the site of brief combat between Iranian forces and British and Indian troops during the Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran. Later, Abadan was a major logistics centre for Lend-Lease aircraft being sent to the Soviet Union by the USA, as in 1951, Iran nationalised all oil properties and refining ground to a stop on the island. Rioting broke out in Abadan, after the government had decided to nationalise the oil facilities, and three British workers were killed. It was not until 1954 that a settlement was reached, which allowed a consortium of international oil companies to manage the production and refining on the island. In September 1980, Abadan was almost overrun during a surprise attack on Khuzestan by Iraq, marking the beginning of the Iran–Iraq War. For 12 months, Abadan was besieged, but never captured, by Iraqi forces, and in September 1981, the Iranians broke the siege of Abadan. Much of the city, including the oil refinery, which was the world's largest refinery with capacity of 628,000 barrels per day, was badly damaged or destroyed by the siege and by bombing. Prior to the war, the city's civilian population was about 300,000, but at the war's end nearly the entire populace had sought refuge elsewhere in Iran. After the war, the biggest concern was the rebuilding of Abadan's oil refinery. By 1997, the refinery reached the same rate of production as before the war. In the 21st century Abadan has been the site of major labour activity as workers at the oil refineries in the city have staged walkouts and strikes to protest non-payment of wages and the political situation in the country
23 May 2022 deadly building collapse in Abadan city amid heatwave and dust storms: 23 May 2022: At least ten people have been killed and dozens more are feared trapped after a 10-story building collapsed in Iran’s southwestern city of Abadan, as the head of the local branch of the Red Crescent said 32 people have been rescued from under the rubble so far and several taken to local hospitals, as large parts of the commercial Metropol building at the centre of the city were reduced to rubble, and TV were told up to 80 people may still be trapped, as rescue forces have been mobilised from across several provinces including Tehran, but the climate and weather are proving a real obstacle with dense, orange clouds of dust and pollutants permeating the air on a hot day reaching temperatures of about 45 degrees Celsius
Hormozgan province: Hormozgan province in the south of the country, in Iran's Region 2, facing Oman, UAE and the Hormuz Straits. Its area is 70,697 km2 and its provincial capital is Bandar Abbas. The province has fourteen islands in the Persian Gulf and 1,000 km of coastline. The province has 13 major cities including Bandar Abbas, Bandar Lengeh, Hajiabbad, Minab, Qeshm, Sardasht, Sirik, Jask, Bastak, Bandar Khamir, Parsian, Rudan, and Abumusa. The province has 13 counties, 69 municipalities, and 2,046 villages. In 2011 a little more than 1.5 million people resided in Hormozgan Province. The counties of Hormozgan Province are Parsian County, Bastak County, Bandar Lengeh County, Abumusa County, Qeshm County, Khamir County, Bandar Abbas County, Hajjiabad County, Rudan County, Minab County, Sirik County, Bashagard County and Jask County.
History of Hormozgan province: History of Hormozgan province, as Hormozgan is known to have been settled during the Achaemenid era when Nearchus passed through the region, but recorded history of the main port of Hormozgan (Bandar-e Hormoz) begins with Ardashir I of Persia of the Sassanid empire. The province is said to have been particularly prosperous between 241 BC and 211 BC, as 1497 Europeans landed in the region for the first time, headed by Vasco da Gama. In 1508 the Portuguese invaded the area with seven warships, under the pretext of protecting their interests from Egypt and Venice. The port of Hormuz at the time was considered strategically positioned for commercial interests in the Persian Gulf, later Britain took control over the entire Persian Gulf via the British East India Company. The British adopted policy encouraging local autonomy throughout the Persian Gulf to in order to prevent a formidable unified force. The strategic importance of the Persian Gulf further increased after World War I with the discovery of oil in the region.
Geography, climate and cities of Hormozgan province: Geography, climate and cities of Hormozgan province
Zanjan Province: Zanjan Province, a Northwestern Iranian province hosting a more than a million people. It is a mountainous province with close to 22,000 km2 of land placed in Iran's third region. Most of the inhabitants live in the two major cities of Zanjan and Abhar. One third of the population live in rural areas. Agriculture is the principal occupation, and crops include rice, corn (maize), oilseeds, fruits, and potatoes. Poultry, cattle, and sheep are raised. Manufactures include bricks, cement, milled rice, and carpets. Chromium, lead, and copper are mined, as Zanjan is also the home of IASBS, one of the most productive research centers of the country. Many villagers today are traditional carpet weavers. The province economy is benefiting from its location that connects central Iran to the northwestern provinces. The railway and highway that connects Iran's capital city Tehran to Tabriz, and Turkey passes through Zanjan Province.
Timeline of Tehran: Timeline of Tehran since 1533
March 1979 Iranian Islamic Republic referendum: March 1979 Iranian Islamic Republic referendum
2009/2010 Iranian presidential election protests: 2009-2010 Iranian presidential election protests
20 March 2020 protective face masks and gloves against Covid-19 ahead of Iranian New Year Nowruz in Tehran: 20 March 2020: People wear protective face masks and gloves as they walk at Tajrish market, ahead of the Iranian New Year Nowruz in Tehran
1 July 2020 gas leak at Sina At’har clinic in Tehran kills 15 women and 4 men: 1 July 2020: Gas leak at Sina At’har clinic in northern Tehran kills 15 women and four men, say fire officials


Romani in Iran: Romani in Iran - Persian Romani
Languages of Iran: Languages of Iran
Theatre in Iran: Theatre in Iran
Music of Iran: Music of Iran
Architecture of Iran: Architecture of Iran
Unesco Heritage Sites in Iran: List of World Heritage Sites in Iran
Women in Iran: Women in Iran
Women's rights and women's rights movement in Iran: Women's rights in Iran - Women's rights movement in Iran
Voting rights, marriage law, divorce law: Voting rights, marriage law, divorce law
September 2008 Iranian parliament delays vote on bill that upset judiciary, women's activists: 3 September 2008: Iranian parliament delays vote on bill that upset judiciary, women's activists opposing polygamy
Women's education in Iran, economic and political rights: Women's education in Iran, economic and political rights, Hijab
January/February 2018 from headscarf politics to economic protests Iranian women are leading from the front: 3 January 2018: From headscarf politics to economic protests, Iranian women are leading from the front, as fearless females have been willing to confront the Islamic regime since it first came to power in 1979 - 29 January 2018: A second woman has been arrested in Iran for protesting against the country’s compulsory hijab rules after taking off her headscarf in Tehran and holding it aloft on a stick - 2 février 2018: La police iranienne a arrêté une trentaine de femmes à Téhéran pour avoir enlevé leur voile en public pour protester contre son port obligatoire depuis la prise de pouvoir islamique de 1979 - 2 February 2018: Women across the country have been protesting by climbing onto telecom boxes, taking off their headscarves and waving them aloft on sticks, as new wave of protests is sparking personal freedoms debate
April 2019 woman who took off her headscarf sentenced to one year: 14 April 2019: Iranian woman Vida Movahed who took off her headscarf sentenced to year in prison
23 August 2024 fears grow for women’s rights activists jailed in Iran after 87 executions in one month: 23 August 2024: Fears grow for women’s rights activists jailed in Iran after at least 87 people were reportedly executed in July, with another 29 executed on one day this month. The mass executions included Reza Rasaei, a young man sentenced to death for his participation in the Woman, Life, Freedom protests. Human rights organisations fear further executions in the lead-up the second anniversary of Mahsa Amini’s death in custody and the unprecedented nationwide protests that followed. Amini, who was 22, had been arrested for allegedly violating Iran’s strict dress code before she died in September 2022. About 70 women are now reported to be held as political prisoners in Iran’s notorious Evin prison, including two who have been given death sentences: the Iranian Kurdish journalist Pakhshan Azizi and the industrial engineer and women’s rights activist Sharifeh Mohammadi. A further two activists – Varisheh Moradi and Nasim Gholami Simiyari – have been given the same charges but are still to discover if they will be sentenced to death.
Violence against women and domestic violence in Iran: Violence against women and domestic violence in Iran - Violence against women in Asia
Children and children's rights in Iran: Children and the Rights of the Child in Iran
18 October 2022 Iranian schoolgirl ‘beaten to death for refusing to sing’ pro-regime anthem in Ardabil: 18 October 2022: Another schoolgirl has reportedly been killed by the Iranian security services after she was beaten in her classroom for refusing to sing a pro-regime song when her school was raided last week, sparking further protests across the country this weekend. According to the Coordinating Council of Iranian Teachers’ Trade Associations, 16-year-old Asra Panahi died after security forces raided the Shahed girls high school in Ardabil on 13 October and demanded a group of girls sing an anthem that praises Iran’s supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. When they refused, security forces beat the pupils, leading to a number of girls being taken to hospital and others arrested. On Friday, Panahi reportedly died in hospital of injuries sustained at the school.
Military use of children in Iran: Military use of children in Iran
Child labor in Iran: Child labor in Iran
Early marriage in Iran: Early marriage in Iran
Children and gender discrimination in Iran: Children and gender discrimination in Iran
Education in Iran: Education in Iran
Schools in Iran: Schools in Iran
2014 Iranian teacher builds robot to teach prayer: 25 February 2014: Iranian teacher builds robot to teach prayer
Science and technology in Iran: Science and technology in Iran
Health in Iran: Health in Iran
Health disasters and medical outbreaks in Iran: Health disasters in Iran - Medical outbreaks in Iran
15 April 2020 parliament says covid-19 deaths nearly double reported figures: 15 April 2020: Iranian parliament says covid-19 deaths nearly double reported figures
26 April 2020 more than 90,000 covid-19 cases and 5,700 deaths in Iran: 26 avril 2020: L'Iran franchit le cap des 90'000 infections du covid-19 et plus de 5700 morts
Water supply, sanitation and water crisis in Iran: Water supply and sanitation in Iran - Water crisis in Iran
1 July 2020 gas leak at Sina At’har clinic in Tehran kills 15 women and 4 men: 1 July 2020: Gas leak at Sina At’har clinic in northern Tehran kills 15 women and four men, say fire officials
Medical schools in Iran: Medical schools in Iran
Football in Iran: Football in Iran
22 November 2022 refusal of Iran’s football team to sing national anthem reflects growing outrage towards rulers: 22 November 2022: 11 men defied their leaders in a show of solidarity with protests which have been led by women, but have drawn support from across society. What began as a rejection of the compulsory hijab in Iran has become a collective expression of fury with the repressive regime. Not one member of the Iranian football team sang the national anthem when it was played before their World Cup match against England. Earlier, Ehsan Hajsafi, the Iranian captain, said bereaved families should know 'that we are with them'. There was heavy booing of the anthem by the large Iranian crowd inside the stadium, and some of the spectators held placards saying 'Women, life and freedom'. Others chanted the name of Ali Karimi, the Iranian former player and coach who has become an outspoken supporter of the protests and who on Saturday called for Iranians to take to the streets over the way in which the army had poured into the Iranian Kurdish town of Mahabad.
Women, sport, and women's sport in Iran: Women's sport in Iran
January 2020 Iran reportedly banned from hosting international soccer: 17 January 2020: Iran says it’s been banned from hosting international soccer
Iranian boycotts of Israel in sports: Boycotts of Israel in sports by country
2013-2015: 28 August 2013: More than 40 percent of Iranians watch TV channels beamed into Iran and accessible only by illegal but widespread satellite dishes, media reports say - 28 October 2013: Iran bans reformist newspaper 'Bahar' for publishing an article seen by critics as questioning the beliefs of Shia Islam - 11 November 2013: Iran arrests Ali Asghar Gharavi, the author of Bahar's article on Shiite Islam - 9 June 2014: More than 140 Iranian journalists call on authorities to release Saba Azarpeik, who was picked up last month from the offices of a magazine in Tehran and is currently being held incommunicado - 9 July: Iranian journalist Marzieh Rasouli sentenced to 50 lashes and two years in prison over charges of spreading anti-government propaganda - 29 October 2014: After public outrage about a string of acid attacks in Isfahan, Iranian journalists detained after reporting on acid attacks - 1 February 2015: Iranians could get the truth about Holocaust as documentary airs over satellite TV after the first Iranian film crew visited Auschwitz in January 2015 - 31 March 2015: A Canada-based Iranian writer and television producer was put into Tehran's notorious Evin prison soon after his return to his home country - 18 November 2015: Iranian journalist Reyhaneh Tabatabaei sentenced to jail after being found guilty of spreading propaganda against the Islamic Republic - 22 November: An Iranian court has sentenced Washington Post reporter Jason Rezaian to a prison term
2016: 22 February 2016: Forty state-run media outlets in Iran have pooled together to raise $600,000 to add to the fatwa on writer Salman Rushdie, 27 years after Iran’s first supreme leader, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, called for Rushdie’s assassination - 27 April 2016: Three Iranian journalists Afarin Chitsaz, Ehsan Mazandarani and Saman Safarzaee given lengthy prison sentences, after a court in Tehran found the journalists guilty of charges including spreading propaganda against the ruling system, conspiring against officials and insulting authorities, and as the regime’s hardline judiciary tightens its grip on press freedom - 29 mai 2016: Mettant en œuvre une décision prise lors d'une réunion du Haut conseil du cyberespace dirigé par le président Hassan Rohani, l'Iran exige des réseaux sociaux étrangers de lui transférer d'ici un an leurs serveurs contenant les informations des utilisateurs iraniens - 24 juillet 2016: Les autorités iraniennes ont détruit 100'000 antennes paraboliques et autre matériel de réception de la télévision par satellite
Broadcasting in Iran: Radio in Iran - Television in Iran
Internet and internet censorship in Iran: Internet in Iran
Internet censorship in Iran: Internet censorship in Iran - Iranian Cyber Police
Iranian news websites: Iranian news websites
Blogging in Iran - timeline since 2001: Blogging in Iran - timeline since 2001
Since 2004 Iran Human Rights Documentation Center: Since 2004 Iran Human Rights Documentation Center
2017/2018 HRW Iran report: Human Rights Watch 2017/2018 Iran report
Secularism in Iran: Secularism in Iran
Persecution of Christians in Iran: Persecution of Christians in Iran
Stoning in Iran: Stoning in Iran
2015: 18 February 2015: UN urges Iran not to execute Kurdish juvenile, set to be killed for membership in Party of Free Life of Kurdistan and clashes with Revolutionary Guards 5 years ago - 11 March 2015: At least 753 executions in Iran in 2014, the highest numbers in more than 15 years, Iran Human Rights group's annual report says - 2 July 2015: Iran executes hundreds in brutal crane hangings at prison outside Tehran, as rights group warns that at least 1,900 people have been executed in Iran since President Hassan Rouhani took office in June 2013 - 27 October 2015: UN investigator Ahmed Shaheed says executions in Iran have been rising at 'an exponential rate' since 2005 and could top 1,000 this year as the country cracks down on drug offenders - 30 December 2015: IHRDC Chart of Executions by the Islamic Republic of Iran documenting 957 executions in 2015
2016: 26 February 2016: Iran executed all adult men in one village for drug offences, official reveals, as rights group says it had recorded 'a staggering execution rate' in the Islamic republic in 2015 - 10 March 2016: Executions in Iran surged to nearly 1,000 in 2015, UN special rapporteur for human rights in Iran Ahmed Shaheed, says in a report to the organization’s Human Rights Council, the highest level in more than a quarter-century - 15 May 2016: In the past three days, Iran's clerical regime has put four more prisoners to death as the regime’s judiciary roles ahead full force with capital punishment for even petty charges - 6 August 2016: Mass executions continue under 'moderate' Rouhani, as regime carried out execution of 33 Sunni Kurds behind closed doors, not even allowing many families a chance to say goodbye - 7 August 2016: Iranian nuclear scientist Shahram Amiri, whose disappearance in Saudi Arabia in 2009 and subsequent return was shrouded in mystery, has been executed in Iran after returning to Iran from USA, receiving a hero’s welcome in Tehran and being portrayed as someone who had fled the enemy's captivity
12 September 2020 Iranian champion wrestler Navid Afkari executed despite global outcry: 12 September 2020: Iranian champion wrestler Navid Afkari executed despite global outcry
Crime in Iran: Crime in Iran
Corruption and fraud in Iran: Corruption in Iran
Smuggling in Iran: Smuggling in Iran
Iranian regime's use of 'targeted killing' and assassinations conducted by the Islamic Republic of Iran: Iranian regime's use of 'targeted killing' - List of Iranian assassinations, conducted by the Islamic Republic of Iran
Iran and state-sponsored terrorism: Iran and state-sponsored terrorism
Man-made disasters in Iran: Man-made disasters in Iran
Nuclear program of Iran: Nuclear program of Iran
2012: 1. Januar 2012: Iran beginnt mit Raketentests im persischen Golf - 10 janvier: L'Iran a entamé la production controversée d'uranium enrichi à Fordo - 11 January: USA condemns bomb attack on Iran nuclear scientist in north Tehran - 30 January: IAEA team in Iran for nuclear talks - 1 February: Head of IAEA mission to Iran Herman Nackaerts expresses optimism about recent trip to Iran, but says there is still 'a lot of work' to be done planning further talks - 20. Februar: IAEA-Atomexperten erneut in Teheran, um die militärische Dimension des iranischen Atomprogramms zu untersuchen - 22 février: L'Agence internationale de l'énergie atomique IAEA "regrette" l'absence d'un accord avec l'Iran sur la suite des discussions concernant le programme nucléaire - 24 February: New report from nuclear watchdog IAEA finds that Tehran has continued with its uranium enrichment drive - 6 March: IAEA head Yukiya Amano says there are indications of unspecified 'activities' at military site which inspectors want to visit - 21 May: UN nuclear chief 'positive' over Iran talks - 25 May: Another meeting in Moscow next month for Iran nuclear talks - 8 June: Talks on Iran's nuclear programme in Vienna have ended with 'no progress', according to the IAEA - 14 June: Iran starts designing nuclear submarine engine - 19 juin: Lors de la réunion à Moscou, l'Iran et une délégation de six pays, dont la France, ne sont pas parvenus à s'entendre sur le programme nucléaire de Téhéran - 24. August 2012: Grosse Meinungsverschiedenheiten zwischen Iran und IAEA nach Gesprächen in Wien - neues Treffen derzeit nicht geplant - 29 August: IAEA sets up special Iran Task Force - 30 August: IAEA report says Iran has doubled uranium-enrichment centrifuges to 2.000 since May - 10. September: Yukiya Amano (IAEA) enttäuscht über den Mangel an Fortschritten in den Atomgesprächen mit Iran - 14 septembre: l'Iran doit "comprendre le message" et coopérer selon le chef de l'AIEA - 17 November: IAEA says Tehran now capable of significantly expanding uranium enrichment after equipping key plant
2013: 18 January 2013: The IAEA says its team had not been granted the access they have long sought to a military site - 22 February: Iran has begun installing advanced centrifuges at its main uranium enrichment plant, the UN nuclear watchdog says - 15 mai 2013: L'AIEA annonce l'échec de sa dixième réunion avec l'Iran à propos d'un accord devant lui permettre de vérifier si l'Iran a cherché ou non à mettre au point l'arme atomique - 23 May: Iran is pressing ahead with the construction of a research reactor that experts say could produce plutonium for a nuclear weapon if Tehran decides to make one - 3 June: The IAEA and Iran are 'going around in circles' after 10 failed meetings on Tehran's suspected nuclear weapons research, the head of the IAEA Yukiya Amano says - 10 June 2013: Iran's Russian-built Bushehr nuclear power plant has suffered a malfunction in its main generator - 17 June: Iran nuclear programme advances despite sanctions, IAEA chief says - 11 July: Iran exile group claims evidence of hidden nuclear site calling on the IAEA to visit the site
September/October 2013: 9 septembre: L'épineux dossier du nucléaire iranien sera de nouveau sur l'ordre du jour de l'AIEA - 10 September: Iran's new President Rouhani says that the regime will not give up 'one iota' of its nuclear rights, echoing his hardline predecessor, after the UN atomic watchdog urged improved cooperation - 19 September: President Rouhani says, that Iran will never seek weapons of mass destruction including nuclear weapons - 23 September 2013: Iran to take control of Russian-built nuclear power station at Bushehr on its Gulf coast - 27 septembre: L'AIEA reprend ses discussions avec l'Iran, l'occasion pour l'Iran de faire un premier geste concret - 15 October: Iran's regime will face pressure on Tuesday to propose scaling back its nuclear programme to win relief from sanctions as talks with world powers resume - 15 octobre: La France doute des bonnes intentions à l’égard des négociations sur le nucléaire iranien - 16 October: Iran, world powers to hold next nuclear talks on November 7-8 - 22 October: Bushehr nuclear plant to begin producing fuel in three months, says Iran nuclear chief
2015 'Comprehensive agreement on the Iranian nuclear program' and 'Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action' - 3 April 2015: IAEA welcomes framework agreement on Iran's nuclear program reached on Thursday in Lausanne, in which Iran is set to allow the agency more access to its nuclear sites - 8 April: Iran's regime will start using fastest centrifuges on day Lausanne deal takes effect - 19 April 2015: Foreign inspectors would be barred from military sites in the country under any nuclear agreement with world powers, Iran official says - 15 May 2015: Iranian government attempted to purchase technology that can be used in its nuclear program using false documentation, UN sanctions compliance panel says - 2 June 2015: Russia to begin building Iran’s second nuclear power plant in Bushehr region later this year - 28 October 2015: Former Iran leader Akbar Rafsanjani tells state-run news agency country pursued nuclear weapon, in contravention of repeated assurances by the regime that its enrichment program is and always has been peaceful - 3 December 2015: Iran worked on developing nuclear weapons, with some activities continuing up to 2009, according to IAEA report, after Iran has consistently denied any interest in nuclear arms or past work on such weapons
10 November 2019 2nd Bushehr nuclear power reactor with Russian regime's help: 10 November 2019: Iran begins building 2nd nuclear power reactor at Bushehr with Russian regime's help
Foreign relations of Iran: Foreign relations of Iran
Treaties of Iran: Treaties of Iran
International views on the nuclear program of Iran: International views on the nuclear program of Iran
Iran International organization participation: Iran International organization participation
Iran/OIC Organisation of Islamic Cooperation relations: Member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
1980-1991 UN Security Council resolutions concerning the Iran–Iraq War: UN Security Council resolutions concerning the Iran–Iraq War
UN and EU sanctions against Iran - meetings, negotiations and conferences: Sanctions against Iran
2012/2013: 14 April 2012: The five permanent members of the UN Security Council and Germany will meet the Iranian delegation again in the Iraqi capital Baghdad on May 23 - 22. August 2012: Sucht Ban Ki Moon mit seiner Iran-Reise Ende August das besorgte 'Fachgespräch' über Krebsgeschwüre und Chemotherapie? - 26 February 2013: Iran, world powers begin nuclear talks in Kazakhstan - 27 February: Iran nuclear talks end without progress - 5 April 2013: World powers resume talks with Iran in the Kazakh city of Almaty, aiming to resolve dispute over Iranian nuclear programme - 6 April: World powers and Iran failed again to ease their decade-old dispute over Tehran's disputed nuclear programme - 2 October: Iran now has a window of opportunity to prove its nuclear program is for peaceful purposes, UN's Ban Ki-moon reportedly told PM Benjamin Netanyahu during their meeting in New York - 24 October 2013: No progress for now on Iran rights situation, UN envoy Ahmed Shaheed wrote in a report - 9 November: Iran nuclear talks stretched into a third day in Geneva on Saturday as diplomats pressed for a deal, warning that major obstacles remain - 9 November: France’s FM Fabius accused by Iran of defending Israel after he said that Israel’s 'concerns' needed to be taken into consideration in nuclear talks - 10 November 2013: Iran nuclear talks end without deal, talks to resume on 20 November - 11 November: World powers demand Iran suspend work on Arak reactor, which could be used to manufacture plutonium - 22/23 November: Talks on Iran’s contested nuclear programme in Geneva continue - 24 November: Iran struck a landmark interim deal with the USA and five other countries, committing to halt the expansion of its uranium enrichment - 27 November: Iran will press on with construction at the nuclear reactor site at Arak, Iranian FM Zarif says, despite an agreement with Western powers to halt activity - 13 December 2013: UN committee says it welcomes recent Iran deal but warns that Security Council sanctions are still in place
2014/2015: 13 January 2014: Iran nuclear deal to take effect on January 20 - 20 January: EU and USA suspend sanctions against Iran after IAEA confirmed Iran's regime has begun halting sensitive nuclear activities - 12 March 2014: UN's Ban Ki-moon rebukes Iranian president for human rights failings and condemns abuse, executions, unfair trials and bias against minorities - 22 March 2015: As Iranian regime wants to get 'insulting' UN sanctions lifted 'on day one' of any deal, UN sanctions emerge as possible snag against bad deal because they are based on the UN atomic watchdog saying it is unable to guarantee that Iran’s nuclear program is entirely peaceful - 30 March: March 31 deadline looms for P5+1 and Iran nuclear talks in Lausanne - 31 March: P5+1 and Iran nuclear talks in Lausanne in a last-ditch effort to reach a breakthrough in stalled negotiations - 1 April: Controversial messages from Iran talks as high-level meeting adjourned - 2 April: No breakthrough in Iran nuclear talks after all-night negotiations - 3 April 2015: IAEA welcomes that Iran is set to allow the agency more access to its nuclear sites in a framework agreement on Iran's nuclear program reached on Thursday in Lausanne E3+3 and Iran negotiations - 30 April: Britain has informed a UN sanctions panel of an active Iranian nuclear procurement network linked to two blacklisted firms, according to a confidential report by the panel - 21 May 2015: Iran wants 24-day warning ahead of nuclear inspections and rules out cooperation with UN experts over probes at military sites
2016: 16 January 2016: IAEA satisfied with Iranian regime’s moves to comply with some UN nuclear watchdog's demands, but hopes that it would bring movement in other realms remain unfulfilled, nevertheless USA and European officials in Vienna immediately announced that deal was officially implemented, and that nuclear sanctions on the regime had been removed - 11 March 2016: As Iranian regime insists missiles emblazoned with 'Israel must be wiped out' are 'for legitimate defense', UN's Ban Ki-moon urges Iranian 'moderation' after missile tests, calling on the Iranian regime and its 'moderates' 'not to increase tensions through hasty actions' so soon after nuclear deal 'and so soon after the positive news of the lifting of sanctions against Iran' - 30 March: By launching nuclear-capable missiles Iran has defied a UN Security Council resolution that endorsed last year's historic nuclear deal, the USA and its European allies say in a joint letter - 19 July 2016: Iranian regime defends international deal's secret document easing nuke program restrictions, as FM Zarif says paper obtained by AP that shows Iran will be able to get within 6 months of a bomb in a decade is a 'matter of pride’
Bilateral relations of Iran: Bilateral relations of Iran
Iran/Afghanistan relations: Iran/Afghanistan relations
Afghan and Taliban opium smuggling into Iran: Afghan and Taliban opium smuggling into Iran
Iran/Arab relations: Iran/Arab relations
Iran/Argentina relations: Iran/Argentina relations
12 April 2024 Argentina court blames Iran for deadly 1994 bombing of Jewish center carried out by Hezbollah: 12 April 2024: A new ruling by Argentina’s highest criminal court has blamed Iran for the fatal 1994 attack against a Jewish community center in Buenos Aires, declaring it a 'crime against humanity' in a decision that paves the way for victims to seek justice. That huge blast at the Argentinian Israelite Mutual Association (AMIA), was blamed on a suicide bomber driving a stolen van loaded with explosives. It killed 85 people, wounded 300 and devastated Latin America’s biggest Jewish community. In their ruling late on Thursday, the judges ruled that the bombing was carried out by the Shia militant organization Hezbollah and responded to a 'political and strategic design' by Iran. The court said the attack came in retaliation for Argentina reneging on a nuclear cooperation deal with Tehran. Representatives from Argentina’s Jewish community said the court ruling was “historic” and “unique” because it opened the door for the victims’ relatives to bring lawsuits against the Islamic Republic.
Iran/Australia relations: Iran/Australia relations
Iran/Canada relations: Iran/Canada relations
Iran/Chile relations:
Iran/P.R. of China relations: Iran/P.R. of China relations
PRC-Iran economic, military and nuclear relations: PRC-Iran economic, military and nuclear relations
Since 1970s Chinese-Iranian oil and gas trade: Since 1970s Chinese-Iranian oil and gas trade
Since the 1980s Chinese-Iranian nuclear and nuclear weapons cooperation: Since the 1980s Chinese-Iranian nuclear and nuclear weapons cooperation
January 2019 China's Huawei charged with conspiring to violate Iran sanctions: 29 January 2019: USA charges China's Huawei with conspiring to violate Iran sanctions
Iran/Cyprus relations: Iran/Cyprus relations
div>July 2012 Cyprus terrorist plot: July 2012 Cyprus terrorist plot after in the months preceding the disruption of the terrorist plot in Cyprus, Hezbollah and Iran were implicated in terrorist attacks and plots against Israeli targets in Thailand, India, Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Kenya
Iran/Denmark relations: Iran/Denmark relations
Iran/Egypt relations: Iran/Egypt relations
Iran/European Union relations: Iran/European Union relations
21 December 2024 Iranian Mullah regime is hiring minors to attack Israeli, Jewish targets in Europe: 21 December 2024: Iranian Mullah regime is hiring minors to attack Israeli, Jewish targets in Europe, as Iranian-linked operatives have been recruiting minors for attacks on Israeli and Jewish institutions across Europe. A troubling pattern of incidents in Sweden, Belgium, and Norway has exposed a covert campaign by Tehran to expand its proxy war against Israel into European territories. In Stockholm, a 15-year-old boy boarded a taxi in May with a loaded gun and asked to be taken to the Israeli embassy. However, the teenager, unaware of the embassy’s exact location, had to call an associate for directions. Swedish police, who had been monitoring the boy, stopped the cab before it reached the destination
Iran/France relations: Iran/France relations
2012/2013: 19 février 2012: Téhéran stoppe ses ventes de pétrole à la France et au Royaume-Uni - 8 novembre 2012: La France demande des explications à Téhéran sur la mort d'un blogueur emprisonné - 14 novembre 2012: La justice iranienne a annoncé l'arrestation de 'plusieurs personnes' à la suite de la mort en détention du blogueur Sattar Beheshti - 15 June 2013: As jubilant supporters took to the streets of Teheran to celebrate a victory of the Iranian people and the dawning of a new era, France and Britain acknowledged Hassan Rohani’s election as Iran’s next president, looking ahead to establishing a relationship with him - 15 octobre 2013: La France doute des bonnes intentions à l’égard des négociations sur le nucléaire iranien - 9 November 2013: France’s FM Fabius accused by Iranian regime of defending Israel after he said that Israel’s 'concerns' needed to be taken into consideration in nuclear talks
December 2019 French pair held in Iran lose bid for bail: 11 December 2019: French pair held in Iran on spying charges lose bid for bail
4 February 2021 Iranian official Assadi convicted of masterminding a thwarted bomb attack against opposition group in France in 2018: 4 February 2021: Iranian official Assadollah Assadi was convicted of masterminding a thwarted bomb attack against an exiled Iranian opposition group in France in 2018 and sentenced to 20 years in prison by a Belgian court that rejected his claim of diplomatic immunity, as three other defendants also received jail sentences, after Vienna-based diplomat Assadi, earlier detained in Belgium but refused to testify during his trial last year invoking his diplomatic status, did not attend the hearing at the Antwerp courthouse - 4 February 2021: Iranian 'diplomat' Assadi who masterminded a failed bomb attack at a rally outside Paris attended by five British MPs has been sentenced to 20 years in jail by a Belgian court for attempted murder and involvement in terrorism
Iran/Germany relations: Iran/Germany relations
Iran/Greece relations: Iran/Greece relations
27/28 May 2022 Iranian regime boarded and captured two Greek ships worth carrying $1.8 million of oil: On 27 May 2022 Iranian Mullah regime's 'Navy of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps - officially abbreviated NEDSA' - boarded and captured two Greek ships worth carrying $1.8 million of oil after USA seized Russian oil tanker transporting Iranian oil near Greece - 28 May 2022: Iran’s paramilitary Revolutionary Guard seized two Greek oil tankers Friday in helicopter-launched raids in the Persian Gulf. The action appeared to be retaliation for Athens’ assistance in USA's seizure of crude oil from an Iranian-flagged tanker this week in the Mediterranean Sea over violating Washington’s crushing sanctions on the Islamic Republic. The Mullah regime's raid also marks the first major incident at sea in months as tensions remain high between Tehran regime and the West over its tattered nuclear deal with world powers.
Iran/India relations: Iran/India relations
July 2012 India bans USA-sanctioned Iranian ships from its waters: 27 July 2012: India bans USA-sanctioned Iranian ships from its waters
11 April 2021 Iranian terror is an immediate threat to Israeli interests in India: 11 April 2021: Iranian terror is an immediate threat to Israeli interests in India, according to 'Haaretz'
2014-present Iranian intervention in Iraq: Iranian intervention in Iraq (2014–present)
2014: 5 janvier: L'Iran a annoncé être prêt à fournir des équipements militaires et des conseils à l'Irak pour l'aider dans sa lutte contre Al-Qaïda - 25 February: Iraq broke UN embargo on Iran by purchasing weapons worth $195 million - 13 June: Iran's regime sends top general to Baghdad as Obama contemplates air strikes against Sunni insurgents, joinging the fighting - 14 June: Iran's regime has sent 2,000 advance troops to Iraq to fight against Isis insurgency - 25 June: Gunmen kill three Iranian security guards in an ambush near the Iraqi border - 26 June: Iran reportedly sends drones, arms to Iraq - 3 July: Iran has supplied Iraq with Russian-built Sukhoi SU-25 attack jets - 6 July: Iranian pilot killed fighting against Sunni Muslim militants in Samarra north of Baghdad - 3 December: Iran has flown missions against ISIS, USA confirms - 6 December: Iran says it carried out air strikes against 'Islamic 'State' in Iraq
Iran/Israel relations: Iran/Israel relations
2013: 21 March 2013: Iran's clerical leader Khamenei said the Islamic Republic would destroy the cities of Tel Aviv and Haifa if it came under Israeli attack - 2 August 2013: In Quds Day remarks broadcast on state TV and in one of his last public speeches Iran's outgoing President Ahmadinejad warns Israel will be 'uprooted' - 2 August: After Israeli criticism, Iran's media changed their version of Rohani remarks, that Israel had inflicted a 'wound' on the Muslim world and that the Israeli wound 'must be cleansed', now taking out the reference to 'cleansing' - 5 August: Iran arrests man on charges of allegedly spying for Israel - 29 August: Iran's army chief of staff Hassan Firouzabadi threatens that any military action against Syria will have consequences beyond the region and leave Israel in flames - 6 September: "We condemn the massacre of Jews by the Nazis, and we condemn the massacre of Palestinians by the Zionists," Iranian FM Mohammad Javad Zarif says - 19 September: Rohani says Iran wants peace, but slams Israel as 'occupier that does injustice to the people of the region' - 25 September: During the 68th Session of the UN General Assembly Obama and Rowhani offer hope for peace - 25 September: Israel says Iran president offered 'zero' in UN speech - 2 October: PM Netanyahu at UN makes strongest-ever Israeli public threat to attack Iran’s nuclear facilities - 2 October: Iran now has a window of opportunity to prove its nuclear program is for peaceful purposes, UN's Ban Ki-moon reportedly told PM Benjamin Netanyahu during their meeting in New York - 9 November: France’s FM Fabius accused by Iran of defending Israel after he said that Israel’s 'concerns' needed to be taken into consideration in nuclear talks
2014: 18 February 2014: Iranian animated film depicts how the Islamic regime might respond against Israel to an American or Israeli strike on its nuclear facilities - 5 March: Israel seizes ship in the Red Sea with medium-range missiles heading from Iran to Gaza as USA military was prepared to get involved in the seizure - 9 March: Israeli troops in Eilat unload 40 short-range rockets from Gaza-bound ship - 11 March: Iran's finger on trigger to destroy Israel, warns senior Revolutionary Guards commander Salami - 15 March: Iranian Defense Minister Hossein Dehqa praises Palestinians for firing on Israel and says they have yet to display their actual missile capabilities - 5 May: Senior military aide of Khamenei boasts West's failure in Syria is Iran's victory, saying that Iran's frontline has now reached Israeli border - 25 July 2014: Keep arming Palestinians until Israel is destroyed, Iran's Khamenei says - 28 July: PFLP chief says Syria, Iran, Hezbollah armed Hamas - 30 July: Iranian official says, regime will arm West Bank with missiles because Tel Aviv and Haifa will be much easier to hit from Judea and Samaria - 5 October 2014: Iran's Khamenei vows on Friday 'Zionist regime and its supporters will go extinct' - 12 October 2014: Iran warns USA that toppling Assad would put Israel at risk
2015: 19 January 2015: Six Iranians killed in Israeli strike in Syria, including commanders and Revolutionary Guards general, as well as six members of Hezbollah - 21 February 2015: As upcoming Tehran competition to offer first place prize of $12,000 for best drawing on Shoah denial, Israel asks UN to condemn Iran Holocaust cartoon contest - 26 February: Iranian military chief threatens to 'wipe Tel Aviv off the map' - 28 March: On the Syrian Golan, unlike in Yemen, an Iranian offensive fails, as joint operation by Hezbollah, Revolutionary Guards, and Syrian forces, designed to clear opposition near Israel’s border, grinds to halt - 3 April 2015: Tehran crowds welcome returning FM after Lausanne e3+3 and Iran agreement, chant 'condolences' to Israel - 5 April 2015: Iran transfers millions to Hamas for the rebuilding of tunnels and restocking of missile arsenals destroyed by Israel during 2014 Operation Protective Edge - 21 July 2015: Iran brusquely dismissed German Vice Chancellor’s appeal that it recognize the State of Israel’s right to exist, saying its stance is not going to change following the signing of Vienna nuclear accord with world powers - 27 July 2015: The fate of three Iranian Jews who disappeared in 1997 have come to a close, after the Mossad confirmed that they were killed by Iranian authorities while attempting to emigrate to Israel - 30 August 2015: Iran has not softened its position on Israel and will not recognize Israel, top Khamenei adviser says - 1 September 2015: Iran walks out on speech, as Knesset Speaker Yuli Edelstain calls on Israel’s Arab neighbors at a global conference to visit Israel and discuss environmental cooperation 'people to people', urging leaders not to wait for peace agreements but rather to build up confidence from the ground up - 9 September 2015: Iran's Ayatollah Khamenei says that Israel will not exist in 25 years, in remarks to the Iranian people in Tehran, after the nuclear deal reached with the West - 14 September: As Iranian regime continues to deny Israel's right to exist and to support anti-Israeli militant groups like Hamas and Hezbollah, Iran's Hassan Rohani wishes Jews a Happy New Year on Twitter
2017: 21 February 2017: Addressing a regime’s sixth international conference, Iran’s supreme leader Khamenei backs 'holy intifada' to destroy 'cancer' Israel - 6 August 2017: Israel will allow entry to Iranian journalist Neda Amin, fleeing persecution in her home country, and who could face the death penalty in Iran after writing op-eds for an Israeli news site, according to Interior Minister Arye Dery - 23 August 2017: Iranian Islamic Republic’s regional expansion in Syria raises concern in Israel of its efforts 'to entrench itself militarily on Israel’s border’ - 22 September 2017: Iran reveals new missile that can reach Israel - 26/27 September 2017: Iran’s chief of staff general Bagheri says Kurdish referendum an Israeli 'plot’, as Turkish nationalists protest against a 'second Israel' and Iranians and cleric Ali Reza Pahanhian call for the destruction of Israel, and as Iranian regime is building new destroyer to be ready by next year, developing nuclear-fueled ships and submarines - 24 October 2017: Iran’s judiciary said a court sentenced an alleged agent for Israel’s Mossad intelligence agency to death
February 2018: 10 February 2018 Israel–Syria incident - 10 February 2018: Israeli military spokesman Jonathan Conricus says that 'Syrians and Iranians, from our point of view, are playing with fire', but that Israel is not seeking an escalation after an Iranian drone infiltration resulted in large-scale Israeli air strikes inside Syria - 10 February 2018; Iranian regime reportedly controlling an airbase outside the Syrian city of Palmyra, from which the Israeli army said the Iranian drone that was shot down over northern Israel earlier in the day was launched, also operating the Tiyas site to supply Hezbollah with advanced weapons - 18 February 2018: Brandishing drone fragment in Munich, Israeli PM Benjamin Netanyahu issued a stark warning to Iran, saying his nation was prepared to go to war if the Iranians continue to test Israeli red lines in Syria
21 April 2020 Israeli airstrike on targets in Homs province targeting Iranian militias: 21 April 2020: Syria reports Israeli airstrike on targets in Homs province, targeting Iranian militias according to SOHR
28 November 2020 Iranian regime just a border fence away from Israel: 28 November 2020: Creeping in through Syria, Iranian regime is just a border fence away from Israel
7 January 2021 air strikes in Syria reportedly left several fighters from Iran-backed groups dead: 7 January 2021: Strikes conducted overnight by Israel in Syria left several fighters from Iran-backed groups dead, war monitor SOHR claimed Thursday
26 January 2021 Israel's IDF chief Kohavi says he’s ordered fresh military plans to thwart Iran’s nuke program: 26 January 2021: Israel's IDF chief Kohavi says he’s ordered fresh military plans to thwart Iran’s nuke program
21 May 2021 Iran's regime says 'in the future the Zionists (Israel) can expect to endure deadly blows from within the occupied territories': 21 May 2021: Iranian Mullah regime's - which does not recognise Israel but supports the Islamist militants of Hamas, who rule the Gaza Strip, and after Hamas and the Islamic Jihad group fired hundreds of rockets into Israel before Friday's truce - leader urges Muslim states to back Palestinians militarily, financially, saying 'All influential elements of (Israel's) regime and the criminal (Prime Minister Benjamin) Netanyahu must be prosecuted by international and independent courts', as regime's Foreign Ministry earlier said Palestinians had won a 'historic victory' over Israel, as Iran's Revolutionary Guards said 'The intifada (Palestinian uprising) has gone from using stones to powerful, precise missiles ... and in the future the Zionists (Israel) can expect to endure deadly blows from within the occupied territories', after leaders of Hamas and Islamic Jihad have praised Iran’s financial and military support, after regime's Khamenei last year hailed Tehran's supply of arms, saying Iranian regime had transformed the military balance of power between Israel and the Palestinians, and as regime now on Friday displayed an Iranian-made combat drone that it said had a range of 2,000 km, naming it 'Gaza' in honour of the Palestinians' struggle against Israel, state media reported
Iran/Italy relations: Iran/Italy relations
Iran/Jordan relations: Iran/Jordan relations
History of Jordanian-Iranian relations since 1949: 27 December 2016: Evolution of the Jordanian-Iranian relations since 1949
Iran/Kazakhstan relations: Iran/Kazakhstan relations
Iran/Kenya relations: Iran/Kenya relations
Iran/North Korea relations: Iran/North Korea relations
Arms production and weapons sales between North Korea and Iran: Weapons sales between North Korea and Iran
Iran/South Korea relations: Iran/South Korea relations
Iran–South Korea economic relations: Iran–South Korea economic relations
15 November 2020 Iran pounds rebels in second day of Northwestern border clashes: 15 November 2020: Iran pounds rebels in second day of Northwestern border clashes, state media reports
Iran/Kuwait relations: Iran/Kuwait relations
Iran/Lebanon relations: Iran/Lebanon relations
Iranian weapons for Lebanon: Iran's military support of Lebanon
Since 1980s Iranian funding of Hezbollah and Russian and Iranian weapons for Hezbollah: Iranian military funding of Hezbollah - Russian and Iranian weapons for Lebanese Hezbollah
2017 Iran established factories in Lebanon under control of Hezbollah terror group: 13/14 March 2017: Iran has established factories in Lebanon under the full control of the Hezbollah terror group, that can produce different types of missiles and firearms, a top Iranian general told a Kuwaiti newspaper - 6 May 2017: Lebanese Forces' Samir Geagea blames Iran for several regional conflicts, saying that Iran’s actions breach the legitimacy of countries in the region, also stressing that Hezbollah has made a strategic mistake by getting involved on the side of Assad - 9 July 2017: Iran-backed Hezbollah terrorist group reportedly constructing at least two underground facilities in Lebanon for manufacturing missiles and other weaponry - 27 September 2017: Iran is working tirelessly to outfit the Hezbollah terrorist group with more accurate missiles for a future war with Israel, according to IDF
Iran/Marshall Islands relations: 28 April 2015: Iran seizes Marshall Islands cargo ship in Gulf waters, USA says
Iran/Netherlands relations: Iran/Netherlands relations
Iran/Norway relations: Iran/Norway relations
Iran/Pakistan relations: Iran/Pakistan relations
Iran-Pakistan trade and economic relations: Iran-Pakistan trade and economic relations
Iran/Palestinian territories relations: Iran/Palestinian territories relations
2014/2015: 5 March 2014: Israel seizes ship in the Red Sea with medium-range missiles heading from Iran to Gaza as USA military was prepared to get involved in the seizure - 15 March 2014: Iranian Defense Minister Hossein Dehqa praises Palestinians for firing on Israel and says they have yet to display their actual missile capabilities - 25 July 2014: Keep arming Palestinians until Israel is destroyed, Iran's Khamenei says - 28 July: PFLP chief says Syria, Iran, Hezbollah armed Hamas - 6 August: Saying Hamas should let civilians hide in its tunnels Iran's Mohsen Rezai criticizes Gaza’s rulers over casualties, but stresses support for ‘resistance’ against Israel - 5 April 2015: Iran transfers millions to Hamas for the rebuilding of tunnels and restocking of missile arsenals destroyed by Israel during 2014 Operation Protective Edge - 13 November 2015: Iran reportedly builds a Hezbollah-style terror group in the Gaza Strip, as 'Al-Sabirin' has begun recruiting an intended initial force of 400 fighters, and is directly funded by the regime in Tehran
11 June 2020 Hamas outraged after discovering Iran spied on its deputy leader: 11 June 2020: Hamas outraged after discovering Iran spied on its deputy leader
4 November 2022 Iran reportedly approached Russia for help developing its nuclear program: 4 November 2022: Iran reportedly approached Russia for help developing its nuclear program, according to USA intelligence officials
6 April 2023 Iran/Saudi-Arabia relations and the democracy in the 21st century: 6 April 2023: People dismembering Saudi-Arabia and protesters murdering Iranian Mullah regime came to an agreement to restore diplomatic relations, as USA tried to downplay any suggestion that the Beijing-brokered agreement represented a blow to USA’s influence in the Middle East. But it has also been sidelined since the Arab spring in the Middleeast in early 2011, when the brutal Assad regime - already supported by Iran's Mullah regime - was protected in all sessions of the UN security council by a Russian-Chinese alliance, in the summer 2013 during Assad's mass murder with chemical weapons, during and since Russian regime's destruction of Syrian cities like Aleppo in 2015/2016, in subsequent regional 'negotiations', such as Russian-mediated talks between Saudi Arabia and Syria. USA's William Burns was in Saudi Arabia this week, where he reportedly expressed his frustration that Riyadh was reopening dialogue with countries - Iran and Syria – subject to USA sanctions.
Iran/Serbia relations: Iran/Serbia relations
Iran/Singapore relations: Iran/Singapore relations - Singapore support for Iraq during the Iran–Iraq war 1980-1988 - 28 April 2015: Rickmers Shipmanagement, the Singapore-based company that has chartered the Maersk Tigris taken by Iran's navy after shooting, concerned for the 24 crew members on board, most of whom come from Eastern Europe and Asia
Iran/Somalia relations: Iran/Somalia relations
Iran/Sweden relations: Iran/Sweden relations
Iran/Switzerland relations: Iran/Switzerland relations
2015: 1 April 2015: National Coalition's Bassam al-Malek says that Assad's regime depends on Iran's military and economic support and that it is on the brink of economic collapse - 21 April 2015: Syria, Iran discuss boosting cooperation - 9 May 2015: Islamic Revolution Guards Corps commander Jafari says, that Iran's intervention in Yemen and Syria comes within the framework of the expansion of the Shiite Crescent in the region - 19 May 2015: Iran extends new credit line to Syria's Assad regime - 21 May: New evidence of Iran’s increasing influence in Syria - 2 June 2015: Murderous Rouhani vows Iran will support Assad 'until the end of the road' - 8 July 2015: Assad signs $1 billion credit line from Iran - 8 August 2015: Iran reportedly continues to send mercenaries to Syria to support Assad regime - 28 August: A top commander in the Iranian regime’s Revolutionary Guards was killed fighting in Syria’s war, along with 17 Iranian-recruited Afghan militants killed in the month of August, according to Iranian officials - 7 September 2015:: Iran’s Zarif blames Syria bloodshed on those calling for Assad’s ouster - 8 September 2015: Iran has established subsidiary military battalions in central Syria, specifically in the province of Hama, in an attempt to strengthen its military influence in western Syria - 10 September: Iran has deployed hundreds of elite fighters in Syria, unprecedentedly deepening its involvement on behalf of Assad in his war against Syrians, Israeli security officials say - 17 September 2015: Under relentless assault led by the Iranian Revolutionary Guards and the Hezbollah militias, the medical staff working in the town of Zabadani sent an urgent appeal for help to humanitarian and medical organizations to protect what remained of civilians and medical personnel trapped inside the town - 6 October 2015: Iranian General Qassem Soleimani's July visit to Moscow reportedly the first step in planning for a Russian military intervention that has reshaped the Syrian war and forged a new Iranian-Russian alliance in support of Assad - 8 October 2015: After Iran lobbied in the summer for Russian campaign in Syria, Russian cruise missiles fired from ships in Caspian Sea and aimed at Syria land in Iran and may have caused injuries - 16 October 2015: Assad's army launches Aleppo offensive with Iranian support, the first time Iranian fighters take part on such a scale in war in Syria - 16 October 2015: Russian-Iranian aggression on Syria has killed 878 civilians, including 86 children and 65 women, since 30 September, the largest number of victims recorded in Aleppo, where 301 civilians were killed, mostly as a result of the Russian aerial bombardment, in addition 142 people were killed in Homs, 137 Damascus and its suburbs, 100 in Dara’a, and 94 in Hama - 28 October 2015: Some 2,000 Iranian troops in Syria, USA military head Joseph Dunford says, adding that with Russian and Iranian regime boosting Assad, the ‘balance of forces’ is in his favor - 5 November 2015: Iran is recruiting Afghan refugees to fight in the foreign military contingent supporting Assad's regime in Syria, promising a monthly salary and residence permits - 20 November: A senior Israeli military officer cited Israeli intelligence findings that "55-plus" Iranian military personnel, including elite troops and senior officers, had been killed in clashes with Syrian rebels, in addition to a Hezbollah death toll he put at between 1,000 and 2,000
March-August 2016: 9 March 2016: Wide dissatisfaction exists among Alawites and military leaders regarding Iranian regime's hegemony over political and military decisions in Syria, Assad regime sources claim - 17 March: Iran signaled Wednesday that it was training commandos and snipers to send to Syria, days after Russia announced it was pulling some fighter jets out of the country - 21 March 2016: Media in Iran broadcast Assad’s words on Iran being considered the chief supporter for his war against the Syrian people since 2011, including support of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps IRGC, special IRGC unit Quds Force and militias employed by the Iranian administration - 29 March 2016: Iran's plan to seize Damascus continues with support from Assad regime, as research shows a wave of purchases by Iranian traders involving a large amount of Syrian real estate in a number of cities including Damascus and Homs - 21 April 2016: Iran, in complicity with the Assad regime, is trying to bring about demographic change in Syria through the systematic displacement of residents in areas in and around Damascus, Syrian Coalition's Adnan Rahmoun says - 25 April: Syrian activists accuse Iran of deliberately starting fire in UNESCO-listed site of the Asruniyeh market of the Old City of Damascus in an attempt to force out locals from around the Umayyad Mosque - 8 May: Thirteen Iranian soldiers were killed in a battle with Islamist militants over a village near the Syrian city of Aleppo, Iranian regime says on Saturday - 16 May 2016: 1,200 Iranian 'revolutionary guards' killed in Syria in past four years, according to IRGC commander Tabrizi - 20 June 2916: A coalition of rebel and FSA groups has captured four militants affiliated with the Iranian-backed foreign militias fighting alongside regime forces in southern rural of Aleppo - 30 June 2016: Iranian regime covertly recruits Afghan soldiers to fight in Syria and to support the Assad regime - 30 June 2016: Russian, Iranian backed militias in Homs provine increasingly devoting themselves to the interests of Iranian and Russian regime often at the expense of the Assad regime in the central province of Syria - 13 July 2016: Iranian regime reportedly sent up to 1,000 Iranian military personnel to the Syrian capital to help lay siege to rebel-held Aleppo - 11 August 2016: The number of Iranian soldiers killed in Aleppo has raised to eight after the death of two senior Iranian Revolutionary Guard officers, Qolam Hussein Mousavii and Ali Nazari, was revealed
September 2016: 13 September 2016: Iranian commander Ataiyeh of the key Afghan Fatimid Brigade killed by opposition forces in Syria's coastal Lattakia region, as the Fatimid Brigade number more than 25,000, most of them recruited from Iran and distributed throughout most Syrian cities, as some areas and districts in the Damascus countryside are completely under the brigade’s administration, and as a number of its fighters’ families have been brought from Iran and settled in the Damascus countryside within a systematic settlement project which aims at demographic change in the Syrian capital - 29 September 2016: Shia Islamic fighters from Iraq, Iran, Lebanon and Afghanistan have converged on Aleppo's outskirts to prepare for a clash that they see as a pre-ordained holy war that will determine the future of the region
October/November 2016: 10 October 2016: Under the guise of helping liberate the Iraqi city of Mosul from the Islamic State terrorists, Iranian murderous forces in Syria advancing regime’s plan to establish a corridor between Iran and the Mediterranean - 22 November 2016: Syrian Coalition’s Mohammed Jojah says that the Assad regime’s stepping up of bombardment on the besieged neighborhood of Alwaer in Homs and other besieged areas across Syria is mainly aimed at forcing residents of these areas out of their homes to bring about a demographic change in line with Iran’s project and plans in the region - 23 November 2016: Providing military and political backing to Assad's regime more than 1,000 fighters sent from Iran have been killed in Assad's war against the Syrian people so far, according to figures of an Iranian official - 26 November 2016: Iranian army chief says naval platforms in war-torn regional countries Syria and Yemen no less important than nuclear power
3 November 2019 Iranian deal to rebuild Syrian power grid: 3 November 2019: Iranian regime strikes initial deal to rebuild Syrian power grid
Iran/Turkey relations: Iran/Turkey relations
Iran/Ukraine relations: Iran/Ukraine relations
9 January 2020 Bellingcat geolocates footage of apparent Iranian missile strike on UIA flight PS752 to Tehran suburb: 9 January 2020: Bellingcat geolocates footage of apparent missile strike on UIA flight PS752 to Tehran suburb
14 September 2022 families take fight for truth of flight 752 to ICC, saying our lives are destroyed’: 14 September 2022: Families take fight for truth of flight 752 to ICC, saying our lives are destroyed’, after Ukraine International Airlines flight 752 was shot down over Tehran by Iranian anti-aircraft missiles in January 2020, killing all 176 people on board, but this was just the beginning of an ongoing ordeal for the victims’ families. In the 32 months since, they have faced obstruction and hostility from the Iranian authorities, which initially sought to deny their forces were responsible. When bodies were finally returned, they were often mixed with the remains of other victims, the personal effects of the dead were looted, and in some instances their funerals were commandeered by the Tehran regime for propaganda purposes. Grieving relatives have been assaulted, harassed and threatened.
Iran/United Arab Emirates relations: Iran/United Arab Emirates relations
1971 Iranian seizure of Abu Musa and the Greater and Lesser Tunbs islands: 1971 Iranian seizure of Abu Musa and the Greater and Lesser Tunbs islands
February 2020 UAE reportedly held talks with Iran behind USA's back: 14 February 2020: UAE reportedly held talks with Iran behind USA's back
Iran/United Kingdom relations: Iran/United Kingdom relations
July-September 2016: 2 July 2016: Renowned Iranian artist Parviz Tanavoli wanting to fly to London to speak at the British Museum has his passport confiscated without explanation and is barred from leaving the country - 11 July 2016: Iran indicts three dual nationals including British-Iranian Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe, an employee of the Thomson Reuters Foundation, who has been held in solitary confinement, reports say - 9 September 2016: British-Iranian mother Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe detained in Iran for more than 150 days has been sentenced to five years in prison on charges that 'remain secret', despite an online petition launched by her husband Richard Ratcliffe urging both the British Prime Minister and Iran's Supreme Leader to take appropriate action to secure the safe return of his wife and his baby daughter Gabriella, that has been signed by over 800,000 supporters in over 155 countries
2017: 24 April 2017: Iran’s supreme court has upheld the conviction of British-Iranian Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe sentenced to five years in jail on non-specific charges, dashing her hopes of overturning the verdict through legal avenues - 2 July 2017: British-Iranian Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe serving a five-year jail sentence in Tehran on unspecified charges relating to national security is losing her hair and experiencing 'low and despairing' moods as her incarceration lasts far beyond her family’s expectation and as husband calls for UK government’s aid - 14 October 2017: Iran to blame for cyber-attack on MPs' emails, according to British intelligence - 25 October 2017: After Iranian authorities have imposed an asset freeze on at least 152 BBC Persian journalists and former contributors, preventing them from conducting financial transactions or selling properties in their homeland because of their affiliation with the broadcaster, BBC appeals to UN over Iran’s crackdown - 7 November 2017: British foreign secretary Boris Johnson is expected to call the Iranian foreign minister as he comes under increasing pressure in the UK to retract remarks that Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe was working as a journalist, cited by Iranian judiciary as evidence she was spreading 'propaganda against the regime'
2018: 14 February 2018: The treatment of Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe, the British-Iranian woman serving a five-year jail sentence in Tehran, amounts to torture, her family have claimed in an appeal to the UN - 11/12 March 2018: Iran revealed on Sunday that it had sentenced an unidentified Iranian-British dual citizen to six years in jail for spying for Britain in a case that appears not to have previously been disclosed, as the BBC is appealing to the UN to help protect the rights of its journalists in Iran following years of alleged persecution and harassment by the Iranian authorities of journalists and their families - 2 May 2018: London-based British Council employee Aras Amiri has been arrested during a family visit to Iran, as the authorities in the country step up targeting people with ties to UK institutions - 21 May 2018: Jailed British-Iranian Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe is facing a new charge against her in Iran
14 January 2020 'Vienna convention' and Iran's criminal foreign ministry signaling it could expel Britain’s ambassador: 14 January 2020: Iran's criminal foreign ministry signaled it could expel Britain’s ambassador in case of further 'interference' in its affairs after a row over a vigil he attended for those killed, including UK's citizens, in last week’s downing of a Ukrainian plane by the murderous Mullah regime - 14 January 2020: Israel's FM Katz expressed 'support and solidarity' after Iran arrested UK ambassador, saying 'ambassador Macaire’s detention was undoubtedly a flagrant violation of the Vienna convention and as such was not just an assault on the UK but an attack upon the rules based international system as a whole', adding 'this behavior by the Iranian regime deserves the unreserved condemnation by all responsible members of the international community'
Iran/United States of America relations: Iran/United States of America relations
Since 1980 USA support for Iraq during the Iraq/Iran war: United States of America support for Iraq during the Iraq/Iran war 1980-1988
2013 Iranian military supporting Assad: 1 February 2013: Washington accuses Tehran of sending personnel to help President al-Assad's forces in their fight against opposition - 7 February: USA imposes new sanctions on Iran aiming to choke off Iran's oil income and also targeting Iranian media organisations and Cyber Police - 15 mars 2013: L'Iran possèdera l'arme nucléaire sous plus ou moins 12 mois, selon Obama - 31 May: In the US State Department's annual report to Congress Iran accused of surge in terrorism - 6 September 2013: USA intercepts an order from an Iranian official instructing militants in Iraq to attack US interests in Iraq - 18 septembre: La justice américaine saisit un gratte-ciel à New York détenu par l'Iran et qui blanchit de l’argent avant de le renvoyer - 25 September: During the 68th Session of the UN General Assembly Obama and Rowhani offer hope for peace - 27 septembre: Le secrétaire d'Etat américain John Kerry et son homologue iranien Mohammad Javad Zarif se sont rencontrés jeudi en tête-à-tête à l'ONU pour discuter du dossier nucléaire iranien - 5 November 2013: Nobel winner Shirin Ebadi urges EU, USA to ban Iran from using USA and European satellites to broadcast Islamic Republic's propaganda
2015: 28 April 2015: After Iran fires at Marshall Islands-flagged cargo ship in Persian Gulf, claiming ship is owned by USA and will be held over commercial dispute, USA Navy called in - 29 April: Iran’s boarding of 2 vessels over five-day period, incluiding USA-flagged cargo ship, raise concerns about security of shipping lanes in Gulf - 7 October: Iran's supreme leader bans negotiations with the USA - 12 October: Iranian-American journalist and Washington Post's Tehran bureau chief Jason Rezaian convicted - 22 November: Iran has sentenced detained Washington Post journalist Jason Rezaian to an unspecified prison term - 30 décembre: La marine iranienne a effectué plusieurs tirs d'essai à proximité de trois navires de la France et des États-Unis d'Amérique - 31 December: Iranian regime's Rouhani orders defense minister to expedite development of the country’s ballistic missile program in response to new USA sanctions set to be imposed on Iranian 'defense' companies
2016: 10 January 2016: Following Iranian denial USA releases black-and-white video taken by a navy helicopter and showing an Iranian Revolutionary Guards vessel firing unguided rockets on 26 December near USA ships - 21 February: Iran refuses lawyer for dual USA-Iranian citizen Siamak Namazi detained by Iran’s 'Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps' since October, while visiting family - 10 April: Iranian foreign minister Zarif dismisses USA counterpart’s suggestion of negotiations on ballistic rockets as 'baseless', as Iranian defense minister calls plan 'nonsense’ - 24 July 2016: USA citizen Robin Reza Shahini reportedly detained while visiting his mother in Iran is the latest in string of arrests of dual nationals - 7 August 2016: Iranian nuclear scientist Shahram Amiri, whose disappearance in Saudi Arabia in 2009 and subsequent return was shrouded in mystery, has been executed in Iran after returning to Iran from USA, receiving a hero’s welcome in Tehran and being portrayed as someone who had fled the enemy's captivity - 24 August 2016: Iranian military vessels 'speed close to US navy ship with weapons bared' - 3 October 2016: Washington Post reporter Jason Rezaian detained for 18 months sues Iranian government after suffering 'irreparable harm' being subject to ‘torture and other cruel treatment’ during his detention in a Tehran prison
May 2019 Gulf of Oman incident and rockets on Baghdad: May 2019 Gulf of Oman incident - 17 May 2019: Norwegian insurer says Iran’s Revolutionary Guards IRGC are 'highly likely' to have facilitated attacks on four tankers off Fujairah in the United Arab Emirates - 25 May 2019: USA's Vice Admiral Michael Gilday told Pentagon reporters that the USA has 'very high confidence' that Iran’s Revolutionary Guard was responsible for the explosions on four tankers, and that Iranian proxies in Iraq fired rockets into Baghdad's USA, British, Australian and Egyptian embassies area, adding that Iranian regime also tried to deploy modified small boats that were capable of launching cruise missiles - 29 May 2019: Iranian foreign ministry spokesman says regime sees 'no prospect of negotiations with America'
7 February 2021 president Biden says USA won’t lift sanctions before Iran stops uranium enrichment: 7 February 2021: President Biden says USA won’t lift sanctions before Iran stops uranium enrichment
Iran/Uruguay relations: Iran/Uruguay relations
Iran/Venezuela relations: Iran/Venezuela relations
History of Iran-Venezuela relations: History of Venezuela-Iran relations since 2001
Iran-Venezuela economic relations: Venezuela-Iran economic relations
Iran/Yemen relations: Iran/Yemen relations
Since March 2015 Yemeni Civil War following Houthis' coup d'état: Since March 2015 Yemeni Civil War following Iran-backed Houthis' coup d'état
Environmental issues in Iran: Environmental issues in Iran
Zayanderud river: Zayanderud river, the largest river of the Iranian Plateau in central Iran, starting in the Zard-Kuh subrange of the Zagros Mountains in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. It flows 400 kilometres eastward before ending in the Gavkhouni swamp, a seasonal salt lake, southeast of Isfahan city. The Zayandeh used to have significant flow all year long, unlike many of Iran's rivers which are seasonal, but today runs dry due to water extraction before reaching the city of Esfahan. In the early 2010s, the lower reaches of the river dried out completely after several years of seasonal dry-outs. - Gavkhouni located in the Iranian Plateau in central Iran, east of city of Isfahan, is the terminal basin of the Zayandeh River. Gavkhouni is a salt marsh with a salinity of 31.5% and an average depth of about 1 m. The salt marsh can dry up in summer. The Zayandeh River originates in the Zagros mountains and travels around 300 km, before terminating in Gavkhouni. Gavkhouni receives pollution from Isfahan and other urban sources. Isfahan is a major oasis city on the Zayandeh River with a population over 1.5 million
Air pollution in Iran: Air pollution in Iran
Natural disasters in Iran: Natural disasters in Iran
Earthquakes in Iran: Earthquakes in Iran - Geology of Iran
Droughts and water crises in Iran: Water crisis in Iran
18 July 2023 as water shortages intensify Iran’s 2023 heat wave, authorities shift blame: 18 July 2023: In summer 2023 Iranian heat wave, a record-breaking confluence of heat and humidity translated to an off-the-charts heat index value of more than 150 degrees, at the very limits of human survival, measured at Iran’s Persian Gulf International Airport. Earlier in July, more than 1,000 people sought medical treatment after dust storms ravaged the country’s water-starved southeast. From Tehran to rural regions, people are posting videos to social media complaining of days on end in the heat without running water, their faucets emitting nothing but murky drops. The water shortages, which experts say are driven in large part by decades of mismanagement, are a long-standing problem. For decades, Iran’s authorities have tried to appease the immediate demands of the agricultural sector - a bedrock of political support - by building tens of dams that divert the natural flow and accumulation of water. The policies have taken a toll. Agriculture is sapping Iran’s surface water, stored in rivers, lakes, wetlands and reservoirs, UN's Kaveh Madani said, but most worrying is the depletion of groundwater reserves, deep below the surface and slow to replenish, which have fallen into 'bankruptcy'. Experts say the damage is irreversible. - 3 July 2023: Within the past 25 years almost 25 million Iranians have been displaced amid water scarcity worries. Scientist Mehdi Zare said water scarcity and the subsidence of the earth have deteriorated in Iran and according to geologists, seven provinces now face dire situations.
Storms and cyclones in Iran: Tropical cyclones in Iran
3 October 2021 deadly cyclone Shaheen strikes Iran and Oman: September/October 2021 cyclones Gulab and Shaheen
Floods in Iran: Floods in Iran


Japan - Geography of Japan - Geology of Japan - Natural history of Japan - History of Japan - Demographics of Japan
Economic history of Japan and World War II: Economic history of Japan - Militarism and World War II
Manufacturing in Japan: Manufacturing in Japan
Automotive industry in Japan: Automotive industry in Japan
Electronics industry in Japan: Electronics industry in Japan -
Nuclear power in Japan: Nuclear power in Japan
Japanese nuclear incidents and disasters: List of Japanese nuclear incidents
1997/1999 Tokaimura nuclear accidents: 1997/1999 Tokaimura nuclear accidents
Since 2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster: March 2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, ongoing
Chemical industry in Japan: Chemical companies of Japan
Whaling in Japan: Whaling in Japan
2013/2014: 7 December 2013: Japan whaling ships leave for Antarctic hunt to join others to hunt up to 935 minke whales and up to 50 fin whales - 6 January 2014: Inside a Southern Ocean sanctuary, anti-whaling activists Sea Shepherd catches Japanese fleet for killing four whales - 7 January: Japan whalers driven from hunting ground, says Sea Shepherd - 31 March: UN court puts halt to Japan's Antarctic whale hunt - 4 April 2014: After the EIA exposed the Japanese Rakuten as the world’s biggest online retailer of whale products and elephant ivory, Rakuten announces to end all online sales of whale and dolphin meat - 26 April 2014: Japan kicks off first whale hunt since UN court ruling - 10 June: Australia and New Zealand condemn Japanese plan to resume whaling saying ICJ ban must be respected
Financial system and banking in Japan: Japanese financial system - Banks in Japan - Bank of Japan
Financial services in Japan: Financial services in Japan - Tokyo Stock Exchange
Japanese economic history since 20th century and economic cycles: Japanese economic history since 20th century
>Labor and employment in Japan: Labor in Japan - Employment in Japan - Japanese blue collar workers - 'Salaryman' refers to a man whose income is salary based, particularly those working for corporations, gradually become accepted in Anglophone countries as a noun for a Japanese white-collar worker or businessman - 'Freeter', a Japanese expression for people who lack full-time employment or are unemployed or underemployed, excluding housewives and students
Labor and trade unions in Japan and labour law: Labor unions in Japan - Trade unions in Japan - Labor disputes in Japan - Japanese labour law
Monetary and fiscal policy of Japan and taxation: Monetary and fiscal policy of Japan - Taxation in Japan
Japan public debt: Japan public debt
Since 1867 modern period of military history of Japan: Since 1867 modern period of military history of Japan
Japan and weapons of mass destruction: Japan and weapons of mass destruction


Politics of Japan: Politics of Japan
1868-1947 Empire of Japan, 1910-1945 Japanese war crimes and Emperors of Japan up to the present day: Since 1868 Empire of Japan from the Meiji Restoration 1868 to the enactment of the 1947 constitution of postwar Japan - Imperial House of Japan, recognizing 125 monarchs, 1926-1989 Emperor of Japan Showa (Hirohito), and since 1989 Emperor of Japan Akihito - 1895-1945 Japanese colonial empire - 1895 Japanese invasion of Taiwan - 1895-1945 Taiwan under Japanese rule - 1910-1945 Korea under Japanese rule - 1931/1932 Japanese invasion of Manchuria - 1937-1945 Second Sino-Japanese War, part of the Pacific theater of World War II - 1941-1945 Pacific War began on 7/8 December 1941, on which date Japan invaded Thailand and attacked the British possessions of Malaya, Singapore, and Hong Kong as well as the USA military bases in Hawaii and the Philippines
1926-1989 Emperor Hirohito's rule and accountability for Japanese war crimes: 20th century Emperor Hirohito's accountability for Japanese war crimes
1914–1944 internal politics of the 'Empire of Japan': 1914–1944 internal politics of the 'Empire of Japan'
1914-1918 internal politics of the 'Empire of Japan' during World War I: 1914-1918 internal politics of the 'Empire of Japan' during World War I
1919-1927 Japanese policy: Japanese policy from 1919 to 1927
1927-1931 the road to Imperialism in Japan: 1927-1931 the road to Imperialism in Japan
Since March 1928 crackdown on socialists and communists by the Japanese government: 15 March 1928 'incident', a crackdown on socialists and communists by the Japanese government in 1928
February 1930 Japanese general election: February 1930 Japanese general election
1932-1937 Japanese pressures over China: 1932-1937 Japanese pressures over China
1937-1941 Chinese–Japanese conflict and Axis coalition with Nazi Germany's and Italian empire: 1937-1941 Chinese–Japanese conflict and Axis coalition with Nazi Germany's and Italian empire
Political parties in Japan: Political parties in Japan
Since 1946 elections and politics in Japan: Elections in Japan
2013: Japanese House of Councillors election July 2013 - 28 June 2013: Japan announces election date to choose half of the 242-member House of Councillors on July 21 - 21 July 2013: PM Abe heads for election victory amid policy concerns - 22 July 2013: Japan's ruling bloc wins upper house elections, offering to advance its conservative policy goals - 1 August 2013: Shortly before the remembrance days of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on 6 and 9 August Japan's Deputy PM Taro Aso says Japan could 'learn the technique' Nazi Germany used to change the Weimar constitution - 15. August: Japans unbelehrbare Minister besuchen am Jahrestag der Kapitulation Japans im Zweiten Weltkrieg den Yasukuni-Schrein, in dem auch Kriegsverbrecher verehrt werden - 18 October 2013: Cabinet minister Yoshitaka Shindo was among scores of Japanese parliamentarians who paid tribute at the Yasukuni war shrine, symbol of Japan's present-day unwillingness to come to terms with its past misdeeds
2014: 1 January: Days after PM Abe enraged Asian neighbours by visiting Yasukuni war shrine, Abe says Japan's pacifist constitution 'will have been revised' by 2020 - 2 January 2014: Japan minister follows PM Abe in renewed visit to Yasukuni war shrine, pouring salt on wounds for Japan's neighbours - 12 April 2014: Japanese minister Shindo visits Yasukuni war shrine in Tokyo, in a move that sparks rebukes from South Korea and China - 21 April: Japan's PM Abe has sent a ritual offering to the Yasukuni Shrine just before USA President Obama's three-day visit to Japan - 1 July: Despite Chinese and domestic protests Japan's PM Abe announced an end to a post-World War II ban that has kept Japanese troops from fighting abroad - 13 October: Japan’s ruling LDP is under pressure to distance itself from the far right, after senior politicians were linked to groups that promote Nazi ideology and hate crimes towards the country’s ethnic Korean community - 17 October: Shinzo Abe sends ornaments to Yasukuni shrine as China protests at Japanese PM’s latest WW2 shrine tribute - 20 October: Two Japanese ministers resign amid allegations of financial impropriety involving political funds - 23 October: Japan’s economy, trade and industry minister Miyazawa’s staff spent office money at sex bar - 24 October: Japan economy minister Miyazawa in conflict of interest row over Tepco shares - 11 November: PM Abe will postpone a planned tax increase and call a general election for December - 20 November 2014: Nearly two-thirds of Japanese voters don't understand why PM Abe is calling the snap election in December
2015: 5 January 2015: Local governments want bigger say in restarting reactors - 10 June 2015: Former Japanese PM tells Shinzo Abe to confront wartime atrocities committed on mainland Asia ahead of 70th anniversary of the end of the Pacific war in August - 15/16 July 2015: Facing protests of hundreds of citizens outside and also some lawmakers, parliamentary committee approves legislation that would expand the role of Japan's military and that could see troops sent to fight abroad for the first time since World War II - 9 August 2015: In Nagasaki mayor Tomihisa Taue criticizes Abe’s government's push toward Japan’s more assertive defense policy, urging the Japanese government to listen to growing public concerns over Japan’s commitment to its pacifist pledge - 10 August 2015: As Japan is split over restart of nuclear plant’s 30-year-old reactor and amid ongoing debate about safety, Japan will begin producing nuclear energy in Sendai near Satsumasendai, 4 years after Fukushima's triple meltdown in 2011 - 16 August: As Japan marks the 70th anniversary of the end of the World War II under criticism from neighbours China and South Korea, which say PM Abe's speech fails to properly apologise for Japan's past aggression, a group of politicians including cabinet ministers visits the Yasukuni shrine honouring war criminals - 17 September 2015: Japanese politicians brawl in parliament over bill to allow troops to fight abroad - 19 September: Opponents vow to fight new legislation, after lawmakers approved bills to ease restrictions on Japan’s tightly controlled military
6 August 2020 Hiroshima marks 75th anniversary of atomic bombing: 6 August 2020: Hiroshima marks 75th anniversary of its atomic bombing by the USA, brutally attacked in December 1941 by the Empire of Japan without declaration of war and since then in self-defense allied with many ambushed countries and victims of Japanese war crimes, with Hiroshima's mayor today urging the world to unite against grave threats to humanity, be they nuclear weapons or the novel coronavirus pandemic, by spurning nationalistic and isolationist policies, after during the war 1939-1945 and now in 1945 for several months the USA (and allied forces) had warned civilians of air raids by dropping millions of leaflets across Japan, but government ordered the arrest of anyone caught in possession of a leaflet, and refused to surrender, a speedy end of war to save lives in Asia and Oceania, and to avoid casualties of allied forces and civilians during 'Operation Downfall', the proposed Allied plan for the invasion of the Japanese Home Islands to end World War II
15 April 2021 Japanese government accused of 'making a mockery of risk communication' concerning contaminated water: 15 April 2021: The Japanese government has been forced to quickly retire an animated character it had hoped would win support for its decision this week to release more than 1m tonnes of contaminated water from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant into the sea, as - although the water will be treated before being discharged - it will still contain tritium, a radioactive hydrogen isotope, and as the character’s appearance - including an online flyer and video on the reconstruction agency’s website - angered Fukushima residents and fishermen, saying 'the gap between the gravity of the problems we face and the levity of the character is huge', 'making a mockery of risk communication'
10 July 2022 Japan's ruling party projected to win election overshadowed by Abe assassination: 10 July 2022: Japan's ruling party projected to win election overshadowed by Abe assassination
27 October 2024 Japanese general election: 27 October 2024 Japanese general election on 27 October 2024 due to the early dissolution of the House of Representatives by PM Shigeru Ishiba, as voting will take place in all Representatives constituencies of Japan including proportional blocks, in order to appoint Members of Diet to seats in the House of Representatives, the lower house of the National Diet of Japan - 27 October 2024: Japan’s ruling coalition is certain to lose its majority in parliament in Sunday’s general election, according to the national broadcaster, after taking losses amid voter anger over a funding scandal and a cost of living crisis in the world’s fourth-biggest economy. The outcome may force the Liberal Democratic party (LDP), which has ruled Japan almost without interruption since the mid-1950s, or the main opposition Constitutional Democratic party (CDP) into power-sharing agreements with other parties to form a government. The official result is not expected until Monday morning.


- Anti-nuclear power movement in Japan - Japanese people who conserve Article 9 of the 1947 Japanese Constitution outlawing war as a means to settle international disputes involving the state
1926-1932 Japanese resistance during the rise of militarism: Japanese resistance during the rise of militarism - March 1926 - April 1928 Labour-Farmer Party, a political party in the Empire of Japan, representing the left wing sector of the legal proletarian movement at the time, as Oyama Ikuo was the chairman of the party, banned by the government in 1928 with estimated 90,000 members in 131 local organizations, and supported by the Hyogikai trade union federation and the Japan Peasant Union - 15 March 1928 'incident', a crackdown on socialists and communists by the Japanese government in 1928 - June 1932 - July 1932 Tokyo District Court trials carefully staged to publicize the inner workings of the Japan Communist Party, with its connections in the labor movement, as the government was able to order the dissolution of the Labor-Farmer Party, the All-Japan Proletarian Youth League, and the Council of Japanese Labor Unions
2015 protests against Japan's military expansion: 15 July 2015: Facing protests of hundreds of citizens outside and also some lawmakers, parliamentary committee approves legislation that would expand the role of Japan's military - 9 August 2015: As the city of Nagasaki, survivors and attendants mark the anniversary of the 1945 atomic bombings, mayor Tomihisa Taue criticizes Abe’s government's push toward Japan’s more assertive defense policy, urging the Japanese government to listen to growing public concerns over Japan’s commitment to its pacifist pledge - 9 August 2015: Hundreds of Nagasaki residents, including relative of atomic bombing victims, protest against Japanese government's security bills, saying the bills will jeopardize the country's pacifist constitution - 30 August 2015: Thousands of people protest outside the Japanese parliament in Tokyo against proposed new legislation that would allow the Japanese military to deploy troops overseas - 16 September 2015: New generation of Japanese anti-war protesters challenge Abe, demonstrating against bill to alter Japan’s pacifist constitution to allow it to send troops overseas


Society, demographics and human rights in Japan: Japanese society - Social history of Japan - Human rights in Japan
Geography and islands of Japan: Geography of Japan - Islands of Japan
List of islands in Japan: List of islands in Japan
Cities and towns in Japan: List of cities in Japan - List of towns in Japan
20th and 21st centuries history of Sapporo: History of Sapporo in the 20th and 21st centuries
Education and economy of Yamamoto: Education and economy of Yamamoto
Timeline of Yamamoto since 1889: History and timeline of Yamamoto since 1889
14 April 2021 clock stopped after 2011 Japan tsunami starts ticking a decade later amid new eartquake: 14 April 2021: For almost 10 years, a clock hanging in a temple in Yamamoto city was a reminder of the day nature’s force came close to destroying his community, as the clock stopped ticking after the north-east coast of Japan was struck by an earthquake and tsunami that killed more than 18,000 people on 11 March 2011, but late on 13 February this year the same region was struck by another powerful earthquake, described by seismologists as an aftershock of the March 2011 quake as Japan marks 10 years since triple disaster killed 18,500 people, and the following morning temple’s priest Sakano in Yamamoto went to check the main hall for any damage when he heard a ticking sound when the clock was moving again
Economy of Tokyo: Economy of Tokyo
Timeline of Tokyo since 1457: Timeline of Tokyo since 1457
21st century timeline of Toky: 21st century timeline of Tokyo
Ogasawara Islands: Ogasawara Islands
Geology, climate and ecology of Ogasawara islands: Geology, climate and ecology of Ogasawara islands
Timeline of Yokohama city since 1855: Timeline of Yokohama since 1859
Timeline of Osaka since 211 CE: Timeline of Osaka since 211 CE
Prior to 19th century timeline of Osaka: Prior to 19th century timeline of Osaka since 211 CE
20th century timeline of Osaka: 20th century timeline of Osaka
21st century timeline of Osaka: 21st century timeline of Osaka
December 2007 independant Kunio Hiramatsu mayor of Osaka: 19 December 2007 independant Kunio Hiramatsu mayor of Osaka
Since 2009 international Kansai Music Conferences in Osaka: Since 2009 international Kansai Music Conferences in Osaka
Timeline of Hiroshima since 1599: Timeline of Hiroshima since 1599
1599 Hiroshima Castle built: 1599 Hiroshima Castle built
Since 1915 port of Hiroshima: Since 1915 port of Hiroshima
Since 1949 Hiroshima University: Since 1949 Hiroshima University
6 August 2021 Hiroshima marks 76th atomic bomb anniversary, urging end to nuclear deterrence: 6 August 2021: Hiroshima marks 76th atomic bomb anniversary, urging end to nuclear deterrence
Timeline of Nagasaki since 1571: Timeline of Nagasaki since 1571
6 and 9 August 1945 atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki: 6 and 9 August 1945 atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Since 1949 Nagasaki University: Since 1949 Nagasaki University
Natural history of the Ryukyu Islands: Natural history of the Ryukyu Islands - Geology of Japan
List of Ryukyu Islands volcanoes in Japan: List of Ryukyu Islands volcanoes in Japan
Elderly people in Japan: Elderly people in Japan - Aging of Japan
Women's suffrage in Japan: Women's suffrage in Japan
Women's organizations based in Japan: Women's organizations based in Japan
Children and children's rights in Japan: Children's rights in Japan
Elementary schools in Japan: Elementary schools in Japan
Science and technology in Japan: Science and technology in Japan
History of science and technology in Japan: History of science and technology in Japan
Health in Japan: Health in Japan
Medical outbreaks and health disasters in Japan: Medical outbreaks in Japan - Health disasters in Japan
Since March 2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster: Since March 2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster
Since January 2020 covid-19 pandemic in Japan: Since January 2020 Chinese coronavirus pandemic in Japan
Media of Japan: Media of Japan
Freedom of speech, of the press and censorship in Japan: Freedom of speech and the press in Japan - Censorship in Japan
Newspapers in Japan: List of newspapers in Japan
Internet in Japan: Internet in Japan
Broadcasting and TV in Japan: Japanese broadcasting - Television in Japan
Sport in Japan by sport: Sport in Japan by sport
Martial arts in Japan and Japanese martial arts: Martial arts in Japan - Japanese martial arts
Youth, women's, men's and disabled sport in Japan: Youth sport in Japan - Women's sport in Japan - Men's sport in Japan - Disabled sport in Japan
Corruption in Japan: Corruption in Japan
Organized crime in Japan: Organized crime in Japan
Organized crime groups in Japan: Organized crime groups in Japan
Japanese Mafia 'Yakuza': Japanese Mafia 'Yakuza'
Terrorism in Japan: Terrorism in Japan
Massacres in Japan: Massacres in Japan
January 2010 Habikino shooting: 12 January 2010 Habikino shooting
Deaths by stabbing in Japan: Deaths by stabbing in Japan
Arson in Japan: Arson in Japan
Man-made disasters in Japan: Man-made disasters in Japan
List of Japanese nuclear incidents: List of Japanese nuclear incidents
Since March 2011 timeline of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster: Since March 2011 timeline of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster
Transport disasters in Japan: Transport disasters in Japan
Explosions in Japan: Explosions in Japan
Environmental disasters in Japan: Environmental disasters in Japan
Since 2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster: Since 2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster
Environmental law in Japan: Environmental law in Japan
Judicial system of Japan: Judicial system of Japan
Criminal justice system of Japan: Criminal justice system of Japan
National Police Agency: National Police Agency
Japan Coast Guard: Japan Coast Guard
Penal system of Japan: Penal system of Japan
Life imprisonment in Japan: Life imprisonment in Japan
Since 1993 list of executions in Japan: List of executions in Japan since 1993
Foreign relations of Japan: Foreign relations of Japan
Japan/Australia relations: Japan/Australia relations
December 2012 Australia condemns Japan for whale hunt: 30 December 2012: Australia condemns Japan for whale hunt
1200-1600 Japanese piracy on China's coasts and Mongol invasions: 1200-1600 Japanese piracy on China's coasts and Mongol invasions
1592-1598 Japanese invasions of Korea with the intent of conquering Korea and China: 1592-1598 Japanese invasions of Korea with the intent of conquering Korea and China
1894-1895 First Sino-Japanese War, Japanese invasion and annexation of Taiwan: 1894-1895 First Sino-Japanese War - 1895 Japanese invasion and annexation of Taiwan
1937-1945 Japanese invasion of China and Second Sino-Japanese War: Japanese invasion of China - Second Sino-Japanese War 1937-1945 - Manchukuo - Japanese war crimes
Senkaku Islands/Tiaoyutai Islands dispute: Senkaku Islands dispute - Geography of Senkaku Islands - 17 August 2012: Japan deports activists in disputed Diaoyu/Senkaku islands row - 19 August 2012: Japan-China island row intensifies after Japanese activists raise flag on disputed land - China protests - 14 September: Six Chinese surveillance ships entered waters near Diaoyu/Senkaku islands claimed by both Japan and China - 17 September: Japanese firms (Panasonic, Canon) suspend some of their operations in China after anti-Japan protesters attacked factories, shops, cars and diplomatic posts - 31 December 2012: A Chinese fishing boat has been detained by Japan's coast guard near Japan's Kagoshima Prefecture for allegedly fishing inside Japanese waters, Chinese officials say - 23 April 2013: Japan vows to use force if China land on disputed islands - 17 December 2013: Japan to boost military spending as China row simmers
Japan/France relations: Japan/France relations
Japan/Germany relations: Japan/Germany relations
1592–1598 Japanese invasions of Korea: 1592–1598 Japanese invasions of Korea
1910-1945 Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty and Korea under Japanese rule: Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty of 1910 - Korea under Japanese rule 1910-1945
Korean independence movement: Korean independence movement
1939-1945 Korea in World War II: Korea in World War II 1939-1945
2012/2013: 10 August 2012: South Korean leader's islands visit angers Japan - 11 August: Japan to take islands dispute with Korea to international court - 29 August: Japan and North Korea to hold first direct talks in four years - 18 October: South Korea reacted angrily to a visit by Japanese opposition leader Shinzo Abe to Yasukuni war shrine, saying Japan should 'have the courage' to face up to its brutal wartime aggression - 28 May 2013: Japan's World War II legacy remains an open wound as once again Japanese politicians like Hashimoto don't want to acknowledge wartime wrongs and are out of touch with the sentiments of their neighbors and the international community - 15 August 2013: China and South Korea strongly condemned the visits of Japanese cabinet members, lawmakers and other politicians to the notorious Yasukuni Shrine, which honors 14 Class-A war criminals in the World War II - 18 August 2013: Nippon Steel&Sumitomo Metal sued by South Korean wartime slave workers is ready to pay compensation if it loses a long-running legal battle - 26 December: South Korea condemns Shinzo Abe's 'anachronistic' visit to Yasukuni war shrine
Japan/Lebanon relations: Japan/Lebanon relations
Japan/Mauritius relations: Japan/Mauritius relations
Japan/New Zealand relations: Japan/New Zealand relations
August 2019 atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki commemorations in Christchurch: 6 August 2019: Remembering the 1945 atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 2019 commemorations in Christchurch
Japan/Russia relations: Japan/Russia relations
Free Thai Movement 1940-1945: Free Thai Movement 1940-1945
Japan/Uganda relations: Japan/Uganda relations
Japan/USA relations: Japan/USA relations
1945: March-June 1945 Battle of Okinawa - 'Operation Downfall' Allied plan for the invasion of Japan to end World War II, abandoned when Japan surrendered following the August 1945 atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki - 16 July 1945 'Trinity' nuclear test, the first detonation of a nuclear weapon, as part of USA's Manhattan Project and approved by the government on 25 July, warning aggressors and war criminals - 26 July 1945 'Potsdam Declaration' of USA's Harry S. Truman, UK's Winston Churchill and China's Chiang Kai-shek stating, if Empire of Japan did not surrender, it would face 'prompt and utter destruction' - 6 and 9 August 1945 atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki - Debate over the 1945 atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Empire of Japan is fully responible for all events of the Pacific War, including the atomic bombings, despite well-known efforts to convert perpetrators into victims
2011/2012: 7 December 2011: USA marks the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor 70 years on - 27 April 2012: Deal between US and Japan to move thousands of US Marines from the island of Okinawa - 6 August 2012: Nuclear fears in Japan focus attention on Hiroshima anniversary - 9 August 2012: Nagasaki marks anniversary of atomic bomb attack
2016: 26/27 May 2016: Obama is the first sitting USA president to visit Hiroshima devastated by 1945 bombing - 26/27 May 2016: Most of the remaining survivors of Hiroshima's nuclear inferno 1945, known as hibakusha, have not demanded an apology on behalf of Obama's nation for the attack, their focus instead is on the future, how to realise the oft-cited, long-elusive goal of a nuclear weapon-free world, lest anyone else ever suffer as they have - 19 June 2016: Thousands of people gathered on the Japanese island of Okinawa in one of the biggest demonstrations in two decades against USA military bases following the arrest of an American suspected of murdering a local woman - 6 août 2016: Hiroshima commémore la 1ère bombe atomique - 28 December 2016: Japanese PM Abe stood next to USA's Barack Obama in Pearl Harbor offering his 'sincere and everlasting condolences' for the December 1941 Japanese attack that murdered more than 2,400 USA citizens, prompting the USA to enter World War II, but did not explicitly apologise, avoiding to describe Japanese militarism and the causes of war and war crimes, instead speaking of reconciliation and an alliance of hope between the two countries, as Obama followed Abe’s remarks, saying the USA-Japan alliance was 'a reminder that the deepest wounds of war can give way', as the Middle East is hit by war and war crimes including Iraqi, Iranian, Russian, Assad regime's and USA war crimes since 35 years, never-ending and with global consequences
August 2019 atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki commemorations in Christchurch: 6 August 2019: Remembering the 1945 atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 2019 commemorations in Christchurch
Environment and environmental issues in Japan: Environment of Japan - Environmental issues in Japan - Natural history of Japan
Climate change in Japan: Climate change in Japan
Pollution and water pollution in Japan: Pollution in Japan - Water pollution in Japan
Waste and electronic waste in Japan: Waste in Japan - Electronic waste in Japan
Whaling and dolphin drive hunt in Japan: Whaling in Japan - Taiji dolphin drive hunt
Ecoregions in Japan: Ecoregions in Japan
Natural disasters in Japan - storms, typhoons and earthquakes: Natural disasters in Japan
Weather events in Japan: Weather events in Japan
Heat waves in Japan:
August 2007 Japan heat wave: August 2007 Heat wave in Japan
Since June 2022 Japan heat wave: June 2022 saw the worst heat wave in Japan's history, with the hottest temperatures recorded since records began in 1875. Isesaki, a city in Gunma Prefecture, saw temperatures of 40.2°C, the hottest ever recorded in June in the country. Nuclear power stations are being used to meet the increased demand for electricity. PM Fumio Kishida has told people to ration air conditioning in order to conserve the limited electricity supplies. The temperatures are expected to increase into the summer. - 27 June 2022 Japan heat wave, as the country swelters when ‘heat dome’ pushes up temperatures, and trapped warm air and high pressure result in country recording temperature of 40C for first time in month of June. A temperature of 40.2C was recorded on Saturday in Isesaki, Gunma prefecture, north-east of Tokyo, which beat the previous June record of 39.8C set in 2011. Several heatstroke alerts were in place across the region with people taken to hospital for heat-related illnesses, with many older and young people succumbing to heat exhaustion.
August 2019 Typhoon Krosa: August 2019 Typhoon Krosa
Floods in Japan: Floods in Japan
Landslides in Japan: Landslides in Japan
Weather events in Japan: Weather events in Japan
April 2011 Miyagi earthquake: 7 April 2011 Miyagi earthquake
April 2011 Fukushima earthquake: 11 April 2011 Fukushima earthquake

11 March 2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster: March 2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster - Nuklearunfälle von Fukushima-Daiichi
December 2012: 28 December and its truth: Tepco sued by eight USA sailors over radiation exposure claiming that Tepco lied about the threat posed by the leaks after the March 2011 earthquake

Kazakhstan - Geography of Kazakhstan - History of Kazakhstan - Demographics of Kazakhstan
Manufacturing companies of Kazakhstan: Manufacturing companies of Kazakhstan
Mineral industry in Kazakhstan: Mineral industry of Kazakhstan
Oil and gas companies of Kazakhstan: Oil and gas companies of Kazakhstan
Grain production in Kazakhstan: Grain production in Kazakhstan, one of the world's major wheat and flour exporters and among the 10 largest wheat producers. The main grain crop is milling wheat, which is typically high in quality and protein. There is a growing trend for Kazakhstan to export its grain internationally. In 2011, the country netted a record crop, which enabled it to set its grain export target at nearly 15m tonnes for the 2011/2012 marketing year.In July 2015 officials announced that Kazakhstan would increase export of grain and flour to Kyrgyzstan by 50-60% by 2020 after Kyrgyzstan's accession to the Eurasian Economic Union. According to the head of the ministry, as of July 2015 trade turnover between the two countries was more than US$1 billion. Kazakhstan’s grain and flour exports saw a 4.5% growth in the first four months of the 2020 marketing season. The country exported 2.734 million tonnes mainly to Central Asia and Afghanistan. Wheat and wheat flour exports totaled 1.934 million tonnes and 700,000 tonnes, respectively.
Transport in Kazakhstan: Transport in Kazakhstan
Rail transport in Kazakhstan: Rail transport in Kazakhstan
Road transport in Kazakhstan: Road transport in Kazakhstan
Aviation in Kazakhstan: Aviation in Kazakhstan
Aviation accidents and incidents in Kazakhstan: Aviation accidents and incidents in Kazakhstan
Water transport in Kazakhstan: Water transport in Kazakhstan
Economic history of Kazakhstan and economic cycles: Economic history of Kazakhstan
Since 2014 New Economic Policy: Since 2014 New Economic Policy 'Nurly Zhol'
Taxation in Kazakhstan: Taxation in Kazakhstan
Parliament, president and government of Kasakhstan: President of Kazakhstan - Government of Kazakhstan - Parliament of Kazakhstan
Since 1991 'Security Council' of Kazakhstan: Since 1991 'Security Council' of Kazakhstan, a constitutional advisory body which aides and assists the president of Kazakhstan in implementation of military policy and law enforcement. The president, who is the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Kazakhstan, is one of many permanent members of the council, which includes the Minister of Defence and the Chief of the General Staff. In 2022 the current chairman is president Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, following the 5 January 2022 dismissal of former president Nursultan Nazarbayev as chairman. The permanent members of the Security Council include the President, Prime Minister, Head of the Presidential Administration, Secretary of the Security Council, Chairman of the National Security Committee, Foreign Minister, Minister of Defence
Political parties in Kazakhstan and 'Nur Otan' party: Political parties in Kazakhstan - Kazakhstan is a one party dominant state as this one party is a union of several parties called 'Nur Otan' - Nur Otan - 'Light of the Fatherland', merger of People's Union of Kazakhstan Unity, Asar, Democratic Party, Civic Party, Agrarian Party, People's Cooperative Party - since 1999 (founded as Otan party by Sergey Tereshchenko from Lesozavodsk town in the Primorsky Krai Region of the RSFSR), since 22 December 2006 (as Nur Otan), the ruling party of the country since 1999, with a membership claiming to be of over 762,000 people in 2007. Under leadership of former president Nursultan Nazarbayev, the Nur Otan has constantly won Kazakhstan's presidential and national parliamentary elections, more often in recent history with a supermajority number of votes amidst claims of rigging and lack of viable opposition
Trade unions in Kazakhstan: Trade unions in Kazakhstan
Elections and politics in Kazakhstan: Elections and politics in Kazakhstan
December 1991 Kazakh presidential election: 1 December 1991 Kazakh presidential election, as Nursultan Nazarbayev was 'elected' with 99% of the vote, based on a turnout of 88.2%, after in April 1990 the Supreme Council of the Kazakh SSR established the post of President of the Kazakh SSR and chose its chairman Nursultan Nazarbayev to be the president for a term of 6 years, after - due to the preceding events of the collapse of the Soviet Union on 16 October 1991 - the Supreme Council of the Kazakh SSR has set the election day for 1 December, and after Nursultan Nazarbayev continued to support Russian president Boris Yeltsin (president in office from 30 May 1990 – 31 December 1999), engaged in the dissolution of the Soviet Union - Privatization in Russia, as most privatization took place in the early and mid-1990s under Boris Yeltsin - Privatization of the oil sector since 1992
April 2011 Kazakhstani presidential election: April 2011 Kazakhstani presidential election
8 January 2022 Kazakhstan detains former KNB chief Masimov on suspicion of treason: 8 janvier 2022: L'ancien directeur du KNB Karim Massimov placé en détention jeudi, après le lancement d'une enquête pour haute trahison et après deux jours de violences à Almaty la plupart des banques, supermarchés et restaurants restent fermés, tandis que des blindés de la police patrouillaient les rues, toujours jonchées de carcasses de véhicules calcinés, selon France24 - 8 January 2022: Kazakhstan detains former national security chief on suspicion of treason, as former KNB's Karim Masimov (born to a Muslim family of Tajik and Uyghur roots) was fired this week amid protests and unrest across the country, with dozens killed and then public buildings ransacked, 'The Guardian' reports (compare 2007 Kazakh legislative election, following First and Second Massimov Cabinet until 2016)
Social movements and protests in Kazakhstan: Protests in Kazakhstan
20th/21st centuries protests in Kazakhstan: 20th/21st centuries protests in Kazakhstan
21 January 2022 Almaty protester recalls the chilling encounter of peaceful protesters and police, escalation: 21 January 2022: 'Asel', who had been shot in the violence and was being treated in the hospital in Kazakhstan's biggest city Almaty, recalled the chilling encounter 'one of them shouted, if you go out to protest again, we will kill you', as she believes the men with guns were from the special police forces or security services and were rounding up anyone who had taken part in anti-government protests. Like many others, she joined what started as peaceful protests against fuel price rises in early January, as Kazakhstan has some of the world's largest oil reserves but most of the population doesn't share in the wealth. The demonstrations quickly spiralled into mass disturbances and looting that led to the worst bloodshed in the former Soviet state's 30 years of independence. The authorities are accused of using excessive force to restore order. Officially, 225 people were killed and many more were injured.
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Kazakhstan: Kazakhstani society - Human rights in Kazakhstan - Freedom of religion in Kazakhstan
14 regions and 170 districts of Kazakhstan: 14 regions of Kazakhstan - 170 districts of Kazakhstan, listed by region
Administrative divisions of Almaty Region, demographics and ethnic groups: Administrative divisions as the region is administratively divided into seventeen districts and cities of Kapchagay, Taldykorgan, and Tekeli, as districts include Aksu District with the city of Zhansugirov, Alakol District with Usharal, Balkhash District with Bakanas, Enbekshikazakh District with Esik, Eskeldi District with Karabulak, Ile District with Otegen Batyr, Karasay District with Kaskelen, Karatal District with Ushtobe, Kerbulak District with Sary-Ozek, Koksu District with Balpyk Bi, Kegen District with Kegen, Panfilov District with Zharkent, Raiymbek District with Narynkol, Sarkand District with Sarkand, Talgar District with Talgar, Uygur District with Chundzha, Zhambyl District with Uzynagash - As the Almaty Region had a population of 2,055,724 citizens in 2020 ethnic groups include Kazakh 72.32%, Russian 13.12%, Uyghur 7.74%, Turkish 1.84%, Azerbaijani 0.86%, and others with 4.12%, and as the population and ethnicity figures exclude the City of Almaty, which is administratively separate from the Almaty Region
Almaty (or Alma-Ata) city: Almaty (or Alma-Ata) city, the largest city in Kazakhstan with a population of about 2 million. It was the capital of Kazakhstan from 1929 to 1997, when the government relocated the capital to Akmola (renamed Astana in 1998 and Nur-Sultan in 2019. But Almaty city is still the major commercial and cultural centre of Kazakhstan, as well as its most populous and most cosmopolitan city. The city is located in the mountainous area of southern Kazakhstan near the border with Kyrgyzstan in the foothills of the Trans-Ili Alatau at an elevation of 700–900m, where the Large and Small Almatinka rivers run into the plain. The city was the host for a 1978 international conference on Primary Health Care where the Alma Ata Declaration was adopted, marking a paradigm shift in global public health
20th century timeline of Almaty20th century timeline of Almaty
Since 19th century timeline of Almaty: Since 19th century timeline of Almaty
20th century timeline of Almaty20th century timeline of Almaty
1939-1945 Almaty in German empire's and Axis Powers World War II: 1939-1945 Almaty in German empire's and Axis Powers World War II
21st century timeline of Almaty21st century timeline of Almaty
20th/21st centuries protests in Kazakhstan: 20th/21st centuries protests in Kazakhstan
History and timeline of Nur-Sultan city: History and timeline of Nur-Sultan city
20th/21st centuries protests in Kazakhstan: 20th/21st centuries protests in Kazakhstan
Mangystau Region, petroleum in Mangystau's area and seaport: Mangystau region of Kazakhstan, as its capital is Aktau - a seaport -, which has a population of 183,350 citizens in 2017, as the entire Mangystau Province has a population of 736,795 citizens in 2021. Mangystau region includes Mangyshlak Peninsula and has much of Kazakhstan's Caspian Shore. It borders neighboring countries Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, also the Kazakh regions of Aktobe and Atyrau. In the days of the Soviet Union, engineers discovered petroleum in Mangystau's area, drilling commenced, and much of the area was built up around the industry. The territory of Mangystau includes varied landscapes and desert lands including Caspian lowland, plateaus (Usturt, Mangyshlak, Kendirli-Kayasan), mountains (Aktau, Karatau), cavities, desert, mountains and mountain ridges
Demographics and ethnic groups in Kazakhstan: Demographics of Kazakhstan
Culture and languages of Kazakhstan: Culture of Kazakhstan - Languages of Kazakhstan - Kazakh language
Education in Kazakhstan: Education in Kazakhstan
Health in Kazakhstan: Health in Kazakhstan
Women in Kazakhstan: Women in Kazakhstan
Media of Kazakhstan: Media of Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan/PR of China relations: Kazakhstan/PR of China relations
Kazakhstan/Iran relations: Kazakhstan/Iran relations
Kazakhstan/Kyrgyzstan relations: Kazakhstan/Kyrgyzstan relations
Kazakhstan/Pakistan relations: Kazakhstan/Pakistan relations
Uranium One: Uranium One
Kazakhstan/Ukraine relations: Kazakhstan/Ukraine relations
Kazakhstan/USA relations: Kazakhstan/USA relations
Waste management in Kazakhstan: Waste management in Kazakhstan
Natural disasters in Kazakhstan: Natural disasters in Kazakhstan
Earthquakes in Kazakhstan: Earthquakes in Kazakhstan
Floods in Kazakhstan: Floods in Kazakhstan


North Korea - Geography of North Korea - Korean Peninsula - Demographics of North Korea
Automotive industry in North Korea: Automotive industry in North Korea
Energy and nuclear power in North Korea: Energy in North Korea
Fossil fuels in North Korea: Fossil fuels in North Korea
North Korean famine: North Korean famine
Poverty in North Korea: Poverty in North Korea
Fishing in North Korea: Fishing in North Korea
Since 1991 economic history and economic cycles in North Korea: Since 1991 economic history of North Korea and efforts at modernization - Sanctions against North Korea
Taxation in North Korea: Taxation in North Korea
Military of North Korea: Military of North Korea
Military equipment of North Korea: Military equipment of North Korea
Missiles and missile tests: North Korean missile tests - 9 April 2012: The US and its allies urge North Korea to cancel a long-range rocket launch, saying it violates international agreements - 16 April 2012: UN condemns North Korea rocket-launch attempt - 10 December: Iranian experts at North Korea's rocket site - 12 December: North Korea successfully launches long-range rocket - 23 December: North Korea rocket 'has 10,000km range' - 21 April 2013: North Korea moves two more missile launchers to its east coast - 7 mai: Pyongyang a retiré deux missiles de leur site de lancement - 18 May: North Korea on Saturday launched three short-range missiles into the Sea of Japan - 28 February 2914: North Korea tests missiles amid South Korea-USA exercises - 16 March: North Korea test-fires 18 rockets - 22 March: North Korea test-fired 30 short-range missiles into the sea on Saturday - 26 March: North Korea breaches UN resolutions by firing two medium-range Rodong missiles, as South Korea, USA and Japan discuss how to deal with Pyongyang regime - 28/29 June 2014: South Korea says North Korea has fired two Scud missiles into the sea from its east coast - 9 May 2015: North Korea says it has successfully conducted an underwater test-fire of a submarine-launched ballistic missile - 15 September 2015: A day after threatening rocket launches, North Korea declared Tuesday that it has revamped and restarted all its atomic bomb fuel production plants
2016: 7 February 2016: North Korea launches long-range rocket, triggering international condemnation - 3 March 2016: After fresh UN sanctions for its recent nuclear test and long-range rocket launch, North Korean regime fires a volley of short-range missiles into the sea off its east coast - 10 March: North Korean regime fires two short-range ballistic missiles into sea - 21 March: After North Korean regime has launched at least five short-range projectiles off the coast, tensions are rising on the Korean peninsula - 9 avril: Régime dit tester un moteur de missile intercontinental - 23 April: North Korea reportedly fired a submarine-launched ballistic missile off its east coast in clear breach of UN sanctions - 22 June 2016: North Korea conducts dual tests of Musudan medium-range missile in violation of UN security council resolutions - 19 July 2016: North Korea launches three more ballistic missiles - 3 août: La Corée du Nord lance un missile balistique en mer - 25 August 2016: North Korea fired a submarine-launched ballistic missile near coastal city of Sinpo, which flew about 300 miles
January-June 2017: 8 January 2017: After North Korean regime said it could test an ICBM at any time from any location, USA's Ash Carter says his country prepared to shoot down a North Korean missile launch - 12 February 2017: North Korea has launched a missile that flew 500km before coming down in the Sea of Japan, watched by South Korea - 6 March 2017: North Korea fires four missiles into sea near Japan, three of which fell into Japanese waters - 19 March 2017: North Korea tests newly developed high-thrust rocket engine - 5 April 2017: North Korea fires ballistic missile into Sea of Japan - 16 April 2017: North Korean test launch fails after missile blows up 'almost immediately' - 29 April 2017: According to South Korea's military, North Korean regime unsuccessfully test-fired a ballistic missile on Saturday from a region north of its capital, defying international criticism of its aggressive politics and activities - 14 May 2017: A projectile test launched by North Korean regime that reached an unusually high altitude before landing in the Sea of Japan may have been a new kind of ballistic missile, according to Japanese ministry, as South Korea’s new president Moon Jae-in condemns the regime's 'clear violation' of UN security council resolutions banning North Korean missile tests - 21 May 2017: North Korea fired an unidentified projectile on Sunday, South Korea’s military says - 29 May 2017: After ballistic missile fired from North Korea, landing in Japan waters, the Japanese government strongly protested to North Korea, condemning its violation of UN resolutions that also endangers shipping and air traffic - 8 June 2017: North Korea launches missile salvo at area in part of Sea of Japan where US aircraft carrier fleet had sailed
Since July 2017: 4 July 2017: North Korea launches midrange ballistic missile in Japan sea, as regime claims to have conducted its first test of an intercontinental ballistic missile - 29 July 2017: North Korea’s second ICBM test reportedly puts much of USA, including Los Angeles and Chicago, in range - 26 August 2017: North Korea fired several short-range missiles into the sea off its east coast early on Saturday - 29 August 2017: North Korean regime fires missile over Japan in 'unprecedented’ escalation, but Chinese and Russian regime pretend that the USA and South Korea are partly to blame - 15 September 2017: North Korean regime fires missile thought to be intermediate-range over Japan in defiance of international sanctions over its banned missile and nuclear programs, as Japan calls for an emergency meeting of the UN security council
1 November 2019 'super-large multiple rocket launcher': 1 November 2019: North Korea hails test of 'super-large multiple rocket launcher'
4 August 2020 North Korea has 'probably' developed nuclear devices to fit ballistic missiles: 4 August 2020: North Korea has 'probably' developed nuclear devices to fit ballistic missiles, UN says
Since 2006 list of nuclear weapons tests of North Korea: List of nuclear weapons tests of North Korea since 2006
2006 North Korean nuclear test: October 2006 North Korean nuclear test
2009 North Korean nuclear test: May 2009 North Korean nuclear test
4 August 2020 North Korea has 'probably' developed nuclear devices to fit ballistic missiles: 4 August 2020: North Korea has 'probably' developed nuclear devices to fit ballistic missiles, UN says
Chemical and biological weapons of North Korea: Chemical and biological weapons of North Korea
North Korean society, demographics and human rights: North Korean society
UN reports into human rights violations in North Korea:
Cities and special cities of North Korea: List of cities in North Korea - Special cities of North Korea
Culture of Korea and North Korea: Culture of Korea - Culture of North Korea
Women and women's rights in North Korea: Women in North Korea - Women's rights in North Korea
Health in North Korea: Health in North Korea
Malnutrition in North Korea: Malnutrition in North Korea
Healthcare in North Korea: Healthcare in North Korea
Censorship in North Korea: Censorship in North Korea
Telecommunications in North Korea: Telecommunications in North Korea
Crime and political repression in North Korea: Crime in North Korea
Ministry of 'People's Security' in North Korea: Ministry of People's Security
Prisons in North Korea: Prisons in North Korea - Kwalliso
Torture and human experimentation in North Korea: Torture in North Korea - Human experimentation in North Korea
Capital punishment in North Korea: Capital punishment in North Korea
Human trafficking in North Korea: Human trafficking in North Korea
Politics of North Korea: Politics of North Korea
Foreign relations of North Korea: Foreign relations of North Korea
Terrorism committed by North Korea: Terrorism committed by North Korea
International reactions to the January 2016 North Korean nuclear test: International reactions to the 2016 North Korean nuclear test
International reactions to the September 2016 North Korean nuclear test: International reactions to the September 2016 North Korean nuclear test
North Korea/United Nations relations - North Korean threats, inquiries and sanctions: - Korea, North Korea and the United Nations - Since 1950 List of United Nations Security Council resolutions concerning North Korea
North Korea/Australia relations: North Korea/Australia relations
North Korea/PR of China relations: North Korea/PR of China relations - Koreans in China
North Korea/Germany relations: North Korea/Germany relations
North Korea/Iran relations: North Korea/Iran relations
Arms production and weapons sales between North Korea and Iran: Weapons sales between North Korea and Iran
North Korean weapons sales to Iran, Syria, global military cooperation and threats: Weapons sales between North Korea and Iran and military cooperation
1910-1945 Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty and Korea under Japanese rule: Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty of 1910 - Korea under Japanese rule 1910-1945
Korean independence movement: Korean independence movement
1939-1945 Korea in World War II: Korea in World War II 1939-1945
North Korea/South Korea relations: North Korea/South Korea relations
Since 1990th Post-Cold War Korean conflict: Since 1990th Post-Cold War Korean conflict
April 2013: 1 April: South Korean President says there would be strong and swift military response to any North Korean provocation - 3 April: After North Korea blocked South Korean access to the Seoul-funded Kaesong joint industrial zone, South Korea's defence ministry said it had contingency plans to ensure the safety of its citizens working in the joint industrial zone - 9 April: North Korea warns foreigners in South Korea to evacuate, warns of nuclear war - 9 avril: Aucun employé nord-coréen n'était présent sur le site intercoréen de Kaesong, au lendemain de l'annonce du retrait de ses 53.000 citoyens de la zone et de la fermeture de ce complexe industriel - 14 April: North Korea rejects South Korea's proposal to resolve rising tension through dialogue - 17 avril: La Corée du Nord empêche l'acheminement de vivres aux Sud-Coréens de Kaesong - 26 avril: Pyongyang refuse le dialogue avec Séoul à propos de Kaesong - 29 avril: Les derniers Sud-Coréens doivent quitter le site industriel de Kaesong - 30 April: North Korea has ignored a plea by South Korean businessmen to visit joint industrial zone for talks on its future
2013: 6 juin 2013: Reprise du dialogue entre les deux Corées - 9 June 2013: North and South Korean officials hold first talks in years in Panmunjom, intending to pave the way for ministerial-level talks in Seoul - 10 June 2013: North and South Korea agree to government-level meeting in this week - 12 June: North Korea cancels high-level talks with South - 13 juin: Pourparlers annulés entre les deux Corées, Pyongyang rejette la faute sur Séoul - 17 June: South Korea joined the US in insisting that North Korea take concrete steps towards abandoning its nuclear weapons if it genuinely wants to end its international isolation - 6/7 July: South and North Korea officials start talks on reopening the Kaesong industrial complex, and agree to reopen joint industrial zone - 10 juillet: Les Corées du Nord et du Sud relancent les pourparlers sur Kaesong - 27 juillet 2013: Le régime nord-coréen célèbre les 60 ans de l'armistice 1953 avec la plus grande parade militaire de son histoire - 11 septembre: Les deux Corées s'accordent sur la réouverture de Kaesong le 16 septembre
2014: 1 January 2014: North Korea's Kim Jong-Un warns of nuclear disaster on the Korean peninsula - 6 February 2014: North Korea threatens to cancel family reunions with the South, a day after agreeing to hold them - 12 February: North and South Korea hold high-level meeting at border with family reunions, military exercises and tourism on the agenda - 25 February: A North Korean patrol boat violates sea border with the South several times amid drills - 26 March: North Korea breaches UN resolutions by firing two medium-range Rodong missiles, as South Korea, USA and Japan discuss how to deal with Pyongyang regime and the South urges change - 31 March: After shells from a North Korean live-fire drill fell south of the Koreas' disputed western sea boundary, North and South exchanged fire - 1 April: Suspected North Korean drone found on South Korean island near border with North as two countries trade fire - 29 April: North Korean regime tells South it will conduct military exercises near sea boundary - 8 May: Three North Korean drones that crashed in South Korea were programmed to return after flying over military installations in the South - 20 May: After North Korean incursion of three North Korean patrol boats South Korea fires warning shots - 28/29 June 2014: South Korea says North Korea has fired two Scud missiles into the sea from its east coast
January/February 2018: 3 January 2018: North Korean regime reopens hotline with South Korea, raising hopes of a diplomatic thaw after Kim Jong-un said he would consider sending his country’s athletes to next month’s Winter Olympics, to be held just south of the border - 5 January 2018: North Korea agrees to first talks with South in two years - 10 January 2018: South Korea's Moon Jae-in says USA-led sanctions and pressure on North Korea helped bring about first inter-Korea talks in more than two years - 10 February 2018: North Korea’s dictator Kim Jong-un has invited the South Korean president Moon Jae-in to visit Pyongyang at the 'earliest date possible' for what would be the first summit between the two nations in more than a decade, as his sister, who is also the half-sister of Kim Jong-nam, assassinated with VX nerve agent on 13 February 2017, made the overture during a lunch at Seoul’s presidential palace
North Korea/Kuwait relations: North Korea/Kuwait relations
6 August 2016 in Kuwait North Korean economic lifeline comes under pressure: 6 August 2016: In Kuwait, a North Korean economic lifeline comes under pressure
North Korea/Latin America relations: North Korea/Latin America relations
North Korea/Malaysia relations: North Korea/Malaysia relations
North Korea/Myanmar relations: North Korea/Myanmar relations
North Korea/Palestine relations: North Korea/Palestine relations
North Korea/Russia relations: North Korea/Russia relations
24 August 2011 Kim Jong-il in rare Russian talks on economic co-operation: 24 August 2011: Kim Jong-il in rare Russian talks on economic co-operation (Gazprom)
North Korea/Syria relations: North Korea/Syria relations
North Korea/Ukraine relations: North Korea/Ukraine relations
North Korea/USA relations: North Korea/USA relations
1950-1953 USA in the Korean War: USA in the Korean War 1950-1953
Since 1990th Post-Cold War Korean conflict: Since 1990th Post-Cold War Korean conflict
Conservation in North Korea: Conservation in North Korea
Water in North Korea: Water in North Korea
Natural disasters in North Korea: Natural disasters in North Korea
2015 drought in Korea: 2015 drought in Korea
Typhoons in North Korea: Typhoons in North Korea
Floods in North Korea: Floods in North Korea

South Korea - Geography of South Korea - Korean Peninsula - Climate of South Korea - Demographics of South Korea
Shipbuilding companies of South Korea: Shipbuilding companies of South Korea
Water in South Korea: Water in South Korea
Water transport in South Korea: Water transport in South Korea
List of exports of South Korea: List of exports of South Korea
Financial services in South Korea: Financial services in South Korea - Banks in South Korea
Economic history of South Korea and economic cycles: Economic history of South Korea
Foreign worker legislation in South Korea: Foreign worker legislation in South Korea
Military of South Korea: Republic of Korea Armed Forces
Taxation in South Korea: Taxation in South Korea
Political parties in South Korea: Political parties in South Korea
1950-1953 Korean War and USA intervention: 1950-1953 Korean War and USA intervention
2018 South Korean local elections: 13 June 2018 South Korean local elections
April 2019 South Korean by-elections: 3 April 2019 South Korean by-elections
1960 April Revolution: April Revolution 1960
1979/1980 Seoul Spring: Seoul Spring 1979/80
June 1987 Democracy Movement: June Democracy Movement 1987
2006 South Korean railroad strike: South Korean railroad strike of 2006
Special cities of South Korea: List of special cities of South Korea
List of cities and counties of Gyeonggi Province: List of cities and counties of Gyeonggi Province
Seoul Metropolitan Government: Seoul Metropolitan Government
Economy of Seoul: Economy of Seoul
1948 Seoul city capital of the Republic of Korea: 1948 Seoul city becomes capital of the Republic of Korea
History and timeline of Busan: History and timeline of Busan
History of Daegu: History of Daegu
Gender inequality in South Korea: Gender inequality in South Korea
Children and youth in South Korea: Youth in South Korea - Youth rights in South Korea
Youth unemployment in South Korea: Youth unemployment in South Korea
Colleges and universities in South Korea: Universities and colleges in South Korea
Health in South Korea: Health in South Korea
Medical outbreaks, distasters and man-made disasters in South Korea: Medical outbreaks in South Korea - Disasters in South Korea - Man-made disasters in South Korea
2015 Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreak in South Korea: 20 May 2015 - present Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreak in South Korea
Since January 2020 covid-19 pandemic in South Korea: Since January 2020 covid-19 pandemic in South Korea and timeline
Statistics of the covid-19 pandemic in South Korea: Statistics of the covid-19 pandemic in South Korea
Timeline of the covid-19 pandemic in South Korea: Timeline of the covid-19 pandemic in South Korea
29 July 2021 once a covid-19 success story, South Korea sweats through summer of Delta surge: 29 July 2021: Once a Covid success story, South Korea sweats through summer of Delta surge
Youth and women's sport in South Korea: Youth sport in South Korea - Women's sport in South Korea
Freedom of the press in South Korea: Freedom of the press in South Korea - Censorship in South Korea
Newspapers in South Korea: Newspapers in South Korea
Telecommunications in South Korea: Telecommunications in South Korea
Internet in South Korea: Internet in South Korea
Internet censorship in South Korea: Internet censorship in South Korea
Crime in South Korea: Crime in South Korea
Corruption in South Korea: Corruption in South Korea
Since 2016 South Korean political scandal: Since 2016 South Korean political scandal
Domestic violence in South Korea: Domestic violence in South Korea
Human trafficking in South Korea: Human trafficking in South Korea
Man-made disasters in South Korea: Man-made disasters in South Korea
Transport disasters in South Korea: Transport disasters in South Korea
Aviation accidents and incidents in South Korea: Aviation accidents and incidents in South Korea
Judicial System and Courts in South Korea: Judicial System and Courts in South Korea
Law enforcement in South Korea: Law enforcement in South Korea
Foreign relations of South Korea: Foreign relations of South Korea
South Korea/Australia relations: South Korea/Australia relations
Korean Australians: Korean Australians
South Korea/Brazil relations: South Korea/Brazil relations
South Korea/Iran relations: South Korea/Iran relations
South Korea/Israel relations: South Korea/Israel relations since 1962
Israeli-South Korean economic relations: Israeli-South Korean economic relations
1592–1598 Japanese invasions of Korea: 1592–1598 Japanese invasions of Korea
1910-1945 Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty and Korea under Japanese rule: Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty of 1910 - Korea under Japanese rule 1910-1945
Korean independence movement: Korean independence movement
1939-1945 Korea in World War II: Korea in World War II 1939-1945
2012/2013: 10 August 2012: South Korean leader's islands visit angers Japan - 18 October: South Korea reacted angrily to a visit by Japanese opposition leader Shinzo Abe to Yasukuni war shrine, saying Japan should 'have the courage' to face up to its brutal wartime aggression - 18 October: Two ministers, Hata and Shimoji, visit Yasukuni war shrine - 28 May 2013: Japan's World War II legacy remains an open wound as once again Japanese politicians like Hashimoto don't want to acknowledge wartime wrongs and are out of touch with the sentiments of their neighbors and the international community - 15 August 2013: China and South Korea strongly condemned the visits of Japanese cabinet members, lawmakers and other politicians to the notorious Yasukuni Shrine, which honors 14 Class-A war criminals in the World War II - 18 August: Nippon Steel&Sumitomo Metal sued by South Korean wartime slave workers is ready to pay compensation if it loses a long-running legal battle
South Korea/North Korea relations: South Korea/North Korea relations
Since 1990th Post-Cold War Korean conflict: Since 1990th Post-Cold War Korean conflict
June/July 2013: 6 juin: Reprise du dialogue entre les deux Corées - 9 June: North and South Korean officials hold first talks in years in Panmunjom, intending to pave the way for ministerial-level talks in Seoul - 10 June: North and South Korea agree to government-level meeting in this week - 12 June: North Korea cancels high-level talks with South - 17 June: South Korea joined the US in insisting that North Korea take concrete steps towards abandoning its nuclear weapons if it genuinely wants to end its international isolation - 6/7 July: South and North Korea officials start talks on reopening the Kaesong industrial complex, and agree to reopen joint industrial zone - 10 July: Two Koreas hold talks on joint industrial site Kaesong - 22 juillet: Cinquième tour de table sur le site industriel de Kaesong - 22/23 July: Koreas fail to agree on reopening Kaesong complex after the North insists it was not responsable for its shutdown and as the North launches its annual Arirang festival with war victory theme
South Korea/USA relations: South Korea/USA relations
South Korea/Vietnam relations: South Korea/Vietnam relations
Landforms and ecoregions of South Korea: Landforms of South Korea - Ecoregions of South Korea
List of rivers of Korea by drainage: List of rivers of Korea by drainage
Gyeongju nuclear waste disposal facility: Gyeongju nuclear waste disposal facility
Natural disasters in South Korea: Natural disasters in South Korea
Earthquakes in South Korea: Earthquakes in South Korea
September 2016 Gyeongju earthquake: 12 September 2016 Gyeongju earthquake
Weather events in South Korea: Weather events in South Korea
Droughts in Korea: Droughts in Korea
Wildfires in South Korea: Wildfires in South Korea
Typhoons in South Korea: Typhoons in South Korea
2015 Typhoon Chan-hom: June/July 2015 Typhoon Chan-hom
Floods in South Korea: Floods in South Korea
2011 floods: 2011 Seoul floods


Kurdish people
Since 1920/1921 Kurdish rebellions in Turkey: Since 1920/1921 Kurdish rebellions in Turkey
Since 1970s Kurdish–Turkish conflict: Kurdish–Turkish conflict 1970s-present
Since 1984 Kurdish villages depopulated by Turkey: Since 1984 Kurdish villages depopulated by Turkey
1992-present Turkish Armed Forces operations in Northern Iraq: 1992-present Turkish Armed Forces operations in Northern Iraq
Since January 2017 Timeline of the Kurdish–Turkish conflict: Since January 2017 Timeline of the Kurdish–Turkish conflict
Iraqi Kurdistan: Iraqi Kurdistan - Iraqi–Kurdish conflict 1918-2003 - Disputed territories of Northern Iraq
Politcs and human rights in Iraqi Kurdistan: Human rights in Iraqi Kurdistan
2012/2013: 28 July 2012: Kurd leader Massoud Barzani warns against budget cuts by Iraq - 10 January 2013: Syrian Kurds find refuge in northern Iraq - camp Domiz is home to about 30.000 Syrian Kurds who are allowed to move freely and work in the region - 14 mai: Les premiers rebelles du PKK arrivent en Irak après leur retrait de Turquie - 11 June 2013: More than 1,000 Kurdish career soldiers in the Iraqi army have deserted and want to be integrated into the Kurdish former rebel peshmerga militia - 26 June 2013: A Kurdish bloc won the most seats in one of two provinces that held delayed elections last week, surprisingly beating out the governor's Sunni Arab party - 28 July: A suicide car bomber rammed his vehicle into a Kurdish security patrol in northern city of Tuz Khormato killing eight people and wounding five more - 18 août 2013: Des milliers de Kurdes syriens affluent dans la région autonome du Kurdistan irakien en quête d'un peu de répit, loin des privations et des combats contre les jihadistes - 29 septembre: Au moins six personnes ont été tuées dans une série d’attentats à Erbil, au Kurdistan irakien - 17 November 2013: Iraqi Kurdish president in Turkey to back PM's peace effort
Kurdistan Region/Germany relations: Kurdistan Region/Germany relations
Iraqi Kurdistan/Israel relations: Iraqi Kurdistan/Israel relations
Iraqi Kurdistan/USA relations: Iraqi Kurdistan/USA relations
Iraqi Kurdistan–Rojava relations: Iraqi Kurdistan/Rojava relations
Since December 2011 Turkey's involvement in Syria: Since December 2011 Turkey's involvement in Syria
2012 Syrian Kurdistan campaign: Syrian Kurdistan campaign (2012–present)
2013: 14 avril 2013: Un avion d'Assad a bombardé ce dimanche un village à majorité kurde du nord-est de la Syrie, entraînant la mort de 16 personnes, dont trois enfants - 22 July: Fresh clashes erupt between Kurds and Syrian Islamists along Turkey border - 26 juillet: Un homme a été tué et ses trois enfants blessés lorsqu'un obus de mortier tiré de Syrie a atteint Ceylanpinar à la frontière en face de Rass al-Ain, où des combats entre un groupe kurde et des djihadistes ont été signalés ces dix derniers jours - 30 July: The prominent Syrian Kurdish politician and Assad opponent Isa Huso killed in a car bomb attack in Qamishli, near the Turkish border, officials say - 31 juillet: Des groupes jihadistes liés au réseau Al-Qaïda ont pris en otages environ 200 civils kurdes après de violents combats avec des combattants kurdes dans deux villages de l'est de la Syrie - 17 août: 17 morts dans une offensive d'Al-Qaïda dans la région à majorité kurde du nord de la Syrie - 18 août: Des milliers de Kurdes syriens affluent dans la région autonome du Kurdistan irakien en quête d'un peu de répit, loin des privations et des combats contre les jihadistes
2016: 24 February: Britain’s FM Philip Hammond says that his country had seen 'disturbing evidence' that the Kurdish PYD militias are coordinating with the Assad regime and the Russian air force - 17 March: Syrian Kurds are preparing a plan to declare a federal region in the area they control across northern Syria, but face roster of opponents - 18 March 2016: Two hundred representatives of the 'self-administration' in the regions of Al-Jazira, Ain al-Arab (Kobani), and Afrin reached a final agreement on the terms of federal rule, electing joint presidents of federalist Kurdish areas of northern Syria Hadiyeh Youssef and Mansour Saloum - 21 March 2016: The Kurdish National Council criticizes the 'Democratic Union Party singlehandedly announcing a one-sided federal democratic union', saying the PYD project is 'far from the national and geographic particularities of Syrian Kurdistan'
Politics of Rojava: Politics of Rojava
Since January 2014 Constitution of Rojava: Since January 2014 Constitution of Rojava
Legal system in Rojava: Legal system in Rojava
Foreign relations of Rojava: Foreign relations of Rojava
Rojava/Iraqi Kurdistan relations: Rojava/Iraqi Kurdistan relations
Rojava/Turkey relations: Rojava/Turkey relations
Rojava/USA relations: Rojava/USA relations


Kyrgyzstan - Geography of Kyrgyzstan - History of Kyrgyzstan - Demographics of Kyrgyzstan
October 2020 Kyrgyz parliamentary election: 4 October 2020 Kyrgyz parliamentary election
11 October 2020 Kyrgyzstan's Zhaparov named country's new PM: 11 October 2020: Kyrgyzstan's Sadyr Zhaparov has been named the country's new prime minister
10 January 2021 Kyrgyz presidential election: 10 January 2021 Kyrgyz presidential election
January 2021 Kyrgyz presidential election preliminary results: 10 January 2021 Kyrgyz presidential election preliminary results, won by Sadyr Japarov
Social movements and protests in Kyrgyzstan: Protests in Kyrgyzstan
2005 Tulip Revolution or First Kyrgyz Revolution: Tulip Revolution or First Kyrgyz Revolution 2005
April-December 2010 Kyrgyzstani revolution: April-December 2010 Kyrgyzstani revolution
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Kyrgyzstan: Kyrgyzstani society - Human rights in Kyrgyzstan - Religion in Kyrgyzstan - Freedom of religion in Kyrgyzstan
Languages and culture in Kyrgyzstan: Languages in Kyrgyzstan - Culture of Kyrgyzstan
Education in Kyrgyzstan: Education in Kyrgyzstan
Health and healthcare in Kyrgyzstan: Health and healthcare in Kyrgyzstan
Terrorism in Kyrgyzstan: Terrorism in Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan/Kazakhstan relations: Kyrgyzstan/Kazakhstan relations
Kyrgyzstan/Russia relations: Kyrgyzstan/Russia relations
Kyrgyzstan/Tajikistan relations: Kyrgyzstan/Tajikistan relations
April 2021 Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan conflict: April 2021 Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan conflict
Since 14 September 2022 Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan clashes, timeline and escalation: 14 September 2022 - present Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan clashes, timeline and escalation
Kyrgyzstan/Uzbekistan relations: Kyrgyzstan/Uzbekistan relations - Syr Darya river
Environment of Kyrgyzstan: Environment of Kyrgyzstan
Water in Kyrgyzstan: Water in Kyrgyzstan
Environmental issues in Kyrgyzstan: Environmental issues in Kyrgyzstan
Natural disasters in Kyrgyzstan: Natural disasters in Kyrgyzstan
Earthquakes in Kyrgyzstan: Earthquakes in Kyrgyzstan


Laos - Geography of Laos - History of Laos - Demographics of Laos
Mining industry of Laos: Mining industry of Laos
Coffee production in Laos: Coffee production in Laos
Rural society in Laos: Rural society in Laos
Fishing industry in Laos: Fishing industry in Laos
Nam Theun river and dam: Nam Theun river - Nam Theun 2 Dam
List of banks in Laos: List of banks in Laos
Economic history of Laos and economic cycles: Economic history of Laos
January 2019: Laos to set state-owned enterprises path to profitability: 9 January 2019: Laos to set state-owned enterprises path to profitability
Military of Laos: Lao People's Armed Forces
Military history of Laos: Military history of Laos
1953-1975 Laotian Civil War: 1953-1975 Laotian Civil War
National Assembly of Laos: National Assembly of Laos - President of Laos
Elections and politics in Laos: Elections in Laos - Latest election March 2016
January 2021 National Congress of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party: 11-15 January 2021 11th National Congress of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party
February 2021 Laotian parliamentary election: 21 February 2021 Laotian parliamentary election
Society and human rights in Laos: Laotian society - Human rights in Laos
History and timeline of Vientiane: History and timeline of Vientiane
2009 Southeast Asian Games in Vientiane: December 2009 Southeast Asian Games in Vientiane
Demographics and ethnic groups in Laos: Demographics of Laos - List of ethnic groups in Laos
Culture and languages of Laos: Culture of Laos - Languages of Laos
Women in Laos: Women in Laos
Education in Laos: Education in Laos
Schools in Laos: Schools in Laos
List of museums in Laos: List of museums in Laos
Health in Laos: Health in Laos
Disease outbreaks in Laos: Disease outbreaks in Laos
Hospitals in Laos: Hospitals in Laos
Crime in Laos: Crime in Laos
Human trafficking in Laos: Human trafficking in Laos
Drugs and narcotics trafficking in Laos: Drugs and drug policy in Laos
Law enforcement in Laos: Law enforcement in Laos
Foreign relations of Laos: Foreign relations of Laos
Treaties of Laos: Treaties of Laos
Membership in international organizations: Laos' membership in international organizations
Bilateral relations of Laos: Bilateral relations of Laos
Laos/Cambodia relations: Laos/Cambodia relations
Laos/China relations: Laos/China relations
Laos/France relations: Laos/France relations
1893–1945, 1946–1953 French 'Protectorate' of Laos: French Protectorate of Laos 1893–1945, 1946–1953
Laos/Soviet Union and Russia relations: Laos/Soviet Union relations since 1960 - Laos/Russia relations
Laos/Thailand relations: Laos/Thailand relations
Laos/USA relations: Laos/USA relations
Since the 1950s CIA activities in Laos: CIA activities in Laos started in the 1950s
Laos/Vietnam relations: Laos/Vietnam relations
Vietnamese people in Laos: Vietnamese people in Laos
List of ecoregions in Laos: List of ecoregions in Laos
Water in Laos: Water in Laos - Rivers of Laos
Natural disasters in Laos: Natural disasters in Laos
Typhoons in Laos: Typhoons in Laos


Malaysia - Geography of Malaysia - History of Malaysia - Demographics of Malaysia
Motor vehicle manufacturers of Malaysia: Motor vehicle manufacturers of Malaysia
Electronics and computer companies of Malaysia: Electronics companies of Malaysia - Computer companies of Malaysia
Fishing in Malaysia: Fishing in Malaysia
Water in Malaysia: Water in Malaysia
Banks of Malaysia: Banks of Malaysia
Economic history of Malaysia and economic cycles: Economic history of Malaysia since 1970s
Taxation and budget in Malaysia:
List of Malaysian states by GDP: List of Malaysian states by GDP
Elections and politics in Malaysia: Elections in Malaysia
Since March 2020 Malaysian political crisis: Since March 2020 Malaysian political crisis
Social movements and protests in Malaysia: Protests in Malaysia
2013-2015: 13 January 2013: At least 45.000 people have joined a massive opposition rally in Kuala Lumpur ahead of key general elections due in months - 9 May 2013: Some 50,000 Malaysians rally against polls results in Kuala Lumpur - May Day anti-GST (Goods and Services Tax) rally 2014 - May Day anti-Goods and Services Tax rally 2015 - 2 May 2015: Malaysian police arrested 30 protesters at a rally of more than 10,000 people in Kuala Lumpur, demonstrating against a new goods and services tax at a rate of 6% - Bersih 4.0 rally are a series of planned rallies to be carried out on 29 to 30 August in major cities in Malaysia, namely Kuala Lumpur, Kota Kinabalu and Kuching - 29 July 2015: Malaysian electoral-reform group Bersih calls for August rallies in 3 states - 29 August 2015: Malaysian protests calling for the government to address multi-million dollar financial scandal - 30 August 2015: Thousands of Malaysians back to the centre of Kuala Lumpur, assembling again in an illegal demonstration to call for the resignation of PM Razak, who is battling the fallout from the government's financial scandal
Society, demographics, culture, languages, human rights and religion in Malaysia: Malaysian society - Human rights in Malaysia - Religion in Malaysia - Freedom of religion in Malaysia - Islam in Malaysia - Buddhism in Malaysia - Hinduism in Malaysia
States, federal territories and districts of Malaysia: 13 states and 3 federal territories of Malaysia - List of districts in Malaysia by state
History and timeline of Kuala Lumpur: History and timeline of Kuala Lumpur
Demographics and ethnic groups in Malaysia: Demographics of Malaysia - Ethnic groups in Malaysia
Culture and languages in Malaysia: Culture of Malaysia - Languages in Malaysia
Science and technology in Malaysia: Science and technology in Malaysia
Health in Malaysia: Health in Malaysia
Health disasters in Malaysia: Health disasters in Malaysia
Since 25 January 2020 covid-19 pandemic in Malaysia: Since 25 January 2020 covid-19 pandemic in Malaysia
List of hospitals in Malaysia: List of hospitals in Malaysia
Newspapers in Malaysia: List of newspapers in Malaysia
Broadcasting in Malaysia: Radio in Malaysia - Television in Malaysia
Internet in Malaysia: Internet in Malaysia
Malaysian websites and social networking services: Malaysian websites, social media and social networking services
Crime in Malaysia: Crime in Malaysia
Corruption and white collar crime in Malaysia: Corruption in Malaysia
Law of Malaysia and Malaysian legal history: Law of Malaysia - Malaysian legal history - Human rights in Malaysia
2015/2016 Sabah State Water Department corruption probe: 2015/2016 MACC Sabah State Water Department corruption probe
Law enforcement in Malaysia: Law enforcement in Malaysia
Foreign relations of Malaysia: Foreign relations of Malaysia
Treaties of Malaysia: Treaties of Malaysia
Malaysia's membership in international organisations: Malaysia's membership in international organisations
Malaysia and the United Nations: Malaysia and the United Nations - UN Agencies in Malaysia
Bilateral relations of Malaysia: Bilateral relations of Malaysia
Malaysia/Australia relations: Malaysia/Australia relations
January 2016 people, believed to be Indonesian immigrants, washed ashore in Malaysia after their boat capsized: 26 January 2016: The bodies of 13 people, believed to be Indonesian immigrants, have washed ashore in Malaysia after their boat capsized in rough conditions
Malaysia/North Korea relations: Malaysia/North Korea relations
Malaysia/Netherlands relations: Malaysia/Netherlands relations
Malaysia/Russia relations: Malaysia/Russia relations
2015 'Bellingcat' open source MH17 investigation: 8 October 2015: The 'Bellingcat' open source investigation into the downing of Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17 summarizes that on 17 July 2014 a Buk missile launcher, originating from the 53rd Brigade near Kursk in Russia, travelled from Donetsk to Snizhne, was then unloaded and drove under its own power to a field south of Snizhne, where at approximately 4:20 pm it launched a surface-to-air missile that hit Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17 as it flew over Ukraine, and was driven back on the morning of July 18 from Luhansk in Ukraine across the border to Russia, adding that 'alternative scenarios presented by the Russian Ministry of Defense and Almaz-Antey are at best deeply flawed, and at worst show a deliberate attempt to mislead using fabricated evidence'
Malaysia/Singapore relations: Malaysia/Singapore relations
Malaysia/Switzerland relations: Malaysia/Switzerland relations
Malaysia/Syria relations: Malaysia/Syria relations
Syrian refugees in Malaysia: Syrian refugees in Malaysia
Malaysia/Thailand relations: Malaysia/Thailand relations
Malaysia/Ukraine relations: Malaysia/Ukraine relations
Malaysia/United Kingdom relations: Malaysia/United Kingdom relations
Malaysia/Vietnam relations: Malaysia/Vietnam relations
Economic and trade relations: Malaysia/Vietnam economic and trade relations
Natural disasters in Malaysia: Natural disasters in Malaysia
2004 effect of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake on Malaysia: Effect of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake on Malaysia
October 2013, November 2014 Cameron district mud floods: October 2013 Cameron Highlands mud floods - November 2014 Cameron Highlands mud floods
Landslides in Malaysia: Landslides in Malaysia


Maldives - Geography of the Maldives - History of the Maldives - Demographics of the Maldives
Tourism in the Maldives: Tourism in the Maldives
Politics of the Maldives and elections: Politics of the Maldives - Political parties in the Maldives
Society, human rights, demographics and culture in the Maldives: Maldivian society
Demographics of the Maldives: Demographics of the Maldives
Culture and languages of the Maldives: Culture of the Maldives - Languages of the Maldives
Women in the Maldives: Women in the Maldives
Health and healthcare in the Maldives: Health in the Maldives
Internet in the Maldives: Internet in the Maldives
Human rights in the Maldives: Human rights in the Maldives
Prisoners of conscience held by the Maldives: Prisoners of conscience held by the Maldives
Buddhism, Hinduism and Islam in the Maldives: Buddhism in the Maldives - Hinduism in the Maldives - Islam in the Maldives
Crime in the Maldives: Crime in the Maldives
Human trafficking in the Maldives: Human trafficking in the Maldives
Judiciary of the Maldives: Judiciary of the Maldives
Law enforcement in the Maldives: Law enforcement in the Maldives
Foreign relations the Maldives: Foreign relations of the Maldives
Maldives/Bangladesh relations: Maldives/Bangladesh relations
Maldives/India relations: Maldives/India relations
Maldives/Pakistan relations: Maldives/Pakistan relations
Maldives/United Kingdom relations: Maldives/United Kingdom relations
Maldives/United Nations relations: Maldives/United Nations relations
Maldives/USA relations: Maldives/USA relations
List of protected areas of Maldives: List of protected areas of Maldives


Mongolia - Geography of Mongolia - History of Mongolia - Demographics of Mongolia
Energy and electricity sector in Mongolia: Energy in Mongolia - Electricity sector in Mongolia
Coal in Mongolia: Coal in Mongolia
Horse culture in Mongolia: Horse culture in Mongolia
Transport in Mongolia: Transport in Mongolia
Tourism in Mongolia: Tourism in Mongolia
Mongolian Armed Forces: Mongolian Armed Forces
Politics of Mongolia: Politics of Mongolia
1992 Constitution of Mongolia: 1992 Constitution of Mongolia
Political parties in Mongolia: Political parties in Mongolia
Trade unions in Mongolia: Trade unions in Mongolia
1206-1368 Mongol Empire, the largest contiguous land empire in history: 1206-1368 Mongol Empire, the largest contiguous land empire in history. Originating in Mongolia in East Asia, the Mongol Empire at its height stretched from the Sea of Japan to parts of Eastern Europe, extending northward into parts of the Arctic, eastward and southward into the Indian subcontinent, Mainland Southeast Asia and the Iranian Plateau, and westward as far as the Levant and the Carpathian Mountains, after the Mongol Empire emerged from the unification of several nomadic tribes in the Mongol homeland under the leadership of Genghis Khan since 1162, during the European 'High Middle Ages. Thanks to great military superiority before major developments in the 12th/13th centuries of the gunpowder age, the Mongol Empire grew rapidly under following Khan's rule and that of his descendants, who sent out invading armies in every direction. The vast transcontinental empire connected the East with the West, and the Pacific to the Mediterranean, in an enforced Pax Mongolica, allowing the dissemination and exchange of trade, technologies, commodities and ideologies across Eurasia, but - like the later Spanish empire since 1492 and other empires - without establishment of sufficient production facilities for emerging technologies
Since early 20th century modern period of Mongolia: Since early 20th century modern period of Mongolia
Elections and politics in Mongolia: Elections in Mongolia
June 2012 Mongolian legislative election: 28 June 2012 Mongolian legislative election
June 2013 Mongolian presidential election: 26 June 2013 Mongolian presidential election
June 2016 Mongolian legislative election: 29 June 2016 Mongolian legislative election
17 June 2021 as Asia still confronts covid-19 Mongolia must continue sustainable development taking action on global climate change: 17 June 2021: As Asia and the Pacific confronts and recovers from the covid-19 pandemic, Mongolia must continue the pursuit of sustainable development and take action on global climate change, the existential challenge of our time, as region must take its place at the front lines of this effort, now accounting for 36% of global GDP, after making great progress in economic development and poverty reduction, but remains also responsible for around 80% of the world’s coal consumption, and up to 60% of CO2 emissions, as many countries have experienced the devastating consequences of climate change includig floods, droughts, heat waves, and storms, 'gogo Mongolia' reports
Social movements and protests in Mongolia: Social movements and protests in Mongolia
Society, demographics, human right and culture in Mongolia: Mongolian society - Human rights in Mongolia
Provinces, districts and cities of Mongolia: 21 Provinces of Mongolia - 331 Districts of Mongolia
Demographics and ethnic groups in Mongolia: Demographics of Mongolia - Ethnic groups in Mongolia
Women in Mongolia: Women in Mongolia
Education in Mongolia: Education in Mongolia
Schools in Mongolia: Schools in Mongolia
Universities in Mongolia: Universities in Mongolia
Health and healthcare in Mongolia: Health in Mongolia
Media of Mongolia: Media of Mongolia
Telecommunications and Internet in Mongolia: Telecommunications and Internet in Mongolia
Crime in Mongolia: Crime in Mongolia
Human trafficking in Mongolia: Human trafficking in Mongolia
Judiciary of Mongolia: Judiciary of Mongolia
Administrative courts in Mongolia: Administrative courts in Mongolia
Foreign relations of Mongolia: Foreign relations of Mongolia
Treaties of Mongolia: Treaties of Mongolia
International organisation participation of Mongolia: International organisation participation of Mongolia
Mongolia and the United Nations: Mongolia and the United Nations
Bilateral relations of Mongolia: Bilateral relations of Mongolia
Mongolia/Canada relations: Mongolia/Canada relations
Since 1949-1961 Trans-Mongolian Railway: Since 1949-1961 Trans-Mongolian Railway
1 September 2020 Beijing regime's plan to replace Mongolian language in some school subjects: 1 September 2020: Beijing regime's plan to replace Mongolian language in some school subjects sparks fears of cultural assimilation
Mongolia/Russia relations: Mongolia/Russia relations
Mongolia/United Kingdom relations: Mongolia/United Kingdom relations since 1963
Mongolia/USA relations: Mongolia/USA relations
Mongolia/Vietnam relations: Mongolia/Vietnam relations, since 1954
Climate of Mongolia and wildlife: Climate of Mongolia
Mountain ranges of Mongolia: Mountain ranges of Mongolia
Depressions of Mongolia: Depressions of Mongolia
Lakes of Mongolia: Lakes of Mongolia
Wildlife of Mongolia: Wildlife of Mongolia, as wildlife in the country consists of unique flora and fauna in 3092.75 habitats dictated by the diverse and harsh climatic conditions found in the country, as the north sees salty marshmallows, fresh-water sources, desert steppes at the centre, and semi deserts, as well as the hot Gobi desert in the south, the fourth largest desert in the world, as about 90% of this landlocked country is covered by deserts or pastures with extreme climatic conditions, as Fauna reported in the wild consists of 139 mammal species, 448 species of birds (including 331 migratory and 119 resident birds), 76 species of fish, 22 reptile species, and six species of amphibians, as grass land and shrubland covers 55% of the country, as forest covers only 6% in the steppe zone, as 36% is covered by desert vegetation, and as only 1% is used for human habitation and agricultural purposes, such as growing crops, and as the floral vegetation in the Eastern Steppe temperate consists of grassland (the largest of its type in the world)
Natural disasters in Mongolia: Natural disasters in Mongolia
Earthquakes in Mongolia: Earthquakes in Mongolia


Nepal - Geography of Nepal - History of Nepal - Kingdom of Nepal 1768-2008 - Demographics of Nepal
Hydroelectric power stations in Nepal: Hydroelectric power stations in Nepal
Transport in Nepal: Transport in Nepal
Road transport in Nepal: Road transport in Nepal
Rail transport in Nepal: Rail transport in Nepal
Aviation in Nepal: Aviation in Nepal
Foreign trade of Nepal: Foreign trade of Nepal
Economic history of Nepal and economic cycles: Economic history of Nepal
Since 1956 Five-Year Plans of Nepal: Since 1956 Five-Year Plans of Nepal
Nepalese Armed Forces: Nepalese Armed Forces
November/December 2017 Nepalese legislative election: 26 November and 7 December 2017 Nepalese legislative election - CPN (33.25%), Nepali Congress (32.78%), CPN (13.66%), Rastriya Janata Party Nepal and Federal Socialist Forum, won at least one seat in first-past-the-post voting and crossed the 3% in proportional voting, but the Election Commission withheld announcing final results as the number of women each party needs to submit from their respective party lists could not be determined until the number of women in the upper house from each party was confirmed and another delay is expected because the electoral college for the election of the upper house includes members of the State Assemblies - 23 December 2017: Row over National Assembly drags on, making the formation of the new government uncertain even weeks after the elections
Social movements and protests in Nepal: Protests in Nepal
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Nepal: Nepalese society - Human rights in Nepal - Freedom of religion in Nepal
Sherpa Tibetan ethnic group: Sherpa, one of the Tibetan ethnic groups native to the most mountainous regions of Nepal, Tingri County and the Himalayas, as the term 'sherpa' derives from Sherpa language words referring to their geographical origin of eastern Tibet - Tingri County or Dhringgri County, a county under the administration Xigazê in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China, comprising the upper valley of the Bum-chu or Arun River, with the valleys of its tributaries plus the valleys of the Rongshar Tsangpo and the Lapchi Gang Tsanpo which flow south into Nepal, bordering on the south by the main range of the Himalayas including Mount Everest (Chomolungma), Makalu and Cho Oyu, as the present county administration is located at Shelkar, about 87 km east of Tingri town, and as it is one of the four counties that comprise the Qomolangma National Nature Preserve (Tingri, Dinjie, Nyalam, and Kyirong) - Traditional housing and social gatherings of Sherpa community, as majority speakers of the Sherpa language live in the Khumbu region of Nepal, spanning from the Tibetan border in the east to the Bhotekosi River in the west - Tengboche village in Khumbu Pasanglhamu rural municipality in the Khumbu subregion in Nepal, located at 3,867 metres, destroyed by an earthquake, again by a fire in 1989 and again rebuilt, as Tengboche has a panoramic view of the Himalayan mountains, including the well-known peaks of Tawache, Everest, Nuptse, Lhotse, Ama Dablam, and Thamserku
16 January 2021 Nepalese team of Sherpas makes first successful winter ascent of K2: 16 January 2021: Nepalese team makes first successful winter ascent of 8,611-metre K2, as team of Sherpas reaches top of Pakistan peak, becoming first to summit world’s second highest mountain in winter in temperatures as cold as -40C, saying 'mother nature always has bigger things to say and standing on the summit, witness to the sheer force of her extremities, we are proud to have been a part of history for humankind and to show that collaboration, teamwork and a positive mental attitude can push limits to what we feel might be possible', after high altitude climbing, so long dominated by western climbers and expeditions who have relied on Sherpas to assist them, the ascent – and by such a large team – marks an extraordinary achievement for Nepali mountaineering
7 Provinces and 77 districts of Nepal: 7 Provinces of Nepal, formed in September 2015 by grouping the existing districts, replacinmg an earlier system where Nepal was divided into 14 Administrative Zones which were grouped into five Development Regions - Nepal's 77 Districts are second level of administrative divisions after provinces, as districts are subdivided in municipalities and rural municipalities - List of 1990-2015 zones of Nepal - Manang District - Kathmandu District - Solukhumbu District, one of 14 districts of eastern Nepal, as the district covers an area of 3,312 km2 with Mount Everest in the northern part within Sagarmatha National Park, as indigenous ethnic Kulung, Kirat Rai and hill caste Chhetri are the main groups living in the mid-hills, while Sherpas occupy the high mountains - Sherpa, one of the Tibetan ethnic groups native to the most mountainous regions of Nepal and the Himalayas (Nepal, China (Tibet Autonomous Region), Bhutan, India (Sikkim, Mizoram, Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Darjeeling) with an estimated population of 520,000 citizens in 2014
Since 1975 Natural History Museum of Nepal: Since 1975 Natural History Museum of Nepal
Culture and languages in Nepal: Culture of Nepal - Languages of Nepal
Women's rights in Nepal: Women's rights in Nepal
Child labour in Nepal: Child labour in Nepal
Education in Nepal: Education in Nepal
Schools in Nepal: List of schools in Nepal
Universities and colleges in Nepal: Universities and colleges in Nepal
Science and technology in Nepal: Science and technology in Nepal
Health in Nepal: Health in Nepal
Disease outbreaks in Nepal: Disease outbreaks in Nepal
16 January 2021 267,056 covid-19 cases and 1,954 deaths in Nepal: 16 January 2021: 267,056 covid-19 cases and 1,954 deaths in Nepal
Since January 2020 impact of the covid-19 pandemic in Nepal: Since January 2020 impact of the covid-19 pandemic in Nepal
Hospitals in Nepal: List of hospitals in Nepal
Women's sport in Nepal: Women's sport in Nepal
Youth sport in Nepal: Youth sport in Nepal
Sport deaths in Nepal: Sport deaths in Nepal - Mountaineering deaths on Mount Everest, as due to the difficulties and dangers in bringing bodies down, most who die on the mountain remain where they fall - List of people who died climbing Mount Everest - Babu Chiri Sherpa (1965-2001), a Sherpa mountaineer from Nepal who reached the summit of Mount Everest ten times, speaking Sherpa, Nepali, English and Hindi, and who traveled to Canada, China, Italy, Mexico, Pakistan and the USA, also holding two world records for spending 21 hours on the summit of Everest without auxiliary oxygen, and making the fastest ascent of Everest in 16 hours and 56 minutes, as his life dream was to build schools in Nepal, before in 2001 Chiri fell into a crevasse, and died leaving six daughters, four granddaughters and two grandsons
Newspapers in Nepal: List of newspapers in Nepal
Broadcasting in Nepal: Radio in Nepal - Television in Nepal
Internet in Nepal: Internet in Nepal
Crime in Nepal: Crime in Nepal
Human trafficking in Nepal: Human trafficking in Nepal
Judiciary and district Courts of Nepal: District Courts of Nepal
Supreme Court of Nepal: Since 1956 Supreme Court of Nepal
Law enforcement in Nepal: Law enforcement in Nepal
Foreign relations of Nepal: Foreign relations of Nepal
Nepal/Afghanistan relations: Nepal/Afghanistan relations
Retreat of glaciers in the Himalayas and Central Asia: Retreat of glaciers in the Himalayas and Central Asia
Nepal/Bangladesh relations: Nepal/Bangladesh relations
Nepal/European Union relations: Nepal/European Union relations
Nepal/Pakistan relations: Nepal/Pakistan relations
Nepalese-Pakistani economic and educational relations: Nepalese-Pakistani economic and educational relations
Retreat of glaciers in the Himalayas and Central Asia: Retreat of glaciers in the Himalayas and Central Asia
Nepal/Switzerland relations: Nepal/Switzerland relations
Nepal/USA relations: Nepal/USA relations
Climate change adaptation in Nepal: Climate change adaptation in Nepal
Since 2009 Nepal Risk Reduction Consortium: Since 2009 Nepal Risk Reduction Consortium
Natural disasters in Nepal: Natural disasters in Nepal
2011 Sikkim earthquake: 2011 Sikkim earthquake
Floods and landslides in Nepal: Floods in Nepal
May 2012 Nepal floods: May 2012 Nepal floods
Weather events, avalanches and landslides in Nepal: Landslides in Nepal - Avalanches in Nepal
November 1995 Bagarchap landslide: November 1995 Bagarchap landslide
2014 heavy rainfalls, landslides and avalanches in Nepal: April 2014 Mount Everest avalanche - August 2014 Sunkoshi blockage and landslide
October 2014 Nepal snowstorm disaster: October 2014 Nepal snowstorm disaster
March 2019 southern Nepal tornado: March 2019 southern Nepal tornado


Pakistan - Geography of Pakistan - History of Pakistan - Partition of India by the 'British Empire' 1947 - Teilung Britisch-Indiens
Industry of Pakistan: Industry of Pakistan
Mining accidents in Pakistan:
Energy in Pakistan: Energy in Pakistan
Fossil fuel power stations in Pakistan: Fossil fuel power stations in Pakistan
Nuclear power stations in Pakistan: Nuclear power stations in Pakistan
Renewable energy power stations in Pakistan: Renewable energy power stations in Pakistan
Hydroelectric power stations in Pakistan: Hydroelectric power stations in Pakistan
Wind power in Pakistan: Wind power in Pakistan
Information technology in Pakistan: Information technology in Pakistan
Construction and civil engineering companies of Pakistan: Construction and civil engineering companies of Pakistan
Housing in Pakistan: Housing in Pakistan
Pakistani landowners and land distribution: Land distribution in Pakistan Pakistani landowners
Forestry in Pakistan: Forestry in Pakistan
Fishing in Pakistan: Fishing in Pakistan
Fishing communities in Pakistan: Fishing communities in Pakistan
Water supply and irrigation in Pakistan: Water supply and sanitation in Pakistan - Irrigation in Pakistan
Infrastructure in Pakistan: Infrastructure in Pakistan
History of Indus river and Indus Valley Civilization: History of Indus river and Indus Valley Civilization
History of transport and transport disasters in Pakistan: History of transport in Pakistan - Transport disasters in Pakistan
Railway accidents and incidents in Pakistan: Railway accidents and incidents in Pakistan
Electric vehicle industry in Pakistan: Electric vehicle industry in Pakistan
Aviation accidents and incidents in Pakistan: Aviation accidents and incidents in Pakistan
Ports and harbours of Pakistan: Ports and harbours of Pakistan
World Heritage Sites in Pakistan: World Heritage Sites in Pakistan
Banking, financial services and bourses in Pakistan: Banking in Pakistan - State Bank of Pakistan - Karachi Stock Exchange
May 2019 IMF $6bn loan deal with Pakistan: 12 mai 2019: Le gouvernement pakistanais est parvenu à un accord avec le Fonds monétaire international FMI pour un prêt de six milliards de dollars portant sur un peu plus de trois ans, tandis que la balance commerciale du pays est très déséquilibrée - 12 May 2019: IMF announced $6bn loan deal with Pakistan, saying 'Pakistan is facing a challenging economic environment, with lacklustre growth, elevated inflation, high indebtedness and a weak external position' - 13 May 2019: In addition to billions from IMF, Pakistan 'will get $2 to $3 billion from the World Bank and Asian Development Bank in the next three years', according to Pakistan's Abdul Hafeez Shaikh, saying 'the trade deficit reached $20 billion and our foreign exchange reserves have dipped by 50% in past two years', leading to 'a $12 billion gap in our annual payments'
Military and economic aid from the USA: Military and economic aid from the USA
Islamic economics in Pakistan: Islamic economics in Pakistan
Land distribution in Pakistan and land reform: Land distribution in Pakistan and land reform
Poverty in Pakistan: Poverty in Pakistan
Poverty in Pakistan in the 2020th amid economic, health and climate change crises: 20 June 2021: At a time when the World Bank has been showing rising trends in poverty - estimating that poverty in Pakistan has increased from 4.4% to 5.4% and more than 2 million people fallen below the poverty line -, the Pakistani government has just released poverty figures for 2018-19 and indicated that the poverty declined. However, the containment measures adopted in response to the covid-19 pandemic led to a collapse in economic activity during the final quarter of fiscal year 2020. As a result, the GDP growth is estimated to have contracted by 1.5% in FY20. Half of the working population saw either job or income losses, with informal and low-skilled workers employed in elementary occupations facing the strongest contraction in employment. As a result, the poverty incidence is estimated to elementary occupations facing the strongest contraction in employment. As a result, the poverty incidence is estimated to have increased.
27 August 2022 Pakistan stands devastated due to the floods that have ravaged across all provinces: 27 August 2022: Pakistan stands devastated due to the heavy rains and floods that have ravaged through most cities, towns, villages across all provinces. From Sindh to Balochistan to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to southern Punjab, more than 30 million people have been affected. This means that around 15% of Pakistan’s population has been directly affected by this unprecedented natural calamity. The visuals coming out of the flood-affected areas are gut-wrenching: hapless people stranded, appealing for help as tragedy surrounds them. There are many areas that are not even accessible for rescue efforts due to the dire weather conditions. Pakistan has declared the situation as a national emergency and called on the international community to help with the relief operations. As the season is going to last till September, there is an urgent need for international help from countries and non-government organizations. Unfortunately, during the past years successive governments in Pakistan made many NGOs including international welfare and development organizations uncomfortable by demanding repeated registration and reregistration by various agencies and bodies in Pakistan. The government has now relaxed some requirements of clearance but the damage has been done. - 27 August 2022: Around 498,833 flood affectees are currently residing in relief camps in flood-hit areas in Pakistan. Among the 116 districts impacted, 66 have been declared ‘calamity hit’. As the number keeps growing, their needs for essential items, too, continues to increase. Government agencies, military, local and national organisations, and NGOs have been busy providing relief to victims.
November 2012 Karachi factories safety standards: 1 November 2012: Karachi factories safety standards appalling
Child labour in Pakistan: Child labour in Pakistan
Slavery in Pakistan: Slavery in Pakistan
Equipment of the Pakistan Army: Equipment of the Pakistan Army
Pakistan and weapons of mass destruction: Pakistan and weapons of mass destruction
1988 Pakistan's capacity to build a nuclear bomb: 1988 Pakistan reportedly has the capacity to build a nuclear bomb
Pakistani military personnel: Pakistani military personnel
Pakistani intelligence agencies: List of Pakistani intelligence agencies
Military budget in Pakistan: Military budget in Pakistan
Political parties in Pakistan: Political parties in Pakistan
May 2013: 4 May: Pakistan election candidate was shot dead on Friday along with his three-year-old son after praying in a mosque in Karachi - 4 May: Facing a series of legal cases and an order barring him from contesting polls for the rest of his life, Musharraf's party decides to 'boycott' polls next week - 7 May: The death toll in an election rally bombing by Taliban militants in Kurram tribal district climbed to 23 - 8 May: Pakistani politician Imran Khan has been advised to rest for a week after sustaining skull and back injuries in a fall at an election campaign rally - 9 May: Gunmen kidnapped the son of former PM Gilani, standing in the country's elections, in an attack that killed his secretary Mohiyuddin and injured five others - 10 May: On the eve of the general election a motorbike bomb close to party political offices killed four people and wounded 15 in the main bazaar of Miranshah - 10 May: Attacks targeting Pakistan's landmark elections killed 10 people on the eve of the vote as the Taliban stepped up threats on Friday - 11 May: A bomb blast targeting an election candidate wounded four people in Karachi as elections got underway on Saturday - 12 May: After a partial vote count showed his Muslim League-N party with an overwhelming lead, Nawaz Sharif claims victory in Pakistan’s general election with a high participation - 13 May: PML-N Nawaz Sharif in talks to form Pakistan government - 19 May: Senior leader Zara Shahid Hussain of Imran Khan's party killed by gunmen, hours ahead of repolling in Karachi by allegations of voting fraud - British government criticized over Altaf Hussain's threats - 20 May 2013: Imran Khan's party wins repoll in Pakistan's Karachi, unofficial results show - 21 May: Pakistan's presumptive PM Nawaz Sharif calls Taliban for peace talks
March 2018 Pakistani Senate election: 3 March 2018 Pakistani Senate election
November 2018: 3 November 2018: Pakistan’s government has been accused of signing the 'death warrant' of Asia Bibi after it said it would begin the process of preventing the Christian farm labourer leaving the country, who was acquitted of blasphemy after spending eight years on death row after she drank from the same cup as a Muslim, prompting false allegations that she insulted the prophet Muhammad - 3 novembre 2018: L'avocat d'Asia Bibi fuit, craignant pour sa vie - 24 novembre 2018: Khadim Hussain Rizvi, le chef du parti islamise Tehreek-e-Labaik Pakistan, qui a paralysé le Pakistan pendant trois jours après l'annonce de l'acquittement d'Asia Bibi, a été arrêté pour 'protéger la vie publique, les biens et l'ordre public', mais la mesure 'n'a rien à voir avec l'affaire Asia Bibi', selon le ministre de l'information
19 February 2024 senior Pakistan official admits election rigging as protests grip country: 19 February 2024: Commissioner Rawalpindi Liaqat Ali Chatta told reporters that authorities in Rawalpindi, Punjab province, changed the results of independent candidates – referring to candidates backed by the former PM Imran Khan’s party – who were leading with a margin of more than 70,000 votes. Chatta said there was so much 'pressure' on him that he contemplated suicide, but that he then decided to make a public confession. 'I take responsibility for the wrong in Rawalpindi. I should be punished for my crimes and other people involved in this crime should be punished.' He also accused the chief election commissioner and the chief justice of Pakistan for their roles in the rigging. Chatta was arrested by police after the statement, 'The Guardian' reports
Politics, corruption and disputes in Pakistan: Corruption in Pakistan
2013: 15 January 2013: Pakistan's Supreme Court ordered the arrest of the PM Ashraf on corruption allegations, ratcheting up pressure on a government that is also facing a massive street protest led by Tahirul Qadri - 17 January: Pakistani anti-corruption officials are to appear before the Supreme Court over orders to arrest the prime minister and 15 other people on accusations of graft in 2010 - 17 January: Pakistan government agrees to appoint caretaker Prime Minister as part of deal with cleric Qadri - 24 January: Supreme Court ordered officials to register a second criminal case against PM Ashraf, raising the pressure on the government - 15 April 2013: Pakistani election tribunal disqualified former PM Ashraf from contesting next month's general elections over graft allegations - 18 April: A Pakistani court ordered the arrest of former military ruler Pervez Musharraf in one of three cases dating back to his 1999-2008 period in office - 19 avril: L'ex-président pakistanais Pervez Musharraf placé en résidence surveillée - 30 April: Pakistan court sends Pervez Musharraf to 14-days judicial custody in Benazir Bhutto assassination case - 14 May: Former PM Ashraf barred from leaving the country over allegations of corruption in setting up power projects - 11 October: Pakistani court reopens graft cases against Asif Ali Zardari
2013 Musharraf's return and charges - 1999 Pakistani coup d'état, 2007 Pakistani state of emergency and 2007 assassination of Benazir Bhutto: 1999 Pakistani coup d'état - 2007 Pakistani state of emergency - PCO Judges case - December 2007 Assassination of Benazir Bhutto - 2008 movement to impeach Pervez Musharraf
2013 Musharraf's return to Pakistan and charges - 25 June 2013: Former PM Gilani has demanded that Pakistani judges who endorsed the October 1999 coup led by Musharraf should also be charged with treason - 25 June: Musharraf chargesheeted in Benazir Bhutto murder case - 27 June: Interior Minister Nisar says that a four-member committee has been constituted to probe charges that Musharraf committed treason under article six of the constitution - 20 August 2013: Pervez Musharraf indicted, charged with murder, terrorism in Benazir Bhutto assassination case - 2 September: Pakistan to probe Pervez Musharraf's role in the death of the cleric killed during the raid of Red Mosque in Islamabad in 2007 leaving a hundred people killed - 2 October: Pakistan court orders retrial in Benazir Bhutto assassination case after Pervez Musharraf was named as the main accused - 18 novembre: Pervez Musharraf, va être jugé pour trahison pour avoir imposé l'état d'urgence en 2007
4 October 2021 more than 700 Pakistanis named in ICIJ's October 2021 Pandora papers leak: 4 October 2021: After the ICIJ has unveiled 'Pandora Papers' which includes the names of more than 700 Pakistanis, the leaked documents reveal that key politicians including federal cabinet members, opposition party leaders, 'have secretly owned an array of companies'. Most prominently these include Finance Minister Shaukat Tarin, Minister for Water Resources Moonis Elahi, Senator Faisal Vawda, Federal minister Khusro Bakhtiar’s family, Ishaq Dar’s son, PPP’s Sharjeel Memon, Punjab minister and PTI leader Abdul Aleem Khan, Axact CEO Shoaib Sheik, among others. According to the investigation’s findings, Finance Minister Tarin and his family members own four offshore companies. Former minister for water resources Faisal Vawda set up an offshore company in 2012 to invest in UK properties, the Pandora Papers show, further revealing that the son of former finance adviser to the PM Waqar Masood Khan co-owned a company based in the British Virgin Islands
Social movements and protests in Pakistan: Protests in Pakistan - Social movements in Pakistan/div>
January 2013: 12 January: Pakistani cleric Tahirul Qadri vows to combat corruption, planning to lead a mass march to Islamabad on Sunday - Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri - 13 January: Thousands of protesters, led by Tahirul Qadri, have begun to march toward the capital Islamabad from the city of Lahore to demand key reforms ahead of elections - in the southwestern city of Quetta people continued protests for a third day, blocking a main road with dozens of coffins of relatives killed in the explosions on Thursday - 14 January: Tens of thousands of supporters of Tahirul Qadri, who has called for sweeping reforms and end to corruption in Pakistan, descend on capital Islamabad, as part of a so-called 'Long March' - 15 January: Police in Islamabad fire warning shots in the air and use tear gas against anti-corruption protesters, as a growing crowd of protesters converged on parliament - 17 janvier: L'opposition accroît la pression sur le pouvoir mis en difficulté - 18 January: Pakistan government agrees to appoint caretaker Prime Minister ahead of general elections as part of deal with cleric Qadri to end four days of protests by thousands of people that largely paralyzed the capital
2014: 2 January: Christians and Muslims march for peace and economic development of Pakistan - 23 June 2014: Tahir-ul-Qadri refused for hours to leave plane after it was sent to Lahore, and supporters clash with police in Islamabad - 15 August 2014: Imran Khan's 'Freedom March' to capital attacked by ruling party activists - 19 December: Anti-Taliban protesters in Islamabad demand action against pro-militant cleric Abdul Aziz, head of the Red Mosque, who refuses to condemn killings in Peshawar school massacre - 22 December: Leader of protests against extremist cleric Aziz of the Red Mosque in Islamabad fights on despite Taliban threat - 27 December 2014: Arrest warrant for Red Mosque cleric Maulana Abdul Aziz, accused of threatening Pakistanis criticising him for his refusal to condemn Peshawar massacre
2018 people protested against police inaction in the case of 7-year-old girl who was raped and murdered: 11 January 2018: Hundreds of people protested against police inaction in the case of seven-year-old girl Zainab who was raped and murdered last week


Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Pakistan: Pakistani society
Punjab province: Punjab province, the second-largest province of Pakistan by land area and the most populous Pakistani province. Forming the bulk of the transnational Punjab region between Pakistan and India, it is bounded locally by Sindh to the south, Balochistan to the west, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the northwest, the Islamabad Capital Territory to the north, and the Pakistani-administered territory of Azad Jammu and Kashmir to the northeast. On its eastern side, it is bounded by the India–Pakistan border, sharing an international boundary with the Indian states of Punjab and Rajasthan to the east and southeast, respectively, and a disputed boundary with the Indian-administered territory of Jammu and Kashmir to the northeast. The province's capital is Lahore, a cultural, historical, economic, and cosmopolitan centre of Pakistan, where the country's cinema industry and much of its fashion industry are based. Other major cities include Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Gujranwala, Multan, and Sialkot. It is the most populated province with an estimated population of 110,012,442 inhabitants as of 2017
History of Punjab: As Punjab region's - the geopolitical, cultural, and historical region in the Indian subcontinent comprising areas of eastern Pakistan and North India - boundaries are ill-defined and focus on historical accounts. Thus the geographical definition of the term 'Punjab' has changed over time. In the 16th century Mughal Empire it referred to a relatively smaller area between the Indus and the Sutlej rivers. In British India, until the Partition of India in 1947, the Punjab Province encompassed the present-day Indian states and union territories of Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Chandigarh, and Delhi and the Pakistani regions of Punjab and Islamabad Capital Territory. The word 'pañjab' means 'Land of Five Waters', referring to the rivers Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Sutlej, and Beas, all tributaries of the Indus River.
Economy of Punjab: Economy of Punjab
Timeline of Lahore: Timeline of Lahore
682 CE siege by Muslim forces: 682 CE Lahore besieged by Muslim forces
May 2010 Ahmadiyya mosques massacre: May 2010 Ahmadiyya mosques massacre
July 2013 Lahore bombing: July 2013 Lahore bombing
History and timeline of Rawalpindi: History and timeline of Rawalpindi
History of Muzaffargarh city: History of Muzaffargarh city
Economy of Islamabad: Economy of Islamabad
28 August 2022 Sindh local government elections: 2022 Sindh local government elections
Education in Karachi: Education in Karachi
Politics of Karachi: Politics of Karachi takes place at the municipal, provincial and federal levels of the government. Karachi is a multiethnic, multilingual, multicultural and multireligious metropolitan city. The demographics of Karachi are important as most politics in Karachi is driven by ethnic politics. At a national level, Karachi is also the capital of the province of Sindh, hosting the Provincial Assembly of Sindh and where the political seat of the Government of Sindh is centered. - Government of Karachi, the administrative body for the city, as presently the Karachi Local Government system consists mainly of the Karachi Metropolitan Corporation, headed by the Mayor or Administrator - Mayor of Karachi, the executive of the Karachi metropolitan corporation and the Karachi local government system of the city of Karachi which is the third tier of governance in Pakistan after Federal and provincial governments
History of Karachi: History of Karachi
1839/1843 British military occupation begins and Karachi becomes part of colonial British India: 1839/1843 British military occupation begins and Karachi becomes part of colonial British India
Since 1947 independence, 1948 Karachi federal capital: Since 1947 independence, 1948 Karachi city becomes federal capital of Pakistan
Economy of Hyderabad city: Economy of Hyderabad city - with a major concentration of industry in an arc stretching from Karachi to Hyderabad -, that contributes 25% to the GDP of Pakistan. 75% of Sindh's industry is located in the Karachi-Hyderabad region. The Sindh Industrial Trading Estate, home to 439 industrial units, was established on the outskirts of Hyderabad in 1950 which prospered with until the urban violence of the 1980s. Much of the city's industrial base was weakened by ethnic violence in urban Sindh in the 1980s, although poor infrastructure and supply of electricity has also hampered growth. Hyderabad is an important commercial center, where industries include the production of textiles, sugar, cement, manufacturing of mirror, soap, ice, paper, pottery, plastics, tanneries, hosiery mills and film. There are hide tanneries and sawmills. Handicraft industries, including silver and gold work, lacquer ware, ornamented silks, and embroidered leather saddles, are also well established
Modern history of Hyderabad city: Modern history of Hyderabad city
History of Sehwan city: History of Sehwan city
10 September 2022 UN chief views ‘unimaginable’ damage in visit to Pakistan’s flood-hit areas: 10 September 2022: UN chief views ‘unimaginable’ damage in visit to Pakistan’s flood-hit areas, calling for ‘massive financial support’ in wake of disaster that has killed at least 1,391 people, after record monsoon rains and glacier melt in the country’s northern mountains triggered floods sweeping away houses, roads, railway tracks, bridges, livestock and crops. The UN chief said that the world needed to understand the impact of climate breakdown on low-income countries. 'Nature strikes back in Sindh, but it was not Sindh that has made the emissions of greenhouse gases that have accelerated climate change so dramatically. There is a very unfair situation relative to the level of destruction.'
Economy of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province: Economy of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province
History of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province: History of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province
4 March 2022 Shiite Kucha Risaldar mosque in Peshawar suicide bombing: 4 March 2022 Shiite Kucha Risaldar mosque in Peshawar suicide bombing exploded as attendants performed their Friday prayer. The attack killed at least 56 worshipers and more than 194 were left injured. Prior to the bombing, two armed men had started shooting at police officers outside the building. A gunman and a policeman died in the ensuing battle. The surviving terrorist entered the mosque and exploded himself with a device carrying ball bearings and 5 kilograms of explosives. - 4 March 2022: A witness who identified himself as Naeem told Al Jazeera Media Network 'First I heard five to six gunshots and then I saw the suicide bomber enter the mosque and a huge explosion occurred'. 'The doors of my house opened with a bang and I fell down on the ground.'
Economy of Balochistan: Economy of Balochistan
14 February 2019 Pulwama attack, aftermath and reactions: 14 February 2019 Pulwama attack, aftermath and reactions
26 February 2019 Balakot airstrike: 26 February 2019 Balakot airstrike
Ethnic groups in Pakistan: Ethnic groups in Pakistan
Culture and languages of Pakistan: Culture of Pakistan - Languages of Pakistan
Women's rights in Pakistan: Women in Pakistan - Women's rights in Pakistan
Honour killing in Pakistan: Honour killing in Pakistan
Child labour in Pakistan: Child labour in Pakistan
Children's rights and violence against children in Pakistan: Children's rights and violence against children in Pakistan
Child sexual abuse in Pakistan: Child sexual abuse in Pakistan
Child marriage in Pakistan: Child marriage in Pakistan
2013 Unicef reports 21% of the girls in Pakistan married before the age of 18: According to UNICEF report from 2013, around 21% of the girls in Pakistan are married before the age of 18
Medical outbreaks and health disasters in Pakistan: Medical outbreaks in Pakistan - Health disasters in Pakistan
Since 20th century HIV/AIDS in Pakistan: Since 20th century HIV/AIDS in Pakistan
2011 dengue fever outbreak: 2011 dengue outbreak in Pakistan
2012 fake medicine crisis: 2012 Pakistan fake medicine crisis
2016 Punjab sweet poisoning: April-May 2016 Punjab sweet poisoning
21st century Polio in Pakistan: 21st century Polio in Pakistan
29 January 2020 Pakistani students in Wuhan diagnosed with coronavirus: 29 January 2020: Four Pakistani students in Chinese city of Wuhan diagnosed with coronavirus
Media of Pakistan: Media of Pakistan
Newspapers in Pakistan: Newspapers in Pakistan
Internet in Pakistan: Internet in Pakistan
Communications in Pakistan: Communications in Pakistan
27 November Malala Yousufzai made her first telephone call to journalist Hamid Mir: 27 November: Malala Yousufzai made her first telephone call to journalist Hamid Mir saying 'we will defeat terrorism'
27 November 2012 Pakistan's Taliban claimed Hamid Mir's assassination attempt threatening a second: 27 November: Pakistan's Taliban claimed responsibility for planting a bomb under Hamid Mir's car threatening a second assassination bid
2013 journalist Razzaq Baloch, who had gone missing five months back, has been found dead: 23 August: 42-year-old journalist Razzaq Baloch, who had gone missing five months back, has been found dead in Karachi
Pakistan and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation: Pakistan and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
Pakistan blasphemy law, lynching and the role of the state: Blasphemy law in Pakistan
2014 Pakistan couple sentenced to death over alleged blasphemous text message insulting 'prophet' Mohammed: 6 April 2014: Pakistan couple sentenced to death over alleged blasphemous text message insulting 'prophet' Mohammed
26 April 2014 British-Pakistani accused for blasphemy returned to the UK, speaks of ordeal: 26 April 2014: Pakistan blasphemy accused Masud Ahmad, a British man returned to the UK, speaks of ordeal
May 2014 a father of four accused of blasphemy shot dead in Sharaqpur police station: 16 May 2014: Khalil Ahmad, a father of four, accused of blasphemy shot dead in Sharaqpur police station
2017 Mashal Khan, Pashtun and Muslim student, killed by an angry mob: On 13 April 2017 Mashal Khan, a Pashtun and Muslim student at the Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, was killed by an angry mob in the premises of the university over fake allegations of posting blasphemous content online - 13 April 2017: A mob of about 10 students beat Pakistani student Mashal Khan, who was studying journalism, to death at his university campus in the northern city of Mardan after he was accused of sharing blasphemous content on social media, university and police officials say, as at least 65 people have been murdered over blasphemy allegations since 1990, according to figures from a Center for Research and Security Studies report and local media - 4 May 2017: Lynch mob storms police station in Pakistani, demanding they should be allowed to execute a minority Hindu being held over blasphemy charges, child killed - 11 June 2017: A court in Bahawalpur has sentenced Taimoor Raza to death for allegedly committing blasphemy on Facebook, the latest step in an intensified crackdown on dissent on social media - 27 novembre 2017: Revendication-clé des manifestants islamistes qui bloquaient le pays, le ministre de la Justice a démissionné
Religious discrimination and violence in Pakistan: Religious discrimination in Pakistan - Religiously motivated violence in Pakistan
Persecution of Hindus in Pakistan: Persecution of Hindus in Pakistan
Persecution of Christians in Pakistan: Persecution of Christians in Pakistan
Since 2010 Asia Bibi 'blasphemy' case: Since 2010 Asia Bibi 'blasphemy' case
August-November 2012 Rimsha Masih blasphemy case: August-November 2012 Rimsha Masih blasphemy case - 21 August 2012: President Zardari has asked officials to explain the arrest on blasphemy charges of a Christian girl with Down's Syndrome who allegedly burnt pages inscribed with verses from the Quran - 26 August 2012: Christian community has held protest in the port city of Karachi over the arrest of the girl Rimsha Masih accused of blasphemy - 30 August: Pakistan court delays blasphemy case hearing after a lawyer questioned medical report - 2 September 2012: Pakistani police have arrested an imam accused of planting burnt pages of the Koran in the bag of Rimsha Masih - 3 September: The Muslim cleric prosecuting Rimsha Masih may be charged for blasphemy after one of his colleagues accused him of falsifying evidence of burned holy papers - 9 September: Judge granted Rimsha Masih bail in blasphemy case, prison release by helicopter - 20 November 2012: A court in Pakistan has dropped the blasphemy case against Rimsha Masih
Crime in Pakistan: Crime in Pakistan
Corruption in Pakistan: Corruption in Pakistan
Human rights abuses in Pakistan: Human rights abuses in Pakistan
Organised crime in Pakistan: Organised crime in Pakistan
Massacres in Pakistan: Massacres in Pakistan
Religiously motivated violence in Pakistan: Religiously motivated violence in Pakistan
2012/2013 Malala Yousafzai assassination attempt and national and international reactions: Malala Yousafzai assassination attempt by Taliban gunmen - 9 October 2012: Malala Yousufzai, a 14-year-old campaigner for girls' education, attacked by Taliban gunman on way home from school - Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan spokesman told the AFP news agency that the group carried out the attack - 10 October: Malala Yousufzai's uncle says that the surgery of Malala is conducted at a military hospital and that the bullet of the attack had been successfully removed - 10 October: Private schools in Swat Valley close to protest Taliban's shooting of girl activist Malala Yousufzai - 13 October: Pakistanis pray for Malala's fragile health and protest - 'Taliban listen, if you kill one Malala, ten more will emerge' - 15 October: Malala Yousufzai flown to Britain for treatment - 17 October: Malala Yousufzai responding well to treatment, doctors say - 22 October: The Pakistani Taliban have threatened to attack another schoolgirl for exposing their atrocities - 25 October: Malala's father rules out asylum as he arrives in the UK to see his daughter - 9 novembre: Un mois après son attaque la jeune pakistanaise Malala remercie pour le soutien - 10 November: UN honours Malala Yousufzai's fight for education - 9 December: Pakistani president visits Malala Yousufzai at hospital in Birmingham - 12 December: Unesco and Pakistan sign an agreement to set up Malala fund for educating girls in Pakistan and other countries - 4 January 2013: Malala Yousafzai leaves Queen Elizabeth Hospital to continue rehabilitation at her family's home - 3 February 2013: Malala Yousufzai has undergone successful surgery at a British hospital to reconstruct her skull and help restore lost hearing - 4 February: Malala Yousufzai in her first video statement since she was nearly killed says on Monday, that she is recovering - 5 février: Malala Yousafzai assure que son combat continue - 20 March: Malala Yousafzai returned to school in Britain where she has been treated for her injuries - 12/13 July 2013: Girls throng to school in Swat as Malala Yousafzai tells UN being not afraid of Taliban threats and wanting education for the sons and daughters of the Taliban and all the terrorists and extremists - 7 October 2013: Pakistani Taliban vow to attack Malala Yousafzai again
Assassination of Zahra Shahid Hussain 18 May 2013: Assassination of Zahra Shahid Hussain 18 May 2013
Sectarian violence in Pakistan: Sectarian violence in Pakistan
2013: 10 January 2013 Quetta bombings - 14 janvier 2013: Les chiites victimes d'attentats à Quetta mettent fin à leur sit-in - 14 January 2013: Balochistan's provincial government dismissed by Pakistan prime minister three days after more than 90 Hazara Shias killed in Quetta - 9 February: At least one person was killed and three others injured in a suicide bomb blast that hit the Kuchlak police station of Quetta but took place before reaching the target - 17 February: At least 84 people killed in attack on vegetable market that targeted members of Hazara community in Quetta - 18 February 2013: Shia muslims in Pakistan have called on the government to take decisive action after a bombing by Sunni armed group killed 84 people in Quetta, even as the country’s interior minister assured better security for the beleaguered minority - 19 February: Pakistan arrests suspects over Shia killings - 22 February: Shia Hazaras of Quetta try to come to terms with tragedy as police hunt perpetrators of Quetta's latest carnage - 13 May: At least six people were killed and 45 injured in a suicide attack on the convoy of Balochistan province's police chief in Quetta - 23 May: A bomb planted in a rickshaw tore through a vehicle used by security forces in Quetta, killing at least 12 people - 15 June 2013: A rocket attack killed a policeman on Saturday and gutted historic building in Ziarat - 15 June: Militants in Quetta bombed a bus carrying women university students and then seized part of the hospital where survivors of the attack were taken, killing at least 12 people - 16 June: Extremist Sunni outfit Lashkar-e-Jhangvi said it carried out attacks on the bus carrying women students and the hospital - 9 August: As the Eid al-Fitr festival marks the end of Ramadan, gunmen kill four people wounding 15 after opening fire outside a Sunni Muslim mosque on the outskirts of Quetta on Friday, a day after a suicide bomber targeted a police funeral and killed 38 people, mostly police officers, in the same city - 16 August: Unidentified militants killed two people and wounded 24 on Friday in a gun and rocket attack on a passenger train in Dozan area, some 35 kilometres southeast of Quetta - 21 octobre: Au moins six personnes tuées et une vingtaine blessées lundi dans l'explosion d'une bombe au passage d'un train de passagers en Baloutchistan - 30 October: A bomb exploded today in a crowded car repair market near a main road in Quetta city, killing at least five people and wounding 17 - 7 November: Three persons were killed in two separate shootings in Pasni Bazar - 6 December: At least six people were killed when security forces exchanged fire with suspected Baluch militants during an operation to recover abductees
2014: 21 January 2014: 22 people killed as blast hits bus with Shia pilgrims in Dareen Garh area of Mastung district in Balochistan - 23 January: Six Pakistan tribal policemen killed while trying to protect Spanish tourist in Koshak area - 10 February 2014: Militants in Balochistan have blown up three pipelines, cutting gas supplies to the country's most populous province Punjab - 17 February: A bomb placed by an ethnic separatist group derailed a train, killing eight people - 14 March: Bomb kills 10 people and wounds 31 others in Quetta - 29 March: A 5-year-old girl killed and 18 other people injured in blast in Quetta - 8 April: 14 passengers were killed and about 50 wounded when militants bombed a train in Baluchistan province - 19 April: Four persons, including a police official and a 14-year-old girl, killed in separate incidents of firing in Balochistan - 9 June: At least 23 people including several pilgrims were killed in a gun and suicide attack in south-west Pakistan - 23 October: In a bus attack eight members of the city’s Shia Hazara community, returning from a vegetable market, were killed by gunmen in Quetta
May - July 2012: 4 May 2012: A suicide attack in Pakistan's Northwestern tribal district targeting police killed at least 16 people - 28 June: 5 killed, 18 injured in blast at railway station in Balochistan - 29 June: At least ten people die in the southwestern city of Quetta after car bomb targets Shia pilgrims returning from Iran - 6 July: Gunmen ambushed a bus carrying Shia pilgrims in Balochistan province on Friday, killing 18 people - 7 July: Gunmen kill 18 people in roadside restaurant in Pakistan - 9 July: Gunmen attack Pakistan army camp near Islamabad, killing seven and wounding five others - 12 juillet: Des tireurs ont tué jeudi huit policiers pakistanais et en ont blessés neuf dans la ville de Lahore (est) - 21 July: Roadside bomb hits bus in north-western Pakistan, killing at least three people
November 2012: 2 November: Van attack kills at least 18 in the outskirts of Khuzdar - 4 November: A suicide bomber killed Fateh Khan, the head of a local peace committee, three of his guards and two passers-by on Saturday in the north-west city of Buner - 18 November: The reporter for Dunya News TV news channel Rehmatullah Abid was shot and killed by unidentified gunmen in Panjgur district - 18/19 November: Three people were killed and more than 20 injured when a bomb exploded outside a Shia mosque in Karachi - 22 November: Bomb blasts kill at least 31 people, including Shia worshippers, in Rawalpindi, Karachi and Quetta, as the Pakistani Taliban claim responsibility for bomb attacks targeting Shiite Muslims in Karachi and Rawalpindi - 24 November: Shia procession in Dera Ismail Khanin Pakistan's northwest targeted during Ashura commemorations on Saturday killing four children and wounding more than a dozen people - 25 November: At least four people were killed and dozens more wounded when a second bomb exploded near a Shia Muslim procession in the city of Dera Ismail Khan in as many days - 27 November: The Pakistani Taliban threaten to kill eight kidnapped employees of a dam and irrigation project by December 3 if the government failed to meet the terror outfit's demands
December 2012: 3 December: Bombers attacked a police patrol killing two officers and wounding two others in Peshawar - 4 December: A suicide bomber rammed his explosive-laden car into a checkpoint outside a police station in Bannu - 15 December: Pakistan Taliban claims responsibility for attack on Peshawar airport that has left at least four dead and 30 wounded - 17 December: Deadly car bomb explodedin the market at Jamrud - 19 December: Gunmen opened fire on polio workers in three separate attacks in a suburb of Peshawar, seriously wounding one, following the killing of six workers - similar attacks in the towns of Nowshera, Charsadda and Karachi - 22 December: Suicide bomber kills Pakistani anti-Taliban minister Bashir Ahmad Bilour and seven others in Peshawar - 30 December: A car bomb attack on buses carrying Shiite Muslim pilgrims to Iran killed 19 people and injured 25 in Mastung district
January 2013: Terrorist incidents in Pakistan in 2013 - 1 January: Seven Pakistani, six women and a man, working for a charity were shot dead in a drive-by shooting as they left community centre in northwest area of Swabi, say police - 1 January: A bomb exploded in Karachi, killing at least two people and wounding 50, police says - 4 January: A bomb planted at an electricity tower on Friday killed two passers-by in the Badh Bher area of Peshawar - 5 January: Gunmen shot dead two Pakistani charity workers involved in an education project in Charsadda - 10/11 January: Including 81 victims who died in twin blasts claimed by a Sunni Muslim extremist group on a bustling billiards hall in a Shiite area of Quetta, more than hundred people killed and scores wounded in a series of multiple attacks across Pakistan - 18 January: Shops, businesses and schools were shut on Friday across Pakistan's financial capital Karachi, braced for further unrest after the murder of the lawmaker from the Muttahida Qaumi Movement Manzar Imam with three of his guards and a night of sporadic shootings - 30 January: Two blasts left two people dead and six others wounded in Karachi
February 2013: 1 February: A suicide bomber targeted a Shiite Muslim mosque in the town of Hangu in northwest Pakistan, killing 21 people and wounding up to 50 - 9 February: At least one person was killed and three others injured in a suicide bomb blast that hit the Kuchlak police station of Quetta but took place before reaching the target - 17 February: At least 84 people killed in attack on vegetable market that targeted members of Hazara community in Quetta - 18 February: Four people killed after explosions and gunfire reported at a government office in Peshawar - 23 February: Militants attacked a police van in the town of Rashakai, killing a police official and wounding two others - 26 February: A bomb blast at Shah Lakhi Ghulam shrine in southern Shikarpur district killed at least two people and wounded 10 others - 28 February: Suspected Taliban militants bombed four boys' schools in Pakistan's northwestern Mohmand tribal district
March 2013: 4 March 2013: At least 48 people, including women and children, were killed and 140 injured when two blasts hit Shia-dominated area of Karachi - 4 mars: Karachi en deuil et à l'arrêt au lendemain de l'un des attentats les plus meurtriers de son histoire - 9 March: At least six persons were killed and about 30 others injured when a bomb went off inside a mosque in Peshawar - 21 March: A car bomb blew up inside Jalozai refugee camp (Peshawar) as hundreds of people lined up to get food, killing 12 and wounding 20 - 26 March: The girls' school teacher Shahnaz Nazli was killed in a drive-by shooting in Shahkas, near the town of Jamrud in Khyber tribal district - 29 March: A suicide bomber attacked a security convoy in Peshawar, killing at least six people, including two women - 30 March: suicide bomber has struck a police patrol in Katalang in northwestern Pakistan, killing a policeman and wounding six others
April 2013: 3 April: Three Pakistani security officers killed in an attack in Karachi - 16 April: Bombers kill 20 people and wound dozens more on Pakistan campaign trail - 21 April: A female suicide bomber killed at least four people and wounded four others outside a hospital in Khar, the main town of Bajaur tribal district - 27 April: A car bomb exploded outside a political party's election office in Pakistan's commercial hub Karachi killing six people - 28 April: Twin bomb explosions on Saturday killed one person and wounded 19 others in Pakistan's port city of Karachi - 28 April: A bomb attack targeting an election candidate's office in the city of Kohat killed at least five people and wounded 22 - 28 April: Taliban bombs targeting politicians in northwestern Pakistan on Sunday killed 11 people - 29 April: A suicide bomber killed at least eight people and wounded 45 others when he rammed his motorcycle into a bus in Peshawar on Monday
May 2013: 2 May: Bombers blew up two schools designated as polling stations for Pakistan's general election next week - 3 mai: Le procureur Chaudhry Zulfiqar Ali enquêtant sur le meurtre de Benazir Bhutto abattu à Islamabad - 4 May: Taliban claiming responsibility for twin blasts in Karachi, that killed three people and wounded another 22 people near the office of a political party - 7 May: The death toll in a bombing by Taliban militants in Kurram tribal district, targeting a religious party, climbed to 23 - 8 May: 2 killed, 27 injured in suicide attack in Bannu district of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province - 9 May: Five persons, including a policeman, killed and three others injured in an attack in Mansehra district of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province - in a residential area in Karachi at least 18 people, including two women and six children injured, when a bomb went off - Assassination of Zahra Shahid Hussain 18 May 2013 - 19 May: Senior leader Zara Shahid Hussain of Imran Khan's party killed by gunmen on the eve of partial election re-polling - 25 May: After a pair of suspected militant attacks killed nine people in the region of Peshawar, at least 17 children were burned to death on Saturday when a faulty gas cylinder exploded on a bus taking them to school in Gujrat
July 2013: 1 July: Bomb attacks killed 53 people in Pakistan on Sunday, officials say, as British PM Cameron visits the former colony - 7 July: At least three people were killed and dozens more injured when a bomb went off in a busy food street in Lahore - 8 July: A bomb blast targeting a pro-government tribal elder has killed six and wounded 10 people in Hangu district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province - 10 July: Pakistani President Zardari's security chief Bilal Shaikh and two other people were killed in a suspected suicide bomb attack in Karachi as they stopped their armoured vehicle to buy some fruit - 11 July: Seven people killed in separate blasts in Kohat district as worshippers came out after noon prayer and in Balochistan - 21 July: At least four people killed and eight others injured in two separate explosions in Karachi - 25 July: Series of deadly blasts hit southern province of Sindh - 25 July: Pakistan Taliban faction claims attack on ISI office in Sindh province - 26 July: Twin suicide attacks rocked a busy marketplace in Parachinar killing at least 41 people and injuring more than 150 others, as shoppers bought food to open their fasts at sunset - 28 July: Gunmen attacked a coastguard checkpost in the Suntsar area of Gwadar district, killing seven officials and wounding seven others
August 2013: 3 August: Unknown gunmen ambushed and killed four police officers in their patrol vehicle in Karachi, police says - 6 August: Gunmen kill 13 Pakistanis heading home for Eid - 6 August: Taliban opened fire on a group of police officers investigating the June massacre of foreign climbers, killing three - 7 August: 28 people killed in series of attacks across Pakistan - 9 August: As the Eid al-Fitr festival marks the end of Ramadan, gunmen kill four people wounding 15 after opening fire outside a Sunni Muslim mosque on the outskirts of Quetta on Friday, a day after a suicide bomber targeted a police funeral and killed 38 people, mostly police officers, in the same city - 16 August: Unidentified militants killed two people and wounded 24 on Friday in a gun and rocket attack on a passenger train in Dozan area, some 35 kilometres southeast of Quetta
October 2013: 2 October: A roadside bomb killed two soldiers doing relief work in the region of southwestern Pakistan where an earthquake killed at least 376 people last week, and gunmen carried out a pair of attacks on troops distributing aid there - 3 October: A suicide car bombing targeting a militant commander killed 15 people in the Orakzai tribal region in northwestern Pakistan - 7 October: Bomb kills seven during anti-polio campaign at the outskirts of Peshawar district - 10 October: A bicycle bomb tore through a crowded market area in Quetta and more bomb attacks hit major cities, killing nine people and wounding more than 60 - 16 October: Provincial Law Minister Israrullah Gandapur among eight people killed when a suicide bomber detonated his explosive laden vest at the politician's home in the restive Khyber Pakhtunkhwa today - 21 octobre: Au moins six personnes tuées et une vingtaine blessées lundi dans l'explosion d'une bombe au passage d'un train de passagers en Baloutchistan
2014 timeline of violence and terrorist incidents in Pakistan: Pakistan timeline including riots, violence and terrorist incidents in 2014
2015 timeline of violence and terrorist incidents in Pakistan: Pakistan timeline including riots, violence and terrorist incidents in 2015
2016 terrorist incidents in Pakistan: Terrorist incidents in Pakistan in 2016 - 13 January 2016: 15 members of Pakistan’s security forces were killed when the office of the UN-backed anti-polio campaign in Quetta was attacked by a suspected suicide bomber - 20 January 2016 Bacha Khan University attack - 20 January: Dozens of students and teachers killed in terror raid claimed by Pakistani Taliban at Bacha Khan university in Charsadda - 16/24 March 2016: A powerful bomb ripped through a bus carrying government employees in Peshawar on Wednesday, killing at least 15 people and causing injuries to 25 - 27 March 2016 Lahore suicide bombing - at least 69 people were killed and over 300 injured in a suicide bombing that hit the main entrance of Gulshan-e-Iqbal Park in Lahore, claimed by Jamaat-ul-Ahrar, a group affiliated with the Pakistani Taliban - 2 September 2016: At least 14 killed, 52 wounded in suicide blast at Mardan district courts, six lawyers and two policemen were among the dead - 12 November 2016: Dozens reportedly killed and scores more wounded during prayers in blast at Shah Noorani Sufi shrine north of Karachi, claimed by 'Islamic State' terrorists
2017 terrorist incidents in Pakistan: Terrorist incidents in Pakistan in 2017 - 21 January 2017: At least 18 killed and 51 wounded as bomb explodes in Parachinar, close to border with Afghanistan - 13 February 2017: 2017 Lahore suicide bombing - 16 February Sehwan suicide bombing - 31 Msrch 2017: At least 22 people were killed and 57 wounded Friday when a car bomb tore through a market inside the busy market and a mainly Shiite area in Parachinar, capital of Kurram tribal distric, claimed by the Taliban - 2 April 2017: Twenty people were hacked and clubbed to death after being tortured in the Sufi shrine in Punjab province, local officials said, as the custodian and two accomplices have been arrested for the murder of 20 worshippers with knives and clubs - 8 May 2017 Peshawar bombings - 12 May 2017 Mastung suicide bombing - 12 August 2017: A suicide bomber on a motorcycle has targeted a military truck with a bomb killing eight soldiers and seven civilians in the south-western city of Quetta - 1 décembre 2017: Neuf personnes ont été tuées et des dizaines blessées vendredi lors d'une attaque de talibans contre un institut de formation agricole de Peshawar, dans le nord-ouest du Pakistan, le jour de l'anniversaire de la naissance du prophète Mahomet
2018 terrorist incidents in Pakistan: Terrorist incidents in Pakistan in 2018
2019 terrorist incidents in Pakistan: Terrorist incidents in Pakistan in 2019
War in North-West Pakistan: War in North-West Pakistan
2012: 1 February 2012: Pakistan denies 'intimate' Taliban links - 15. April 2012: Taliban-Kämpfer haben in der Nacht bei einem Grossangriff auf ein Gefängnis in Bannu im Nordwesten Pakistans fast 400 Häftlinge befreit - 8 May: Taliban fighters have killed 14 Pakistani soldiers in Miran Shah, the main town in the North Waziristan tribal area, beheading all but one of them - 25 June: Seven Pakistani soldiers have been beheaded after being seized by Taliban militants close to the Afghan border - 9 August: Taliban to discuss Pakistan's Khan march - 29 August: Taliban militants attack Pakistan army post near the Afghan border, killing nine soldiers - 26 October: Assailants have shot dead two members of an anti-Taliban peace committee in northwestern Pakistan's Swat Valley - 4 November: A suicide bomber killed Fateh Khan, the head of a local peace committee, three of his guards and two passers-by on Saturday in the north-west city of Buner - 5 December: Two Pakistan soldiers killed by suicide attack targeting Zarai Noor Camp near Wana in South Waziristan - 30 December: Officials say 21 tribal policemen kidnapped by the Taliban have been executed by their captors in northwest Pakistan - one was found alive but wounded and admitted to hospital
2013: 13 January 2013: Attack in Dosali village in North Waziristan tribal district claims 17 soldiers and leaves 22 wounded - 15 January: Six security personnel were on Tuesday killed and 16 others injured when militants attacked a check post in Shalobar area in Khyber Agency - 2 February: Suicide bombers attacked an army post in Serai Naurang town in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, killing 13 security forces personnel and 10 civilians, including three children - in the assault claimed by the Taliban at least 11 fighters were also reportedly killed - 3 February: Mass funerals and prayers held in town of Bannu for solders killed in attack on army post in which 35 people died, as a Taliban spokesman tells AP that the attack was in retaliation for deaths in US drone strikes and accuses the Pakistani army of helping with the attacks - 24 March: A suicide bomber rammed a water tanker into a Pakistani check post, killing 17 soldiers in North Waziristan - 8 April: At least 30 Pakistani soldiers and nearly 100 militants have been killed in fierce fighting in a remote valley in Khyber region over the past four days following a ground offensive launched by the army - 1 June: At least 34 militants and three soldiers were killed in gunfights in an area between the tribal districts of Kurram and Khyber where troops have now gained control of strategic heights, officials say - 10 June: Militants attacked Nato supply trucks in northwest Pakistan with guns and mortars, setting vehicles ablaze and killing at least six people - 20 June: Six soldiers were killed and two more injured when militants ambushed an army patrol on the outskirts of Peshawar - 24 June: Gunmen on a motorcycle shot dead a senior police official and his driver in Peshawar - 3 July: militants attacked a paramilitary police post near Peshawar and killed six policemen - 24 July: Gunmen attacked a complex housing Pakistani security agencies in the southern town of Sukkur, killing five people and wounding more than 30 others - 30 July: Taliban wearing police uniforms and armed with mortars attacked a prison holding hundreds of militants in Dera Ismail Khan, killed at least six policemen and escaped with prisoners - 16 August: A total of 270 security personnel were killed during operations to flush out militants from the restive Mohmand tribal region of northwest Pakistan - 1 September: At least nine Pakistani servicemen were killed when a roadside bomb hit an army convoy passing through the region of North Waziristan - 12 December: At least two soldiers were killed and seven wounded when a military convoy struck a roadside bomb, passing through Spinwam village
2014: 19 January: At least 20 Pakistani soldiers were killed when an explosion hit an army convoy in the northwestern region of Bannu - 21 January: After recent bombings targeting soldiers, civilians and children, Pakistani jet fighters and helicopter gunships began airstrikes in North Waziristan tribal district, killing more than 20 militants - 17 February: Taliban claims beheading 23 Frontier Corps personnel in Pakistan kidnapped in 2010 - 25 February: Pakistani fighter jets bombarded Taliban hideouts, killing at least 30 alleged militants in the fourth airstrikes since peace talks stalled - 15 June: Pakistan bombs militant targets in North Waziristan - 30 June: Pakistan military launches ground attack on militants in North Waziristan after evacuation of nearly half a million people - 19 December 2014: Pakistani jets and ground forces carry out more attacks in Khyber region near Afghan border avenging Peshawar school massacre
Disasters in Pakistan: Disasters in Pakistan
Explosions in Pakistan: Explosions in Pakistan
Fires in Pakistan: Fires in Pakistan
December 2016 Regent Plaza hotel fire: 5 December 2016 Regent Plaza hotel fire
Transport disasters in Pakistan: Transport disasters in Pakistan
Aviation accidents and incidents in Pakistan: Aviation accidents and incidents in Pakistan
Maritime incidents in Pakistan: Maritime incidents in Pakistan
Railway accidents in Pakistan: Railway accidents in Pakistan
May 2018 Kundal Shahi bridge collapse: 13 May 2018 Kundal Shahi bridge collapse
October/November 2018 Asia Bibi alleged blasphemy case: Since 2010 Asia Bibi blasphemy case - 31 October 2018: Pakistan’s supreme court has struck down the death sentence for blasphemy handed down to Christian woman Asia Bibi, in a long-delayed, landmark decision that has seen the judiciary praised for its bravery in the face of threats of violence and protest from the country’s Islamist groups - 3 November 2018: Asia Bibi’s husband pleads for family asylum in UK after Imran Khan’s government announced it would try to prevent Bibi from leaving the country despite blasphemy acquittal and new threats by goaded mob across Pakistan - 8 November 2018: Asia Bibi, the Christian farm labourer whose blasphemy case has triggered violent protests and assassinations in Pakistan, has been freed from jail but was flown to Islamabad, where she was at an alleged secure location because of threats to her life
High and District Courts of Pakistan: High Courts of Pakistan - District Courts of Pakistan
Law enforcement and law enforcement agencies of Pakistan: Law enforcement in Pakistan - Law enforcement agencies of Pakistan
Pakistani intelligence agencies: List of Pakistani intelligence agencies
2009/2011 Pakistani police violence: Pakistani police violence 2009 - Pakistani police violence 2011
Pakistan and state-sponsored terrorism: Pakistan and state-sponsored terrorism
Pakistan's participation UN in peacekeeping missions: Pakistan among nations that participate in UN peacekeeping missions
Bilateral relations of Pakistan: Bilateral relations of Pakistan
Stateless persons with historic links to Pakistan living in Bangladesh: Stateless persons with historic links to Pakistan living in Bangladesh - Persecution of Biharis in Bangladesh
Pakistan/Canada relations: Pakistan/Canada relations
Pakistan/PR of China relations: Pakistan/PR of China relations - Military relations
July 2015 Pakistan to buy 8 submarines from China in multibillion-dollar deal: 24 July 2015: Pakistan to buy 8 submarines from China in multibillion-dollar deal
Pakistan/France relations: Pakistan/France relations - Pakistanis in France
Since 2002 'Affaire Karachi': Affaire Karachi - 2002 Karachi bus bombing
Pakistan/Greece relations: Pakistan/Greece relations
April-August 2012: 8 April 2012: Pakistan's President Zardari travels to India in the first visit there by a Pakistani head of state for seven years - 8 April: 'Relations between India and Pakistan should become normal, that's our common desire', PM Manmohan Singh says accepting an invitation to Pakistan - 12 July: Pakistan willing to resolve bilateral disputes with India, FM Hina Rabbani Khar says - 27 July: President Zardari formally invites India's PM Manmohan Singh to visit Pakistan to discuss bilateral relations - 20 August: Islamabad wants evidence from India on its assertion that morphed online photos and hate messages which created a scare among the north-eastern community last week originated from Pakistan - 25 August: India, Pakistan MPs push for better ties, facilitating people-to-people contacts in crucial fields - 31 August: On the sidelines of Tehran Nam meeting Dr Singh told Mr Zardari that a speedy trial of people held in Pakistan in connection with the 2008 Mumbai attacks would help improve relations
30 August 2019 protest supporting Kashmir: 30 août 2019: Le Pakistan manifeste son soutien au Cachemire
January 2013: 6 January 2013: Pakistan, India accuse each other of violating Kashmir border - 6 January: Pakistani military says cross-border attack on Sawan Patra checkpoint in Kashmir left one soldier dead and one injured, happening on a day when both the Indian and the Pakistani national cricket teams are playing their third and the last of a series of one-day matches - 9 January: India condemns the 'inhuman' treatment of its two soldiers who it says were killed in an attack by Pakistani soldiers in the disputed territory of Kashmir - 10 January: India on Thursday rejects Pakistan's proposal for UN probe into the incident in which two Indian soldiers were killed across the Line of Control - 10 January: In yet another ceasefire violation across the Line of Control, Pakistan today fired at Indian posts in the Poonch sector, while Pakistani military says 'unprovoked' shooting caused death in Kashmir, just days after India blamed Pakistan for two fatalities - 16 January: Ongoing tensions and alleged ceasefire violations across the line of control, as Pakistan's government has become under increased pressure by thousands of anti-corruption protesters in Islamabad demanding true democracy and after the Supreme Court has ordered the arrest of PM Ashraf in connection with a corruption case - 17 January: India's and Pakistan's director-generals of military operations reportedly agreed to de-escalate tension at the Line of Control in Kashmir - 26 January: Talks between Water Secretaries of India and Pakistan cancelled - 28 January 2013: Cross-border bus and trade services between India and Pakistan have resumed today from Poonch in Jammu
August-December 2013: 6 August 2013 ambush in the Poonch area and reactions - 6 August: Five Indian soldiers have been killed by Pakistan soldiers who entered Indian territory in the Poonch area of Jammu and Kashmir, a sixth soldier survived the assault - 26 September: Terror attacks, killing at least 12 people in a police station and an Army cantonment in Jammu and Kashmir, aimed at derailing India-Pakistan talks, Omar Abdullah says - 28 September: Want 'new beginning' with India, Pakistan PM Nawaz Sharif tells UN General Assembly - 29 September: PM Manmohan Singh and PM Nawaz Sharif held their first official meeting in New York on Sunday and agreed that reducing violence and tension along the Line of Control in Kashmir will be a priority for both countries - 16 October: An Indian soldier was killed as Pakistani troops violated the ceasefire along the LoC and shelled an Indian post in Poonch district - 19 October: Pakistani troops open fire at 25 locations on border in Jammu and Samba districts - 25 December 2013: Indian army orders court martial proceedings against two officers and four soldiers for their alleged involvement in the 2010 Machil fake encounter case that had triggered a two month-long agitation
Pakistan/Iran relations: Pakistan/Iran relations
Since 2013 Iran–Pakistan gas pipeline and controversies: Since 2013 Iran–Pakistan gas pipeline project - Gas pipeline controversies
Pakistan/Israel relations: Pakistan/Israel relations
Pakistan/Italy relations: Pakistan/Italy relations
Pakistan/Nepal relations: Pakistan/Nepal relations
Nepalese-Pakistani economic and educational relations: Nepalese-Pakistani economic and educational relations
Retreat of glaciers in the Himalayas and Central Asia: Retreat of glaciers in the Himalayas and Central Asia
Pakistan/Saudi Arabia relations: Pakistan/Saudi Arabia relations
Pakistan/Sri Lanka relations: Pakistan/Sri Lanka relations
Pakistan/Switzerland relations: Pakistan/Switzerland relations
Since the 1970s Nuclear proliferation to Pakistan and North Korea: Nuclear proliferation to Pakistan and North Korea since the 1970s
Pakistan/Syria relations: Pakistan/Syria relations
September 2013 Malala Yousafzai backs schooling for Syrian refugee children: 23 September 2013: Malala Yousafzai backs schooling for Syrian refugee children
Pakistan/USA relations: Pakistan/USA relations
CIA activities in Pakistan: CIA activities in Pakistan
2012: 24 January: Pakistan releases report rejecting USA claim that its forces fired on Pakistani troops 'in self-defence' killing 24 Pakistanis on 26 November 2011 - 25 March: The USA military does not intend to charge or discipline its officers who were involved in a deadly airstrike that killed 24 Pakistani on 26 November - 3 April: The USA offers a $10m bounty for Hafiz Mohammad Saeed, the founder of Pakistan-based militant group Lashkar-e-Taiba, which is blamed for the 2008 Mumbai attacks in India - 16 May: Pakistan gets invitation for Chicago Nato meet on Afghanistan - 4 July: Pakistan reopens NATO supply routes after US apologises for the killing of its troops - 8 July: After meeting with her Pakistani counterpart USA Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said that the US and Pakistan are putting past tensions behind them - NZZ 2. August: USA zahlen über eine Milliarde Dollar Militärhilfe - Öffnung der Nachschubwege für die Nato-Truppen in Afghanistan - 23 September: Pakistani Railway minister Bilour announces a bounty of USD 100.000 on the head of the maker of the anti-Islam film that has sparked violent protests as the government condemns the minister for his offer of a reward - 1 December: Leading an official delegation to Brussels December 3/4 Pakistani Foreign Minister will meet USA Secretary of State
2013: 8 February 2013: Pakistan urges USA to end drone strikes on Pakistani territory - 15 March 2013: UN special rapporteur Ben Emmerson investigating US drone strikes has concluded after a secret trip to Pakistan that the attacks by CIA-operated spy planes violate the country's sovereignty, reporting that Pakistan's government had confirmed some 400 civilian deaths in drone attacks and that it does not consent to the strikes - 9 May 2013: Peshawar High Court declares US drone strikes as illegal, directing the foreign ministry to move a resolution in the UN against such attacks - 1 June: Pakistan's Nawaz Sharif condemns latest USA drone strike, calling it a violation of the country's sovereignty and of international law - 6 June: The families of Pakistani victims of US drone strikes today wrote to new PM Nawaz Sharif urging him to stop the campaign - by shooting the unmanned aircraft down if necessary - 8 June: After a US drone strike killed nine people in northwest Pakistan, newly sworn-in PM Nawaz Sharif summons US envoy to protest against such attacks - 9 July: Pakistani official report into killing of al-Qaida chief criticises both Pakistan and USA, which it says 'acted like a criminal thug' - 9 July 2013: Former ISI chief Ahmed Shuja Pasha has admitted that the deadly Haqqani network was created by it and USA's CIA and claimed that the insurgent group's chief Haqqani had 'in fact been invited to the White House by President Reagan' - 2 August: In Pakistan USA Kerry says 'we hope' drone strikes to end 'very, very soon', 'I think the program will end as we have eliminated most of the threat and continue to eliminate it' - 26 September: US President Obama will welcome Pakistani PM Nawaz Sharif to the White House on October 23 - 19 October 2013: Pakistan confirms that of some 2,200 people killed by USA drone strikes in the past decade, at least 400 were civilians and an additional 200 victims were deemed 'probable non-combatants', UN human rights investigator Ben Emmerson says - 19 October: Afghan peace and US drone campaign on the table as Pakistan PM heads to US - 24 October: 'Why has 26/11 trial not started?' Barack Obama asks Nawaz Sharif in the White House in Washington - 24 October: Pakistan’s PM Sharif urges Obama to stop drone strikes but he failed to get any traction with US Presidenton his wish list - 2 November: Pakistani interior minister and Imran Khan say the strike by the USA drone killing Taliban Hakimullah Mehsud has destroyed attempts to hold peace talks with the militants which began this week - 5 November: Pakistan's northwest Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provincial assembly unanimously adopts a resolution against the USA drone strikes and calls upon the federal government to take measures to stop these attacks - 24 November: Thousands of people protesting USA drone strikes blocked a road in northwest Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province used to truck NATO troop supplies and equipment in and out of Afghanistan - 27 November: Pakistani Tehreek-e-Insaaf party published the name of the suspected CIA's chief operative in Islamabad and demanded that he face murder charges over a USA drone strike - 26 December 2013: Pakistan to raise drone issue at UN Human Rights Council
USA drone attacks in Pakistan: Drone attacks in Pakistan - 14 August: USA censures independant report of London-based 'Bureau of Investigative Journalism' on drone casualties - August 2011 report on USA drone strikes - 24/25 January 2013: The UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights has launched an investigation into drone strikes in five places and will review resultant civilian casualties to determine whether the attacks constitute a war crime - Wikipedia-list of drone strikes in Pakistan 2004-2013 - 19 October 2013: Pakistan confirms that of some 2,200 people killed by US drone strikes in the past decade, at least 400 were civilians and an additional 200 victims were deemed 'probable non-combatants', UN human rights investigator Ben Emmerson says - 29 October: Nine-year-old Pakistani girl Nabila Rehman was picking okra in her family garden last year, when missiles from a US drone rained down from the sky, killing her grandmother and injuring her and seven other children
Climate change in Pakistan and in South Asia: Climate change in Pakistan - Effects of global warming on South Asia - List of extreme weather records in Pakistan - Climate change in South Asia is having significant impacts already which are expected to intensify as global temperatures rise due to climate change. The South Asia region consists of the eight countries Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, the Maldives and Sri Lanka. South Asia is one of the most vulnerable regions globally to a number of direct and indirect effects of climate change, including sea level rise, cyclonic activity, and changes in ambient temperature and precipitation patterns. Ongoing sea level rise has already submerged several low-lying islands in the Sundarbans region, displacing thousands of people
Air pollution in Pakistan: Air pollution in Pakistan
Water supply and sanitation in Pakistan: Water supply and sanitation in Pakistan
History of Indus river and Indus Valley Civilization: History of Indus river and Indus Valley Civilization
Floods, storms and tropical cyclones in Pakistan: Floods in Pakistan - Tropical cyclones in Pakistan
Since February 2019 Pakistan floods and storms: Since February 2019 Pakistan floods and storms
27 August 2022 Pakistan stands devastated due to the floods that have ravaged across all provinces: 27 August 2022: Flash floods triggered by 'above-normal' monsoon rains continue to wreak havoc across Pakistan, leaving various cities and villages submerged, crippling life and claiming around 1,000 lives since mid June, as per the latest statistics, around 982 people lost their lives, 1,456 suffered injuries, 802,583 livestock died, and 682,139 houses collapsed due to the floods and downpours - 27 August 2022: Around 498,833 flood affectees are currently residing in relief camps in flood-hit areas in Pakistan. Among the 116 districts impacted, 66 have been declared ‘calamity hit’. As the number keeps growing, their needs for essential items, too, continues to increase. Government agencies, military, local and national organisations, and NGOs have been busy providing relief to victims, some individuals have also been stepping up to lessen the impact of the calamity. But reportedly contributions also include perishable food and other low-priority items which may eventually never reach their destination or remain useless for those residing in relief camps at present. List of items to consider include clean drinking water, dry fuel such as wood, kerosene oil etc, dry eatables (as cooked food might perish or be only useful one time), dry milk (for children) and boxes of liquid milk, linen sheets instead of blankets and duvets, stitched clothes which can be readily worn, plastic shoes as stitching of regular shoes is useless amid stagnant flood water, raw food items such as rice, flour, and lentils for people stuck in homes due to flooding outside, dry ration such as roasted black chana and dates, dry fodder for cattle, tents
4 September 2022 as inundation still spreading Pakistan breached country’s largest freshwater lake Manchar: 4 September 2022: Authorities in flood-hit Pakistan have breached the country’s largest freshwater lake Manchar, displacing up to 100,000 people from their homes but saving more densely populated areas from gathering flood water, after record monsoon rains and melting glaciers in Pakistan’s northern mountains have brought floods that have affected 33 million people and killed at least 1,290, including 453 children. The inundation, blamed on climate breakdown, is still spreading. - 4 September 2022: Pakistan's climate change minister Sherry Rehman insists that rich polluters must pay their due as country is hit by devastating floods, predominantly to blame for the 'dystopian' climate breakdown, following broken promises to reduce emissions and help developing countries adapt to global heating
7 September 2022 as record floods submerge the country, Pakistanis come together and launch charity campaigns: 7 September 2022: As record floods submerge the country, Pakistanis come together and launch charity campaigns to help the victims
Heatwaves in Pakistan: Heat waves in Pakistan
April 2017 Pakistan heat wave: April 2017 Pakistan heat wave
2022 heat wave in Pakistan as Jacobabad reached 51°C, reverse in food security policy: La canicule de 2022 en Inde et au Pakistan, une vague de chaleur extrême se déroulant depuis le mois de mars 2022, caractérisée par sa précocité, sa durée exceptionnelle et ses températures anormalement élevées, dépassant régulièrement les 40°C. La barre symbolique des 50°C est même dépassée dans certaines régions, la ville de Jacobabad enregistre ainsi une température de 51°C le 14 mai, ce qui est alors la température la plus élevée au monde en 2022. Cette vague de chaleur tue au moins 25 personnes en Inde et 65 au Pakistan. Elle a un impact important sur la qualité de vie des populations, créant des coupures d'électricité, des pénuries d'eau, des incendies et impactant la biodiversité. Les récoltes désastreuses poussent en outre l'Inde, deuxième exportateur mondial de blé, à suspendre ses exportations pour assurer sa sécurité alimentaire, une décision qui, dans le contexte de la guerre en Ukraine, fait craindre une crise alimentaire mondiale. - 2022 heat wave in India and Pakistan caused a reverse in food securiy policy from trying to import to address the crises, to halting exports, as the heatwave has also severely impacted peach and apple harvests in Balochistan
8 October 2005 Kashmir earthquake: 8 October 2005 Kashmir earthquake in Pakistani-administered Azad Kashmir. It was centred near the city of Muzaffarabad, and also affected nearby Balakot in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and some areas of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir, and registered a moment magnitude of 7.6 and had a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe). The earthquake also affected countries in the surrounding region where tremors were felt in Afghanistan, Tajikistan, India and China's Xinjiang region. The severity of the damage caused by the earthquake is attributed to severe upthrust. It is considered the deadliest earthquake to hit South Asia, surpassing the 1935 Quetta earthquake, as victims in 2005 include 86,000–87,351 dead, 69,000–75,266 injured and 2.8 million displaced people
January 2011 Balochistan/Dalbandin earthquake: January 2011 Balochistan/Dalbandin earthquake
April and September 2013 Sistan and Baluchestan earthquake: April 2013 Sistan and Baluchestan earthquake - 16 April 2013: A powerful earthquake measured 7.8 on the Richter scale that struck southeastern Iran was felt in several countries in Asia - September 2013 Pakistan earthquake - 25 September 2013: A 7.7-magnitude earthquake in Baluchistan's Awaran district killed more than 200 people and injured over 382 - 28 September: A fresh powerful 6.8-magnitude earthquake hit southwest Pakistan today, killing at least 12 people in the region already devastated by a tremor which left more than 300 people dead this week, officials say 2 October 2013: A roadside bomb killed two soldiers doing relief work in the region of southwestern Pakistan where an earthquake killed at least 376 people last week, and gunmen carried out a pair of attacks on troops distributing aid there


Papua New Guinea - Geography of Papua New Guinea - History of Papua New Guinea - Demographics of Papua New Guinea
Economy of Papua New Guinea: Economy of Papua New Guinea
Since 19th century foreign companies exploiting mines and the native tribes: Frome the 19th century to the the first decades óf the 21st century mining disasters in Papua New Guinea - a documentary of the crimes of colonial powers in Papua New Guinea in three centuries leading to - 1 December 1988 – 20 April 1998 Bougainville Civil War, a multi-layered armed conflict in the North Solomons Province of Papua New Guinea PNG between PNG and the secessionist forces of the Bougainville Revolutionary Army, and between the BRA and other armed groups on Bougainville. The conflict was described by Bougainvillean president John Momis as the largest conflict in Oceania since the end of World War II in 1945, with an estimated 15,000–20,000 Bougainvilleans dead. The conflict involved at last the Australian company Conzinc Rio Tinto, finally exploiting copper and gold mines and native Papuans before independence since 2018.
Mining disasters in Papua New Guinea: Mining disasters in Papua New Guinea
1984-2013 Ok Tedi environmental disaster: 1984-2013 Ok Tedi environmental disaster
Energy in Papua New Guinea: Energy in Papua New Guinea
Oil and gas companies of Papua New Guinea: Oil and gas companies of Papua New Guinea
Aquaculture in Papua New Guinea: Aquaculture in Papua New Guinea
Water in Papua New Guinea: Water in Papua New Guinea
Road transport in Papua New Guinea: Road transport in Papua New Guinea
Economic history of Papua New Guinea: Economic history of Papua New Guinea
Since 2008 Great Recession in Oceania: Since 2008 Great Recession in Oceania
Military of Papua New Guinea: Military of Papua New Guinea
Politics of Papua New Guinea: Politics of Papua New Guinea
Political parties in Papua New Guinea: Political parties in Papua New Guinea
Trade unions in Papua New Guinea: Trade unions in Papua New Guinea
2011–2012 Papua New Guinean constitutional crisis: 2011–2012 Papua New Guinean constitutional crisis
Politics and elections in Papua New Guinea: Elections in Papua New Guinea
October 2018: 12 October 2018: Papua New Guineans have reacted with anger at its government importing a fleet of 40 Maserati luxury cars, which cost between $200,000 and $350,000 each in Australia, to drive international delegates around the Apec conference next month, amid a health and poverty crisis, struggling economy, and ongoing efforts after a devastating earthquake - 15 October 2018: Papua New Guinean opposition MPs have called for a nationwide strike this week amid growing anger after the government, which as well as hosting Apec is also dealing with a devastating earthquake recovery, a nationwide medication shortage, a polio outbreak and worsening TB rates in addition to generally high rates of poverty, last week imported 40 Maserati luxury vehicles via charter plane from Italy - 16 October 2018: Papua New Guinea has reportedly added three Bentleys to its controversial fleet of luxury cars purchased for the upcoming Apec leaders’ summit, each costing more than $230,000
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Papua New Guinea: Papua New Guinean society
Human rights in Papua New Guinea: Human rights in Papua New Guinea
Regions, provinces, districts and Local-Level Government areas of Papua New Guinea: List of regions of Papua New Guinea - Provinces of Papua New Guinea - Districts and Local-Level Government areas of Papua New Guinea
National Capital District and Port Moresby: National Capital District of Papua New Guinea
Economy of Lae: Economy of Lae
Since 1971 city of Lae: Since 1971 city of Lae
Demographics of Bougainville: Demographics of Bougainville
Since 2000 Autonomous Bougainville Government: Since 2000 Autonomous Bougainville Government
1988-1998 Bougainville Civil War: 1988-1998 Bougainville Civil War, a multi-layered armed conflict fought from 1988 to 1998 in the North Solomons Province of Papua New Guinea between PNG and the secessionist forces of the Bougainville Revolutionary Army, and between the BRA and other armed groups on Bougainville, described as the largest conflict in Oceania since the end of World War II with an estimated 15,000 to 20,000 Bougainvilleans dead - Since 1994 Sandline affair, a political scandal that became one of the defining moments in the history of Papua New Guinea, and particularly the conflict in Bougainville, bringing down the government of Sir Julius Chan and taking Papua New Guinea to the verge of a military revolt, as the event was named after Sandline International, a UK-based private military company force
Papuan ethnic groups and languages: The indigenous peoples of Papua New Guinea - and Western New Guinea - commonly called Papuans, are Melanesians. There is genetic evidence for two major historical lineages in New Guinea and neighboring islands: a first wave from the Malay Archipelago perhaps 50,000 years ago when New Guinea and Australia were a single landmass called Sahul and, much later, a wave of Austronesian people from the north who introduced Austronesian languages and pigs about 3,500 years ago. - Languages of Papua New Guinea - New Guinea is one of the most linguistically diverse regions in the world, and besides the Austronesian languages, there are some 800 languages divided into perhaps sixty small language families, with unclear relationships to each other or to any other languages, plus a large number of language isolates - Papuan languages are a subset of languages of Papua New Guinea of the western Pacific island of New Guinea, and neighbouring islands, that are neither Austronesian nor Australian - Austronesian languages, a language family that is widely dispersed throughout Maritime Southeast Asia, Madagascar, the islands of the Pacific Ocean, with a few members in continental Asia, are spoken by about 386 million people
Culture of Papua New Guinea: Culture of Papua New Guinea
Literature and traditional music in Papua New Guinea: Literature of Papua New Guinea - Traditional instruments and music of Papua New Guinea
Children and childrens' rights in Papua New Guinea: Childrens' rights in Papua New Guinea
Education in Papua New Guinea: Education in Papua New Guinea
Schools in Papua New Guinea: Schools in Papua New Guinea
Health in Papua New Guinea: Health in Papua New Guinea
Media in Papua New Guinea: Media in Papua New Guinea
Newspapers in Papua New Guinea: Newspapers published in Papua New Guinea
Crime in Papua New Guinea: Crime in Papua New Guinea
Violence in Papua New Guinea: Violence in Papua New Guinea
Corruption in Papua New Guinea: Corruption in Papua New Guinea
Illegal logging in Papua New Guinea: Illegal logging in Papua New Guinea
Human trafficking in Papua New Guinea: Human trafficking in Papua New Guinea
Sexual violence in Papua New Guinea: Sexual violence in Papua New Guinea
Judiciary and courts in Papua New Guinea: Courts in Papua New Guinea
Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea: Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea
Law enforcement in Papua New Guinea: Law enforcement in Papua New Guinea
Foreign relations of Papua New Guinea: Foreign relations of Papua New Guinea
Treaties of Papua New Guinea: Treaties of Papua New Guinea
Membership in international organisations: Papua New Guinea's membership in international organisations
UNDP in Papua New Guinea: UNDP in Papua New Guinea
Bilateral relations of Papua New Guinea: Bilateral relations of Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea/Germany relations: Papua New Guinea/Germany relations
1884–1899 German New Guinea Company and colony 'German New Guinea': German New Guinea Company 1884–1899 - German colony 1884–1919 'German New Guinea' - German colonial empire
1884-1919 'Kaiser-Wilhelmsland': 'Kaiser-Wilhelmsland' 1884-1919
Papua New Guinea/Israel relations: Papua New Guinea/Israel relations
Papua-New Guinea/Switzerland relations: Papua-New Guinea/Switzerland relations
Papua New Guinea/United Kingdom relations: Papua New Guinea/United Kingdom relations - Territory of New Guinea
1884–1949 British colony 'Territory of Papua': British colony 1884–1949 'Territory of Papua'
Papua New Guinea/USA relations: Papua New Guinea/USA relations
Conservation and ecoregions of New Guinea: Conservation in Papua New Guinea - Ecoregions of New Guinea
Environmental issues in Papua New Guinea: Environmental issues in Papua New Guinea
Deforestation in Papua New Guinea: Deforestation in Papua New Guinea
Coral Triangle Initiative: Coral Triangle Initiative
Natural disasters in Papua New Guinea: Natural disasters in Papua New Guinea
Volcanoes in Papua New Guinea and eruptions: List of volcanoes in Papua New Guinea
1951 Mount Lamington eruption: Mount Lamington and 1951 eruption
Earthquakes in Papua New Guinea: Earthquakes in Papua New Guinea
January 2017 Papua New Guinea earthquake: January 2017 Papua New Guinea earthquake
Tropical cyclones in Papua New Guinea: Tropical cyclones in Papua New Guinea
Floods and landslides in Papua New Guinea:


Philippines - Geography of the Philippines - Luzon island group includes Luzon, the Batanes islands, Babuyan islands to the north, the Catanduanes islands, Marinduque, Masbate, Mindoro and Palawan - Visayan group consists of western, central and eastern islands, Panay, Negros, Cebu, Bohol, Leyte and Samar - Mindanao island group includes Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago - Geology of the Philippines - History of the Philippines - Demographics of the Philippines - Ethnic groups of the Philippines
Mining in the Philippines: Mining in the Philippines
Disasters and mining disasters in the Philippines: Disasters in the Philippines - Mining disasters in the Philippines
1996 Marcopper mining disaster: 1996 Marcopper mining disaster
Sugar industry of the Philippines: Sugar industry of the Philippines
November 2013 coconut production and typhoons: 22 November 2013: Coconut farmers face ruin after typhoon Haiyan
Coffee production in the Philippines: Coffee production in the Philippines
Forestry in the Philippines: Forestry in the Philippines
Deforestation in the Philippines: Deforestation in the Philippines
Fishing and fish of the Philippines: Fishing and fish of the Philippines
Water transportation in the Philippines: Water transportation in the Philippines
List of ports in the Philippines: List of ports in the Philippines
Maritime incidents in the Philippines: Maritime incidents in the Philippines
Road transportation in the Philippines: Road transportation in the Philippines
Aviation in the Philippines: Aviation in the Philippines
Aviation accidents and incidents in the Philippines: Aviation accidents and incidents in the Philippines
Land Bank of the Philippines: Land Bank of the Philippines
Economic history of the Philippines and business cycles: Economic history of the Philippines
Since March 2020 quarantine and impact on GDP, workforce, basic goods and economic growth: Since March 2020 Luzon enhanced community quarantine and impact on GDP, workforce, basic goods and economic growth
Poverty and income inequality in the Philippines: Poverty in the Philippines - Income inequality in the Philippines
Child labour in the Philippines: Child labour in the Philippines
Armed Forces of the Philippines: Armed Forces of the Philippines
Philippine Army, military units and formations: Philippine Army and military units and formations of the Philippine Army
Philippine Navy: Philippine Navy
Military history of the Philippines: Military history of the Philippines
Since 1941/1942 Philippine Army Air Corps in WWII: Since 1941/1942 Philippine Army Air Corps in WWII
1940s Japanese attacks and 1942 Bataan Death March: World War II, the 1940s, Japanese attack and 1942 Bataan Death March
Since 20th century list of coups d'état in the Philippines: Since 20th century list of coups d'état in the Philippines
Since 20th century martial law in the Philippines: Since 20th century martial law in the Philippines
Political parties in the Philippines: Political parties in the Philippines
October-December 2016: 1 October 2016: USA's Ashton Carter criticizes 'deeply troubling' remarks by Philippine President Duterte, in which he likened his deadly war on crime to Hitler’s efforts to exterminate Jews - 17 October 2016: Comparing the killing of innocents in the Philippines to USA attacks in wars in Vietnam and Afghanistan, where civilians are killed during airstrikes on militants, president of the Philippines Duterte refers to innocent people and children as 'collateral damage' in his war on drugs because police use automatic weapons when confronting suspected criminals - 5 December 2016: Philippine's Leni Robredo, who expressed concern over rising extrajudicial killings, is remaining vice president but resigns as housing secretary after president Duterte ordered her to stop attending cabinet meetings, a development that could galvanize opposition to Duterte - 29 December 2016: After Duterte admitted killing people during his 22 years as a mayor of Davao city, sometimes riding a motorcycle looking for 'encounters to kill', he threatens corrupt government suspects with the prospect of being thrown out of a helicopter, warning he has done it himself before
7 May 2022 ‘Our generation’s fight’ campaign to stop Marcos Jr, 'Al Jazeera' reports from Manila: 7 May 2022: ‘Our generation’s fight’ campaign to stop Marcos Jr, 'Al Jazeera' reports from Manila
Social movements and protest in the Philippines: Protests in the Philippines
1986 People Power Revolution: People Power Revolution 1986
Since August 2013 'Million People March': Million People March since August 2013
January 2019 protests against Duterte by farmers: January 2019 protests against Duterte by farmers
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in the Philippines: Philippine society
Human rights in the Philippines: Human rights in the Philippines
Cities of the Philippines: Cities of the Philippines
Luzon island: Luzon island, the largest and most populous island in the Philippines and the economic and political center of the nation, being home to the country's capital city, Manila, as well as Quezon City, the country's most populous city - Administrative divisions of Luzon, covered by 8 administrative regions, 30 provinces and 68 cities (8 regions, 38 provinces and 71 cities if associated islands are included) - Cordillera Administrative Region, an administrative region within the island of Luzon. It is the only landlocked region in the insular country, bordered by the Ilocos Region to the west and southwest, and by the Cagayan Valley Region to the north, east, and southeast. It is the least populous region in the Philippines, with a population less than that of the city of Manila. The region comprises six provinces: Abra, Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga and Mountain Province. The regional center is the highly urbanized city of Baguio
History of Luzon: History of Luzon
History of the Cordillera Administrative Region: History of the Cordillera Administrative Region
Crime in Metro Manila: Crime in Metro Manila
Demographics, indigenous peoples and ethnic groups in the Philippines: Demographics of the Philippines - Indigenous peoples of the Philippines - Filipino people
History of the Jews in the Philippines: History of the Jews in the Philippines
Women and women's rights in the Philippines: Women in the Philippines - Women's rights in the Philippines
Children and children's rights in the Philippines:
Child labor in the Philippines: Child labor in the Philippines
Street children in the Philippines: Street children in the Philippines
Children in jail in the Philippines: Children in jail in the Philippines
Drugs in the Philippines: Drugs in the Philippines
Health disasters in the Philippines: Health disasters in the Philippines
Deaths and accidental deaths in the Philippines: Deaths in the Philippines - Accidental deaths in the Philippines
Timeline of the 2020 covid-19 pandemic in the Philippines: Timeline of the 2020 coronavirus pandemic in the Philippines
Killed and intimidated journalists in the Philippines:
2001-2010 journalists killed under the Arroyo administration: 2001-2010 List of journalists killed under the Arroyo administration
Newspapers, radio and television in the Philippines: Newspapers in the Philippines
Web media and internet companies of the Philippines: Philippine web media - Internet companies of the Philippines
Social networking in the Philippines: Social networking in the Philippines
Crime in the Philippines: Crime in the Philippines
Illegal logging and deforestation in the Philippines: Illegal logging in the Philippines - Deforestation in the Philippines
Illegal drug trade in the Philippines: Illegal drug trade in the Philippines
Human trafficking in the Philippines: Human trafficking in the Philippines
Violence against women in the Philippines: Violence against women in the Philippines
Children in jail in the Philippines: Children in jail in the Philippines
War crimes in the Philippines: War crimes in the Philippines
Murder in the Philippines: Murder in the Philippines
'Extrajudicial killings', forced disappearances and lawlessness in the Philippines: 'Extrajudicial killings' and forced disappearances in the Philippines
February 2006 PhilSports Stadium stampede: 4 February 2006 PhilSports Stadium stampede
December 2017 Davao City mall fire: 24 December 2017 2017 Davao City mall fire
Judiciary and courts in the Philippines: Judiciary of the Philippines - Courts in the Philippines
Supreme Court of the Philippines: Supreme Court of the Philippines
Law enforcement in the Philippines: Law enforcement in the Philippines
Foreign relations of the Philippines: Foreign relations of the Philippines - Overseas Filipino
Treaties of the Philippines: Treaties of the Philippines
Membership in international organisations and multilateral relations: Multilateral relations of the Philippines and membership in international organisations
Philippines/United Nations relations: Philippines/United Nations relations
The Philippines in UN Peacekeeping missions: The Philippines in UN Peacekeeping missions
Bilateral relations of the Philippines: Bilateral relations of the Philippines
Philippines/Canada relations: Philippines/Canada relations
Philippines/PR of China relations: Philippines/PR of China relations
2013 foreign domestic workers' permanent residency denied by Hong Kong court: 25 March 2013: Hong Kong court ruling denies foreign domestic workers the right to apply for permanent residency
Philippines/India relations: Philippines/India relations
Philippines/Indonesia relations: Philippines/Indonesia relations
Philippines/Israel relations: Philippines/Israel relations
History and economic relations: History of Israel–Philippines relations
Since the 16th century history of the Jews in the Philippines: Since the 16th century history of the Jews in the Philippines
Philippines/Japan relations: Philippines/Japan relations
Philippines/South Korea relations: Philippines/South Korea relations
Philippines/Russia relations: Philippines/Russia relations
Philippines/Taiwan relations: Philippines/Taiwan relations
Philippines-Taiwan economic relations: Philippines-Taiwan economic relations
Philippines/United Kingdom relations: Philippines/United Kingdom relations
Philippines/USA relations: Philippines/USA relations
Philippines/Vietnam relations: Philippines/Vietnam relations
Ecoregions in the Philippines: Ecoregions in the Philippines
Natural disasters in the Philippines: Natural disasters in the Philippines
Weather events, typhoons, floods and landslides in the Philippines: Weather events in the Philippines
Typhoons in the Philippines: Typhoons in the Philippines
2013 typhoons in the Philippines: Typhoons in the Philippines 2013 - August 2013 Typhoon Utor - 19 août 2013: Manille quasiment paralysée par des inondations après des pluies torrentielles - Typhoon Usagi September 2013 - 21 September: Super typhoon Usagi cuts power, unleashes landslides in northern Philippines - Typhoon Nari October 2013 - 13 October: Typhoon Nari hits the northern Philippines, killing 13 people and leaving more than two million without power - Typhoon Haiyan November 2013 - 7 November: Thousands of villagers, including those from a central province devastated recently by an earthquake, evacuated ahead of the arrival of Haiyan - 8 November: Very powerful typhoon Haiyan hits Philippines - 10 November: Deadly typhoon Haiyan destroyed about 70 to 80 percent of the area in its path - 11 November: Typhoon Haiyan made landfall in Vietnam as a tropical storm, after killing thousands of people in the Philippines, where rescue workers are still struggling to reach the most devastated areas - 13 November: Aid operations pick up pace in typhoon-devastated regions of the Philippines after the lack of water, food and medical supplies caused desperation - 13/14 November: Criticism and anger at slow pace of Philippines typhoon relief - 20 November: Children in Haiyan disaster zone are particularly vulnerable, warns Unicef - 15 December 2013: Relief teams are still finding eight to 10 dead bodies a day, more than a month after typhoon Haiyan's destruction - 25 December: Christmas in mud as rain pelts Philippine disaster zone, and broken promise to restore electricity to all typhoon-ravaged areas by Christmas Eve
2014/2015: 14 January: 22 people have been killed and nearly 200,000 others evacuated as floods and landslides hit Mindanao island - Typhoon Rammasun July 2014 - September 2014 Tropical Storm Fung-wong - September 2014 Typhoon Kalmaegi - December 2014 Typhoon Hagupit - 5 December: Tens of thousands of people flee coastal areas ahead of typhoon Hagupit - 8 December: At least 21 people have been reported killed in the Philippines by typhoon Hagupit - 1 January 2015: Three dead, thousands flee as storm Seniang hits south Philippines - 17 January 2015: Mekkhala has intensified into a typhoon, posing a serious threat to Eastern Visayas and Bicol region and killing a 21-year-old woman from Samar when scaffolding near the stage collapsed at the airport just after a mass with the pope - May 2015 Typhoon Noul - July 2015 Typhoon Chan-hom - August 2015 typhoon Goni - October 2015 typhoon Koppu - 22 October 2015: Typhoon Koppu death toll reaches 54 as Philippines battles devastating floods and as half a million people have been forced from their homes due to torrential rains - December 2015 Typhoon Melor - 20 décembre 2015: Le bilan de deux tempêtes typhon Melor et la dépression tropicale Onyok s'aggrave à 45 morts
September 2018 typhoon Mangkhut: September 2018 Typhoon Mangkhut - 13 September 2018: The Philippines is bracing for Typhoon Mangkhut, that threatens harvest amid ongoing rice shortages - 14 September 2018: The Philippines is braced for one of the strongest typhoons in its history, as authorities evacuate families, close schools and put rescuers and troops on full alert - 15 September 2018: At least three people have died, including two emergency workers killed in landslides, after Typhoon Mangkhut unleashed ferocious winds and rain in the Philippines, damaging an airport vital to the transport of humanitarian aid and forcing tens of thousands to flee - 17 September 2018: After leaving at least 64 people dead in the Philippines amid landslides and flooding, and a trail of damage across the nation’s bread basket in the northern Philippines, storm Mangkhut hits south China injuring more than 100 people in Hong Kong and forcing 2.4 million to flee in Guangdong - 21 September 2018: Philippines villages in Cebu province buried by landslide after Typhoon Mangkhut
Since 16 December 2021 typhoon Rai: 16 December 2021 typhoon Rai made landfall over Siargao Island in the province of Surigao del Norte, and a second landfall over Dinagat Islands - 18 December 2021: More than 30 people are feared dead and many are missing after devastating Super Typhoon Rai swept over the Philippines, crashing into the country's southeastern islands on Thursday, levelling homes and bringing winds of about 195km/h as the strongest storm to hit the Philippines this year has toppled power poles, uprooted trees and left three million people without electricity, before targeting continental Asia, the 'BBC' reports - 19 December 2021: The official death toll from the strongest typhoon to hit the Philippines this year has risen to 89 people, as efforts to deliver water and food to devastated islands ramped up, and as more than 300,000 people fled their homes and beachfront resorts
April 2022 Tropical storm Megi: April 2022 Tropical storm Megi - 12 April 2022: Rescuers hampered by mud and rain have used their bare hands and shovels to search for survivors of landslides that smashed into villages in the central Philippines, as the death toll from tropical storm Megi rose to 42, as scientists have long warned typhoons are strengthening more rapidly as the world becomes warmer due to climate change. The Philippines – ranked among the most vulnerable nations to its impacts – is hit by an average of 20 storms every year. - 12 avril 2022: Au moins 42 personnes sont mortes dans des inondations et des glissements de terrain dans le centre et le sud des Philippines, à la suite de pluies diluviennes dues à la tempête tropicale Megi, selon les derniers bilans officiels rendus publics mardi
Since 19 July 2023 deadly typhoon Doksuri brings heavy rains: Since 19 July 2023 typhoon Doksuri - in the Philippines super typhoon Egay - caused extensive damage in the Philippines, Taiwan, and China. By 27 July Doksuri underwent another round of rapid intensification in the South China Sea and moved towards Fujian in China. The typhoon killed 57 and left 91 persons injured, including 27 people on board the MB Aya Express who were killed when the pump boat capsized. Floods were reported in 9 out of the Philippines' 17 regions, affecting over 2 million people and requiring over 300 thousand to evacuate. In Taiwan, around 150,000 people across the country lost power. In China Doksuri was the strongest typhoon to impact southeastern Fujian province since Typhoon Meranti in 2016. - 28 July 2023: At least 26 people have died and 40 have been rescued after a ferry capsized in the Philippines, officials have said, as the tail end of Typhoon Doksuri battered parts of the country
Floods and landslides in the Philippines: Floods in the Philippines - Landslides in the Philippines
Earthquakes in the Philippines: Earthquakes in the Philippines
2020–2021 Taal Volcano eruptions: 2020–2021 Taal Volcano eruptions


Singapore - History of Singapore - Geography of Singapore - List of islands of Singapore - Demographics of Singapore
Companies by industry and manufacturing companies of Singapore: Companies of Singapore by industry - Manufacturing companies of Singapore
Electronics companies of Singapore: Electronics companies of Singapore
Engineering companies of Singapore: Engineering companies of Singapore
Water supply and sanitation in Singapore: Water supply and sanitation in Singapore
Transport in Singapore: Transport in Singapore
August 2010 5,000 km Nanning-Singapore railway planned: 26 August 2010: 5,000 km Nanning-Singapore railway planned
Water transport in Singapore: Water transport in Singapore
Maritime transport and ports and harbours in Singapore: Maritime transport and ports and harbours in Singapore
Ports and harbours of Singapore: Ports and harbours of Singapore
Since 2012 Marina Bay Cruise Centre Singapore: Since 2012 Marina Bay Cruise Centre Singapore
Foreign trade of Singapore: Foreign trade of Singapore
Monetary Authority in Singapore: Monetary Authority of Singapore
Economic history of Singapore and economic cycles: Economic history of Singapore - Since 1965 economic statistics of Singapore
Since 1965 economic history, industrialisation boom and change: Economic history, industrialisation boom and change in Singapore since 1965
Since February 2020 economical and social impact of covid-19 pandemic in Singapore: Since February 2020 economical and social impact of covid-19 pandemic in Singapore
April 2020 queues as shoppers rush to prepare for closure of schools and most workplaces: 4 April 2020: Long queues at some malls as shoppers rush to prepare for closure of schools and most workplaces
Employment, unemployment, underenployment, economic inequality and working conditions in Singapore: Employment, unemployment, underenployment and working conditions in Singapore - Poverty and economic inequality in Singapore
Military and police of Singapore: Military of Singapore - Singapore Police Force
Taxation in Singapore: Taxation in Singapore
No capital gains tax in Singapore: There is no capital gains tax in Singapore
Political parties in Singapore: Political parties in Singapore
Trade Unions in Singapore: National Trades Union Congress - Young NTUC
2011 Singaporean general and presidential election: Singaporean general election 2011 - Singaporean presidential election 2011
2023 Singaporean presidential election: 2023 Singaporean presidential election
Social movements, protests and demonstrations in Singapore: Protests in Singapore - Public demonstrations in Singapore - Speakers' Corner, Singapore
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Singapore: Singaporean society
Demographics of Singapore: Demographics of Singapore
Ethnic groups in Singapore: Ethnic groups in Singapore
Asian diaspora in Singapore: Asian diaspora in Singapore
Languages and culture in Singapore: Culture of Singapore - Languages of Singapore
Education in Singapore: Education in Singapore
Schools in Singapore: Schools in Singapore
Universities in Singapore: List of universities in Singapore
Health in Singapore: Health in Singapore
Medical outbreaks, disasters and man-made disasters in Singapore in Singapore: Medical outbreaks in Singapore since 2002 - Disasters in Singapore - Man-made disasters in Singapore
Since January 2020 covid-19 pandemic in Singapore: Since January 2020 covid-19 pandemic in Singapore
2013 Southeast Asian haze: 2013 Southeast Asian haze
Women in Singapore: Women in Singapore
Media of Singapore: Media of Singapore
Newspapers in Singapore: Newspapers in Singapore
Broadcasting in Singapore: Broadcasting in Singapore
Human rights in Singapore: Human rights in Singapore
Religion and freedom of religion in Singapore: Religion in Singapore - Freedom of religion in Singapore
Singapore's laws make it illegal to hold cause-related events without a valid licence from the authorities: Public demonstrations are rare in Singapore due to laws that make it illegal to hold cause-related events without a valid licence from the authorities
Capital punishment in Singapore: Capital punishment in Singapore
Crime in Singapore: Crime in Singapore
Organized crime and secret societies in Singapore: Organized crime in Singapore - Secret societies in Singapore
Human trafficking in Singapore: Human trafficking in Singapore
Human rights and voting rights in Singapore: Human rights in Singapore - Voting rights in Singapore
Legal organisations based in Singapore: Legal organisations based in Singapore
Foreign relations of Singapore: Foreign relations of Singapore
Treaties of Singapore: Treaties of Singapore
Foreign investments, banks, insurances and interests in Singapore: Foreign banks in Singapore - Insurance companies in Singapore
Singapore's membership in international organizations: Singapore's membership in international organizations, including UN, APEC and G20
Singapore/Australia relations: Singapore/Australia relations
Australians in Singapore: Australians in Singapore
Singapore/China relations: Singapore/China relations
China-Singapore economic and trade relations: China-Singapore economic and trade relations
Singapore/European Union relations: Singapore/European Union relations
Since 2010 European Union–Singapore Free Trade Agreement: Since 2010 European Union–Singapore Free Trade Agreement
Singapore/Indonesia relations: Singapore/Indonesia relations
Southeast Asian haze: 2013 Southeast Asian haze
Singapore/Malaysia relations: Singapore/Malaysia relations
Singapore/Philippines relations: Singapore/Philippines relations
Philippine-Singapore economic relations: Philippine-Singapore economic relations
Singapore/Russia relations: Singapore/Russia relations
Russia-Singapore economic relations: Russia-Singapore economic relations
November 2018 Russia and Singapore ink $1bn worth of investment deals: 14 November 2018: Russia and Singapore ink $1bn worth of investment deals at ASEAN Summit
Singapore/Switzerland relations: Singapore/Switzerland relations
Singapore/United Kingdom relations: Singapore/United Kingdom relations - Trade and Investment


Sri Lanka - Geography of Sri Lanka - History of Sri Lanka - British annexation of Colombo 1796: British colony 'British Ceylon' between 1815 and 1948
Textile industry of Sri Lanka: Textile industry of Sri Lanka
Agriculture in Sri Lanka: Agriculture in Sri Lanka
Rice production in Sri Lanka: Rice production in Sri Lanka
Tea production in Sri Lanka: Tea production in Sri Lanka
Economic history of Sri Lanka and economic cycles: Economic history of Sri Lanka
Since January 2020 economic impact of covid-19 pandemic on Sri Lanka economy: Since January 2020 economic impact of covid-19 pandemic on Sri Lanka economy
May 2022 Sri Lankan economic crisis since 2019: May 2022: Amid Sri Lankan economic crisis, on 16 May 2022 the newly appointed PM Wickremesinghe revealed that the government has no usable dollar reserves and even finding a million dollars was a challenge, the revenue is not enough to cover expenses as a revenue forecast of Rs.3.3 trillion is against a total government expenditure of around Rs.4 trillion resulting in a deficit of around Rs.2.4 trillion, inflation would continue to rise, daily power outages could increase up to 15 hours a day, medicine shortage has become severe, especially for heart disease and surgical equipment. Payments for medicine and equipment supplies have not been paid for four months and the government owes them around Rs. 34 billion and as a result the State Pharmaceuticals Corporation is being blacklisted by pharmaceutical suppliers. Wickremesinghe described the period as 'the most difficult ones of our lives' and claimed that it would be more difficult than the worst periods Sri Lankans had faced in the past - 16 May 2022: Sri Lanka on the verge of bankruptcy, unable to import fuel, food and medicines, leading to dangerous shortages, and temporarily defaulted on its foreign loans. With ships carrying fuel in the harbour of Colombo, PM Wickremesinghe admitted that the government could not currently afford to pay for them, even as people queued in desperation for hours outside petrol stations, saying 'we must prepare ourselves to make some sacrifices and face the challenges of this period'
May 2022 Sri Lankan protests: 23/25 May 2022: Sri Lankan government tabled the new 21st amendment to the constitution which revert most of the 20th amendment which the protestors demanded to be abolished due to giving almost unlimited powers to the president. The amendment also proposes to re-empower independent commissions and to add the National Audit Commission and the Procurement Commission as Independent Commissions. It will ban dual citizens from holding parliamentary sea thus ending Basil Rajapaksa's political career. On 25 May a protest demanding the arrest of Johnston Fernando took place outside the Criminal Investigation Department headquarters over May 09 ‘Black Monday’ attacks. Many of the protestors were victims of attacks by Rajapaksa loyalists and came to the protests still wearing bandages and casts.
Poverty in Sri Lanka: Poverty in Sri Lanka
Sri Lankan Civil War 1983-2009 and aftermath: Sri Lankan Civil War 1983-2009 - Aftermath of the Sri Lankan Civil War - 22 March 2012: The United Nations Human Rights Council will today debate on a US resolution urging Colombo to probe alleged excesses committed during its operation to eradicate LTTE - 24 March 2012: Sri Lankan delegates intimidate NGO activists at the Human Rights Council in Geneva - 2 March 2013: Sri Lanka rejects film on alleged war crimes shown at UN as 'orchestrated campaign', as rights group says that 'the Human Rights Council cannot continue to ignore the call for an independent international investigation into war crimes' - 6 March: Sri Lankan police blocked hundreds of minority Tamils from attending a rally in the capital to protest extrajudicial killings and disappearances - 25 August 2013: UN rights chief begins a fact-finding mission to Sri Lanka after the government dropped public hostility towards her and promised access to former war zones - 22 March 2014: Sri Lanka's military admitted on Saturday soldiers had abused and tortured female recruits, after years of allegations over its personnel's treatment of Tamil rebels during uprising
Trade unions in Sri Lanka: Trade unions in Sri Lanka
Parliament and president of Sri Lanka: Parliament of Sri Lanka (Parliament of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka), the supreme legislative body of Sri Lanka. It alone possesses legislative supremacy and thereby ultimate power over all other political bodies in the island, and is modeled after the British Parliament. It consists of 225 members known as Members of Parliament MPs. Members are elected by proportional representation for five-year terms, with universal suffrage. The president of Sri Lanka has the power to summon, suspend, prorogue, or terminate a legislative session and to dissolve the Parliament. President can dissolve Parliament only after the lapse of 2+1/2 years or if 2/3 majority of Members of Parliament requests him. The actions of the president to either suspend or dissolve the Parliament is subject to legal scrutiny of the Supreme Court of Sri Lanka. The Speaker or, in his absence, the Deputy Speaker and Chairman of Committees or the Deputy Chairman of Committees, presides over Parliament. - President of Sri Lanka, the head of state, chief executive, and de jure head of government of the state. The president is the chief executive of the union government and the commander-in-chief of the Sri Lanka Armed Forces. The office was created in 1972 as a ceremonial head of state. Until 1972, Ceylon was a Commonwealth realm with Queen Elizabeth II as the head of state and Queen of Ceylon. It became an executive post in 1978, and since then has been the single most dominant political office in the country
Elections and politics in Sri Lanka: Elections in Sri Lanka
February 2018 Sri Lankan local elections: 10 February 2018 Sri Lankan local elections
November 2018: 2 November 2018: Sri Lanka’s politics plunged into deeper turmoil when a majority of the country’s parliamentarians refused to recognize the appointment of the new PM amid rising tensions and accusations of millions of dollars in bribes - 10 November 2018: Sri Lanka has plunged deeper into crisis after president Sirisena called a snap election, leaving the country facing a further two months of damaging political paralysis with a pair of bitter rivals claiming to run the government - 10 November 2018: The decision to dissolve parliament and call snap elections will be challenged in Sri Lanka's supreme court - 13 November 2018: Sri Lanka's supreme court suspends president's decision to dissolve parliament - 14 November 2018: Sri Lanka MPs pass no-confidence vote against disputed PM Rajapaksa, as his allies refuse to recognise legitimacy of vote - 16 November 2018: Sri Lanka’s parliament has been disrupted for a second day, with legislators allied to the disputed PM Rajapaksa hurling chairs at police officers and allegedly throwing chilli powder at opposing MPs
22 November 2019 Rajapaksa cements family power as brothers join cabinet: 22 November 2019: Sri Lanka's president Rajapaksa cements family power as brothers join cabinet
August 2020 Sri Lankan parliamentary election: 5 August 2020 Sri Lankan parliamentary election
2 January 2022 covid-19 crisis leaves Sri Lanka on brink of bankruptcy: a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jan/02/covid-crisis-sri-lanka-bankruptcy-poverty-pandemic-food-prices">2 January 2022: Covid-19 crisis leaves Sri Lanka on brink of bankruptcy, as half a million people have sunk into poverty since the pandemic struck, with rising costs forcing many to cut back on food
April-May 2022 Sri Lanka political crisis and power struggle: April 2022 - May 2022 Sri Lankan political crisis, an ongoing economic and political crisis in Sri Lanka due to the power struggle between president Rajapaksa and the Parliament of Sri Lanka. The crisis was fuelled by the anti-government protests and demonstrations by the public and also due to the worsening economy of Sri Lanka since 2019. The anti-government sentiment across various parts of Sri Lanka has triggered an unprecedented political instability creating shockwaves in political arena - Since 16 March 2022 Sri Lankan protests, a series of ongoing protests by various non-partisan protesters, mainly the general public, and opposition political parties against the government of president Rajapaksa, accused of mismanaging the economy and producing an economic crisis with severe inflation, daily blackouts, a shortage of fuel and essential items. Protesters demanded that the government run by the Rajapaksa family immediately resign. Most protesters were unaligned with any political party, and some expressed discontent with the political opposition.
8 April 2022 court imposes travel ban on Cabraal after activist Keerthi Tennakoon files case: 8 April 2022 Sri Lankan Court imposes travel ban on former Central Bank Governor Cabraal after activist Keerthi Tennakoon files case
10 April 2022 thousands of protesters in Sri Lanka call for president to resign: 10 April 2022: Thousands of protesters in Sri Lanka call for president to resign, 'The Guardian' reports with video
7 July 2022 Sri Lanka hikes rates in face of record inflation, despite economic contraction: 7 July 2022: Sri Lanka hikes rates in face of record inflation, despite economic contraction
13 July 2022 police have fired tear gas as protesters stormed PM's office and as Rajapaksa has fled for the Maldives: 13 July 2022: Police have fired tear gas as protesters stormed the prime minister's office in Colombo, amid Sri Lanka's worst economic crisis in decades, as president Rajapaksa has fled Sri Lanka on a military aircraft for the Maldives, leaving behind a deepening economic and political crisis in the island nation on the day he was expected to resign in the face of mass protests, and as the PM declares emergency - 13 July 2022: Maldivians voice outrage as disgraced Sri Lankan leader Rajapaksa flees to the Maldives, now accused of helping the disgraced leader escape justice, as on Wednesday afternoon Sri Lankan expatriates protested at the artificial beach in Male, carrying a banner that read 'Dear Maldivian friends, Please urge your government not to safeguard criminals', 'Al Jazeera' journalist Ahmed Naish reports
14 July 2022 Sri Lanka’s president quits after fleeing protests, as protesters cheer, shout slogans in Colombo: 14 July 2022: President Rajapaksa's letter of resignation sent, as it is currently unclear if the letter will be accepted in email form - 14 July 2022: Gotabaya Rajapaksa has resigned as president of Sri Lanka a day after fleeing weeks of mass protests over the country’s economic crisis, as Rajapaksa’s office said his resignation letter had been received by the country’s parliamentary speaker, after it was flown from Singapore, to where the leader had fled via the Maldives. The speaker’s office said it would verify the authenticity of the letter, complete all legal processes and make an official announcement about Rajapaksa’s resignation on Friday. News of Rajapaksa’s resignation was greeted by cheers and the launching of firecrackers in the streets of Colombo. “I can’t believe it, no more Gotabaya. This is a great day for the Sri Lankan people,” said Rubika, 26, who was among those dancing in the streets as the announcement broke
20 July 2022 Sri Lanka’s speaker of parliament accepted Rajapaksa's resignation letter sent by e-mail: 20 July 2022: Sri Lanka’s PM Wickremesinghe - close to ousted president Rajapaksa, and who has been PM six times - has been elected as president to replace the ousted one, a result that is likely to provoke turmoil among protesters who have been calling for weeks for him to resign
Social movements and protests in Sri Lanka: Protests in Sri Lanka - Trade unions in Sri Lanka - Students' unions in Sri Lanka
9 March 2022 – May Sri Lankan protests, strike against economic crisis and government: Since 16 March 2022 Sri Lankan protests, a series of ongoing protests, caused by economic mismanagement by the government resulting in the 2019–present Sri Lankan economic crisis, by powercuts and shortages of fuel and essential items, by high inflation and the rapid rise in the cost of living, by corruption and nepotism of the Rajapaksa family. Goals of the protest movement include the resignation of president G. Rajapaksa and his administration, as the movement mainly staged by the general public is including teachers, students, doctors, nurses, IT professionals, farmers, lawyers, social activists, sportspersons, engineers, and a few police officers without any direct political affiliation. Most protesters were unaligned with any political party, and some expressed discontent with the political opposition.
Late May 2022 Sri Lankan protests: 23/25 May 2022: Sri Lankan government tabled the new 21st amendment to the constitution which revert most of the 20th amendment which the protestors demanded to be abolished due to giving almost unlimited powers to the president. The amendment also proposes to re-empower independent commissions and to add the National Audit Commission and the Procurement Commission as Independent Commissions. It will ban dual citizens from holding parliamentary sea thus ending Basil Rajapaksa's political career. On 25 May a protest demanding the arrest of Johnston Fernando took place outside the Criminal Investigation Department headquarters over May 09 ‘Black Monday’ attacks. Many of the protestors were victims of attacks by Rajapaksa loyalists and came to the protests still wearing bandages and casts.
14 July 2022 Sri Lanka’s president quits after fleeing protests, as protesters cheer, shout slogans in Colombo: 14 July 2022: President Rajapaksa's letter of resignation sent, as it is currently unclear if the letter will be accepted in email form - 14 July 2022: Gotabaya Rajapaksa has resigned as president of Sri Lanka a day after fleeing weeks of mass protests over the country’s economic crisis, as Rajapaksa’s office said his resignation letter had been received by the country’s parliamentary speaker, after it was flown from Singapore, to where the leader had fled via the Maldives. The speaker’s office said it would verify the authenticity of the letter, complete all legal processes and make an official announcement about Rajapaksa’s resignation on Friday. News of Rajapaksa’s resignation was greeted by cheers and the launching of firecrackers in the streets of Colombo. 'I can’t believe it, no more Gotabaya. This is a great day for the Sri Lankan people', said Rubika, who was among those dancing in the streets as the announcement broke, 'The Guardian' reports


Demographics and ethnic groups in Sri Lanka: Demographics of Sri Lanka - Ethnic groups in Sri Lanka
Culture and languages of Sri Lanka: Culture of Sri Lanka - Languages of Sri Lanka
Education in Sri Lanka: Education in Sri Lanka
Schools in Sri Lanka: Lists of schools in Sri Lanka
Universities in Sri Lanka: List of universities in Sri Lanka
Disease outbreaks in Sri Lanka: Disease outbreaks in Sri Lanka
2021 – February 2022 covid-19 pandemic in Sri Lanka: 2021 – February 2022 covid-19 pandemic in Sri Lanka
Healthcare in Sri Lanka: Healthcare in Sri Lanka
Hospitals in Sri Lanka: List of hospitals in Sri Lanka
Freedom of the press in Sri Lanka: Freedom of the press in Sri Lanka
Violence in Sri Lanka: Violence in Sri Lanka
Terrorism in Sri Lanka: Terrorism in Sri Lanka
21 April 2019 Sri Lanka bombings: 21 April 2019 Sri Lanka bombings, a series of explosions occurred at three churches of Catholic and Protestant denominations and hotels across Sri Lanka, later some smaller explosions occured at a housing complex and a motel, killing mainly police investigating the situation, at least 207 people, including over 30 foreign nationals, have been killed and more than 469 wounded in the bombings - 21 April 2019: Several arrested after 207 people killed at hotels and churches on Easter Sunday, 'The Guardian' reports - 22 April 2019: Sri Lanka minister says local Islamist terror group carried out Easter Sunday attacks, as all seven suicide bombers identified as citizens and members of National Thowfeek Jamaath, which has suspected foreign links, and as death toll rises to 290 with more than 500 wounded - 22 April 2019: Bomb explodes in a van near a Colombo church as bomb squad officials were trying to diffuse it, after Sri Lanka police find 87 bomb detonators at bus station just one day after suicide bombers attacked churches - 22 April 2019: Sri Lanka authorities were warned of attacks two weeks ago, says minister - 23 April 2019: 'Islamic State' terrorist group claims responsibility for Sri Lanka terror attacks, as experts say the suicide bombings of three churches and three luxury hotels bear the hallmarks of the group - 24 April 2019: Sri Lanka’s government on Wednesday acknowledged 'major' lapses over its failure to prevent the horrific Easter attacks that killed more than 350 people, despite prior intelligence warnings - 24 April 2019: One of the attackers who carried out the devastating suicide bombings in Sri Lanka on Easter Sunday had studied in the UK and Australia, according to defence minister Wijewardene, confirming that many of the bombers had international connections, having lived or studied abroad, also saying 'this group of suicide bombers, most of them are well-educated and come from middle or upper-middle class, so they are financially quite independent and their families are quite stable financially' - 27 April 2019: Fifteen people including six children have died during a Sri Lankan security forces operation in the aftermath of the Easter attacks, as three cornered suicide bombers blew themselves up and others were shot dead, police said
Corruption in Sri Lanka: Corruption in Sri Lanka
Human trafficking in Sri Lanka: Human trafficking in Sri Lanka
Judiciary of Sri Lanka: Judiciary of Sri Lanka
Law enforcement in Sri Lanka: Law enforcement in Sri Lanka


Foreign relations of Sri Lanka: Foreign relations of Sri Lanka
Treaties of Sri Lanka: Treaties of Sri Lanka
Bilateral relations of Sri Lanka: Bilateral relations of Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka/Australia relations: Sri Lanka/Australia relations
Sri Lanka/Philippines relations: Sri Lanka/Philippines relations
January 2013 Sri Lankan maid Rizana Nafeek beheaded in Saudi-Arabia: Rizana Nafeek - 9 January 2013: Sri Lankan maid Rizana Nafeek beheaded in Saudi Arabia
Sri Lanka/United Kingdom relations: Sri Lanka/United Kingdom relations
1796 British annexation of Colombo and 1815-1945 British colony 'British Ceylon': British annexation of Colombo 1796: British colony 'British Ceylon' between 1815 and 1948 - Great Rebellion of 1817–1818
Sri Lanka/USA relations: Sri Lanka/USA relations
Deforestation in Sri Lanka: Deforestation in Sri Lanka
Natural disasters in Sri Lanka: Natural disasters in Sri Lanka
Cyclones in Sri Lanka: Cyclone Mahasen May 2013


Taiwan - Geography of Taiwan - History of Taiwan - History of the Republic of China - Demographics of Taiwan
Maritime industries of Taiwan: Maritime industries of Taiwan
Mining in Taiwan: Mining in Taiwan
Automotive industry in Taiwan: Automotive industry in Taiwan
Electronics companies of Taiwan: Electronics companies of Taiwan
Hydroelectric power in Taiwan: Hydroelectric power stations in Taiwan
Textile industry in Taiwan: Textile industry in Taiwan
Fishing industry in Taiwan: Fishing industry in Taiwan
Rivers of Taiwan: Rivers of Taiwan
Transportation in Taiwan: Transportation in Taiwan
Water transportation in Taiwan: Water transportation in Taiwan
21 October 2018 2018 Yilan train derailment: 21 October 2018 2018 Yilan train derailment
Cycling in Taiwan: Cycling in Taiwan
Aviation in Taiwan: Aviation in Taiwan
List of airports in Taiwan: List of airports in Taiwan
Foreign banks in Taiwan: Foreign banks in Taiwan
Foreign trade of Taiwan: Foreign trade of Taiwan
Economic history of Taiwan: Economic history of Taiwan
Since 1945 modern economic history of Taiwan and economic cycles: Since 1945 modern economic history of Taiwan
Labor in Taiwan: Labor in Taiwan
Taxation in Taiwan: Taxation in Taiwan
Political parties in the Republic of China: Political parties in the Republic of China
Trade unions in Taiwan: Trade unions in Taiwan
Elections and politics in the Republic of China: Elections in the Republic of China
March 1996 Taiwan presidential election: 23 March 1996 Taiwan presidential election
March 2008 Taiwan presidential election: 22 March 2008 Taiwan presidential election
26 November 2022 Taiwanese local elections: 26 November 2022 Taiwanese local elections
26 November 2022 Taiwan president resigns as party head after Chen Shih-chung's local election losses: 26 November 2022: Taiwan president Tsai Ing-wen resigned as head of the ruling Democratic Progressive party DPP after it suffered local election losses, as voters in Taiwan overwhelmingly chose the opposition Nationalist party in several major races across the self-ruled island in an election in which lingering concerns about threats from China took a backseat to more local issues. Tsai spoke out many times about 'opposing China and defending Taiwan' while campaigning for DPP. But the party’s candidate Chen Shih-chung, who lost the vote for mayor of Taipei, only raised the issue of the Communist party’s threat a few times before he quickly switched back to local issues as there was little interest, experts said.
Social movements and protests in Taiwan: Social movements and protests in Taiwan
2006 'Million Voices Against Corruption': August-October 2006 'Million Voices Against Corruption'
2014 protest movement against political pressure from the PRC: March/April 2014 Sunflower Student Movement protest movement against political pressure from Beijing, beginning on 18 March 2014 in the Legislative Yuan of the Republic of China - 21 March 2014: Thousands of young Taiwanese mark the third day of their occupation of parliament to protest against a trade pact with China which they fear could further swell Beijing's economic influence - 30 March: More than 100,000 protesters rally in Taiwan against trade pact with China's Beijing regime - 27 April: Tens of thousands of protesters broke through a police cordon to block one of the busiest streets in Taipei as they called for a new nuclear power station to be scrapped - 29 September 2014: Taiwan students protest at trade office in support of Hong Kong democracy
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Taiwan: Taiwanese society - Human rights in Taiwan
Cities in Taiwan: List of cities in Taiwan
Demographics of Taipei: Demographics of Taipei
Economy of Taipei: Economy of Taipei
History and timeline of Taipei: History and timeline of Taipei
History of New Taipei City: History of New Taipei City
History and timeline of Taichung: History and timeline of Taichung
History of Kaohsiung: History of Kaohsiung
Women in Taiwan: Women in Taiwan
Education in Taiwan: Education in Taiwan
Schools in Taiwan: Schools in Taiwan
Universities and colleges in Taiwan: Universities and colleges in Taiwan
Health in Taiwan: Health in Taiwan
Disease outbreaks in Taiwan: Disease outbreaks in Taiwan
Healthcare in Taiwan: Healthcare in Taiwan
Crime in Taiwan: Crime in Taiwan
Human trafficking in Taiwan: Human trafficking in Taiwan
District Courts in Taiwan: District Courts in Taiwan
High Court in Taiwan: High Court in Taiwan
Supreme Court of the Republic of China: Since 1927 Supreme Court of the Republic of China
Law enforcement in Taiwan: Law enforcement in Taiwan
Foreign relations of Taiwan: Foreign relations of Taiwan
Treaties of Taiwan: Treaties of Taiwan
Taiwan's relations with international organizations: Taiwan's relations with international organizations
Bilateral relations of Taiwan: Bilateral relations of Taiwan
Taiwan/Australia relations: Taiwan/Australia relations
Taiwan/Bangladesh relations: Taiwan/Bangladesh relations
Taiwan/Belize relations: Taiwan/Belize relations
November 2019 Beijing regime arrests Belizean citizen over meddling in Hong Kong affairs: 30 November 2019: Chinese Beijing regime arrests Belizean citizen over meddling in Hong Kong affairs
Taiwan/Burkina Faso relations: Taiwan/Burkina Faso relations
Taiwan/Canada relations: Taiwan/Canada relations
Taiwan (Republic of China)/PR of China relations: Taiwan (Republic of China)/PR of China relations - Cross-Strait relations
2010 'Cross-Strait Service Trade Agreement': 'Cross-Strait Service Trade Agreement' signed on 29 June 2010
Taiwan/Czech Republic relations: Taiwan/Czech Republic relations
Taiwan/Guatemala relations: Taiwan/Guatemala relations
1/2 April 2023 Taiwan’s president seeks to strengthen relations with allies in Central America visit: 1 April 2023: Taiwan’s president Tsai Ing-we seeks to strengthen relations with allies in Central America visit, aimed to solidifying ties in Latin America as China funnels money into the region and pressures its countries to break off relations with the self-governed democratic island, as her visit comes just days after Honduras became the latest country to break with Taiwan in favor of establishing ties with Chinese Beijing regime - 2 April 2023: Taiwanese president and Guatemalan counterpart strengthen ties amid diplomatic pressure from China, as Tsai thanked Giammattei for his support last year when China conducted military maneuvers near the island, and as Tsai visited a new hospital in western Guatemala's city of Chimaltenango, built with a US$22 million donation, a part of Taiwan’s 'Taiwan Can Help' initiative
Taiwan/Hong Kong relations: Taiwan/Hong Kong relations
25 April 2020 abducted Hong Kong bookseller opens Taiwan shop: 25 April 2020: Abducted Hong Kong bookseller Lam Wing-kee opens Taiwan shop
25 June 2020 facing Beijing's threats Hong Kong protesters flee to Taiwan: 25 June 2020: Hong Kong protesters flee to Taiwan to continue China resistance
Taiwan/India relations: Taiwan/India relations
Since 2012 Taipei Economic and Cultural Center in Chennai: Since 2012 Taipei Economic and Cultural Center in Chennai
Republic of China/Indonesia relations: Taiwan/Indonesia relations - Indonesians in Taiwan
Republic of China/Japan relations: Republic of China/Japan relations
1894/1895 War and Japanese invasion of Taiwan: First Sino-Japanese War 1894-1895 - Japanese invasion of Taiwan 1895
Taiwan/South Korea relations: Taiwan/South Korea relations
Koreans in Taiwan and Korean Mission in Taipei: Koreans in Taiwan - Korean Mission in Taipei - Taipei Mission in Korea
Taiwan/Marshall Islands relations: Taiwan/Marshall Islands
Republic of China/Nicaragua relations: Republic of China/Nicaragua relations
Republic of China/Panama relations and 2003/2004 free trade agreement: Since 2003/2004 Panama-Taiwan Free Trade Agreement
Taiwan/Somaliland relations:
Taiwan/Ukraine relations: Taiwan/Ukraine relations
Taiwan/United Kingdom relations: Taiwan/United Kingdom relations
Since 1992 Taipei Representative Office in the UK: Taipei Representative Office in the UK since 1992 - British Office Taipei
Republic of China/Vietnam relations: Taiwan/Vietnam relations
Since 2016 Vietnam marine life disaster: 2016 Vietnam marine life disaster caused by Formosa Ha Tinh Steel - 21 April 2016: Vietnamese authorities are looking into whether pollution is to blame for a spate of mysterious mass fish deaths along the country’s central coast - 6 July 2016: Vietnam’s government has said toxic discharges from steel plant Ha Tinh Steel Corp, a subsidiary of Taiwan’s Formosa Plastics Group, were responsible for massive fish deaths that have decimated tourism and fishing in four provinces and highlighted the risks of rapid growth in foreign investment - 20 February 2017: Hundreds of peaceful marchers, including women and children, attacked by police while on the way to submit legal complaints against Formosa Plastics, amounting to millions of dollars in damages - 4 April 2017: After more than 40,000 jobs were directly affected since 2016 by the environmental disaster in four Vietnames provinces, dependent on fishing and tourism, and after months of rallies and an outpouring of anger not seen in four decades of Communist Party rule, Formosa agreed to pay $500 million in compensation - 14 August 2017: A year after Vietnam’s worst environmental disaster, lives remain ruined while the government cracks down on protesters seeking compensation
Taiwan subtropical evergreen forests: Taiwan subtropical evergreen forests
Water in Taiwan: Water in Taiwan
Environmental issues in Taiwan: Environmental issues in Taiwan
Air pollution in Taiwan: Air pollution in Taiwan
Waste management in Taiwan: Waste management in Taiwan
Natural disasters in Taiwan: Natural disasters in Taiwan
Typhoons in Taiwan: Category: Typhoons in Taiwan
September 2018 Typhoon Jebi: September 2018 Typhoon Jebi
September 2019 Typhoon Mitag: September 2019 Typhoon Mitag
Earthquakes in Taiwan: Category: Earthquakes in Taiwan


Tajikistan - Geography of Tajikistan - History of Central Asia - Demography of Central Asia - History of Tajikistan - Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic 1929-1991 - Civil war in Tajikistan 1992-1997 - Demographics of Tajikistan
Mining in Tajikistan: Mining in Tajikistan
Bodies of water of Tajikistan: Bodies of water of Tajikistan - Rivers of Tajikistan - Panj River - Vakhsh River - electricity, aluminum, and cotton production in Tajikistan and environmental problems
Tourism in Tajikistan: Tourism in Tajikistan
Military of Tajikistan: Military of Tajikistan
2016 Tajikistani constitutional referendum: 22 May 2016 Tajikistani constitutional referendum
October 2020 Tajik presidential election: 11 October 2020 Tajik presidential election
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Tajikistan: Tajikistani society
Cities in Tajikistan: List of cities in Tajikistan
Demographics of Tajikistan: Demographics of Tajikistan
Culture of Tajikistan: Culture of Tajikistan
Languages of Tajikistan: Languages of Tajikistan
Women in Tajikistan: Women in Tajikistan
Education and culture of Tajikistan: Education in Tajikistan
Schools in Tajikistan: Schools in Tajikistan
Health in Tajikistan: Health in Tajikistan
Crime in Tajikistan: Crime in Tajikistan
Corruption in Tajikistan: Corruption in Tajikistan
Human trafficking in Tajikistan: Human trafficking in Tajikistan
Domestic violence in Tajikistan: Domestic violence in Tajikistan
Law enforcement in Tajikistan: Law enforcement in Tajikistan
April 2021 Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan conflict: April 2021 Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan conflict
Since 14 September 2022 Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan clashes, timeline and escalation: 14 September 2022 - present Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan clashes, timeline and escalation
Tajikistan/Pakistan relations: Tajikistan/Pakistan relations
Tajikistan/USA relations: Tajikistan/United States relations
Natural disasters in Tajikistan: Natural disasters in Tajikistan
July 2011 Fergana Valley earthquake: July 2011 Fergana Valley earthquake
Landslides in Tajikistan: Landslides in Tajikistan


Thailand - Geography of Thailand - History of Thailand - Demographics of Thailand
Transport in Thailand: Transport in Thailand - Transport in Bangkok
Aviation in Thailand: Aviation in Thailand
Aviation accidents and incidents in Thailand: Aviation accidents and incidents in Thailand
Road transport in Thailand: Road transport in Thailand
Road incidents in Thailand: Road incidents in Thailand
Water transport in Thailand: Water transport in Thailand
Foreign trade of Thailand: Foreign trade of Thailand
Banks in Thailand: Banks in Thailand - Bank of Thailand
Stock Exchange of Thailand: Stock Exchange of Thailand
Economic history of Thailand and business cycles: Economic history of Thailand
1997 Asian financial crisis: 1997 Asian financial crisis and Thailand
2006 Thai coup d'état and economic consequences: Economic consequences of the 2006 Thai coup d'état
Military coups in Thailand: Military coups in Thailand
List of massacres in Thailand: List of massacres in Thailand
2010 Thai military crackdown: 2010 Thai military crackdown
Political parties in Thailand: Political parties in Thailand -
Trade unions in Thailand: Trade unions in Thailand
2013: October 2013 Thai amnesty bill - 12 November: Senators shoot down blanket amnesty bill - 28 November: PM Yingluck Shinawatra easily won a confidence vote with 297 lawmakers voting in her favour, as raucous protests continued in Bangkok - 2 December: PM Shinawatra says she will 'open every door' for negotiations to find a peaceful resolution to Thailand's political crisis, but the demand of an unelected 'people's council' is unacceptable under the constitution - 7 December: Ahead of fresh protest, PM Shinawatra says open to new elections - 9 December: PM Yingluck Shinawatra announces early elections in a bid to address the concerns of protesters according to the democratic system - 21 December: Thailand's main opposition Democrat Party to boycott February's general election - 25 December: Protest-hit Thailand prolongs security law - 26 December: Thai government rejects call to delay election after rioters killed policeman and wounded three others by gunshots
2014: 18 March 2014: Thai government is to lift a state of emergency in Bangkok and surrounding provinces because anti-government protesters have become less active, security official says - 21 March: Judges declare general election unconstitutional after protesters disrupted voting - Thai Senate election 29 March 2014 - 30 April 2014: Thailand to hold fresh election on 20 July 2014 - 3 May 2014: Opposition leader says his party will not contest July's polls, the government should step down and be replaced with an interim cabinet - 6 May: PM Yingluck Shinawatra at the Constitutional Courton to defend herself against charges of abuse of power - 7 May: Constitutional court finds PM guilty of abuse of power over transfer of senior civil servant to another position in 2011 - 12 May: Thai anti-elections protest leader to set up office in empty Government House - 15 May: Call to postpone elections as unrest continues in wake of PM's dismissal by constitutional court - 16 May: Thai anti-elections protesters suffered a setback as the upper house of parliament shunned their call to pick an unelected premier - 20 May 2014: Thailand's army censors media as martial law declared, caretaker government still in office - 22 May 2014: Thai army chief to press political rivals on compromise
22 May 2014 Thai coup d'état: 22 May 2014 Thai coup d'état - 22 May 2014: Despite promises Thailand's military seized power on Thursday in a coup, dissolving the government, suspending the constitution and dispersing groups of protesters - 24 May: Former PM Yingluck Shinawatra held by Thailand's army following its seizure of power, as opposition to the coup grew and army continues crackdown - 25 May: Thailand coup gets King Adulyadej approval as junta tightens its grip on country, dissolving senate and detaining more activists and academics amid protests - 26 May: Thailand's king has formally appointed the army chief as head of the new military junta, threatening to use a martial court to prosecute offenders - 26 May: 'Do not criticize' and protesting is futile, says Thai coup leader - 27 May: Former education minister Chaturon Chaisang detained by soldiers after he urged a return to civilian rule and called for elections - 28 May: Thai military rulers appoint as advisers two retired generals with palace connections, as data show factory output fell 3.9% in April, the 13th monthly drop in a row, and exports fell 0.9% - 31 May/1 June: After coup leader said there would be no elections in Thailand for more than a year, junta deploys thousands of troops against protesters, closing shopping malls and train stations in Bangkok - 5 June: Thailand's military is conducting a systematic reshuffle to blunt the power of officials seen as loyal to Shinawatra governments - 6 June: Junta detains anti-coup leader - 6 June: Thai political activists aligned to the ousted government are setting up a movement to lead a campaign of resistance
March 2019 Thai general election: 24 March 2019 Thai general election, date set by the Election Commission on Wednesday 23 January 2019, and voting will take place under a military-backed charter - 24 March 2019: With 89% of votes counted, the military-backed Palang Pracharat party has taken the lead with 7 million votes in Thailand's first election since 2014 military coup, Pheu Thai, which was the governing party ousted by the coup, was next with 6.6 million votes, and new party, Future Forward, which became popular with young voters, had scooped up nearly 4.8 million votes - 24 March 2019: Thailand's first election in eight years ended in a neck and neck race between the pro-military party and the opposition pro-democracy party - 26 March 2019: International independent observers have declared that the process of counting the votes in Thailand’s election lacked transparency and was 'deeply flawed', as Asian Network for Free Elections says international standards were not met in recent vote
7 August 2021 Thai police fire tear gas at protest over covid-19 response: 7 August 2021: Thai police fire tear gas at protest over covid-19 response
2008-2010 Thailand political crisis: 2008-2010 Thailand political crisis
November/December 2013 Thai political protests: Thai political protests and riots November/December 2013 - 24 November 2013: Thai capital tense as political rivals rally - 26 November 2013: Thai political protests paralyse several more ministries - 29 novembre: Les manifestants entrent de force au siège de l'armée - 30 November: Rioters besiege telecoms offices in Thailand's capital, wanting an unelected 'people's council' - 1 décembre: Avec les premières violences de rue meurtrières les 'chemises jaunes' tentent d'investir le siège du gouvernement - 2 décembre: Nouveaux heurts à Bangkok, les négociations dans l'impasse - 3 December: As rioters threaten to escalate the violence, Thai PM Shinawatra takes steps to calm the situation and to promote dialogue, getting EU and USA support - 3. Dezember: Bangkoker Polizei öffnet Absperrungen - 4 décembre: Trêve précaire à Bangkok à la veille de l'anniversaire du roi - 4 December: Thai protesters end rally at police headquarters - 5 décembre: Bhumibol Adulyadej a appelé jeudi les Thaïlandais à travailler ensemble pour la 'stabilité' du pays - 6 décembre: Les manifestants qui veulent faire tomber le gouvernement se préparaient vendredi à reprendre leur lutte dans une capitale secouée par des violences meurtrières - 10 décembre: La Première ministre Yingluck Shinawatra refuse de céder aux manifestants - 11 December: Thai government supporters threw their backing behind upcoming elections in the protest-hit nation, warning that proposals from opposition rallies aimed at suspending the country's democracy risked 'absolute dictatorship' - 23 décembre: Les opposants perturbent les dépôts de candidatures - 23 December: Stadium blockade fails to thwart Thai poll registration - 28 December: One protester killed in new political violence
2014 protests: 4 January: Thais take part in an anti-violence demonstration in Bangkok on January 3 - 10 January: A clash between pro- and anti-government groups in Thailand has left six people injured - 13 January: The 'Bangkok shutdown' led by anti-government protestors affects more than two million people in the Thailand capital - 19 January: Thailand's military chief urges both sides in the country's prolonged political crisis to settle their differences - 22 January: Bangkok under state of emergency to prevent an escalation of violence - 22 January: Thailand's pro-government 'red-shirt' group's Kwanchai Praipana, a local radio presenter, has been shot and wounded while outside his house by unidentified people firing from a pick-up truck, as the 60-day state of emergency came into effect in Bangkok - 26 January: 'Protesters' disrupt advance voting for February 2 election - 3 February: Defiant anti-election 'protesters' disregard Thai poll, that was peaceful apart from a few scuffles - 7 February: Thai political crisis threatens budget, rice scheme, public works - 14 February: Thai police reclaims key protest site in Bangkok without clashes - 18 February: Clashes in Bangkok left three people dead, including a police officer, and 57 others injured as anti-election protesters reportedly launched grenades at the police - 24 February: Thai PM leaves Bangkok as new protests follow gunfire and bomb blasts, including one on Sunday which killed a woman, a young brother and sister - 28 February: Vague proposal of talks from Suthep Thaugsuban but riots and threats continue - 28 February: Following a sharp drop in attendance anti-election protesters say they would abandon most of their rally sites in Bangkok - 4/5 April: Ruling out violence Thai PM's supporters head for Bangkok rally, gathering at the edge of the city - 10 May: Government's supporters gathered on the outskirts of Bangkok saying they were determined to safeguard democracy and avert a coup - 1 June 2014: Thai protesters against last month's military coup reemerge despite junta's ban
April/May 2018 protest titled 'No-confidence Market': 6 May 2018: In a protest titled 'No-confidence Market: Stop the NCPO Regime, Stop Delaying the Election' demonstrators insisted the general election must be held by November this year as earlier announced - 6 May 2018: Environmental activists in the northern Thai city of Chiang Mai claimed victory on Sunday after the country’s military government agreed not to continue the development of luxury property on forest land, following a demonstration last week that was one of the largest since Thailand’s junta took power in the 2014 coup and also one of a growing number of anti-government protests, including in Bangkok, that are putting pressure on the regime before a general election planned for early 2019 - 19 May 2018: Hundreds of people gathered in Bangkok to mark the anniversary of a deadly army crackdown on an anti-government protest in 2010 that killed 91 people and injured hundreds, as pressure builds on the ruling junta to hold a general election
17 October more pro-democracy protests in Bangkok and Thailand: 17 octobre 2020: Plusieurs milliers de manifestants pro-démocratie bravaient samedi pour la troisième journée consécutive l’interdiction de rassemblement à Bangkok, après à vendredi la police avait utilisé pour la première fois des canons à eau pour disperser les contestataires - 17 October 2020: Tens of thousands of people have taken to the streets in a wave of protests across Bangkok and in at least six more Thai cities where police did not intervene, in defiance of a regime crackdown following three months of demonstrations aimed at the PM and monarchy, as human rights groups have condemned dozens of arrests and the use of force against peaceful protests, and as Asia director at Human Rights Watch Brad Adams said 'concerned governments and the UN should speak out publicly to demand an immediate end to political repression by the Prayuth administration'
22 October 2020 protesters give Thailand's PM three days to resign or face more demonstrations: 22 October 2020: Thailand's PM lifts state of emergency, but protesters give him three days to resign or face more demonstrations
25 October 2020 fighting tyranny with milk tea young rebels joining forces in Asia: 25 October 2020: The language, the demands and the backdrop were different, but the protests across central Bangkok last week would have looked familiar to anyone who followed the mass demonstrations that roiled Hong Kong for a year from June 2019, as many young protesters dressed in black and wearing hard hats poured through the streets to locations announced at the last minute on social media, and as in recent months an unexpected solidarity has developed between young protesters and activists across Thailand, Taiwan and Hong Kong, at first online but increasingly now in protests on the streets, in law courts and in the corridors of power, against governments with a ruthless track record of crushing dissent
25 November 2020 7 Thai activists face charges of insulting king on eve of mass protest: 25 November 2020: Seven Thai activists face charges of insulting king on eve of mass protest
7 August 2021 Thai police fire tear gas at protest over covid-19 response: 7 August 2021: Thai police fire tear gas at protest over covid-19 response
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Thailand: Thai society
Human rights and political repression in Thailand: Human rights in Thailand - Political repression in Thailand
Lèse majesté in Thailand, monarchy and royal wealth in the 21st century: Lèse majesté in Thailand - Monarchy of Thailand in the 21st century
2015 sentences: 23 February 2015: Two Thai activists sentenced to two and half years in jail for 'insulting' royal family in university play as the junta intensifies its crackdown on slurs against the royals under controversial lese majeste law - 9 November 2015: A Thai fortune teller held under the country’s strict lese-majesty laws has died in military custody, the second time within weeks that a high-profile figure detained in a largely secret investigation has been found dead - 11 December 2015: Thai Thanakorn Siripaiboon faces up to 32 years’ prison for 'liking' a doctored photo of the king and sharing an infographic on Facebook about a growing corruption scandal - 15 December: Using the law for the royal dog, Thai Thanakorn Siripaiboon faces jail for insulting king's dog with 'sarcastic' internet post - 16 décembre 2015: Une Thaïlandaise condamnée à neuf ans de prison pour lèse-majesté par un tribunal militaire
2017 arrests, icluding children: 24 May 2017: A 14-year-old boy detained in a Thai army prison under the draconian and increasingly wielded royal defamation law, Human Rights Watch says, as it decries the secrecy surrounding the latest series of arrests and as more than 100 people have been charged with lese majeste since the army coup three years ago - 9 June 2017: As reporters were barred from entering the court, Bangkok military court convicts 34-year-old Wichai jailing him for 35 years for Facebook posts deemed insulting to the royal family, and later on Friday a criminal court sentenced another lese-majesty suspect to two and a half years in jail for uploading an audio clip, after United Nations' rights body has warned in 2016 that Thailand's widespread use of the 'Lèse majesté' law may constitute crimes against humanity
Municipalities in Thailand: List of municipalities in Thailand
Economy, education and health in Bangkok: Economy of Bangkok - Education in Bangkok - Health in Bangkok
Government and elections in Bangkok: Government and elections in Bangkok
History and timeline of Bangkok: History and timeline of Bangkok
Northern Thailand: Northern Thailand region (Lanna), geographically characterised by several mountain ranges, which continue from the Shan Hills in bordering Myanmar to Laos, and the river valleys which cut through them. Though like most of Thailand, it has a tropical savanna climate, bound by the Salween River in the west and the Mekong in the east. The basins of rivers Ping, Wang, Yom, and Nan, all tributaries of the Chao Phraya River, in the central part run from north to south and are mostly very wide. The basins cut across the mountains of two great ranges, the Thanon Range in the western part and the Phi Pan Nam in the eastern. Their elevations are generally moderate, a little above 2,000 metres for the highest summits. Although formerly forested, many of these mountains are now denuded.
History of Isan: History of Isan, as the region has been dominated by each of its neighbors in turn, although its relative infertility meant it was more often a battleground than a prize. Rather than being incorporated into the respective empires of each power, the area was divided into mueang (city-states), each paying tribute to one or more powers under the mandala system. Throughout the 20th century, the Thai government took steps to cement Isan's status as a part of Thailand and to de-emphasize the Lao, Khmer and Kuy origins of its population, a process known as Thaification. The majority of people in present-day Isan speak the Lao language known as Isan. Many Khmer speakers live in the southern half and substantial minorities of Katuic speakers. Most Isan people are both conversant and to some degree literate in Central Thai. Before the central government introduced the Thai alphabet and language in regional schools, the people of Isan wrote in the Lao alphabet, a very similar script that Thai adopted. Most people still speak the Isan language, a dialect of the Lao language, as their first language.
20th/21st centuries history of Udon Thani: History of Udon Thani, as since the 20th century the city's economy was boosted by the proximity to Udorn Royal Thai Air Force Base during USA's Vietnam War until 1975. In the 21st century, the British 'BBC' has reported that the air force base was the site of a CIA black site, known to insiders as 'Detention Site Green', used to interrogate Abu Zubaydah, Saudi-born Palestinian, believed to be one of Osama Bin Laden's top lieutenants. In December 2014 the United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence SSCI published an executive summary of a secret 6,000-page report on CIA techniques. The report alleges that at least eight Thai senior officials knew of the secret site. The site was closed in December 2002. Earlier reports alleged that a Voice of America relay station in a rural area of Udon Thani Province, Ban Dung District, was the CIA black site.
6 October 2022 Nong Bua Lamphu daycare shooting, the deadliest mass shooting in Thailand: On 6 October 2022 Panya Khamrab, a former police sergeant and a drug addict, killed at least thirty-eight people in a mass shooting in Thailand's Nong Bua Lamphu province. The attack mainly occurred in a children's nursery located in the Uthai Sawan sub-district of Na Klang district. It is the deadliest mass shooting in Thailand, surpassing the Nakhon Ratchasima shootings in 2020, as at least 38 people were killed, including at least 24 children,] with the youngest victim being two years old. An additional 12 people were injured. There were 30 children in the nursery at the time of the attack. Nineteen boys and three girls were discovered in the nursery while the bodies of a child and adult were found at a nearby government building. - 6 October 2022: Dozens killed in an attack at a childcare centre in north-eastern Thailand, as more than 20 children are among the dead, with victims as young as two years old, the British 'BBC* reports with live updates
Demographics and ethnic groups in Thailand: Demographics of Thailand - Ethnic groups in Thailand
Languages and culture in Thailand: Culture of Thailand - Languages of Thailand
Women labor force participation and gender inequality in Thailand: Women labor force participation in Thailand - Gender inequality in Thailand
Sex trafficking of women and children in Thailand: Sex trafficking of women and children in Thailand
Children and childhood in Thailand: Childhood in Thailand
Education in Thailand: Education in Thailand
Schools in Thailand: Schools in Thailand
Universities in Thailand: Universities in Thailand
24 August 2020 'We want a true democracy', students say leading Thailand's protest movement: 24 August 2020: 'We want a true democracy', students say leading Thailand's protest movement
Health in Thailand: Health in Thailand
Disease outbreaks in Thailand: Disease outbreaks in Thailand
Since January 2020 covid-19 pandemic in Thailand: Since January 2020 covid-19 pandemic in Thailand
Media and censorship in Thailand: Media of Thailand - Censorship in Thailand
Newspapers in Thailand: Newspapers in Thailand
Broadcasting in Thailand: Thai radio - Television in Thailand
Internet in Thailand: Internet in Thailand
Internet censorship in Thailand: Internet censorship in Thailand
Crime in Thailand: Crime in Thailand
Corruption in Thailand: Corruption in Thailand
October 2013 tackling corruption in Thailand: 17 October 2013: Tackling corruption in Thailand
Political repression and torture in Thailand: Political repression in Thailand
6 October 2022 Nong Bua Lamphu daycare shooting, the deadliest mass shooting in Thailand: On 6 October 2022 Panya Khamrab, a former police sergeant and a drug addict, killed at least thirty-eight people in a mass shooting in Thailand's Nong Bua Lamphu province. The attack mainly occurred in a children's nursery located in the Uthai Sawan sub-district of Na Klang district. It is the deadliest mass shooting in Thailand, surpassing the Nakhon Ratchasima shootings in 2020, as at least 38 people were killed, including at least 24 children,] with the youngest victim being two years old. An additional 12 people were injured. There were 30 children in the nursery at the time of the attack. Nineteen boys and three girls were discovered in the nursery while the bodies of a child and adult were found at a nearby government building. - 6 October 2022: Dozens killed in an attack at a childcare centre in north-eastern Thailand, as more than 20 children are among the dead, with victims as young as two years old, the British 'BBC* reports with live updates
Terrorism in Thailand: Terrorism in Thailand
Terrorism and unrest in southern Thailand: Unrest in southern Thailand
2012-2014: 22 September 2012: At least six killed in blast that set fire to shops and commercial buildings in restive Pattani province - 9 October: Eleven people dead in Thai militant attacks - 10 February 2013: At least five soldiers killed and another five wounded in two roadside bombings in Raman district - 13 February 2013: Scores of heavily armed gunmen stormed a military base in unrest-plagued southern Thailand, in a major assault that left at least 16 attackers dead - 28 February: Thailand's government has agreed to start talks with a major Muslim rebel group - 1 mars: Six personnes ont été blessées par un attentat dans la ville de Narathiwat, au lendemain de l'annonce de pourparlers de paix - 28 March: Deadly bomb explosion and a shooting incident as Thai government begins talks with separatists in neighbouring Malaysia - 11 December: Four Thai soldiers were killed and at least a dozen more wounded, when a powerful roadside bomb went off in the Kha Pho district of Pattani province - 4 February 2014: Three boys and their parents, returning from a local mosque, were killed and injured in an attack in the Bacho district of Narathiwat province - 25 May 2014: A series of coordinated bomb attacks in Pattani province hit convenience stores, gas stations and other locations, killing two people and wounding dozens
Human trafficking in Thailand: Human trafficking in Thailand - Chao pho
Modern slavery in Thailand: Global slavery index 2013: Slavery in Thailand - Thailand with highest estimated prevalence of modern slavery in the South-East Asia area - 24 February 2014: Employment practices and working conditions in Thailand’s fishing sector, ILO report - 10 June 2014: Thai 'ghost ships' that enslave, brutalise and even kill workers are linked to global shrimp supply chain producing prawns for supermarkets in US, UK, Europe, including Walmart, Carrefour, Costco, Tesco, Aldi, Morrisons, the Co-operative and Iceland - 11 June: Slavery in the Thai fishing industry - 20 July 2015: Rohingya migrants trafficked through deadly jungle camps have been sold to Thai fishing vessels as slaves to produce seafood sold across the world, the British 'Guardian' has established - 20 July: 16-years-old Hussein twice lived through the horror of Thai trafficking camps, sold by brokers to boats and working in terrible conditions at sea for four years without setting foot on land, in the service of the country’s multibillion-dollar seafood industry
Man-made disasters in Thailand: Man-made disasters in Thailand
Transport disasters in Thailand: Transport disasters in Thailand
Judiciary of Thailand: Judiciary of Thailand
Law enforcement in Thailand: Law enforcement in Thailand
Foreign relations of Thailand: Foreign relations of Thailand
Treaties of Thailand: Treaties of Thailand
Since 1995 Southeast Asian Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty: Southeast Asian Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty since 1995
International reactions to the 2014 Thai coup d'état: International reactions to the May 2014 Thai coup d'état
Bilateral relations of Thailand: Bilateral relations of Thailand
9 June 2021 Thai border network helps people flee Myanmar military crackdown: 9 June 2021: Thai border network helps people flee Myanmar military crackdown
Thailand/Cambodia relations: Thailand/Cambodia relations
Thailand/PR of China relations: Thailand/PR of China relations
Franco-Thai War 1940-1941 between Thailand (Siam) and Vichy France: Franco-Thai War 1940-1941 between Thailand (Siam) and Vichy France
Thailand/Germany relations: Thailand/Germany relations
1939-1945 Axis powers World War II and Thailand's military alliance: 1939-1945 Axis powers World War II and Thailand's military alliance with Japan 1941–1945
Thailand/Indonesia relations: Thailand/Indonesia relations
Thailand/Israel relations: Thailand/Israel relations
Free Thai Movement 1940-1945: Free Thai Movement 1940-1945
Thailand/Laos relations: Thailand/Laos relations
Thailand/Saudi Arabia relations: Thailand/Saudi Arabia relations
January 2019: January 2019: Rahaf Mohammed al-Qunun, currently being detained in Bangkok by Thai authorities for the alleged 'crime' of renouncing Islam, may face possible execution in Saudi Arabia, according to Human Rights Watch Asia deputy director Phil Robertson - 7 January 2019: 18-year-old Saudi woman Rahaf Mohammed al-Qunun, who barricaded herself inside a transit zone hotel room in Bangkok airport to prevent immigration officials putting her on a flight to Kuwait, and now detained in Thailand after fleeing her family in Saudi Arabia and renouncing Islam, will not be sent back to the Middle East against her wishes, Thai officials have said - 8 January 2019: Rahaf Mohammed al-Qunun is now under UN protection in Thailand, as Nourah Alharbi told the Guardian that 'the people, the media' probably saved Rahaf’s life yesterday
Thailand/Vietnam relations: Thailand/Vietnam relations
Landforms and ecoregions of Thailand: Landforms of Thailand - List of ecoregions in Thailand
List of species native to Thailand: List of species native to Thailand
Air pollution in Thailand: Air pollution in Thailand
Waste management in Thailand: Waste management in Thailand
Natural disasters in Thailand: Natural disasters in Thailand
Tropical storms and floods in Thailand: Typhoons in Thailand - Floods in Thailand
Earthquakes in Thailand: Earthquakes in Thailand


Timor-Leste (East Timor) - Geography of East Timor - History of East Timor (Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste) - Demographics of East Timor
Tourism in East Timor: Tourism in East Timor
Poverty in East Timor: Poverty in East Timor
Political parties in East Timor: List of political parties in East Timor
Elections and politics in East Timor: Elections in East Timor
August 1999 East Timorese independence referendum: 30 August 1999 East Timorese independence referendum
2006 East Timorese crisis: 2006 East Timorese crisis
12 May 2018 East Timorese parliamentary election: 12 May 2018 East Timorese parliamentary election
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in East Timor: East Timorese society - Human Rights in East Timor
Demographics of East Timor: Demographics of East Timor
Languages and culture of East Timor: Culture of East Timor - Languages of East Timor
Women in East Timor: Women in East Timor
Education in East Timor: Education in East Timor
Health in East Timor: Health in East Timor
Media in East Timor: Media in East Timor
Internet in East Timor: Internet in East Timor
Foreign relations of East Timor: Foreign relations of East Timor
East Timor/Australia relations: East Timor/Australia relations
East Timor/Indonesia relations:
East Timor/Malaysia relations: East Timor/Malaysia relations
East Timor/Portugal relations: East Timor/Portugal relations
Natural disasters in East Timor: Natural disasters in East Timor
Tropical cyclones in East Timor: Tropical cyclones in East Timor


Turkey Türkei - Geography of Turkey - History of Turkey - Demographics of Turkey
Coal mining disasters in Turkey: Coal mining disasters in Turkey
Electric power in Turkey: Electric power in Turkey
Road transport in Turkey: Road transport in Turkey
Road incidents in Turkey: Road incidents in Turkey
Railway accidents and incidents in Turkey: Railway accidents and incidents in Turkey
Water transport in Turkey: Water transport in Turkey
Economic history of Turkey and economic cycles: Economic history of Turkey
2001 Turkish economic crisis: 2001 Turkish economic crisis
Since 2008 Global recession: Global recession since 2008
Since March 2020 socio-economic impact of coronavirus pandemic in Turkey: Since March 2020 socio-economic impact of the Chinese coronavirus pandemic in Turkey
Unemployment in Turkey: Unemployment in Turkey
Poverty in Turkey: Poverty in Turkey
Turkish military: Turkish Armed Forces
Military history of Turkey: Military history of Turkey
World War I crimes by the Ottoman Empire: World War I crimes by the Ottoman Empire
1914-1923 Armenian Genocide: 1914-1923 Armenian Genocide
1914-1924 Assyrian genocide: 1914-1924 Assyrian genocide
1913-1922 Greek genocide: 1913-1922 Greek genocide
Labour Battalions of the Ottoman Empire: Labour Battalions of the Ottoman Empire
1939-1945 Turkey during World War II: 1939-1945 Turkey during World War II
Human rights of Kurdish people and suppression in Turkey: Human rights of Kurdish people and suppression in Turkey - Persecution of Kurds in Turkey
1937-1938 Dersim rebellion and Turkish military operations: 1937-1938 Dersim rebellion and Turkish military operations
Since 1978 Kurdish–Turkish conflict and 1978–present timeline: Since 1978 Kurdish–Turkish conflict - 1978–present timeline of the Kurdish–Turkish conflict
Since 1984 Kurdish villages depopulated by Turkey: Since 1984 Kurdish villages depopulated by Turkey
Since 2015 Kurdish–Turkish conflict: Since 2015 Kurdish–Turkish conflict
Since 1960 list of Turkish coups d'état and attempts: Since 1960 list of Turkish coups d'état and attempts
Military budget of Turkey: Military budget of Turkey
Since 1359 history of taxation and fiscal organization in Turkey: Since 1359 history of taxation and fiscal organization in the Ottoman Empire and Turkey
Jizya per capita tax in the Ottoman Empire: Jizya per capita yearly tax in the Ottoman Empire levied on non-Muslim subjects, called the dhimma, permanently residing in Muslim lands governed by Islamic law - 'Devshirme' (tax of sons) practice
Since 2005 Turkish Revenue Administration: Since 2005 Turkish Revenue Administration
Grand National Assembly of Turkey: Grand National Assembly of Turkey
Political parties, political party alliances, trade unions and human rights organizations in Turkey: Political parties in Turkey - Political party alliances in Turkey - Trade unions in Turkey - Human rights organizations based in Turkey
September 2010 Turkish constitutional referendum: 12 September 2010 Turkish constitutional referendum
January-September 2012: 6 January 2012: Ex-army head Ilker Basbug has been remanded in custody in a widening probe into the so-called Ergenekon network - 26. März 2012: Türkischer Ex-Armeechef Basburg wegen Putsch-Vorwürfen vor Gericht - 4 April 2012: General Kenan Evren to face court in landmark case for his role in 1980 coup that shaped the country for decades - 8. Mai 2012: Wieder mehrere Offiziere festgenommen im Zusammenhang mit der Vertreibung des früheren Ministerpräsidenten Erbakan aus dem Amt 1997 - 10. Mai 2012: Die türkische Justiz hat am Mittwoch Untersuchungshaft gegen sechs aktive Generäle und fünf pensionierte Generäle verhängt - 4 August: Turkey retires 40 'coup plot' generals - 21 September: Turkish court sentences three former generals to life in prison in the trial of hundreds of military officers accused of plotting
2013/2014 corruption scandal in Turkey: 2013/2014 corruption scandal in Turkey - 26 décembre: Remaniement ministériel majeur en Turquie sur fond de scandale financier - 27 December: Three lawmakers quit Turkish ruling party AKP over corruption scandal - 8 janvier 2014: Le gouvernement turc a continué les purges au sein de la police nationale sur fond de scandale de corruption, limogeant les préfets de police de 16 provinces
1 November 2015 Turkish general election: 1 November 2015 Turkish general election
April 2017 Turkish constitutional referendum: 16 April 2017 Turkish constitutional referendum - 16/17 April 2017: Turkey’s Erdogan hails 'historic' referendum win as opposition claims fraud, preparing to contest the reported results of 51.41% and 48.59% - 17 avril 2017: Alors que la diaspora turque dans son ensemble s'est prononcée en faveur du texte renforçant les pouvoirs du chef de l'Etat turc, en France avec 64,86%, en Allemagne avec 63,07%, où la diaspora turque est très importante, la tendance est inversée en Suisse - 17 April 2017: The Turkish referendum on presidential powers took place on an 'unlevel playing field' and in a political environment where fundamental freedoms were curtailed, including restrictions on media outlets and arrests of journalists, European observers say - 19 April 2017: Turkey’s high election board rejects appeals from the main opposition parties against referendum result citing the controversial last-minute decision by the same board to allow the counting of possibly hundreds of thousands of unstamped ballots that 'contradicted the law'
February 2018: 1 février 2018: Un tribunal d'Istanbul fait marche arrière et décide de ne pas remettre en liberté conditionnelle le président d'Amnesty international en Turquie, jugé pour appartenance à une 'organisation terroriste' et détenu depuis juin 2017 - 11 février 2018: Le principal parti prokurde de Turquie HDP élit de nouveaux chefs ce dimanche, dont un remplacera Demirtas qui est toujours en prison, au moment où le Parti démocratique des peuples HDP est le seul parti élu au parlement à s'opposer à l'offensive militaire menée par le régime d'Erdogan dans l'enclave syrienne d'Afrine - 11 February 2018: 3rd 'Peoples' Democratic Party' Ordinary Congress elected chairwoman Pervin Buldan and chairman Sezai Temelli - 12 février 2018: Erdogan régime reproche aux deux responsables du HDP des déclarations faites sur l'offensive lancée à Afrine en Syrie - 12 February 2018: Number of arrested protesters over Erdogan's illegal Afrin assault reaches 666 in Turkey
2023 opinion polling for the 2023 Turkish parliamentary and presidential elections: Opinion polling for the 2023 Turkish parliamentary election - Opinion polling for the 2023 Turkish presidential election
28 May 2023 Erdogan holds a slim lead over opponent Kemal Kilicdaroglu with 90% of ballots counted, according to France24's live blog: 28 May 2023: Erdogan holds a slim lead over opponent Kemal Kilicdaroglu with 90% of ballots counted, according to France24's live blog reporting the latest developments
Social movements, protests and repression in Turkey: Protests in Turkey
2013 protests in Turkey: 2013 protests in Turkey
May/June 2013 Gezi Park protests in Turkey: May 2013 Gezi Park protests in Turkey - 31 May: Turkish police break up Istanbul park protest over plans for a construction project - 1 June: Anti-government demonstrators took to the streets in cities across Turkey after the sit-in at Gezi park turned violent, with police using tear gas and water cannon to break up protesters - 31 May: Turkish police retreat from Istanbul square allowing in tens of thousands of protesters in an apparent move to end tensions - 2 June: Hundreds arrested in anti-government protests in 48 cities, despite calls for calm from PM Erdogan - 2 June: Thousands of protesters were celebrating victory early Sunday after police withdrew from Istanbul’s Taksim Square and PM Erdogan conceded in a speech 'that there have been some mistakes, extremism in police response' - 3 juin: À Istanbul et Ankara, les manifestants continuent à défier le gouvernement - 4 June: 22-year-old Abdullah Comert died in a hospital in the Hatay province after being shot during anti-government protests, as Turkey's Confederation of Public Workers' Unions staged a strike in support of demonstrators - 5 juin: La tension reste vive au sixième jour des manifestations - 5 June: Turkey rocked by new violence despite apology - 7 June: Turkish PM toughens stance against protests - 8 June: Thousands of Turks defy Prime Minister's call for end to protest - 9 June: A Sunday of rallies in Istanbul as Taksim protest continues - 11 June: Turkish Prime Minister Recep Erdogan to meet Turkey protest leaders, Bulent Arinc says - 11 June: Turkey's riot police enter Istanbul's Taksim Square sending demonstrators scrambling with tear gas and water cannon after Turkish PM Erdogan said he would meet with protest leaders - 12 June: As PM Erdogan vowed zero tolerance for the mass demos, an uneasy calm returned to Istanbul's protest square early Wednesday after running clashes between riot police and protesters - 12 June: Istanbul’s Gezi Park turned into an entrenched camp in the early hours of Wednesday morning, as clashes continued to erupt in adjacent Taksim Square - 12 juin: Erdogan prêt à organiser un référendum sur l'aménagement du parc Gezi - 13 June: Turkish protesters chanted and sang in Taksim Square despite government's call to end agitation - 13 June: PM Erdogan begins emergency talks with protest leaders - 14 June: PM Erdogan told protesters on Friday he would put redevelopment plans for an Istanbul park on hold until a court rules on them - 16 June: Turkish police using teargas and water cannons clear Istanbul park after PM's warning - 16 June: Turkish government supporters were expected in Istanbul Sunday - 17 June: Unions call a one-day nationwide strike to protest against the police crackdown on anti-government demonstrations - 17 June: Turkey's Deputy PM Arinc warns it may deploy army as protests rage - 23 June: Police used water cannon to disperse thousands gathered in Istanbul's Taksim Square on Saturday to observe a memorial for four people killed during recent anti-government protests - 26 juin: Depuis leur brutale expulsion par la police du parc Gezi les acteurs de la contestation antigouvernementale ne baissent pas les bras - 30 June: Thousands protest harsh police treatment of anti-government demonstrators, calling on the government to tone down its rhetoric
September 2013: 10 septembre 2013: Un manifestant âgé de 22 ans a été tué à Antakya à la mémoire de l'une des victimes de la fronde antigouvernementale de juin dernier lors d'affrontements avec la police
February 2014: 9 February 2014: Police in Turkey disperse protest against internet curbs that have sparked alarm at home and abroad
May 2014: 1 May 2014: Riot police uses tear gas and water cannon on 1 May to prevent demonstrators defying a ban on protests on Istanbul's central Taksim Square - 14 May: A violent protest, expressing anger at PM Erdogan's government, erupted in the Turkish city of Soma, where at least 238 miners have died after coal mine explosion in a country plagued by poor safety conditions - 14 May: Thousands of protesters clashed with police in Ankara and Istanbul, accusing the government and mining industry of negligence after deadly Soma coal mine disaster on 13/14 May - 15 May: The Confederation of Turkish Trade Unions is backing a one day strike in protest at mine safety after Soma mine disaster - 15 May: Turkey outraged as PM Erdogan's aide kicks protester held on the ground by special forces police in Soma - 15 May: Miners and mourners scorn government that 'laughs at our pain' - 16 May: Teargas, plastic bullets and water cannons used on protesters at scene of worst industrial accident amid anger at PM's offhand remarks towards victims - 17 May: Miner Erdal Bicak who survived Soma disaster says company to blame - 20 May: The main labour union in Soma called on thousands of workers to down tools at mines run by the same operator until the sites have been properly inspected - 23 May: After clashes between police and protesters left two dead, including a 15-year-old boy, Erdogan expresses little remorse for the violence - 31 May: Protesters in Istanbul, Ankara and Adana mark nationwide anti-government protest anniversary, facing in Istanbul 25,000 police officers firing teargas, water cannon and arresting dozens
2015: 15 February 2015: Street protests across Turkey after student Ozgecan Aslan was killed for resisting rape - 16 February 2015: Police detained five women protesters who unfurled a banner atop of a building in Istanbul's Taksim square to denounce brutal murder of 20-year old student Ozgecan Aslan that triggered outrage across the country - 22 March: Kurds call on Turkish government to meet their demands at celebrations to mark New Year in Istanbul - 1 May 2015: Hundreds of flag-waving protesters gathered in the Besiktas neighbourhood, where they were held back by lines of police closing off streets to traffic to stop May Day rallies at the central Taksim Square - 1 May: Turkish police use water cannon and tear gas on May Day in Istanbul to push back activists from Taksim Square during first major protests since government passed security bill - 22 July 2015: Turkish police fired tear gas and water cannon against hundreds of protesters who took to streets in Istanbul to condemn the suspected 'Islamic State' deadly suicide attack in the Kurdish majority town of Suruc near the Syrian border and Kobani, also detaining and injuring protesters in other demonstrations - 25 July: Turkish authorities on Saturday banned demonstrators from holding a peace march in Istanbul this weekend to protest against Suruc terror attack - 27 July: Thousands chant anti-government slogans in Cizre and violence flares between Kurdish protesters and Turkish forces after the funeral of a demonstrator who died protesting against military strikes targeting Kurdish camps in northern Iraq - 10 September: Pro-Kurdish politicians, including cabinet ministers, attempting to march to Cizre in south-east Turkey to protest against a week-long military curfew in the town have been blocked by security forces - 3 October 2015: Turkish journalists rally to protest diminishing media freedom - 10 October: Riot police used water cannon and tear gas to disperse several hundred protesters in Ankara marching for a Kurdish fighter who was killed in Kobani early in September while fighting against Islamic State and whose family have been struggling to bring his body back to Turkey for burial - 10 October: Impromptu protests began in Istanbul on Saturday evening in response to the Turkish government’s handling of the Ankara terror attack, blaming the authorities for the twin bomb attacks that targeted a peace rally in the capital earlier on Saturday and killed more than 90 people - 11 October: Thousands gather in Ankara to pay respects to activists killed in bombings during the peace rally on Saturday, saying the police had failed to provide any security measures to protect the rally’s attendees and had even teargassed relatives of the victims as they arrived at the scene of the attack looking for their loved ones - 12 October: Thousands of mourners gather across Turkey for the funerals of victims of Saturday’s bombings during the peace rally in Ankara - 13 October: Demonstrators scuffle with riot police during a rally in Istanbul to commemorate the 97 victims and over the government's response to the Ankara bombings - 27 November 2015: Hundreds of Turks have rallied against Russian and Syrian offensives on the province of Latakia, an area mainly controlled by ethnic Turkmens, as Russian forces continue launching heavy bombardment - 29 November 2015: Lawyer and human rights defender Tahir Elci, who faced a criminal charge for supporting Kurdish rebels, has been killed in an attack in south-east Turkey in which a police officer also died, while he and other lawyers were making a press statement - 29 novembre: Quelque 50'000 personnes ont assisté dimanche à Diyarbakir, dans le sud-est de la Turquie, aux obsèques du célèbre avocat kurde Tahir Elçi tué par des hommes armés non identifiés - 20 December: Turkish police teargas protesters in Istanbul calling for an end to curfews in the south-east, where the military has increased operations against Kurdish militants
2016: 10 February 2016: Riot police use water cannon, smoke grenade to disperse Kurds protesting curfews in the southeast province of Diyarbakir - 6 March: Turkish police fire tear gas for second day after seizing newspaper to disperse hundreds of the newspapers' supporters, dozens of people were overcome by the gas and collapsed onto the street - 6/7 March 2016: Attacked by violent police firing rubber bullets, women march in Istanbul marking International Women’s Day two days early after the city’s governor banned their rally planned for March the 8, citing 'security' concerns - 24 juillet 2016: Un rassemblement de soutien à la démocratie est prévu dimanche 24 juillet sur la place Taksim à Istanbul huit jours après l'échec du coup d'Etat et alors que les purges massives lancées depuis par le pouvoir turc continuent - 24 juillet: 'Ni coup d'Etat, ni diktat', des milliers de Turcs se sont réunis dimanche en début de soirée sur la place Taksim à Istanbul - 25 July: Many thousands of Turks in the first cross-party rally condemn coup attempt amid a purge of suspected state enemies and torture claims - 21 August: Hundreds of Turks gathered in the Turkish capital to voice their anger and frustration at the government following a suicide bomb attack at a wedding in the southeastern city of Gaziantep, that killed at least 51 people and is seen as a revenge attack on Kurds - 5 November 2016: Using water cannons and tear gas, police attempt to disperse protesters in central Istanbul after arrest orders against opposition newspaper's staff following arrests of pro-Kurdish leaders


Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Turkey: Turkish society
Human Rights in Turkey: Human Rights in Turkey - Torture in Turkey
Human rights of Kurdish people in Turkey: Human rights of Kurdish people in Turkey
October 2012 Turkish pianist/composer Fazil Say in court defending himself against charges of insulting Islam: 18 October 2012: The Turkish pianist and composer Fazil Say appeared in court to defend himself against charges of insulting Islam in comments he made on Twitter
Freedom of religion in Turkey: Freedom of religion in Turkey
Administrative divisions of Turkey: Administrative divisions of Turkey
Marmara geographical region and West Marmara statistical region: West Marmara statistical region in Turkey, including the Tekirdag Subregion (Tekirdag Province, Edirne Province and Kirklareli Province), the Balikesir Subregion (Balikesir Province and Çanakkale Province)- Marmara geographical region of Turkey located in northwestern Turkey, and bordered by Greece and the Aegean Sea to the west, Bulgaria and the Black Sea to the north, the Black Sea Region to the east, and the Aegean Region to the south. At the center of the region is the Sea of Marmara, which gives the region its name. The largest city in the region is Istanbul. Other big cities are Bursa, Izmit, Balikesir, Tekirdag, Çanakkale and Edirne. Among the seven geographical regions, the Marmara Region has the second-smallest area, yet the largest population; it is the most densely populated region in the country.
Timeline of Istanbul: Timeline of Istanbul
657 BCE Byzantium founded by Greeks: 657 BCE Byzantium founded by Greeks
Izmir port city: Izmir metropolitan city in the western extremity of Anatolia and the third most populous city in Turkey, after Istanbul and Ankara with a population of 2,847,691 citizens in 2019, while Izmir Province had a total population of 4,113,072 inhabitants. It extends along the outlying waters of the Gulf of Izmir and inland to the north across the Gediz River Delta, to the east along an alluvial plain created by several small streams, and to slightly more rugged terrain in the south. Izmir has more than 3,000 years of recorded urban history, and up to 8,500 years of history as a human settlement since the Neolithic period. In classical antiquity the city was known as Smyrna – a name which remained in use in English and various other languages until around 1930, when government efforts led the original Greek name to be gradually phased out internationally in favor of its Turkish counterpart Izmir. Lying on an advantageous location at the head of a gulf running down in a deep indentation, midway along the western Anatolian coast, Izmir has been one of the principal mercantile cities of the Mediterranean Sea for much of its history.
Since 1440 BC first recorded urban settlement associated with the Phrygians: 1440 BC the first recorded urban settlement which controlled the Gulf of Izmir, associated with the semi-legendary local ruler Tantalus, called the Phrygian and also associable with the Luvians and the Lydians, and deriving its wealth from the region's mineral reserves, is founded on or near Mount Yamanlar. Later since 1200 BC first Hellenic colonists begin to appear along the western coasts of Anatolia, followed in c. 1194 BC – 1184 BC by the Trojan War, some of whose wounds are healed in the thermal springs in the present-day Balçova district of Izmir, after Greeks under Agamemnon having been advised the baths by an 'oracle'. The still highly popular 'Agamemnon Baths' is also the place where, reportedly, Asclepius first began to prophetise.
5th century BC Lydian and Mixolydian, Phrygian, Dorian, Hypolydian and Hypophrygian, Hypodorian octave species: In the musical system of ancient Greece, an octave species is a specific sequence of intervals within an octave. In Elementa harmonica, Aristoxenus classifies the species as three different genera, distinguished from each other by the largest intervals in each sequence including the diatonic, chromatic, and enharmonic genera. The earliest theorists to attempt a systematic treatment of octave species of the late fifth century BC, confined their attention to the enharmonic genus, with the intervals in the resulting seven octave species being Lydian and Mixolydian, Phrygian, Dorian, Hypolydian and Hypophrygian, Hypodorian - Medivial Western modes use the same set of notes as the major scale, in the same order, but starting from one of its seven degrees in turn as a tonic, and so present a different sequence of whole and half steps, to generate the following modes Ionian, Dorian, Phrygian, Lydian, Mixolydian, Aeolian and Locrian
History of Aydin city since antiquity: History of Aydin city since antiquity
Economy and infrastructure of Ankara: Economy and infrastructure of Ankara
Black Sea region's provinces, population and Geography: Black Sea region's provinces, population and Geography
History of Amasra city: History of Amasra city, as - situated in the ancient region of Paphlagonia - the original city seems to have been called Sesamus, and is mentioned by Homer in conjunction with Cytorus. The place derived its name Amastris, the wife of Dionysius, tyrant of Heraclea. Four small Ionian colonies, Sesamus, Cytorus, Cromna, also mentioned in the Iliad, and Tium, were combined by Amastris. The city was not abandoned in the Byzantine Era, when the acropolis was transformed into a fortress and the still surviving church was built. It was sacked by the Rus during the First Russo-Byzantine War in the 830s. Speros Vryonis states that in the 9th century a 'combination of local industry, trade, and the produce of its soil made Amastris one of the more prosperous towns on the Black Sea'. In the 13th century it came under the control of the Republic of Genoa. Genoese domination ended when the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II conquered the whole Anatolian shores of the Black Sea in the late 15th century.
Amasra Coal Mine and Turkey's domestic energy production: Amasra Coal Mine located in Amasra, Bartin Province. It is operated by Amasra Taskömürü Isletme Müessesesi, which is part of state-owned Turkish Hard Coal Enterprises TTK. 125 thousand tonnes of coal was mined in 2021, which was less than any of the other four TTK owned mines in Zonguldak coal field in Armutçuk, Kozlu, Üzülmez and Karadon - Coal in Turkey, as coal supplies over a quarter of Turkey's primary energy. The heavily subsidised coal industry generates over a third of the country's electricity[2] and emits a third of Turkey's greenhouse gases. Most coal mined in Turkey is lignite (brown coal), which is more polluting than other types of coal. Turkey's energy policy encourages mining lignite for coal-fired power stations in order to reduce gas imports, and coal supplies over 40% of domestic energy production


Kurds and Kurds in Turkey: Kurds and Kurds in Turkey
Kahramanmaras city: Kahramanmaras city (historically Germanicea probably after Germanicus Julius Caesar), is a city in the Mediterranean region of Turkey and the administrative centre of Kahramanmaras province. Before 1973, Kahramanmaras was officially named Maras, and later, it attained the prefix 'Kahraman' (Turkish word from Persian origin meaning 'hero') to commemorate the January/February 1920 Battle of Marash, that also resulted in a Turkish massacre of Armenian refugees who had just been repatriated to the city following the Armenian Genocide. The city lies on a plain at the foot of Mount Ahir. The city is best known for its distinctive ice cream which is thick enough to cut with a knife and fork. Kahramanmaras Airport has flights to Istanbul and Ankara. On 6 February 2023, much of the city was destroyed in the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes which had their epicentre in Pazarcik and Elbistan in Kahramanmaras province
6 February 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquake and aftershocks: 6 February 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquake, with multiple aftershocks that struck southern and central Turkey and northern and western Syria. They occurred 34km west of the city of Gaziantep, causing widespread damage and tens of thousands of fatalities. It was felt and caused structural damage as far as Israel, Lebanon, Cyprus, and the Black Sea coast of Turkey. The earthquake's numerous aftershocks included an unusually powerful Mww 7.5 nine hours after the main quake. As of 9 February, more than 22,210 deaths have been reported, 18,342 in Turkey and 3,868 in Syria. A large winter storm hampered rescue efforts, dropping snow on the ruins and bringing plummeting temperatures. Due to the freezing temperatures in the areas, survivors, especially those trapped under debris, are at a great risk of hypothermia.
Hatay Province: Hatay Province, the southernmost province of Turkey, situated mostly outside Anatolia, along the eastern coast of the Levantine Sea. The province borders Syria to its south and east, the Turkish province of Adana to the northwest, Osmaniye to the north, and Gaziantep to the northeast. It is partially in Çukurova, a large fertile plain along Cilicia. Its administrative capital is Antakya, making it the only Turkish province not named after its administrative capital or any settlement. Sovereignty over most of the province remains disputed with neighbouring Syria, which claims that the province had a demographic Arab majority, and was separated from itself against the stipulations of the French Mandate of Syria in the years following Syria's occupation by France after World War.
Antakya city: Antakya city, historically known as Greek 'Antioch', the capital of Hatay Province, located in a well-watered and fertile valley on the Orontes River, about 20km from the Levantine Sea. Today's city stands partly on the site of the ancient 'Antiochia', which was founded in the fourth century BC by the Seleucid Empire. Antioch later became one of the Roman Empire's largest cities, and was made the capital of the provinces of Syria and Coele-Syria. It was also an influential early center of Christianity. The city gained much ecclesiastical importance in the Byzantine Empire. Captured by Umar ibn al-Khattab in the seventh century, the medieval Antakiyah was conquered or re-conquered several times: by the Byzantines in 969, the Seljuks in 1084, the Crusaders in 1098, the Mamluks in 1268, and eventually the Ottomans in 1517, who would integrate it to the Aleppo Eyalet then to the Aleppo Vilayet. The city joined the Hatay State under the French Mandate before joining the Turkish Republic. In February 2023, the city was heavily damaged by powerful earthquakes. Much of the historical sites have been destroyed.
Economy and demographics of Gaziantep city: Economy and demographics of Gaziantep city


Demographics and ethnic groups in Turkey: Demographics of Turkey - Ethnic groups in Turkey
Armenians and Assyrians in Turkey: Armenians in Turkey
1914-1923 Armenian Genocide: Armenian Genocide
Since 1984 Kurdish villages depopulated by Turkey: Since 1984 Kurdish villages depopulated by Turkey
2011: 14. Juli 2011: Kurden in der Türkei - verlustreiche Kämpfe im Südosten - 15 July 2011: Turkey vows crackdown in response to Kurdish attack - 17. August 2011: Schwerer kurdischer Angriff im Südosten der Türkei - 18. August: Türkei greift kurdische Ziele im Nordirak an - 23. August: Türkische Armee berichtet von bis zu 100 getöteten Kurden bei Angriffen im Nordirak - 16. September: Erdogan bestätigt Gespräche mit kurdischen Rebellenführern - 19 October: Turkish troops pursue Kurdish rebels into Iraq after PKK attacks - 23 November: Turkey's PM Erdogan apologises for the killing of more than 13.000 Kurds by the Turkish military in the late 1930s - 29. Dezember 2011: Luftangriff in der Provinz Sirnak - 29 December 2011: Turkish air strike kills at least 23 Kurds in Sirnak province, officials say - 12 June 2012: Turkey to allow Kurdish lessons in schools - 5 August: Kurdish rebels, Turkish soldiers killed in clashes in southeast Turkey - 13. August: Von Kurden entführter Abgeordneter Hüseyin Aygün wird mit dem Tod bedroht - 21 August: At least eight people have been killed and dozens wounded, including police officers, after a car bomb exploded close to a police station in the southeastern Turkish city of Gaziantep - PKK blamed - 3 septembre: Près de 30 morts dans des heurts entre Kurdes du PKK et forces de sécurité turques dans la province de Sirnak - 19 October 2012: Kurdish rebels have claimed responsibility for a bomb attack on an Iranian gas pipeline in Eleskirt, in eastern Agri province, also wounding 28 Turkish soldiers - 17 January 2013: Tens of thousands of Kurds have attended the funerals in Diyarbakir of three female Kurdish activists shot dead in Paris last week - 21 March 2013: The jailed Kurdish leader Ocalan has issued a ceasefire declaration that would be a major step towards ending the 30-year conflict - 26 April 2013: Kurdish PKK to withdraw from May 8 after three decades of fighting that claimed about 40,000 lives - September 2014 - March 2015 Siege of Kobanî by 'Islamic State' terrorists - 10 October 2014: Governing AKP's Yasin Aktay told the BBC that there is no tragedy in Kobani as cried out by the PKK, 'there is a war between two terrorist groups' - 14 October 2014: Turkey denies it gave USA permission to use air base against IS terrorists as Turkish warplanes hit Kurdish targets in southeast Turkey for first time in 2 years
Since July 2015: Since July 2015 Kurdish–Turkish conflict in Eastern and Southeastern Turkey, Syria–Turkey border region and Iraqi Kurdistan, escalating after failed two-and-a-half-year-long peace process, aimed at resolving the long-running conflict - 31 July 2015: Kurdish villagers flee as Turkish jets hit PKK targets in southeast Turkey - 2 August: Two security force members reportedly killed and 24 wounded in a PKK suicide bombing attack in Turkey's eastern province of Agri - 15 August: Four Turkish soldiers killed and six more wounded in a clash with Kurdish militants in the southeasterly Hakkari province - 8 September 2015: Ten Turkish police officers killed in a bomb attack on a minibus in the eastern Turkish province of Igdir after Turkish warplanes struck PKK targets in northern Iraq, following a militant attack that killed 16 soldiers in Turkey's southeast - 8 September: Kurdish civilians hit by snipers as Turkey cracks down on militants in south-eastern towns - 17 October: 28 Kurdish militants, three soldiers killed in fighting in southeast Turkey - 3 November 2015: Curfew ordered in Turkey's Kurdish southeast as clashes kill one - 28 November: Unidentified gunman kills Kurdish lawyer Tahir Elci who had been criticized in Turkey for saying the banned Kurdistan Workers Party was not a terrorist organisation - 27 December 2015: Kurdish groups meeting in southeastern Turkey calls for self-rule amid heavy fighting in the region as the army pushed ahead with a security operation in which it says more than 200 Kurdish militants have been killed
2016: 10 February 2016: Riot police use water cannon, smoke grenade to disperse Kurds protesting curfews in the southeast province of Diyarbakir - 3 April 2016: In the devastated south-eastern city of Diyarbakir, teenagers dream of joining the Kurdish guerrillas - 3 May 2016: Crackdown in Turkey's Kurdish south-east turns journalists into 'terrorists' as pro-Kurdish reporters are routinely detained, while those of pro-government outlets cannot always write what they want - 30 juillet 2016: Huit soldats turcs et 35 séparatistes kurdes tués dans le sud-est de la Turquie - 8 August: Turkish warplanes hit Kurdish militant targets in the countryside of Siirt province in southeast, killing 13 Kurdish people - 10 August 2016: 4 people were killed in a car bomb attack in the centre of Diyarbakir, and 3 lost their lives in a near-simultaneous bombing in Kiziltepe in Mardin province to the south, both attacks reportedly aimed at passing police vehicles - 18 août 2016: Deux attaques à la voiture piégée ont fait 6 morts et de nombreux blessés dans l'est du pays - 26 August 2016: An attack with an explosives-laden truck on a police checkpoint in south-east Turkey's Cizre, in the mainly-Kurdish Sirnak province that borders Syria, has killed at least 11 police officers and wounded 78 other people, after Turkey told Kurds in northern Syria to withdraw or face action - 3 septembre: Des affrontements font suite à une nouvelle journée de violence dans le Sud-Est turc à majorité kurde, pendant laquelle 27 militants du PKK et au moins sept soldats ont été tués
Immigration to Turkey: Immigration to Turkey
21th century Refugees and Asylum-seekers in Turkey: Refugees and Asylum-seekers in Turkey
List of Turkish women writers: List of Turkish women writers
Music education and schools in Turkey: Music education in Turkey - Music schools in Turkey
Domestic violence in Turkey: Domestic violence in Turkey
Children, children's rights and child labour in Turkey:
Educational organizations in Turkey: Educational organizations in Turkey
Schools and high schools in Turkey: Schools in Turkey - List of high schools in Turkey
2016/2017 educational institutions closed in the Turkish purges: List of educational institutions closed in the Turkish purges since 2016
Health in Turkey: Health in Turkey
Medical outbreaks and disasters in Turkey: Medical outbreaks in Turkey - Disasters and man-made disasters in Turkey
2009 swine flu pandemic in Turkey: 2009 swine flu pandemic in Turkey
Healthcare in Turkey: Healthcare in Turkey
2016: 5 March 2016: Turkish police fire teargas during raid on top-selling Zaman newspaper - 6 March: Turkish police fire tear gas for second day after seizing newspaper to disperse hundreds of the newspapers' supporters, dozens of people were overcome by the gas and collapsed onto the street - 20 July 2016: Turkish regime blocks access to WikiLeaks after Erdogan party emails go online - 25 juillet: Les autorités turques ont lancé lundi des mandats d'arrêt contre 42 journalistes - 26 August 2016: Acclaimed author Asli Erdogan, who was imprisoned along with other pro-Kurdish writers after July’s failed coup, is being denied vital medical attention - 30 August: Turkish police raid Kurdish-language daily Azadiya Welat in Diyarbaki, detaining 23 people, including 3 people and a child, who were visiting the offices, two weeks after another Kurdish paper was shut down by court order and its chief editors were arrested - 3 septembre: Après que Can Dundar a été forcé d'abandonner son poste à la tête du journal Cumhuriyet, sa femme s'est vue confisquer son passeport et a été empêchée de quitter le pays pour rejoindre son mari en Allemagne
List of journalists killed in Turkey: List of journalists killed in Turkey/div>
Radio stations and television in Turkey: Radio stations in Turkey - Television in Turkey
Newspapers in Turkey: List of newspapers in Turkey
2016: 24 March 2016: More than 100 international writers have called for espionage charges against Turkish journalists Can Dündar and Erdem Gül to be dropped on the eve of a trial, which could see them jailed for life - 1 April 2016: Hundreds of people including opposition politicians protest and OSCE's Dunja Mijatovic reiterates her concern by calling for the prosecution to be dropped as espionage trial of Turkish journalists Can Dündar and Erdem Gül resumes - 6 May 2016: Turkish journalist Can Dündar sentenced to more than five years in prison, shortly after surviving an attack by a gunman who attempted to shoot him outside courthouse in Istanbul - 31 octobre 2016: Reporters sans frontières dénonce l’extinction accélérée du pluralisme en Turquie, après la liquidation par décret de quinze médias kurdes, après la police a lancé un coup de filet contre l’un des derniers grands quotidiens d’opposition Cumhuriyet, et alors qu’Internet reste coupé dans une partie du pays - 5 novembre 2016: Neuf membres de la direction et de la rédaction du quotidien turc d'opposition Cumhuriyet ont été formellement placés samedi en 'détention préventive' dans l'attente de leur jugement, selon NTV - 11 November 2016: Cumhuriyet Newspaper Executive Board Chair Akin Atalay arrested on his return home - 22 November 2016: With new decree Erdogan regime shuts down 9 more newspapers, bringing total to 195 - 26 December 2016: As since the July coup, more than 110,000 people have been sacked or suspended and 40,000 jailed pending trial, Turkish authorities arrest cafeteria manager Buran of the opposition Cumhuriyet newspaper for insulting the president after he said he would not serve tea to Tayyip Erdogan
Internet and social media in Turkey: Internet in Turkey - Internet censorship - 6 juin 2013: Le gouvernement turc a engagé la chasse aux utilisateurs des réseaux sociaux comme vecteurs d'information sur la contestation qui agite la Turquie - 6 February 2014: Turkey passes law tightening government controls over the internet - 9 February 2014: Turkish police crack down on internet freedom protest - 7 March: Turkey's president rules out any ban on Facebook and YouTube after Erdogan's threats - 21 March: Turkey blocks access to Twitter - 26 March: Turkish court orders halt to Twitter ban - 27 March: Turkey's government blocks YouTube access, a day after lifting Twitter ban - 3 April: Turkey publishes constitutional court's ruling that Twitter ban violates free speech - 4 April 2014: YouTube ban violates human rights, court in Ankara says - 17 February 2015: Rape and murder of student Özgecan Aslan sparks mass Twitter protest in Turkey - 24 avril 2016: Ebru Umar, éditorialiste néerlandaise d'origine turque, a été interpellée par la police dans la nuit à son domicile de Kusadasi, dans l'ouest de la Turquie, pour des tweets visant le président turc - 30 April 2017: Turkey's Erdogan regime blocks Wikipedia
Crime in Turkey: Crime in Turkey
Turkish war crimes: Turkish war crimes
2013/2014 corruption scandal in Turkey: 2013 corruption scandal in Turkey - 18 December 2013: Erdogan hits out at major corruption probe of high-profile businessmen and sons of cabinet ministers - 21 December: The sons of the Turkish interior and economy ministers charged and placed in custody in connection with graft probe, along with the chief executive of state-owned Halkbank - 25 December: Turkish economy and interior ministers resign over corruption probe - 26 December: Prosecutor Muammer accuses police of obstructing corruption case - 28 décembre: Démissions dans le camp d'Erdogan et de nouvelles manifestations contre la corruption réprimées par la police - 8 janvier 2014: Le gouvernement turc a continué les purges au sein de la police nationale sur fond de scandale de corruption, limogeant les préfets de police de 16 provinces - 25 February: Turkey PM Erdogan says 'tapped' phone call 'fabricated', that appears to show him talking to his son about hiding large sums of money - 7 March: Turkey's president rules out any ban on Facebook and YouTube after Erdogan's threats
Crime against women in Turkey: Crime against women in Turkey
Honour killing in Turkey: Honour killing in Turkey
January 2015 Istanbul bombing: January 2015 Istanbul bombing - 7 January 2015: Turkish group DHKP-C claims responsibility for a suicide bomb attack at a police station in Istanbul's historic Sultanahmet district that killed one officer and wounded another
Judicial system of Turkey: Judicial system of Turkey
Supreme Board of Judges and Prosecutors in Turkey: Supreme Board of Judges and Prosecutors in Turkey
Judicial courts in Turkey: Judicial courts in Turkey
Constitutional Court of Turkey: Constitutional Court of Turkey since 1961
Military courts in Turkey: Military courts in Turkey
Law enforcement in Turkey, police, gendarmerie and secret services: Law enforcement in Turkey - Turkish Gendarmerie - Turkish National Intelligence Organization
June 2017 report 'Mass torture and ill-treatment in Turkey': 6 June 2017: SFC report 'Mass torture and ill-treatment in Turkey'
Prisons in Turkey: Prisons in Turkey
Foreign relations of Turkey: Foreign relations of Turkey
Treaties of Turkey: Treaties of Turkey
Since 1299 military history of the Ottoman Empire: Since 1299 military history of the Ottoman Empire
Since 1299 wars involving the Ottoman Empire: Since 1299 wars involving the Ottoman Empire - Since 1299 List of wars involving the Ottoman Empire by period
Since 1356 Ottoman wars in Europe: Since 1356 Ottoman wars in Europe
Massacres in and committed by the Ottoman Empire: Massacres committed by the Ottoman Empire - Massacres in the Ottoman Empire
Foreign relations of the Ottoman Empire: Foreign relations of the Ottoman Empire
World War I crimes by the Ottoman Empire: World War I crimes by the Ottoman Empire
Turkish war crimes: Turkish war crimes
Since 1922/1923 List of wars involving Turkey: Since 1922/1923 List of wars involving Turkey
Since 2002 foreign policy of the Recep Tayyip Erdogan government: Foreign policy of the Recep Tayyip Erdogan government since 2002 - Neo-Ottomanism

Turkey's membership of international organizations: Turkey's membership of international organizations
Turkey/United Nations relations:
October 2014 UN says thousands likely to be massacred if jihadists take Kobani: 11 October 2014: United Nations says thousands likely to be massacred if jihadists take Kobani
Turkey and NATO: Turkey and NATO
December 2015 NATO to send aircraft, ships to Turkey to strengthen its Syrian border defences: 19 December 2015: NATO to send aircraft, ships to Turkey to strengthen Syrian border defences amid Russian air attacks against Syrian people
Bilateral relations of Turkey: Bilateral relations of Turkey
Turkish population and diaspora: Turkish population - Turkish diaspora
Turkey/Afghanistan relations: Turkey/Afghanistan relations
Turkey/Armenia relations: Turkey/Armenia relations - Armenians in Turkey
Turkey/Australia relations: Turkey/Australia relations
Middle Eastern theatre of World War I 1914-1918: Middle Eastern theatre of World War I 1914-1918
1908–1922 defeat and dissolution of the Ottoman Empire: Defeat and dissolution of the Ottoman Empire 1908–1922
Turkey/Austria relations: Turkey/Austria relations
1683-1699 Great Turkish War between the Ottoman Empire and several contemporary European powers: Great Turkish War 1683-1699 between the Ottoman Empire and several contemporary European powers joined into 'Holy League'
Turkey/Brazil relations: Turkey/Brazil relations
Turkey/Bulgaria relations: Turkey/Bulgaria relations
Turkey/Cyprus relations: Turkey/Cyprus relations
1974 Turkish invasion of Cyprus: 1974 Turkish invasion of Cyprus
Cyprus–Turkey maritime zones dispute: Cyprus–Turkey maritime zones dispute
Turkey/France relations: Turkey/France relations
Since the 1960s Turkish workforce in Germany: Turks in Germany since the 1960s
2013 CDU's Helmut Kohl discussed secret plan with UK's Thatcher in 1982 to reduce number of Turks living in West Germany by 50%: 1 August 2013: Former Chancellor Helmut Kohl (CDU) discussed a secret plan with Margaret Thatcher in 1982 to reduce the number of Turks living in West Germany by 50%
2016: 2 June 2016: After German MPs approved a motion, with one abstention and one vote against, describing the massacres of Armenians by Ottoman forces a century ago as genocide, Turkey has recalled its ambassador from Berlin - 9 June 2016: German parliament condemns Turkey’s Erdogan's threats to MPs after Armenian vote, who said MPs with Turkish heritage who had backed the vote were traitors whose blood was impure and should be tested in a laboratory, also calling the 11 MPs of Turkish origin a 'mouthpiece for the PKK' - 1 August 2016: Turkish government condemns German court decision banning Erdogan from addressing his supporters by video link at a rally in Cologne amid the crackdown on the media and freedom of expression by the same government, condemned by leading press freedom bodies - 14 octobre 2016: La justice allemande a rejeté en appel un recours du président turc Erdogan contre l'absence de poursuites à l'encontre d'un humoriste qui l'avait moqué
2017: 27 February 2017: Turkish authorities have arrested journalist Deniz Yücel for German newspaper on charges of propaganda, the first German reporter to be held in a widespread crackdown since July and that has frequently targeted the media - 28 February/1 March 2017: Opposition and human rights groups condemn the arrest in Turkey of German newspaper correspondent Deniz Yücel as an 'assault on freedom of expression' and attempt at intimidating foreign press in the country, as German foreign ministry summons Turkish ambassador to Berlin, seeking the release of jailed journalist - , 3 March 2017: After blocking a rally by Turkey's justice minister to promote a referendum on expanding Erdogan's powers citing 'security reasons', German town Gaggenau receives bomb threat - 6 mars 2017: Les propos du président turc accusant l'Allemagne de 'pratiques nazies' après l'interdiction de meetings de soutien sont 'absolument inacceptables', a déclaré le chef de la chancellerie fédérale allemande Peter Altmeier - 9 March 2017: During Turkish FM Mevlüt Cavusoglu's rally in Hamburg, German journalist Kempkens reportedly attacked after he held up a sign supporting detained journalist Deniz Yucel - 12 May 2017: Germany demands access to female German journalist Mesale Tolu it said had been held in police custody in Turkey since last month without consular representation - 19 August 2017: Germany urges Spain not to extradite German writer Dogan Akhanli, who was born in Turkey but emigrated to Germany in 1991 after spending years in Turkish prison, to Turkey, after he was arrested on a Turkish warrant while in Granada on holiday - 8 October 2017: Turkish prosecutors demand up to 15 years jail for Amnesty activists including Swede Ali Gharavi and German Peter Steudtner - 25 October 2017: Court releases human rights defenders including Amnesty International’s Turkey Director Taner Kiliç and German Peter Steudtner
Turkey/Greece relations: Turkey/Greece relations
Since 1952 Greece's and Turkey's NATO membership: Greece's and Turkey's NATO membership since February 1952
1996 Imia military crisis: 1996 Imia/Kardak military crisis
Since 2014 International and European refugee and migrant crisis: Since 2014 International and European refugee and migrant crisis
2016-2018 Imia tensions: 2016-2018 Imia tensions
Turkey/Iran relations: Turkey/Iran relations
Turkey/Iraq relations: Turkey/Iraq relations - Euphrates river
2008 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq2008 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq
August 2011 Turkey-Iraq cross-border raids: August 2011 Turkey-Iraq cross-border raids
2015: 16 January 2015: Turkish FM Cavusoglu said up to 700 Turkish nationals have joined the 'Islamic State' terrorist group, sounding the alarm over the risk of attacks inside Turkey - 25 July 2015: Turkish jets hit Islamic State targets in Syria, Kurds in Iraq, the first time Turkey strikes Kurds in northern Iraq since a peace deal was announced in 2013 between Ankara and the PKK rebel group - 29 July 2015: Turkey launches heaviest airstrikes on Kurdish militants in northern Iraq since campaign began last week - 29 July: Turkey steps up bombing of Kurdish targets in Iraq, after Nato members urged proportionate response to security threat, alleged by Turkey - 1 August 2015: Iraqi Kurdistan urges Turkey to halt PKK bombardment - 1 August: Iraq's Barzani condemns Turkish bombing he says killed civilians - 8 September 2015: Turkish troops cross into Iraq in pursuit of Kurdish PKK rebels - 19 September 2015: Turkish jets hit Kurdish militant camps in Iraq, killing at least 55 people - 5 December 2015: Iraq tells Turkey to 'immediately' withdraw forces, including tanks and artillery, it has deployed in the country’s north without Iraq’s consent
Turkey/Israel relations: Turkey/Israel relations
2017: 9 May 2017: Erdogan says he is working to halt 'judaization’ of Jerusalem, after calling for Muslims to flood Temple Mount, as Israel says it 'consistently protects total freedom of worship for Jews, Muslims and Christians' - 18 July 2017: Turkish Erdogan regime says Israel’s brief closure of Temple Mount following a deadly terror attack is 'crime against humanity', after Israel police closed the site on Friday and Saturday for security reasons and found additional weapons, including mock guns, knives, clubs, chains, and additional melee weapons - 26 September 2017: Concerning Israel and Iraqi Kurdistan's independence bid, Turkey’s Erdogan says 'It is not possible for us to take steps with those who do not see Turkey as a playmaker in the region. Turkey is a playmaker in the region', warning the Kurds that Israel’s backing 'will not save you'
Turkey/Libya relations: Turkey/Libya relations
Turkey/Netherlands relations: Turkey/Netherlands relations
Turkey/New Zealand relations: Turkey/New Zealand relations
Middle Eastern theatre of World War I 1914-1918: Middle Eastern theatre of World War I 1914-1918
1908–1922 defeat and dissolution of the Ottoman Empire: Defeat and dissolution of the Ottoman Empire 1908–1922
March 2019 Erdogan's offensive comments: 20 March 2019: Turkey's Erdogan, who is seeking to drum up support for his Islamist-rooted AK Party in March 31 local elections, said Turkey would make the suspected attacker of the March 2019 Christchurch massacre pay if New Zealand did not, as a father and son from Syria, who came as refugees to New Zealand last year, have been buried in New Zealand, the first funerals for the 50 victims of last week's Christchurch massacre, and as Australian PM Scott Morrison condemned 'reckless' and 'highly offensive' comments made by Turkey's president Erdogan concerning Ottoman empire's role in World War I on the side of the Central Powers, in the wake of the March 2019 Christchurch massacre - In March 2019 most extensive and heaviest bombardment in weeks, as Assad's and Russian warplanes pounded the rebel-held enclave in the Idlib-Hama-east Latakia region, deemed a 'de-escalation zone' since 2018, and confirmed by Russia in coordination with Turkey - 19 March 2019: At least 750 households have fled the village of Hwaiz in northern rural Hama to Idlib province over the past month to escape the Assad regime’s intensive shelling, causing massive destruction to civilian homes
Turkey/Niger relations: Turkey/Niger relations
Turkey/Palestinian territories relations: Turkey/Palestinian territories relations
Turkey/Russia relations: Turkey/Russia relations
Turkey/Saudi-Arabia relations: Turkey/Saudi-Arabia relations
Turkey/Sweden relations: Turkey/Sweden relations - Turks in Sweden
Turkey/Switzerland relations: Turkey/Switzerland relations
Turkey/Syria relations: Turkey/Syria relations
Euphrates river: Euphrates river
12 February 2013 large loss of fresh water reserves in the Tigris and Euphrates river basins detected: 12 February 2013: A large loss of fresh water reserves in the Tigris and Euphrates river basins since 2003 detected
Since 2011 Refugees of the Syrian Civil War in Turkey: Refugees of the Syrian Civil War in Turkey since 2011
Since December 2011 foreign involvement in Assad's war against the Syrian people: Since 2011 Turkish involvement in the Syrian Civil War
March 2012 Turkey closes embassy in Syria: 26. März 2012: Türkei schliesst Botschaft in Syrien - 10. April: Ministerpräsident Erdogan verurteilt die Schüsse auf Flüchtlinge an der türkisch-syrischen Grenze als 'klare Grenzverletzung' durch Syrien - 23 June: Syrian military says it downed Turkish fighter jet - 24 June: Turkey calls for NATO meeting over jet downed by Syria - 25 juin: Un deuxième avion turc visé par des tirs de l'armée syrienne - 28 June: Turkey deploys anti-aircraft guns at Syria border - 2 July: Ongoing tensions between Turkey and Syria, as Ankara says that it scrambled fighter jets after Syrian helicopters flew close to the border - 4 July: Bodies of Turkish jet crew shot down by Syria found - 12 August: US, Turkey mull no-fly zone for Syria - 20. August: Türkei fordert UN-Schutzzonen für Flüchtlinge in Syrien - 6 septembre: Le naufrage d'une embarcation d'immigrants clandestins au large des côtes ouest de la Turquie a fait 61 morts - 8 September: Turkish captain charged over the capsizing of a boat carrying mostly Arab refugees which left 61 dead, mostly women and children - 22. September: Türkei stationiert schwere Waffen an Grenze zu Syrien nach Artilleriefeuer und Schußwunden türkischer Zivilisten - 4 October: In response to a mortar attack from Syrian territory that killed family of five in border town of Akcakale Turkish armed forces have launched artillery attacks on a Syrian area near its border - 5 October: Turkey's parliament has authorised cross-border military action against Syria, if deemed necessary by the government - 6 October: For a fourth day after a Syrian mortar landed near a Turkish village in Hatay province, Turkey has fired into Syria - 8 octobre: Pour un autre jour consécutif, l'armée turque continue de répondre coup pour coup aux tirs syriens - 10 October: Turkey diverts Syrian plane to Ankara saying the passenger aircraft coming from Moscow is suspected of carrying heavy weapons to Damascus - 11 October: The Syrian passenger plane forced to land in Turkey was carrying 'illegal cargo', according to Turkey's foreign minister - 11 October: Turkish PM says passenger plane forced to land in Ankara was carrying Russian-made munitions destined for Syria's defence ministry - 14 octobre: Le régime syrien interdit le survol de son territoire aux avions civils turcs - 14 October: Turkey bans all Syrian flights over its territory - 23 October: Shell from Syria hits health centre across the border in Turkey's Hatay province - 15 November: Seeing the new Syrian opposition coalition as legitimate representative of people the Turkish foreign minister calls on Muslim countries to recognise this coalition - 21 November: Nato to discuss Turkey's request for Patriot surface-to-air missiles to protect border from Syria conflict - 4 December: Nato is set to approve the deployment of Patriot missile interceptors to defend Turkey's border with Syria - 15 December: Syrian Scuds 'land near Turkish border' - 2012 Syrian–Turkish border clashes
2013: 12 February 2013: At least 12 people killed and dozens wounded by explosion at Cilvegozu border crossing in southern Hatay province - 27 March: The Istanbul Symphony Orchestra performed March 25 in a concert at Istanbul’s Cemal Resit Rey Concert Hall, organized to draw attention to the human tragedy in Syria - 1 May: Turkey investigates use of chemical weapons in Syria - 9 May 2013: In an exclusive interview with NBC News' Ann Curry, Turkey's PM Erdogan charges the Assad regime with the use of chemical weapons against its people, saying the regime has crossed red line - Reyhanli bombings 11 May 2013 - 12 May 2013: After two car bombs exploded in the town of Reyhanli near the border, killing 43 people and wounding 140 others, Turkish officials blame the attack on a group linked to Syrian Assad regime - 13 May: Turkey says world must act against Assad regime after bombings - 23 May: Syria's opposition gathers for a conference in Istanbul, to discuss peace talks with the regime, as rebels on the ground suffer a massive army onslaught - 15 June: More than 70 Syrian military officers, including six generals and 22 colonels, have deserted Assad's army in the past 36 hours and have crossed the border into Turkey - 26 juillet: Un homme a été tué et ses trois enfants blessés lorsqu'un obus de mortier tiré de Syrie a atteint Ceylanpinar à la frontière en face de Rass al-Ain, où des combats entre un groupe kurde et des djihadistes ont été signalés ces dix derniers jours - 26 August: Turkey would join anti-Syria coalition without UN consensus - 15 September: Turkey warns that Assad regime, promising to give one of its weapons to the UN, could be seeking to buy more time for its deadly military campaign - 17 September: Turkey said its warplanes shot down a Syrian helicopter on Monday after it crossed into Turkish airspace - 14. Oktober 2013: 'Ein Mörder, der die Waffe abgibt, wird dadurch nicht unschuldig', sagt der türkische Aussenminister Ahmet Davutoglu über Assads Regime, Assads Teilnahme an der geplanten Syrien Konferenz und kritisiert auch den UN-Sicherheitsrat
Since 2013/2014 Turkey/Rojava conflict: Since 2013/2014 Turkey and Rojava - Rojava-Turkey conflict
October 2014: 2 October: Turkey MPs back military involvement in Iraq and Syria also allowing foreign troops to use Turkish territory for operation against Isis - 3 October: Turkey will try to stop Kurdish border town of Kobani falling to Islamic State - 4 October: After Turkey promised they will not allow 'Islamic State' terrorists to control Kobani and Kobani's defenders called the Turkish government for weapons and help, YPG commander Hasan says 'until now we have not seen them do anything' - 8 October: Anger grows as Turkey stops Kurds from aiding militias in Syria and Kobani - 10 October: As awaiting Turkey and USA continue discussions and USA forces continue airstrikes against terrorists attacking Kobani, Turkish Kurds can only protest in solidarity with their Syrian neighbours - 10 October: Governing AKP's Yasin Aktay told the BBC that there is no tragedy in Kobani as cried out by the PKK, 'there is a war between two terrorist groups' - 11 October: USA wants to know how far Turkey is willing to go in strengthening moderate opposition forces fighting Syria's Assad - 13 octobre: La Turquie met ses bases militaires à disposition de la coalition contre 'l'Etat islamique' - 14 October: Turkey denies it gave USA permission to use air base against IS terrorists as Turkish warplanes hit Kurdish targets in southeast Turkey for first time in 2 years - 16 October: Turkey says only Syrian refugees can cross border to Kobane - 20 October: After Turkey's Erdogan said he would not agree to any USA arms transfers to Kurds in Syria, US military airdropped weapons, ammunition and medical supplies to Kurdish forces defending Kobani against terrorists - 20 October: In a shift in its position due to protests on government inaction Turkey to allow Kurdish peshmerga across its territory to fight in Kobani - 28 October: Turkish official says Iraqi Kurdish fighters free to cross to Kobani - 29 October: Iraqi Kurdish fighters cross Turkish border into Syria to support Kobani's defenders - 29 November: 'Islamic State' terrorists launch attack on Kobani from inside Turkey for first time
2015: 22 February 2015: Turkish army evacuates 38 troops guarding Suleyman Shah tomb in Syria - 25 May: Turkey and the USA agreed 'in principle' to give air support to some forces from Syria's mainstream opposition, Turkey says - 1 July 2015: Turkish regime, siding with terrorists, plans to send troops to fight Kurds in Syria, as Syrian Kurds say beat back 'Islamic State' terrorists' attack on border town of Tel Abyad - 21 July: Syrians top Turkey's foreign investor list during the first six months of 2015 - 23 July: Syrian activists protest the murder of several Syrian refugees by Turkish military while attempting to illegally cross the border - 24 July: Bombing of Islamic State positions by Turkish F-16 jets on Syrian side of border reaching into Turkey’s Kilis province follows deadly terrorist attack and the killing and wounding of Turkish soldiers in cross-border clashes - 27 July: Turkey agrees with the USA that air cover should be provided for moderate rebels in Syria fighting Islamic State terrorists there - 28 July: Shells fired by Turkish artillery fall on Kurdish town of Zur Maghar, injuring four, according to rights group - 30 July: Turkish military reportedly responsible for the deaths of several civilians on the border with Syria over the past week - 19 August 2015: A girl has died in Derik camp for Syrian refugees near Mardin after Turkish authorities used tear gas, rubber bullets and water to suppress protests inside the camp - 27 August 2015: Antakya hospital confirms the death of Colonel Radoun, a commander of a Free Syrian Army faction, after an improvised explosive device was placed inside his car near his home near Syria's border - 28 December 2015: Journalist and film maker Naji Jerf shot dead in Gaziantep, who received death threats after he produced a film which documents 'Islamic State' group’s atrocities in Aleppo province
2016: 9 February 2016: Russia’s campaign in Syria amounts to ethnic cleansing, Turkey's PM says at a joint press conference with Germany - 14 février: La Turquie a bombardé samedi des cibles Kurdes et du régime syrien dans le nord de la Syrie - 15 February 2016: A woman reportedly killed, her child and 6 others injured, including a child and a citizen women, by the shelling of the Turkish forces on areas in Mariameen village, amid displacement for people from the villages controlled by the Syrian Democratic forces in a the areas near Azaz and Afrin towards another safe areas - 18 February: Turkey wants a secure strip of territory 10 km deep on the Syrian side of its border, including the town of Azaz, to prevent attempts to 'change the demographic structure' of the area and for humanitarian purposes, Deputy PM Yalçin Akdogan says, as president Erdogan says the USA did not agree to set up proposed no-fly zone, 'but Russian fighter planes come and go freely there, and so thousands of oppressed people die' - 10 May 2016: Turkish border guards reportedly continue to target Syrian citizens including children and women on the border and kill about 30 of them since the beginning of this year - 15 July 2016: Syrian Coalition's Khaled Khoja rejects statements by Turkish PM Yildirim that Turkish government wants to develop relations with Syria and other nations in the region accusing him of attempting to prop up the Assad regime
August/September 2016: Since August 2016 Turkish military intervention in Syria - Military operations in Assad's war against the Syrian people involving Turkey - Since August 2016 'Operation Euphrates Shield' - Since 24 August 2016 Jarabulus offensive - 24 août 2016: L'armée turque a lancé une opération en Syrie aussi contre les milices kurdes avec pour but de 'mettre un terme' aux problèmes à la frontière turque - 25 August 2016: More than 20 Turkish tanks in northern Syria, as the USA administration tries to soothe Turkish concerns about Kurdish territorial gains in Syria and as the Turkish regime declares 'we will cleanse the area of all the terrorists', following the Kurdish success against 'Islamic State' terrorists in Manbij and other locations - 28 August 2016: Turkish soldier killed, as in four days of intervention in Syria Turkish regime increasingly targeting local Kurdish fighters, who warn 'aggression' will being 'new conflict period' - 28 August: Turkish airstrikes and artillery attacks in Syria have killed at least 35 civilians and wounded dozens more as Turkish regime continues cross-border offensive also targeting Kurds - 3 septembre: Ouvrant un nouveau front en Syrie, les chars turcs sont entrés dans le village d'Al-Rai depuis la ville frontalière de Kilis - 7 September 2016: Turkish forces shell Afrin countryside, killing and injuring about 16 most of them from the self-defense forces and Asayish - 7 September 2016: Turkish border guards kill four people from one family from the countryside of Deir Ezzor
December 2016: 2 December 2016: Syrian Coalition's Hijab met with Turkish FM Mevlut Çavusoglu in Ankara to discuss ways to stop the onslaught carried out by the Assad regime and its Iranian and Russian allies on Aleppo - 6 December 2016: Syrian citizens who reportedly fled their homes running from Assad barrel bombs and Russian airstrikes, trying to find a shelter away from the military operations across the Turkish borders, had to face the Turkish border snipers who stopped them and prevented them from their important humanitarian right which is the right to live, the Turkish Genderma killed dozens of civilians, and beat dozens others leading to permanent deep scars in their bodies, while others were arrested and turned back to the Syrian lands - 23 December 2016: The number of the dead rose to 72 civilians of al-Bab city including 21 children and 13 women, the number included 9 families at least, in which considered the largest mass massacre by Turkish warplanes since its intervention in Syria, SOHR says
Since 15 January 2018: 15 January 2018: Turkish forces renewed the shelling targeting areas controlled by the Kurdish Forces in Afrin area in the northwestern countryside of Aleppo - 18 January 2018: The Turkish forces expand their areas of shelling against the SDF and shell the triangle of the Iraqi/Syrian/Turkish borders after targeting the countryside of Afrin and Kobani - 18 January 2018: Thousands of Kurds march to condemn Turkish preparations to invade Syrian canton of Afrin - 19 January 2018: Turkey shells Afrin as defence minister vows ground assault will follow - 19/20 January 2018: Turkish forces and allies intensify their shelling on positions in Afrin area injuring more people including children and women, with clashes in its northern border, in the countryside of Marea and in conjunction with the flight of Turkish warplanes over Afrin area
Since 21 January 2018: 21 January 2018: SOHR documented the death of 6 citizens including a child under the age of 8, because of the aerial bombardment by the Turkish warplanes, which targeted today areas in Afrin city and its countryside, as Turkey bring more military reinforcements amid continued aerial and missile shelling on the area, and as UN officials underscore the obligation on all parties to the conflict in Syria and the international community, to protect civilians from atrocity crimes, as dozens of people in eastern Ghouta and Idlib province have been killed in recent airstrikes, and schools and hospitals are being deliberately destroyed by the Assad regime and its allies - 22 January 2018: 18 civilians reported killed so far in two-day Turkish operation, including 8 members of same family sheltering in building flattened by airstrike, as Erdogan's aggression continues - 23 January 2018: 4 children and women were killed in Turkish shelling on Afrin rising the death toll to 30 civilians killed in 4 consecutive days of aerial and ground shelling on the area - 24 January 2018: The Turkish warplanes intensify their targeting and bomb the villages and the townships of Afrin by tens of strikes with the continuation of the combat operations on its border with Turkey and Iskenderun - 25 January 2018: Turkey to extend Syria campaign to Kurdish-controlled Manbij, as USA's Trump called Erdogan on Wednesday, urging him to curtail the operation and warning Turkey not to risk coming into conflict with USA forces - 25 January 2018: Turkish operation continues in Afrin area, targeting separated places and raising the number of killed citizens to 32 at least - 25 January 2018: The number of casualties in Afrin area raises to about 110, to 140 - 26 January 2018: Syrian rebels put their own aims aside to fight Turkey’s battles - 26 January 2018: Turkey's military operation, illegal under international law, completes its first week in Afrin with 38 civilian casualties and about 120 fighters and soldiers killed during the aerial and ground shelling and the violent fighting - 28 January 2018: Turkish warplanes carry out a massacre against displaced family in a village in Afrin countryside as the death toll rose to 46 Syrian citizens of the Kurds, Arabs and Armenians including 13 children and 7 citizen women killed since 20 January - 29 January 2018: Afrin hospital administration reveals civilians comprise the largest number, including 37 civilian martyrs and 60 wounded, admitted to the hospital since the start of Turkish attack - 29 January 2018: During 24 hours 5 massacres in the Syrian North, as 14 children of 45 citizens were killed by the Turkish warplanes and the regime’s warplanes in a village in Afrin and two towns in Idlib, and as the killer of Afrin children shuts his ears and eyes on the killer of Idlib children - 29 January 2018: Turkish forces continue shelling Afrin with the continuation of clashes between Kurdish forces and Erdoan forces with the participation of 'Grey Wolves', as SOHR documented the death of 61 Syrian citizens of the Kurds, Arabs and Armenians including 18 children and 11 citizen women, and many injured - 30 January 2018: Turkish warplanes are continuing their shelling to villages and places in Afrin area, which resulted until now in the death and the injury of tens of the citizens and the displaced people to Afrin area with varying severity - 31 January 2018: As Afrin has been one of the most peaceful regions of Syria throughout the seven years old catastrophic Assad war, and as it is also host to nearly half a million refugees from other parts of Syria especially Idlib and Aleppo regions, Turkey’s war on Afrin is Erdogan’s attempt to re-stage the 'blood for votes’ tactic, mobilising Turkish ultra-nationalism in an anti-Kurdish war, according to London magazine
February 2018: 4 February 2018: On Saturday seven Turkish soldiers have been killed in their murderous offensive against Kurds in Syria, including five who died in a single attack by defenders on a tank, Turkey’s 'Olive Branch' army says - 4 February 2018: Turkish army continues to target civilian population as it fails to advance against Syrian Democratic Forces SDF in Afrin, as victims of Turkish bombing in Xalaka village say that they were deliberately targeted by the Turkish army and more than 150 civilians were killed and hundreds were wounded in Turkish airstrikes and artillery bombing since 20 January - 4 February 2018: Thousands of people took part in large demonstrations in Afrin city and area to denounce the Turkish massacres and to express their resentment at Erdogan's aggression, amid ongoing Turkish shelling on Afrin areas - 5 February 2018: Renewed Turkish shelling targets several villages in the townships of Afrin - 5 February 2018: A massive Turkish force arrives in the southern countryside of Aleppo to establish points of it in the outskirts of the controlled areas of the regime forces, the Lebanese Hezbollah and the Iranian Guards - 9 February 2018: 21 days of Erdogan's murderous operation kill about 365 citizens including women and children and defending fighters of the Kurdish units in Afrin area - 10 February 2018: SOHR monitored renewed Turkish bombardment on areas in Afrin, including bombardments by warplanes in Bulbula Township, in Raju Township and other places in the south-western countryside of Afrin, as death toll raises to more than 400 civilians and fighters killed by Erdogan's 'Olive Branch' - 16 February 2018: The Turkish aircraft bomb the townships of Rajo and Sheikh Hadid in Afrin area - 16/17 February 2018: Amid aerial bombardments, 6 people injured in the renewed Turkish shelling on the countryside of Afrin, medical sources confirm the use of gases in the shelling, according to SOHR and Reuters - 23 February 2018: Civilian deaths in Turkish attacks may be unlawful, as military appears to have failed to take necessary precautions to avoid civilian casualties in three attacks in northwest Syria in late January 2018, according to Human Rights Watch - 23 February 2018: Renewed Turkish airstrikes on Afrin area - 25 February 2018: Intense aerial and ground shelling and bombardments by warplanes and helicopters in Jendires Township and other places in Afrin area by Turkish military
March 2018: 4 March 2018: UN's Panos Moumtzis said they continue to receive disturbing reports out of Afrin of civilian deaths and injuries, and restrictions on civilian movement as a result of ongoing military operations - 5 March 2018: 45 days of 'Olive Branch' Operation’s continuous escalated clashes raise the death toll to more than 900 civilians and fighters in Afrin area - 8 March 2018: After cutting the water and electricity of them, Turkish warplanes target the road of civilians’ displacement in Afrin, as military reinforcements from SDF areas in eastern Syria reach Afrin - 13 mars 2018: Selon l'armée turque, les forces turques encerclent depuis lundi Afrine, où plusieurs milliers de civils se trouvent encore et plus de 200 civils ont déjà été tués depuis le début de l'opération turque, selon l'OSDH - 16 March 2018: Reports of civilian casualties from Afrin 'deeply alarming', according to UN's Ravina Shamdasani, saying that children, families killed by Turkish airstrikes, shelling in Afrin - 16 March 2018: At least 16 casualties, including 2 pregnant women, and more injured people in a massacre by Turkish forces targeting for the only hospital in Afrin city, as Turkish forces try to break into the city from its north - 17/18 March 2018: Turkish forces work on going deep in Afrin city and their warplanes and artillery re-target the city amid increased fears for the lives of civilians, as videos show threatening fighters of Erdogan's operation - 18 March 2018: After they thieved its villages the forces of the 'Olive Branch' Operation start to loot Afrin city after their full control on it - 27 March 2018: Turkish warplanes bomb an area controlled by the Kurdish forces in the northern countryside of Aleppo
12 February 2023 as UN's Griffith said 'we have failed the people in north-west Syria', Turkish regime attacks again: 12 February 2023: As in other parts of Aleppo province Syrian citizens, and in neighbouring Turkish provinces Turkish citizens, are struggling with the effects of devastating earthquakes since 6 February, in western Ain Al-Arab (Kobani) a Turkish drone has attacked a military vehicle that was carrying members of 'SDF', which left deaths and injured members, the first drone attack by Turkey after the earthquake. Accordingly, the number of attacks carried out by Turkish drones on areas controlled by the Autonomous Administration in north and north-east Syria since early 2023 has increased to 9. These attacks left 8 fatalities, including 3 civilians, 4 military personnel and a driver, as well as the injury of over 3 others, and as in Al-Hasakah province 7 the Erdogan regime killed 4 military personnel, a driver, and 2 civilians one of them a child.
21 December 2024 5 people killed including a woman in Al-Hasakah as a Turkish drone shells grain centre in Ain Al-Arab: 21 December 2024: 5 people killed including a woman in Al-Hasakah as a Turkish drone shells grain centre in Ain Al-Arab, as two civilians died affected by wounds they sustained, who are a member of the Community Protection organization and a member of a political party. Accordingly, the number of people killed in an attack by a Turkish drone on a vehicle near Tel Borak district in Al-Hasakah countryside, has risen to five people including a woman and three others were injured. On the same context, a Turkish drone carried out an airstrike on a centre for grain storage on Sarin road south western of Ain Al-Arab (Kobani). This comes in light of armed clashes between Turkish forces and their factions on one hand and “SDF” on the other hand on Qarqozak bridge and Teshrin Dam eastern of Aleppo, SOHR reports
Turkey/Tunisia relations: Turkey/Tunisia relations
Turkey/Ukraine relations: Turkey/Ukraine relations - Turks in Ukraine
10 March 2022 Russian/Ukrainian meeting in Turkey, Russian demands all considered non-starters for Ukraine: 10 March 2022: Ahead of Russian/Ukrainian meeting in Turkey, France24 reports, detailing that Russia's Putin regime has imposed demands which are all considered non-starters for Ukraine: neutrality, demilitarization, recognition of Crimea as part of Russia, and granting full independence to the Russian-occupied regions. Further complicating matters, Russia's endgame still appears to be 'provoking regime change and installing a puppet regime' - 10 March 2022: Ukrainian-Russian meeting comes after Putin regime's bombing of a children's hospital in Mariupol on Wednesday, documented by footage showing a building - which also housed a maternity ward - reduced to a shell, with a huge crater nearby, as meanwhile the bombing has been widely condemned, with the UN Secretary describing the attack as 'horrific', BBC reports - 10 March 2022: Ukraine's and Russian regime's foreign ministers hold talks in Turkey as Russia’s criminal offensive enters third week, swaying 'Al Jazeera' network - including very different journalists - reports in Russia-Ukraine live news. Ukrainian FM says at 10:03 GMT no agreement reached on ceasefire during talks with his Russian counterpart in Turkey.
Turkey/United Kingdom relations: Turkey/United Kingdom relations
Turkey/USA relations: Turkey/USA relations
2017: 16 May 2017 Erdogan’s guards attack against protesters at the Turkish Ambassador's Residence in Washington, D.C., when Turkey's Erdogan was in Washington that day to meet with USA's Trump and watched the brutal attacks from a distance, assumedly personally ordering the attack - 17 May 2017: Erdogan’s guards attack protesters outside Turkish ambassador’s D.C. residence, prompting outrage by local and USA officials who accused the guards of using violence to quell what had been a peaceful demonstration in Northwest Washington - 14 June 2017: Metropolitan Police Department says that Sinan Narin had been arrested on an aggravated assault charge and Eyup Yildirim on charges of assault with significant bodily injury and aggravated assault - 16 June 2017: Arrest warrants issued for Turkish security officials over embassy brawl in DC - 29 August 2017: 19 people, including 15 Turkish security officials, in connection with a brawl during Erdogan's visit, indicted in Washington for attacking USA protesters
8 May 2023 Türkiye rejects USA offer to send Russian S-400 defense system to Ukraine: 8 May 2023 NATO-member Türkiye rejects USA offer to send Russian S-400 defense system to Ukraine
Ecoregions in Turkey: List of ecoregions in Turkey
Forests of Turkey: Forests of Turkey
Natural disasters in Turkey: Natural disasters in Turkey
Earthquakes in Turkey: Earthquakes in Turkey - Geology of Turkey
2011 Van earthquake: 2011 Van earthquake
2014 Aegean Sea earthquake: 2014 Aegean Sea earthquake
1 November 2020 man rescued from rubble as Turkey quake death toll hits 51: 1 November 2020: Man rescued from rubble as Turkey quake death toll hits 51
Wildfires in Turkey: Wildfires in Turkey
Floods and storms in Turkey: Floods in Turkey
2009 Turkish flash floods: 2009 Turkish flash floods
January–February 2021 Evros floods: January–February 2021 Evros floods
Avalanches in Turkey: Avalanches in Turkey
January 2009 Zigana avalanche: January 2009 Zigana avalanche


Turkmenistan - Geography of Turkmenistan - History of Turkmenistan - Demographics of Turkmenistan
Military of Turkmenistan: Military of Turkmenistan
February 2017 Turkmenistani presidential election: 12 February 2017 Turkmenistani presidential election
March 2018 Turkmen parliamentary election, alongside local elections: 25 March 2018 Turkmen parliamentary election, alongside local elections
26 March 2026 Turkmen parliamentary election: 26 March 2026 Turkmen parliamentary election
Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Turkmenistan: Turkmenistan society - Demographics of Turkmenistan
Women in Turkmenistan: Women in Turkmenistan
Crime in Turkmenistan: Human trafficking in Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan/USA relations: Turkmenistan/USA relations


Uzbekistan - Geography of Uzbekistan - History of Uzbekistan - Demographics of Uzbekistan
Child labour in Uzbekistan: Child labour in Uzbekistan
Water in Uzbekistan: Water in Uzbekistan
Rivers and lakes of Uzbekistan: Rivers of Uzbekistan - Syr Darya - Amu Darya - Lakes of Uzbekistan - Aral Sea
Transport in Uzbekistan: Transport in Uzbekistan
Military of Uzbekistan: Military of Uzbekistan
Protests in Uzbekistan: Protests in Uzbekistan
Regions and districts of Uzbekistan: 13 Regions of Uzbekistan - Districts of Uzbekistan by region
Cities in Uzbekistan: List of cities in Uzbekistan
Since 500 BCE timeline of Tashkent: Timeline of Tashkent since 500 BCE
21st century Tashkent city: 21st century Tashkent city
Since October 2011 Tashkent–Samarkand high-speed rail line: Since October 2011 and amid 'Arab spring' Tashkent–Samarkand high-speed rail line
Since 329 BCE timeline of Samarkand: Timeline of Samarkand since 329 BCE
Since 329 BCE timeline of Samarkand: Timeline of Samarkand since 329 BCE
1925 Samarkand becomes capital of Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic in the 20th century: 1925 Samarkand city becomes capital of Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic in the 20th century
21st century Samarkand city: Samarkand city in the 21st century
Industry and economy of Qarshi: Industry and economy of Qarshi
Demographics of Uzbekistan: Demographics of Uzbekistan
Ethnic groups in Uzbekistan: Ethnic groups in Uzbekistan
Culture of Uzbekistan: Culture of Uzbekistan
Languages of Uzbekistan: Languages of Uzbekistan
Women in Uzbekistan: Women in Uzbekistan
Children in Uzbekistan: Child labour in Uzbekistan
Education in Uzbekistan: Education in Uzbekistan
Schools in Uzbekistan: Schools in Uzbekistan
Universities in Uzbekistan: Universities in Uzbekistan
April 2012 wave of cases of persecution of independent journalists: 4 April 2012: Wave of cases of persecution of independent journalists
Internet in Uzbekistan: Internet in Uzbekistan
Crime in Uzbekistan: Crime in Uzbekistan
Corruption in Uzbekistan: Corruption in Uzbekistan
Terrorism in Uzbekistan: Terrorism in Uzbekistan
Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan since 1991: Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan since 1991
Law and legal history in Uzbekistan: Uzbekistani law - Since 1978 constitutions of Uzbekistan
Human rights in Uzbekistan: Human rights in Uzbekistan
Supreme Court of Uzbekistan: Supreme Court of Uzbekistan
Treaties of Uzbekistan: Treaties of Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan's membership in international organisations: Uzbekistan's membership in international organisations
Bilateral relations of Uzbekistan: Bilateral relations of Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan/Afghanistan relations: Uzbekistan/Afghanistan relations
21st century Afghan Uzbek people: 21st century Afghan Uzbek people
Uzbekistan/India relations: Uzbekistan/India relations
Uzbekistan/United Kingdom relations: Uzbekistan/United Kingdom relations
Environment and environmental issues in Uzbekistan: Environment of Uzbekistan - Natural history of Uzbekistan - Geology of Uzbekistan
Natural disasters in Uzbekistan: Natural disasters in Uzbekistan
Earthquakes in Uzbekistan: Earthquakes in Uzbekistan


Vietnam - Geography of Vietnam - History of Vietnam - Nguyen dynasty and protectorate of France 1802–1945 - French Indochina War 1946-1954 - US Vietnam War 1954-1975 - Demographics of Vietnam
Manufacturing in Vietnam: Manufacturing in Vietnam
Bauxite mining in Vietnam: Bauxite mining in Vietnam
Coal and coal mining in Vietnam: Coal in Vietnam
Petroleum in Vietnam: Petroleum in Vietnam
Energy in Vietnam: Energy in Vietnam
Hydropower in Vietnam: Hydropower in Vietnam
List of hydro power plants in Vietnam: List of hydro power plants and stations in Vietnam
Solar energy and powwer plants in Vietnam: Solar energy in Vietnam - Solar energy and powwer plants in Vietnam
Wind energy and power plants in Vietnam: Wind energy in Vietnam - Wind power plants in Vietnam
Labor and industrial accidents in Vietnam: Labor in Vietnam
Rice production in Vietnam: Rice production in Vietnam
Coconut production in Vietnam: Coconut production in Vietnam
Coffee production in Vietnam: Coffee production in Vietnam
Irrigation in Vietnam: Irrigation in Vietnam
Water and rivers in Vietnam: Water in Vietnam - Rivers of Vietnam
Water supply and sanitation in Vietnam: Water supply and sanitation in Vietnam
Fishing in Vietnam: Fishing in Vietnam
Water transport in Vietnam: Water transport in Vietnam
Vietnam Inland Waterways Administration: Vietnam Inland Waterways Administration
Aviation in Vietnam: Aviation in Vietnam
Special economic zones in Vietnam: Hòn La Economic Zone - Cha Lo Border Gate Economic Zone
2016-2020 Vietnamese five-year socio-economic development plan: 2016-2020 Vietnamese five-year socio-economic development plan
Poverty in Vietnam: Poverty in Vietnam
Vietnam People's Army: Vietnam People's Army
Politics of Vietnam: Politics of Vietnam
Elections and politics in Vietnam: Elections in Vietnam
May 2015 Vietnam marks 40th anniversary of Liberation Day: 1 May 2015: Vietnam marks 40th anniversary of Liberation Day
2016 Vietnamese legislative election: 22 May 2016 Vietnamese legislative election


Social movements and protests in Vietnam: Vietnamese democracy movement - Protests in Vietnam


Society, demographics, culture and human rights in Vietnam: Vietnamese society
Human rights, political repression, crackdown on activists and dissidents in Vietnam: Human rights in Vietnam - Political repression in Vietnam
2011 crackdown on Vietnames youth activists: 2011 crackdown on Vietnamese youth activists
Regions, provinces, districts, cities and communes of Vietnam: Subdivisions of Vietnam, geographically the Republic of Vietnam is divided into 3 regions of Northern Vietnam, Central Vietnam and Southern Vietnam, often divided by the government into 8 regions of Northeast, Northwest, Red River Delta, North Central Coast, South Central Coast, Central Highlands, Southeast, Mekong River Delta - 58 Provinces of Vietnam - List of districts of Vietnam - List of 663 district-level subdivisions in Vietnam - On the Second Tier, Vietnam is divided into 713 units, Urban Districts, Provincial Cities, Towns and Rural Districts have an equal status under the Second Tier units - Urban districts of Vietnam - List of provincial cities in Vietnam - District-level towns in Vietnam - On the Third Tier, Vietnam is divided into 1,581 wards, 603 townships and 8,978 communes - Commune-level subdivisions in Vietnam - in 2009 there were a total of 11,112 commune-level subdivisions in Vietnam including townships and wards - Commune-level towns in Vietnam


Economy of Hanoi: Economy of Hanoi
Medieval period and timeline of Hanoi since 1225: Medieval period and timeline of Hanoi since 1225
French occupation 19th-20th c., timeline of Hanoi since 1873, since 1902 capital of 'French Indochina': Since 1873 French occupation, timeline of Hanoi since 1873, and in 1902 Hanoi city becomes capital of 'French Indochina'
1945 French war crimes against the Vietnamese: 1945 French war crimes against the Vietnamese
1945 Vietnamese guerrillas seized power in Hanoi and demanded abdication of French puppet 'Emperor Bao Ðai': Just after the Japanese surrender, before the Japanese-imprisoned French returned to their desks, Vietnamese guerrillas, under Ho Chi Minh, had seized power in Hanoi and shortly thereafter demanded and received the abdication of the apparent French puppet, Emperor Bao Ðai. In August 1945, two three-man French teams, under Colonel Henri Cedile, the Commissioner for Cochin China, and Major Pierre Messmer, Commissioner for northern Indochina, parachuted, from USA aircraft, into Indochina. After August Revolution took place throughout Vietnam, Ho Chi Minh declared independence in September. In a dramatic speech, he began with 'All men are created equal (with) inalienable rights: the right to Life, the right to be Free, and the right to achieve Happiness... All the peoples of the world are equal, all the people have the right to live, to be happy, to be free,' and turning to the Declaration of the French Revolution in 1791 'it also states Men are born, must be free, and have equal rights'.
December 1946 – February 1947 Battle of Hanoi, anti-French Resistance War until 20 July 1954: 19 December 1946 – 18 February 1947 Battle of Hanoi - the third by the French colonialists following the Battles of Hanoi 1873 and 1882 - First Indochina War, known as the Anti-French Resistance War in Vietnam, began on 19 December 1946 and lasted until 20 July 1954. Fighting between French forces and their Viet Minh opponents in the south dated from September 1945. The conflict pitted a range of forces, including the French Union's French Far East Expeditionary Corps, led by the government of France and supported by the former emperor Bao Ðai's Vietnamese National Army against the People's Army of Vietnam and Viet Minh led by Võ Nguyên Giáp and Ho Chí Minh. Most of the fighting took place in Tonkin in northern Vietnam, although the conflict engulfed the entire country and also extended into the neighboring French Indochina 'protectorates' of Laos and Cambodia. At the Potsdam Conference in July 1945, the western Combined Chiefs of Staff decided that Indochina south of latitude 16° north was to be included in the Southeast Asia Command under British Admiral Mountbatten. The Japanese forces located south of that line surrendered to him and those to the north surrendered to Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek. In September 1945, Chinese forces entered Tonkin, and a small British task force landed at city of Saigon (Cochinchina's capital), in 1951 USA Navy started support for the French colonialistrs, followed by USA Air Force assistance since 1952, and CIA's covert operations since 1954.


Ho Chi Minh city Metropolitan Area and Ho Chi Minh city: Ho Chi Minh city Metropolitan Area, consisting of the Ho Chi Minh City, Thu Dau Mot, Biên Hòa, Vung Tàu, Di An, Thuan An and surrounding towns, is populated by about 10 million people, making it the most populous Vietnamese metropolitan area - Ho Chi Minh city, the largest city in Vietnam by population - Economy of Ho Chi Minh City, accounting for a large proportion of the economy of Vietnam, although the city takes up just 0.6% of the country's land area, it contains 8.34% of the population of Vietnam, 20.2% of its GDP, 27.9% of industrial output and 34.9% of the FDI projects in the country in 2005 - Transport in Ho Chi Minh City - Saigon Port, a network of ports in Ho Chi Minh City, by 2013, it has become the 24th busiest container port in the world - Ho Chi Minh City Department of Transportation and Public Works - Saigon Passenger Transportation Company
History and timeline of Ho Chi Minh City since ancient times: History and timeline of Ho Chi Minh City since ancient times
30 July 2022 from imperialist wars to international success, Vietnam's rubber sandals march on: 30 July 2022: Rubber sandals may be a common object in most countries but in Vietnam, they have a heritage value. Vietnamese began making them in the 1940s during the first Indochina War using tyres from French army trucks. Vua Dep Lop in Ho Chin Minh city is the country's rubber sandal leader, as it has sold more than half a million pairs in just a decade. Nguyen Tien Cuong took over the business from his father-in-law in 2011 and has sold more than half a million pairs of rubber sandals since then, and as the southeastern Asian nation is one of the world's top four countries for shoe manufacturing and its factories produce pairs for major brands. The industry generated nearly $12 billion in the first half of this year, according to government figures.




Demographics and ethnic groups in Vietnam: Demographics of Vietnam - List of ethnic groups in Vietnam
Culture of Vietnam: Culture of Vietnam
Women in Vietnam: Women in Vietnam
Children and youth in Vietnam: Youth in Vietnam
Child labour in Vietnam: Child labour in Vietnam
Education in Vietnam: Education in Vietnam
Schools in Vietnam: Schools in Vietnam
Hanoi University of Science and Technology: Hanoi University of Science and Technology since 1956
Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology: Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, established 1957
Vietnam National University of Agriculture: Vietnam National University of Agriculture
Vietnam National University of Forestry: Vietnam National University of Forestry since 1964
Medical schools and universities in Vietnam: Medical schools and universities in Vietnam
Health in Vietnam: Health in Vietnam
Health disasters in Vietnam: Health disasters in Vietnam
Since April 2012 Quang Ngãi skin disease outbreak: Since April 2012 Quang Ngãi skin disease outbreak
Timeline of the covid-19 pandemic in Vietnam: Timeline of the covid-19 pandemic in Vietnam
29 July 2020 covid-19 cases detected in major cities: 29 July 2020: Vietnam on high alert as covid-19 cases detected in major cities
Healthcare in Vietnam: Healthcare in Vietnam
Press censorship and human rights abuses in Vietnam: Press censorship and human rights abuses in Vietnam
List of newspapers in Vietnam: List of newspapers in Vietnam - Vietnam News Agency
Radio and television in Vietnam: Radio stations in Vietnam - Television in Vietnam
Internet censorship in Vietnam and repression: Internet censorship in Vietnam - Vietnam Internet Network Information Center


Crime in Vietnam: Crime in Vietnam
War crimes in Vietnam: War crimes in Vietnam
Corruption and fraud in Vietnam: Corruption in Vietnam
Judicial system of Vietnam: Judicial system of Vietnam
Supreme People's Court of Vietnam: Supreme People's Court of Vietnam
Law enforcement in Vietnam: Law enforcement in Vietnam


Foreign relations of Vietnam: Foreign relations of Vietnam
Since 1995 Southeast Asian Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty: Southeast Asian Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty since 1995
Vietnam/United Nations relations: The United Nations in Vietnam
Bilateral relations of Vietnam: Bilateral relations of Vietnam
Vietnam/Algeria relations: Vietnam/Algeria relations
Vietnam/Australia relations: Vietnam/Australia relations
Since 2007 Vietnam-Australia School: Since 2007 Vietnam-Australia School in Hanoi
Vietnam/Cambodia relations: Vietnam/Cambodia relations
Vietnam/PR of China relations: Vietnam/PR of China relations
Since 2012: 27 June 2012: Rising tensions between China and Vietnam and several of its neighbours over China’s South China Sea oil tender - 9 December 2012: Rare protests have taken place in Vietnam over maritime territorial disputes with neighbouring China, quickly dispersed by police - 27 March 2013: Vietnam had accused China of opening fire on a fishing boat calling the incident a serious violation of its sovereignty - 8 May 2014: Vietnam says that Chinese ships protecting an oil rig in disputed waters used water cannon to attack Vietnamese patrol vessels and repeatedly rammed them, injuring six people - 14 May: As tens of thousands of workers were protesting against China's deployment of a deep-water drilling rig in contested waters a group of protesters attacked manufacturing companies owned or managed by Chinese - 15 May: As Beijing's expansionism in South China Sea provoke continued violent backlash in Vietnam, killed people reported - 27 May: A Chinese fishing vessel rammed and sank a Vietnamese fishing boat in the disputed South China Sea
Vietnam/France relations: Vietnam/France relations - France–Asia relations
1858-1862 French Cochinchina Campaign: French Cochinchina Campaign 1858-1862 - French conquest of Cochinchina 1858-1867
1802-1945 Nguyen dynasty and 'protectorate' of France: Nguyen dynasty and 'protectorate' of France 1802–1945 - Franco-Siamese War 1893
1939-1945 World War II, France stayed in Indochina tolerated by Japan: France stayed in Indochina during 1939-1945 World War II, tolerated by the Japanese Army
1946-1954 French Indochina War: French Indochina War 1946-1954
Vietnam/Israel relations: Vietnam/Israel relations
Vietnam/New Zealand relations: Vietnam/New Zealand relations
Vietnam/South Korea relations: Vietnam/South Korea relations
Koreans in Vietnam and Vietnamese people in Korea: Koreans in Vietnam - Vietnamese people in Korea
Vietnam/Laos relations: Vietnam/Laos relations
Vietnamese people in Laos: Vietnamese people in Laos
Vietnam/Russia relations: Vietnam/Russia relations
Vietnam/Syria relations: Vietnam/Syria relations
Vietnam/Taiwan relations: Vietnam/Taiwan relations
Since 2016 Vietnam marine life disaster: 2016 Vietnam marine life disaster caused by Formosa Ha Tinh Steel - 21 April 2016: Vietnamese authorities are looking into whether pollution is to blame for a spate of mysterious mass fish deaths along the country’s central coast - 6 July 2016: Vietnam’s government has said toxic discharges from steel plant Ha Tinh Steel Corp, a subsidiary of Taiwan’s Formosa Plastics Group, were responsible for massive fish deaths that have decimated tourism and fishing in four provinces and highlighted the risks of rapid growth in foreign investment - 20 February 2017: Hundreds of peaceful marchers, including women and children, attacked by police while on the way to submit legal complaints against Formosa Plastics, amounting to millions of dollars in damages - 4 April 2017: After more than 40,000 jobs were directly affected since 2016 by the environmental disaster in four Vietnames provinces, dependent on fishing and tourism, and after months of rallies and an outpouring of anger not seen in four decades of Communist Party rule, Formosa agreed to pay $500 million in compensation - 14 August 2017: A year after Vietnam’s worst environmental disaster, lives remain ruined while the government cracks down on protesters seeking compensation
Vietnam/Thailand relations: Vietnam/Thailand relations
Vietnam/Ukraine relations: Vietnam/Ukraine relations since 1991
Vietnam/USA relations: Vietnam/USA relations
Vietnam/USA trade relations: Vietnam/USA trade relations
Environmental issues in Vietnam: Environmental issues in Vietnam
Deforestation in Vietnam: Deforestation in Vietnam
Since 1961 effects of Agent Orange on the Vietnamese people: Effects of Agent Orange on the Vietnamese people since 1961
Greenhouse gas emissions in Vietnam:
Air pollution in Vietnam: Air pollution in Vietnam
Natural disasters in Vietnam: Natural disasters in Vietnam
Typhoons in Vietnam: Typhoons in Vietnam
October 2020 tropical storm Nangka: October 2020 Tropical Storm Nangka
Floods in Vietnam: Floods in Vietnam
2008 Vietnam floods: 2008 Vietnam floods
Heat waves and droughts in Vietnam: Heat waves and droughts in Vietnam
Since April/May 2023 record-breaking heat wave in Vietnam reaching 44.1°C: Since April/May 2023 record-breaking heat wave in Vietnam reaching 44.1°C






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